www. aceenggacademy.com GATE -14 Engineering Mathematics for Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering & Production Engineering Previous Questions with Solutions Subject wise & Chapter wise (Including Questions from all branches of Engineering EC, EE, IN, CE, ME & PI) (1993 - 2013) ACE Engineering Publications (ASister Concern of ACE Engineering Academy, Hyderabad) —|Copyright © ACE Engineering Publications 2013 ‘Second Edition All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, digital, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publishers. Published at : ACE Engineering Publications A Sister concern of ACE Engineering A lcademy 2nd Floor, Rahman Plaza, Opp. Methodist School, Near Taj Mahal Hotel, Abids, Hyderabad - 500 001 Phones : 040-24750242 / 24750263 www.aceenggacademy.com email : aceenggpublications@gmail.com Authors : Subject experts of ACE Engineering Academy, Hyderabad Printed at : Karshak Art Printers, Hyderabad. Price : Rs. 120.00 ISBN : 978-14-8101-016-0Foreword Mathematics for GATE (ME, CE & PI) Year : 1993-2013 Detailed solutions are prepared for all the previous questions of mathematics of GATE from 1993 to 2013 in branches of Mechanical, Civil & Production Engineering. Additional relevant questions from other branches of Engineering viz. Electronics, Electrical & Instrumentation are also included here as per the syllabus. I advise the aspirants of GATE to practice these questions thoroughly with a prior preparation of relevant theoretical concepts. Mathematics is a vital subject for GATE as it is given a very good weightage of about 15% in the present pattern of GATE. Hence, the students are advised not to neglect the mathematics if they are aiming good rank in GATE T advise you not to write any thing in and around the space of a question, as it will kill your innovative thinking and affects the effective revision in future. Write your brief notes if any, in solutions pages. Students are further advised to read the question thoroughly, understand it and try to solve it. If unable to solve, as a last resort only look into the solutions. With best wishes Y.V. Gopala Krishna Murthy M.Tech. MIE, Managing Director, ACE Engineering AcademyPrevious GATE Questions & Solutions to Engineering Mathematics for ME, CE & PI CONTENTS Name of the Questions | Key | Solutions Chapter No. Chapter Page No. Page No. Chapter-1 | LINEAR ALGEBRA 1-17 71-95 DIFFERENTIAL Chapter - 2 EQUATIONS 18 - 26 96 - 109 PROBABILITY & Chapter — 3 STATISTICS 27-34 110-117 NUMERICAL Chapter — 4 METHODS 35-40 R 118 - 124 Chapter-5 / COMPLEX VARIABLES | 41-45 3 125-131 LAPLACE Chapter — 6 TRANSFORMS 46-50 132 - 135 Chapter~7 | CALCULUS 51-61 136 - 148 Chapter -8 | VECTOR CALCULUS 62 - 66 149 - 153 SYLLABUS : Linear Algebra: Matrix algebra, Systems of linar equations, Eigen values and cigen vectors, Calculus: Functions of single variable, Limit, continuity and differentiability, Mean value theorems, Evaluation of definite and improper integrals, Partial derivatives, Total derivative, Maxima and minima, Gradient, Divergence and Curl, Vector ide Directional derivatives, Line, Surface and ‘Volume integrals, Stokes, Gauss and Green's theorems. Differential equations: First order equations (linear and nonlinear), Higher order linear differential equations with constant coefficients, Cauchy's and Euler's equations, initial and boundary value problems, Laplace transforms, Solutions of one dimensional heat and wave equations and Laplace equation Complex variables: Analytic functions, Cauchy's integral theorem, Taylor and Laurent series, Probability and Statistics: Definitions of probability and sampling theorems, Conditional probability, Mean, median, mode and standard deviation, Random variables, Poisson, Normal and distributions -al Methods: Numerical solutions of linear and non-linear algebraic equations Integration by trapezoidal and Simpson's rule, single and multi-step methods for differential ‘equations.Linear Algebra O1. The eigen vector (s) of the matrix 00a 0 0 0},a#0is (are) 000 (GATE -93) () (a, 0, 0) @O,a,0) @(,0, a) © @,0,1) 1001 0-10 - oog 0 0 0 =i calculated by the use of Cayley — Hamilton theorem (or) otherwise is. | (GATE -93) 02. IfA= the matrix A‘, 03. If A and B are real symmetric matrices of ‘order n then which of the following is true. @AA™I (b)A=A? ()AB=BA (4) (AB)'= BB" A™ (GATE -94{C8)) 101 04. The inverse of the matrix |-1 1 1] is 010 (GATE-94) 05. A 5x7 matrix has al its entries equal to -1 Then the rank of a matrix is (GATE -94{EE)) @)7 @l (b)5 (@) Zero tr (06, The eigen values of the matrix [; 1 are (GATE -94{EE) (b) 2,0 0,0 @at+1,0 ©O@-),0 07. ‘The number of linearly independent solutions of the system of equations 1 0 2) [x 1-1 0| |x,|=0is equal to 2-2 0} Ly (GATE - 94{EE]) @l (b)2 ©@3 @o 08. The rank of (m x n) matrix (m il are (GATE- 01[CE)) (b) 3.85, 2.93) (@) (10.16, 3.84) (@) 6.13, 9.42) (©) (9.00, 5.00) 62. The product [P] [Q]" of the following two matrices [P] and [Q] is where 23 48 mf helt | (GATE-01[CE) 32 24 46 56 9 [x ‘l ® [x a 35 22 3256 ~ [i al @ [x ‘al 63. The rank of the matrix F al is (GATE -02{C8) (b)2 @o (@4 © 64. Obiain the eigen values of the matrix 12 34 49 0.2 43 94 A=] 9 2 104) CATE-o2ICs) 000 -~1 (8) 1,2,-2-1 (©1221 65. The determinant 1 0 0 o 100 1 0 0 100 200 1 o{8(GATE-02(EED 100 200 300 1 (@) 100 1 of the (b) 200 (@)300 66. Eigen values of the following matrix are -1 4 [; 4] (GATE - 02{CE) (@)3,-5 (b)-3,5 ©3,-5 @3,5 67. Consider the following system of linear equations GATE - 03|Cs)) 21 -4)[x a 43 -12}/yl=/5 12 -s|l2} [7 406 Sergio tf ACE Dg non-H Da Bore egret Crh se68. 69. 70. n. LINEAR ALGEBRA 7 ES Notice that the 2™' and 3° columns of the coefficient matrix are linearly dependent. For how many value of a, does systems of ‘equations have infinitely many solutions. @o (b) 1 (@)2 (@) infinitely many. 4213 Given matrix [A] = |6 3 4 7}, the ety eOel rank of the matrix is. - (GATE ~03(CE) @4 ()3 ©2 @1 ‘A system of equations represented by AX = 0 where X is a column vector of unknown and A is a matrix containing coefficient has a non-trivial solution when Ais, (GATE - 03) (@)non-singular —_—_(b) singular (©) symmetric (@) Hermitian ‘What values of x, y, z satisfy the following system of linear equations (GATE - 04) 12 3][x] [6 13 4lly|=|8 22 3}lz) [2 (a)x=6,y (x= 12, (©)x=6,y (x= 12, If matrix X= [ a i =a sacl I- X?—-X+1=0 then the inverse of X is (GATE-04) l-a 7 4 of. ) [’ 2. B. 74, 18. 16. n. ‘The number of different nxn symmetric ‘matrices with each elements being either 0 or Lis (GATE-04[CS}) @%.., &) 2 @?* @?? Let A,B, C, D be nxn matrices, each with non-zero determinant. ABCD = I then (GATE-44(CS)) @p'cia" (b) CDA (©) ABC (@) does not exist How many solutions does the following system of linear equations have x+Sy=-1 x-y x+3y (GATE-04(CS)) (a) infinitely many (©) two distinct solutions (©) unique (@) none ‘The sum of the eigen values of the matrix gE | given below is |1 51) (GATE~04[ME]) 31L @S 7 © @I8 For what value of x will the matrix given 8x0 ‘below become singular? |4 0 2 1260 (GATE-04[ME]) Real matrices (Alou, [Bh (Chu [D]so, (Elsa, (Flsa_ are given. Matrices [B] and [E] are symmetric, Following statements are made with respect to their matrices. () Matrix product (F]* [C]" (B] {C} (F] isa scalar. (A) Matrix product [D]" [F] [D] is always symmetric. With reference to above statements which of the following applies? (GATE-04[CE]) (a) statement (1) is true but (II) is false (b) statement (1) is false but (II) is true (c) both the statements are true (@ both the statements are false “benign ACE res Keka DD. sma ponds Sar ethpanon (apr ee8 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS ee a 4 78. The eigen values of the matrix | 7] are (GATE-04{CE}) @L4 (b) -1,2 (©)0,5 — (d) can not be determined 79. Consider the following system of equations in three real variable x1, xq and x3 : 2x- x +3%=1 3x1 + 2x2 + 5x oxi +42 + x3 This system of equations has (GATE-05(CE)) (@) no solution (b) a unique solution (©) more than one but a finite number of solutions. @) an infinite number of solutions. ‘80. Consider a non-homogencous system of linear equations represents mathematically ‘an overdetermined system. Such a system will be (GATE-05[CE}) (a) Consistent having a unique solution (b) Consistent having many solutions. (©) Inconsistent having a unique solution. @ Inconsistent having no solution. 81. What are the eigen values of the following 2x2 matrix [3 dl (GATE-05{CS}) @-L1 O16 ©2,5 @4-1 82. Consider the matrices Xs , Yeu and Pas ‘The order of [P (X" Y)" P*]" will be (GATE-95(CE)) (0) 2x2 () 3x3 (©) 4x3 (@) 3x4 83, The determinant ofthe matrix given below o102 -1113 ® Toon (GATE-05) 1-201 @-1 (0 @1 @2 84. Consider the system of equations, Acm Xext =2Xuut where A is a scalar. Let (A: Xi) be an eigen value and its corresponding eigen vector for real matrix A. Let Ins: be unit matrix. Which one of the following statement is not correct? (GATE-0S{CE}) (@) For a homogeneous nxn system of linear equations (A-AI)X = 0, having a zon trivial solution, the rank of (A~Al) is less than n, (b) For matrix A, m being a positive integer, (2:" , X!") will be eigen pair for alli (©) IEAT= A" then (a= 1 for ali (@IEAT=A then Ajare real for all i 85. In the matrix equation PX= Q which of the following is a necessary condition for the existence of atleast one solution for the unknown vector X. (GATE-OS[EE]) (a) Augmented matrix [P/Q] must have the ‘same rank as matrix P, (b) vector Q must have only non-zero elements. (©) matrix P must be singular (@) matrix P must be square 3-2 2 86. For the matrix P=|0 -2 1], one ofthe oo1 igen values is ~2. Which of the following isan eigen vector? (GATE-05|EE]) 3 ~3 1 2 @{-2| @] 2) ©|/-2] @Is 1 -1 3 0 10 -1 87.IFR=/2 1-1) then the top row of R™ 23 2 is (GATE-O5[EE}) @[S 6 4] ©) (Ss -3 1] @2 0 -y @2 -1 oy ACE Erwin Pitot ACE evo De, Br nea apie Pshepena) (Cpr ReadACE SS 8. The eigen values of the matrix M given below are 15, 3 and 0. 8-6 7 ie “he M= value of the 2-4 3. determinant of a matrix is (GATE-05|PI)) (b) 10 @-10 (@)20 @o 89. Identify which one of the following is an 1 eigen vector of the matrix A (GATE-OS{IN)) @u mB = on a of F 90. A is a3 x 4 matrix and AX = B is an inconsistent system of equations. The highest possible rank of A is (GATE-0S[ME]) @! ©3 O1IEA= [i (GATE-OS[EE]) ® o% OH O'% Oo 92. Which one of the following is an eigen 500 0 ao o21 031 (GATE-0S[ME)) vector of the matrix is ooo @ti 2 0 of @)(0 0 1 Of @fl oo 2 @f + 2 a7 93. Let A be 3x3 matrix with rank 2, Then ‘AX =O has (GATE - 05{IN}) (@ only the trivial solution X= O (b) one independent solution (©) two independent solutions (@ three independent solutions 94. Given an orthogonal matrix pid 1 1-1-1 aaly! A-|i io of OA) ® 00 1-1 (GATE-OS{EC) 1 Oru he on @l 3 95. Given the matrix [t } the eigen (GATE-9S[EC)) vector is 3 4 2 =2 off othe ef a ¢_[3 2 96. Bigen values of a matrix $= E ‘| are 5 and 1. What are the eigen values of the matrix S’ = SS? (GATE - 06{ME}) (a) 1 and 25 (0)6,4 (©)5,1 @ 2,10 97. Multiplication of matrices E and F is G. Matrices E and G are cos@ sind 0 E=|sin@ cos@ 0) and 0 oo1 10 0 G=|0 1 0]. Whatis the matrix F? 001 (GATE-06[ME]) sin@ —cos0 os ae 5c Engng st (nf CE Egy hc Fir De hana Pee tr oatganan Crh Reena)10 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS ACE rE 98. For a given 2x2 matrix A, it is observed Lee ots}0 oft Af SL 3 11 1 oa Lf 1o4yf- -1 -2] Lo 0-2 wal} 3] 99. A system of linear simultaneous equations given as AX=b 1 OA So Then the rank of matrix A is (GATE-06{IN}) @1 ®2 ©3 @4 100. A system of linear simultaneous equations is given as Ax 0 0 0 and o1 1 ‘which of the following statement is true? (GATE-06{IN}) (@) xis a null vector (b) x is unique (©) x does not exist (@) xhas infinitely many values rid 101. The rank of the matrix 1 -1 0} is pid (GATE-06[EC}) @0 1 ©2 @3 102. The eigen values and the corresponding eigen vectors of a 2x2 matrix are given by Eigen value Eigen vector =8 vel] de =4 V2= [1] : [3] The matrix is (GATE-06[EC]) 6 2 ) 46 ® 26 o 64 24 48 la 2 ls 4 42 1, Fem [* 2] ro te coming te sone (GATE~O6[EC)) @2 ©4 ©6 Ws 104. Solution for the system defined by the set of equations 4y + 32 = 8, 2x-7=2& 3r+2y=Sis (GATE-06(CE}) (@non existent 105. For a given matrix A = -1 6), 120 one of the eigen value is 3. The other two eigen values are (GATE-06(CE}) @2,-5 (b)3, -5 ©2,5 (3,5 106. Let A be an nx n real matrix such that ‘A? = Land Y be an n-dimensional vector. ‘Then the linear system of equations Ax = Y has (GATE-97[IN)) (@) no solution (b) unique solution (©) more than one but infinitely many dependent solutions. (@ infinitely many dependent solutions 40g bens A ACE, ed yt Dt, ane oe Beer thro) (pig heseACE 107. Let A = (ai), 1 ~~~ dma as the columns. TherankofQis (GATE-O7{EE)) (@) less than m ()m (©) between mandn (d) 2 16. X= [x1 2 oases Xa)” is an n-tuple non-zero vector. The n x n matrix V= XX" (GATE-97ICE) (b) has rank 1 (@has rank n (@) has rank zero (©) is orthogonal 417. ra-[ ‘l then A satisfies the relation (GATE-O7{EE)) (@A+31+2A7=0 (A? +2442) (©) (AH) (A¥2) =O @e=0 118.16 [3 ‘] then A? equals (GATE-O7[EE)) (@SI1A+5101 (309+ 1041 (ISSA+ISST (de® {cE Eger tas tof AC niga a, Ber ora Rago 4 Vesta) (pic er12 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS 119. Let x and y be two vectors in a 3 — dimensional space and <.x,y > denote their dot product. Then the determinant det (® is zero when x and y are linearly independent (©) is positive when x and y are linearly independent (©) is non-zero for all non-zero x and y (@ is zero only when either x (or) y is zero (GATE-O7[EE)) 120. The characteristic equation of a 3 x 3 ‘matrix P is defined as, (A) = [AL-P| =2? + 24. +0741 = 0, If denotes identity matrix then the inverse ofP will be (GATE-08(EE}) @P+P +21 )P+P+T ©-@+P+) @-@+P +29 121, Ifthe rank of a 5x6 matrix Q is 4 then which one of the following statements is correct? (GATE-08(EE}) @) Qwill have four linearly independent rows and four linearly independent columns (b) Q will have four linearly independent rows and five linearly independent columns (©) QQ" will be invertible, (@ Q Qwill be invertible. 122. Ais mx n fall rank matrix with m>n and 1is an identity matrix. Let matrix A‘=(ATA)'A™. Then which one of the following statement is false? (GATE-08(EE}) (b) (AA = AAT (AAA=A" 123. All the four entries of 2 x 2 matrix [Pe Pe) are non — zero and one of Pay Pz the cigen values is zero. Which of the following statement is true? (GATE-08/EC)) (a) Pus Pra ~PraP (©) Pir Pn— Pia Pas (©) Pir Pao~ Pat Pia =O @) PuP2 + Pi2P2=0 124. The system of linear equations 4x+2y= 429° 7) nan (GATE-08[EC)) 2x+y=6 (@) a unique solution (0) no solution (c) an infinite no. of solutions (d) exactly two distinct solution. ag 125. The matrix |3 0 6 | has one eigen 1. p value to 3, The sum of the other two eigen values is (GATE-08[ME}) @)p (b)p-1 ©p-2 (@p-3 126. The eigen vectors of the matrix [i zl are “ 1 1 writen nthe form || & |]. What is atb? (GATE-08(ME}) @0 o% (IL (2 127, For what values of ‘a’ if any will the following system of equations in x, y and z have a solution? 2x + 3y=4,x+y+z=4, xt+2y-z=a (GATE~08[ME]) (a) any real number 0 ()1 (@ there is no such value 128. The eigen vector pair of the matrix 34 [i 4 is (GATE-08[P1)) of] oft] OL) off) ACE bxgring son wtf ACE nny broke Bani, ag ethene) pri eedACE 010 129, The inverse of matrix |1 0 0] is 001 (GATE-08(PI)) 010 0 -1 0 @|i oo )|-1 0 0 oo 1 00 -1 010 0-10 @)o 01 @|o 0 -1 1 OHO) -10 0, 130. Let P be 2x2 real orthogonal matrix and Fis a real vector [x) x2]" with Aength|z] = (x? +2)" Then which one of the following statement is correct? (GATE-98[EE)) (a) |p| <|[z|| where at least one vector satisfies | >=] <=] () |p| =[[z|] for all vectors ¥ (© [ox] sfx] where atleast one vector satisfies | pr] <|] (@) No relationship can be established between [and [pf 131, ‘The following system of equations att 21, n+ Qn + 3m = 2, x1 + 4x + xs = 4 has a unique solution. The only possible value(s) for o is/are (GATE-08|CS)) @o (b) either 0 (or) 1 (©) one of 0, 1 (or) -1 (A) any real number 132, How many of the following matrices have an eigen value 1? (GATE-08[CS]) Bae bt alee 4] (a) one (b) two (©) three (d@) four 133. The product of marices (PQ)" P is (GATE-08{CE]) @P @Q" or'g'e — @PQP" LINEAR ALGEBRA 13 134, The eigen values of the matrix P= (2 ‘J are (GATE-08[CE]) (@)=7 and 8 (b) ~6 and 5 (©)3and 4 @ 1 and2 135. The following system of equations xtytz=3, xt 2y432=4, x+4y + ke 6 will not have a unique solution for kequal to. (GATE-08[CE}) @0 (5 6 (7 136. A square matrix B is symmetric if _ (GATE-09(CE}) pivots for elimination of x and y are (GATE-09{CE}) (@) 10 and 4 (b) 10 and 2 (©)Sand4 (6) Sand-4 138, The eigen values of the following matrix 13 5 -3 -1 6|are (GATE-09jEC)) 0 0 3 (@) 3,345), 65, (6) 34), 355, 54) (0) 645}, 34), 35 3-15, -1-3} 139. The eigen values of a 2x2 matrix X are -2 ‘and -3. The eigen values of matrix KH TKSD are (GATE-O9{IN}) @)3,-4 (b)-1,-2 ©-13 @)-2,-4 % % 140, For a matrix [M] = gy Te x % transpose of the matrix is equal to the inverse of the matrix, [M]" = [M]". The value of x is given by | (GATE-09[MEI) @-% o-% o% o% 408 Bering ait f ACE eA Ip DB Bahn poate Bsr & athpanan Cprih e14 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS 141. The trace and determinant of a 22 matrix are shown to be -2 and -35 respectively. Its eigen values are (GATE-09[EE}) (a) -30, -5 (b) 37, -1 ()-7,5 (@) 17.5, -2 142, The value of the determinant 13 4 4 1 dis (GATE-o9[Pr) 21 4 (@)-28 (b)~24 (©) 32 (36 143. The value of xs obtained by solving the following system of linear equations is x1 +2 = 2 =4 (GATE-49[PI}) 2xj tra tx =-2 2 t%-%3=2 (@)-12 (b)-2 0 @i2 144, For the set of equations X1+ 2xa + x3 + 4x4 = 2, 3x) + 6x2 + 3x5 + 12K4= 6, ‘The following statement is true (GATE-10(EE)) (@) only the trivial solution X12 =a = Xe = O exist (b) there are no solutions (©) a unique non-trivial solution exist (@ multiple non-trivial solution exist 110 145. An eigen vector ofp=|0 2 2] is 003 (GATE-10[EE)) mo 2" @Q1 a" @Eta yt tl -1 27 146, The eigen values of a skew-symmetric ‘matrix are (GATE-10{EC]) (a) always zero (b) always pure imaginary (©) either zero (or) pure imaginary (@) always real ACE 147. One of the eigen vector of the matrix 22 A= [i 1 is (GATE-10/ME)) “Ef of) al 148. A real nxn matrix A = [as] is defined as jay =i, Vi=j follows {°* , otherwise ‘The sum of all n cigen values of A is (GATE-10(IN}) n(n +1) n(n—1) o> or a(n +1(2n+1) 2 2 @n’ © 149, X and Y are non-zero square matrices of size nxn, IEXY = Opes then (GATE-10IN) (@) [X|=0 and |yj#0 ©) [X|+0 and |y|=0 (© [X|=0 and|y|=0 (@ [X|#0and|y}0 150. Consider the following matrix ap 3 ptt iso vaesof ae y, 4.and 8 then (GATE-10)CS) )x=5,y @x=-hy=10 151. The inverse of the matrix 7s] is (GATE-10{CE)) Yfs+2t i] gy afsnai i oar | © ap eal 1ppeai =i} @ 1-2 —i a ca] Oat sa] AC ngneig ett ACE hake Da Dat Fen apr tpanen) Cpr elACE 152. The value of q for which the following set of linear equations 2x + 3y = 0, 6x + qy=0 can have non-trivial solution is (GATE-10(P1)) (a2 (b)7 ©9 @il 153. If {1, 0, -1}" is an eigen vector of the 1-1 0 following matrix |-1 2 —1| then the 0-11 corresponding eigen value is (GATE-10(PI)) (aI (b)2 ©3 @s 154, The two vectors [1 1 1] and [I a a’) where a rif and j= V=1 are (GATE-NEE) (@) orthonormal (b) orthogonal (©) parallel (@ collinear 155. The matrix [A] = [i ‘| is decomposed into a product of lower triangular matrix [L) and an upper triangular [U]. The property decomposed [L] and (U] matrices, respectively are (GATE-11EE) 10] ft t of Solo 2] ieee oan of, Sa[e | 10) [2 1 oof, Spat? 2 oO}, fl os of; S]={, °] 156, The system of equations x+y +2=6, x4 dy + 62= 20, x + 4y + Az— has no solution for values of 2 and y given by (GATE-11{EC) ()4=6, n#20 (46, n#20 LINEAR ALGEBRA 15 -2 2 -3 157. The matrixM=| 2 1 6| haseigen -1 -2 0 values -3, -3, 5. An eigen vector corresponding to the eigen value 5 is [1 2 -1]". One of the eigen vector of the matrix M’ is (GATE-11[IN]) @U 8-1" (1 2-1" ou 2 -h @l 1 ay 158. The eigen values of the following matrix [ al we (GATE-111PI) @4s 06,8 ©48 (d) -6,8 159, Ifa matrix A= [i ‘| and matrix B= [; | the transpose of product of 59 these two matrices i.e., (AB)' is equal to (GATE=11[PI) 28 19 19 34 2 iF 4 2 ta sl 4833 28 19 ) 5 vl o (is 3] 160. Eigen values of a real symmetric matrix are always (GATE-11[ME}) (@) positive (b) negative (©)real (6162. [A] is a square 161. [A] is a square matrix which is neither ‘symmetric nor skew-symmetric and [A]" is its transpose. The sum and differences of these matrices are defined as (S]={A]+[A]" and [D]=[A]-1AT" respectively. Which of the following statements is true? (GATE~11[CS)) (a) Both (S] and [D] are symmetric (b) Both [S] and [D] are skew-symmetric (©) [S]is skew-symmetric and [D] is symmetric (@ [S] is symmetric and [D] is skew- symmetric AE newness tf ACE Ee hon Hye De haba Monae Sere & sthganan) Cpr Revel)16 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS 162. Consider the following system of equations 2x) +%2 +25= 0, x2— 3 = 0 and x; + x2= 0. This system has (GATE-11|ME)) (@) a unique solution (b) no solution (©) infinite number of solutions (@ five solutions 163. Consider the matrix as given below 123 0.47]. Which one of the following 003 options provides the correct values of the eigen values of the matrix? (GATE-11/CS)) 3,73 @1,2,3 -5 -3 1 07 3 |e, Hi the value of A? is (GATE-12{EC, EE, IN]) (B)19A +301 @ 1744211 (@)1,4,3 ©7,3,2 164, Given that (@) ISA +121 (@ITA+ 151 165. For the matrix af} i} ONE of the normalized eigen vectors is given as (GATE-12/ME, PI}) 1 1 @|% | 2 nay 2, pid) a |v @} 3 io, 5, 166, x-+2y+2 (GATE-12(ME, PI) ax+yt x-ytz=1 The system of algebraic equations given above has (A) a unique solution of x = 1, z=1 (B) only the two solutions of (x = 1, y=1,2= 1) and @=2,y=1, (C) infinite number of solutions. (D) no feasible sotution. =0) 167. The eigen values of matrix [i ‘l are (GATE-12[CE) (@)-2.42 and 6.86 (b) 3.48 and 13.53 (©)4.70and 6,86 (4) 6.86 and 9.50 2 -27n fo The i = toi? “TF (GATE - 2013(8E)) (a) no solution (b) only one solution (©) non-zero unique solution (@ multiple sotutions 169, A matrix has eigen values -1 and -2. The corresponding eigenvectors are [ } and | 1] respectively. The matrix is (GATE - 2013(EE)) toa 1 2), of 4) of 3] -1 0 oo. off 5 of? | 170. The minimum eigenvalue of the following matrix is 3.5 2 5127 (GATE - 2013[EC}) 275 @0 1 ©2 @3 ACE Egg Pena of AE deena, Deb Nene Woe Bap & hepa (Cpr eredACE LINEAR ALGEBRA 17 171. Let A be an m x n matrix and B an nm, ‘matrix. It is given that determinant (la+AB) = determinant (I,+BA), where lx is the kxk identity matrix. Using the above property, the determinant of the matrix given below is 24110 r2aa 112 1 | CATE-20131ECD 1112 5 1 @2 5 8 @I6 172. The dimension of the null space of the o1t matrix) 1 -1 0 | is -1 0 -1 (GATE — 2013[IN]) 1 ©2 @3 173, One pair of eigenvectors corresponding to the two eigenvalues of the matrix [toils (@o (GATE - 2013[1N)) ‘fi 0} f-1 LIE) oflte] 1 fo fi elit] = fit] 174, The eigen values ofa symmetric matrix are all (GATE - 2013[ME)) (a) Complex with non-zero positive imaginary part, (©) Complex with non-zero negative imaginary part. (© real (@ Pure imaginary 175.Choose the CORRECT set of functions, which are linearly dependent, (GATE - 2013[ME}) (a) sin x, sin’x and (b) cos x, sin x and tan x (©) cos 2x, sin’ x and cos? x (@) cos 2x, sin x and cos x 176, What is the minimum number of ‘multiplications involved in computing the matrix product PQR? Matrix P has 4 rows and 2 columns, matrix Q has 2 rows and 4 columns and matrix R has 4 rows and 1 column___ (GATE - 2013{CE)) 177. Which one of the following does NOT 1x x} equal [1 y_ y*|? nz zl (GATE - 2013|CS)) 1 x(t) x41] @|l y+) y+ 1 2241) 241 [1 x1 x41] yel yeti 1 241 241 4x Exnaning ban i ACE K-State Bmpr thar) (Cri Rawal)Differential Equations 01. The differential equation y'' + y=0 is subjected to the conditions y(0) = 0, y@.) =0. In order that the equation has non-trivial solutions, the general value of 2 is (GATE - 93(ME}) , @Y Dany 02, The differential [F-+2+sin y= (GATE - 93[ME}) (b) non-linear (@ of degree two (a) linear (©) homogeneous 03. The necessary & sufficient for the differential equation of the form M(x,y) dx + NOwy) dy =0 to be exact is (GATE - 94) 7 am _aN (@)M=N os aN aM _aNn © oy or @ ey 04. ‘The differential equation dy pd’y Gat eG +h=0 is (a) Linear of fourth order (b) Non — Linear of fourth order (©) Non — Homogeneous (@) Linear and fourth degree (GATE - 94) 05. For the differential equation Basyn0 with y(0) = 1, the general solution is (GATE - 94[ME}) @e* @ye* @se* Me 06. Solve for y it 4 3 42 sy = 0 with y(0)= 1 and y'(0)=-2 (Gare —satenp @(-vet WU+de Ute @a-vet 07. y=e™* isa solution of the differential equation y'" + y!—2y=0 (GATE - 94(EC)) (a) True (0) False 08. Match each of the items A, B, C with an appropriate item from 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 (GATE -94{EC)) 9) fray Bsarea @ ay ® © a Gr tare @ 4 +ay= +x? (1) Non-linear differential equation (2) Linear differential equation with ‘constant coefficients (3) Linear homogeneous differential ‘equation (4) Non-linear homogeneous differential equation (5) Non-linear first order differential equation (@A-I, B-2, C-3 (A-3, B~4, C-2 (A-2, B-5, C-3 @A-3, B-1, C-2 09. seve tryit 32 P2brya0 with y(0)=1 and y'(0)= 2 (GATE - 94[ME]) 10. 4. If H(x, y) is homogeneous function of oH , oH degree n then x 4 yO = ny ree nihen 2+ (True (b) False (GATE - 94[ME}) ACE nocrig in i ACE ag ego Di Barer Fen ee eigenen (Capri eeeACE 11. The differential equation yl! + (S° Sin x)° y' + y= Cos x’ is (GATE -95) (@) homogeneous (b) non-linear (©) 2 order linear (@) non-homogeneous with constant coefficients 12. The solution to the differential equation (x) + 4() + 4ffx) = 0 (GATE - 95[ME]) @ fie) =e W)AG)=, LO ©) fils) = 7, f(x) = xe™ @fG)=e*, fO9=e* 13. A differential equation of the form & = f,9) i bomogencous ifthe funtion fix, y) depends only on the ratio 2 2 (GATE - 95[ME) y (@) True (b) False 14, The solution of a differential equation yl! + 3y!+ 2y =0 is of the form (GATE -95) (©) qe tee" @ ce +e,2" (@) get tee" © ee" tee 15, Solve Sh+daty = Lets? (GATE -96) 16. The particular solution for the differential equation 2 ke 2y =5Cosx is (GATE - 96(ME}) (@)0.5 Cos x + 1.5 Sinx (b) 1.5 Cos x +0.5 Sin x (© 1.5Sinx (@)0.5 Cos x 17. For the differential equation fay ® S + g(x,y) = 0 to be exact 5 tae) exact is (GATE - 97[CE)) DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS 19 F_% Fe @ yo o) a f= wi .ce 18. The differential equation 2 +py=Qisa linear equation of first order only if, (GATE -97|CE), (a) Pis a constant but Q is a function of y (b) P and Q are functiuons of y (or) constants (©) P is a function of y but Q is a constant (@) P and Q are functions of x (or) constants ay a 19, Solve y=15 Cos2x (GATE - 98[CE}) 20. The general solution of the differential equation (GATE -98) VTL BP synois de” de (@) Ax + Bx (A, B are constants) (b) Ax +B logx (A, B are constants) (©) Ax + Bx’logx (A, B are constants) (@) Ax + Bulogx (A, B are constants) 21. The radial displacement in a rotating disc is ‘governed by the differential equation du oe ae displacement and x is the radius. Ifu= 0 atx=0 and u=2 at x= 1, calculate the displacement atx= 4. (GATE -98) 22. The equation PY peg D ash gis Ga +08 tax) & tyes Bisa (GATE -99) (@) partial differential equation (b) non-linear differential equation (©) non-homogeneous differential equation (@ ordinary differential equation 48 Sgn Pont ACE ag Anrep nr Patan) (eprig eee20 23, 24. 25, ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS If C is a constant, then the solution of ¥ (GATE - 99[CE)) ity is (@y=sin(x+c) — (b) y=cos (x +e) (y=tan(xt+c) d)y=e'+e Find the solution of the differential equation 2 + Wy = Cos (wt + k) with initial conditions y(0) = 0, x Here 2, w and k are constants. Use either the method of undetermined coefficients (or) the operator (D = Yu) based method. (GATE ~ 2000) The solution for the following differential equation with boundary conditions y(0)=2 and y'(1) =-3 is where (GATE - 01[CE}) =2 Uf 23x -2 (Q)y= 3-274 ~5e42 y= *f ~~ 59% 42 @y=¥ -3f 451434 26. Solve the differential equation 21. Pye oye ty = with conditions (atx=0,y=1, (ii) atx=0,y'=1 (GATE - 2001) the following The solution of the differential equation x (GATE - 03/ME)) +y=0 3, ty? =0is @y=—— xte Wy--> +6 (ce (@) unsolvable as equation is non ~ linear ACE 28. Biotransformation of an organic compound having concentration (x) can be modeled using an ordinary differential equation a +kx?=0, where k is the reaction rate constant, If x = a at t= 0 then solution of the equation is (GATE -04{CE)) @x > Mook (@x=a(l-e*) @ +kt 29. The differential equation [(2) ] -c (§ | isof dx dx (GATE - 05 (PI) (a) 2™ order and 3" degree (b) 3" order and 2"! degree ©). a order and 2" degree (d) 3" order and 3 degree 30. The general solution of the differential equation (D? — a 4D +4) y=0 is of the form given D and C,, C2 are constants) dz (GATE - os|INp, (&) Cre + Ce’ @)Ce* + xe™ Ce (Cie +Cre™ 31. The solution of the first order differential equation x (= —3 x(t), x(0)= xo is (GATE - 05(EE)) (b) x) = x0 € (@) x(0) = xee* (a) x(t) = x9 €* ()x()=x0e* For the equation x (t) + 3x (1) + 2x(t) = 5, the solution x(t) approaches the following values as t > «0 (GATE -05{EE}) (@)0 52 5 @10 32. 33. Transformation to linear form by substituting v= y!* of the equation & + p() y=a(t) y* ,n >0 will be (GATE ~ 2005{CE}) 408 Angin action ht AC ng ened Deb Bann Pena ir han (pri eaACE 34. The sotution 2-¥ 42 $¥ 417 a (dy tt? || sory = 35. If (¢ | y 36. @ + 0-mpr=(-mq 0) 2 dem pv= (ema i © &+aempr=a- @ Zs asmpr=c+me nq dx” dx yy=1,{ 8%) =o in the range ax hay, Oy =0 Is given by (GATE -05{EC]) (y= e+e @y-ehre™ 40. The solution of the differential equation 2d a Sot Day x41=0 given that at x= 1, (GATE 061CE) 1st Ora Lt o-Ps 411. For initial value problem y +2 y+ (1ODy = (104) e, (0) = 11 and y(0) = - 0.9. Various solutions are written in the following groups. Match the type of solution with the correct expression. Group -1 P, General solution of Homogeneous ‘equations Q Particular integral R. Total solution satisfying boundary Conditions Group - II Q) Oe (2) [A cos 10x + B sin 10x) ACE Egg Pb an ACE An Mera Da Dna nds Ros &Vthpanen) (pig eel42. 43. 4s. ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS (3) € cos 10r+0.1 €* (GATE — 06{1N}) @P-2, Q-1, (b) P-1, Q-3, ©P-1, Q-2 @P-3, Q-2, For the differential equation 2 +K°y=0, the boundary conditions are () y=0 for x=0 and @y=0 for x=a The form of non-zero solution of y (where ‘m varies over all integers) are (GATE - 06(EC)) y= Eansin (") ) y= E Ancos (=) © y= Lan x? @y- Lae 7 The solution of the differential equation Baayeer with (0) = Lis (GATE - 06[ME]) ware @U-x € (a) (1 +x) e oa -ye ‘or 2484 3y=3e, the particular integral is (GATE - 06(ME}) i Lie @ ae 5 (© 3e™ (d) ce* +c,e%" The degree of the differential equation Geter no is (GATE-07[CE]) @o (b)1 @2 @3 ACE 46. The solution for the differential equation Bary with the condition that y = 1 at x x=0 is (GATE - 07[CE) he O)Inyy= +4 ©ny)= > @y= @y 47, The solution of 42 = y* with ntl value (0) = 1 is bounded in the internal is (GATE - 07[ME}) @-osxs« (b)-xsxsl (©x1 @-25 xs2 48, The solution of the differential equation e & -y, under the boundary conditions (i) y = yi; atx = 0 and (ii) y where k,, y: and ys are constant is (GATE - 07[EC)) + @y=Gi-y)e Wy=(2-y) eF +y, cy=or-yysinn (2) +, @y=(i-y)e *+y, 49. A body originally at 60° cools down to 40 in 15. mimites when kept in air at a temperature of 25°c, What will be the temperature of the body at the and of 30 minutes? (GATE - 07(CE)) (@) 352°C )31,5°C (©) 28.7°C @ 13°C 50. Consider the differential equation 2. +y?. Which one of the following canbe particular solution of this differential equation? (GATE - 08{IN}) @y (x+3)— (b) x os) @) ACE ngeig Mo f ACE ag hen Hak Da Borer rm gine & Pg (pri bredACE 51.Which of the following isa solution to the differential equation Exc +3x())= 0,400) =2? (GATE - 0s{EC)) (a) x(t) = 3e* (b) x()=2 e* (©) x(t) (d)x()= 32 (+3x=Oand x(0)1, (0) = 1, what is x(1), (GATE-08[ME}) (b) -0.16 (099 52. Given that (@)-0.99 (©)0.16 53. Itis given that y"s2y'ty =0,9(0) =0 & y(l)=0. ‘What is y(0.5)? (GATE -08[ME]}) (0 037 (0.62 @1L3 54, The solutions of the differential equation oy 42% 42y=0 are a ax (GATE - 08(PI}) (6) eft, ef" (fh ecto (@) ets, ert (©) erm, eh 55. Match each differential equation in Group I to its family of solution curves from Group Il. (GATE - 09[EC)) Group I Group I (1) Circles (2) straight ines (3) Hyperbolae DIFFERENTIAL ‘TIONS: 56. 37. 58. 59. 61 Solution of the differential equation sy Xan =0 represents a family of (GATE - 09{CE)) (@) ellipses circles (©) parabolas () hyperbotas The order of differential equation a oe (a) (GATE - 09[EC), (@)1 b)2 ©)3 @4 The solution of xXey=x' with & (GATE -09[ME}) “4 sox 2 35x @y=s41 @y-S41 ‘The homogeneous part of the differential #Y, &. f ate @qrate constants) has real distinct roots if (GATE - 09[PI]) ©) p'-4q<0 @ p-4q=1 equation +” (@) p*-4q>0 (©) p?-4q=0 The solution of the differential equation fy = @S-1ax-0 GB. ax-18 (GATE -09[PI)) 0 with boundary conditions @ y=1 (b) y=x (© y = x + where is an arbitrary constants are arbitrary constants @ y = Cix + Cy where Ci, Cp are arbitrary constants For the differential equation © 6 +x =0 with initial conditions at at {ACE Ere Pens Ant ACE gerd a Derr Nand Rega & Vou) (Cpr Reed63 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS x)= 1 ana (4) =O the solution *° (GATE -10/EE)) (@) x()= 22 -e™ (b) x(t)= 2e* -e* (© x()=-e* -2e" (@) x()=-e* -26% . A function n(x) satisfies the differential d'n(x)_n(x) Gee nO where Lis a constant. The boundary conditions are 0. The solution to this (GATE - 10{EC)) equation (b) n(x) = kexp -%) (©a=Kexp (3/) (@n(x)=K exp (-%a) The solution of the differential equation 2. y? =1 satisfying the condition yO) = 1is (GATE - 10[PT) @ y=e" ©) y=vx © y=cotk+%) @ y=tanlx +94) |. Which one of the following differential ‘equations has a solution given by the function yaSsin 3x +3) (GATE — 10[PI]) @ S Seosan=0 ) B43 (cos3s)-0 #y =< +9y=0 © Shes #Y oy. @ Ge 778 ACE 65. The order and degree of a differential Jey _ dy ation 2544 ewan S04 [# ate respectively (GATE — 10{CE}) (@3and2—(b) 2and3 (@©3and3——(@) Sand} 66. The solution to the ordinary differential #78 65a0% (GATE - 10[CE)) @ y=Ce"+C,e™ () y=Ce" +C, e* © y=Ce™+C,e* @ y=Ce™+C,e™* equation 67. Consider the differential equation Be ynet with y(0) = 1. Then the value of y(1) is (GATE - 10[IN)) A ee @ete ® qlee Oskee'] © 2b-e"] 68. With K as constant , the possible solution for the first order differential equation ris (GATE -11[EE) @ ge 4K) tedersx (©) -3e%+K @)-3e%+K (69, The solution of differential equation Bary, y(O)=C is (GATE—11)8C) (a) x=Ce” (b) x= ke ©@y=eC — @y=Ce™ 70; Consider the differential equation y +2y+y=0 with boundary conditions y()=1 & y(1)=0. The value of y(2) is (GATE - 11{IN]) ()—e" @-1 @e ©-e? ACE Engng osha ACE gene Hodrtok D,Ner Poe age Peston (Cpr hedDIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS n. Ps solution of the differential equation Z46% 497-95 +6 with Cy and Cas (GATE -11(P1) Se cesta is @) y=(Cx+C,)e* 72. Consider the differential equation Sats Ly?) . The general solution with (GATE - 11[ME}) (@) y=tan| (S}< (b) y= wan'(2 +c) constant ‘C’ is © youn'( Je @ y= i= +c] 73. The solution of the differential equation BaZa with the condition that yol a x (GATE - 11[CE)) © y= @ y= x 3 74, With initial condition x(1) = 0.5, the solution of the differential equation, tex =t is (GATE-12(EC, EE, IN) @x: (©) xt= 175. Consider the differential equation 28y , Y_4y <0 with the ax? dx boundary conditions of y(0) = 0 and ¥(1)= 1. The complete solution ofthe differential equation is (GATE - 12[ME, PI) onl @x* Oc «(2 @e* oo(2) 76. The solution of the ordinary differential equation Brayn0 for the boundary condition, y= 5 at x= 1 is (GATE 121CE) 26 (Ayy=e™ (C)y=10.95e™ 77. A system described by a linear, constant coefficient, ordinary, first order differential ‘equation has an exact solution given by y(t) for 0, when the forcing function is x(t) and the initial condition is y(0). If one wishes to modity the system so that the solution becomes —2y(t) for t>0, we need to (GATE - 2013{EC]) (@) change the initial condition to -y(0) and the forcing function to 2x(t) (b) change the initial condition to 2y(o) and the forcing function to -x(t) (c) change the initial condition to v2 y(0)and the forcing function to W2xo) (@) change the initial condition to -2y(0) and the forcing function to —2x(t) 78, The type of the partial differential equation ai is (GATE - 2013{IN)) a ox (@) Parabolic _(b) Elliptic. (©) Hyperbolic (4) Nonlinear 79. The maximum value of the solution y (t) of the differential equation y(t)+¥(t)=0 with initial conditions ¥(0)=1 and y(0)=1,fort20 is (GATE - 2013]1N)) Ox @2 @1 @2 408 Engrg Paton ht ACE ig An Hr i Bahr de Ber than) (pig aed)80. The solution to the differential equation @&u we subjected to the boundary conditions u(0)= 0 and u(L)= U, is (GATE - 2013[ME]) med du - KETO where kis a constant, (ayu= @u=U PARTIAL DIFFERETIAL EQUATIONS 81. The one dimensional heat conduction partial differential equation wet i (GATE - 96{ME}) rar (@) parabolic (b) hyperbolic (@) mixed (elliptic 82, The number of boundary conditions required to solve the differential equation (GATE - 01[CE}) wo @1 83. SH, x" +a,x"" y+--+a, xy" +a, y" where a; (i = 0 to n) are constants then fod is (GATE - OS[IN)) a a @f oF (nf @ aff ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS 84, 85 86. 87. 88, ACE The partial differential equation 6 6 9, atarax ay (GATE - 07[ME}) (@) degree 1 and order 2 (b) degree 1 and order 1 (©) degree 2 and order 1 (@) degree 2 and order 2 Let f = y" What is 2 atx=2, (GATE -08[ME]) @o @m2 Ol MO In2 a The bl (GATE -10(ME)) (a) 2™ order non-linear ordinary differential equation (b) 3 order non-linear ordinary differential equation (©) 3% order linear ordinary differential equation (@) mixed order non-linear ordinary 5 (©) There is a sample point at which X has a value 25 (@) None of the above 06. Consider two events Ey and E2 such that PCE) =p PCE.) = LandPCE, NE,)= 5. Which of the following statements is true? (GATE -99) 07. 10. @PE,UE)=5 (b) E; and E; are independent (©) E; and E; are not independent (@PEVEH45 Four arbitrary points (x1,y1), (s2.y2), (%s,y3), (X4,y4), are given in the xy — plane using the method of least squares. If regression of y upon x gives the fitted line y= ax +b; and regression of x upon y gives the fitted line x = cy + d, then (GATE - 99) (a) the two fitted lines must coincide (b) the two fitted lines need not coincide (©) it is possible that ac=0 (d) a must be Ve E, and E, are events in a probability space satisfying the following constraints PCE,)=P(E,) 3 P(E,UE,)=1; Bi & E, are independent then P(E,)= (GATE - 2000) 1 1 (0 OF O5 @t ). In a manufacturing plant, the probability of ‘making a defective bolt is 0.1. The mean and standard deviation of defective bolts in a total of 900 bolts are respectively (GATE - 2000) (@) 90 and 9 (b) 9 and 90 (©) 81 and (@) 9 and 81 Seven car accidents occurred in a week, ‘what is the probability that they all ‘occurred on the same day? (GATE-01) 408 ining so ACE Ee Kody Hr Di nr ads Bmpr Pthpanon) (apr Rare)13 14, 15, 16. |. Four fair coins are tossed simultaneously. The probability that atleast one heads and atleast one tails tum up is. (GATE - 02) 1 1 7 15 Oe OF OF OF ‘A regression model is used to express a variable Y as a function of another variable X. This implies that (GATE - 02) (a)There is a causal relationship between Y and X (b) A value of X may be used to estimate a value of Y (©) Values of X exactly determine values of Y (@ There is no causal relationship between Y and X Let P(E) denote the probe E. Given P(A)=1, Pert the values of P(A/B) and P(B/A) respectively are (GATE - 03) 1 OL; ty of an event @7. )5- Ot oo 42 A box contains 10 screws, 3 of which are defective, Two screws are drawn at random with replacement. The probability that none of the two screws is defective will be (GATE - 03) (@) 100% —(b)50% —(c) 49% (A) none In a population of N families, 50% of the families have three children, 30% of families have two children and the remaining families have one child. What is the probability that a randomly picked child belongs to a family with two children? (GATE - o4{IT)) 3 6 3 3 @; OF Om @: If a fair coin is tossed 4 times, what is the probability that two heads and two tails will result? (GATE - 04{CS)) 3 1 5 3 OF OF 7 OF ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS ‘ACE 17. An exam paper has 150 multiple choice questions of 1 mark each, with each question having four choices. Each incorrect answer fetches -0.25 marks. Suppose 1000 students choose all their answers randomly — with uniform probability. The sum total of the expected marks obtained by all the students is (GATE - 04{CS)) (@0 (02550. («)7525 (49375 18, In a class of 200 students, 125 students have taken programming language course, 85 students have taken data structures course, 65 students have taken computer organization course, 50 students have taken both programming languages and data structures, 35 students Have taken both programming languages and computer organization, 30 students have taken both data’ structures and computer organization, 15 students have taken all the three courses. How many students have not taken any of the three courses? (GATE - 04{IT), (als (b)20 (2s (35 19. A hydraulic structure has four gates which operate independently. The probability of failure of each gate is 0.2. Given that gate 1 has failed, the probability that both gates 2 and 3 will fail is (GATE - 04) (a) 0.240 (b) 0.200 (©) 0.040 (@) 0.008 20. From a pack of regular playing cards, two cards are drawn at random. What is the probability that both cards will be kings, if the card is NOT replaced? (GATE - 04) (@) 1726 (b) 1/52 (©) 169 (4) 1/221 21. The following data about the flow of liquid ‘was observed in a continuous chemical process plant ACE nha ACE gs Sony Sed De Dac Fn ele pena) (pri endACE 2. 23. 24. 25, 26. PROBABILITY & STATISTICS 29 Fiowsae [7S [TT] THY aI [aT TRS (@0.0036 (090.1937 Gieviey | |w | [ro fw |v a7 {19 |s1 | 83 361 (2234 (60.3874 Femme pS ee 27. A single die is thrown two times. What is | the probability that the sum is neither 8 nor 9? (GATE - 05[ME_ Mean flow rate of the liquid is a hee ee (GATE - 04) @ ry O36 © 4 OF (@) 8.00 litres/sec (6) 8.06 litres/sec (©)8l6 litres/sec (4) 8.26 litres/see A bag contains 10 blue marbles, 20 black ‘marbles and 30 red marbles. A marble is drawn from the bag, its color recorded and it is put back in the bag. This process is repeated 3 times. The probability that no two of the marbles drawn have the same color is (GATE - 05 [IT)) 1 1 @; 1 1 @ 36 Os Oy IfP and Q are two random events, then which of the following is true? (GATE - OS[EE)) (@) Independence of P and Q implies that probability P(PQ)=0 (b) Probability (P \Q)> probability (P) + probability (Q) (© IFP and Q are mutually exclusive then they must be independent (d) Probability (P > Q)< probability (P) {A fair coin is tossed 3 times in succession. Ifthe first toss produces a head, then the probability of getting exactly two heads in ‘three tosses is (GATE - 0S{EE}) 1 i 3 3 @O, OF OF ©; ‘Two dice are thrown simultaneously. The probability that the sum of numbers on both exceeds 8 is (GATE - 05(PI)) 4 1 10 M35 Msg Os, O36 6 A lot had 10% defective items. Ten items ‘are chosen randomly from this lot. The probability that exactly 2 of the chosen items are defective is (GATE - 05[ME]) 28. The probability that there are 53 Sundays in a randomly chosen leap year is (GATE - O5{IN}) 1 1 1 2 @7 Oy Og OF 29. A fair dice is rolled twice. The probability that an odd number will follow an even ‘number is (GATE - 0S{EC}) 1 1 1 1 @, OF ©; OF 30. Lot has 10% defective items. Ten items are chosen randomly from this lot. The probability that exactly 2 of the chosen items are defective is. (GATE- 05) (a) 0.0036 (6) 0.1937 (00.2234 (0.3874 31. The life of a bulb (in hours) is a random variable with an exponential distribution f) = ae", 0 < t Soo. The probability that its value lies b/w 100 and 200 hours is (GATE - 05(PI}) oe” @e™ ei fer © et 4e™ 32. Using given data points tabulated below, a straight line passing through the origin is fitted using least squares method. The slope of the line is. (GATE - 2008) x]i}l2]3 y | 1s | 22) 27 @09 1 Ol @15 48 arin Pb nto ACE Lan Ira Di Baer: aad Spr & apa) Cpr Rawr)30 33, 34, 36. 36. 37. 38. ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS }. Assume that the duration in minutes of a telephone conversation follows the ‘exponential distribution "> 0. The probability that the conversation will excced five minutes is (GATE - O71IND) ot mt ot @i-t ¢ 2 OF # If the standard deviation of the speed of vehicles in a highway is 8.8 kmph and the mean speed of the vehicles is 33 kmph, the coefficient of variation in speed is (GATE - 07|CE]) (6) 0.1867 (d) 0.3646 (0.1517 (©)0.2666 Let X and Y be two independent random variables. Which one of the relations biw expectation (E), variance (Vy) and ‘covariance (C.,) given below is FALSE? (GATE - 07[ME}) (a) E(XY) = EX) E(Y) (b) cov (%Y) =0 (©) Vas (KY) = Vu + Vad ¥) @ECY?) = ERK)? EW) Two cards are drawn at random in succession with replacement from a deck of 52 well shuffled cards Probability of geting bth “Aces GATE.-O7PM) 1 2 a 2 @1 @2 OS we o4 3 OG The random variable X takes on the values 1, 2 (or) 3 with probabilities 245P 143P 1.542? 3S 3 the values of P and E(X) are respectively (GATE - 07(PI) (b) 1.90, 5.87 (#025, 1.40 respectively (@) 0.05, 1.87 (©0005, 1.10 IfX is a continuous random variable whose probability density function is given by _ Jk(Sx-2x*), 0< x52 io fa Otherwise * ACE ‘Then P(x > 1) is (@) 3/14 (©) 14017 (GATE - 071P1)) (4/5 (@ 1728 39, If E denotes expectation, the variance of a random variable X is given by (GATE - 07[EC]) (@) ER)- EX) EC?) + FO) (ER) EC) 40. An examination consists of two papers, paper 1 and paper 2. The probability of failing in paper 1 is 0.3 and that in paper 2 is 0.2. Given that a student has failed in paper 2, the probability of failing in paper 1 is 0.6. The probability of a student failing in both the papers is (EC - 2007-2M) (aos ©) 0.18 (0.12 (@) 0.06 41, X is uniformly distributed random variable that take values between 0 and I. The value of E(X°) will be (ao 42. A random variable is uniformly distributed over the interval 2 to 10. Its variance will be (GATE - 08[IN)) (a) 16/3 ()6 (©2569 (4) 36 43, Consider a Gaussian distributed random variable with zero mean and standard deviation 6. The value of its cumulative distribution function at the origin will be (GATE - 08IN}) @l00 (GATE - 08[EE}) HUB CV @i2 (ao 44. P,(X)-Me*? + Ne(*D is the probability density function for the real random variable X, over the entire x-axis, M and N are both positive real numbers. The )05 1 equation relating M and N is (GATE - o8f1N)) @Mina1 — @2MeiN=1 (© MIN=I (@MiN=3 C8 Bing btn an AE Ege pa, De Bae Fee eg han (pie eedACE PROBABILITY & STATISTICS 31 Lone eee ese ee 43. A coin is tossed 4 times. What is the probability of getting heads exactly 3 times? (GATE - 08{ME}) (@) 1/4 (6) 3/8 (12 (3/4 46. For a random variable x(-<0 2 is (GATE - 10[P1) (b) 1-20? (a) 2e? (@) 1-36? (©) 3e? 64, Two white and two black balls, kept in two bins, are arranged in four ways as shown below. In each arrangement, a bin has to be chosen randomly and only one ball needs to be picked randomly from the chosen bin. Which one of the following arrangements has, the highest probability for getting a white ball picked? (GATE - 10/11) @ | Al @) Leal “La led La! Loa 65.A fair dice is tossed two times. The probability that the 2" toss results in a ‘value that is higher than the first toss is (GATE - 11[EC) 5 1 OF O, 2 2 Oe OF ACE Ernest ACE ng, ended Deb Saar, oem mgr & ostgaan (Cpr edACE PROBABILITY & STATISTICS TE 666. The box I contains chips numbered 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15. The box 2 contains chips numbered 6, 11, 16, 21 and 26. Two chips, one from each box are drawn at random. ‘The numbers written on these chips are multiplied. The probability for the product to be an even number is_ (GATE-11fIN}) 6 2 3 19 @>5 Os ©; OF 67. It is estimated that the average number of events during a year is three. What is the probability of occurrence of not more than two events over a two-year duration? ‘Assume that the number of events follow a poisson distribution. (GATE - 11[PI)) (a) 0.052 (b) 0.062 (0.072 (6) 0.082 68. An unbiased coin is tossed five times. The ‘outcome of each loss is either a head or a tail. Probability of getting at least one head is (GATE - 11[ME}) B 16 31 O27 OF OF (a) x 69. There are two containers with one containing 4 red and 3 green balls and the other containing 3 blue balls and 4 green balls. One ball is drawn at random from cach container. The probability that one of the balls is red and the other is blue will be. (GATE - 11[CE}) 1 9 2 3 @> OG OF @ 7 70, It two fair coins are flipped and at least one of the outcomes is known to be a head, what is the probability that both outcomes are heads? (GATE - 11[CS}) 1 1 1 2 @; OZ @; > 71. If the difference between the expectation of the square of a random variable [£(X7)] and the square of the expectation of the random variable [£(X)J is denoted by R, then, (GATE - 11[CS)) B. 74. 15. 16. (@R-0 (R20 () RO . Consider a finite sequence of random values X= {tty be the mean and o, be the standard deviation of X. Let another finite sequence Y of equal length be derived from this y,=axx,+b, where a and b are positive constants. Let j1,be the mean and 0, be the standard deviation of this sequence. Which one of the following statements is incorrect? (GATE - 11{CS)) {@) Index position of mode of X in X is the same as the index position of mode of Y inY. (©) Index position of median of X in X is the same as the index position of median of Y in Y. On, = aH, +b @ 0, =00,+5 ‘Two independent random variables X and ‘Y are uniformly distributed in the interval [1,1]. The probability that max{X, ¥] is less than 1/2 is (GATE - 12{EC, EE, IN}) (3/4 (b) 9/16 (4 23 ‘A fair coin is tossed till a head appears for the first time. The probability that the ‘number of required tosses is odd, is (GATE - 12[EC, EE, IN) @1B 2 ©23 Ws ‘A box contains 4 red balls and 6 black balls. Three balls are selected randomly from the box one after another, without replacement. The probability ‘that the selected set contains one red ball and two black balls is. (GATE - 12[ME, PI) (@120 W112 (~)3N0— @% ‘An automobile plant contracted to buy shock absorbers from two suppliers X and Y. X supplies 60% and Y supplies 40% of the shock absorbers. All shock absorbers are subjected to a quality test, The ones that {8 Eger Pens an FACE ng nny ohad a Bnrar ymds Bsr & Patan (Capris Rerd)34 ENGINEERING pass the quality test are considered reliable. OFX’ s shock absorbers, 96% are reliable. OFY” s shock absorbers, 72% are reliable The probability that a randomly choosen shock absorber, which is found to reliable, ismade by Y is (GATE - 12(ME, PI]) (a) 0.288 (b) 0.334 (©)0.667 (0.720 77. The annual precipitation data of a city is normally distributed with mean and standard deviation as 1000mm and 200 ‘mm, respectively. The probability that the annual precipitation will be more than 1200 mm is (GATE - 12[CE}) (@)<50% (b) 50% (c) 75% (d) 100% 78. In an experiment, positive and negative values are equally likely to occur. The probability of obtaining at most one negative value in five trials is (GATE - 12{CE) 3 6 © 2 @ cy 2 O35 1 5 79. A continuous random variable X has a probability density function fix) =e™*,0 1} is (GATE - 2013)EE, IN}) (0) 0.5 (@1.0 (a) 0.368 (©) 0.632 80. Let U and V be two independent zero ‘mean Gaussian random variables of variances i and ; respectively. The probability P3V > 2U) is (GATE - 2013[EC)) 23 @59 |. Consider two identically distributed zero- ‘mean random variables U and V. Let the cumulative distribution functions of U and 2V be F(x) and G(x) respectively. Then, for all values of x (GATE - 2013[EC)) (@) F(x) G(x) < 0 (b) F(x) - Gx) 20 (©) (FO) - GOO). s 0 @) FX) —G&X)).x 2 0 (@) 4/9 () 1/2 8 HEMATICS ACE 82. Let X be a normal random variable with mean 1 and variance 4, The probability PEX<0} is (GATE - 2013[ME}) @os (b) greater than zero and less than 0.5 (©) greater than 0.5 and less than 1.0 @ 10 83. The probability that a student knows the correct answer to a multiple choice question is 2 ifthe student does not know the answer, then the student guesses the answer. The probability of the guessed answer being comect is. Given thatthe student has answered the question correctly, the conditional probability that the student knows the correct answer is (GATE - 2013[ME}) 2 3 3 8 © eae) @> OF 84, Find the value of . such that the function (x) is a valid probability density function FQX)=A(x-1)(2-x) forlsxs2 =0 otherwise (GATE ~ 2013[CE}) 85. Suppose p is the number of cars per minute passing through a certain road junction between 5PM and 6 PM, and p has a Poisson distribution with mean 3. what is the probability of observing fewer than 3 ccars during any given minute in this interval? (GATE - 2013{CS)) (A) 8/2") (B) 91020") (C) 17/2e*) (D) 26/(2e") {ACE Emerg Poin hat ACE gene-relatedNumerical Methods on. impson’s rule for integration gives exact result when f{x) is a polynomial degree (GATE - 1993{ME}) @1 2 ©3 @4 02. Given the differential equation y' = x - y with initial condition »(0) = 0. The value of (0.1) calculated numerically upto the third place of decimal by the 2 order Runge- Kutta method with step size h= 0.1 is (GATE - 1993[ME)) 03. ‘Back ward Euler method for solving the differential equation 2 = fe, ») is specified by (GATE - 1994(CS) (2) Yet = Yat h Atm Yn) (0) Yt = Yn Alinsis Yoo) (©) Yn = Yat t 2h fxm Yn) (A) yas = (1+ A) finer, Yar) 04, In the interval [0, 1] the equation x = cos x has (GATE - 1995(CS)) (@)No solution (b) Exactly one solution (©) Exactly 2 solutions (@ An infinite number of solutions 05. The iteration formula to find the square root of a positive real number by using the Newton-Raphson method is (GATE - 1995{CS) _ 3x, +8) x wmtd @ = OM Oe @None a+b 06. Let fx) =x cos x. Using Newton- Raphson method at the (n+ 1)" iteration, the point x»u1 is computed from xy as (GATE - 1995) 07. The formula used to compute an approximation for the second derivative of a function fat a point - is (GATE - 1996(CS)) ( Aleathbe Seah) 2 oy) LeetH=se0-M) 7h (o {leet t+ 2fl60)+ Flea —H) hi Ley +h)-2f(%9)+ fe —h) @ ie 08. The Newton-Raphson iteration formula for finding Ve, where c > 0 is, (GATE - 1996{CS}) OD ya 3x3 09. The Newton — Raphson method is used to find the root of the equation x" 2. If the iterations are started from —1, then the iteration will (GATE - 1997{CS)) (@) converge to-1 __(b) converge to V2 (©) converge to — V2 (d) not converge 10. The order of error in the simpson’s rule for numerical integration with a step size is (GATE - 1997[ME}) @h oF or @ a : 1 1 thee of de compid wine simpson’s rule with a step size of h=0.25 is (GATE - 1998(EE)) (a) 0.69430 (b) 0.69385 (©) 0.69325 @o.6o415 tng oii tf ACE Ee hele Da bore oa are eaten Crh Rene)36 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS ACE Es 12, The Newton — Raphson method is to be used to find the root of the equation and S'()is the derivative of f The method converges (GATE - 1999{CS)) (2) always (b) only iffis « polynomial (©)only if x0) <0 @ none of the above 13, The trapezoidal rule for integration give exact result when the integrand is a polynomial of degree (GATE - 2002(CS}) (@) but not 1 (b) 1 but not 0 ()0(or) 1 @2 14, Give a > 0, we wish to calculate its reciprocal value 1 by using Newton a ‘Raphson method for ffx) = 0. For a= 7 and starting with x = 0.2 the first two iteration will be (GATE - 2005{CE]) (@)0.11, 0.1299 (b)0.12, 0.1392 (©)0.12, 0.1416 (4) 0.13, 0.1428 15. Given a > 0, we wish to caleulate it reciprocal value 1 by using Newton - a Raphson method for ffx) = 0. The Newton Raphson algorithm for the function will be (GATE - 2005{CE}) I a woneet(oet) ay ©) en FHF 3% 2 © a= 2x - ar} Lie | (d) Xe = % “3% 16, Starting from x= 1, one step of Newton — Raphson method in solving the equation x +3x—7=0 gives the next value x; as (GATE - 2005[ME}) @xu= (b) x1 = 1.406 (n= 15 @x=2 17. For solving algebraic and transcendental ‘equation which one of the following is used? (GATE - 2005|Pq)) (a) Coulomb's theorem (b) Newton ~ Raphson method (©) Euler's method (@) Stoke’s theorem 18, Newton ~ Raphson formula to find the roots of an equation flx) = 0 is given by (GATE - 2005(PI}) _ fl) ©) Fae =X ye) Xue = X_ fl 0) Xn = yi 4 FG) Ss, aC) @ x, 19. The real root of the equation xe* = 2 is evaluated using Newton ~ Raphson’s ‘method. If the first approximation of the value of x is 0.8679, the 2" approximation of the value of x correct to three decimal places is (GATE - 2005(PT)) (a) 0.865 (b) 0.853 (©) 0.849 ©0838 20, Match the following and choose the ‘correct combination (GATE - 2005[EC}) Group -1 E. Newton - Raphson method F. Runge-Kutta method G. Simpson’s Rule H. Gauss elimination Group — I (1) Solving non-linear equations (@) Solving linear simultaneous equations G) Solving ordinary differential equations (4) Numerical integration method (5) Interpolation (6) Calculation of eigen values (@E-6, F-1, G-5, H-3 (Q)E-1, F-6, G-4, @E-1, F-3, 6-4, (@E-5, F-3, G- ACE Eng abo ha of ACE og, aon =i ih Boer Me age Yhap) Ch Raed)NUMERICAL METHODS. 37 OS 21. The polynomial p(x) =2°+x+2 has (GATE - 2007[1N)) (all real roots (b) 3 real and 2 complex roots (6) 1 real and 4 complex roots {@) all complex roots dentify the Newton ~ Raphson iteration scheme for the finding the square root of 2 (GATE - 2007[IN]) ©) Xan = 2+x, @) Xn = fn 23. Given that one root of the equation x° ~ 10x? + 31x ~30 = 0 is 5 then other roots are (GATE - 2007{CE)) (b)2and4 (@-2and-3 (a)2 and 3 (o)3 and 4 24. The following equation needs to be numerically solved using the Newton ~ Raphson method x° + 4x -9= 0. The iterative equation for this purpose is (Kindicates the iteration level) (GATE - 2007{CE]) 3x49 ©) uo 4xp +3 9x +2 Matching exercise choose the correct one out ofthe alternatives A, B,C, D (GATE - 2007[PT)) 2xh+9 ytd @) ea © Ma =H 344 @O Hea 25, Group P. 2™ order differential equations Q. Non-linear algebraic equations R. Linear algebraic equations §. Numerical integration Group — Il (1) Runge — Kutta method (2) Newton - Raphson method (3) Gauss Elimination (4) Simpson's Rule (@P-3, Q-2, R-4, (b)P-2, Q-4, R-3 ©P-1, Q-2, R-3, @P-1, Q-3, R-2, s- s- s- s bane 26. The equation x° - x*+ 4x—4 =O is to be solved using the Newton ~ Raphson method. If x= 2 taken as the initial approximation of the sotution then the next approximation using this method, will be (GATE - 2007{EC)) @28 43 ©l @32 20. Equation e* ~1= 0 is required to be solved using Newton’s method with an initial ‘guess x =—I. Then after one step of ‘Newton's method estimate x, of the solution will be given by (GATE - 2008(EE]) (©) 0.36784 (0.0000 (@) 0.71828 (©) 0.20587 28,_Itis knowa that two roots of the non- linear equation x° — 6x"+ 11x-6=Oare | and 3. The third root will be (GATE - 20081N}) @-j ©2 @4 29. The recursion relation to solve x=e™* using Newton ~ Raphson method is (GATE - 2008{EC)) @s 30. If the interval of integration is divided into ‘two equal intervals of width 1.0, the value of the definite integral fest de using simpson’s one ~ third rule willbe (GATE - 2008) (05 (6)0.80 (1.00 (4) 0.29 Ak ngnrig Psi tf C8 Ee Ack =H Db, Make Pod eg han) Car Rone38 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS ACE CE, 31. The Newton — Raphson iteration 1f R nai =5| %+— | can be used to 2, compute the (GATE - 2008(CS}) (@) square of R_(b) reciprocal of R (© square root of R (d) logarithm of R & in 32. A differential equation [>= e™™ u() has to be solved using trapezoidal rule of integration with a step size h = 0.01 sec. Function u(t) indicates a unit step function, If.x(0) = 0 then the value of x at = 0.01see will be gi (GATE - 2008(EE}) (@) 0.00099 (b) 0.00495 (©) 0.0099 (2) 0.0198 33, Let x? 117=0, The iterative steps for the solution using Newton ~ Raphson’s method is given by (GATE ~ 2009{EE)) 34. During the numerical solution of a first order differential equation using the Euler (also known as Euler Cauchy) method with step size h, the local truncation error is of the order of (GATE - 2009[P1)) OF OR OR @ 38. The area under the curve shown between x= 1 and x = 5 is to be evaluated using the trapezoidal rule. The following points on the curve are given (GATE - 2009) Point | *—°00rdinate | y—coordir a ee a) T 1 1 2 2 4 3 3 9 ‘The evaluated area (in m*) will be @7 867 | = @IB 36. Consider a differential equation de) ak 0) = 0. Using Euler's first order method witha step size of 0.1 then the value of y ~ (a) =x with initial condition (0.3)is (GATE - 2010/EC) @o.01 (b) 0.031 (©) 0.0631 @o1 37. Newton - Raphson method is used to compute a root of the equation x* ~ 13 = 0 with 3.5 as the initial value, The approximation after one iteration is (GATE - 2010|CS)) (0) 3.677 (3.607 (a) 3.575 (©) 3.667 38. The following algorithm computes the 4 integral J= [ f(x) de from the given values J = Aas) at equidistant points x9 =a, x; = 39 Xo+ 2h, . thy ++ Xam = Xo + 2m 5= 21s +445) +2669] ‘The rule of numerical integration, which uses the above algorithm is, (GATE - 2010[PI)) (@)Rectangle rule (b) Trapezoidal rule (©) Four—point rule (4) Simpson's rule 408 Sgr Pa (At ACE enone Da, Perera uplne Ptunon Crib NeedACE NUMERICAL METHODS 39 ES 39. The table below gives values of a function (Gq) obtained for values of x at intervals of 0.25 (GATE - 2010[CE)) (x [0 [025 [050075 1 | [Fe [1 [osa2 | 08 [0.64 105] ‘The value of the integral of the function between the limits 0 to 1, using Simpson's rule is (a) 0.7854 (b) 2.3562 (3.1416 (4) 7.5000 40. A numerical solution of the equation f(x)=x+Vx-3=0 can be obtained using ‘Newton ~ Raphson method. Ifthe starting vvalue is x= 2 for the iteration then the ‘value of» that is to be used in the next step is (GATE - 2011[EC), (20306 (b)0.739 (¢) 1.694 (€) 2.306 41. The square root of a number N is to be obtained by applying the Newton — Raphson iteration to the equation X—N=0. If i denotes the iteration index, the correct iterative scheme will be (GATE - 2011{CE)) 42. The integral ft dx when evaluated by using simpson’s 1/3 rule on two equal sub intervals each of length 1, equals to (GATE - 2011[ME}) (&) 1.008 (@ 1.120 (@) 1.000 @ 11 43. Solution, the variable x, and x2 for the following equations is to be obtained by employing the Newton ~ Raphson iteration method (GATE - 2011[EE}) equation (i) 10 x2 sin xy ~ 0. 10 x3 ~10.x2 cos x1 - 0.6 ‘Assuming the inital values x; = 0.0 and x2 10 the Jacobian matrix is 10 -08 10 0 off “tl of wa 0 -08 10 0 a) [i | © [io Sal The estimate of f° obtained using os* Simpson’s rule with three-point fonction ‘evaluation exceeds the exact value by (GATE - 2012(CE}) (@) 0.235 (b) 0.068 (©) 0.024 (0.012 ‘45, Match the CORRECT pairs. ‘Numerical Onder of Fiting Integration Scheme | Polynomial | P._ Simpson's 3/8 | I. Fist Rule Q.Trapezoidal | 2, Second Rule R. Simpson's 13 | 3. Third Rule (GATE — 2013[ME}) (&) P-3.Q2, R-l (@P-3, Q1,R2 (a) P-2, 1, R-3 ©PAQ2R3 46. There is no value of x that can simultaneously satisfy both the given ‘equations. Therefore, find the ‘least squares error’ solution to the two equations, ie, find the value of x that minimizes the sum of squares of the errors in the two equations (GATE - 2013{CE}) Ac npg Pato (hf ACE Eg Aca Det Baer Poon age Pte) (api Red40 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS 47. Find the magnitude of the error (correct to ‘wo decimal places) in the estimation of following integral using Simpson's ; Rule, Take the step length as | fl&* +10)ax (GATE - 2013{CE)) ACE 48. Function fis known at the following points: x_| Ax), [o To 0.3 | 0.09 0.6 | 036 0.9 [0.81 12/144 15 [2.25 | 21/441 2415.76 2.77.29 3.0 [9.00 The value of ‘{f(x)dx computed using the trapezoidal rule is (GATE-2013(CS)) (a) 8.983, (b) 9.003, (©) 9.017 (9.045 ACE ning aso ACE gmk Hpk Da Bere gle &Veteion (Crh Red)Complex Variables O1. ‘The real part of the complex number z=x+iyis given by (GATE - 1994[IN) (@)Re(z)=z-z* — (b) Re(@) z @Re@= E> @Re@=z+2 02. cos 6 can be represented as (GATE - 1994[IN}) Hee et+e* () oy i = 03. i!, where i= /1 is given by (GATE — 1996[ME]) wer OF 1 04. The complex number z = x + jy which satisfy the equation |z + 1 lie on (GATE - 1997[IN]) (a) a circle with (1, 0) as the centre and radius 1 (b) a circle with (-1, 0) as the centre and radius 1 (y-axis (@) x-axis @0 05. eis a periodic with a period of (GATE - 1997{CE]) @2x (2 @x Ain 06. The bilinear transformation w = =—t (GATE - 2002{1N)) (@) maps the inside ofthe uit circle in the ‘plane tothe left half of the w— plane (b) maps the outside the unt circle in the zplane tothe left half of the w ~ plane (©) maps the inside of the unit circle inthe 7-plane to right half of the w ~ plane (@ maps the outside ofthe unt circle in the 7 plane to the right half of the w — plane 07. Which one of the following is Not true for the complex numbers z; and 22? (GATE - 2005[CE)) (©) fer +24] <2] + al (©) fa, +21 | fl lea] (@) +2.) + 08. Consider likely applicability of Cauchy's Integral theorem to evaluate the following integral counter clock wise around the unit circle C I= fseez dz, z beings complex variable. The value of I will be (GATE - 2005[CE)) (a)I=0; Singularities set= @ (b) I= 0; Singularities va {e Ged a n=O (I= % ; Singularities set= {4 an;n (@ None of the above. ---} 09. Consider the circle |z~5—Si|=2 in the complex number plane (x,y) with z= x+y. ‘The minimum distance from the origin to the circle is (GATE - 2005{IN]) (a) ¥2-2 (b) 54 © 34 @ 52 10. Letz’ = @ , where z is a complex number not equal to zero. Then z is a solution of (GATE - 2005{IN}) wert @2=1 @z=1 tring bon ACE Ee An - yeh DON, baer Mine ir pana (Cri Rare)42 ENGINEERNG MATHEMATICS LL. The function w = u + iv = Vo tos (x? +y*)+ i tant %) isnot analytic at the point. (GATE — 2005|P1]) @O ©) O.1) 00 M@Q,a) 12. The of the value contour integral 1 a i Fag & inthe positive sense is (GATE - 2006|EC}) in ae © am “2 qr= wet @ 2 0) 7 & ) 2 (@) 2 13. For the function of a complex variable w = Inz (where w = u + jv and z= x + jy) the 1u= constant lines gei mapped in the z~ plane as (GATE ~ 2006[EC) (@) set of radial straight lines (b) set of concentric circles (©) set of confocal hyperbolas (@ set of confocal ellipses 14, Using Cauchy's integral theorem, the value of the integral (integration being taken in contour clock wise direction) [Eo a is where Cisiz/=1 (GATE - 2006|CE}) @ 7-4 &) Foon 81 an OF wl 15, Letj= V1. Then one value of jis (GATE - 200711N}) @ v3 @)-1 oy @e% 16. For the function "4 of a complex z variable z, the point 2 = 0 is (GATE - 20071IN)) (@) a pole of order 3 (b) a pole of order 2 (©)apole of order 1 @ not a singularity ACE 17. Potential function ¢ is given as @ =x? + y*, ‘What will be the stream function y with the condition y =Oatx=0, y= 02 (GATE - 2007|CE)) x+y (a) 2xy (@2x (x+y 18. 1f4 (x,y) and y (xy) are functions with continuous 2" derivatives then 4$(%.y) +i y (xy) can be expressed as an analytic function of x +iy (i= V1) when (GATE — 2007(ME]) 34 _ dw 99 _ ow ox "Ox? ay ~ ay (by S62, 26. ow dy dx’ dx dy ca) (©) ax? * ay? @ Wao + ax dy dx dy 19. If complex number z= Bait then 24 is (GATE — 2007[P1]) ee (@)2 V2+2i ® ->H > Bit @ 84 OF Oenls 20. The value of {1 — de where Cis the fay contour f= 1 i (GATE - 20071EC) (2ni ox (oan (2) @ nitan z 4 Errington ACE gs Sony rk Da Baer Pema age Papin (Crh Rand)ACE ‘COMPLEX VARIABLES 43 21. If the semi - circular contour D of radius 2 is as shown in the figure. Then the value of 1 integral weineeal (ot is (GATE - 20071EC), @ix % ix *Dyo @-« ° @r ? 22. The value ofthe expression —>*i10 344i (GATE - 2008(P1)) @ 1-21 (1424 @2-i (@24i 23, The residue ofthe function f= —} atz=2is (z+2¥' (2-2) (GATE — 2008[EC]) oY OMe ON Oh The integral 4f(2) dz evaluated around the unit circle on the complex plane for 24, gzy- S82 is (GATE-2008[ME}) @2ni @4ni ()-2 ni (do 25. The equation Sin (z) = 10 has (GATE - 2008[EC)) (a) no real (or) complex solution (b) exactly two distinct complex solutions. (©) a unique solution (@) an infinite number of complex solutions. 26. A complex variable z = x + j (0.1) has its real part x varying in the range ~ s to =. Which one of the following is the locus (shown in thick lines) of + in the complex z residue of X(2) 2" at z= a for n 2 0 will be (GATE - 2008[EE)) @at oa" ©nae @ nat (GATE - 2009{CE}) (b) 1 andi (@iand-i (@) Land-1 (©) Land=i dz where Cis a closed curve given by j=1 is (GATE - 2009{CE}) xi (a)-ni Oy 2ri ; oe @ri A nig sc tf CE Ege Ady Da, Mahe Mon Baer haan Care Rene plane? (GATE - 2008{IN)) @ ) i reas Be netne — -j10 -j10 © @ bs Rea aig i nae NT 03 =105 27. Given X(2) = wy with |z| >a, the32. 33, 34, 35, 36. . Hf fi2)=Co+ Ci 2-"then f 14/0 is given (GATE - 2009[EC)) @2nC (b)2 2 (14+C,) ©2njC — @2nj(+C,) |. IEZ=x+jy where x,y are real then the value of |e’*| is (GATE ~ 2009[IN]) @1 mr © @er ‘One of the roots of equation x’ Jis the +ve square root of — 1 is (GATE - 2009]1N}) The value of {5 dz, where the as contour of the integration is a simple closed curve around the origin is (GATE - 2009{1N}) @o ()2 nj 1 O« On An analytic function of a complex variable 2=x+iy is expressed as A(z) = u(x,y) + iv (xy) where i= V1. If xy then the expression for v should be (GATE — 2009[ME]) 7 @ cor +k ox +k @ aor +k ‘The product of complex numbers (3-21) & (+i 4) results in (GATE - 2009[PT}) @1+6 (0) 9-81 948i @17+i6 Tf {x + iy) =x? - 3xy' +i (%y) where 37. 38, 39, 40. 41 ENGINEERNG MATHEMATICS ACE Se i= JT and f(x +i) is an analytic function then 4 (x, y) is (GATE - 2010/P1)) fy -3x2y 3x" yy (xt-4ny @xy-y¥ ‘The modulus of the complex number 344i Ta ® (GATE - 2010{CE}) @s (b) V5 L 1 Ox Or Ifa complex number w satisfies the equation @ =1 then the value of leo+t is (GATE - 2010[P1) o @o 1 2 (@4 The contour C in the adjoining figure is described by x’ + y= 16. Then the value 248 of & fos 2-3) j (GATE - 2010{IN}) O)2xj @-4nj @ -2nj (©4nj ‘The residues of a complex function X(z) = 1-22 exp Gay Mit Poes (GATE - 2010[EC}) teal eure Oo-3 ae sobs oe The value of the integral fees tra when C is the circle [z|=1 is given by (GATE - 2011[EC)}) © Ko @o O% @i ACE Engng ain At ACE nny reek al Baer inde egret Capri haw)ACE (COMPLEX VARIABLES 45 42. The contour integral fe” dz with C as the counter clock — wise unit circle in the z~plane is equal to. (GATE - 2011[IN}) (@)o (o) 2 @2nvl @« 43. ‘The product of two complex numbers 1+i&2-Siis (GATE-2011[ME)) (@)7-3i (b) 3-41 (@-3-4i (743i 44. For an analytic function Ax+ iy) =uey) +i voy) » wis given by un 3x?. 3y?, The expression for v, considering k is to be constant is (GATE - 2011[CE) (b) 6x 6y +k (@ 6xy+k @3y-3x +k (©6y-6x+k 45, The value of f—7— dz, using cauchy’s ea integral around the circle |2-+1|=1 where (GATE — 2011[PI)) we @ ei zextiyis (@2ni @ 3% 46, A point z has been plotted in the complex plane as shown in the figure below (GATE -2011[EE)) Jy eo it circle Re ‘The plot of the complex number w= 1/2 = ) Ja uniteirle R R © hf “unit circle, © 7 unit circle R % ” 47. If x =J=1, then the value of x* is 48, (GATE - 2012{EC, EE, IN]) we @ . 12 Given f(@=--—2. OT 243 counterclockwise path in the 2-plane such that + I = 1, the value of 1 Ini ffeoae is (GATE - 2012[EC, EE, IN) )-1 @2 @ew x If C isa @-2 1 49, Square roots of ~i, where i= V=1, are 50. (GATE - 2013{EE}) @i-i dz evaluated anticlockwise around the circular fz-i] =2, where i= y—1, is (GATE - 2013[EE}) () 2+n ()2+2 @-+ 0 48 njourig Pst fC Ees Ake Di, ae Moe Str gaan (Capri Rowe)Laplace Transforms Ol. The laplace transform of the periodic function f() described by the curve below ice. At) = [sint, if 20-1) x (GATE-95 (IND 07. 08, 10. 12, As+1) HEL (RO) = Fey then 0") and fl) are given by (GATE - 1995[EC}) (@) 0, 2 respectively (b) 2, O respectively (©)0, l respectively (d) 200 respectively Using Laplace transform, solve the initial value problem 9y'! — 6y' + y=0 ‘y(0) = 3 and y'(0) = 1, where prime denotes derivative with respect tot. (GATE - 96) The inverse laplace transform of the s+5 function G+H6+3) (GATE - 1996 [EC)) (b)2et+e™ @et+2e" (@e*-26* ‘The laplace transform of e* cos a t is equal (GATE - 1997[EC]) sta Caja? 1 (d) Ne Ome (@None Solve the initial value problem #y ax s =7atx=0 using the laplace 4 22.43y 20 with y=3 and dx transform technique? (GATE - 97[ME}) ‘The Laplace Transform of a unit step function u,(t), defined as © (GATE -98) u(t)=0 forta, Ose @se*-1 @esss ©s-u0) ACE tng ston ACE Bg Anny Da, Bees Pena gi kPa (Cpr Red)ACE LAPLACE TRANSFORMS. 47 OES 13. (s+ 1)? is the Laplace transform of (GATE -98) @F OF We* te" ” tL {f@}= For hem the value of Lim f() = __ (GATE - 98{EC]) (@) cannot be determined (b) zero (©) unity (4) Infinite 15. The laplace transform of (f° 2t) u(t— 1) is (GATE - 98 [EE)) A 2 yw Dee Se" ~Se © ae * (d) None 16. If L{f@)}=F(S) then L{f(1-7)} is equal to (GATE - 99 {EC}) (@e"F) We" FS) off o£ -e l-e 17. The Laplace transform of the function A =k 0n (@1/(1 +8) foralls> 0 (b) 1/ (1 +5?) forall s< x (1. +e™)/(1 +8?) forall s>0 (@e*/ (14s) forall s>0 2. Using Laplace transforms, solve (d’y/ dt’) + 4y = 12t given that y=0 and dy/dt =9 att =0 (GATE - 02) 2 Let ¥(s) be the laplace transform of function y(t), then the final value of the function is (GATE -02{EE) @ LimY) (&) LimY(s) © LimsY@) (@) Lims ¥(6) “sc ngneig ios tof ACE Eng scney=Hpbbe Det Deen Yona ages 8 Maan Cpr Reed25. IL denotes the laplace transform of a function, L{sin at} will be equal to (GATE - 03{CE)) Os, © s sta? 26, The laplace transform of i(t is given by 19) = —2— Ast oo, the value of it) x5) tendsto_— (GATE. 03]Ec) (a0 or ©2 @= 27. A delayed unit step function is defined as 0, a+2 — (o)Re(s)>a+7 (©Re(s)<2 @Re()>a+5 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS ACE Sees A, 31. ‘The Dirac delta Function &(t) is defined as (GATE - 05(EC)) 1 t=0 0 otherwise @3Q= { Oso '=0 and Jeoanr ‘otherwise © 80 f6. roe and roan 0 “eer 32. Consider the function fit) having laplace transform F(s)= —“-, Re(s) >0. The Fay final value of f(t) would be__ (GATE - 061EC)) (@o (o)1 ©-Isto) 0 then the convohion 20) = 0 yo) is (GATE’11) @et-e* we oet @etre™ 2s+1) 43, IEEG)=L(RO} = Gg then the initial and final values of f(¢) are tively (GATE’11) (90,2 (0) 2,0 2 2 ©o> @ 7, o 4, Given f(t) and g() as shown below A) a(t) can be expressed as (GATE - LI[EE]) a ="5-9) =t(20- =e(t-3 @x-t(2-3) ao (4-3) Gi) The laplace transform of g(t) is @ter-] © Sfew—e] i] If x{n) = (1/3)"-(/2)*ufn), then the region of convergence (ROC) of its Z- ‘transform in the Z-plane will be (GATE - 12{EC, EE, IN]) w daze} @) a(t) = f(2t-3) ae] wie @zic3 © F them the lower and upper bounds of f{1) estimated by the mean value theorem are (GATE -95) (19,22 (b)2.2,2.25 (©)2.25,2.5 (d) None of the above 19, If a function is continuous at a point its first derivative (GATE -96) (2) may or may not exist (b) exists always (© will not exist (@ has a unique value 20. What is the maximum value of the function f(x)=2x?-2x+6 in the interval (0,2]? (GATE -97ICS) @6 MW C2 ~wss 21. Area bounded by the curve y= x? and the lines x= 4 and y = 0 is given by . (GATE - 97) 64. 128 (4 128 OH OF OF OD 22, The curve given by the equation ty? =3ay is (GATE-97) (2) Symmetrical about x-axis (b) Symmetrical about y-axis (c) Symmetrical about the line y= x (d) Tangential to x= y= a/3 mo fe ani G0 a” Where m is an integer, is one of the following: (GATE-97) (@m ()mx (m0 I 23 for x <0 and y =x for x20 (GATE-97) IY ai (a) Sis discont tx=0 is discontinuous atx (b) yi discontinuous at (©) y is not defined at x (@) Both y and % are discontinuous a x-0 25. If o(x) _ (GATE-97) @2x? vx 0 (aI 26, Find the points of local maxima and minima if any of the following function defined in 05x56, x°-6x7+9x415. (GATE -98[CS)) 27. The infinite series le daien (GATE -98{CE)) (b) Diverges (@ Unstable (@) Converges (©) Oscilllates ACen Pon ht ofA dened Deb Samer Fone Bg cane) (pig eedACE CALCU! 28. The continuous function f(x, y) is said to have saddle point at (a,b) if (GATE-98) @) fe (@, b)= fy (@, b)=0 £2 ff, <0 at (a,b) () £,(0,b)=0, £,(a,b)=9, £3, —ff,, >0 at (a,b) (©) £,(a,b)=0, f, (a,b)=0, f,, and fj, <0 at (a,b) (@) £,(a,b)=0, £,(a,b)=0, £2, ff, =0 at (a,b) 29. The taylor’s series expansion of sin x cane 98) 30. A discontinuous real function can be cpressed as (GATE-98) (a) Taylor's series and Fourier’ series (b) Taylor's series and not by Fourier’s series (©) neither Taylor's series nor Fourier’s series (@not by Taylor’s series, but by Fourier’s series 31. Number of inflection points forthe curve yaxt2xtis__ GATE-99(CE), @3 O11 On @arly ' ty 32, The infinite series xe > aml (GATE -99{CE)) (@)Converges —_—_-(b) Diverges (©isunstable —_—_(@) Oscillate -_ (GATE -99{IND x3010 I-e* @0 11 (OS @1 34, Limit of the function, , Lit is (GATE -99) @% wo ©» @1 35. The function f{x)=e*is___ (GATE - 99) (@) Even () odd (©) Neither even nor odd (a) None Ati iain ACE Any rer Da 36. Value of the function Lim(x~a)**is (GATE -99) @1 0 ©e Wa ‘The Taylor series expansion of sin x about = 7 isgivenby (GATE -2000[CE}) ® 8. % 38. [site +y)ix dy (GATE - 2000) @0 wx O©% @2 39, Limit of the function as x» ovis given by (GATE -2000) @1 me @©x do 40. If fx, y, z) ary zt 2 oe is equal to__ (GATE - 2000) @0 Wl ©2 Ws +y' +2)* 41. Consider, the following __ integral Lim eta _ (GATE - 2000) (@) diverges (b) converges to 1/3 (converges to ~ J, (conver 00 42. Limit of the following series as x approaches 3 for Zt a F (GATE - 01[CE]) @X oF ©F w etre Tod Rage &Ytaaan) (Capra Reed(GATE - 01[IN]) @o wF oO @2 % 44, The value of the integral is T= foos* x ax (GATE -01) x1 21 Oete WEG art =n Opa OFF 45. The following function has local minima at which value of x, f(x) =xV5—x* (GATE - 02{CE)) oF oO © £ @- £ 46. Limit of the following sequence as n-» <0 is, x, =n" @0 1 Me 47. Which of the following functions is not differentiable in the domain [-1, 1] ? (GATE -02) (GATE - 02{CE}) @-0 @ f&)=x? © t6 © tx)=2 48. The value of the following definite integral % in i Sin2x dx = (GATE -02) (@)-2log 2 (2 @o (@ None 49. The value of the following improper integral is [x logx dx=__ (GATE-02) @% 0 @-% wi ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS ACE ee CE 50. The function f(x, y) = 2x7 + 2xy-- y? has (GATE -02) (a) Only one stationary point at (0, 0) (b) Two stationary points at (0, 0) and (Y%,~ 4) (©) Two stationary points at(0,0) and (1,-1) (@) no stationary point sl. Lin Sit"s 5 (GATE~03) @0 we 1 M1 52, The area enclosed between the parabola y=x? and the straight line y =x is, (GATE - 04) OL O%OKwWY 53. 1fx = a(0+Sin®) and y=a(1-Cosd) then we TE -| aaa (GATE - 04) (@) Sin 9% ©) Cos 9% (© Tan @ Cr 54, The volume of an object expressed in spherical co-ordinates is given by V= ‘The Sing drdg d6. The value of the integral O% O% 02% ‘55. The value of the function, ex? = Li TE Se)= Lin 5" is__(GATE -04) (GATE - 04) O% =1 1 @0 OF OF @e $6. The function f(x)=2x?~3x?—36x+42 has its maxima at (GATE - 04) (@)x=-2only (b)x=Oonly (©)x=3only — (d) both x =-2 and x =3 408 Earn Pets a of AE gs, edo Det Nato Wwe Bes Patho) (CipherACE CS 37. {fins x+sin” x}dx is equal to : (GATE - 0S{ME)) @ 2fsin'x dx (b) 2{sin’x dx © ain’ +Sin’x)dx (@) zero 58. For the function f(x)=x7e*, the ‘maximum occurs when x is equal to (GATE - 05{EE}) @2 1 © @-l 59. The value ofthe integral [1 dxis (GATE - 0S{IN), (b) does not exists @« (@2 ©2 60. The value of the integral Ine ae dis (GATE -0SEC) @! (@)2n @)x (2 61. Changing the order of integration in the double integral 1 = f fets.y)ay dx leads to I= ‘Sets. y)ay ‘dx, Whatisq? (GATE - 05) @4y )l6y? ©x Ws 62. By a change of variables x (u, v) = uv, vuv)=Y, in a double integral, the integral f(x, y) changes to f{ov,0%). Then (u,v) is__ (GATE - 05) @ ®2w ©v @1 63. If S = |x” dx then S has the value (GATE - 05{EE}) 64. 68. 0. . Consider the function f(x) = 1 O> @1 For real x, the maximum value of é oom (GATE - 07[1N}) We? Ox @l we real. Then the function f(x) at x= 0 is (GATE - 07{IN)) (2) continuous but not differentiable (once differentiable but not twice. (©) twice differentiable but not thrice. (@ thrice differentiable The minimum value of function y =x? in the interval [1, 5]is (GATE -07[ME}) @0 ()1_ (©)25 A) undefined & ( uk } Lim———3— += GATE - 07|ME]) = @o ®t @f @ It yexsyxtyxtver no then yQ)=—- (GATE - 07[ME]) (a)4(or)1 (b) 4 only (©) L only (d) Undefined ‘What isthe value of Lim re (GATE - 07{PI}) @2 0 (© -V2 (@ Limit does not exist ). For the function f(x, y) =x? — y’ defined ‘on R?, the point (0, 0) is (GATE -07(PI)) (@) a local minimum (b) Neither a local minimum (nor) a local maximum. (©) local maximum (@) Both a locaf minimum and a local ‘maximum, Ac ngnenrig isc sf CE Eg Ack pe Dth,Madeea Mod Beer than) Care Kermedmn l8/2) (GATE -o71EC) @) not defined 71, Lim: (os w1 @2 72. The following plot shows a function y Which varies linearly with x. The value of the integral I= h fydx (GATE -07{EC)) @I )25 @4 @S 73. For the function ©*, the approximation around x = 2 is (GATE - 07[EC]) @ @-xe* Ix © b+2V2-Q+vakb* @ e? linear 74, For |x|<< 1, cot h(x) can be approximated as (GATE - 07[EC)) @x ov © @t 75. Consider the function f(x)=x?-x-2. ‘The maximum value of f{x) in the closed interval [-4,4]is_ (GATE -07{EC)) (18 ) 10 (2.25 @ indeterminate 76. The value of There ” de dyis (GATE - 07ND) ve x or @F OF Oe 77. Consider the function f(x)= (x? 4} where x is a real number. Then the function has (GATE - 07(EE}) (2) Only one minimum ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS 8. 83, (b)Only two minima (©) Three minima @ Three maxima The integral JSin(t-1) cost dr 2 3 equals (@) Sintcost (GATE - 07[EE}) (0)0 1 1 © 5 cost @ 5 sine Lim x-Sinx _ 0 x+Cosx — een f@L (b)-1 @o @-0 . A point on the curve is said to be an extremum if it is a local minimum (or) a local maximum. The number of distinct extrema for the curve 3x*-16x"+24x7+37 is (GATE -08{CS}) @0 @I ©2 @3 The value of : Je-x-yaxdy is__ (GATE - 08[CS)) (@) 13.5 (b) 27.0 (©)40.5 (540 . Consider the shaded triangular region P shown in the figure. What is. {fxydx dy? y , (GATE-08[ME}) 1 2 OF OF 1 1 xetye2 OG @ x Given y=x?+2x+10 the value of | is equal to (GATE-O8{IN) @O &)4 (12 @I3 . Lim 2% ig (GATE-O8{IN}) (a) indeterminate (b)0 @1 @« ACE nig seit ACE gene Idd DBP age & Yt) Cope PwdACE CALCULUS. 57 _ 85. The expression e”** for x>0 is equal to (GATE-O8{IND, @« x ©xt @-x" 86. Consider the function y =x? -6x +9. The maximum value of y obtained when x varies over the interval 2 to 5 is (GATE-O8{IN}) @! 3 ©4 @9 87. For real values of x, the minimum value of function f(x) = e* + e*is(GATE-08{EC}) @2 1 ©o5 @O 88. Which of the following function would have only odd powers of x in its Taylor series expansion about the point x = 0? (GATE-08{EC]) @ sin(x?) ——_() sinlx*) (© cos(x?) (a) cos{x?) 89. In the Taylor series expansion of e*+sinx about the point x = 7, the coefficient of (x—x)' is (GATE-O8[EC]) @ec (b) 0.5 e* eH @er-l 90. The value of the integral of the function a(x, y) = 4x? + 10y* along the straight line segment from the point (0, 0) to the point (1, 2) in the xy-plane is. (GATE-08[EC)) @Bi O35 4 @56 91. In the Taylor series expansion of e* about the coefficient of (x—2)* is (GATE-98(ME}) 1 t of we Og OF OF" OF ” 92. The value of Lit is at x8 (GATE-08[ME}) 1 1 1 1 OG OD OZ OG is 93, Which of the following integrals is unbounded? (GATE-08[ME]) Fy ; (®) flanxdx ©) te © fete @ fo 94, The length of the curve y= 2 ‘between x=0&x=1is (GATE-08(ME]) (a) 0.27 (b) 0.67 @l (122 95. The value of the integral _[(x cos x)ax is 2 (GATE-08(PI)) @O @)r2 RA nHD 96. The value of the expression Lil #2] is (GATE-08|P1) 1 1 @o OF @l On 97. If (x, y) is continuous function defined over & y) € [0, 4 x [0, 1], Given two ‘constraints, x > y* and y > x’, the volume under fix, y) is (GATE - 09{EE)) of “Fitay)oay 0 bi Ferner oy? © J Jelydxdy@ J ffbcy)éxay 98. A parabolic cable is held between two supports at the same level. The horizontal span between the supports is L. ‘The sag at the mid-span is h. The equation Fa of the parabola is y=4h7>, the horizontal coordinate and y is the vertical coordinate with the origin at the centre of the cable. The expression for the total length of the cable is (GATE-10{CE}) where x is 408 Engrg tins ef CE Ege Anya, ane nant Sar & Yinthpman CprsRre)58 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS 99. The parabolic arc y = yx,l 109, Whats teva of Lin -1) 2 La (GATE-10|C5)) we? Me’ @1 of) 110. The Lim—\* is (ao (GATE-10[CE}) @2 m1 ©% w= 111. Given a function £(x,y)=4x? + 6y? -8x—4y+8, the optimal values of f(x, y) is (GATE-10[CE) ACE Daan Pty (han of ACE Bg. Aad Hrd Do bere ee Bangor throne) (pri ReedACE (@)a minimum equal to e (b) a maximum equal to x (©) a minimum equal to 5 (@ amaximum equal to & 112, The infinite series f(x)=x~, aces mri Converges to (GATE-10[ME]}) (2) cos (x) (sin (») (©) sin h(x), @e 113. The value of the integral Re (GATE-10{ME]) = x @- OF OF Wr 114, The function y = [2—3x] (GATE-10[ME}) (a) is continuous Vx €R and differentiable Vx eR (b) is continuous VxeR and differentiable Vx € R except at x=3 (©) is continuous Vx eR and differentiable Vx ¢ R except at x= 3 (@)is continuous Vx eR and except at x=3.and differentiable Vx eR 115. The integral Jos )osin()etevanates to 7 (GATE-10{1N)) @6 ©3 O15 0 116, What should be the value of 4 such that the function defined below is continuous at (GATE-11[CE) LUS 59 Acosx n pe) S@)=) 2 , ae @0 Hx Ol OF 117, What is the value of the definite integral (GATE-11[CE]) 1 ve [5 dx?” lieetemspes @o OF Os 2 118. A series expansion for the function sin (GATE-11[ME}) 119. If fx) is even function and a is a positive real number, then ffcodx equals __ (GATE-11[ME}) (a0 (bya (©) 2a @ 2 feeds 120, What is im Se equal to? (GATE-11IME) ©o @i @6 — (b)Sind 121. The series Ze i @ sie +2 2e"-$ if x=3 25,4 4.2 if x>3 Re +s oie -F fe if x=3 136. The solution for feos* 30sin’ 60.48 Siete (GATE - 2013|CE)) if xs3 if x>3 1 8 @0 wy Ol @5 AcE Egg bis ha FACE ghey - aba Di sm gps Str Meagan (Crh Rawr)Vector Calculus 1. Ifthe linear velocity V is given by V =x'y itxyz j—yz" then the angular velocity W at the point (1, 1,- 1)is__ (GATE-93) 02. The directional derivative of 0%, y) x’ + 3y" + 7° at point P 2, 1, 3) in the direction ofthe vector a =1~ 2kis, (GATE -94) airs (b)-4/ V5 (54 (@)-V5/4 03. If F is a differentiable vector function and J is sufficiently differentiable scalar function then curl (£7) _ (GATE-95{ME}) (@) (grad f)xV +(feurlV) (be) 0 (© fcul¥ — (d) (grad f)x7 04. The derivative of f(x, y) at point (1, 2) in the direction of vector i + j is 2V2 and in the direction of the vector ~2j is -3. Then the derivative of f(x, y) in direction ~i - 2) is (GATE - 95) (a) 2N2 + 3/2 (b)- 75 (6)-2N2-3/2 (@) UNS 05. The expression curl (grad) where fis a scalar function is (GATE-96[ME}) (@ Equal to Vf (b) Equal to div(grad f) (©A scalar of zero magnitude @ A vector of zero magnitude 06, The directional derivative of the function fix.y,2) = x + y at the point P(1,1,0) along the direction? +Fis (GATE - 96) @IN2 2 @-2 07. For the function = ax” y - y’ to represent the velocity potential of an ideal fluid, V6 should be equal to zero, In that case, the value of‘a' has tobe (GATE-99) @1 ©1 ©3 @3 08. A function with a period 2x is shown below. The Fourier series for this function isgivenby 0) 1 >, =r * a 2 an (GATE-2000{CE)) © fo=$4¥ 2 Sif cosm © f)=>, 2 (sintcosm © f= y+ 2 sin sinme @ s@)=> 2 Sin sinme 09. Given a vector field F, the div theorem states that (GATE-02(EE}) (9 fF.ds= |v. Fav (0) fF. de= fx Fav © fFxdi © frxas= 10. The directional derivative of the following function at (1, 2) in the direction of (4it3i)is: fl, y)=x?+y? — (GATE*02) @45 &)4 2/5 @I ACH Barring Pent A no ACE ene pead Del,Bsao Tren ag pan Crh RdACE VECTOR CALCULUS 63 11. The vector field F = xi — yj (where i and j are unit vectors) is (GATE"03) (a) divergence free, but not irrotational (b) irrotational, but not divergence free (© divergence free and irrotational (@) neither divergence free nor irrotational 12, Value of the integral fxydy— y"de, where, ¢ is the square cut from the first quadrant by the line x= I and y= 1 will be (Use Green’s theorem to change the line integral into double integral) (GATE’05) @12 1 ©32 Ws 13. The line integral {'V.dr of the vector function V(r) = 2xyzi + x? zj + x? yk from the origin to the point P (1,1,1) (GATE’08) (@ist (0) is zero (c)is-1 (@) cannot be determined without specifying the path 14, Stokes theorem connects (GATE-05[ME]) (2) a line integral and a surface integral (b) a surface integral and a volume integral (©) a line integral and a volume integral (@) gradient of a fiction and its surface integral. 15, For the scalar field u = magnitude of the gradient atthe point ,3)is (GATE-05[EE)) 13 9 a of of oO8 5 16. If a vector R(t)has a constant magnitude than (GATE-O5IIN}) 17. A scalar field is given by f = where x and y are the coordinates. The derivative of ‘F along the line y = x directed away from the origin at the point (8, 8) is (GATE-0S{IND v2 8B 2 3 oF OF OF OF 18, Which one of the following is Not associated with vector calculus? (GATE-05(P1)) (a) Stoke’s theorem (b) Gauss Divergence theorem (©) Green’s theorem (@) Kennedy's theorem 19. VxVx P where P is a vector is equal to (GATE-OS[EC]) (a) PxVxP-V?P (b) V?P+ V(V.P) CO VP+(VxP) — @) V(V.P)-VP 20, The directional derivative of F(%,y,2)=2x7 +3y? +2? at the point p(2,1,3) inthe direction of the vector 2 ie (GATE-06{CE}) (a) 2.785 (b)- 2.145 ()- 1.789 @ 1.000 21. The expression V = jex'(1-2) dh for the volume of a cone is equal to _. (GATE-06{EE}) @ Jew (-4) ar ©) jer (-4) ah © i 2ari(1-£) ah @ i aeri(t-2) dr 22, The velocity vector is given as 'V = Sxyi+ 2y?j+3yz"k. The divergence of this velocity vector at (I, 1, 1) is (GATE-O7[CE) @9 10 ©14 @I5 {cE Engng Pb han ACE ag Anka ui Benen oaks Bn & than Cyr ee)64 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS 23. The area of a triangle formed by the tips of vectors a,b and cis (GATE-O7[ME}) ee (@) @—b)e(a-c) ©) H1G-BxG-9) 1 © s|axbxe| @ Sais 24, The angle (in degrees) between two planar 723541 vectors &=Fi+5 j and é Bid is (GATE-O7[PID (230° (&)60 (©)90 (a) 120 25, Divergence of the vector field W(x, Y, 2) =—(x cosxy + y)i + (y cosxy)j + [Ginz!) +22 + ¥] kis (GATE-O7[EE}) (a) 2z cosz” (b) sin xy + 2z cosz’ (c)xsinxy~cosz (4) none of these 26. Consider points P and Q in xy ~ plane with P= (1,0) and Q= (0, 1). The line integral 2]ow dx + ydy)along the semicircle with the line segment PQ as its diameter (GATE-08(EC}) @is-1 iso 1 (d) depends on the direction (clockwise (2) anti-clockwise) of the semi circle 27. The divergence of the vector field (x-y)i+(y-x)j+(x+y+2)k is (GATE-08[ME}) @3 @O 1 28. The directional derivative of the scalar function f(x, y, z) =x? + 2y°+ z at the point P= (1, 1, 2) in the direction of the vector =3i-4] is (GATE-08[ME]) @-4 2 ©-1 @1 2 ACE 29. If F is the position vector of any point on a closed surface S that encloses the volume V then {(F -ds)is equal to (GATE~08[PI)) @ Ww ®V ©2 @3Vv 30. For a scalar function x, y, 2) =x" + 3y? + 22?, the gradient at the point P(1, 2,—1) is (GATE-09[CE}) (a) 2i+6}+4e (6) 21412}-4k (© 2i+12j+4k — @) V56 31. For a scalar function A(x, y, 2) = x? + 3y" + 22%, the directional derivative at the point P(1, 2, -1) in the direction of a vector i- j+2k is (GATE-09[CE)) @-18 ()-3¥6 (©3V6 (418 . Ifa vector field Vis related to another field A through V=VxA, which of the following is true? (GATE-09[EC]) Note: C and Sc refer to any closed contour and any surface whose boundary is C. ov = fA wf ai= [[¥-a © G¥x¥-G= [fvxA-& é © © fuxaai- [LVS 33. A sphere of unit radius is centered at the origin, The unit normal at a point (x, y, 2) ‘on the surface of the sphere is the vector. (GATE-09{IN) @m&y2 ©) (#4) otha) lea) 34. The divergence of the vector field 3xzi+2xyj-yz"k at a point (1, 1, 1) is equal to (GATE~99[ME}) @7 4 ©3 Wo {41 ging abi of ACE enon Hk Del Ber Peon age tpn (Cpr ard)‘VECTOR CALCULUS 35. F(x, y) = (x? + xy) a, + (y*#xy) 4,. Its line integral over the straight line from (x,y) = ©, 2) to (x, y) = @, 0) evaluates to (GATE-09[EE}) @-8 )4 ©8 (0 36. The line integral of the vector function’ F=2xi+x?j along the x — axis from x=1 is (GATE-09[PI)) 233 @3 W533 to @o 37, Divergence of the 3 ~ dimensional radial vector field r is (GATE-10[EE) 1 @3 o)— r @ 3fi+j+k) y a, +x? a,then JA-d lover the © i+j+k 38. If A path shown in the figure is ws 2N3 (GATE-10[EC]) @o OF Ol Ow 39. If a and b are two arbitrary vectors with ‘magnitudes a and b respectively, [ax] will de equal to (GATE-11[CE]) (b) ab- @) abtab @ ahd" © ap aaoy 40. If A (0, 4, 3), BQ, 0, 0) and ¢(3, 0, 4) are there points defined in x, y, z coordinate system, then which one of the following vectors is perpendicular to both the vectors AB and BC (GATE-11{P1)) (@) 16+97-12K —(b) 161-9 +12K (©) 16i-9j-12K (4) 161+ 9j+12K 41. The line integral [(ydx+xdy) from P(x, 94) #0 Pa» Ya) along the semi- circle P:P2 shown in the figure is (GATE-11(P1)) % Pveyd @ Hy -—H ©) (-yi)+3-¥1) © 2 -x)O2-9) @ (2-W +05 -%) 42.18 T(x, y,2) = x? +y* +22? defines the temperature at any location (x, y, z) then the magnitude of the temperature gradient at point P(1, 1, 1) is --- (GATE-11[PI]) @AN6 &)4 ©24 «VE ‘Consider a closed surface ‘S’ surrounding a volume V. If is the position vector of a point inside S with i the unit normal on “S’, the value of the integral OB BS 47, For the parallelogram OPQR shown in the sketch. OP=ai+bj and OR =ci+dj ‘The area of the parallelogram is (GATE-12(CE)) @ k p ° (@ad—be —(b) ac + bd (ad+be —(d) ab-ed 48. Consider a vector field A(F). The closed loop line integral JA di can be expressed as, (GATE - 2013[EC)) (©) (0 «A) +B over the closed surface bounded by the loop (b) he ‘© A)dv over the closed volume bounded by the loop © [fev *Arav over the open volume bounded by the loop @ {fev A) «a5 over the open surface ‘bounded by the loop 49. The divergence of the vector field Azxactyaytza is (GATE - 2013[EC)) @0 © ©1 @3 50. For a vector E, which one of the following statements is NOT TRUE? (GATE - 2013[1N)) (@) If VE = 0, Es called solenoidal (b) If V x E= 0, Bis called conservative (©) If V x E=0, Bis called irrotational @ If V.E= 0, E is called irrotational 51. The following surface integral is to be evaluated over a sphere for the given steady velocity vector field F = xi+yjtzk defined with respect to a Cartesian coordinate system having i, j and k as unit base vectors. {fjeama Where S is the sphere, x*+y"+z" = 1 and n is the outward unit normal vector to the sphere, The value of the surface integral is (GATE - 2013[ME}) @x b)2r ©@3n4 Wan ACE ngewing aati ACE ag Aen ok Dai Bere rok ge &Psauan Cyrihe Rene)67 KEY FOR CHAPTER — 1 LINEAR ALGEBRA ———————— 01.) &(@)_ 02. 03. (4) 04. 05. (©) 06. (@) 07.@) 08.(aorbore)09.(b) 10.) 11.(@) 12.(a) 13.@ 4. 15.(b) 16. 17.6) 18, 19.(¢) 20. (4) 21 22.(@) 23.0) 24. @) 25. 26.(0) 27.) 28. (0) 29. 30.(¢) 31.@) 32. (a) 33. (@) 34. (b) 35.(b) 36 (b) 37.@) 38.(b) 39.(0) 40.(4) al. 42.4) 43.(0) 44.0) 45.(a) 46. (b) 47.(a) 48, 49. (0) 50. (b) 51.) 52. (a) 33.) 54.(0) 55. (b) 56. (b) 57.(0) 58. (a) 59.(b) 60. (b) 61.(@) 62. (a) 63. (0) 64.(@) 65.(0) 66. (a) 67.(b) 68. (0) 69. (b) 70. (0) 71.) 2. 73. (b) 74. (0) 75.00) 16. 77.@) 2B. 79. (b) 80. (a) 81.0) 82. (@) 83.(@) 84. (b) 85. @) 86. (d) 87.(b) 88. (0) 89. 90. (b) 91.@) 92. (a) 93.(b) 94. (€) 95.(c&d) —96.(a) 97.0) 98. (¢) 99. (4) 100.6) 101. @)———102.(@) 103. (©) 104.(d) ——«:105.(&) 106. (b)_-—=—«:107.(@) 108. (&) 109. (a) 110. @) UL@ 112.) 113. (@) 114. (6) 115. (a) 116. (b) 117.) 118.(@) —-119.(@) 120. @) 121. (@) 122.) 123.) 124.(b) 128. (©) 126. (b) 127.0) 128. (@) 129. (a) 130.6) 131. 132. (a) 133.6) 134. (6) 135.) 136. (0) 137. (a) 138. (d) 139. (c) 140. (a) 141. (c) 142. (b) 143. (b) 144. (d) 145.6) 146.(0) 147. (a) 148 (a) 149 (6) 150. (a) 151.(6) 152.) 153. (a) 154, 155.(0) 156. (b) 157.(b) 158. (b) 159.(4) 160. () 161.(@) 162.) 163. (a) 164.0) '165.(6) 166. (¢) 167. (b) 168. (4) 169. (d) 170. (a) 171.) 172. (b) 173. (d) 174. (0) 175.(©) 176.16 177.48)ol. 07. (@) 13. (@) 25.(0) 31.@ 371.) 43. (b) 49. (b) 55.(a) 61. (b) 67.0) 7B.(d) 79.(4) 85.(0) 01.) 07. (b) B.@ 19.) 25. (d) 31.(@) 37.@) 43. (b) 49.(4) 55. (a) 61. 67. (b) 3.0) 79. (a) 85.0) 02. (b) 08. (a) 14. (0) 20. (d) 26, 32.0) 38. (b) 4. (b) 50. (a) 56. (a) 62.(@) 68. (a) 74. (0) 80. (b) 86. (b) 02.) 08. @) 14.) 20. (d) 26. (b) 32. (b) 38.4) 44. (@) 50. (0) 56. (b) 62.(¢) 68. (d) 74.(0) 80. (b) ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS KEY FOR CHAPTER — 2 DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS 03. (©) 04. (a) 05, ° 10.@) 11.) 16. (@) 17.) 21. 22.0) 23.) 27.@) 28. (b) 29. (0) 3.@, 34. (a) 35.(@) 39. (b) 40. (a) 41. (a) 45. (b) 46. (d) 47. (0) 51.(b) 52.() 53.(@) 57. (0) 58. (a) 59. (0) 63. (4) 64.() 65. (a) 69.(0) 70. (0) 1.© 75. (a) 76. (a) 71.) 81.(@) 82.0) 83. (0) 87.0) 88. (@) KEY FOR CHAPTER — 3 PROBABILITY AND STATSTICS 03. (b) 04. (b) 05. (0) 09. (@) 10. (b) 1.© 15.) 16. (a) 1.@ 21.) 22. (b) 23.) 21.) 28. (d) 29.(d) 33.(@) 34.(0) 35.) 39. (a) 40.0) 41.0 45.(a) 46. (a) 47.) 51. 52. (b) 53.) 57.) 58.) 59. (a) 63.(d) 64.0) 65.(c) 69.(0) 70. (a) u.@ 75.(d) 76. (b) 77.) 81.) 82.) 83.() 06. (a) 12.) 18. (@) 24. 30. (a) 36. (c) 42.(a) 48.) 54.(@), 60. (c) 66. (0) 72. (a) 78. (a) 84.@), 06. (¢) 12. (b) 18. (©) 24. (b) 30. (b) 36.(@) 42. (a) 48. (d) 54.0) 60. (a) 66.(@) 2.@ 78. (a) 84.6 ACEACE ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS KEY FOR CHAPTER — 4 NUMERIAL METHODS 01. 02.0) 03. (b) 04. 05. (6) 06. 07.(4) 08. (c) 09. (©) 10. (@) 11.) 12@ 13. (©) 14.) 15.(©) 16.() 17.0) 18. @) 19.) 20.(0) 2.0 22.@) 23.@) 24. (a) 25.0) 26. (b) 27.(a) 28.) 29.(0) 30. (4) 31. 32.0), 33.@) 34.@) 35. 36. (b) 37.) 38.@ 39.(@) 40. 41.@ 42. (0) 43. (b) 44.(4) 45.) 46.0.5 47. 0.52 10 0.55 48. (d) KEY FOR CHAPTER — 5 COMPLEX VARIABLES oo 02.4) 03. (6) 04.) 05.(b) 06. (a) 0740) 08. (@) 09. (a) 10.(¢) 1.@ 12.(@ 13. (0) 14.@ 15.4) 16.(b) 17.@) 18.0) 19. (6) 20. (0) 21.@) 22. (b) 23.(@) 24.(a) 25.(@) 26.(b) 27.(@) 28. @) 29. (0) 30.(@) 31.) 32. (b) 33. (a) 34. (c) 35. (d) 36. (b) 37.0) 38. (a) 39. (4) 40. (6) 41. (a) 2.(0) 48.(a) 4.0) 45. (b) 46.(@) 47.(@) 48.(0) 49. (b) 50. (a) KEY FOR CHAPTER — 6 LAPLACE TRANSFORMS a1. 02. 03. (d) 04. (6) 05. 06. 07. (b) 08 09.(a) 10.(@) u. 12.@ 13.@ 14.6) 15.() 16. (b) 17. 18. (©) 19.) 20. (@) 21.4) 2. (0) 2. 24. (0) 25.(b) 26. (@) 27.(b) 28. (a) 29.(a) 30. (@) 31.@ 32.) 3.@ 34.(d) 35.(@) 36. (b) 37.(b) 38. (0) 39. (4) 40. (a) A.) 42.(a) 43,(b) 44.i(@) ii(a) 45.(0) 46. (@) 47.@) 48. (d) 49. (c)70 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS ACE Sl ls KEY FOR CHAPTER — 7 CALCULUS 01. (@) 02, 03. 04, 05. (a) 06. (a) 07.0) 08. () 09. 10.(d) 11.(@) 12.) 13.) 14.0) 15.(b) 16. (b) 17.(@) 18.) 19. (a) 20.(©) 21.) 22. (0) 23. (a) 24. (a) 25.(a) 26. 27.(b) 28. (b) 29. (@) 30.() 31. (6) 32. (@) 33. (0) 34. (4) 35.() 36. (a) 37.(a) 38.@) 39. (4) 40. (a) 41.() 42.(d) 8. 44. (a) 45.(d) 46. (b) 47.) 48.(0) 49.(0) 50. (6) 51.(@) 52. (b) 53.(¢) 54. (a) 55. (b) 56. (a) 57. (a) 58. (a) 59. (4) 60. (a) 61. (a) 62. (a) 63.() 64. (0) 65.(0) 66. (b) 67.(b) 68. (b) 69.(c) 70. (b) 71. (@) 72.0) 73. (a) 74.(0) 75 (a) 76. (4) 77.(b) 8. 79. (a) 80. (b) 81.(@) 82. (a) 83. (0) 84.0) 85.(c) 86. (c) 87. (a) 88. (a) 89. (b) 90. (a) 91.) 92.) 93. (a) 94. (4) 95. (a) 96. (c) 97.(a) 98. (4) 99.(d) 100. (a) 101. (@) 102. (d) 103. (a) 104. (b) 105.(b) 106. (a) 107. (0) 108. (c) 109.) 110. (a) L@ 112.) 113.4) 114. (c) 115.(6+) 116. (e) 117.0) 118.0) -119.@)_——120.(@) 121.(b+) 122. (@) 123. (©) 124.4) 128. (@) 126. (a) 127.(@) 128. (b) 129.(4) 130. (b) 131. (b) 132. (d) 133.(b) 134.) 135.(c) 136. (b) 137. (a) KEY FOR CHAPTER - 8 VECTOR CALCULUS 02. (b) 03. (a) 04 (b) 05. (@) 06. (b) 08. (a) 09. (a) 10. (b) 11.) 12.() 14.@) 15.(¢) 16. (a) 17.@) 18.(@) 20. (©) 21.) 22.4) 23.(b) 24. (d) 26. (b) 21.) 28. (b) 29.(d) 30. (b) 32.) 33. (a) 34.0) 35. (4) 36. (c) 38. (0) 39.(a) 40. (a) 41.(@) 42. (a) 44. (b) 45. (a) 46. (a) 47.(@) 48. (d) 50. (d) 51. (a)Linear Algebra O1, Ans : (b&d) =at-1-0 00a By, cayley ~ Hamilton theorem we have Sol: Given matrix isA=|0 0 0 Me oh) 000 03. Ans : (@) ( Eigen values:- Given matrix is an upper triangular ‘matrix. Therefore diagonal elements of ‘A are eigen values of A. ie. 4=0,0,0. (i) Higen vectors:- Consider (A-A I) X =O 0-4 0 a |{x] [0 =| 0 0-a 0 |}x}=/0/-@ o o o-alls} lo Put 4=0 in(1) x] [0 x|-|o x] |o ie, 0a 00 00 from (2), we have ‘Therefore, any non zero vector with 2 - ‘component as zero is an eigen vector Hence in the given options (b) and (4) are correct, il 0s Obel 0-10 02, Sol: Given A = oo: 000 => eigen values of A are 2.= 1,-Iyin-i = the characteristic equation of A is @-DA+DA-)O+)=0 => (V-1)@?+1I=0 Sol:- By the properties of transpose of matrices ‘option (d) is correct. ie, By the reversal law of the transpose of the product matrices, we have (AB =BrAT adj(A) il co 1 {Al=}-1 1 1)=10-1)+0+1 (-1 -0) 01 -1 1-1 adj(A)=|0 0 -2 04, Sol:- A= 1 -2 1] Sol: Let A= |! 1 ie bbe the given matrix 1 1 1 1 1 Here all rows / all columns are same. Applying Ro ~ Ri, Rs ~ Ri, Ra—Ri,Rs~ Ri we get the echelon form of A as kc ngnig Psi of ACE Egle Deir Pen age & Pte) (api Rtewd72 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS ACE a z Sc ooom ecoooe ecoooe coooe coco ecoooe oooo p (A) = 1 = number of non-zero rows, = |A-All= 0 mA =0 “fe od SV-(@+DAt0=0 42=0,a41 are the eigen values of A 07. Ans: (a) 10 2][x] fo Sol: Given}1 -1 0}|2,|=/0 2-2 o}|x] [lo Re->R2—Ri; Rys—>Rs—2R; ie One 25h 0) o -1 -2/|x/= 0 o -2 -4} [x] Lo v Ry—>R)—2Ry 10 -2) [x] fo 0 -1 -2/ |x,]= Jo oo of lx} lo T= p(A)=2, n= number of variables= 3 . Number of independent solutions = n-r=3-2=1 08, Ans: (a) i: We know that, p(Amm) S min {m, n} Butt is given that m R)-2Rr 11 iP ~|0 -1 obs 0 0 of4 P(A) =2, p{A[B) = 3 Here p(A) = p(A |B) +. Solution does not exist 10. Ans : (c) -3) Sol: Given A= 5 1 ae oS a Be 00 -3 R2>Ro- a f Ro 2m + a alate 000 p(A)=2 408 Err ion ha oA Ec ba Del, Batra Ys apie Pstpenn Cis eanACE LINEAR ALGEBRA ‘11. Ans : (a) a] Sol: Given A = 12. Ans : (a) Sol: Given that both rows and columns are equal. => The given matrix is square matrix and ‘Also given that p(A) = number of rows of ‘A= number of columns of A :. The matrix order is same as rank of A Hence, the matrix is non-singular matrix 13. Ans: (d) h 4 9) Sol: |A|=|4 9 16} 9 16 25) (225 — 256) ~4 (100 144) + 9(64 - 81) 8 14. Ans: () got: Givena=|! 7! ae 23 => |A-AL|=0 15, Ans : (b) Sol: Given A=| 0 2 2 [A-Ar|=0 -A 0 =|2 3-4 1 (0 e2 4. 73 = (1-4)[(B-G-2)-=0 = (1-4) [12-74 4+2?-2] => (1-A) 7-70 + 10] = 0 => (1-2) [Q-2) AS] =0 he i Eigen vector: Consider [A - 41] X=0 I-A 0 0 =| 2 3a 1 K K 2, 5 are the eigen values of A. 1 -3K/2| = k]-3/2| is Acting Peon ht ACE Ee Any yh Di, ma ads Sr etapa (Cpr Rare74 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS 18. Sol: Given AX =B 1-3-7] [x] [6 =/4 1 0] fy) = |7 23 1|[z} |o RoRr-4Ri; Ry R32 1-3 -7] [x 6 0 13 28] |y| = |-17 o 9 15} [z} [-3 Rs > 13Rs—9R2 1-3-7) [x 6 0 13° 28] Jy} =|-17 oo ~s7| [2] [114 So STE= 114, 13y+282=—17 andx ~3y-72=6 ie =37 =17-28(2) _ -17-28(-2) _, 3 13 And x=3y+72+6=322).47 (-2)+6 1B 19. Ans : (c) Sol: The two vectors Xim and Yixa are said to be orthogonal if X,,, Y74 =0(or) YX" =0 LetX=[1 0 2} and Y=[0 5 0} 0 Then XY" =[1 0 2)|5|=0+0+0-0 0 +X, ¥ are orthogonal to each other 20. Ans : (d) 1-1 0 Sol: Given S=]1 1 1 o0o1 => |S] =11+1)=20 ACE 4 AN 0 21, Sol: The characteristic equation of A is|A~A1|=0 o-a 1 0 =|0 o-a 1 = ~6-2) 2) [6.407 +11] -1 [(0+6]=0 => +60 +112,46=0 . The eigen values of A are A= -2,-3 22. Ans : (a) Sol: Subtracting first row from all the other rows, we get echelon form of the given ‘matrix with only one non zero row. . The rank of given matrix is one 23. Ans : (b) Sol: Given that A... X, Age Xo =Byu (m=n) In this case, the given system may (or) ‘may not have unique solution. If A is singular then unique solution does not exist. And if A is non ~ singular then unique solution exist. Option (b) is wrong statement 24. Ans : (a) Sol: Given A= (ee ST] sin@ cos@ a0 & B= i] cos -sind] fa 0 AB= = (so ae [; Hl ACE Egan abi a FACE ee dod De Ben Mn ape state Cis RrACE _ facos@ —bsin6 sind bcos6 ‘a 0] [cos@ ~sind BA= F 0b |sin@ cose _ [acos@ -asin@ bsin@ bcos Ifa=b (or) @=ne, for an integer n then AB=BA. i.e, A and B commute when a= @ =n, nis an integer. 25. Sol: Given A= [: “| in | 1d B= = (m ba Also given CD c=al! 2 (2) “AL J? & AB= from (1), we have cD=I 26. Ans : (©) Sol: The characteristic equation of a given matrix A is| A-AI|=0 LINEAR ALGEBRA 75 = (I-A) (0-4) =1] -1[1 - 2-1) +Ifl-144) = (1-9) [0-2-1 +2 => VO-3)=0 +. The eigen values of A are 4=0, 0,3 0 27. Ans: (€) Sol: In the Gauss — elimination method, the coefficient matrix of a given system reduces to upper-triangular matrix. + Option (c) is correct, 28. Ans : (6) Sol: For example consider some matrix 12 10 rf fest mionic-[) From edit =| dl (ie. Rie Ro) pee (dae) P's ajlr ol” La 3. Here the first column of A is same as 2" ‘column of A lia =. Option (¢) is correct. 29. Sol: Let A = LU where L is unit lower triangular matrix and U is upper triangular matrix. eles) Then|4 8 13 6 27 31 100 OVfm. am my]f2 1 5 Flin 1 Olf0 uy ua|]4 8 13 In ts WLo 0 uy|l6 27 31 Fatty tata hatin Amin + bats +, Equating the corresponding elements on both sides Ac ng Petr (hf ACE, Acai De Bao eg & Yt) (pyr Resred76 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS hm =4 => by Fata +n = 8 =F ly = 8— han, =~ QM) = 6 ls Hy = 13 Sty = 13 Ings 3 — (2\(5), Sas 2 Ista + ball, = 27 =h, 4 = aa 6 Fats + Ballas tgs = 31 =P ty = 31 ~ buts — bats =31- 8X5) - 43) 100 100 ~L=|h 1 0] =|2 10 hy ly by 341 My M2 Ms] [2 1 5 and U=|0 uu, uy |=]0 6 3 0 0 ml [oo 4 30. Ans : (©) Sol: Given AX = B 32-2 1] [x] [2 =]4 2 3} yl=l9 7 1 5} [2] fo Consider augmented matrix [A | B] 2 -y2 1] 2 fali=|4 2 3] 9 7 1 5/10 3 3 =R.-Rs, SRR RR ae RB aw 3/2 -2 1 2 0 5/4 ys | -¥2 o 57 ya} yr 1p BTR ~ FR ACE 3/2) 2a lee 2 0 5/4 ys| -¥2 0 0 0 | 328 P(A)=2, p(A|B)=3 But p(A)+ pA |B) - No solution and the equations are inconsistent. 31. Ans : (a) Sol: By the properties of determinant of the matrices, ifthe two rows are interchanged jn a determinant then the value of the determinant does not change but sign will change. 32. Ans : (a) Sol: If Ayu and Byyg are two matrices and m = 4q,p =n then both AB and BA exist. 33, Ans: (a) Sol: Given A Ans: (b) 6 8 0 0 0-1 = Itis an upper triangular matrix = The determinant of an upper triangular ‘matrix is equal to product of its diagonal elements. 2 || =(6)2)(4)I)=-48 Sol: Given A= 6 02 0 e onan CEng Pooh ACE Eg enya rns agli & ehapanen) pri Reel)LINEAR ALGEBRA 77 35, Ans : (b) ha Sol: A=|l b cal al Ri>Ri-Re ab be-cal h cab 1 -d A=(a-bjl b cal hc ab Ifa=b then A becomes zero 2. (@-b) is a factor of A. Note:- If the entries of a determinant A are polynomials in x and A vanishes when x =a then (x-a) is a factor of A. 36. Ans: (b) Sol: Given AX=B 12 O}fz] [5 = [4 8 olly|=|12 36 3}lz] [is 120) 5 Consider [A|B]= |4 8 0| 12 3 6 3] 15 R,>R.-4Ri; Rs Rs—3Ri 5 0 ROR 120 000 003 12 0/5 00 3) 0 0 0 oj -8 p(A)=2, p(A|B)=3 But p(A) # p(A |B) :. No solution, 37. Ans: (@) 14087 003 0 Sol: Given A= GwenA=4 2 3 1 3°12 24 2 Ry R3-4Ri; Ra Ra 3Ri 4 8 7 0 8 0 -14 -29 -27 0 0-19 ROR 14° 8 7 0-14 -29 -27 oo 3 0 0 0 0 -19 pA) =4 38. Ans : () Sol: Given that A is real square matrix Consider (AAT = (ATT AT (AB)'= BTA!) =AAT (Ay =A) ©. Ais symmetric matrix 39. Ans : (c) Sol: By left cancellation law of matrix multiplication, we have AS=AT = S=T only if Ais non- singular. 40. Ans: (@) Sol:The given quadratic form is in 2 ~ variables x; and xp. ‘ay, = The coefficient of x1 x1 (or) x3 = 0 a= on™ 4 [The coefficient of 0] Ligy= zon am = The coefficient of x3-% (01) x3 c.Thematrix A= [4 2] = [2 2 ay Oy 2 -5. Ac ngnnig s(t of ACE Eng. seep Di Bar Yo age 4 Yate) Cais)78 41. Sol: Ginena[§ 7] 22 (1) Eigen Values:- Let 2 be an eigen valued determinant of Azo. Then the characteristic equation of Ang is [Aa = [ ; => -10424=0 hn 4,6. which are the eigen values of A. (2) Eigen Vectors tat x= [3] bean cige vector %, of Aza corresponding to an eigen value 2. Then X is given by (A-ADX = 0, peaenalis 12 anally Case-) Put .=4in(1) b aIE)-t) T Hence X; = 4] where k is any non zero number Case—(i) Putting 46 in (1) we have ELE ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS. ACE exe [*) = [24] [2 ae []- [e)- [ls ‘where k; is any non zero number 42. Ans : d) Sol: Given A na = Ja or [' jfeta-ati-o 1 2 = od RO. =0 =M-1=052=41 43. Ans: (c) 1 Sol: Given that X= | 2 al 22 -3 A=|2 1 -6 -1 -2 0 Consider AX= 2X where A is an eigen value of A is an eigen vector of 2-31 AX= 1-6} }2 -20 -2+443] 5 1 24246 | =|10]=5| 2 |=ax -1-440] [+s] [+1 2| is an eigen vector of A -1 corresponding to an eigen value 2.5. 44. Ans : (a) Sol: Sum of the eigen values of A = Trace of A=10 45, Ans : (a) Sol: Given A= veo eve Hon ACE ingore tio tf ACE rnb Del, Baer Mende apa Yeon (Cypha)LINEAR ALGEBRA 79 ES ACE 3 0 -6 SIA|=3 and ad(A)=]0 1 0 -6 0 15, ate GA) 3 1 0 -2 = 0 =|o 3 0 -6 0 20 5 46. Ans : (b) Sol: In the system of linear equations, b must linearly dependent on the columns of A 47, Ans : (a) ‘Adj (A) = BT where B is a cofactor matrix and all the elements of B are cofactors of the elements of A. Finding the value of kin adj (A) is the finding the cofactor of an element aps sft -2) cl) ”p | ok = Ag = (C1)? Mas = -(6)=-5 ‘Where Aas is a cofactor of ap; and Mas is a ‘minor of aps 48, Sol: Similar to example 41 casa] ance verte corresponding to an eigen value 2. = 2. Xk (7 is an eigen vector of A corresponding to an eigen value 4 = 4. 49. Ans: (@ Sol: By the properties of determinant of matrices, we have |kAyn| = K" |Avanl a=" where isa scalar 50, Ans : (b) Sot: If A= [ashy then |A| a= [% pal then | A| a, = ay a2 —a12 1 A 2 Ss IfA=|a, az a,3| then Ay Fey 3, JA [= an am ass ~ ay ann ana + ain a1 233 — 4 dy, + ay Gp O32 ~ as 31 2 .:. The number of terms in expansion of 1* order determinant is 1! ‘The number of terms in expansion of 2“! order determinant is 2! ‘The number of terms in expansion of 3" order determinant is 3! And so on the number of terms in expansion of n™ order determinant is n! => 2x +x7)- 1 +y) +16? -y)= Se 2et2e-x-y+¥-y=0 =o3x'+x—-2y=0 which represents a parabola. ‘The parabola equation 2y = 3x7 + xis, satisfying with option (b) <5 The option (b) is correct. (i.e. The parabola 2y = 3x* + x passes through the points (0, 0), (1, 1), (1,2). 52. Ans : (a) Sol: v Gis) Bo len ° Qo don Velo. 4 lo Bon n-ln-2 n-3 n-dw 0 | Here the given matrix is skew symmetric matrix ‘Sum of all the elements of V = 0 At Erering Pon (tf ACE Ee Any rh Da, hana Mode Sombre olga Cprihe Rr)80 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS 53. Ans : (a) Sol: 2 0 1 0 0 54, Ans: () Sol: By the property of reversal law of inverse of product of three matrices A, B, Cwe have (ABC)'=C'BT AT (= (ABy"=B" A") Where A, B, C are square matrices of same order. 55. Ans : (b) Sol: By the definition of rank of a matrix A, the first statement is correct (ie. true). If A is mn matrix and [Are # 0 then (Am) = 2 Therefore second statement is also correct (i. true). Hence option (b) is correct. 56. Ans : (b) Sol:lf A is an eigen value(s) of matrix Aus then the eigen value(s) are given by |A~AI|=0. p-A -1 0 0 0 3-4 0 0 0 0 -2-4 0 0 0 «1 B-A 0 0 =Q-] 0-2-4 jo -1 0-2) B-NEQHNG-2-0 => 2-2-2) Q+AG-2=0 :. The eigen values are given by 2 =2,-2,3,4 ACE 57. Ans : (€) 123 Sol: GivenA=|3 4 5 468 ROR-3Ri; 12 3 ~ fo -2 -4 0-2 -4 RRs 12 3 ~ Jo -2 - 00 0 + pA)=2. 10 0-1 A= B= y [i 0 [ q where |Al=0 & [B]=0 1-0 B= = AH li | = |AHB| #0 1 0], Jo 1 2)A= =| > [ d [ d where |A|=0, [B= 0 Tt =ae-[ A => |AtB|=0 12 tr a oael Jaf where |A| #0, [B| + 0 23 AtB= +B #0 = AB [; @) sale aa-[) 1 of} 4 where [A] # 0, |B] #0 Ry R3~4Ry 58. Ans : (a) Sol: S; 0 2 4B = +B) = => AB lg ‘| => |A+B]=0 59. Ans : (b) | Sol: By a theorem, A square matrix A of order n is diagonalizable if and only if it has 1 linearly independent eigen vectors. AC ngeig Mei tf ACE Be Any tra a Boner md eg Pageant)LINEAR ALGEBRA 81 ES 60. Ans : (b) 532 Sok:GivenA=|1 2 6 35 10 = Al={1 61, Ans: (@) sot: Givena=|5 3 ° 29 Consider | A - AL | = 0 where % is an cigen value of A -A 3 =f; a => = 14h 439=0 ==7+ V0, 7- Vi0 > 2=10.16,3.84 62. Ans: (a) Sol: Given m-[; ‘] and a-[} | [2 3][4 9]_ [32 24 etal) [i alls ‘I [x a 63. Ans : (9) Sol: The given matrix isin an echelon form - p(A) = no of non-zero rows in the echelon form = 1 64, Ans : (a) Sol: Eigen values of an upper triangular ‘matrix are just its diagonal elements. The eigen values of A are 1,2,-2,-1 65. Ans : (c) 1 0 00 10 1 0 0 Sol: Given A= en S100 200 1 0 100 200 300 1]. It is a lower triangular matrix and the determinant of a lower triangular matrix is equal to product of its diagonal elements. = lAlS@@M)@)=1 66. Ans : (a) Sol: Given [4] = |A-Al=0 => ¥+2-15=0 == 3,-5. 67. Ans: (b) 12-8 |7 Sol: (A[B)=|4 3 -12 | 5 21 4 Ia Rr Ra—ARi 5 Rs > Ry-2 Ri 12 -8( 7 0 -5 20 | -23 0-3 12 | o-14 Rr 3 R—SRs ee) |e 0 -5 20} -23 0 0 0] 1-Se For infinitely many solutions, last row must be zero row. ie 1-Sa=0 = a=15 Hence for only one value of ot = 1/5 , the system will have infinitely many solutions. 68. Ans: (6) Sol: Given A= vas oan Ry > 4R2~ 6Ri 3 421 3 0 0 10 10 0 0 -1 -L Ra (ORs + Re ener 0 0 10 10 000 0 “- p(A) = 2. Ry 2Rs-Ri {408 Exe etn ef CEE Aor Da, abe Pee Sagat akan) pg Ree)82 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS ACE —————— 69. Ans: (b) Sol: Given system is Homogeneous system ‘AX = 0. This Homogeneous system will have trivial and non-trivial solution. If the coefficient matrix A is non-singular in AX = 0 then AX = 0 will have trivial solution, If the coefficient matrix A is singular matrix in AX = 0 then AX = 0 will have non-trivial solution. Hence option (b) is correct. 70. Ans : (¢) e236) Sol: [AB]=|1 3 4| 8 223) 12 RoJRo-Ri, Rs Rs— 2K, 12 3/6 o1 fe 0 2 3/0 RyRy +2R2 1231/6 o11f2}__@ oo -al4 p(A)=3, p(AIB) ~ 3, n=n0. of unknowns = 3 = p(A) = p(AB) - Unique solution exist. From Eq, (1), we have x+2y+32=6, ytz=2 and -2=4 => 2=-4, y= 6 andx=6 71. Ans: (b) Sol: XEX+I=0 => X'A?-X+D=0 =>X-14+X'=0 =X7=1-x athe a 72, Ans : (¢) a1 Oo Sol: Let A=|“" °= ba aa Oe be the symmetric matrix. ‘The total no. of different elements in Agen wn is and each element can be filled in 2 ways using either 0 or 1. ©. The total no. of different nxn different symmetric matrices is 7° 2 73. Ans: (b) Sol: ABCD =I =(ABCD)" =Dic!BTAt=1 =D0'C' B" A)A=DIA =C'B'=DA => C(C"B) = CDA B'=CDA 74. Ans : (€) 1-5 [1] fi -s [a (ap)=|1-1 | 2|~ Jo 4 [1 13/3] lo 8 |2 { 15 ~lo4aya ' oolo (A) (AIB) = 2 & number of unknowns =n Here p(A) = p(A|B) =n =2 "Unique solution exists. i 75. Ans (b) Sol: Sum of the eigen values ~ sum of diagonal elements =1tS41=7 C8 Barong Pts ACE BAe ora Deb, Bator Pena gi chon) (yi ReedACE LINEAR ALGEBRA 76. Sol: For singular matrix A, we have |A|= 0 8 x 0 3/4 0 2}=0= 8(0-12)-x(0-24)=0 12 6 o| 3-9 +24x=0 > x=4 ‘77. Ans : (a) Sol: Given the [A], [B]a, {Clas, [D]ss» {Elsxs and [F]su are real matrices. And also given that [B] & (E] are symmetric. In the first statement the product (FE. [CEs (Bho (Ch (Flsu is a first order matrix. .*. First statement is correct. In the second statement, the product [DE. [Flsa [D]se is not defined. ‘Second statement is wrong. Hence option (a) is correct. 78. Ans : (e) Sol: Given A a 4 a1a-ui-0> fh aq => -5K-0=0 => 2=0,5 which are the eigen values of A. 79. Ans : (b) 1-4-1 b3 Sol: (AjB)=|2-1 3] 1 3.2 5/2 RR: 2K; Rs+Rs—3Ri 1-4-1 3 o75|7 ows |i Ry 9 Rs~2Re 1-4-1 |-3 0) vase 87) no. of unknowns. :-Unique solution exists. 80, Ams : (d) 81. Ans : (b) Sol: Similar to Example 78 82. Ans: (8) Sol: ty! Pye badd 2x3 3x4 4x3 3x2 uw WwW ‘84. Ans: (b) Sol: Eigen values of A, A’, A’, different But eigen vectors of A, A®, A’, same. AX= 2X AX =VX AMX RPK 2 is an eigen value of A™ and X is an eigen vector of A®. i.e; X" is not an eigen vector of A®. Hence the statement in option (b) is wrong. 85. Ans : (8) Sol: If p(P) = p(PIQ) then PX= Q is consistent system and has atleast one solution, cathe = 5x1 ~ 2xp + 2xs =O and x3 =0 86. Ans: (d) nga i f ACE Ea Aor De, Mahe Meas Beir haan (Crh Rera= 5x1-2x2=0 Let x2 = ky , where ky is arbitrary constant, 2k IS 2} X=|k fox, =/5] fork =5 o ° 87. Ans: (b) ho -1 Sol: [R]=|2 1-1] =1@+3)+0- 1(6-2) pea saecee Ad(R)=|-6 4 1 4-31 50-301 r= 6 4 Role 3 4 <: ToprowofRis[S -3 1). 88. Ans : (0) Sol: [M| = The product of the eigen values = 15 x3 x 0=0 89. Sol: Eigen values are 1, -2 For 4.= 1, eigen vectors are given by (A-D)x=0 [* AICHE] 90. Ans : (b) Sol: Given that A is 3x4 matrix and AX=B is inconsistent yo Asa (ABs = p(A) <3 and p( AIB) $3 For inconsistent, we have P(A) = 2 < p(AIB) = 3 +. The highest possible rank of A is 2 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS ACE 91. Ams: (a) -0.1 Sol: Given A= [i | and 3 a] _f3 ot} ov] 0 2/6 1 20 + ap 2 @ 8 21 natp= 2. ae 60 92, Ans : (a) Sol: Consider |A— Al] = 0 b-2 0 0 0 5-20 0 ° eADeasORO=1e1 o 0 3 1a) => B-ANS-ANO-AY-2)-3) = 0 => (S-AYS-A)[2-30422.3; > GANS-AN3AAL) eigen values are 5, 5. Consider (A-M)X=0 for 2 = 5 5-5 0 0 0 0 5-50 0 0 0 2-5 1 0 0 3 1s 3x +14 =08 3x4=0 => real X=0 for ky =Land ky =-2 93. Ans : (b) Sol: p(As.3)=2 A= PDPT [alle JG 3] Hence option (c) is correct. 9. Ans : (d) Sol: Given A= 2 2 t Seer seorlecer 2 eee ote oltne ee p(A)= 4. 100. Ans : (b) Sol: From the previous example P(A)=4, pA |b)= 4 and n= 4 = number of variables. But (A) = p(A |) :. x is unique. 101. Ans : (c) ane Sol: Given A=|1 -1 0 rik R.>R:-Ry ; RB R-Ri pid 1- oo 0 2. p(A)=2. Ace Bnei Pain fC Ea Acne Db, haber Mots Sagan haem Cpr Rene)=PDP' where P=[V; V2] aft Alle] Ay 103, Ans : (¢) 101] Sol: Given that X=] | is an eigen vector of 42 AS [: 4 ‘eigen value 2. Then by definition of an ‘eigen vector of A, we have, AX = AX. wef) 101 = ax i] ] msrndine some an tor x= al is an cigen vector of A corresponding to an eigen value A 104, Ans : (4) Sol: Given AX=B 3200/5 Consider [A|B]= |0 4 3 | 8 20 -1| 2 Ry 3Rs— 2K, 32 0} 5 Oe oe 0-4-3] - Rs Rs +Re ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS ACE o00|4 p(A)=2, p(A|B)=3 But p(A) # p(A |B) +. No solution i. inconsistent. 105. Ans : (b) 2-23 Sol:Given A=|-2 -1 6] and also given 120 that one of the eigen value is 3. ‘We know that the sum of the eigen values is equal to the sum of the diagonal elements of A. tr(A) = 2-140=1 From the option (b) the eigen values are 3, ~5 Sum of the given eigen values in option (b) is 1. Which is same as trace ofA. + option (b) is correct, 106, Ans : (b) Sol:Given Anya Kaa = and A’ =T => AA=Tand A is nilpotent matrix = Ais invertable ie., A" exist = Ais non-singular ++ Unique solution exist. | 107, Ans : (b) a 2n 3n--~- 3a. + p(A)= 1 (~ all the rows are Proportional) 108. Ans : (b) Sol: Two eigen values are given -2 & 6 ‘Sum of eigen values of A = tr(A) A+(D+6H14541> C8 ngwing ot ACE ag Anka a Baar men age & Pathan (Cpr hwACE 109. Ans : (a) Sol: Given AX = B 11 1dpx) fs 13 3|ly{=|9 12 a\lz] |p rials =(AB)=|1 33] 9 12a4/B RroR2—Ri ,RsRs-Ri r1oi]s ~lo2 244 01 a-t| p-s Rs2R3—Ry riot 5 ~lo2 2 4 0 0 20-4 | 28-14 1f2a.-4=0 and 2B - 14=0 then the system will have infinite number of solutions. . For a =2 and f= 7 the system has infinite number of solutions 110. Ans : (a) if? =3|-5 111, Ans : (a) Sol: By the property, the eigen values of a real ‘ymmetric matrix are always real. 112, Ans : (b) Sol: Eigen values of A are 2, 2 Consider ca-ay=[5* : ] 0 26 01 Fer k=2,(A-21)= (A-21) lo al The number of linearly independent eigen vectors of matrix A= (number of variables) ~ p(A - 21) = 1 LINEAR ALGEBRA 87 113, Ans : (a) 146 6 1 =|b 1461 1 21 C191 +46 242h ob 1 A=\242b 146 1 2426 2 1 (++ C1 & Cy are proportional) Sol: A=0 114, Ans : (b) Sol: The number of eigen values of Ana isn & eigen values of real symmetric matrix are always real. .. The number of eigen values of real symmetric matrix A of ordet 2n (or dimension 2n) are 2n real values which may or may not be repeated. 115. Ans : (a) Sol: Q= [41 qq ——~ Gabon and men We know that p(Q) = no. of independent ‘vectors (rows/column) i.e. p(Q)Sm But given that q1, 3, 4s dependent vectors, . p(Q) denote their dot product of vector x and y :. By the definition of dot product of vector x and y, we have =xy, <4x> “7 &xy=yx afer cove xy| ]” [px wy 1) ele x = XP - Gy? bx y But dot product is scalar. <. (1) becomes positive when x and y are linearly independent. 120. Ans: (4) PI-Pi=0 =R+P+41=0 Sol: 121. Ans : (a) Sol: Given p (Qs) But, we know that p(Q) = number of linearly independent row / columns . Qsas Will have four linearly independent rows & columns ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS ACE 122. Ans : ) Sol: Given A” =(A™ A)" A™ and p(A) =n LHS of option (d) = AA“A AL(ATAYT ATA = A[(ATAY'(ATA)] Al A #RHS of (@) 123. Ans: (€) Pu Pag Sot: Given P=[PH Pu one of the sign value is zero. => P is singular matrix, ©. [PFO (or) PisP22— PiaPai = 0 ] where Pa # Vi and 124. Ans : (b) ax ty = Sol: Given 2 4 y = Al 2 +y = 7/2) aya) = solution does not exist [AIB) 11 14 =(AB}=|2 3 0/4 12 Ie RoR 2RG Rs Ro— Ri 11 1) 4 ~|o 1-2-4 0 1 -2ja-4 Ry9Rs-Re ete jo. - 00 Oja Ifa =0 then the system will have solution 128. Ans : (a) Sol: Similar to example 41 129, Ans : (a) Sol: The given matrix A can be obtained from the unit matrix with elementary operation Ri ¢>Rz_. The inverse matrix corresponding to the elementary matrix A is A itself LINEAR ALGEBRA 89 130. Ans (b) Sol: Let us consider an orthogonal matrix P of order 2x2 _[a/s 4/5 cos@ sind el Salo sind al Given ¥ [| 3/5 4/5] [xm 4/5 3/5\Lx, pre] O8/9-Gn/9) (Ax, 15)+ Bx, 15), ST ~ iE - [Pe] =x] for every vector. Consider P = [Pal 131. Ans:() Sol: Given AX=B 11 2) [a] oft ali 2 3} |x) =|2 14a a}|x) [4 Consider augmented matrix [A | B] 11 2[t tarBi=|1 23] 2 14al4 Ry>R2—Ri 3 Rs>Rs—Ri rio 2/0 o1 aft 03 a-2) 3 Ri >Rs-3Rr rio 24a ordi 0 0 a@-s| 0 To have unique solution, a-5 #0 2. For alll values of a except a = system will have unique solution. (or) ‘To have unique solution the determinant ofa coefficient matrix must be non- singular. , the At Enright f ACE Ege Arty DS, mane Mode Sire hen Cpr Rene)fia Qi 123i h 4 a => ass. ive #0 > a-540 132. Ans : (a) sorte a= |! °), p- a 0 of 1-1 -1 0 efibef 3 ‘The cigen values of A are 1,0 The eigen values of B are 0, 0 The eigen values of C are 1 ‘And the eigen values of D are ©. Only one of the matrix A has an eigen value 1. 133, Ans : (b) Sol: Consider (PQ)! P = (Q! P")P erp) 1 I 134. Ans : (b) Sol: Given) =[$ | Consider | A -AI|=0 where 2 is an eigen value of A. oA }2 = +2-30=0 =1=5,-6 135, Ans: (d) Sol: Given AX =B 11 i) fz] 3 sli 2 3} ly) = 4 14k} lz] {6 111} 3 (alpy=|1 2 3) 4 14k] 6 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS ACE 3 1 3 3 1 00 0 If k-7 # 0 then the system will have ‘unique solution. For k = 7 the system will not have unique solution, k-7 136. Ans : (b) Sol: By the definition of symmetric matrix if BT =B for a square matrix B then Bis called symmetric matrix. 137, Ans : (a) Sol: According to partial pivoting Gauss- elimination method, the pivot for elimination of x is the numerically largest coefficient of x in the given 3 equations. And the pivot for elimination of y is the ‘numerically largest coefficient of y in the remaining equations of the given system. = The pivots for elimination of x and y are 10 and 4, 138. Ans : (d) Sol: Sum of the eigen values = Tr(A) 34+ (143)) + C137) 1-143 2=2 139. Ans: (6) Sol: Eigen values of X are -2, -3 Eigen values of I are 1, 1 Eigen values of X +1 are -2+1,-3+1 i. 2 Given (XH)"(X+51) (XH (XH) = OHIO) + 40K" =1+4(KH)" 1+ 4(XH)" > -1,-3 140, Ans : (a) Sol: Given M™ = M* => MMT =1 CE Bn Pins nf AEE, cd =p De, tour Fone, es & hana (Cri eedACE LINEAR ALGEBRA 91 aS x| fo 3)" [0 1 5 ‘Equating the corresponding elements. % oe valued Giaaie! x 141. Ans : (©) Sol: trace(A) = -2 and |A|=-35 Ait Ag =-2 and Arde =-35 cas -Tand = 5 142, Ans: (b) 13 s wel Tpaeaeaun bi 143. Ans : (b) Sol: AX 12-44 S(AB)=|2 1 1 -1 1 -i2 Ro R2—2Ri; Ra Rs + Ri 12-24 ~ {0 -3 5|-10 0 3 -3 6 Rs @R3+Rz 12-24 ~|0 -3 5|-10 0 0 2\-4 = x,42x, 28, -3x, +5x, =-10 2x, =-4 => x, 144, Ans : (d) Sol: Given x1 + 2x2 +x3 + 4 3x; + 6x2 + 3x5 + 12x = 6 2x1 + kr tx + 4K =2 (One equation in 4 unknowns =. the system will have infinite number of solutions 145. Ans: (b) Sol: The eigen values of p are 1, 2, 3 AX=AX 11 ojf-1] fo AX=|022 003 146. Ans : (€) Sol: By a property that the eigen values of a skew-symmetric matrix are always either zero (of) purely imaginary 147, Ans : (a) Sol: Similar to example 41 148. Ans : (a) 10 0---0 o20 0 0 0 so: a=|° ° 3 | 00 0---n = eigen values of A are 1, 2,3, <= sum of all eigen values _ n+) 214243 +m Sol: If Product of two non zero square matrices is zero matrix, then both the matrices are singular. 150. Ans : (d) Sol: Eiegn values of A are 4 and 8 of] ‘Sum of the eigen values = Tr(A) 1 ng aati ef CE EA Hy De, neyo Sayin heen Cpr Rr)92 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS ACE SS ae Qtya448 sy=10 Product of eigen values = det(A) 151. Ans : (b) Sol: |A|=(9+4)—1=12 ad(A)_ 1 [3-21 -i i) li 342, 152. Ans : (¢) Sol: Given 2x +3y=0 oxtqy => AX [ELE 1-1 of) ] firoso7 fy] ft 2 -1]0 |=|-1+0+1/=0 |=ilo |=ax 0-1 aft) [ovo-1 | ot + Eigen value is 2 154. Sol:-X=[1 1 1], Y=[1 a a] 1 XYT=[1 1 Mla 2 =I+ata’ =0 where a=-¥4 + jY9f and a? XxT#0 yyt20 +X, ¥ are orthogonal vectors but not orthonormal. 155, Ans : (b) Sol: A=LU ie [2 1) a Lu= =| oD bolt 156. Ans : (b) Sol: Given AX=B 1116 = [AB]=}1 4 6 20 4a aly 11 1] 6 ~|o3 5 | 4 | 03 A-t|y-6 11 1] 6 03 5 | 14 0 0 A-6 | u-20 For no solution, 2.= 6 and #20 157. Ans : (b) Sol: AX = 2X Ax=VX !ot | APX = 2X i A.and A” have same eigen vectors [12 -1]" is one of the eigen vector of M. 158, Ans : (b) Sol: Consider [A —Al flo-a -14 > hs -12-a] == (2)A+(120+72)=0 = +24 -48=0 == 6,8 159. Ans: (d) Sol: (AB)' = BTAT “(Skt 08 2 160, Ans : () Sol: By a property, the eigen values of a real symmetric matrix are always real ACE Engi io mt ACE genre Dal, Breer Mra agin &tapanon Cpr eACE 161. Ans: (@) Sol: By a property, if A is any square matrix then (i) A + AT is always symmetric and (ii) A= AT is always skew-symmetric A? =—5A? 6A 2 AS19430 LINEAR ALGEBRA “93 Sol: Normalised eigen vector of 1 i} oroy oy “1 1 = hoy ‘V2. roy 16. Ans (0) 1214 121 4 Sol:}2 1 2 S|~|O0 -3 0 -3 P-rid 0-3 0 -3 121 4 ~|0 -3 0 -3 0000 = p(A/B)= p(4)=2<3 Infinite number of solutions exists. 167. Ans: (b) so: a=[2 * peas! ‘Sum of the eigen values = x + y= 17 Product of the eigen values =x x y=47 From options, 3.48 + 13.53=17 (3.48)(13.53) = 47 soot “STE = 2x1- 20 =0 2 X1-X Solving above two equations, we get x1 = Xa, The given system has infinite number of solutions. 169. Ans: (4) Sol: Given X, ‘| corresponding to u Engrg Psat tf ACE Eee Ac =p De, ik Pos agi & haan) (pr Red)94 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS ACE SS ; [J emote 172, Ans: () Now (i) AX= 2X eal Le San space = (number of eb aaeee is ears EJB oL x =a-b=-l 173. Ans:(d) frend Marks to all as per IIT Mumbai eee Given af? J ‘a bf 1 10 -[: dL} 3) [4] (1) Eigen vues: -- Eigen value of A are 2: 2— (2) Eigen vector &c-2d=4——(4) emer solving equations (1), (2), (3) & () [ an “l }) “~ 1 all, weet! 3 Case -( put 4 =i in (1) x,)_(0 a faa Sol II the given options are non-negative. So, ifthe determinant of matrix A is 0" then ‘0” will be the minimum eigen value. *)-( 1 Jo(}) Otherwise we choose the minimum eigen x (JU valve by finding the eigen values of A. Case-(i) put 4=—i in "ee | eet) Hence the eigen vectors of a corresponding to eigen values 4. =i&~iare X, [ex (or) ‘a [J** [i] 174, Ans: (6) Sol: By the property of eigen values, we have the following statement : The eigen values of a real symmetric ‘matrix are real 408 Bring it ACE gna el Banned apne &Yetaganen Cpr Red)ACE a 175, Ans: (€) Sol: cos 2x= cos"x-sin’x (-cos20=cos? @—sin? 0) = 008 2x = (1) cos"x+(-1) sin*x =>cos2x,sin? & cos” x are linearly dependent. 176, Ans: 16 Sol: The number of multiplication involved in computing the matrix product (PQ)R is 48 & the matrix product P(QR) is 16. ¢. The minimum number of multiplication is 16. LINEAR ALGEBRA 95 177. Ans: (a) 1x x Sok: |Al=|1 yy? hz 2 C, FC, +C,,C, C40, Docs ex) [txt xe lal=|1 y+l yPty{=Cll yity y+] Lozel zi+z og+e2 zt 1x x] |loxtex x jtey yet yrty ysl Lz z| ft +z 241 (1 tngnrig Pst mf ACE Ee Ao = Hy De, aha pode Regis & haan xr RoceDifferential Equations Ol, Sol: Given y"+y=0 —(1), y0)=0 Q), and y() - (3) From eq, (1), we have (D? + I)y=0 Consider D?+1=0 =D=+i « Solution of (1) is given by ¥=Cycosx+ Cr sinx using (2), (4) becomes 0= +0 Gs using (3), (4) becomes 0=Cy cos A+ Cr sind => Csink=0 @ => sin (-2C) #0 for non-trivial solution) => denn, nez (1) has non-trivia solution for A # nx, nez and it is given by y= C2 sin 2, 02. Ans : () Sol: Given equation is a non-linear differential equation 03, Ans: (¢) Sol: By a theorem, the necessary and sufficient for the differential equation of the form M dx +N dy=010 be exact is 4 ON 04. Ans: (a) Sol: The general form of a n® order linear D'+2D+1=0 => O+1%=0 = D=-1,-1 Equal roots and real «: Solution is y= (C; + Cyt) e* & (C, +C,N-e") + Ce" @ — (4) @) 8s ‘Using (2), (4) becomes (Ci+ Oe C1 Using (3), (5) becomes Cr+ Ce 1 Hence the general solution is y= (1-1) ¢" 07, Ans : (a) Sol: Given y"'+ y!~2y=0 = ('+D-2y=0 > D+D-2=0 1-2 ** is a solution 08. Ans : (a) ACE xan icon it ACE ag oon da, Dae Vos angie &Ytapten) Cp Rr)ACE 09. Sol: Given (D? + 2D+ 1) y=0— ¥00) -@), _ y¥'()= 2--@) From (1), we have f(D)y = 0 where {(D) = D*+2D+1 Consider f(D) = 0 = D42D41 = 0 => D-=-l,-1 which are real and equal. . The general solution of (1) is y =(Ci+ Ca) &* —4) syl=-(Ci+ Cr e+ Get— (5) By (2), we have C; = 1 By (3), we have C2 = 3 y= (1+3t) e isa solution of (1) a) Sol: By Euler’s theorem, option (a) is correct. 1. Ans: (6) Sol: The given differential equation is a 2° ‘order linear, non-homogeneous differential Equation with variable coefficients. 12, Ans: (c) Sok: Given f''(x) + 4f°(%) + 41x => (D? + 4D + 4) f(x) Consider D+ 4D +4=0 13, Ans: (a) Sol: By the definition of Homogeneous ‘differential equation, The option (a) is correct 14, Ans: (©) Sol: Given y'!+3y'+2y=0-—(I) = (0? +3D42)y=0 Consider D? + 3D +2=0 1,-2 ye +e,e*is the general solution of (1) 15, Sol: D'v +424 = (D'vt4atvaltxtx — A(D) v= Q(x), where (D) =D‘ +424, Q=1+x+x’) Solution of (1) is V=Ve+Vp DIFFERENTIAL \TIONS 97 => (D? +22") (Using (a+b)* —2ab = 2° +b?) => (D’ + 24? 2Dd) (D? + 20? + 2DA) = 0 =D=-AEM AEM sve=e™ +e [Cs Cos Ax + Cy Sin Ax] (4) + PL= (Ap)o0 ania 2 -(stag es ) veo dents (Dix?) = 0, D'@') = 0, D410) Hence the complete solution of given equation is ve=vetvp=CF,.+PL = 67 [C) Cos Ax + C2 Sin Ax] + &* Cos Ax + Cy Sin ax] + WA=* ae 16. Ams : (a) Sol: Given (D? + 3D + 2) ¥ = 5 Cos x = f(D) ¥ = Q(x) where £(0) =D? +3D +2 & Q(x) =5Cosx 5 (5083) 1 1 i (Fiss}o “Dead __1 GDd-1) G+) GD-0 'SCosx __ 15(-Sinx)-$Cos x -10 = 1.5 Sinx + 0.5 Cos x PL. (4 tngmeig Pst nt ACE Ee Acad, aban Pond ese 8 Mian) Cnr Roed‘17. Ans: (b) Sok Given xy) ® + gexy)=0 = flay) dy + a6) dx = = g(x,y) dx + fx,y) dy Now, the condition for exactness is yo 18, Ans : (@) Sol: According to general form of linear differential equation in y, the functions P and Q must be either functions of x (or) constants, 19. Sol: The solution of given equation (D*-1)y = 15 Cos 2x ---(1) isy=yc+ ye—CF. +P. Given {D)y = Q(x) where f(D) = D*-1 Land Q(x) = 15 Cos 2x. Consider (D)y = =Dt1=0 = (D*-1) (D*+1)=0 =D=#1,+i “Complementary function ye is YC) eHCr €* + € [Cs Cos x + Cy Sin x] Particular integral of (1) . Joo = 5 (x) = Y= Si (5Cos2x) (Fo; => y= yp = Cos 2x Hence the solution is y= yc + yey =Crek+Cre™ +e [Cs Cos x + Cy Sin x] + Cos 2x 20, Ans: (@), Sol: Given (x'D? xD + )y=0—(1) Put x =e! (or) logx = t, xl XD?=6 @-1)--2) Using (2), (I)becomes, [0@ -1)-0+1]y=0 => @-0-0+1)y=0 => @28+Dy=0 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS ACE a, > @Iy=0 => f(y =0 where £0) Consider £(8) = 0 => @1%=0 => 0=11 «Solution is y Y= Ax + Bx logx 0-1)? (A+BI) ef (A + Blogx) x 21. Sol. Similar to the above problem 22. Ans: (¢) Sol: According to classification of differential i equations, the given differential equation is linear-non—Homogeneous ordinary i dy = fdrtc = tan") =x +e cy tan (x +0) 24, Sol: Given (0) =0-~ HO dt (D+) y= Cos (wt +k) = f(D) y = Q(x) when f(D) = Q(x) = Cos (wt + k) (CF): {(D) =D =D=2hi LCE. is yo= nd Cos(At) + C2 Sin(At) @D: > Fp 09) P24 Ay = cos(wt +h)—(1), Q)and D+V& Cos (wt+k) 1 D+k 1 Page Cos(ot +k) Hence the solution of (1) is given byy=yo+ yr 1 Cos At + C2 Sin At + ye Cos(wt +k). posi Baw ACE nor oto ACE non prl a,Eaonne era gr & Ptaon) Cpr heedDIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS, & = -cynsinne+ G2. Cosat 26. Sol: Given SP +y =x —() Cos(k) __wsink : Oo Taw) ‘Now the solution is Cosk wsin k 7 - os ing ¥= areas Cosas seas Sint) + -Cos(wt +k) Bw) sy-E-F4G24G © = ~2146,__() Using (2) , (4) becomes 2=0-0+0+C: C52 ‘Again using (3), (5) becomes 3 ase) -240, =-5 a=-% 4 The solution of a given differential equation is yoB ae ash Ha &QK)=x Complementary Function: D)= Dei nee Yo Cycos x + C2 sin x Particular Integral; ica Fp) "DD +D*)* x =[1-D?+D* +...) x Y=Y,.+y, =C, cosx+C, sinx+x-—-(4) By using (2), (4) becomes 1=Ci+0+0 sinx+C, cosx +1 —(5) Using (3) , (5) becomes 1=-0+C4+1 Q=0 Hence the solution of (1) is y=x + e0s x ACE Bxgrig iti nt ACES Sct pra Db, dae Yo Bagi & heen) Crh Red160 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS ACE NS = tense x By (2), 3) becomes 1 Lose The solution of (1) is Lokry + xo 29. Ans : (c) Sot: Given |1+{22) | c+] 7 dx ae According to the definition of order and degree of a differential equation, order = 2 and degree = 2 30. Ans : (a) Sol: Given (D?—4D + 4) y=0 = f(D) y = 0 where f(D) = D? — 4D +4 FD)=0 =D'-4D+4=0 =(D-2/'=0 12 (Ci+ Cx) ye 31. Ans: (a) Sol: Given & ——@) Using (2), (3) becomes x» = e™” k Hence, the solution of (1) is x= e™. x9 32. Ans : (B) Sol: Given © (+3 ¥()+2x()=5 => (D?+3D+2)x=5e™ = FD) y= Q() where f(D) CF: =>D?+3D+2=0 >+1)@+2)=0 +3D+2 & QW=5 PI: =o = FH) OO 1 oy 5S (us Praag 8) 7 I/O #0) Solution is x=C, e* +C, 4 But, Ast-+0, x 54 33. Ams: (a) sat: © + pe) y= gy" sn>0 25 $+ 00 y= a0.n>0—() ® Puty'*=V yn dt a) Using (3) and (2) , (1) becomes dy i &t +POv=a) B+ ty vam) = (0 -n) From (2) , we have Seam y 34. Ams: (a) Sol: Given (D? + 2D + 17) y = 0 -—- (1) and yO)= —@ ay’ oe (@) = f(D) y = Q(x) where f(D) = D? + 2D + 17 and Q(x) = 0 Consider f(D) = 0 =D? +2D+17=0 =D=-144i «Solution is Y= (Cy cos 4x + Cp sin 4x) e* —- (4) ay dx +e* [-4C,sin4x+C, 4 cos4x] By using (2), (4) becomes 1=C, By using (3) , (5) becomes O=-e**[-C, +0] +e" 4 [0-4] O= -e [1] +e" 4(-C.4) =e [C,cos4x+C, sin 4x] ACE Engrg eatin to AC ng, enon - Hi iBegin Cpr een)DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS, 101 36. Sol: 3. 0=e™ [1-G.4] 2 1-G .c. The Solution is * [>= 4x+ fain «| dy 2 42) 129= and y(1) = 0 -—— (2) Eh dy dx 42, 95-000) 2logx —o ure lM Solution is given by y (LF)= fOGXILF) de +C sy.t fe 2WBbae yc yx (oes) 4c 2 => yx?=(logx¥ +C ——-@) Using (2) , 3) becomes Jog 1 +C 2. C=Oandy x? =(logx) Hence ye) = W082) b Ans: (6) dy Given +pSteqy=0 ~ (1) and its solution is y= Ci e* + C2¢* —- (2) From (1), we have => (D'+PD+qy=0-—-3) => (D)y = Ax) where f(D) =D? + pD +q & Q(x)-0 From (2), the roots of &(D)=0 are-I and -3 0 (D+) O+3 SpP+4p+3=0-—@) ‘Comparing (3) and (4) , we have P=4 andq=3 Ans: (6) : Given [p +4D+G+n]y=0 = (D+4D+4)y=0 2D +2"=0 aCe B+ Ci xe™ = ™ are independent 38. Ans: (b) Sol: ‘The order and degree ofa differential equation are 2 and 1. 39, Ans: (b) Sol: Given (D*- 5D +6)y=0 =>D'-5D+6=0 =D=2,3 y= oe™ tee" (0) y=e™ +e 40. Ans: (a) Sol: Given Qxy—x +1) dx +3? dy=0—() &x ———- (2) Here My Nx & eq. (1) is exact differential equation ~. Solution of given equation is Jesy-z+t}ie+ frac vy perc 8) ‘Using (2), (3) becomes 41. Ans : (a) Sol: Given (D? + 2D + 101) y= 10.4e" — (1) C.F. is ye= €™ [e1 008 10x + ex sin 103] ad (reaparal 2D+101) loa) Ganon ae _ _104 - aa Toxi04” Ole SAVY y= €* fey cos (10x + ez sin (10)x] +O.1e——@) yl = -€ [er cos 10x + cp sin 10x] + 0.1e" $e [ey 10 sin 10x + ¢2 10 cos 10x] —-@3) 4c Enon etn tof ASE ney -Hybab i Hern a ar & aan Cig Rare)102 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS ACE Leese GE, But (0) = 1.1 ~(4) and y'(0) = 0.9 (5) Using (4), eq. (2) becomes = L401 1-0.1=1 Using (5), eq. (3) becomes => -0.9=—[1+0]+0.1+ [0c] = 10eq= -09+1-0.1=0 =a 2.9 = * [0s (10)x] + (0.1)e" Hence P= 2, Q-1, R-3 42. Ans : (a) Sol: Given (D? +?) y= 0 —(1) Consider (D? +2) =0 = D=+ki £9 ¢1 608 (Kx) + cx sin (kx) Also given y=0 for x=0 and y= 0 for x=a—(4) Using eq. (3), eq. (2) becomes 0 2 y= en sin (kx) —(5) Using eq. (4), eq. (5) becomes => 0= cxsin (ka) For non-trivial solution, we have ©2#0, sin (ka) =0 = ha=mr, nez i ati nez _ ia (=) sy=ersin | iey=E Again (ME) > 43. Ans :(b) Sol: Given Be 2 And ¥(0)=1 LF. ef =e are = fee” ate ay. 8 =x+e—~@) Using 2) & (3) becomes =1=0+e¢ =e=1 44, Ans: (b) Sol: Given (D? + 4D +3) y= 3¢* Consider D?+4D+3=0 1-3 eT ee ~__3e* 3c +4D43 44843 -3 Le is 5 me 45. Ans :(b) Sol: By the definition of degree of a differential equation , the degree of given differential equation is 1. k-—-(3) (Lete"=K) By (2), (3) becomes , Taek “ 1 Henee y= e'” is a solution of (1) Using (2), (3) becomesDIFFERENTIAL : <. Solution is —— = x-1 (or) y= y I-x — isnot defined at x 1 I-x x<1,x> is bounded in the internal 48. Ans: (d) Sol: Given 2 a yo aCe! +C,e* yp 75) Where (x) -, Solution is y=C,e* +C, e* + y2~-(4) using (2), (4) becomes yimerte ty Sertea=yiry > (5) ‘Again using (3), (4) becomes ‘TIONS. 103 y= 00) + 0X6) +92 (exe) =0, _ = aay 0x0=0 moveniton 49. Ans :(b) Sol: By Newton’s law of cooling, we have aT <=-k(T-T,) where Ty aT __y(r-1,) where T Temperate of, T - Temperature of body, t~ Time =T=T,+e%e >() ), T= 60" + (2) Given To-25 using (2), (1) becomes 6o=25+e% 30=35 THT, +e"35 using @), (4 becomes 40-25 +e 4) 8 Sok: Gi => ye=tan(x +e) For c = 3, y = tan (x3) is a particular solution of (1) “sce Sng Pb nt fACE Ee hel =e Do hare Moe are otaanan (Crh Rr51. Ans: () Sol: Given Sxas3nto= 0a and x(0)=2 (2) = Sosa => logx=-3k+e x=e"k + (3) sing 2), @) becomes “ ks2 Hence x(t) = 2e™ is a solution of (1) 52, Ams:() Sol-Given 43x =0 >a and x(0)=1 (2) = D'ssk-0 dx ao =I 30) = f(0):=0, where f(D)=D? +3 Now RD) =0 =D? +(43)=0 = Desiy3 x=C,Cos(y3t)+C,Sin(3t)-» (4) and = V3G, Sinl/3%)+-VEC,Cos (V3 t) (5) By @) (becomes By (3), (5) becomes 1=-V3C,(0)+ V3C, aA saved gi Hence x(1)=Cosv3 +L Sin [3 =0.4096 Sol: Given PraoHy= 0 >) f(D)y = 0 where £(D) =D? +2D+1 &{D)=0 =.D'+2D+1=0 > (D+IP =0 =D=-1-1 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS Cn, By using (2), (4) becomes 0=(C,+0) Ci=0 By using (3), (4) becomes =(C.+C,)" Ci+@:=0 and C=-C)=0 y= Oand y(0.5)=0 54, Ans : (a) Sol: Given (D* +2D+2)y=0 => f(D)y=0 Now f(D) = 0 => D?+2D+2=0 ), -(+i) 2. ¥=(C,Cosx +C,Sinx)e™ (or) y=Cet* 4c,ete Here e“* and eM are independent solutions 5S. Ans : (a) pp: YoY 5 pv _ pdx. Sone rit Stone = logy=logx +loge => y=ox — Straight lines @ dy pdx OQ: Rat 3 af stope => logy =—logx +loge syst > Hyperbolae x Rie a ae Jrdy=frdxte ante 2 Fate xy LY uy Hyperbola etF > Hyperbol dy = sie = fydy=- fadx+e aoe 2 et+Zec 4 Circle 2°23DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS. 56. Ans: (3) Sot:Given $¥3y+2x=0 yf = dydy+2xdx=0 => = ‘The above equation represents a family of ellipses 57. Ans: (b) Sol: By the definition of order of a differential ‘equation, the order of a given equation is two 58. Ans: (a) Sol:Given 24 Ly= and y()=% J LF=e wysFote 30) Using (2), (3) becomes 61 fate 55 =e=l + Solution is ye 59, Ans: (6) :iven 2Y 4p¥ rqy= Sol:Given ST +p y+ a=r = (D’+pD+qyy=r Now f(D) =0 = D?+pD+q=0 party -44 If p? —4q=0 then the roots of {{D) = O are real and different. 60. Ans: (©) Sot: Given 2¥ = 0 (1) & ana lat x=0->(2) a =1 atx=1 38 a dy rom (I), we have = From (1), we have => ysatk 36) where c, k are arbitrary constants Using (3) and (2), (4) becomes © y = x +k where k is an arbitrary constant 74) 61. Ans: (b) Sol: Given (D? +6D +8) y And x (0)= 1 dy &) 0 (3). Consider f(D) = 0 =D? +6D+8=0 2C,e" -4C, e* Using (2) , (4) becomes =C,+C, Using (3), (5) becomes 0-204 Solving (6) & (7), we get Ci=2,G=-1 +. solution is x(t)=2e*-e* 62. Ans : (a) sot: Given “2 abe +0) Also givenn(0)=k — (2) and n(o)=0 > @) (y= (D-jzp-0 Now D? n(x)eCet" +C,00" + (4) 8 Sngering etn et ACE Ac rrl Da ane jos Bos & gaan (Crh Row)106 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS ACE a ane) _ Le G9 a LS Te (5) using (2), (4), becomes k=C)+C, > 6 using (3), (4) becomes O=Ci(~) + C2 (0) and = tany)=x+e Using (2), (1) becomes ietan™(1)=0+C => n4=C + Solution is yot(xs 2) (soon )sin (sy. ssin 7 Joss Y=Ci sin3x+C, cos3x 2. 3C,c08 3x - 3C; sin3x &. ~9C, sin3x-9C, cosx 2--sfc, sin x)+C, cos3x] dy fy y ae @y #Y 920 ae +, Order = 3 and Degree = 2 66, Ans :(@) Given 24D gy Sol: Given FP +2 6y=0 =(0?+D-6)y=0 => f(D) = 0 where f(D} D**D-6 ‘The auxiliary equation is £(D) = 0 =D'+D-6=0 =D=2,3 2 C1 C2 COT) Y=Cy HC 67. Ans:(e) sot: Bryer » The general solution of (1) is WULF) f(LF)et dec pets fetet d+ --(3) Using (2), (3) becomes 1=%+C 68. Ans: (a) iven 2. Sol: s Given ACE xargs (it ACE ig no, Bane es agin & kpaen Cpr rdACE DIFFERENTIAL ‘TIONS 107 69. Ans :(¢) Sol: Given 2. Ky — wd (0 Lye. > faek Jara = log Kx+e, ayse™ where y=ee 70. Ans: (6) Sol:Given y" +2y'+y=0. y@=1———-@)_y(1) () =? +2D+H)y=0 Now f(D)=0 where f(D) = D*+ 2D +1=0 =D'+2D+1=0 =D=-1,-1 Zy=(Ci4Cax)e™ (4) Using (2) , 4) becomes c Using (3), (4) gives 0=(1+C, Je 3 @=-1 Hence the solution is y= (1 -x) * sf ¥Q)=(1-2)e7 =~ 07 71. Ans: (©) Sol: Given (D? + 6D + 9) y= 9x +6 Solution is y= ye + Yp Ye: Consider D' + 6D +9=0 =-3,-3 = (Cx tC e™ 9x+6 = 2) Dr oar ) jl 2 A142 (9x+ 6) {2} Jono y=(Cixt Qye™+ T. Ans: (4) Sot:Given 4 (4y*)x——() ‘The general solution of (1) is > wht 8) 57 @) Using (2), (3) becomes dics c=28 3 2 yeh 74, Ans: (©) ax dx 1 pt ex at ete Sol: Taxato oi tix fa =LF=et =e! t 2Sol. is xt = fidrro=x Given x(1) = 0. (0(0-1)+0-4)y-0 (-4y=0 (0-2)(0+2)y=0 AE tngmerig Pts ACE Ee. Aca pta D, bner Yooa Baylie & Vshegeon) Cris Ron)108 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS ACE Cl Y=Ce4Ce™ yacx? +S x Given yO)-0 3 0-04 9, =0 76. Ans: (d) so: %42y-0 5 D ay es y=Ce (I) =5 => 5= Cet Cy = Se? +. 36.95e™ 77. Ans: () Sol: First order differential equation Yray= x) at ‘The integrating factor LF. = ¢!** Then y('=Gt- fxd LEAs y(0) ‘The modified system solution has to become -2 y(t) for t> 0 ~2y(t) ==? fact) LF.dt + (-2)y(0) -2¥00= JE 2xo)tr.at+[-2¥0)] So the solution to become ~ 2y() Then change the x(t) by ~2x(t) which is the forcing equation and with an initial condition as -2y(0) 78. Ans: (a) Sol: A 2™ order linear homogenous partial differential equation of the form eu au au ret pt C8 re yupa= ae Pay Cart Raven” —) where A,B, C may be constants (or) functions of x,y, p= 24, q= 2 is = aS (H parabolic if B? -4AC = 0 (ii) Hyperbolic if B? 44 >0 ii) Elliptic if B* -44C <0 Given equation can be written as 0-2) From (1) & (2), we have Az1,B=0, C-0 Now B?- 4AC = 0 - 4(1)(0)=0 ‘The given equation is parabolic. 79. Ans: (d) Sol: Given y(t)+ y(t with y(0) = 1 yO= 8) ‘The general solution of (1) is y=Cy cost +C; sint———-(4) Using (2) & (3), we get &C; <. The solution of (1) with given initial condition is y = cost + sint (5) For maximum (or) minimum of (5) we nten/4 Hence, the maximum value of (5) is fae 80. Ans: (b) Sol: Given (D? -kD)s=0 When p= =>D(D-K)=0 =D=0,k using (3), (2) becomes O= 1 +0 ————(5) ‘Using (4), (2) becomes U=cq+q — (6) Solving (5) & (6) for cy & c2 we get. CE Ermine to ACE Aeon pa De, Bera Von pal otha (Cpr eeeACE DIFFERENTIAL PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS 81. Ams: (a) Sol: The general form of 2™ order linear partial differential equation is FU pOU 9 2u Ox? Oxy ay? au ou +fluyu SS Jeo Eq. (1) is (i) parabolic if B’- 4AC = 0 Gi) elliptic if B’- 4AC <0 (iii) hyperbolic if B? - 44C > 0 AL 4B. — 4) 1) @=0 2. Given equation is parabolic. 82. Ans: (©) 83. Ans : (©) Sol: Given f= a,x" +a,x"'y +——+a, 39" +4, y" = fis a homogenous polynomial in x and y of degree ‘n" «=. By Buler’s theorem for homogenous function, we have 84, Ans : (a) Sol: By the definition of order and degree of a partial differential equation is order = 2 and degree = 1 \TIONS: 109 85. Ans: (¢) Sol: Given f= y* => x Figs 86. Ans: (b) Sol: Given equation is 3 order nonlinear ordinary differential equation according to the definition of n° order non-linear ordinary differential equation. 87. Ans: (¢) Sol: Given z= ax +by + ab Differentiate (1) wart ‘x’ = p= = (2) Again differentiate (1) w.rt ‘y’ =q=b Using (2) and (3) (1) becomes 1 2= px + gy + Pq Sol: According to the definition of linear ;partial differential equation, the given partial differential equation is a2" order non-linear partial differential equation, 4 Emerg ain f ACE Eg hcl rea Dt, abo Mons Ba VotomsProbability and Statistics 01, Ans: (4) Bx9x9 18 Sol:- Required probability = a auited probably = SO = 35 02. Ans: (d) Sol:- Given P(E,)=0.5, P(Ez)=0.6, P(E1UE)=0.7 Required probability =P(E, VE,)=P(E,) + P(E) P(E, UE;) =04 03. Ans: (b) Sol:- probability of getting an odd number when a die is rolled: 62 , wy Re bability =3,, x 4x(+) = ‘equired probability =3., 2 (3) 04. Ans: (b) 8 One of two persons may bor in any month, : Then the probability that the second person also may bom in the same month is 1/12 <. Required probability P (E) = 1/12 05. Ans: (c) Sol:- Option ‘c’is the correct statement because if all sample points are less than 5 ‘then expectation cannot be 5 06. Ans:-(c) 19 2 Sol:- P(E, UE3)= 3% P(E, ME) # P(E, )P(E2) (ince the events are independent) P(E\E)= 07. Ans: (b) Sol:- Other cases are not possible. 08. Ans: (d) Sol:- other options does not satisfy Let P(E,)=1 P(E, UE;) = p(E,) + P(E;)~ P(E, NE,)- “141-11 10. Ans: (b) Sol:- probability that a car accident accured on a week day =. Required probability =7,, x 11, Ans: (¢) Sol:- n(S)=16 Probability of all heads or all tails inp = 2a) reer T6 3 :. Required probability = P(A)=I, P(B)=1/2 P(ANB) = P(B)=1/2 Py P(ANB) BP) »(2) nena) A) P(A) 2 Sol:- The probability that first screw drawn is defective is 3/10 ‘The probability that second screw drawn is also defective is 3/10 Required probability 10 “10 ~ 100 15. Ans: (b) Sol : Number of children belonging to families with 3 children = Xa ‘Number of children belonging to families ACS grein Pent ef ACE En set MpaDa htnra Woade Basir & thpunen) (Cri ReedACE 3N , _3N ith 2 children = 28. 2 = 3N with? children = 797 5 Number of children belonging to families, with 1 child = 24 5 Required probability = 2 =f B 16. Ans: (a) Sol:- Required probability 1y (AY 3 = P(x=2)=4,,>(4) »{4 rorcarteld) (2) 17. Ans: (d) Sol: Let X denote the marks obtained for each question. ‘The probability distribution for X is given below x 1 = 0.25 | Px) | 025 | 075 Expected marks for one question =E(X)=EX. POX) = 1. (0.25) + (- 0.25) (0.75) = 0.0625 Expected marks for 150 questions = 150. (0.0625) Total expected marks for 1000 students = 1000 . (150). (0.0625)= 9375 18. Ans: (c) Sol: 65 given p(P)= 2 00-5, PO)= 209 35 _— Rweno-5. 15 pIDNC)= 2. PIPNDNO)= 355 p(PUDUC) = p(P)+ p(D) + p(C)~ PR ND) -p(DNC)-pPNC)+P@NDNO) PROBABILITY & STATISTICS 111 > p(PNDNC) = No.of students, who have not taken any of the three courses = 5200 = 25 19. Ans: (¢) Soli P(G)=02 ; (i=1,2,3,4) P(G2 0 G3/G,) = P(G29 G39 Gi) / P(Gi) 0.2%0.2x02 = 92402502 0.04 02 20, Ans: (@) Probability of drawing a king card ~ fed 320; 13 Probability of drawing two king cards without replacement = x3 = mm B31 22 21. Ans: (6) Soli- Mid value: 76 7.8 8.0 82 84 86 Freq : 1 5 3517 12 10 Dix _ 652, Mean = 2,181 = 16 > er) 22. Ans : (b) Sol : 3 bals of different colors can be drawn in 6 ways 10 2030) _1 Required probability = 6,{ 49 20. satis (eave) 6 23, Ans: (@) Sol: Verifying the each options (a) P(PAQ) = P(P) . P(Q) when P and Q are independent events (b) P@AQ) = PP)+ P(Q)-P(PLQ) => PPAQ) s P(P}+ P(Q) (©) IE (AQ) = 0 then it does not imply that P(PQ) = P(P) . PQQ) @PRNQs PP) 24. Ans: (b) Sol:- Sample space={ HTT, HTH,HHT,HHH } Required Probability = 2/4 = 1/2 408 Bring Pisin ACE Eas hy Da tna Rode Bsr & gaan Crh Rr)112 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS ACE a 25. Ans: (d) Sol: 0(S) = 6x6 = 36 {B,6), (4,5), 6,4),(6,3), (4,6), (5,5), (6.4), (5,6), (6,5), (6,6)} = n(B) n(S) = 10/36 = 10e,x(0.1)°x(0) = 0.1937 27. Ans: (a) Sol: let E be the event of getting the sum 8 or 9 > no =9 1 HOSE Required probability =1-p(2-3 28. Ans: (d) Sol: - leap year =366 days = (52x7) + 2days ‘Sample space ={SM, MT, TW, WTh, THF, FSAT, SAT S,} Required probability 2 Then the normal aon of (1) i given by SystEe = b= EE =r zi y 2 Talat 1s 22a] 44 3 | 27 a1 Ex=6 | B64 | Dy=i 33, Ans: (a) sai sexce)= fas 35. Ans:-(€) Sol: Other cases are not possible 36. Ans: (a) Sol: Probability of drawing an ace card from a 4¢, k of cards = 4C. pac 2, Required probability Sol:- P(100<%<200) ~ from = jem 32. Ans: (b) Sol: Let the required line be y = bx ~ (Cz passing through the origin) a) 12218227.) 5 4s+i0pe5 = pats BO) =xPOK (P22) fe ls 5 5 38 Ans: (d) Sol:- [y(ayde=t = feSx-22?)ér=1 > k=3/14 854085 ) Var (X) = EQ) — [E00] 408 Seri Paton an ACE ng tino Deh, Beerr nen ap Pshean) Cpr ewe40. Ans: (c) Sol:- Given that P(1) = 0. PU2)=0.6 Using conditional probability, the probability that a student is failed in paper 1 given that he is failed in paper 2 is given P(ln2) ~ P(in2) Pur)= "Ta > ° 02 Required probability= P(192)=0.12 41 Ans: (6) Sol:- For uniform distribution, f(x) =. fora 110) = a=> PRS90) =a => PUES 110)= 1-20. 47 Ans: (c) ‘Sol:- Let P be the probability of getting head 2 PE)=p+apsa'p+- =pll+q?+q'+- P I-q % 48. Ans: (d) Sol: Given Ix=6, Yy=21, EP =14, ‘Lay = 46 and three values of x and y to fit the straight line Let y=at bx ‘Then the normal equations are Sy=nat b¥x Dxy=adr+ be where umber of points 2 21> 3a 6b 46 =6a+ 14d 22: 21 3a+ 7b 3a +(-) 6b 49. Ans: (d) Sol:- nas ro aim “amy w= 102, 0=27 We know that P(y-s 2) = PRK = 0) + P= 1) = Le? [142] = 1-37 64, Ans: (©) Sol: Probability of picking a white ball ale BIN wie wl Sol : Eo fAMMANAAEIEAANEACNOOAANG ES n(E) Required probability= 5, n(S)=36 rE) 1S _ 5 nS) 36 12 ‘numbers on chips is even number. nf) —(2x5)+ (3x3) =19 Required probability 2 67. Ans: (6) Sol:- In a Poisson distribution mean 3 per year = 6 pertwo years Required probability P(X s2)= AUX =0)+ P(X =1)+ P(X =2) -e'[1+2+Z] -00019 68. Ans: (d) Sol:- ws.p5 4 - AX21 70. Ans: (a) Sol {,H);(4,7);(7, 1), (T,T)} Atleast one head coming in the two times therefore neglect (T,T) in S Hence, the required probability = 1/3 ‘71. Ans: (d) Sols-(R= var(X)= £(X?)-[E(x)>0) ‘Variance never be negative 72. Ans: (d) since variance of constant is zero 73. Ans: (b) Sol: P{max(X,Y)] PIXsx, ¥ sy] [X 1) = fets)-dx, 1 e 222 gikas 173 i Ma y 80. Ans: (b) eee Sol: Difference berween the two normal random variables is also normal random = aian25] variable Cnet rele P(3V22U)-P(3V-2U20) LOC eanaei20 pa P(Z20)=1/2 76. Ans: (b) Sol: P(X)=0.6 P(y)=04 81. Ans: (d) (2) =0.96 (8)=07 Y)_P(var) Ge) a) Pere(4) POOR ZF PXPRG, ___ 04)0.72) (0.6)0.96)+(0.4X0.72) 0.288 *(a)-aeaH 43) oe (§)-83 TT. Ans: (a) Sol: Given y= 1000 We know that Z=%—H = 0334 0. a P(Z>1)=05-PO0 =cos x has solution in (0, x] ‘But £30) = 29.13 and remaining function values are po: -+ The equation has exactly one solution in (0, x] 05, Ans: (b) Sol: Let x= Vb (ot) -b=0 Then fx) =x? ~b and f(x) = 2x fe) 06. Sol: Given f(x) = x—cos x = f'(@) = 1+sinx ‘Newton-Raphson method is given by S(,) t'G,) Sy = 4, Ee cemted ~fitsing,] 07. Ans: (d) i: The finite difference approximation for the a ervative ofa ial a a point x9 is #'@) = L(%+h)-2F(%9)+ f(A) oe 08, Ans: (6) Sol: Letx= Ve then x-c= 0 = fa)=P—e= 0 and fig)= 37 Newton ~Raphson method is given by 7 f(x.) _ki-e uw FG) an _ Br-xte 3x, 09, Ans: (c) Sol:Letflx)=°-2 and xo=-1 4H Bring Pos of AE ede Hie, Ded Bone Men apie ahaon (Cpa eedACE 2.8282, 2 4 a | 3 3 Teapezoidal rule is given by we [1) a= A to+90+200492 ot ym (00+) +2601 [a+9+2@)] = 9 36. Ans: (b) : Given By = Sot: Given 2 y 30) = 0 m= (2) Also given 1 ¥(03)=? we have yw=0 (1) and Euler's first order method is given by y= yot h Ao, Yo) oral {48 Bang Pans anf A r,t Dt, hme eee, rir thane (Cpr eiACE y= 0+ (0.1) (o+30)=0.1 [0+ 0] =0.0 ya yr hfler, 1)=0.0 + 0.1) [0.1 + 0.0] +001 =0.01 Va y2+ h flea, y2)=0.014(0.1)[0.2 + 0.01] =0.01 + 0.021 =0.031 37. Ans: (@) Sol: Given 7-13=/lx)=0 and x9=3.5 Newton ~ Raphson formula is mann Lis) S's) yo L(%) _{esy-13] (x, 23.5) Cf @)=2) = 35-[(12.25)-13 = 35-27). ne oe S 2525 _ 5 6a 38. Ans: (4) Sol: We know that the Simpson’s 1/3" rule (08) Simpson’s rule is ‘ h [fe de= F 100490) +401 +99 tose $Y) + 22+ Ya too + Yad] 42025 x= 0.50 x5 07 T0942 j2=O8 = 064 and h= 0.25 Simpson’s rule (or) Simpson's 1/3" rule is given by [00+ yn) + 401 +934. + Yn) +2024 Yate +Yna)l 2) [a +05) +40.9412 Jrcoa= +06 +08 22 seam = 92 [3.1 + 6.3248] NUMERICAL METHODS. 123 = 22 poazasy = 2555 = 0.7854 s+ JF)de= 0.7854 40. Ans: Sol: Given f(x)=x+Vx-3=0 and x9=2 ai+— Sart TE ‘Newton ~ Raphson formula is ine (0.4142) (1+1.2071) x =2-0.1876 8124 41. Ans: (a) Sol: Given ffx)=x"-N=0 =>f@=2 Newton — Raphson formula is (x) 2xp -xP +N 42. Ans: (©) Sol: a 1 | 05 | 0338 | ice. m2 med yi=05 — y2=03333 Ae ageing at (tf ACE Ege Aen Det, Baron agi & Yate) (ypeand A= Simpson's ruleis [y d= Mov +0 + 401495 tote #20 fh a= Broo e401 + yma) ((1+03333)+40 =23385 7 foae=tant 43. Ans: (b) Sol: Given 10x) sinx1 -0.8=0 10x} ~ 10x, c08 x1 -0.6=0 and %, = 0.0, %, = 10 let ffs, 22) = 10.2 sin. -0.8 = 0 and gi, x2) = 10x} - 10x; cos x; -0.6=0 be the system of non-linear equations ing, &x ‘Then the Jacobian matrix ‘J’ is given by TA fh aA a [Ea t= 8, 8 Ie) Where J, ~Eteart Eien) By = Falun) Bx, = Zalovn) _ [l0x, cos.x, 10sin x, ° {10x,sinx, 20x; -10c0s x, a) 10 0 [0 al Sub intervals => b-a =3n ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS ACE 15-05 =3h h= Yn033 O= fr@ac=ee9] 94.8149 e= oan ossis-0012 45, Ans: (d) 46, Ans: 0.5 1.52 to 0.55 (b-a) «Jew ae cy ae] iz = tt") From the given integral, the given function is fx) =x" +10 ee fem ea =[r" cof = pax} =96 ) By Trapezoidal Rule, we have A [00d = HG. +¥0)+209, +92 +. y)) Given {a, b) = (0, 3] From the table, we have he o3= 2 10 «. frooax 2(049)420009+036+081 +1.4442.2543.2444,4145.76+7.29+9)] = 9.045 03 {ACE Emin Potent of AE gene Deh, Ban Ven, eel pane) pri RdComplex Variables OL. Ans : (€) Sok: Given 2=x+iy =e ro x=Re()= 02, Ans: (d) Sol: e* = cos +isin & > 08 $~ ising eee 2 = -iy z+z* 2 608 = 03. Ans : (b) Sol: i'= €™ ef (since 2° cos +isin® nk 05 +isin® =0+i, 2 sol) _ Em é e 2B ert (tags =1) 04. Ans: (b) Sol: The general equation of circle is given bye-al=r where z, is centre & radius is ‘Now the equation of the given circle is e+ 1=1 (01) eC) - eentre = (-1, 0) and radius = 1 05. Ans :(b) Sol: ¢” is a periodic function with periodic 2ni fee * e = e* (cosy + i siny) * eosty +2) + I sin y + 2nm)] Cea Siyriame get = f{z)= fz + 2nin) ¢” is a periodic function of period 2zi. 06. Ans: (a) Sol : Given w= a+b wee IO Unit circle [2] = 1 Consider |z|<1 which represents inside of this unit cirele |z| = 1 = |utive t| The function w= =— maps the zl inside of unit circle in the z plane to the left half of the w plane. 07. Ans: (c) Sol: By the properties of modulus of z we have ni bl le, +23] $2, + [2a bital+bi-z option (¢) is wrong. (4, not a property of ‘|2|) 08. Ans: (a) Sol: : font fat ACE mining aio ACE ahha DN ih os Spire aaganon) (Cprigh here)126 ENGINEERNG MATHEMATICS 1 Cosz Singular points of are £ (2n+1) %4 ,n=04,23,. But the given region is unit circle |2| =1 :, L has no singularities in fa] = 1 cosz Hence by Cauchy's integral theorem, we have ), singularities set = 6 in 09. Ans: (a) Sol: Contre is (5,5) 0C= Joa? + AC? = 25425 = ¥50 = 5y2 OB=OC-BC= 5y2 -2 :. The minimum distance from the origin tothe circle is S¥2 -2 10. Ans: (c) Sol is satisfied by z’= Z is a solution of z= 1 11. Ans : (a) Sol: . logz= F loetx? +y") + itan? (“) is not defined at origin (0,0) = logzzis not analytic at origin (0,0) . 12. Ans: (@) Sol: Given I= is —j]=2 1 244 de where C (ea), = aa ; Jes oi i 242i (3 7a) i+ 21 13. Ans: (b) Sol: Given function is w= Inz where weutiv & z=xtiy a Hoa(e+y?)esean-(2) 2 1 f sue qloate’ +9") &v= tan ‘(2 But given that u = constant (c) = lols +y = log(x? + y*) =2 > x+y= e eyed? . = xsy'= Cf where q=e Which represents the set of concentric circles with centre as (0, 0) and radius ¢,.. 14, Ans: (a) tne eee Sol: Poem) = imo) a baton Hh vise Hh ) a giteei ® 16. Ans: (b) =! eo 7 :. 2= (isa pole of order 2 ACE Exec abit hit f ACE gy Ann Had Da Ber na eg & Vester Rwr)Sol: Given §= x’ y* for fz) = u+iv +iy & y=? Also given y (x,y) =O at x=0, y=0 dy = yx dx + wy dy (Vaan by & Wy = oy) — by dx + bs dy. (-2y) dx + 2x (dy) xy +k v.(0,0)=0+k 0= 0+ +. k=0 and stream function is y (x,y) = 2xy 18, Ans :(b) Sol: Given f(z) = (x,y) + iy (%y) and (x,y) w (uy) are continuous 2” order derivatives For the function f(2)= $+iy tobe analytic function the § and y must satisfy Canchy ~ Reimann equations . 86 BY ang 2¥ 2b @x dy" Ox dy Singular points of Singular points of == by 1+2=0 But z= i lies in the contour COMPLEX VARIABLE 127 or GD eri = pere = 2ni f@) where (2) = zi 1-283 (4)-* ivi 21, Ans: (@) sot:t= ft 1 ieee Gana 1 ‘The singular points of e given 1=0 ie, S= lies in the contour D. USD de=2-ni m1) where sol 1 (9-5 Hence 1=2ni (45) =i i 22, Ans : (6) = =15+20i430i+40 9416 254505 +21 23. Ans Sol: f(z) = 1 (@427 @2F z= 2iisa pole of f(z) of order 2 Res (f(z) : z= 20) roa ! [ oe ‘| (m-)! (game) {408 Baer ee ht ACE Ay —Fraa Beira pnads Bre Vthpamon (Cpr Rw)24, Ans : (a) Sol: = frow- ad (8) tp oF aio (= _ (+ g(z) = cos 2) Since z= 0 ties in the unit circle => (e?)— 20i(e%) -1=0 ue _ = (201) + V=40044 2 =e 201 V=396 _ 201+ 6iv11 2 2 =10it3ViITi logfi(10+3VT1)) = logi+ log(10+3V11) = t= logit {E4200 ofg002 5) >i (E::2n0 +1og0.02347) =a" ( 2m) -itog(t02 341) where n= 0, 1,2, <, Sin 2= 10 has infinite number of complex solutions. 26. Ans :(b) Sol:The straight line y = 0.1 from -c0 to co not passing through the origin in z-plane is transformed into a circle passing through the origin in the w-plane under the ‘mapping (or) transformation w = I/z. Letz=x + iy &w=utiv ENGINEERNG MATHEMATICS ACE + The points (x, y) in th 1* and 2° quadrants are transformed to 3" and 4* quadrants as x is positive and negative, y is only negative, u is positive and negative, v is only negative. 27. Ans: (4) Sol: Given X(z) |z|>a G-a}" Let f(z) = X(z) z** (-aF ~ a) Here z= a isa pole of f(z) of order 2 +. Res (fz): z=a) col] ~ nfo fens =e ane 28. Ans: (@) So: fiz)= 2-1 eal _ The singular points of f(z) are given by 2+1=0 iez=ti 29. Ans :(c) . cos (22) sot am Fea ‘The integral has singularities 2= 4 , 3 ¥, tiesin But only spe 1 pleos@x2/@-3) 4 2 (1/2) ut v ip) =008(202) 52m (3) where fi) = SSA 5 ACE Engrg ann hat ACE gon dd Dh, Baa mee ae ipa) (Cpr RendACE COMPLEX VARIABLE 129 30. Ans: (d) sori= ftf® gp Daz where f(z) = Co+ Ciz" =Cy+ St z I= fRGHGID = SEG ac aH Btls ro) et F@)=%+Co2+C) & Fz) =14+C9+0 2njO+1+C) j(Co+1) “By verification opin (©) will satisfy the given equation x’ 33. Ans: (a) in z LG) yp - gsinz Sol: FF de = ra ada te of 2 njf0) where 2-nj (sin 0-2 xj (0) 1=0 34, Ans: (0) Sol: Given u=xy for f(2) = u(xy) +iv (xy) dv=v,dx +, dy ~ uy dx + vy dy dv =-xdxtydy 1. Me = Vy & Ve == U5) Uh Wh tha 38. Ans :(d) Sol: (3 ~2i) (3 +4 9+ 12i-61-— 17+ 61 36. Ans: (b) Sol: f(x + iy) = (x? - 3xy*) +i xy) =V Gy) +i Oxy) Where y (x,y) =x? — 3 xy” 46 = dra + by dy = Wy dx + Wa dy do =-(0- ex det GX? —3y')dy 67 (42 o F + ae) @ =ary-y 37. Ans : (b) - Peal 38. Ans: (a) Sol: Given a = 1 (01) @= (1) @ is the cube root of unity But, we know that, sum of the cube roots: of unity is zero ie. 1to+o™=0 39. Ans: (d) Sol: z-plane G+) dz and Cisx?+y= 27 +8 ES 1=2 Ba j/Q/)]=-4n) where f(z) =z" +8 (Since z= 3 lies in the contour) 18 Erin tn nt ACE hn - Noah i Biden peels Bs & athpanon) (Cpr hs)130 40. Ans :(c) Sol: Given X(2) = Ae = The poles of X(2) are 0, 1,2 which are simple poles R, =Res (X(Z):Z=0) oa) 22). bo 7a Z=3 es (X(Z):Z=1) =Lt i ey Be" 7@- @- | 1 -3 . alt een | or 2 41. Ans :(@) po fe aees ‘The singular points of the integrand are radi, -2-i But, the given contour does not contain singular points By cauchy’s Integral theorem, we have je fe e4es5 dz, whereC is dz=2ni(0) =0 42, Ans: (0) Sol: f(2) =l+ = Res( fiz): 2= 0) = 1 «fet dz =2ni R, = 2ni (1) = 2m Sol: (1+i) (2-5i) = 2-5i + 2145 = 7-31 ENGINEERNG MATHEMATICS 44, Ans: @) Sol: Given u = 3x? —3y* for f(x-+iy)=u(xy)+iv@%y) dvs v, dev, dy sou, dxtu, dy (ou, dv =~ (0-6y) dx+6xdy ve éxy +k 45. Ans: (b) | Sol: | = dz = le eae Ney ea 1 a aan ey dest Gt ae, Cis [e+=1 2 IF a 1 dz ot = ihe Day” slenen° i + ; 2ni (0) 46. Ans :(d) Sol: Given that the point z inside of the unit circle within the first quadrant. —() But the given transformation is w = 1/z iekict - Substituting eq(2) in (1), we get Beajeiot => hutiv> Lwhere w=u+ iv =utvol =>? + v7 1 >0 which shows that the point w lies outside the unit circle in w- plane. ACE Bg Pin (at f AE nA Aye Ms Yn Bai tpn! (ip BasedLet y=x* => log y=x log x = log y =i logi= iloge? 48, Ans: (c) 1 afro 2 Sot: fr(z)az = | (az- faz ang OM? 355 [fet fens =h faz-o 2xj gz+l =£(-1) where fiz) = 1 -l 49. Ans: (b) Sol: We know that i= e'*? on vf of Sh) 50. Ans: (a) Sol: Given 1= The singular points of (2) = given by 2°+4=0 O= 222-21 But only 2=2i lies in jz je =A) a+ 2i) 4 2-21 AcE ngs Pet (tf ACE Eg het ra Dh kere Vs Regie & Patan) (CriedLaplace Transforms O1. S L{Q0 }= = fe “dt ,T=2n 03. Ans: (€) Sol: F(s)= > s+9 s+9 Si+6s413 (643) 44 LR) ust } =e [eos 2t +3 sin 2t] 04, Ans : (b) Sol: Final value = Limf(t) = Lim s F(s) = Lim — ee Fae) 05. Sok: L'{F(s—a)) =e" A) ” = 06. Sok: L{eeos a) = 07. Ans: (b) Sol: £(0") = Lim f(t) = Lim s F(s) = 2 Ae) = Lim £00) ¥O)=1 917} -6 Ly} +Li9) - = 9fs* Lty}-3s-1]-6[s Lfy)~ aL iyie0 09. Ans: (a) st5 " (s+1)(s+3) af =the} 10. Ans: (a) Sol: L{cos at} = = Sa F(s) 1 = re_weSo =L {e" cosat}= F(s-a): eae 11. Sol: [?¥(5)-75-3] -4[s¥(6)-3] +37(@) <0 = YO" gad 15-3 y=e'+6e** 12. Ans: (a) Sol: L{u,(t)} = Ie 4, (at = — 13. Ans: (@) SolL{(6-+1)?} = tet 14, Ans: (b) Sol = Lim f(@) = Lim sF(s) = 15. Ans: (6) Sol: L{(?* ~ 2t) u(t-1)} =L{(H1 u--at— 1} word ACE Ege Pains a of AC ender De Sarr gle Pann)ACE LAPLACE TRANSFORMS 133 ES 16. Ans: (b) ‘Sol: By second shifting Theorem L{ft-T)} =e" FG) 17, Ans:(@) sor: # 18. Ans: (c) Sol: L{(a + bt)’ } =a L(t) +29b Lie) BLE} b? a? 2al =24 19. Ans: (b) Sol: h() = {f(T) a(t—T)aT= (0 * a(t) SL fr} =L{f + a }=FO GO 1 O43 20. Ans: (d) Sol: ff } +8) £0) and 1 Joa} - FE Ho 21. Ans: (d) aft Vf sotus{ hau} (-3)} ihe 22. Ans: (¢) Sok: L{f(t)} = je “sin t dt [soo 1 _ ite Sa Sa al 23. Sol: L{y"(t) +4 y(} = 12 Lit} = [s* Lty(0} - 9] +4 Liy} = > = (9 4) {yO} = Bas 1249s' 3 = Ly} = sera) s = y() = 3143 sin 2t + 4 24. Ans: (c) Sol: Final value = Limy(t) = Lim s Y(s) 25. Ans: (b) a Sol:L (Sin at} = Ss 26. Ans: (©) Sol : Lim i(t) = Lim si(s)=2 27. Ans: (b) Sol: L{u(t—a)} = fe* u(t-a)dt = S82 4238+6 s(67 +2842) L“{F(9)} =3 + €°[2 cos t+ 15 sin t] lim £()=3. or lim_f(0) = ims F(s)=3 Sol: Given F(s) = = fD= 29. Ans: (a) Sol: L{cos(pt+q)}=L {cos pt cos q-sin pt sin q) =00sq-2s - singh, sap 4p _scosq~psing oF ap 30. Ans: (a) Sol: L{e*"5} = where s>(a#2) 31. Ans: (@) Sol : By the definition of Dirac delta function 32. Ans: (a) Sol: Lim f(t) = Lim sF(s) = 0 408g Pai hat FACE Any - ra Da Bhar Rigas Agr oahopanon) Cpr Rene)134 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS ACE — 33, Ams: (a) sau feex} =" 34, Ans: (d) Sol: ube} =s1'}-8.$- 8 35. Ans: (a) Sol: L{sin ht} 36. Ans: (b) Sol: L{cosha: 37. Ans: (b) Sol: fer a 38. Ans: (6) Sol: L" {zs} Fe “fol 39. Ans: (4) ast Sek: £0) = anticnl Lim sF(6) =1 a 48 i 0 Sedge Lim £0) (By Partial fractions) =-ltttet 41. Ans: (c) Sol: L{u((t-0) 42. Ans: (a) Sati- 240) = fer* "eu =o fed 43. Ans: (b) Sol Lim f(t) = Lim sF(s) 2s? +8 im f(t) = Lim sF(s) = Li {Lim £(0) = Lim sF() = Lim 44. @ Ans: (4) 0 <0 Sok- f(t)=}1 O5 (ii) Ans: (a) Sol: Lie} = fe (O)dt + fer dt+ Jer (Oat 45. “ . (y . ( 1 J ry EG) eae er? ROC = i <|d<3 46. Ans : (d) So: A) Fy = st 2s41 Gy f(t) > -£ FG) 47. Ans: (d) Sol: y" +2y +y=8() Liy"} +2 Ly} + L(y} = L(G} Is’ ¥-sy(0)-y +2 [89-0] +9=1 (@ +2s+l)¥ + 2s+4=1 (pe eo Yo Gry Gy GP +1)-1 +1 GIP y(t) = -3te* — 20% + 2te* y(t) = -tet - 2e* WY tet eta ret dt ay Att=0,——=0-1+2=1 dt LAPLACE TRANSFORMS: 135 48. Ans: (d) Sol: uf 1_\= s+ 49. Ans: (¢) Sol: S+t=0-E"()es(t)=0 Lie" @}+L{@)}= o = 8'f()-st(0)-£'0)+7(6 (6? +1F(6)-s(0)-4= 0 4 sal ‘ eo=1"fio}-1"{ = i}essine or rs The solution of a f=0is f(t)=C, cost +C, sint (1) f'(t)=-C, sint+C, cost > (2) (1) > 0) = C; cos0+C; sin 0=> 0=C, Q) > FO =-C; sin 0) +C2 cos (0) 34-0) 2 Q=4 sint L{e(t)} = 4L {sin ¢} Ac ngeig Pet (tf CEE. Aco Dt, Vea angle &Ythapnan (Cre Rae)Calculus OL. Ans: (a) L cay-systna, 2. Lary-aysiea, => (1, 1), (2,~ 1) are the stationary points At (I, 1) and (2, -1) | Using L’Hospital Rule a+ 2=0 [£4] <0 no extremum 02, Sol: Lim (e+ xe"-25inx () x90 (-cosa+x(Sinx) (0 Again using L’Hospital Rule Lime +e" +xe"—2eosx (0 oo SReercews (@) Again using L’Hospital Rule et tet +xe" +2sinx x90 cosx+cosx+cosx—x-sinx 141404 1+1+1-0 03. Sol:- Flew ac fn p[E-2 Tan 's]a 04. Sol:- Put y’=t = 3y'dy=dt mvt b Karle a forte at 23 3273 05, Ans: (a) Sol: flog dr = xlogx— [Integration by parts) = x log x-x 06. Ans: (a) Sol: Y en x=2 la. Vj = Volume generated by revolving y’ = 8x between y = -4 and y= 4 above Y-axis. fxo- fe 8 | ors V2= Volume generated by revolving between y=-4 and y= 4 above Y-axis. = Pima [abPay =320 Required volume = V2~ Vi = pee stationary point yis2+ a =y"(5)=2+4=6>0 x => y is minimum at x=3 08. Ans: (c) Sol: Using Lagrange’s mean value theorem, (=O where f(x) = Ax? +Bx+C in (e,) = 2Ae +p (Ab? +Bb+C)-(Aa? + Ba +) aoe 2 y=sinx? -sin1 09. Sol 9 « axcosx? ox ACE ging Paint ACE deena Da toe Mee pire ahem (Cpr eeeCALCULUS 137 nee! 10, Ans: (@) soi & =—8 = = a ye 11. Ans: (a) Sol:- Lim 30° +sinx, novos Detsindx 12, Ans: (b) Sol: points of intersection (2,2) 4, 8) [osx fa.4) 0,0) 3 Given limits are y=x' ty =2x . i Variable limits for andx = Otox i} u To change the order of integration write ‘the variable limits for x x=y/2tox=dy andy=Otoy=4 J JfGuy)dxdy ayn 14. Ans: (b) Sol: Third term F (a) -a} 15. Ans: (b) Sol: = Lim “2 =0 [put vx =H) 16. Ans: (b) Sol: |x +al is continuous every where x +al is differentiable every where except at x =a fx +1 is not differentiable at -le[-2,0] 17. Ans: (a) Sol: f'(x)=3x?-12x+9=0=>x=13 £"(x)=6x-12 £"(1)=-6 <0 => max, at x=1 £"3)=6>0= Min at x=3 18, Ans: (b) Sol: Let fix) be defined in [0, 1] By lag range’s mean value theorem, 3 ce (04)such that £(¢)= £0)=£0) 1-0 _ f()-2 1 We know that Min (7'(@)}< f'(@)< Maxtf"(x)} O 2.20=> (8) isminimam atx = 2 fM=6, fQ)=12 s. Max value = 12 4 ngnnig sats tf CEE An ve De, bmn Meas apr Voto (Crh Rr)138 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS ACE Ee 21, Ans: (b) Sol: Area = fede ‘ 22, Ans: (©) Sol: f(x, y)=fly.x) => curve is symmetric about the line y = x 23, Ans: (a) Sol: Standard limit formula, Lim Si =m 24, Ans: (a) so: Hf! form>0 ay dx |-1x<0 ax defined when x = 0 rw 6f(x)has maximum atx=1 £72) =6>0= f(x)bas minimum at x =2 27. Ans: (b) TAF is convergent is p> 1 and diverges ifp < 1 28. Ans: (b) Sol: condition for no maxima and minima at (a,b) 29, Ans: (4) So: x)= 0) +x £(0)+ Lt f(x) = Sinx : Sin x = x- 30. Ans: (4) Sol:Taylor's series exist only for continuous and differentiable functions and Fourier’s series exist even though the function have finite no.of discontinuous points 31. Ans: (b) s Equite S29 x20, y=0 ©. (0, 0)is the only point of inflection (32, Ams: (a) -lo+of ot n+ 2) = faye Oat a, @n+2)(2n+)) nou, 4 “Du, is convergent 33. Ans: (¢) Sol:- Using L Hospital rule Lim 1 jsev* x30 10° je* 34. Ans: (d) Sol: im. 1 ny ent Teo 35. Ans: (0) Sol: £(-x) 8x) (1) =#(x) ACE Bring scot ACE ag Anon Mad De Bac Wen age Pst) (Cpr RendACE 36. Ans: (a) So: Let y= (x—a)** = logy = (x-a) log (x-a) > Lim(logy)=Lim(x—a)iog(«— > tele») = in ua = a) = bim(x-a)"* 37, Ans: (@) Sol:- 38. Ans: (d) Sol: rowenta = foolEss)-cor}a 41. Ans: (b) Sol: bi fae 139 42, Ans: (4) 48. Ans: (@) Sol:- Pey-os reefs r{-$)>0 => fi) has a aiimma reff 2 46. Ans: (6) So:- y= Limn® logy = Lim 982 a yee” 47, Ans: (d) Soi fiaemateion|* Ely 0 it xed x] is not differentiable at x = 0 => f{x) is odd function % Jros =0 {AcE Egmng Penns a of ACE Ang Horak a Ber res Snr & thpanon) Crh Roel)440 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS SS i 49. Ans: (c) 50. Ans: (b) Sol: f,=4x+2y, f, = 2x-3y? =x=0% (0.0) (}4.-Y) are the stationary point. 51. Ans: (a) Sol: Lim xsinx =10=0 52. Ans: (b) Se 53. Ans: (c) Sol: & =a(1+Cos0), Se asino fy/ dy Yo __asino % = teat = Tan dx dx, all-+cos6) 54, Ans: (a) Sol: V = f [sina 55. Ans: (b) eit Sol: Li - ot ea Tae 7 x41 56. Al Sol: £'(x) = 6x? ~ 6x ~3¢ = (x-3)x+2)=0 = x=3,-2 f(x) £"(3) £"(-2)=-30<0 => maximum at x=-2 (a) 87. Ans: (a) Sol: {(Sin‘x-+in’x)dx = 2 [Sin’x dx Sin*x is even function, Sin’x is odd function, 2h sled if f(x)seven 0 if s(x) soda \ [oa 58. Ans: (a) Sol: f(x)=x"e™ £'(x)=e*[-x? +2x]=0 x =0,x=2 £"(x)= efx? -2x-2x +2] £"(0)= 2 > 0=> f(x) has minimum at x =0 £"(2) [-2]<0> fx) has maximum at x= 2 59, Ans: (d) Sot [ee hoe joa ~ [+> Improper integral of I kind] ACE erie Pico ht ACE ge Anya Da, Boner ema eg Papen Crh Rew)ACE 144 60. Ans: (a) Variable limits for y ‘Changing the limits x=0tox=4y VPIPSS 63. Ans: (€) Sot: fx*ax om é sea-com feos x +Sinx]=0 Ws #61/,)<0=>maximumatx Max Value = #0%4)=e" 65. Ans: (€) x if x>0 Sol: f(x)= =x) if x<0 Oif x=0 f(x) is continuous at x = 0 LHD=0 RHD=0 f(x) is differentiable at x= 0 3x? if x>0 w. £'(x)=4-3x? if x<0 0, if x=0 6x if x>0 Similarly, £""(x)=4~ 6x if x<0 0, if x=0 (6 if x>0 And £'"(x)=4-6 if x<0 Doesnotexist if x=0 66, Ans: (b) Sok: y=x? in[1, 5] y is minimum when x is minimum in (1, 5] yy is minimum atx = 1 ‘Minimum value of y= (1)°= 1 67, Ans: (b) Hint: Use expansion of e* and apply L hospital’s rule Sol . el 48 Snare ACE eA yo i, hore Roa Bax opaon (Cpr ara)142 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS ACE —S 68, Ans: (b) Sol: y=x4yx+Vxtvx4...0 = (y-x) =y=9 y?-2ny4x?=y Atx=2,y? Neither maxima nor minima exist. ) Sol: Lim S27 — m [Standard limit] Lim 2(0/2) 7. Al 72. Ans: (b) Sol: 7B. A Sol: f(x): Linear approximation £(2)+(x-2}t"@) =e? +(x-2\-e7)= (3-x)e? 74, Ans: (6) Sol: 2 i 1° +2 3 + (Neglecting x? and higher powers x of xas [xl cc] 75, Ans: (a) Sol: f(x)=x?—x—2 in [-4, 4] (x)=2x-1=03x=4 is a stationary point (()=2>0.=> minimum at x= ¥4 +. The greatest value lies at extreme points + fA) = 18, £14) = 10 eMax.at x=—4 Max. value= 18 76. Ans: (a) Sok: [fee dx dy= [fer +’) ax ay Putx=rcos0, y=rsind, [=r Ha = Tle *rdrdo= = a8 4 ‘77. Ans: (b) Sol: f(x) =(c! ~4)? where x eR (x)=2fe 4px <0 x=0,2,-2 (x) =a(ox? 4)ACE ‘CALCULUS 143 aE 78. Ans: (4) Hint:- 2sina cosb =sin(a +b)+sin(a—b) 79. Ans: (a) Sinx Lim 1 Sol:- om xm 1, Cose 140 80. Ans: (b) Sol: Sx) #123? ~ 48x? +48) f()=48>0 => minima at f"(2)=0= No extremum at 81. Ams: (a) Sol:- fio ary 82. Ans: (a) So: 83. Ans: (b) Sol: y=x? +2x +10 gy Derx+2> eo 84. Ans: (€) So: Standard Limit, Lim = aa 85. Ans: (c) y(2)= 1, yB)=0, 4) = 1, ¥S)= 4 Maximum value of y is 4 87. Ans: (a) Sol: f(x)=e* +e" where xeR fx)=et- O>e’ =x=0 f"(x)oe% +e* =f"(0)=141=2>0 => minimum ‘Minimum value f(0) = 2 88, Ans: (a) 89. Ans: (6) Sol: f(x)=e" +Sinx about x= Coane Coy es 22 90. Ans: (a) ‘Sol: Equation of straight line segment from (0.0) 0 (1,2)is y= 20-1) Jalsydin= fbx? +10)x= fx’ + 10x61) ox =33 91. Ans: (0) Sol: f(x)=e* about x = 2 Coefficient of (x -2)' = 92. Ans: (b) y Sol: Lim* =x" Ac ng ato mf C8 Eee Actin =e Dl, Rabeera ene Bee aap (Cpr Ree)144 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS ACE ————— 98. Ans: (d) Sol: Total length = 24 1 (2) an = af voto 99. Ans: (a) Sol: Volume ~ “fy? ax = fo(V ax = 7 100, Ans: (a) Sol: Let p(x, y, z) be point on z?= I+xy OP= xb tyitzt =e ty ale ay Let f(x,y)=x? +y? +1+xy =2xty, f=2yen f, =2fy= Sy =2=9x=0, y=0 At(0,0) ~f,=3>0 andf,,=2>0 3 Minimum a (0,0) Minimum distance = YO+0+1+0 =1 and f,=0 Length = (ya So area ‘fx cosdx =0 4 101. Ans: (a) Sol: [-. x Cosx is odd function] ’ te ” eo ® Area os = 2] 102. Ans: (4) Sol: (x (x)= SE about x= ® Letx-n=t Horizontal sip ~Si0 pour po x=yltox 8 eS aout r= y=0 wy. e we Volume = i ‘frre J) #8 Egan Peis af AE Bg. Arbre a has ia Brg & Vp) (Cpr seed‘CALCULUS aS 103. Ans: (a) Sok: Let f(x y) = xy a a 4 a= Fax+ Ady =yae ted eat WY ly 104. Ans: (b) mes Lif (t)=1 but £(0) does not exists 105.Ans: (b) Sol: P= fe" &x= xe" -e"] wle-e)-(0-1}-1 106. Ans: (a) Ye coy tog = 88 =0=x=0 i) »_Ilogx = ES a cos) 9h Vg 108. Ans: (c) : eo Sol: $0)= Fe Je%ae= por 27! 109. Ans: (b) wa 111. Ans: (a) (x, y)= 4x? + 6y? -Bx—4y +8 112. Ans: (b) Sol: Expansion of Sin x 113.Ans: (d) aes onthe = 2% 114,Ans: (¢) Sol: y=[2~3x| is continuous Vx eR and is not differentiable at x = 24 ACE Energon tf ACE eh ral DAM Bibra Noone Beso & aap) (Cpr hor)146 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS ACE —— 116 Ans: ©) Lim os = tim Aeosx xn/2 wl-x- Lim —Asin . Pxoge a) aa 117.Ans: (b) 7 f(x) b-a al Fresatiartom 2 ae 5 dx oem 118, Ans: (b) Sol: Using £@)=1 +x 1'O+ "0 + 119. Ans: (4) Sol: Joos [sos £0) iseventncton + 0% 1(2)x odd fuctiin, — let (x)= Sinx 120.Ans: (d) Sol : Standard limit formulae Sinx Lim “8% 21 The series converges if “ a-i maximum at x 124.Ans : (4) Sol: f s08x+iSin x 3 cosx=iSinx [el 128, Ans: (¢) Sol: f{x)=x'-9x+24x+5 in[1, 6] (1) =21, (6)=41 P(x) = 3x" - 18x +24=0 => x=2, 4 are the stationary points "x)= 6x ~ 18 £12) =-6<0, (4) =6>0 and f(2) = 25 and f(4) = 21 +. Maximum value of f(x) in (1, 6] is 6) = 41 126. Ans: (a) Sok: Sol: The function is continuous in{-1, 1] It is also differentiable in (-1, 1] ‘except at x =0. Since Left derivative derivative = 1 at x=0 -L and Right 408 Baerga A a AE, end Wya Dl,iboner Yond Begs ahaa) (Cp eidACE 128. Ans : (b) Sol: I-cosax Using this standard limit, here == 12 129, Ans: (4) Sol: f(x)=x? +1 £\(xy=3x? =0=9x=0 £(x) =6x M@=0 So f{x) has a point of inflection at x = 0. 130. Ans: (b) x -(0.1)x? -2(0.1)x=0 =>x=10 20.1) <0 => Max at x =10 ‘Max height= y = 2(10)- (0.1)(100) = 131. Ans: (b) os olay = i(4xy+4z2)+j(2x7+6yz)+k3y"+8zx) Sex: +3924 42%) i ij k pep eee Ao xy+4z? 2x? +6yz 3y? + 82x] = i(6y ~ 6y) j8z— 82) + K(4x — 4x) =0 133. Ans: (b) Sol: Given F = y?xa, —yziy — x74, ‘Along x ~ axis , we have y-0 & z=0 134, Ans: (0) 1), x= pled) «option (a) is wrong, Option (b) : 10x + 10= 25 15 xajpriset2) Option (b) is correct 135. Ans: (©) Solst= JRIn(x)ax «= fiogx vied 1 noerig an ACE Ee An vend De, bone Roa Sgr itn (Che Rewra)148 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS ACE Sy 136. Ans: (b) Sol: I= feos‘ 30 sin’ 60 do pur30=t =2d9= At 0=0, 0 oeo 6 2 fcos*(t)sin’ ent = Jeos'(0 Qsint coy’ S 3B fcos' t sin’ tat 137, Ans: Sol: If ) f(x) = Lt, f(x) =f(a)then (x) is continuous at x= a Here Lt f(x)= Lt 22 Lt £08) = Lex-1=2 and £(3) = 2 - Option (a) is correct CE Brain Pins A nf ACE Ege eden Hob De Bera Maem mgr ucheaen (Cpt eenVector Calculus << ij «€ 06. Ans: (b) 1 Sok Ge vet |2 2 2 Sok: x, y,2)=x+y, PCL, 1,0), 2 alex dy oz and sei+j x’y xyz yz" 5 y ic2? -xy)-Jo-0) +kyz-x?)] Directional derivative = (Vf), 1 At ie) = 07. Ans: (@) So: O=ax'y-y= VO 02, Ans: (6) eaey eyes Sol: f(x, y)=2x°+3y' +2", PQ, 1,3) a ae and a =i-2h) => 2ay—6y=0 => a=3 Directional derivative = (Vf), 08. Ans: (a) 03. Ans: (a) Sol:- Vector Identity 04, Ans: (0) Sol: Directional derivative of f in the direction ofi+j=22 bo=0 09. Ans: (a) ‘Sol. Gauss Divergence theorem 10. Ans: (b) Sol: fx, y) = + y, directional derivative vet = (ai + 4p it 3d—4 ial 5 1. Ans: (¢) 4i+3j) (1,2) 05. Ans: (d) 1=0=> F is solenoidal Sol:- Curl (grad f) 8 Engen obit ACE Adin pr DA dre Moa Beso oan Cpr Kr)ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS ACE digg) 4 4 RR)- 4p). > ae ge )=o a RRR 12. Sol: (¢) at = 2RS 17. Ans : (a) Sol: 8,8) ws faxtey 14 3 A unit vector along the line y =x = J fo+ 2y)dxdy = > Curl V = 0 => Vis irrotational 5 4 je ax tay * Ray => g=xyz ay JV.dr = 60,1,1) - 6(0,0,0) =1 co 18. Ans: (4) Sol: Kennedy's Theorem 14, Ans 19. Ans: (d) Sol:- Curl(Curl P)= Vx(VxP)= grad(divP)-V°P V(V.P)-V?P 20, Ans: (6) - Sol:- Vf], 5 =81+6/+ 6K Directional derivative = Vf. 16, Ans: (a) Sol: R(t) is a vector with constant magnitude | 21, Ans: (a) = [R|=R =constant Sol: Integrating option (d) we obtain the ‘We know that RR = R? volume of cone as V jae ACE taming Pes ac ACE a enya. Deb Stoner Fone, gr hen (pig eeeACE VECTOR CALCULUS. 151 22, Ans: (4) 28 Ans: (b) Sol: V = Sxyi + 2y?j + 3yz?k Sok: fix, y,2) =x + 2y° +2, PCI, 1,2), div V = Sy +4y+ 6yz and a =3i-4j _ At(l, 1, I) div V =54+446=15 Vim dri + yj + ke (Vp =2i+ 4) +k 23, Ans: (b) Directional derivative Sol: . 2 a _ 6-16 Aa) (V2). 2 29 Ans: () Sol: As ‘S" is a closed surface, using Gauss ~ z Divergence theorem, by, oe) > = lad Area of triangle ABC 2 JABx. AG, => 0=120 25, Ans: (a) : Sol: V(x, y, z) =~ (x cos xy + y)i _ + (ycos xy) j +[sinz +2 +y] k div = 2ffxcosay + y+ Flveosn] ofits x ty =2.z008 2" 26. Ans: (b) Sol: Applying Green's Theorem 6M _GN a ee =0 (since M=2x andN=2y) 27. Ans: (@) Sol: V = (x-y)it(y-x)j+(xty+Z)k divV = 1+1+1=3 Max + Nay = J Jfras=[[fordv= [fsa =3r 30. Ans: (0) : Sol: f(x, y, 2) =x? + 3y* +22" pCi, 2,1) grad f= Vf=2xi + 6yj + 42k Vilp=2i+ 12j-4k 31. Ans: (b) Sol: f(x, y, 2) =x?+ 3y' +22, P(L,2,-1), -j+2k VE = 2xi + 6yj+4zk Véle=2i+ 12j-4k Directional derivative a _ 2-12-8 18 ver rae 3N6 32° Ans: (b) Sol: Using stokes theorem for A over the curve ‘C” bounding an open surface Sc, Gai = {fou ds = ff¥as 33. Ans: (@) Sol: Equation of sphere is x?+y° + 27=1 Ltée, y= ty +z Normal to the surface is Vo = 2xi + 2yj + 22k Ve __2Axityitzk) [Vol fax? ray? +42? exityjtzk [rety+2=1) Unit normal is 4 nein ain tf CEE Ac Pv Da iba Ree Ar & onan (Cpr Rw)152 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS ACE 35. Ans: (4) Sol: y (0,2) +y=2 eo” Fexy)= (x +xy)ac +(y? +xy)ay JF.at= fx? +xy)ax-+(y? +xy)ay 22.2 dx = ay fle +s2-n)acefe-ay? 4202-0] ea9 Along x-axis, y= 0 = dy=0 JFiat = faxdx+x%dy = faxdx =3 37. Al (a) 7 Sol: F=xi+yjezk ~_6F OF, | oF divr=—) 4 24 S94 14153 FB Btsty 38. Ans: (c) Sok: A=xya.+x?a, Radix gay ax +x? ay Using green’s Theorem, sin?(a,b) a? B (1~cos*(a,5)) @ BI (a. By /a?b*) =@B- (a. bP 41. Ans: (a) Sol: fydxtxdy = fiyirxp.de +xj, curl F=0 Vo Where o=xy 2 Os, $92) ~ Oy) = YY, @) Sol: VI = 2xi+2yj+4zk Wray [WI] = 24 =2V6 43. Ans: (@) Sol : From Gauss divergence theorem, Bis an irrational vector is a wrong statement. 51. Ans: (a) Sot: ff LPhAA = [fi vEdsayde =| ffs axavae =} « Volume ofthe sphere 48 Engen oan at ACE aKa Wr Db ahr vols Bsr aathpta) (Ci ard)“If God listens to your prayer, He is increasing your faith. If He is delaying, He is testing your patience. If He has denied, There is something better for you.” With best wishes... Y.V. 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