CAMBRIDGE Gillie Cunningham, Jan Bell & Theresa Clementson with Chris Redston Tere NNT lile se Profile Student's Book ergface2face Advanced Student’s Book Gillie Cunningham, Jan Bell & Theresa Clementson eS CAMBRIDGE with Chris Redston UNIVERSITY PRESS[BF see teacher's pv TA Make s.good pe RAD Tecoma Speen oe E Renter oS —_—_— ATT emis é 6 Favourte savings pia Sis Ss 2A Exceptions people p16 Fein: ac oe 2B Memorabie places p20. sition a 2C Spoilt for choice p24 deserting ples “making recommendations wai | TA Bong confident poo Sain aed pea ae. 38 A appx heathy Me 20 Sawn = 1 30 We he way vou say pod OBS ee | SEE Society andthe media 28 oleae errs eam 3B Gites and technology nd0 "RS aa 4C Making a splash p44 awepaper language a “GA Behind the glamour p48 widoulon ij reins wihmutbe eleve perars resigs ‘5B The young ones ps0 mt iinewh baton 1 . : vernon caste SC Priorities (p84 wEKeesons news ee‘atngbiaow 0 ‘op with Pronunciation tie wrt ‘Das: wheal oo end? ere dag ak Innes Wrogo os ie? Ise tip sing ot at? ‘sng pete msn Tan Ba Fare sear Dasa win ope taltwnaravad Ralopugannesbutasain —— Apwioneaine Ponetaban rasan tip th roan Connecting waa) secs ‘Sioa mma ors go ube ‘ag a ene Tea Ha AT tc ae Deki as Ib Tae Tae ag a naa Ee hob neonates Taconnaningpaaee vain carey lien aN "aromaae hig bu stan aura Tana insur anone” Bon eT anesting waza) Hp in ronitin {fone it hoes gh Suen nee) cum eran ein ys Eas Gana abe ow oo Ova own nn wr, Wo rer sousetup eco om, Suton espe ns ahh ST fered pion eee odera War pe mda ‘Doss abet ogamrss Fee are hap th ronan eerie : Dearne andes eaeinetere ‘adh oranre: Hw SirTok “Teo _ aa Wing tans ssp Te iver wh aear Troneaae Tony Tiever wn Vee Tosa ae ‘anos worn tp ith Ponrition {any nna Sponsor ‘eb fo ott) ) Perr ee ar ee inanien wine yee —~—~Cngace Spatial sic ce 2) ‘aang wa oe ea dance Denim sae was Wilting tas oa erate: hig acs p88Were tod rg Geekore] Se Rae seer oF SRRSNONRAIE sneha e Seay = 3S an namical pa a a a a a oe TA ting reer went pa POET =a Serer as ao Pa oo is cameo aa a ea a ee 88 Feart PO FOF Dulding 2): ses ‘wherever, ofinever, water, et. a ‘8C_ Not guilty! pes Mlomaticphreses “emplening cices Se ee pe crhecerececon ner ss aie es eae —— a ey Sree co oe scene a TTT Se ooiot naa eed par nd run Werks Lasaassewreree 2seee Poel Cees} Pe] Taking sbi hats ol ith Pronunciation Stowng as Fear tars ar bat hy ecu ure beacon ‘onectng words: pape (sous naif 0 Pt et) Punctuation: ns ‘ecu facie aerishgcanpayre Peo liga abarisng ‘etsy gv ang Metin tak an ric tt ee ‘ahr cman paS irae setae Ce rae Lo ES Tioviow wi ascncsuraicl ——teaTaoe) ‘Connecting words: canon ‘ol wt Pronunciation esig ot eerrg 2 gis ops o alnes Page Goa as onetonh Te ay Bac fon a V poyanme We be wing oa ‘Wig task: an car ra ance crimp ‘ren afanas person to spendan ig wt ‘Help with Pronunciation tag sus Dseusing ngs wh ion oo Daca gter Decision aout enereresvasesers ep with Pronunciation Centra oscoreadetors lang ow ase anaes aban ae nga ara ‘ak out newer) cempane “ado agar daa encore ‘assur au oster Can money by yap “ad rai bat Sata ar “Hecaece mpanca ot sean ‘Drepesen cana a doen Feel ar ‘ini pan Te sad Oe ore mae, ce aspress ‘oe panes ere ca? ‘Connecting words/phrases ‘ae et (9 ce, ste) Speling: annoy mised wots Wetiag task an cine esting out ‘aise ps Connecting words: ca ard (convo eee see as ara, carn, he 2) Spiga, raise) Writing tas: msgs smorma ‘oma cori 93. Forts ul mentors op with Pronunciation Re oar to ge3 tk Dszssing stoves Dazsg ure angi sages “ado pagar auton Pee docs ta scat decane Targige ang Sraepes ‘Goats aah ‘Resa ‘Audio Scripts piea DVD-ROM Instructions pI76Review Past Simple and Present Perfect El 2 Use these prompts to make questions with you Use the Past Simple or Present Perfect 1 eam / Engle or along tne? ‘Have you been leaning English for along ime? Howl /be/ when have et Engish eon? When be/te last me speak /Englsh outs class? nave o/ wre anyting in English last month? e/a novel at was wt in En 200 acy Sn in Engh recent? ow ong / come / i schoo? Check in [SEINE Work in pairs. Aek and answer the questions in ta Ask follow-up questions. Have you been lessning English fora long tim [firs learned ita school, actually but forgot most of it 301 dseided to do this course. Make a good impression Vocabulary communicating Grammar tine expressions withthe Past Simple and Present Perfect Vocabulary Communicating Bd «Tick the words in bold you know. Check new words/phrases in pis 1 It's santalto make eye contact whan youre speaking 2. On average, leome into contact with sbout 20 people day 8 Onthe whol, women gossip more than men 4 ln general, an butt in rhore than women, which wernan find vary as 65 tyou overhear should intervene, 6 Poltcians generally witter on w Intervewers questions. 7 Elderly people Se having arow in er aneweing the reasons to grumble about the youth cf tod 8 t's rude to eavestirap on other people's conversations, 9 Couples who constantly bicker: it up, 10. Women hat up . at up women, 'b Tick the sentences you agree with. Change the ‘other sentences to make them true for you Perhaps it's not assent to make eye contact, but it might sem ude if you don't ‘© Workin pairs. Compare ideas. Do you agree with each other?Speaking and Listening ED 2 Think of someone (not in the class) who is popular. Why is he/she popular? Write fve reasons bb Workin pairs. Tell your partner about the person you chose. Are any of the reasons for ther popuiarty the same? © Agree on three important communication skils that help to make someone popular. Tall the class. ‘Look at the introduction and the book cover. What did the author ‘and his publishers initialy think about the book? “How to Wn Friends and Influence People, written by Dale Carnegie in 1937, has become an all-time ‘international bestseller The fst print run was limited +0 5,000 copies, which wgs an indication of how small ‘readership the author and the publishers were expecting, However from the very beginning, the book's runaway success meant the publishers had difculty keeping up with demand b EGR 1 Listen to Sy, Amy, Ann and Dean at their book club. Which of Carnegie's suggestions do they mention? © Listen again. Answer these questions, 1 a Why dia Ann suggest the book tothe group? Why wasn't she very moressed with tat frst? Does Sy usualy read books Ike this? Which of Camegie's points do id Dean expect to enioy the book? Wty does he talk about Ns ena, John? Which of Camegie's suggestions id Amy try out? How did the man in the ticket office rect? Work in pairs. Which of Carnegie's suggestions do you think is the ‘most important and why? HELP WITH PRONUNCIATION Attitude words/phrases 2 Listen to three extracts from the book club conversation. Notice the intonation ofthe attitude words/phrases in bold and the pause that follows. 1. Apparently i's sold over 1 millon copies (apparently = 10 say youhave read or heard that something is true) 2 Actually, | thnk people are gat fed up with me talking about i io emchasse a previous statement, and add new information 8 To be hénest, i's the rst te Ive road a book ike this (tobe hanest = to give an opinion, ‘often unexpected or negative) 'b Listen again and practise saying the sentences. ¢ Practise saying the extracts in 5a with these words/phrases. Which ‘can be continued with because? Think of a suitable ending, Franky Presimably In fict d_ Work in pairs. Ask each other about the books you read Have you read any self-help books recently? No. Actually, Pve never read a sel help book in my lie!HELP WITH GRAMMAR Time expressions with the Past Simple and Present Perfect ‘a Look at these sentences. Are they talking about a definite time in the past, or time up to ‘and including now? Which verb form is used? 1 Te bought quite a few sel-nelp books ‘over the past fev months. 2. I've read about 150 pages so far. 3 During the ast couple of weeks ve actualy 'boen trying out some of Carnegie’ suggestions. 4 Unti nov, I've never really had any contact with the quyin the ticket office. 1b Undertine the time expression in each sentence in 6a, ‘© Sometimes we can use the Present Perfect or Past Simple with the same time ‘expression. Compare these sentences. Why did Speaker A use the Past Simple? Why did ‘Speaker B use the Present Perfect? 1. A. told atleast tn people about tat work this Wook. the speaker considers the working week finished ‘ye told atleast ten people about at work this week the speaker considers the working week unfinished 2A [read it during the summer holidays, B've read alot of books dung the last month, A. Since Ann suggested this one, I've reac ‘ couple of hi other books. BB 've read lots of his books since I've been Lnemoloyed. 4A As socn as | finished reading it, | gave it tomy brother, BAS scon as I've finished reading itm ‘90Ing to give it to my brother. 4 Check in EEIUTIINED 1135. ‘a Write sentences about things you have read or done recently. Use the Past Simple or Present Perfact with these time expressions. 1. as.so0n as uring since this Wook ‘er the past few weeks /months sotar ‘As soon as finished my exams, read Anna Karenina, 'b Work in pairs. Discuss your sentences. Ask follow-up questions. Reading = Workin pairs. Give examples of what you consider to be ‘good and Dad service in shops, restaurants, et bb Rcd the article. Why do very tienaly shop assistants annoy the writer? © Read the article again, Tick the true sentences. Correct the false ones. 1+ Thewrter was ina hury when se wentinto the shop. She werdoced wy th shop assistants behaviour nad upset he. ‘She enjoyed the food she hac athe restaurant. She od the watrase what se thought ofthe fod No psychological study has the same vw as brs ‘She wouldn't obec fo assistants who were natal tery The sacond tne she met tho shop assistant, she et the sare way. ‘Se wes persuaded to buy something wtheut realising 2 3 4 ‘ 6 7 8 “EN DAYS AGO, on the way to a meeting, | remembered that |iwas running low on face cream. There was a chemists, ‘cross the road s0 Iran in, grabbed a jar at random and headed over to the counter “Having a good day?" asked the gil atthe til, beaming biisstuly “Yes thanks," | replied. “That's great” She ran the scanner over the jar, and made purposeful eye contact. “Been shopping all morning?” Not having the time to take her through my diary, | made a vaguely affirmative noise. “Yeah? Luciy youl" She told me the price and sai, “So, got ‘anything plannes for this afternoon?” "Oh, you know.” | said, avarg of time ticking by. “This and that. Stuff” {AS [hurried on my way | found myself thinking about the gir land the barrage of niceness | had just experienced. Why did it make me fee! so bed? Was it churlsh not to chat back? Or was. this sort of pushy trenainess, in ts way, every bit as rude? | was reminded ofthis when | met a friend for lunch. | had the fishoakes. They were perfectly disgusting. “Everything all right with your meal?” asked the waitress, Interrupting our conversation with a happily expectant grin. “Fine” I said. What else could Ihave sald even if 'd wanted 0? I didn't have time and anyway, it might have made ny friend Uncomfortable. Later, | thought about manners. As a sacety, we do not take ‘manners (oy which | mean now we behave towards strangers) very serious Ifyou are approaching a bank or shop, the ‘person just ahead of you is sure to let the doors swing back in your face, Middle-aged men park in disabled spaces, teenagers ‘slump in their seats on the bus, pretending not to notice the Pregnant woman standing infront of them.Yet Its obvious on the High Street that “eke nice’, es prectised by my cashier and the waitress, ison the increase. itnas become ‘highly overused marketing weapon and you can’t go Into any shop without some periy person rushing up and saying, “Hil Need ary help?" You smile back through gitted teeth, “Just looking, thanks.” ‘Queueing at the supermarket is a matter of answering the cashiers “Sil raining?" without betraying the fact that you heard them ‘ask someone else this vejy question two minutes earl. Call me ‘miserable, out 'm not stupid. row whet these people wart. They dont want to be my friend. They want my money. ‘Apparent, research has shown that fan assistant teats you as fa friend, there's a psychological effect: the customer feels wanted ‘and needed, and wl return. Or wil they? Other studies suggest that this soles technique is turroff. Peaps the solution isto appoint ‘people who are genuinely interested in people, not those who are trained tobe insincere robots, Recently | found myself back at the chemists where tall started I pave to get a present fora friend, and in any case, I'm Interested to see whether Scary Friendly irs there. Ah yes she is, athe till, giving it ts of oomph and sparkle. | select some almond hhand cream and put it on the counter infront of he. She looks. up ang beams at me. | submit tothe overwhelming power of her ‘spurious affection. 'm not in ahurty this time and tne experience is not unpleasant. When | get home, | check my receipt. There's one iter that ‘doesn’t ring any bells. | go through the carier bag and find nothing to expain it 0 | pick up the phone and call the chemist’. I'm told ‘that | purchased something called a “Take Care of Your Skin’ card that entitles me to all sorts of extra perks and besutijng treats. However, no one asked me if! wanted ta buy i. “Are you absolutely sure?” the manager asks. | think about it | remember the soporte feeling of being buried under a soft wave of niceness, | recall zoning outa lite, No, actualy, rm nat sure ate all. «Look atthe words/phrases in blue nthe article. Who are they referring to? b Try o.quess the meaning ofthe ‘words/phrases in blue. What do they ‘suggest about the writer's attitude? ‘Work in pairs, Look at the short ‘conversations in the article and ‘answer these questions. 1 2 \What words ara missing from tha questions? What types of word can we miss fut in infermal wien and spoken English? Work in groups and discuss these ‘questions. 2 partner's topics and write six {Questions about them, How many fms have you seen ring the last six months? b Take turns to ask and answer the questions. Tell the class ssomathing about your partner. Actually, Lisa hasn't watched Get ready .. Get it right! Choose three topics you would like to talk about How would you have responded to the shop assistant and the waitress? Why? How would you describe the service in shops and cafes in your county? Hest changed over the years? fims/TVimusic sport clothes pts Wworkistudles othe Work in pairs. Look at your‘Speaking and Listening ‘Check the meaning ofthe phrases in bold below. Then work in pairs and discuss the questions. 1 Sazile, do you tend to unburden yourself to ends (or fo members of your family? 2 Band large, ist men or women who find it easier to unload ther wories on to other people? 3. Broadly speaking, do adits n your country bottle up ther feelings or let tham our? 4 Do you thing, nthe main, that teenagers would rather confide in their parents cr their ands? TIP + The underined expressions are used to make generalisations, 1 2 Workin pairs. who would you expact men, women and teenagers like the ones in the photos to confide in? © ther fiends bb [BI Listen an chock Listen again. Tick the true sentences. Correct the false ones. both fiends an family 1 Dave and his friends tend to talk about only serious issues, 2 Dave thnks men make friends with people wi enjoy the same things. Helen S608 her rend every day Helen's trends are very patient with her. ‘Andrea trusts her hairdresser to be decree, ‘Andrea erjoy storing to her hairdressar's problems Most of Alex's conversations are about everyday event, ‘Alex confides in people of his own age. ‘Work in pairs and discuss these questions, {which things athe speakers teed about do you ident with? Do you think people confide in each other about diferent things at citferent ages? Friends - the new family? information in a conversation. Look at these ‘examples and answer the questions. deep and What we tak about | nt | meaning, though Whatidoifiges |i | tak tomy fends stressed What happens is | we botte things up 2 3 TIPS + When we use who, why, whose, when, where, et. HELP WITH GRAMMAR Cleft sentences: what and it clauses Cat sentences divide @ message into two parts, using what ot clauses. They can focus attention on new, ‘oxo important or contracictory information, (can geta bit stressed by work.) What | do if get ‘stressed is talk to my fiends. (paw information) (I. get on well wth my parents.) However, i's my friends that | talk toi have a problem. (contradiction) war cLauses ‘Vocabulary prepositions and phrases Grammar cleft sentences: what and itclauses We use what clauses to emphasise the new \Wrich words give new information inthe sentences? \What isthe main verb in each sentonce? What isthe subject ofthe main vero? Instead of what, we usualy use an expression such as a person, the reason, ec, with or without the Hi- Word. A person (who) | tend to confide in is my hairdresser. 1 To give a reason, we can folow be with o + infinite. The reason (why) Lucy came early was to help me out. ircuauses Look at these cleft sentences with it. Answer the questions. td probably be my parents who I'd talk to fst ‘wasn't until he broke up with his gitriend that ‘my hairdresser started to confide in me. (Does the speaker emphasise the information in the it clause orn the who/that clause? What ver follows i? Check in EEXUIGEEP p36. Complete these sentencas about yourselt \What | do if get strssod is The reason Im here is Iewaan't unt ‘person | tend to confide in What amuses me place | realy love Work in groups. Say your sentences. Ask follow-up questions.CeO ened Corer Reena a ert ded, we might fea at we ate suddenly swash wth rand Yet ight before ‘oureyes, were ako changing the way we londhips. Face face chat {ving way 0 tert and messaging peoph ‘ren reer thew elecronicexhanges Ac tovforinsance smplytlkingona phone. S Irappears that ncressingy we prefer to beep people at ar lang Smale of ends are beng partly ecipsed by ‘socal networking acquaintances routinely rumberedin the hundreds Amid these miler trend, growing research upg could be enteringa period ofr forthe entice concept of rerdihp Where al his leading our society? Perhaps to fone where electronic stim lowly repiace the ys of uma nth people woud lie to ne closer to thar fambey, though socal red ane, forcing theme lve farther apart. Typical the prestures of urban eae blamed: n London pol had two-fhs of respondents reporing that they face a prevailing dit ty from ther ott ands Wiese ‘ronded bas andrestarats afer work we have pen perhaps ew in ies have ary. thatien Reading and Vocabulary Ei Workin groups. Discuss these questions. 1 Doyou think he quality of ncn has changed in recent yeaa? 60, can you thnk of some easra for ‘he onenge? 2 Wich ofthese ces do you age 4 Poop enol able to commaricats as woos trey used. > Pooplakrow more people but hav ovo el ‘ends han toy sed. €Soctl med a responsb forthe icles ends tn? Give reasons, Ikshouldben shave groin 0 Ind share deep intimacies wth Aer fecllogts have traced rated tre brotder sale well be gto work ogi Review an Amercan has any be clore frends on average, rnectviy’. But notice th “Social comectwy That nt eso networking al, and harder to investigate, one they that les more when relationships. is ney ukating a good frends aes the same wavelength pokes emer ending anne nurtures salle factor or penon iat Bai of resties on french today ae ren the demanle of work say.or a genera busyresthat means we have les qualtytme for ethers. Buti fallow! time which tal for deeper rend, shen we are ata loore end that simply hangout wh no tsk, no deadine and no presures lis ithove moments that people gett lino ether for who they a quarter dont Close fends Aritole observed hae ket at hy at rogether, asin the iether they swith one anther aces, here, hang our and sweet “The deste friend ange sagen which we paradonalhave an ty growing need tobe more connected find people Read the ttle and introduction of the article. Which ofthe Ideas mentioned a-c in 8 do you think the water's making? 'b Read the whole article to check your ideas. Has your ‘answer changed? ‘© What does the writer think about these topics? 1 face-to-face contact 4 the pressures ontiendship today 2 social connectivity -§ sharing salt opether 4 ‘encing Work in pairs. Use your own words to compare your answers to 6e. Which ofthe opinions inthe article do you agree or disagree with? Give reasons.HELP WITH VOCABULARY Prepositions and phrases TIP + Make a note of words/phrases together \with their prepositions and try to learn them as ‘chunks! of meaning, ‘Look at the phrases from the article Inthe word map below. Match them to definitions 1-6. 2 (broader) scale the same wavelength average faut farm's langth loose end 1 responsible for @ problem 2 with sla views 8 with nothing to do 4 ypically 5 6 b a distance relating to the sie or loved of somthing Match these words/phrases with the prepositions in the word map. purpose glance times good terms ‘emand short notice aroguarbasis hand the nerease random © Work in pairs. What do you think the prepositions and phrases in 7b mean? Check in IEEIEIEEP p34. ‘a Complete these sentences with a preposition. 1 Who do you mact 2 How often do you cancel arrangements short notice? 3 Areyou good terms with your coleagues? 4 5 What do you do when you're ‘loose end? How much can you usually find out about someone agiance? 6 Have you ever broken something purpose? 7. What social phenomena are the increase in your country? {8 Do youalweys have your phone hang? b Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions in 8a. Ask follow-up questions. Get ready ... Get it right! Tick the sentences you agree with. Change the ‘other sentences to make them true for you. Then complete sentences 7 and 8 with your own ideas. 1 ts social networking that is changing the nature of society today. 2. What you're looking for in a find is someone who ison the same wavelongt. 3 Friends are people who will aways stick up for you, whatever happers. 4 You can't realy be st fiends! wth someone of the opposite sex. 5 Areal fiend is someone who wil tll you the truth even i's something you don't want to hear. {6 Women form closer friendships than men. 7h 8 What ea ‘@ Work in groups. Discuss what you have written and. give reasons. bb Tell the class three things that you agreed on. We agreed that what we tend to look for in a friend is someone who is loyal and‘Speliing homophones. ‘Connecting words action Wiring task an online profie; sharing personal information EI. Workin pairs and discuss these questions 1 Ar@ bogs a good way 0 shroinforaton? 2. What irformaton wuld you prvi na biog? BB Work in pairs. A new group of students studying ‘abroad are sharing information on a blog. Read. the biog profile. gnore any mistakes for now. ‘Then cover it and try to remember seven things about Kanokchon, KANOKCHON WRITES 1m from Bangkok in Thailand ‘but here fora year doing ‘my Master's degree in Business, tm finding it quite hard to bbe honest I's besides the business course tha’ dificult, bbutalso the language. aswell! realy mis seeing all my fiends ‘an family, but ts Sathimanee, whose my glen, that I mis the most We've been together for years, but keep Worrying that she might of met someone else! «2 Flin the gaos wth these connecting words/ phrases. Sometimes there is more than one possible answer. [IINIEP p136. 0 aswel what'smore | besides too not onty 11 She's beon running the compary since November ‘She's got three chien to look atte, ‘Onthe other hand, theyre lots of things that really 2 Chinese foodis very tasty. i's qute cheap enjoying. Yesterday, saw snow forthe frst time, which ‘was absolutely amazing! | went ice skating forthe fst. time whats more. ell ver constantly and got extremely 3 The raffc is realy heavy attri time of day. The roads are ‘extremely cy, 80 be careful et land earl froze to death, but Im definitely going 4 Thevilagois remote, but totaly again so can learnt ce skate propery Als earning to inaccessible by road, ‘do new things, m enjoying the soca life. Their really are 5 Ihnaven't got any change on me. you people here from all ver the worl! Tonight, my fiend doesn't have to write anything down, © can se0 tha anewers in his head, 38 Regarding savants, scientists aro notable to tll us ‘the reasons for thar skis the type of sas they often have, how many savants exist 4 Danielis unusual fora savant because ‘8 behas arange of abies. his bites are exceptional. © he can offer insights into his bites. 5 Working independents mportat for Daniel because 28 fexibity sa printy for him, 'bitenabies him to do things in his own way. © hepreters working dectly wit his clans, {6 Nowadays, Danial ings it easier fo appreciate his individuality, 1b_harder to deat with painful experiences, © harder to cope with ife's ups and down, d_ Work in pairs. Discuss these questions. 11 Wry do you think Danial nds Pas beautitl as the Mona Lisa or Mozart symphony? 2. Dariel says: would have traded avorything for normality But 've since leamed thal boing affarentin't necessarily a bad thing." Why do you think hs attitude has changes? ‘8. Wich do you thinks more important in ite: academic blancs or emetionalintligence? Give reasons. Exceptional people Vocabulary intensifying adverbs Grammar relative clauses with prepositions nie Tammet i an autstic® savant with an extraordinary gif for numbers and languages. alike other savants, Daniel has described how he docs it in a book, Born on a Blue Day, in which he ‘writes about his life I've got a quiet voice" he says in hie gentle ‘monotone. Tthink t's because as child didnt speak very much. It was hard for me t find my voice, because Tas absorbed in my own worl." Daniel's word is arich and strange one, in which every number up to 10,000 has colon, texture and emotional resonance. “The number one is a briliant, right white, lke somebody shining a torch in my eyes... Fours shy and quiet, like me. Eighty-nine i ke falling snow Daniel's condition allows him to achieve ‘extraordinary mathematical feats, all of which he finds simple; he holds the European record for recalling Pi the mathematical constant ~to the furthest decimal place. I took him five hours and nine minutes “Bis for me an extremely beauifl thing," says, “lke the Mona Lisa or a Mozart symphony” For Daniel, mental arithmetic i gorgeous kaleidoscopic process. "When I divide one number by another, sy, 1 divided by 97, Ise a spiral rotating downwards in Iarger and large loops that seem to warp and curve The shapes coalesce into the right number I never write anything down” Savants constitute less than 1% of the popwlation, and about 10% of the autistic population, yet their abilities are shrouded in mystery, Savant skills tend to occur in five areas: music, art, calendar calculating, mathematics and mechanical or spatial skills (or instance, the capacity to measure distances without instruments). Generally, a single special sill exists but, in some instances, multiple skills can occur. One skill for which all savants are known isan extraordinary memorysavant 'sevant/ someone who has unusual ‘often exceptional, ables ar knowledge ‘While many savants have a restricted vocabulary and axe notable to explain their abilities, this is clearly not the case with Daniel, Not only can he describe how his mind works, but he can alo speak ten languages, including Lithuanian and Welsh. He is even creating his own language: Manti, meaning a type of tree Hoveever, Daniel's condition also has its limitations. ‘Thad to teach myself to look into people's eyes,” he explains. “Before that, [used o look at their mou, because it was the part oftheir face that was moving” He would find itimpossible to fita 9-5 job around his daily tasks, all of which he does in the same order every Gay. For instance, he drinks his five cups of ea at exactly the same time each day and feels upset and anxious if his routine is interrupted. In order for work to fit in with his particular needs, he setup his own business, writing fnternet courses for private clients in language learning, fumeracy and literacy, which he does at home. This has the advantage of being in his control and allowing him to work autonomously Danie!’ condition was not diagnosed until he was Growing up as an undiagnosed savant was not easy tnd he was often lonely. It was difficult being at school ssrrounded by children, none of whom understood his condition. “I was desperate for a friend. My brothers and sseters had fiend and I ncad ta watch them playing, fo try to work out what they did and how friendship ‘worked, I would have traded everything for normality But I've since leaned that being different isn't ssecessarilya bad thing,” Daniel feels he is progressing towards ‘outgrowing bis autism, He cried for the first time in his adult life 2 ew years ago, when his cat died, He is getting better at social interaction “Every experience I have I add to my mental library, sand hopefully life should then get easier" In this, he Seems to sum up the progress We al hope for. “an snangaranacoatentamanecncwutccrmatcenw my: HELP WITH GRAMMAR Relative clauses with prepositions ‘@ Match the sentences to these styles of English. more formal, usually written English «ess formal, usually spoken English 1 a Daniel has described how he does it ina book in which he writes about hs fe b Daril has described how he doas iin a book that ho writes about his fe in, 2 @ One skil for which all savants are known is an extracedinary momory 1b One ski that al savants are known foris ‘an extraordinary memory. b Complete these rules. In. more ermal, usualy witen Engich 1 that changes to ator a preposition 2 the preposition comes the relative pronoun. © Look at the phrases in bold in sentences and b and answer the questions, { Danie'’s condition allows him to achieve ‘extraordinary mathematical feats, all of which he finds sire. twas dificult being at school, surrounded by children, none of whom understood his condition. 11 What does wo change to when it comes after a preposton? 2 Which ideas do the phrases in bold refer to? \Which phrase in bold is the subject of the clause that folows? 44 Which phrase in bois the object ofthe clause that folows? 5 What adcttional determiners al, nana, et.) ‘can comisne with of which or of whom In non-defring relate clauses? TIP + When wo are speaking informal, we can use none of them, al of them, tc. Notice the change in word order. He would find it impossible to ft a 9-5 job around bis daily tasks. He does all of them in the same ‘order every dey. He would find it impossible to ft a 9-5 job around his daily task, all of which he does in the same ‘order every dey. Check in EENIIIIESE 138. ‘a Complete each gap in the article with ‘a preposition, and which or whom. b Workin pairs. Change the gapped sentences to a more informal spoken styl. Tea cwe KIM PEEK, who died in 2008, was known a¢ a ‘megasavant! due to his exceptional memory Asthe age of four, although no school would accept him, he sought out encyclopaedias, atlases and telephone directories, all! he memorised. As a result of his motor deficiencies, Kim was looked after by his father, 2 he totally depended. Iwas Kim’ life _ the Oscar-winning film, Rein Mon, was based, Following the film's success, im was invited to take part in public appearances. On some ofthese occasions, screenwriter Barry Morrow, * Kin had collaborated, gave him the Oscar statuette to carry. These. appearances increased Kim's self-confidence. He thoroughly “enjoyed meeting people and had a marked sense of humour, He also loved showing strangers his remarkable ability for calendar calculations, by telling ther ® day ofthe seek they were born, re AUN Listening {2 Look t the photo of Tommy McHugh, a builder who became a painter. What do you think of his work? b [EXT 7 Listen to the radio programme. Why did Tommy become a painter? © Listen again and compete these sentences. 4+ Tommy hadn't done any paltng a al until he reached his 2 He compares his mind to 8 {ul of creatine ideas 3 Aor hospital, Tommy and his wie received no 4 Tory’slife changed when Marion Kalmus told him that he was {5 Changes tothe temporal obs increase people's {6 As wellas painting, many people wth Tommy's condition tend te alot Being very productive can resuit in work of variable Although Tommy's ifespan is uncertain, he regards his ite as which generates bubbles ‘a Work in pars. Try to summarise Tommy's story. 'b Discuss these questions Do you think whet happened to Tommy was good or bed? How do you think Torimy feels? What about his ex-wife?Speech units a Elle Uston and notice now the presenter Grganises what he is saying nto speech unt, ‘The speech uit are marked wth Tre tersiomatonin Torey has been ae /eracabla Sov wat happened sys ago "0 bring # aoa? Tho extraorary enewer e/a braln heemormage./ Cre dey Tomy wes ithe bathroo remembers srreting popeng ne he mi) wen he ol TIP « Speech units help us to organise what we say by ving it into groups of werds, Speech units can vary in length in order to emphasise particular words. 1 pépping in his had 1! Listen again and practise. © Workin pats. HoW'do you thnk the extract below can be organised into speech units? (There are many possible answers.) ‘few day ater, he was sent home with ebag ul ot tablets. | dont know whet to. 60 he couldnt wale, ce foad rimset or do anything realy, Sometimes he cid even know whore he was, was awl He was totaly frustrate, angry, ard ain 4 [EEE © Listen to Jan, Practise saying tho extract in 6, paying attention o speech uns. Vocabulary intensifying adverbs Ed 2 Which adverb do verbs? Check in EI etorythoroughiy realy enioy (be desalyistrongiitealyrstated ¢ its highy/compietlyextremely (unlikely that \strongiyfrmiyiighly tekeve that \bitterlydeepl/perfecty regret | was iter//uttery/exremelyclsappointed when \completeyentralymighy agra | wviysstinedyipertecty ramivar at go with these adjectives or b Use five of the adverbs and adjectives/verbs to ‘make true or false sentences about you. Think about how to organise your sentences into speech units © Work in pairs, Take tums to say your sentences. {Guess which of your partner's sentenoss are faise. Get ready ... Get it right! Ed Think of someone who should win an award for being exceptional (someone famous or someone you know). Write five reasons, ED @ Work in groups. Take turns to tll each other about the person you chose. [firmly believe my cousin Julia should win the award, She wat ill for a while and made redundant, reither of which put her off starting her own business Vote for the person you think should win the award, Then tel the class.Speaking and Reading a ‘Work in pairs. Which three reasons ‘are most important to you when choosing a holiday, and why? ‘he climate ‘he tourist feclties the landscape: the local culture the sccommadetion the cost ofthe holiday the nightie {Look at the photo of Kerala on p2t. What do you think the writer loved about this place? b Read the article on p21 and check your ideas. © Read the article again. Answer these questions. 11 Why ca the writer choose January to vist Kerala? 2 What di the wrter find surprising about Kerala? ‘3. What does the writer precct wil happen to Kerala soon? 4 Which isthe beet way to travel f you ‘want to see tha eal Kerala? ‘5 What is unusual about the way people fishin Cochin? 6 Why are some famous people sfracted to Kerala? Work in pairs. In which plat fay, have you ‘lost your heart”? What made it so wonderful? How would you spend a perfect day there? Memorable places Vocabulary adjective word order Grammar participle clauses HELP WITH GRAMMAR Participle clauses «© Partcinle clauses can be used to give mor information about things, ‘events or ideas in a sentence, They are often used to make a piece of \wring more vaiae and sophisticated. E12 Look at partcpie clauses 1-5 nthe atl, Which ones use the forms below? © a present participle © a past participle © apertect participle b Compare examples a-e below with clauses 1-5 in the article. What ‘changes occur when we use participle clauses? ‘2... So they act 2s a vital means of communication between remote vilages and crowded towns, 1b While you gle sienty along ina canoe, you get to see a rural Kerala preserved ough the ages, ‘© Because i's caught aly every day is aways wondertily fresh. After i had an indulgent lunch, Il eine hammock. @Ifits poured very slow\y across your forehead, the oll feos Ikea cow is leking you. TIP + Wen we use notin a participle clause, t usually comes before the participle, [Not knowing much about Kerala, we bought a guidebook. not Krewing-netymueh about Kerala, (© Match the words in bold in a-e in Sb to meanings 1-4, 1 cause 3. condition 2 reout 4 time Complete the rule. Pest participles are used in passive/actve clauses, and present participles are used in passive/actie clauses, © Check in EENININER p99. Rewrite these sentences, starting with a participle clause. 11 Because! didn't know my way round Kersle, | headed straight forthe Tourist Information atfice, 2 Therain was vary heavy at that time of yaar, soit caused flooding everyubere 3 Ifit is visited out of season, Kerala isnot fl of tout, 44 As we drove through the Peryar Wikile Sanctuary, was lucky enough to spot wit elepharts 5 Alter waking inthe Wilife Sanctuary, took a boat trip on Parivar Lake. 6 Alero had breakfast, | went swimming Inthe lak. ‘Think of an interesting experience you have had. Write a short Paragraph, using participle clauses, to describe the ideas, events and things that happened. b Work in groups. Read about each other’s experiences and ask questions to find out more.its incredibly beautiful and hypnotic, with sh vegetation, white beaches and vivily seen countryside. Entire communities 1g the canals and lagoons, which ‘over 1,900 km, ‘acting as a vital means of communication between mote villages and crowded towns. in order to avaid the monsoon season, went in January, At that time of the weather is great and you are norrally guaranteed warm days and cooler, forte nights didn't expect to find itstil so unspoilt, given that ts relatively lose 12 Goa. People don't seem to have worked out yet thet Kerala is alot nicer and much less touristy. So you feel 32ifyou'te discovering somewhere enti nev; like you're on a totally tts only amatter now changes. “Take a trip along the backwaters 2Gliding silently along in a canoe, you getto see a rural Kerala preserved through the ages and ‘completely hidden from the road. YYou'l pass locals doing thei laundry in the river, schoolteachers taking classes on the banks and so on, vwhich is an enchanting experience, Make sure you take. ‘stopover in the fascinating capital chin, ig algo 2 must. cluster of ‘lands surrounded by a network of riers and lakes, Cochin is home ‘unique culture. The ‘extraordinary fishing on the coast there; people hang from their b into the water and pick up fish with their teeth, bafore chucking them into enormous nets. n the evenings, {90 t0 restaurant and ty the wide Variety of fish Kerala isso famous for. SCaught locally every day, i's always wonderully fresh | would probably wake up around 10am, and tuck into a delicious Indian breakfast of pancakes with lots of curry powder. ‘Then Id take to the backwaters fr three or fourhours. Later on, ‘having had an indulgent lunch, Ile in a hammock, sipping fresh coconut milk through a saw and reading 2 good book | might follow in the footsteps of the Hollywood stars, who come ta Kerala in search of Ayurveds, the natural Indian healthcare which a = back more than 3,000 years. The ments use herbal cis made from 1 exotic spices that are so plentiful here, "Poured very slowly across your forehead, the cil fees ike @ cow i licking you: this may sound revolting but is tually very enjoyable andis supposed to be good for people sufering from stresses and stains of modem ife relaxed, 'd head forbed, not forgetting to put on an eye in order t0 avoid seeing any ofthe local spiders!Listening G2 BaR 10 BIB 1+ Look at the photos and captions Listen to two conversations. Did Bruce and Melissa enjoy their holidays? b [EG 10 Listen to Bruce again. Answer these questions about his comments. 1 “They were quite grey” (What were? Give more information) “it's brillant for that [What i? What st riliant for?) “They're great” (What are they’? What do they do?) “You can wa right up to them” (Up to what? Wry can you do this?) © Look at these words/phrases Melissa uses. Which describe her ‘expectations and which describe her actual experiences? 1 abeautfullodge 5 gravel 2 diving, pounding rain 8 avery small dinghy 8 alogcabin 7 choppy seas 4 asandy beach a 11 Listen to Melissa again and check. Add details about her actual experiences. @ Which of these places would you prefer to go to? Why? : HELP WITH VOCABULARY Adjective word order 6 wnencescrbing a noun. thesis an order tat acectvas usualy flow Note that opnons coma bore facts, the genera beer he spect opinion |size | age colour | origin | material beaut white sandy beaches stark modern lost| cabins massive | 100-year-cid tortoises charming rustic | stone” | cottages “These are nouns used as adjectives Ed @ Look at these adjectives in bold. Do they describe opinion, size, ‘age, colour, origin or material? 1 breath-taking high snow-capped poaks 2. delicious Thal fish and coconut cures 2. extravagant white marble bulcings 4 ploture-book medieval tallan vilages b Look at these examples. When speaking, we try not to put too ‘many adjectives infront of the noun. How do we avoid doing this? 2 © ‘rather stupic-looking clumsy birds, with blue feet and long necks 5 © charming rustic cottages in stone 5 © delicious Thai cures, (which were) made of fish and coconut 2 © Check in IEEUETEE 137. [ED Aas the extra information in brackets. Use a relative clause andlor with and orn 8 dolghtlVietorian cottage (sxbedrooms, quit era) ‘1 spedous, modem fate decoratea,nexpensie), a class reinc-recked sear fue, ton) a fry, wall contemporary rama oginal, super ect) a snuty young wrt (Src, oar) an talon sports odel(retalis ey, sun-roo) re etateoe cae ne pr rr nuns eee Get ready ... Get it right! ‘Think about a place that you have been to that you either love or hate. Use adjectives to describe it. ‘@ Work in groups. Describe your place. Ask follow-up questions. ‘The fist time I visited this city I ealy disliked it because it was so noisy and chaotic, witha lot of traffic and pollution, But Tellthe class about the best or worst place you heard about,IEF. Work in pairs. what do you know about Venice? By Read extract A from a review of Venice. Find and correct eight mistakes with apostrophes. I ps0. Vices one of Europes mos romantic cies Iv remanber the fiatine saw tbeeuse sso sual nd ees nowhere ee ike nyereinthe word Assos ou come ut ofthe tation you se all thebeats going upand down te Grand Canal, which contributes to fairtleatmosphere "Pf went there with my parents when waste and eben ging thee gual orthelat 20 ears“ arrive, usualitake herve bs nd stil impressed bythe suing bug’ whine te canals. Inf theuldingr unique archtecte makes Venice sel open-ait ‘muscu Ihe ke ogo fora wande around the ets calouru natow Streets and drop nt the oc peopl sore best ale i the wd "ie sit daking ifebuitleson around me. Preis, b Read extract B, from another review. Add Cone apostrophe to sentences 1-6. ‘ena sa historic ofsmalistands, caved up by coal which ave proved central othe cys evelopment and ecanomy, “Today the canals boats sil provide the means fr transpart of gods an people within the ‘iy The cy soften threatened by the Ariat Seas ties, which caus foods between auturn and eat spring, ‘During the 20 century, many wel were Censtracted in satisy the lc industries requirement and asa reul,Vnice ‘eganto subsite The sinking has showed markedly inc these wels were ‘nied inthe 196s. However, theciyistiltheatenedby low-level ods ‘thathavemade many of Venice old houses uninhabitable. Some recent studies have sugested thatthe cso longer sinking, bu thsi yet certain. ‘2 Read extract A again. Replace the underlined Connecting words/phrases with phrases in the box (not all of which are necessary). ‘while aa.s2ena3orginaly the momont | afterwards eversince meanwhile le 'b Fin the gaps with words/phrases from Sa. Sometimes there is more than one possible answer. pro. 1 | amived there, | wanted to make it my home. 2 Tourism improved they renovated the cant. 3 the canals wore built the city has suered from flooding. 4 Thetownwas Inhabited by farm workers 5 Visted some old friends | was staying there 6. I decided to stayin a cheep hotel regretted 7. sat anxiously waling forthe cal = tito gat on With some work but kept looking at the clock. Punctuation apostrophes Connecting words time (1) Wilting task a travel review: describing nd recommending places ‘a Choose a place you know well that you \would recommend to tourists. Make notes on these topics, what the places known for © a deserption ofthe piace your personel experience of baing there © when fo vist and grat to S00 b Work in pairs. Discuss your notes, Would you like to visit your partner's place? Why/Why not? El 2 Wite a review of the place you discussed in 4b, which would be suitable fora travel website. Check your writing for the correct use of these features. © apostrophes © connecting words/phrases © adjective word order © intenstving ecueros [Gi ead other students’ reviews. Choose two places: you would prefer to visit. Hd ® Workin groups. Discuss the places you chose bb Which placa is the most popular? Why? ® For more Writing practice: Portfolio 2, Workbook p87.VOCABULARY 2C AND SKILLS ‘List places in China that you have heard of or been to, How much do you know about these places? Look at the photos and read the website extracts. Which areas or cities would you lke to visit? Put them in order. EI Underine the words/phrases that you think the writer uses to make the areas sound intresting and attractive. Check in EEREUEEE 137 ED EBB 22 Listen to cheng, a tourism specialist. What ‘oes he say about the two most popular tourist estinations? 1 [EB 10 Listen to Cheng taking about the diversty that China has to offer as @ holiday destination, 1 Make noes cn acdionalinfomaton about the places onthe mes. 2 Fd Guin on the map 2 Why aoos Cheng recommend i? Workin pairs. Compare notes. Then listen again to check. 14 Work in pairs. Listen to the next part then discuss the questions. 1 Which ty offers the best rightite? 2 Why is food in China so diverse? 3 Which place sounds the most intresting? Why/? Gl = Think of tree places a visor should see to appreciate your cour, Make nots on how you can deserbe them In an interesting way. Use these Real od phrases. 1 REAL WORLD Making recommendations © In (Shanghai, you must try the © you enjoy (cutue), there are «© You can vis (ulin), whichis defintely worth eeaing © fis (history) youre atten, © You can't beatdo beter than b Work in groups. Tell each other about your places. Say why you chose them and who would enjoy them. Ifyou are from the same country, did you choose the ‘same places? Why? Spoilt for choice Vocabulary describing places ‘Skills Reading: tours information; Listening: interview about tourism Real World making recommendations (Chengdu ia modern city, Fill of eaffic and high-rise department stores. So why visi? In Chengda’steahouse culture, you can enjoy tea while people-watching and playing mahjong, Ie isthe best place in the world tose the Giant Panda, with 859% ofthe world’s ‘remaining pandas living in reserves in Sichuan. Beyond the city, you can experience che spectacular Fuanglong Valley (Yellow Dragos Valley). Bordered by snow-clad peaks and glaciers, the valleys numerous ponds ae strewn with gold-coloured limestone deposits; cis means that in sunlight a golden dragon seems to surge forth fom the forest, giving rise co che valley® name, While northern China is snowy and icebound, in Hainan it 's possible ro swim inthe ea and enjoy warm sunshine all seat round, Hainan is tropical paradise, and is known as the ‘Eastern Hawa. In addition ro stunning golden beaches, iecboasts such tropical scenery as the Dongjao Coconut Plantation. Infact, Hainan Island i also called ‘Coconut sland’ for its production ofthis fruit Each yae in late March ‘or erly Apri, he islanders hold the Coconut Festival, Hainan is especially popular in winter and with newly martied couples,say tha che real culgure of Beiing, China capi ety water wal an Dynasy (12 while Were China a tree, Beijing would be dhe ero Xan woul be is deep roos. As the saying goes, jo to Shanghai and you will ind a 100-year-old China: go wo Bejing nd you will find 2 1000-year id China; go to Xian and chen you will ind a 3000-yeae-ld China’, Xan records che great changes ‘county just ikea living history book. Home wo eracotta Army, the city has historia heritage Many poo lis inthe winding lanes known as hong (mean the courtyards. The hung originated during the 1368) when people settled around che water a passageway ‘more convenient. There n owo courtyards to make ent are tens of thousands of hutong surrounding the Forbidden City, once home to the emperors. Shu away fom the hustle and bustle af city outside, the hutong dwellers enjaya peacefal existence ‘wander round these lanes, and youl get a true taste of Bel ——— cond to none, Today, despite the searing sume beat and che frecaing winters, XVanis a joy vise Yinchuan = | w Taiyuan (SJ wainan NINGXIA fining = ¢ ) Lanzhou oO XVAN HENAN “SHAANXI ~~~ < ~_ HUBEI SICHUAN ® Vocabulary; Grammar and Real World = Extra Practice and Progress Portfolio 2 pt15 Video (Remarkable!) p125 Language Summary 2 0137 ™ Changsha ; f HS Worknook 299 | GuizHou HUNAN WANG sci-study DVD-ROM 2 with Review Video Guiyang Guilin = f GUANGXI GUANGDONG 2 Guangzhou ™ = Nanning” ® Reading and Writing = Portfolio 2 Competition entries Workbook p57 Reading a competition about inspirational people Writing using monolingual dictionariesVocabulary connotation: positive Being confident ‘and negative character adjectives Grammar patterns with Born to lose? WE ALL WANT TO WIN - OR DO WE? 1 There are certain things in lle that are beyond question and i's clear that one ofthese ‘unquestionablesis that everyone wants to win, At the enjoyable end ofthe victory spectrum isthe sheer exhilaration of crossing the finishing line frst, coming top ofthe class or spraying champagne from the podium, At the other lies that depressing, kicked-in-the gus ache of being the lose. So surely, weal hate it when we lose ~or do we? Vocabulary Positive character adjectives El 2 Write the names of people you know who can be described using these words. Check now words in OREN pst, 2. Professor Schulthels from the Universy of Michigan carried out various 1 experiments on 108 college students, and t surprised him 0 discover that some people became stressed ater winning in the laboratory task, This research challenges the widely held belief that the will to win is ‘universal human desire. Schultheiss concludes that people can be split nto wolves (who are uteri driven to win and find it ilficult to cope ‘with losing) and sheep (whose triumphs over ochers bring distress) leborato courigeous , dedsive Gsteartal Innocent, rmatiolous dest outgSng Sponténeous "thy bb Workin pairs. Swap lists. Ask about the people on your partner's ist Speaking and Reading Bd Workin pairs. Answer the questions 1 Wat's your ide ofa success person? 2 Wien characterises from fa dovyou thnk are necessary tobe scone? Why? Do you think everyone woul ike tobe success? Why Wy noe? EV 2 Look at the tite of the article and the picture. What do you think the article is going to suggest? bb Read the article and check your ideas. Match headings a-g with paragraphs 1-7. Inthe spotight ‘An unexpected rau Male arc female priori at most pean babe Wat happens next? Know yours ‘Aleck of st awarenesssays i’ difficult to know whether sheep 2 because, when asked i they prefer towin o lose, mos people say they'd rather win, Similarly people are not always conscious of where they sit on the power motivation spectrum, According to Dr Wirth, if you ask people they ke being in «positon of power, they usually say Its not an aspect of their personality that most people are conscious of Dr Wirt believes that knowing which category you fall nto — wolf or sheep —can bring benefits. "I you can i cour working environment to Sut you. There ate some people who get pleasure and satisfaction from being in positions of power, and there are those who are less comfortable dominating other Dr Adrian Atkinson, a busines psychologist, bel motivation is linked with personality. Wolves are lik highly competitive and driven by a need to achieve. Sheep are relatively uncompettiv che compuls achieve, For Dr Atkinson, “The explanation could be mare 19 do with che perceived consequences of winning than winning isl. ‘Winning increases uncertainty, because people think, ‘So, what now? Wi high need for achievement like t power willbe expected of me? Competitive people with a deferential wertainty. M people may find this uncertainty stessul Dr Wirth believes that it mi winning that triggers the stress response. “People with high power motivation like tobe the centre of attention, so it follows that not winning is stressful” Apparently, these people har chat someone else is getting the accolade th feel should have been theirs, wh public anything to avoid it as for low-power indi hat there ty. n sheep and wolve is likely to bea strong gender spit betve with more women than men being sheep. “Its not that women hate winning, bot they don't mind losing important things, such asthe health and oftheir family, and are able to contextus ey are usually well-being Men are more work-focused and achievement-orentate onditioned by society vo win 1a vestigial behaviour that they havent let go, wh need to compete all the time IG) 2 Putthose sentences in order accorcing to the article 4 Mot poope arent are of which group the ong. Some people fel sessed when theirs s made pubic “The desir to wins a shared behaviour a vanced by erurenmental ctor 4. Dr Schutheise expected het eveyona nthe roetmants Wud ns osrg stress J sastacion n't necessary determines by how much power jou have ovr cers 1 The mtr fds thardte beleve anyone would preter to l20. 1 «Some personality types thre in stuatlons fate expectations may change b Work in pairs. Compare your answers. Find evidence in the article to support each statement in 4a, Ed Work in groups. Discuss these questions. 1 Ave thera sing for example whan doing sport? 2st possible to be both a shoap and a wal? Why2/Why not? 3 How do you feel when faced with uncertainty spout the future’ 4 Do you agree that there isa gender disir bbotwwoan sheep and wolves? 5 Do,you think you are a sheep or a wot? Why? _ 9: HELP WITH GRAMMAR EE « Use these prompts to make sentences about yourself or people Patterns with it you know. Which ofthese extracts (1-7) useit as 1 tte obvious & prefer) it when ‘subject? Which use it as object? Read 2 It's difficult to 6 can't bear it when the explanations below to check. 3. Its no wonder 7 consider timpotte 1 ts clear tht one of hese 4 itssuprng 8 woud love tt eee etd ees Workin pairs, Tel each other your sentences. Ask follow-up 2. ... it's just not an aspect of their personality Sueetions that they ere conscious ot. ; 3 sit difleut to know whether sheep Listening and Vocabulary Consciously fee stressed .. ‘0 ft follows that not winning Is svesstul it surprised him to discover that ‘So surely we all hate it when we lose ‘people can be spiitinto wowves, who find it ifficut to cope with losing Dl @ EEG ts Listen to the preview of a racio programme, What is “impostor syncrome"? ras suasEcT «© the subjact ofthe ver is along and ‘grammatically complex structure, we often Put tat the end ofthe clause/eentence. 5 Weuse itas the subject of the verb atthe 5 beginning of the ciause/sentence. Whether sheen consck ed fscifeut to know. : ‘= It’s aifficult to know whether sheep _ : consciously feel stressed, * ITAS OBJECT © We often use /t as the abject of a verb where trefers to clause ltr inthe b [EEE 16 Listen to Valerie, Richard and Miranda, Complete eee these sentences with their names. So sure, we al nate it when we ose preteen 1 knew ebout mpostor syndrome betors the interview. ; 2 has never experenced impostor syncrome, EZ Match the fve examples of tas 3 worisin TV. subject in 6ato these structures. i Liners © iter’ 5 Is doing a postgraduate degree. ea Listen again. Choose the correct answers. : Paes 1 a. Valerie thinks /doesn't thnk her clohts realise she lacks confidence. Seen She expevionced/aan't experience impostor syndrome wen she : recnnegaad ‘was a teacher. © + object + Infintlve with to 2 a Richard makes/doesn't make mistakes in his work. Match the two examples oft as 1 He gay there are/arent any people inthe mec who experince object in 6a to these structures. settdoutt Teen 3 8 Mranda feosdoss' fa she's been very ck, : ee She s/s paying for her studs hese 2 + adjective + infinitive with to [Work in groups. Discuss these questions. TIP + There are many common expressions 1 Doyou think that many people experience ‘impostor syndrome"? 5 wit as subject 3 no good fs no use 2 What advice woud you ge to someone who steed fom 1? + ys no wonder th . no cohedence 3 Doypou think impostor sndome exist more arnong aliied people? Set 4 Doypou think thet everyone in very reaponstlepostons felts way © Check in ESEINENP p1s2 sometimes? Why Wy net?HELP WITH PRONUNCIATION Speech units and stress (1) 2 EER 15 Listen tothe dentin of impostor Syndrome’ again and write down exactly what yourear b Look at Audio Script FESIP 15 pt66 and check what you wrote, What problems did you have (for txample, not hearing some words)? 2. Listen again. Divide the text on p16 into speech Units (/) and mark the word which is stressed most In each speech unit. TIP + We stress certain words because they carry important information or bacausa they ae ideas that we wish to focus on Have you héard of /!impéstor sindrome? // 'b Practise saying the definition, HELP WITH VOCABULARY Connotation: positive and neg: adjectives ‘© Sometimes two character adjectives can describe similar traits, but one may Nave a posite and one may have a negative contain, fe character ‘2 Compare these extracts and answer the questions. RICHARD I don’t want to sound atcogant. INTERVIEWER And you're generally quite confident that you can deliver what they want? 1 Doboth ofthe undorined adactives refer to someone whois very sure of his? 2 Which adjective means the person thnks hes better than ‘other ceopie? ‘8 Which adjective has a positive connotation? Which has @ ngative cornatation? b Match these negative character adjectives to the positive character adjectives in 1a on p26, rBctiess ) reséved tightfsted tssy oat impétucus loud naive cubmissive ‘© Work in pairs. Compare answers. 1d Match cartoons A-D with character adjectives from 13b, Try to define the adjectives. © Check in CEXEIMINEEP p41. ‘2 Choose three adjectives from 1a and 13b to describe yourself. b Work in pairs. Tall your partner which adjectives you chose and why. IE)» Work in groups Discuss the sentences in 16, Bf tes stil not quite right Yes, sir. OF | course, st sis? I'm not | paying tha Get ready ... Get it right! Look at these sentences. Make notes on what you could sey for and aganst each one. «ts krocssibl to be in, powerful anc ie © Every employ na company shout havea tum at beng manage «is essen iston'o other people's opinions bore making docsane «-Schaols shoud tach students tobe meticulous when prossring work Sat-contdence necessary for somes Ie’ ridiculous to say bb Toll the class which sentences your group agreed with,A happy, healthy life QUICK REVIEW introductory it Think about things that are happening in the world at the ‘moment using three of these sentence stems: 5 / find it difficult to see how +1 think it's terrible .-j love it when ... . Work in pairs and. ‘compare your ideas. Vocabulary Phrasal verbs: health EE 2 Guess the meanings of the phrasal verbs in bold. Check in RUGMEIEEP 141 ou fee cold coming on? nen you are bitten by an insect, does the area ind the bite usualy swell up {Have you ever picked up @ stomach bug when raveling somewhere new? ou ever tied usin is blocked up? 5. you go down with fu, do you usualy sti goto or? 41 What do you doi that are going around? ‘on antibiotics 8 Have you evar come out in arash because: were allorgc to something you'd eaten? 9 Have you aver come off antibiotics bet were supposed to? 10 Have you ever sutfered ftom a condition that fares up from time to te b Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions. Reading and Speaking Bd Work in groups of four. Look at the photos and the aricle headline. Predict the suggestions thatthe article might give Ed studont A p108. Student 8 p109. Student C pitt Student D pita Ed 2 Work in the same groups of four. Discuss these questions. Give examples. 1 Which suggestions are common knowledge your county? 2 Which research finngs, itary, surprised y 3 Would you disagree with any 8, which one 4 Would you consider following any ofthe suggestions i'80, which bb Tell the class your conclusions. Vocabulary phrasal verbs: health Grammar Inversion GREAT WAYS TO WELL-BEING You don't have to follow a pu eadmnil. The path toHELP WITH GRAMMAR Inversion Look at these examples. What changes are made when we begin a sentence with a limiting adverbial (e.9. seldom) or ‘a negative adverbial (2.9. under no circumstances)? 1 People sekdom associate being married wth being healthy bb Seldom do people associate being married with being healthy. 2 Youshould not exercise immeciately ater eating @ heavy meal > Under no circumstances shoud you exercise immediately ete eating « hoavy moal b Look at the limiting and negative adverbials in bold in these sentences. Then underline the inversion, 11 Not only oes dental hygiene eave painful and expensive vist to tha enti t may also prevent strokes 2 Not until last weok did he agree to stop smnoking 3 Very rarely do you hear anything negative about eating fish 4 Only recently have experts come to appreciate the heath bene eating cur © Look at sentences 1-3 in Sb. What auxiliaries are used when we invert Present Simple and Past Simple? Look at these clauses in pink and blue. Which clause has the inversion? 1. Not until she learns to relax will things got better. 2. Only when we got the dog did we start going for long walks. TIPS + Inversion ot can occur after another complete clause beginning with + Although inversion ie usuell found in tarry and formal texts, wo also use itn less formal spoken and written English when we want to add emphasis or dramatic etfect. @ Check in FETTER p142. fa Read two more ways to stay healthy. Find and correct five mistakes with inversion. ‘Only recently experts have suggested that there are many health benefits fom being exposed to sunlight. Not only it helps reduce depression and pain it also reduces high blood pressure. Seldom we hear anything postive about drinking wine. However, research suggests that not only drinking 2 moderate amount of red wine reduces the risk of heart attacks, it can also help protect elderly people from mental decine. But of course, under no circumstances people should drink and drive. 'b Work in pairs. Student A, read out your corrected version of paragraph 1. Student B, read out your corrected version of paragraph 2. Do you agree with each other's corrections?Listening El 2 Workin pas. You ae going osten to Six people talking about wet they do to Cheer themselves up. Look atthe phtos and guess some ofthe things they might tak about 17 Listen to three conversations. Were any of your predictions correct? © Fillin each gap with a name (Naomi, Rachael, Helen, Alex, lan and Fran), 1 needs exercise, 2 makes arrangements to see trends. a kes to be on their oun. 4 and think about happy memories, 5 has done the same thing since childhood. Listen again, Answer the questions, 1. a RACHAEL Milopen one ofthese (Open whet?) 1b NAOMI treaty does take you out of your down moment. (Wat does?) 2 a ALex can do t any te | tke. (Downer?) 1b HELEN I's Impossible to foe stressed when you're zipping around tke that. (On what?) 3 IAN ... bocause it's reat fun and colourful (What is?) lay Il tr tobe cynical about it (About what?) [Dl 2 Ea 10 In spoken English, the speaker often uses files (you know, kind of ete) or makes false starts (ve got... I've kept all the letters). Ths allows the speaker more thinking time. Look at this extract. Underline clfferent examples of redundancy. FRAN Well, generally if, um, if'm not feeling, erm, too happy then, erm, I need something to work towards, so, erm, I try and rake contact with friends that I don't realy see very often and, erm, and I find that if Fm, I'm with them then I kind of forget about what's going on at the time and just remember the things 1, you know, used to do with them, and, erm, they just kind of, x, accept my personality so I don't have to, you know, that, that trivial ching that’s usually making me not very happy. Doesn't really mean very much to them so . b Workin pairs. Compare answers © Look at Aus Script ENUF 1 p167. Check your answers Get ready ... Get it right! Make alist of things that you do to cheer yourself up when youre fling abit low. Think about al ho positive effects ‘associated with each acti = G0 fora rn and listen to msc onan MP9 player ~ gets you out o the house, heathy takes your mind off your problems ‘2 Work n groups. Take turns to try to persuade other students to try your ideas. ‘Try it, Not only does it get you out of the house, but it’s also very good for you physically. 'b Tell the class about your group's most unusual and most popular ideas.IE Workin pars and ciscuss these questions, Fi po Val ed even ac acaba? Wet, how cad you improve t? 2. How cin do you cancel social or buses comments? '3-How woul youtol he oeepe concerned? What kira otanguage weld you use? [By Peas the situation below. What should Sofa say to her boss? Sofa is a reslance journalist who wes 2 popuiar weeky column fora newpaper ‘She was going fo we next years columns but very recently decid to take a year Of to travel and research a new book. She wites an emai to her boss, Cea, atthe ‘newspaper, explaining why she cannot contre wring the column, Read So's daft ema Ignore any spetng mistakes for now. How do you think Sofi’s oss wil feel when she reads I? Why? El 2 Choose the correct spelling. CES 143. ‘This isn't an every day / everyday occurrence. | take everyone / every one of my jobs seriousy W's a twelve-hour.a-day twelve hours a day job. Js there anyone /any one you know who can help? |s thece anyway /any way | can makeit up to you? He maybe / may be trea Find and correct five spelling mistakes in the draft email. (A missing hyphen counts as ‘a spelling mistake.) [Ey Look atthe underlined connecting words inthe email anc notice the punctuation. Complete sentences 1-5 using the same connecting words. Sometimes there is mare than one possible answer. pias. 1. I've decided to give up my job, Hove: my work 2 | was panning to say ro at fest, ve changed my rin 2: very much enjoy wen the clare, Ive aiays wand otra 4 Traveling ges you tine think working fulsime doa’ Vkxow th 8 no idea! wil werk together agen. ope we Connecting words contrast (1) Spelling one word, two words or hyphenated Witing task semi-formal email; canceling an arrangement DearCela, Iwas good tosee yout the planning meting 2 few weeks ago. However, since then, Ihave decides that cannot continue ‘iting the column for you. Quite unexpectedly Ihave been asked to writea book, which involves years research and travel. My fist response was to say no, but after some thought, ve changed my rind, Not unt thought about it, dl | telise that desperately needa break from everything. Doing 2 fulltime, ive-days-2-week ob for years, have only had time to think about every day concerns, heres traveling will give me anew perspective on life, Alhough | very much enjoy writing the column, ve always wanted to writea book 50 thisisa great opportunity. ‘Many apologies, Cela, and even though this situation isnot ideal, "hope that we maybe able to wore together again inthe future. Best wishes, Sofia [Gi Workin pairs. Read the taskand discuss the questions ‘You hav agreed iodo somthing fra werk contact. However, your plans have changed and you have fo cancel the arangement. Wrte Sn emai excising why you have 0 carat 11 What have you agread to do and what has made you chenge your plans? (eg. ave a presentation, go on a business tp, eta.) How many points ae you going to make? How many paragraphs do you need to cover your points? Which connecting worde can you ue to Ink your points? \What language rom lessons 3A and 3B can you use? Work alone. Write your email ‘Check your email for these features, connecting words/phrases sealing language trom lessons 3A 0: 3B, eeece [Bd ead another student's emai. How does it make you feel? Underline words/phrases thal explain your answer. Then discuss ways to improve you" email, © For more Writing practice: Portfolio 3, Workbook p60.VOCABULARY 3C AND SKILLS Vocabulary euphemisms Real World being tactful It’s the way you Say it Eh 2 GEIB 1° Listen to our conversations in which two people respond in ferent ways. Match each Conversation fo situations A-D in 2a, 'b Listen again, Which response do you think is more tactful, aor b? Why? ‘© Work in pairs. Look at Audio Script 1.19 on pt67 ‘and practise the tactful conversations in 3a. Take turns to respond tacttully. IE @ How would you say the phrases in bol in ‘amore direct way? Check in KISTTENNERE 41 {REAL WORLD Being tactful 4. Tis yu dra oe econoracal wc un [Gi @ Write these headings in the correct places (1-5). occasion | think you were teling alle on that occasion. 2 You get a discount on pubic transport if yours a senior citizen, ving-pastfonms using adverbs of attitude Using modals using vague language ‘ot sounding negative {3 My dad's somewhat behind the times went comes to technology. He sill watches videos. 4 Rosie's car has seen better days. She could relly do with a new ene. {5 You have to speak up ~ she's getting on abit and Is hard of hearing 6 Iwas fealng a ita under the weather yesterday, 50 I stayed in bea. 7. Your son can be a bit of a handful at times and fds ‘he work we're doing challenging, {8 Its bit on the chilly side in this room, Can we turn the heating up? b Workin pairs. Take turns to test each other on the euphemisms in ta. economical wich the truth ‘Thar means ‘telling a lie. {Look at the cartoons on p35 and read situations {A-D. In which of these situations might you complain, refuse an invitation, disagree or give your opinion? 18 Your partner has taken you to the cinema asa birthday treat You cin ik it but your partner dit Your boss asks you round fora meal but you don’t want to go. © The water asks youl you tked your very expensive meal. You ae not hapoy witht A trend is tying on some new trousers. Youreally dont Ike them on rine. 'b For each situation, think of ways in which you could respond in a direct way and in a less direct ‘way. Why might you prefer to be more tactful? using past forms We were planning to goto the cinema tomorrow. “They could co with being (at loosar It could have been a bit hotter. I'd. go for black instead | were you We must al get together some time. (They could do with boing) a bit ooser. Ie as eort of interesting in pats ‘The steak was on the tough side. | think darker colows sult you better. ve 690n better performances. Quite honestly, I've s2en better performances. Unfortunately, ne steak was Checkin pi, Eh Gad 20 Listen to tive sentences and practise saying them in a tactful way. ‘Match pairs of sentences 1-4 to situations A-D ina, 1 ‘a Tomorrows net ideal fr me, Im afraid. 'b_ Weld hoped to go anc visit Lisa's parents then, ‘8 Frankly wasn't quite upto your usual standard 1b Wel, | would have to sey we've had better here, ‘2 twasn't very groping at ines. 'b_ |wouldr't eee it again butt had its moments! ‘2 think might choose something a bt less fussy. 'b_Iimnot over the moon about the style, personaly. Work in pairs. Can you think of anything else you might say in the situations?satircngan dco tcomece Eee 1. A Fick and | were hoping you and Harry could spend next weekend with us. Our kids would love you to. i Vocabulary, Grammar and Real World 8 Noon ones ee = Extra Practice and Progress Portfolio 3 pt16 2 50, did you tke the fir? | realy enjoyed it. pica ea Did you? Ic. 3A So, what do you thnk of my new haste? = Language Summary 3 p141 B tlooks reicious! = Workbook 3 pts 4 {hope you're satised with your accommodation. ‘= Self-study DVD-ROM 8 with Review Video ‘8 Well, woe not. The rooms too smal Work wth another par. Rea your conversations and suggest improvements to make them tact El 2 Workin pairs. Choose a situation and wite a Conversation orone of he situations, ofa least four ines. 1 Year aldo cousin nites yourtamiy oa party, but your teenage cre rely Son want 098. 2. Your tends enteng scout a CO snes jst oun 1m Reading and Writing which you realy disike. Give your reaction. 2 Yaurbeerhas lst rove nice ow fous, ohich ou Bortolo tA proposal Workbcok p80 i Reading a proposal for gym membership thinks homo, Ghe your opinion ee ‘Writing putting forward ideas ina proposal b_ Swap papers with another pair. Try o extend the other pair's conversation.Vocabulary News collocations 4. Match the verbs in tothe ‘wores/phvases in 8. Check in EAE pe e seek | apress conference hola | te ont page make \ the news cus theheadtines hit press release run fore! Isoue slot of coverage bb Fillin the gape with a word from ta, 1 How do you thonews? Do you: ead a newspacer reac ‘online; wateh ton TVs svt te rah 2 Whats the att story to ‘haheadines in yo 8. What type of recaivos a lot of 4 Do newspapersin your country © Workin pairs. Ask and answer the questions in 1b. Ask fllow-up questions Society and the media oS Vocabulary news collocations Grammar phrases refering to the future emtthopes to ees iil hs une 19 :oundon a convenonl dest should spend a est frets monts afer passing 2e70 leah imt. ana na cing a rah. The\nsues said hatanTeyearcd dsReading Bi « Work in pairs. Read news headlines a-f below. What do you think the stories are about? Which sounds the most interesting? Driving age about to rise © Crowded space on the verge of cetastoote Patients to be entertin by Cort ae Ee We AR ey | cine ee ieee BR wocemseass sons ators a: Sr eetedobenbniaesiaed believe ts ho may eles b Match headlines a-f to news | Items 1-5. Which headline does not belong to any of the stories? Read news items 1-6 again fron @ ‘Then complete these sentences in pring sale coring your own words baer. sen fh eral kag 1a The dentist has created a aqueterof ther curent se use of global ‘musical cil because Younger patents wil ke the rll bacause 2. a Insurers want young drivers to lam for @ year before taking ‘heir test because b Graduated driver icensing has been introduced nat the maximum Body ro shine ly dependent o ate canst oxygen evel which 3. a Andrew Simms beleve a four atm se Rosaries ay week wl boneft employers Columei sy they ae sup He betoves empioyees wil theententofthe change olson favour the echeme because Durer eacetbate the 4 a Fish aregettng small as a fed Read more reautct Scientists ae surpriad by 5 a Theprobiem of space dab is 8 geting worse because »b Space agencies nosd to soe ths problem auicky because b Work in pairs and compare is packed with jt sages and courte andotner manmade fragments. ace debi? Et re-enters the Eat fee ethers 4 Look again at stories 2 and 3 to dodge colton Fag sas land discuss these questions. rete hve the potent to deo bo saster 11 What isthe station in your becauie ofthe speed at which they ae traveling Space t country? agencies around the world are working urgent ond vt fature casters which are bound tobe 2 Doyou agree with the proposed Caused by space debris, Read more course of ection? b Present your ideas to the class.HELP WITH GRAMMAR Phrases referring to the future EB 2 Look again at headines 2-f below. Change them inte sentences by adding the correct form of ba, and an arcle where necessary. Deng age about tee Crone space onthe verge of catastrophe Rastrctons set to emprve safety on the road 20 of fh o shrink a8 280 temperatures rise Petits fo be entrain ty musical dl Shortar week due tobe nrecuea » ‘ News headines are not usualy written as complete sentoncs Look at the words/phrases in blue in headlines a-f ‘and in pink in extracts 1-5 below. Match the words/ phrases to these meanings, ‘something wil happen, probably in the near future the speaker or writer is saying how certain this is 1 The modi dilis sur to prove popular with his younger patents 2 - Others below itis unlikely to appeal to employees who may fear loss of pay. 3. The maximum body weight of fish s likely to shrink 4 Pollution is bound to “further exacerbate the effects 5 The problem s certain to get worse. © Look again at the words/phrases in pink and biue. Which is followed by a noun’ What verb form follows the other phrases? IP + due fos often used when we are talking about a particular time: She is due to arrive later today. 4 Check in ESEIIINER 144 2 Make sentences with these prompts and the names of counties, people, et. 1 holy / vin /mach Bao key to win ther next match against England 2 aure/do wal 8 tly get rere 4 verge / mck /decson 8) bound/ spend tne © soout/ sal a b due / retire tain / become successt Work in pairs. Tell each other five of your sentences. Ask follow-up questions, Listening and Speaking ‘a Make a list of the most popular TV programmes in your country. Tick the ones you watch, Work in pairs and compare lists. ED «Read the news item below. What types of TV programme ae likely fo replace curent realty TV Shows on Channel 3, and why? 'b Do you think this reflects viewers’ opinions in your country? Why?/Why not? NEW TV BOSS ON THE VERGE OF AXING REALITY TV SHOWS: ‘THE NEW HEAD of Channel 13, Millicent Daves, is bout 10 make major changes to programming schedules. “We believe people are ready fora change ~a move vay from the tired formulas of realty TV. Our research shou that viewers would like to see @ return to more fact-based programmes ~ documentaries or wildlife films for example. They would also like more drama and more ‘comedy and tis is what we iptend to offer”2 EEG 2: Listen to Sue and Dan discussing television Answer these questions. 1+ What programmes doos Sue ike and wn? 2 Why doesnt Dan ke the same programmes? 3 What programmes does Dan ike? bb Workin pairs. Who sai the folowing, Sue or Dan? + Sometmos you just wart o put your fet up and lett wash over you its intellectually bankrupt ends just rudbish Its 6ad inditment on soci Thats abt heavy Its 0 98 tho worst poop. t's poking fun at people. They know what they letting themselves in or. There's enough sport on TV asi, i's on alte te nat | wants some good comedy for ma to eax Wel, each to their own Listen again and check. Match the words/phrases in bold in 9b to meanings a~i making people seem rciculous rot inteligantin any way watch or listen without concentrating ‘everyone tkes diferent things ralax in a comfortable environment what kindof unpleasant situation they're geting involved in sign that a systern is wrong 10 serious or cficul to enjoy the way itis now H]_ Work in pairs and discuss these questions. Give reasons, 1 Whose opinions do you agree with more: Sue's or Dan's? 2 What do you think are the worst types of TV programme? 3 What ae the best? : HELP WITH PRONUNCIATION A series of items 1 [El 2 Listen again and notice how Dan Uses rising intonation to indicate a series of similar tems. It's //er t's a tired template / that's been used // that’s provocative // t's thereto create eontict // it's to see the worstin people. // Its actualy // ts poking fun at people / at their igor b Listen and practise saying the extract. TIP + Thelast item often has afaling tone, to signal the end of the series. ‘¢_Work in pairs. Look at Audio Script 21 on p167, Practise the end of the ‘conversation in bold. Get ready ... Get it right! Look at these statements. Do you agree or disagree? 1 The internet wil replace television as the main form of home entertainment 2 People won't goto the cinema to watch ‘ms but will simoly download fims onto thele ‘mebile phanes or computers. 8 User-generated content (videos, photos, blogs, eto. thet anyone can publish onina) will continue to increase, 4 ODs.and DVDs will continue t exist. 5. Live performances by singer, bands, orchestras, et. wil ramain popular. {6 People wil continue to buy books and Hocaries wil stl ex b Work in groups. Discuss each statement. © Tall the class your conclusions. bsVocabulary near synonyms Cities and technology Grammar future in he past QUICK REVIEW Phrases referring to the future Work in groups. Talk about stories that are in the news. Try to use phrases like set fo, due 0, about fo, on the verge of, etc. Tell the class about the most interesting news item you discussed. Reading and Vocabulary El) Work in pairs. Tell each other about a big city you know or have lived in, How has it changed over the years? BV @ Look at sentences 1-8 and try and predict thé missing Information about the development of cites aly hurnans och stay in + o The Al 2 RE OR TTD * meen eagerly People continue to move to cites HEREVER YOU THINK THE HUMAN STORY BEGAN, itis clear that ay because ‘homo sapiens did not start life as urban creatures, Man's habitat at fy; Raid the atcia about how and the outset was dominated by the need to find food; hunting and foraging were why citles developed. Were your rural pursuits, Not until the end of the last ice age ~ about 11,000 years ago predictions correct? = did humans start building anything that might be ealled a village, and by that time man had been around for about 120,000 years. It took another nillennia forthe population of cities to grow to more than 100,000. Even in ‘the 18008, only $% ofthe world’s population ive in cities, That figure ha risen to over 50%. So, wi The development of cities is syne ED a Read the article again. What is the link between these numbers? :20,000 ly or not, human beings have become homo urban 1ymous with human development. The ideas to summarise the article. tokens ~ the forerunners of coins — were produced as receipts for grain; not b Work in groups. Compare your. _ 7 problema? ‘known as the hub of an empire (Constantinople), of learning (Bologna), orcommerce (Hamburg) Some flourished, some died, their longevity depending on factors as varied as war, disease, misgovernment or ‘eanomie eellapse Whatever the particular circumstances ofa city, though, its success was likely to be governed by technological change. For example, improvements in transport made the growth of trade possible. Then in the 19th century, the invention of engines and ‘manufacturing machinery provided factory work which attracted multitudes of rural inhabitants to leave the land forthe sty The latest leap, from 13% to over 50% (in just over 100 years, also owed something to seience and technology. Improvements in medicine meant that more and more people cou live together ‘without succumbing to disease. These same developments in medicine similarly lengthened lives in the countryside, leading toa huge rise in the rural population. However, hhas not been matched with commensurate growth in rural prosperity. Asa result, more and more villagers have been upping sticks to seek a better life in cities. The sheer scale and speed of the current urban expansion, particularly in China and India, is unlike any other big change in history to date; by 2050, an expected 75% of all human beings are likely to live incites. HELP WITH VOCABULARY Near synonyms \We often ave repeating the same words so nat what wo say or wits less repettve a ‘tis clear that homo sapiens did not start life as turban creatures. Man's habitat atthe outset ‘a Find synonyms or near synonyms for these words in the article, 1 homo sapiens: man vilages: country folk imnprovements are not alvays interchangeable. 11 formality: Ke! and chil are siniar but kis ‘mors informal How are the kids? (informal) formal 2. collocations: huge and large are similar but do locate with the same words. "Ve uge lenge problem. 3 grammatical agreement Tergoy ike to travel. 44 connotation: determined and obstinate similar rites, but datarmingd has @ more positive conratation. | ace sause aho's so abatnate determined. b Check in KERIUEMIEEY p14 ‘Make the blog below less repetitive by replacing the words in bold with the correct, form of synonyms in the box. o/eniey vaveling, eniey be foreatito urban passers-by vehicles suddenly come to a standstil exasperating gaze at enjoy Personally ike living in a ke the bustle and sounds of ity if and love people-watching. Infact, often sit in cafes just watching ‘people Inthe street. [don't even mind all the cas. know its infuriating when you'e eiving along and cars unexpectedly ‘stop for no apparent reason. Then you Thave to wat forages before anything moves. utes facet itcan be equally infuriating when youre driving nthe country and you Pumexpectedly have to stop toletaherd of sheep assy. Then ten minutes later you have to stop again to Met herd of cows pastistening El 2 Look at photos 1~4 of props from the Star Tek TV Sores, Whats today's equivalent of he technology? bb [EEE 2° ston and check your answers. Listen again. Choose the correct answer. 1 The frst cellphones were raughiy heavy as modem phones. 2 Dr Raymon is an asironaut/a scientist inv ‘exploration of space. 3 Voyager is about to leave the solr system/retum to Earth 4 Surgery before the 19 50 times as hed inthe 8. Steve Periman worked fortook his idoa fo Appl. 7. QuickTime fofowedprecedted te iPod, 26 Look at speech bubbles A-D, Listen anc fil inthe gaps wth thre, four or five words. ect know ou teas success n tne xignal sens nothing was based on sent reserch ast made al up. Lie dd we know these gadgets cing 0 nape e generation of young earings. ‘And seme ofthese young fan Depend trig to tun StarTrek ots ro ea. >| "| or We that many of the inventors in Slicon Valley had been StarTrek fans as kids, Al these Voce = wise Work in groups. Group A p106. Group B p109. Group C pitt HELP WITH GRAMMAR Future in the past HED © Look at these sentences anc answer the questions. 1 Inwhich one are we predicting the resut? 2. Inwhich one do we know the result”? ‘2 We didn't know our ideas were going to be successful » We believe our ideas are going to be successful b Match the sentences in 10a to these meanings. 1 talking about the future seen fram now 2 taking about tne futur seen for a point inthe past © Complete the table with verb forms 1-5 in speech bubbles A-D. the future seen from now __| the future seen from the past amilsiare gong to + intritve | was/were going to + infinitive wil inves ‘amisiare supposed + infintive amitelare about to + infiive ‘amisfae to +infritve Check in ESSIEN 145, Complete these sentences. At least two sentences Should be fase 1 Yesterday, was about to 2 Lest sures, was going 0. . but ‘3 Thtine last year, had ro ie 4 han tes ang to 5 Once, Imad a prose to (rye ec) that Ie aways b Work in pairs and say your sentences. Your partner ‘guesses which ones are true, Ask follow-up questions about the true sentences. Get ready ... Get it right! iWriting ‘What types of programme should there be more of. on TV? What programmes should there be fewer of? ‘why? Read the writing task below. Then read the extract from a student's answer. Ignore any mistakes for now. Do you agree with their ideas? Why?/Why nat? Following changes to TV programming at Channel 13, “TVB is aso koan to review its schedule, The ecitor has asked viewers to write proposals, suggesting what types of programme should be shown less, and what should replace them. Give an example ofthe types of programme you mention, briefly describing the content, ‘and justiying your suggestions, Ea There are a numberof mistakes with punctuation in tha extract. Roplace three commas with ful stop: 'b Find and correct eight mistakes with capita letters. EERE os. i hoose the correct connecting words. Sometimes both answers are possible. FIRE piss 1 Viewing fares ae doun despte/bu the prgremme hasnot been cencaled 2 Insp of/Atheugh she has been contacted, wehave a ep 2 cist ety TV. Novertheless/However, Callon’s new Seres is north natoning 4 Few peopiehave the money to spend on reat hse design Nonetheless/Even though, ese people seem to ave unites finds Ho only go 60% nhs exam rovertolss however i's beter han et year 6 Daspte/n soo her hard work, hy fale o make the desi 7 The i was tal complete in sate cfatheuch the et ssues. 1. Despte/Athough bing let, propos wl be consderes. ‘9 Read the extract again, Match the underlined ‘word with these patterns 1 +notn phase or vero + ing + clause (eubect + er) b Replace the underlined words with another word/ phrase which has the same grammar pattem and meaning ‘© Continue the final sentence. Then compare your Sentences in groups Connecting words contrast (2) Punctuation capital eters and ful stops Writing task a proposel There is mot enough varity on TV for instance. there are hu series curvy showing on the topic of esigning improving houses and. linda dapat wm otk TI presenter dr Paul Bayer vst people's dream houses and interiuss ‘te owners though the huses are unusual and sometimes Fer apy lr ean lat ve th money to spend on great house designs naacthlss, these people seem fo have unlimited fonds to pour int mowete ae! ‘swoul be beter te replace these programmes with som shoe the Arts Fritts avers bch iene ‘interviews the actors, Despite the tres in Celebrites, thre arene ‘nteresting programmes which ok seriously at flns. landerstand snes chat show inte umous pape is about lt at hw evn fms papa er Plan an answer to the writing task in 2. © Make notes about the ideas you want to include (eg. the types of programme, an example, reasons for what yOu. propose, etc) © Organise your notes into two or three paragraphs. © Think about an introduction end conclusion b Work in pairs and compare notes. Do you have similar or different ideas? Write your proposal Check your writing for these features. punctuation ‘connecting words repatitn i you have repeated words, replace them with synonyms) EF 4 Workin pars Read your partner's proposal using the checkltin 7b. bb Discuss possible problems together. Improve your, writing if you can. ® For more Writing practice: Portfolio 4, ‘Workbook p63.Se NUNN 4C AND SKILLS EI Look at the images and headines from two different news sources on the same day. Then work in pairs and answer these questions, 1 Inwhat nays aa tha two news sources citferent? Think the way they look and what the main stores re Ig ‘tabloid’ and which i the ‘quaity press”? Which one do you thinks more popular? Why? What kind of readership. appeal to you thik each one might > [EET 2s Listen to dart of an intorviow with Andrew Cook, a sub-edtor on a national tablold newspaper. Compare your ansvers in ta with what he says rae Making a etal Soi = Panic selling = £2bn fund Corp E fica Vocabulary newspaper language Skis Reading: two news stories; stoning: Interview with a sub-eltor Real World persuading El Listen again. Compt this information wth one or ‘two words, 1 Although the way news s delivered has changed, the ofthe dtferent news sourcas hash't changed 2 inthe qualty press, the language is more and the presentation ofthe news is more 3 Tablods contrat how you end 4 The tabiods attract of readers 5 The moe ews sources aro loss popular with readers, 66 The qualty press often lead with stores. 7 ‘Downmarket' taboids prefer stories about fm star, royals and stories, '8 Andrew says that a‘spasi'is a story that appears on the The people who buy Andrew's paper tond to be fail. b Read these extracts from the interview. What do ‘the words/phrases in bold mean? 1... they sil present the news in @ more sober kind of fashion 2. he tabloid papers tend to shout at you 3... something with a much, sort of brasher, Instant appeal 4... so-caled red-top tabloids ine heart of our audienceHERO PILOT SAVES FLIGHT BA03S Give him a medal as big as a frying pan REBECCA EVANS irways pilot averted jing his jet into es 'BA03S airborne over ima field. Only by MARTIN FRICKER & EROIC. British A ltophe,yestrasy PY ai Sanat serie engines oben wep Fu wt ee ulster crashing ba a gen oara were, Se Se evr big 0s 0 fink Pan ge i fw fot above cars heading the airport. Read news stores A and 8, Wht ae the main diferences inthe language used? Think about the length of sentences {nd paragraphs and tha choice of vocabulary. El 2 EEG 28 Listen to Andrew. Are these statements true or false, according to him? 1 Sentences in the quality press are usualy shorter anc clearer 2 The language o tabloids tends to havea dramatic fot. ‘3 Paragraphs re delberatty kept very short in taboids. bb Andrew uses thase phrases to describe the language of tabloid news. What do you think they mean? 1 srappir language crisp sentences crash, bang, wallop style tune with the auc 2 3 yi ¢ [EIR 27 Listen to Andew explaining how a story gets chosen as headline news. Answer these questions. 1 Who do the reporters nave to cornice to chooee ther story? 2 How should the story be wren? [Ei Work in pairs and ciscuss these questions 1 Were you surprised by anything Androw said? 2. Does your county nave quay’ and ‘sown 2 Whet kindof ras sources ar popularn your county? Work in groups. Student A p108. Student 8 p08. Student C pt, REAL WORLD Persuading © Youve got to admit eIdhave thought ths story would make a better splash Don't you thnk mare people ae interested in. 7 © Thisis just the kind of story people want to reac. Heathrow escape for 150 passengers and crew as BA jet crash- lands before runway More than 150 = Passengers and crew escaped dastar Yesterday afer'a Brith Aina fer Cahn ert of the runway at Heathrow, aint missing a nearby road. The Boeing 777, arrwing Rot sng a ea ng 777, aving om Being struck the grounds 12 Spo ‘sporeae to eae south runway, crushing i ercarriage, which became detached, 2 ey onitsbly for eer hunted nee xls 16stong. cew and 135: pastengers yere Sits via the emergency aides arse poets {Budig four cen were rated in amped oes Cetera vat tag) ® Vocabulary, Grammar and Real World = Extra Practice and Progress Portfolio 4 pit = Video (TV addicts) p127 = Language Summary 4 p114 = Workbook 4 p19 Self-study DVD-ROM 4 with Review Video Reading and Writing & Portfolio 4 A website post Workbook p63 Reading a website post Writing ways to organise discussion wing 7Vocabulary word bil Behind the glamour vith mutple meaning Grammar reflexive pronouns ): prefixes QUICK REVIEW News collocations Write as many Ed Work in pairs and discuss these questions. ‘news collocations as you can. Work in pairs. Take tums to say the noun inthe colocation. Your partner Ae eee ee says te verb. A publicity. B seek publi 2 Wrelca ou BinkibadGigpizchelnees Speaking and Reading ‘ El @ Work in pairs. Discuss th questions, 1 Why do you think or necested int celebrite 2 Wty do you think some people went to work 2) Wihaiare i peels candace’! ntags pity personal assista b Read the article and,check your ideas. EA Choose the correct answers. Find evidence in the article. 1 Tho wttors marie 8 encourage poo eee cy cae ane eee bee REE Baers eee ok Saye ¥ Do Sees naee ten the ng roc See bye does ccrneofon Wil farchn pe Lene pone emery © the fat thatthe work iste not too demanch ee on Dean Johnson said tha with the same: on ‘a timstars havea higner protean pollens oe cot oars ore uot aa power ea irae ra eeee h reat arte a. encouraged everyone 1a jin the profession. - atreseed that commitments can be a problem, (© said that the job 8 rendent peonle, 5 Annie Brentwol said the arto ations with her employe e tine tasks ona daly basis, 70 Jes about har chosen profession, Shee peepee een ere yrs pepeerlpae peeredthe secretary of state, but they can nome Hollywood actors,” he said, “It's sad but eee eer eee ee rere ee speaker began by laying down some ees ce ee Se eee a pen eee eee Pact ne eee aoe eer erat eee eer You have to have a ‘can-do’ attitude. If eee eee ean perenne etre a eee eee Cee ee ee (aye ect ee ey Se ea erg Peers ete os ors Brentwell wae constantly adjusting epee! eee eed Pee ee trusted confidante, the admirer, or the upportve family member. Yet, even pe eee eee eens Pa een eee fefusing to talk about herself orto eer eee ee Reve teeth se eee eer eo) ee ee ert) pete reer ener) real interaction. When | asked her how eee eee ener el ot era Critters reer eae Paar erie nny 0 fel certain emotions when we are on the job ee en Eee eee eet Se ee eee eee ere ere herent hs eee na tn The most dramatic example was when oe els emule al a ees See eee! Brentwelito wear her jewellery and es pee eee ed the whole experience of walking along See and having that very special feeling for a erat ead potatoe hoe Penne pea eer act eee epee ee Lnti late at night and you've dane al Ser eee nme ey superwoman. I'm proud of my ability to eee per eae eee eee Cees rata ee eer eet cere ener ete ate tee oe cee tesa ee ees peer eee eee) eer ete esHELP WITH VOCABULARY Word building (1): prefixes with multiple meanings © we don't know the meaning of a noun, adjective Cr verb, we can often guess from Is prefs, ‘@ Match these prefixes from the article to meanings 2-9, counter inter super pseudo semi under over ‘8 between (two things, people, etc) in oppostion to better/more than usual too much party not enough bb The same prefix can sometimes have more than one meaning. Maich the prefixes in bold in ‘sentences 1-6 to meanings a-f 1. The wires were tight interlocked 2 There has been a counter-attack by the rebels, 3 Ive heard that man is super-rich 4 Lightning flashed overhead as ve walked, a 5 Noxt, you have to draw a semicircle. 6 Tho ground was very wet undertoat. 12 from above/on top/acrose Joined together © 8. reaction to batt below t extemely Check in EESENETEND 4. ‘a. What prefixes from 4a and 4b can you add to these words to describe people or actions? motivated pro national 1 overachiever, uderachiover 3 5 paid 6 7 ° rtllectual productive hurnan 'b Work in pairs. Describe a word from Sa and {guess which word is described, When someone gets more money than they deserve. | | Overpaid? Listening and Speaking ‘2 Work in pairs and look at the photo of extras on a film set. What do you think their job is ike? Think about these topics. 11 their working hours 2. theirpay 3 the kind of roles they gat b + Listen to an interview with two extras and make notes under headings 1-3 in 6a. Then workin pairs and compare notes, a [EEBR2 Liston again to Daniel What does he say about these things? 1 wy he became an era what he doce wl e's wating secing hms act setting a sight batt pa becoming an actor himot EGER 5 Listen again to Kate, What does she say about these things? ‘hy she became an extra the pecpowno become extras sat he stars are ike te negate things sbout he fob the poste things abou the job © Work in pairs. Give reasons why you would or wouldn't like to be an extra. If you would, which fims or television series would you most lke to appear in?HELP WITH GRAMMAR Reflexive pronouns 2 Maton examples a-cto uses 4-3 of reflexive pronouns. Dane, wnat makes peepee youre ant tobe an ext b She read the sort to herset «ike theo sel but fathough these are possibie. This use of te rafexve can show tenes, 2 toemohasise anoun, pronoun ‘ornoun phrase {8 to make ft clear thet the obj fatter 2 preposton) refers tothe same personvthing asthe subject ofthe ver b Check in KETIININES p47 a Choose the correct answer. 4 find ttfcut to tu HELP WITH PRONUNCIATION unless | really concentrate! Speech units and tress 2) Sorconte mate 2 EEE « Liston and rote te deren stress patterns in these 2 yan an guy meet tetentos Maton sntonces 1-8 tomeanings a. ts 32 Well//T guess I've always been keen on !! amateur dramitics, eno yours at tre sare time 3 Wall/! [guess 've always been keen on // amateur dram rian someting casa 8 helo mysef frst before as ‘The speakers focusing on reco es a the person (perhaps in contrast to another person} 5 When | speak Engish, thers $b thelengthot time, are times vinen | eof! my © theparticular interest. very ted. IT went on hoa by mysett rmysel, | would have a good time ‘and woulda fee! lonely ‘TIP + We place the main stress on @ key word In each speech uni in ora fr exameve, new information in response ‘emphasise a particular m toa question b Work in pairs. Discuss which sentences in 10a are true for you. Give reasons. 'b Read the questions and answers from Kate's interview. Underiine the ‘words you think are most ikely to be stressed in Kate's replies. 1 INTERVIEWER You do mostly TY work, don't you? KATE Yes // you know i/ lots of soap operas! period dramas 2 thatsort of thing Get ready Eg intenviewen And what kind of people become extas? Get it right! KATE Ohl sre! from young drama stagens £0 solicitors on ther day off bored housewives // whoever. BD Work in pairs, Student A pt08 4 INTERVIEWER Do you evr get the chance to meer the principal actor? Student B prio KATE Well we've actually actively encouraged I! not to interact with them. — 4 INTERVIEWER And do you enjay it? KATE. like the jo itself. © Workin pais. Compare your answers. Can you explain your choices? IEEEE ster and check. Did you have the same answers?Reading and Vocabulary EI How many very successful young people do you know/have you heard of? What have they done? b Read the title and introduction to the article on p51, ‘and look at the photos and captions. What factors do you think make some people very successful at a young age? Work in groups. Read ai extract from an arte caled Young ashivers Group Aor Grewp Bro Group Cpt Group Dp, Make notas on these questions for your person 1 Wen hae take un afer teres? Was tere a reason ot 2. What excoptonal personal quats do you thnk he/she hast ED + Discuss the question in 2 in your groups, > Workin groups of our, wth one stent from sach group, 8,8, Cand D. Tel each ater about the people You read about and discuss your answers othe questions n2 2 Read these sentences. Which of the four people do You think they apply to? Why? 1 Wout ts ocus to my He, probably woud have ajo, 2 lunes tobe cute toute wth aes 2 Semtimes |e! keen impostor. 4 ldo tis even | was bing pid or t's it what tae 8 The work has heed met cope with ry personel probes 6 was suied about al the ust caused, butt was jst ebtoftn Voften eo std tom other pec. Heel have changed my pereonalty because of wat da. Workin pais. Discuss these questions. nen ef ne fu peopl. you tiki the most invessve” 2 Water the ros anc cons of becoming succest ata yeung age? agen The young ones Vocabulary ver + infinitive with toor Verb ing; ver-noun colocatons } HELP WITH VOCABULARY 2 Verb + infinitive with to or verbs+ing (2) Ed 2 Look at these pairs of sentences from the articles and complete the explanations with verb + infinitive with fo oF verb+ing. 18 don't forget to have a good tie too. Niner forget sing them. forget + = looks back to memories of the past forget + fers to now oF the future 2 a Neyrar went on paying for Sanios FC throughout his teens, 1b Moking beats went on to become my ife : goon + = continue an action ; g0.0n + = begina new action £8 a ...itmeans coorcinating realy wel, »b_Ricing was just meant to make physiohierapy fun, ‘mean + Involve/necesstiate ‘mean + intend 4a Honever regretted making that decision, regret to say tat at schoo! l was trouble. regret + sorry for what's already happened regret + (formal = be soey for what yous sboutto say “iP = Varos ofthe senses (se, oto oto) can be folowesoy: a object + vorbving when doserbing arapeatod acton or an sction m progress: He notices me layin object + inte when doscibinga singleton ora © completed acon: sow him go into th ear b Checkin EEEEINIEEE 148 [2 Compste these sontonces about your own achievements and plans. + (n't reat {don't regret changing careers. i's th bes thing ‘ever det "irae frost ‘ter ti cours im going to goon Net year realy maan I must member bb Write ive questions to ask a partner about their achievements and plans. Use verbs from Sa, ‘© Work in pairs. Take turns to interview each other.Neymar da Site Sonos I. \~ %~ > J [HS sorte Fe neat eos 4 ld mode is profesional Jebstat 17 ends tured 20, he cored his 100 {goal os 6 professional football player. Iris Andrews Compoigned forthe cexganisotion Feace One Day while stl ot school she went on to work for the organisation Sophie fulktime, Christiansen. European Poralympies horse-riding champion for dressage athe oge of 18. Bom with corebrol ply, she dd not wale unaided unt sho was nearly four Dizzee Rascal. The fis rapper ond youngest parson to win the Mercury Musi Prize for hie debut album in 2003 while silo teenoger He went on to have his own recording labelListening Vocabulary Verb-noun collocations bint pare i Peat ce be [Gd @ Match the verbs to the noun phrases. Sometimes there is more fer anothar wo years to do he Ave than one poss Check in EEEOEE cn aero an one possible answer. Chock pte + comets what to do a. EEEES Liston to an interview with 2 lookin ferent options Ciaie, Wl and Charl, tree 18-year Fos aeeaes ods who have finshed school or colloge. a Airis Answer these questions, [7 veseah 1 Who has taken ayer of to plan is tee ee eee rere? et 7 woot tr votkeperince iia eon Soren ad setae range of fret obs? 3 Wh changed his/her mind about Workin pairs, Choose four verb-noun collections from 8a and which subjct to do at university? \wrte questions to ask another partner. Ag Ver een ek tte esrtarioee Have you been able to take some time out rom work or studying recenty? Correct the false sentences. © Change pairs. Ask and answer your questions 1 a Glare has really enjoyed all the ctterent jobs she has been doing, b She fools there is so much choice Get ready ... Get it right! _ these days that i's cult to make a It you were the Minister of Education in your country, how ‘would you improve schools? Write six suggestions. Use these ideas or your own, the range of subjects which are offered a decision 2 a Willthinks that his time in the sixth form was quite stressul b Hehas not yet decided whet to do efter his year oft © the curriculum 3. & Charis sit nt sure she nas chosen how subjects are taught the right subject. «whether certain subjects should be compulsory or optional bs 'b_ She fet that English was not the right the system of exams and assessment choice for her to study at univers egret { © Do you think ife for Ciaire, Wil and the standard of teacher training Chari is easier or harder than it was for your parents and grandparents? Is t ‘8 Work in groups. Discuss your ideas. Agree on the best three. more enjoyable? Give . | ; ene ariovebiee Give Yasser | [Teink ie would be great if music were made compulsory. 'b Tell the class your ideas. Which is’ most popular?Writing EI Work in pairs and discuss these questions. 11 Would you be interested in doing a course in the evening you had time? 2 What would you most Ike to learn about? ‘Yu nave soon this notice on a website offering free evening courses. Readtne fetvact trom an application Ignore any mistake fr now. What course does the want todo and what reasons oes she ge? Pitter POR pedec eg 212114 ‘© Apply forthe evening couse of your hole (see fl st for deta) 16 Funding available for Sve applicant ony! © Write and tll us which course you are Interested in and why ou should be the one ‘to get funding Ed 2 Complete these words with ie or oi pis 41 Did you ree__vo.acard from Jim on your birthday? 2 Have you met myn __ ghbour, Else? 3. takes great pet ___n08 to do that kind of work 4 She dosn't have enough exper. _nce fr that ob. 5 The house is surrounded by f__Ids. 8 Youmust be very el __ vad that he is back safely 7. Toach___ve good grades, you'll have to work hard 8 Shes__zed the money and ran. 8 Tks Hal, but he's abit conc __ ted. 10. | wil never forgive har for dec __ ving me, Look at the words in bold in the application. Correct the words which are spelt incorrectly Rewrite these sentences trom the letter with the linking words in brackets. If two answers are possible, write two sentences and add or change ‘any words or verb forms. SIINIEE? p's. 1. started work straightaway. ¢mmociatly) 2 instantly seized the opportunity. ft once) 3. thad nat done anything very usetu previously, (before) “4 | was ralleved to get a new job a fa months ar. (eft) 5 Icke to goon to become a tour ide. (eventually) 6 Recent, [have been working as a guide. te) 7 Up unti then, |nad never worked, prior this) ‘Connecting words time (2) Spelling ieor e \Weting task. formal letter / email applying fora course lucation eee "would very much like to doth because is course because Iam fascinated by the area live in, and would be very intrested in finding our ‘more about it histor. Tf school at 16 with reasonable grades and started work straightaway. [was lucky to find a partie job ina supermarket in our neighbourhood, because up unt thee, ‘Thad never worked. However, working behind til was rather ‘undemanding, so Iwas relelved to get anew job afew months later, giving out tickets at a theme park. Although the work itself ‘as not very challenging, id enjoy the daily contact with ‘ope and decided to look into jobs ina felld that would allow ‘me to continue ths, Revel have en working seeking ide in cal msc, Tet adr dns ening ery Se ey el peal By fered ts job waa actoment. Hoesen te impos my asp fal hy one yar ae ‘instantly seized the opportunity to apply. If I receive this funding. ike ogo ono beeong segue [Ey Decide on a course you would ike to apply for and plan your application, Make notes about these topics. © tna couse © yur reasons for anehing * your backereuns Write your application. Use language from this unit corrgct use of linking words correct speling e ore) Use of language from this unit (¢g.retlexive pronouns; verb patterns; verd-naun colacations) © Discuss any problems. Then try to improve your writin. a 'b Work in pairs. Swap and check your partner's writing for: Read other appletions. Whe should get funding? ortfolio 5, Workbook p66. ® For more Writing practicAOC NTU SC AND SKILLS IE 2 Tick the phrases in bold you know. Check in pia 1 Hee you eer bee stuck na utorina deecend oo? 2 Hove yo eer akan on too much work ae been snowed under” 2 Do you now ayo who ays tals shop? 4 Are you a go00 team player or au you prefer ‘obo eellompoyed 5 Whi sb ean you thnk ofthat ener ay Spittnee ors fortune? 6 Would you reer a high-powered or rot thei o? 7 Hive you ever been thrown in atthe deep end winen you started new pb? 8 Doseu tke deadlines and working agcinet the clock” 9 Are ou up to your eyes in workat he meet or are you taking it easy? 10 How important to mb the career ladder? 'b Work in pairs, Ask and answer the questions In 4a, Ask follow-up questions. BI 2 Look at cartoons A-D and their captions. ‘What social issues are they addressing? Do you have similar ssuBs in your country? Work in groups of three, Discuss these topics, Talk about each topic for one or two minutes and try to come to some conclusions. 1 siti that a company drector earns much moce than a cleaner? How important is work to you? Do you work ole orlve to work? © Is there aloga minimum wage in your county? tyes, do al employers keep tt? {Should employers be forced to make t easier for rata 0 ratun 0 wor? EX EEE 6 Listen to Josh, Tracey and Liz ciscussing Jobs. Match extracts 1-3 to three of the topics in 2b. Which topic do they not discuss? Priorities Vocabulary work expressions Real World. conversational strategies Tm afraid we'll have eo make you all redundant so we ean afford the director's £300,000 bonus! Tess than minimum wage — les than minimum clean Hey everyone, i's official. We work the longest hours in Europe@ EER? Listen again to Exact 1. 1 What do tho tat wo speakers age9 on? 2. What counter argument does Lementon? bb [BEB Uston to Extract 2. which arguments for {nd againet ‘ving to work are not montionod? a egnodincome ——_eloyng your ness @ promotion © dvorce 1 eaty retirement 9 Listen again to Extract 3. Then answer these questions. 1. z. What Ido feel strongly about i that employers ‘make provision for working mothers. (What provisions?) 2 JosHt Well, perhaps they would if t were more accepted. (Who are they’? What would they do) 8 TRacEY The problem is people with no kids. (What problem?) REAL WORLD Conversational strategies 2 Match strategies aj with phrases 1-10, ‘including someone in the corwersation 3 adding something to the argument © stressing an important point 1 encouraging someone to continue €justtying what you say {geting the conversetion back on track ‘9 saying you agree with someone 1h conceding someone is ight 1 dsagresing potely | asking someone to say more about atopic 1. Nottommention 2. That's exactly what | was trying to get at 8. Youleok dubious, (Li). 4 im vith (you) on that 5 AlImsayingis 8 Canyon, (Lz). You were saying? 7 Anyway (assuming you do want promation) 8 By |pcovision) you mean ..? 8 You've got me thera! 10 Oh, | don't know about tha) b Match these examples to conversational strategies a-j. 1. Youre very quiet, Josh). @ 2 That's precisey what | mean 3. What I'm trying to say is 4 What were you about/gcing to say (Tracey)? {5 Wal, I cant cisagree with that 6 7 8 ° To get back to what () was saying about (promotion) ¥d.g0 ong with tet. \What do you mean when you say (provision)? ‘Actually, 'm not sure you can say (that. 10 And of course there's alvays © Check in ERICIOES p148. Worn pis, Change the words in bo in tesa conversations using one phrase from 5. You may need to change ater pars ofthe sentence, 1A Smokingis very exces B Andaleoi's a dsgusing hat otto mention sa aagustig habe Bt thou yout sd you rok ors: yur He Tat’ tre. acm it ers shoud ty an eave an inbertance tote Wes. Ielsagre! hat aout enon yourmeny reuse n sour ol age! Beceas nite ow tends round or asleep tonight ‘fou end? Two or 207 [inks pre minster orelgn poy is misguided. | agree. And his plans for edueaton ae misau, oo ‘Yes wel, ut to go back oi orn poy, ks cargoes Ifo ewan fire and many buying COs ese days Wel. Ihirwits esr and cheaper o dounaa em, A That's what | meant pore Workin groups of three. Look at Audio Script BP 6 169, Choose one of the extracts and add at least eight more lines to end the conversation, 'b Practise the ines you added. Then act them out to the class. The class decides which extract the lines complete © The class votes for the best ending for each extract. Workin groups. Choose a current news issue, Discuss i using the strategies in 5, continue2iearn Vocabulary, Grammar and Real World = Extra Practice and Progress Portfolio 5 pii8 Video (it's just a job!) p128 Language Summary 5 pi46 Workbook 5 p24 Self-study DVD-ROM 5 with Review Video ® Reading and Writing = Portfolio § An article Workbook p68 Writing personalising languageReading and Vocabulary EI. Workin pairs. Discuss the questions 1 How do you fel wen pec social res tnot wai breaking the speed int 2. Canvweinfence te wav tings st by tng afer 8 Are you good ttn jokes? Can you Giro on exorpie ota one youl? Ed 2 Workin pars. 00 you agree with these statements? Why2/Why not? 1 Teenager ae most tly to push n tDgstaheed of hes ina cueve 2: Mala ceiver are more lly or Speed init than alo vers. K 3. Hyou think about old age car make you feel and act of 4 Thinking postively helps vou perform better in tasks. 5 Jokes about animals are funni ner ype of jk 6 When you srl, t mak (even ityou don't eel ke you happier b Read extracts A-C. What do the extracts say about the statements in2ar ‘© Work in small groups. Discuss these questions. 11 Which of the pieoes of researen cs you find the most interesting? Wr 2. Describe a typical queue where you lve, Do you think the way people queve says anything about a culture? 3 Doyouagree that most people are totally unaware’ of why they act the vray they do? 4 What kins ofthing do pepe joke aboutin your country? Do you think people from ather countries would find these jokes funny? A curious science Vocabulary words with diferent but related meanings Grammar formal and informal way of comparing JOHN TRINKHAUS, of the Zick chool of Business, studies veryday lives, One of his roup of people has come to to push boundaries. T jal behaviour. In his decidedly mare likely th disaffected teenagers or noisy football supporters. They are women Dest illustrated by his extensive verlly monitoring a supermal ‘kout, over a period of nine us may have seen for ourselves, Trinkhaus has found that some shoppers using this Jane often had somewhat me: than they should in their basket: some cunning! each group separately. He ten items or less'* supermarket lane cheats were female van drivers, Furthermore, he has shown that a good deal more women than men van drivers bbreak the speed limit, which he suspects is because they may have ut-de behaviour associated with men, drivers may simply reflect a society its incomect grammar shout, sminany sen in supe, despite‘Two recent atudios have suggested that mest people are totally unaware of their reasons for behaving in the way they do. In 1998, two Dutch psychologists asked half group of volunteers to cary ‘outa simple mental exercise that involved imagining the mindset ofa ‘ypieal university professor. The other half imagined a football hooligan. ‘Then, they all had to anawer same general knowiedge questions. The people in the profestor group got 14% more answers correct, despite the fact that there was barely any diffrence in their actual level cf intaligas Focusing on the body rather than the mind, researchers at New York University asked one group of volunteers to do a mental task involving words relating to old age, such a ‘wrinkled’ and ‘grey’. A second group were shown words unrelated to old age. The researchers then said the experiment was over and s ‘otded the tme each participant took to walk down the ong hallvay to the ext. Those with ald age on thei mind took significantly longer to walk down the cori. ‘So, itsaems that i people were te have marginally more time to prime themselves about what they have to do, it could help them perform ether batter (or worsel than normal at both mental and physical tasks t Recent, the British Association fo the Advancement of Seience went in search ofthe worlds funniest joke. The ‘experiment involved people from ll ‘over the world posting thelr jokes on toa website and rating the submissions of others Among the jokes entered was the following: “There were two cows field. One said "Moo," The other one said “T was going to say that.” The joke was then entered into the archive several mes, using diferent animals and nlses. Two tigers said Grr two dogs said “Woo!” and soon 2 would imagine that one animal and noise would be much the same as fnather. However the ake rated the funnlest ws: “Two ducks were sitting in 4 pond. One ofthe ducks said "Quack The other duck id, "Iwas going to say that his esearch supported the widely hel theory that some words and sounds are distinctly funnier than others The ki sound as heard in ‘quack’ and “duck has always been regarded in the comedy world as expecially funny. Why? Temay be down ta rather od faci Phenomenon known a Tail feedback ‘when people fel happy they smile bout some evidence suggests that the mechanism also works in reverse. The i sound often forces te face to smile, ‘which may explain wy the ound is ociated with happiness, HELP WITH GRAMMAR Formal and informal ways of comparing {Look at the words/phrases in bold in extracts A-C. Which indicate a big difference, and which indicate a small difference? Look at the informal words/phrases in bold in statements 1-4. Which Indicate a big ditference? Which Indicate a small difference? irc behaviours way more 2 Yousgein loads more time by using tha 28 think the duck jo 4 Women van divers aro rc tiny bit more compat PS + Some informal prvases with rot as... a8 can show big aera (Cheating in a supermarket is’ hai rearlylanywhere near as anti-social as Ching t09 fast. Speeding is much worse. an shou very sal clerences One group's level of nteligence was pretty much/more or less/nuch the Same as the other's. There was hardy ‘any aiference, © Check in EIS piso.TD « Complete these sentences with your own ideas. 1 Lewin anquage ie margnaly more chalenong han ‘02 good a fasten i gncanty les ste han "decided more sis than sre somenhat es dangerous than ' date es heaty tan 7 barely any more expensve an b Work in pairs. Compare sentences. Do you agree with each other? EF Meke comparisons with the fcjectves in rackets and te informa phrases in the box. way loads miles atiny bit haf nearly anywhere near pretty much more or ass much the same 1 teenagers / elderly people / (sesh) Teenagers are way more selfish than elderly people. 2. eating at home / eating in a restaurant (un) 8 going to work / going to schoo trina) 4 being married / being single (good for your health) 5 having a bath / having a shower (claxing) b Work in groups. Say your sentences. Do you agree? Why2/Why not? Listening and Vocabulary ‘You will listen to some friends telling stories about bizarre behaviour. Before you listen, try to match these words/ phrases to story tiles A-E. pockets patrols thecarrages | line them up dayin, dey out | ‘make holes _ the height of fashion hopping out ofthe top of her sweater look out chicken wire A Two rabbits 8 The perfect seat © Stufed toys D Pebbles E Oca socks EX 2 EEE 1: Listen tothe stories and check yourideasin 6 Listen again. Complete these summaries with one or two words. 1 & Fonds often hat lok or Mata’ rabbi ina Marina used chicken wie to prcact her 2. Nala tad about the man who aways ges on athe ofthe train, b Healways waks and + looking forthe best seat 2 a Thecouie onthe tain used to line up thor tuted toys at The other passengers alvays them. 4a Keith ite ot pebbles and keeps them in her 'b_ He thinks she and her rien tke to their pebbles ‘© Which of this behaviour did you find the most bizarre? HELP WITH PRONUNCIATION ‘Showing surprise © Exclamations offen have arie-aling tone to express surprise or show interest EB 2 EEF 22 Listen and notice how the friends use exclamations to show sure, Ob, OK... How very strange ‘That is very, very bizarre i... cash © Look at Audo Sept ETD 11 on pt69 and nd more exclamation © Work in pairs. Student A, look at picture A and retell the story. ‘Student B, respond with the exclamations in Ba and. 2 d Look at picture 8. Swap roles and repeat Se,HELP WITH VOCABULARY Words with different but related meanings ‘TIP + Sometimes one ward can have completely diferent meanings: | commute on the train to work every day. She wants fo train to be a psychologist + Sometimes one word can have different meanings but the meanings are related The weather's fine today. I'm feaing fine now. Look at the words in bold in 1-6. Match them to definitions a-f. odd socks ‘strange or unexpected It was odd thet he did't phone. not matching His daughter is really sweet. © sugary Dark chocolate isn't sweet enough forme. d charming attract a 1 2 3 4 5 the top of her sweater the highest part 6 top of the class {the most successtul b Match these general meanings to the pairs of words in 9a, ‘© the highest point or part in distance or quality ‘© unusual or peculiar © pleasant © Look at these phrases. All the words in bold are related in meaning, ‘What do you think is the general meaning of each group? a branch of a tree; a branch of a bank; a branch of science fee! flat; a flat plece of land; this lemonade is flat have a break for coffee: break a window; break the law plain paper; plain food: a plain face heavy trafic; ahheavy coat; a heavy sleeper Check in. p49, 2 Flin the gaps with words from 9a or 8c. 1 Wehad snow here at the weekend. 2 Wind shoes much more comfortable than heels. 8 Td prefer a carpet toa patterned one, 4. Where are you going for your summer 2 5 She has been made ‘manager of a big insurance company. 6 Thekitten was so that ‘we had to buy it b Work in pairs. Think of five more sentences using words from 9a and 9e. Get ready Get it right! Make notes on the unusual habits of four people you know. Use these ideas or your own © fed 9 rouren © superstiions © oting pots traveling a Work in groups. Discuss the people you chose in 11. ‘Ask follow-up questions. My dad always wears a red tie for good luck. bb Tellthe class about the Unusual behaviour your group discussed.Reading and Speaking ED @ Look a the ptos on pet, wnat do you think was being acverigeg? How succesful do you think the campigns were? bb Read the article, What is ‘stestth’ and “puzz' marketing? © Work in pairs. Discuss these questions. 11 Wy arent people as easily persuaded by adverts a8 they used to be? 2° Why may itnot be worth spending too much on television commercials? 8 How are current advertising campaigns diferent ‘rom previous ones? 4 Inwhat stuations can indrect advertising be ‘eleratea? 5 Inwhat situations can indrect advertising have ‘the opposite effect of wnat was intended? 6 inwhat ways has Nike succeeded in gaining ‘900d publicity fo itso? 7 Whats the write’ opinion of Nik's marketing choices? {8 Why does the writer beleve that advertising ‘may not be all that important? EI Find words in paragraphs A-G in the article to match these definitions {8-1 strong fosing oft orcsmust 2 blixng tat people ae not sincere 8 thelongcolaconc rings oe @ prod © 1 pow 2 aw oc rasa © 1 too oticeabi, in away that maybe annoying 2 annoys somebody badly F 1 nas 0 repect or someone or something 2 Influence somebody without them nseng @ nate to mako poopie fl that someting $0908 tong about tin the mace Ey Work in groups. Discuss these questions 1 0 you think people are manipulated by the mada? Why?/Wry not? 2 Ace ‘steat and ‘buzz marketing commen your country? Gio examples if possible. But is it ethical? Vocabulary word pars Grammar positon of adverbiais HELP WITH GRAMMAR Position of adverbials ‘Look at the adverbials in blue in the article, Match them to these categories. 1 place (where) 2 time (when) 3. manner (how) Indefinite frequency how often, aporoximatly) level of certamty (how certain) ‘comment (ine writer's opinion) Read the article. Why is Bastoey a very different route to rehabilitation? Read the article again. What doas the article say about these things? whara Bastooy prison is stuatad and what the landscape is tke the leisure opportunities there the kind of jobs done by prisoners prisoners" coommodstion visits to and from the prison the cost of managing the prison Look at the words/phrases in bold in the article, Match pairs of near synonyms. prison, ji! Work in pairs. Do you agree with these quotes from the article? Why?/ Why not? 1 ‘The biggest mistake that our societies have made fs to bollve that you must punish herd to change prisoners The big closed prisons are criminal you treat peosle badly, they wi behave badly, Inivduals wil stop thet criminal bbehaviourif they develop a sense of responsibilty, as wal as empathy. Ecology sa great tol bacausa it showe that what we do has an impact on the future. Criminals offen do not tink before acting. Getting away with it Vocabulary ptrases with get Grammar condtionals, Choose the correct phrases. W's ciict for prisoners to get their own back on/get back to the ita thay hhad before they went to jal 2 W's unikely that victie wil want to get th to anoffender i's much more afcut to get away with/get away fom burglary these days. 4 shard for ex-offenders to get away with/get away from ther criminal acord whan looking for work, ‘5 Powertu people are often abe to get round to/get round the legal system, 6 Ittakes governments many years to get round folget round changing the legal system, 7 Itcan be more dificult for close relatives to get through fo/get through a prison sertence than forthe criminals themselves. {8 Education about the consequences of crime is essential, butt can be a iffcut message to get through fo/get through some young peopl. ‘8 Women are mare lly to et into/get out ofa prison sentence if thay have children. 10 Young men are more ikly to get into/get out of ermine acti if they don't have a secure family ie, ‘own back oniget back Match these defnitions wth get phrases in 2a. Check in 62, ‘8 do wrong an not be punish 1 find away of dealing with ‘get away with a problem bb leave behind 19 take revenge on © become involved in sth nh caturn to avoid doing somathing youshoukd 1 finish something © co something that you hav i communicate successfuly intended todo for along time ‘© Work in pairs. Do you agree with the statements in 2a? Give reasons for your answers.Shorts, the 38-year-old Norwegian is sunbathing. Around him i lsh woodland, sparkling water of the Oslo fo e This pace i unbelieva Ramatad, who is sarving ase on fwe sentence for drug smuggling. “At the and give them challe prison [was at before this one, w= ware joked up in our cele 23 hours a day wil stop tai criminal ‘On the one-square-mil island the develop a sense crespor nprove ther tenis, ride ahorse inthe >the - Asthe island isafarm, there are cate to not hinleba tend a ave access to fools auch as axes, knives: they cut trees and restore the wooden houses dotted aroune , pod training one pr ot ang digging 03 ‘Aferwarda, residents rotest 0 relatives for lec indviduale on the basa of whether they ‘heirives around teal people badly, they ly Anyone can bea says will behave bi ey s phils hy The way to achieve be fora horse or a com het the inhabitant mast work mpacton the future, Criminals organic cropato grow Prisoners | Thostaif 2B. ehaviour and free them 'o at they have dane his easier aeeting where they have Teaption so tere are lover employes, vihich makes the prison cheaper ton ‘open prisons sits emphasis on ecology atatocl ation, ana ‘campaigners vould welcome mot ks orative Norwegian model reformers io io works arequuement offender fs re redone small-scale and from which family co athe del, thug B fede a farm in the mi workin aig etyListening and Speaking Check the meaning of these 2 words/phrases. ‘orensioscentst a race of eaiva) DNA” sweat afore a tigment b Work in pairs. Discuss these questions. Use words/phrases from a, 1 Wht methods aro used to catch enminale? 2 How do timnas ttan ge thersabes avay? 18 Listen to the frst part of an interview with a journalist. 1 Wat efmes does she tak about? 2 What usualy leads to the crminals being arestos? 4. Listen again. Fill each gap with one word, 1 When breaking ito anause, yt to break ary lorscaten ry? 2 Wear and toad leaving pins, but make ure theyre nat made ae ators 3-H posable, wear clothes mace out of 4 ts best to leave the house ® 5 Don't be tempted 10° (gees immediatly thestoen 1 « Check the meaning of these words, What type of crime do you think Zo8 is going to tak about? anil amiggot ty awisaoen adisingushing mark poison aniocle pide of water b> EEE 10 Listen tothe second part ofthe interview: Were you corect? € Listen tothe second part again and answer these questions. 1 What personaly rats do many kites hava in carmen? 2 Wity can the age of maggot be usetl to forensic sciotts? {How oan fies be useful ausence for forensic soortsts? 46 What do you hve to you keep your ood 5. Whats the clsacvantage of using poison? {6 Wht vould he perfect weapon be, aocording 1008? Why? 4d Can you think of any recent murder cases in which forensic evidence played a part in convicting the kiler? HELP WITH GRAMMAR Conditionals © We can use a varity of vr forms in coetional sentences, rot onl those use inthe four basic” conctonas. Match conditional sentences 1-4 to meanings a-d. an imagnsry ast event general irth an imaginary present tute event possible future event |faperson dosse't want to leave forensic evidence, they should {ust side through a window: (vation on 2ere conctional 2 Ifyou going to commit a burglary, you" have to be careful what you wear. (ration on frst conctona) 8. Iflwere committing a burglary, Id be better off wearing gloves. (varlion on secand eandiona) 44 One burglar would have got away with it completly i he hadn't boon sweating. Variation en th! condtiona) bb Look again atthe sentences in Sa, What verb forms are being used in each of these sentences? ‘uixeD conoTONALS. TIP + In'mxed conciional, the main clause and the clause sometimes refer to a iferant tena period. The mest common combinations are second and hs condtionas, © Compare these pairs of sentences. I each sentence referring toa real or imaginary stuation? Ifthe Kicmapper had kee that envelope, he woud bein the Knapper had oked that envelope he wouldn't have gene prison 1 hey were such good actors, moat af them woul probably have been found out much earl. bf thay had ben ouch good actors, most of her wus probably have been found out much ea Look atthe pairs of sentences in Se again and answer these questions. 1. Ie.achcluse refering to pat cr present tne? 2 Which sentences ae ixoc' conditional? Why ere thoy called ime sonaionas? 3. Whats the citlerence in meaning batwaen the ‘bese ane iat concitona sentences in each pai? © Check in EEIIGIERP p52HELP WITH PRONUNCIATION Leaving out /t/ 2 20 Listen to hese sentences. When does the opeaker leave out the /t/ sound at the end of words? 1 before vonel sounds before consonant sounds 1 Atone time, i gomeone committed a crime, you did't have as much togocn. 2 So,‘ the Kanapper naan’ eked the envelope, .. ne would Le prison now. {8 Ifa.parson dossn't went to leave forensic evidence, they should ust side through a window. 4 One burglar would've got away with it com ‘sweating at the te. 5 Soifthey weren't such good actors, most of hem would probably have been found aut much earl b What happens before a word beginning with /t/? © Listen again and practise saying the sentences. ty, the hadn't been TIP + itis not necessary to leave /t/ out to be understood, but an ‘awareness of tis feature can help you to understand connected speed! ‘and fo speak more fuerty Think of possible answers to these questions using different types of conditional sentences. na inthe 1 Wasi post Yes. Ifyou had committed a crime in the past, t would have been more dffcult to find evidence, soit would have been ‘easier to get away with it 2 Wasn't there a case volving a kiénappee Who was caught 20 years later because ofan envelope? 3 tyou'e a burglar, what’ the best way to avoid being caught? 4. Isita good idea to wear gloves and 5 What's the best way to leave a house youve burgled? asi to commit act b Work in pairs. Role play an interview between a TV presenter and a science journalist. Use the questions from 7a ‘and add details where possible. © Change roles and do the interview again. Whose answers were more ‘convincing? [El Work in pairs. Discuss these questions. 41 Think of an important decision you made recently. Would your life be better or worse ‘ow ifyou hadn't made that decision? 2. you could choose, wht special talent would you ike to have been bom wth? 3. you hadn't met avery important person nyourite(e9. your husband, business partner or bes friend), what do you think ‘youre would be tke row? 4 you nad chosen a diferent carear or study option, what do you think you would be doing naw instead? Get ready ... Get it right! EI Workin pairs. What are the advantages and disadvantages of open and closed prisons? Use these ideas or your wm ‘pen pss into educate peop ott offend but tey can be acu fre expensive oun. vison areaten popular wih the gonoralpuble because t's ft that hou be sever punishes ‘out thy dent ne 6 change prsones'benavou Work in groups. Group A p107. Group B 108Vocabulary phrasal nouns Every step you take ‘Grammar impersonal report stretures QUICK REVIEW Mixed conditionals Complete these conditional sentences about your life: ifthadn't ..., Pd now... ; If! were better at ‘I might have ... . Work in pairs and take turns to say your sentences. Ask follow-up questions, Reading and Speaking EE 2 Look atthe pictures. in which places do organisations ‘often watch or track people's movements? Why? bb Read the article and check your ideas from 1a, © Tick the true sentences. Correct the false ones. 1 Identity arcs are universally disiked on the grounds that they mit people's traedom. 2 Only the sence provdecknows which websites people vst 3 tis tkely that RFID tags wil soon be on almost ll our sucermarket shopping. 4 RAID tags can only be used on objects entity (ID) cards are already widely used in many parts 5 you value your privacy, It ls better to pay cash when ofthe word these often contain information on your traveling on buses or tins ace, religion and medical history as well as some form of biometric data such as a fngerrit or an image of your iis. Opinion appears tobe divided as to whether this is ‘unacceptable intrusion by the state into the privacy of the indvual or simpy a useful way to centralise your 8. Incertan counties, mobile phones outnumber people, 77 Any organisation is alowed 1 listen to your motile phone ‘comersations at any time, 8 Riskoown hat CCTV cameras have been used to check Fe Strain ceks rouse, acne tpon employees 2rd tang testo) everyaere yo choose the corectcalocations from he article There have ben warns tat he newesthighcefnton Ident cr/recors (COTY cameras can spot ace hal amie away. and in many cty centres you're likely to be spotted atleast 300, 1 2 a es ee ‘times a day. Cameras are known to operate in more and 3. service data/provider ‘more buildings, and there's little control over who sees the 4 CoTVeranseicenea Peotag Wriers tail Boson ne US tock aa 8 ancalprortocords een cayenne pease ea Obserngter fom ane fie ctrs nd sco [ee aetireleo hans cones wo 2 eden poverty 1 buying cetera Sie ee ry he uy retin st eveyticefort yu pole tele te your uyratbts Workin pa. Take tur to expla how the tama ee in 2a are connected to an individual's privacy. 2 profile of your Internet activities, not just your service poe: ID cards might contain private information about an individual's medical history RFID tags (Radio Frequency identification tags tiny Faciotrensmiting microchips ~are getting smaller and ‘cheaper It seems tat they wil soon become the norm Fe cee ees (n food packaging and clothes; ths wil alow reales rot 1 Have you experianced any of th ‘tracking’ mentioned in ‘only to Heep track of what has been stolen, but when stack the article? Isrunning low, However, as well as being used in shops 2 Doyou eal thet a government is usted in wacking pecple, and on everyday objects such as credit cards, tickets and orisitan ‘unacceptable intrusion? Wry ?/Why nt? keys, RID tags are now also being offered as implants For example, a tag canbe implanted in club members’ arms, acting as 2 security pass and allowing cashless bar payments. There also appear to be many hospitals using ‘them as minuscule identity cards for patients. '3- How much has the situation changed in your county since this artiste was written?Buying pre-paid ‘smart’ travel cards which contain a microchip means that you canbe tracked across a city when you use public transport, And in some big ates such as London theres @ charge for trafc entering the city centre during busy eriods. This tax soften enforced with the aid of a network of cameras, which records the number plates of everyone entering 2 congestion zone.” Inutting a personal identification number (PIN) into a ceashpoint may be the easiest way of getting your hands ‘on your hard-earned cash, but while you are waiting for your money to appear, your identity (and all the information about you on record is closely scrutinised. Your withdrawal also recorded ane fied. eis claimed that even your financial record can be accessed if theres a justifiable cause. ‘There are nw estimated to be more mobile phones: than people in many countries. As soon as you activate your signal by mobile phone use, any organisation ‘withthe aporooriate technology ~ for instance, a car breakdown service ~ can accurately locate you within seconds. With the co-operation of the phone company, itis possible to listenin on people's conversation. In addition, each mobile has an international identification umber, transmitted whenever the phone i on. seston zore = an area wih alt ofwatfc, nich motorists eftan havo fo pay atx al certs tenes HELP WITH GRAMMAR Impersonal report structures «© Wo use impecsonal report structures when we want to distance ‘ourselves rom information whichis not necessarly our opinion ‘They are commonly foundin reports and newspaper articles, REPORTING WITH THE PASSIVE ‘a Look at these sentences. Then complete the rules with that, or infinitive with to. ‘© tis claimed that even your financial records can be accessed, ‘© Cameras are known to operate in more and more buildings. © There are now estimated to be more mobile phones than ‘people in many counties. ‘To make impersonal report structures © it + passive + use © subject 9, cameras) + passive + © there + passive + TIPS « We can use a variety ofinfritve forms with impersonal report structures: She le known to have spent fve years nid He i¢ rumoured to be resigning next month ‘We often use these verbs to report with the passive: estimate, believe, think fear, expect, report, understan, m, algo, REPORTING WITH SEEM AND APPEAR b Look at these sentences. Are the verbs seem and appear used in the passive? 1 It gems that they wil soon become the norm. 2 Opinion appears to be divided, 3 There also appear to be many hospitals using them: (Check in pis, ‘a. Use the correct form of the verbs in brackets to make two sentences. Use these passive report structures: it + passive + that clause; subject + passive + infinitive with to 1 House prices have fallen by 886 report) Itis reported that house prices have fallen by 8%, House prices are reported to have fallen by 8%. 2. The rabels have withdrawn. (know) 3 London is one of tha most expensive ces n the word to ve in. (say 4 The senior manager has resigned, (rumour '5- More than 3,000 people have lst ther Ines in a devastating cxrthquske, (fr) 6 The airport strike is affecting thousands of hoa fights (eelleve) b Think of two recent issues which have affected your Country. Write about each story using some of the structures in4a, Itis feared thet eight people have died in an explosion in ‘© Work in groups. Share your ideas.Tax exemptions to discourage marriage break-ups ee =a PUBLIC OUTCRY OVER “== FURTHER SMOKING BANS Setbacks in plans to charge households for rubbish childhood common, warn doctors tening and Vocabulary Ey 2 Look at he newspaper headlines. Check the meaning of any new words, Have any ofthese topics been an issue in your country? bb EEER 2: Liston to Stefano from lay, Hitrud from Germany and Justyna from Poland giving thei opinions about how much the state shoud intervene in people's lives. n which aroas do the speakors feel that state intervention ivan’ usted? Why? ‘© Work in pairs, Answer these questions. this. (What does ha roan by "his"? 2 STEFANO That would defnitly be too drastic (What does he een by “nt 8 HILTRUD is fairer, (Whats fer and why?) ACJUSTYNA 1 chink this a state intervention gone at does she meen by "his? too far. (V Listen again to check Workin pair. Discuss whether the government should get ivolved n matters such as these 1 smoking in pub places 2 envronmentaliseves 3. ratonsips and marrage 4 the food peop eat HELP WITH VOCABULARY Phrasal nouns © Phrasal nouns are compound nouns formed fram verbs ‘nd a parle (a prepostion or adver) Look at the phrasal nouns in red in headlines A-D. What verbs and particles are they made up of? ¢ TIP + When phrasal nouns begin with a particle, they have no hyphen (outlook, downpour, inout. When phrasal nouns begin wit a ver, they may or may not have a hyphen 2 (kickoff, breakdown, get-together, + Not all phrasal verbs can be made into phrasal nouns: They pulled down two houses. not There was a peiéown oftwo houses. + Some phrasal nouns are made up ofthe same words 29s phrasal verbs, but have diferent meanings: The intake (= enrolment} on that course was over 100. He spoke so {fast couldn't take itn (= understand and remember). b Look again at the phrasal nouns in headlines A-D. Which phrasal nouns reverse the order ofthe verb and the particle? 22 Which ones can't be made into a phrasal verb withthe same meaning? 3. Which phrasal nouns are countable? © Checkin EEEEGEEE ps2 ‘Match the phrasal nouns in bold to these phrases. heavy rain begining ofthe fotball match controuion urbe of pecpe who ae cepted forecast : informal gathering | delay caused by aprobiem | 1 Klckcot at Wembley wilbe at pm There as been a setback in pans to ban unk food from schools The outlook forthe weekend s for yet mere ran ‘Yur input to hat meeting was mush appreciated ‘We sheltered under trees during tha downpours. My parents are having a gettogether with fiends “The university has estrcted its intake to those with geod graces, Get ready ... Get it right! Work in groups. Group A pi07. Group 8 p108,‘a Work in groups. Which of these things are you allowed or not allowed to do while diving in your country? 1 chive without wearing & seatbett 2 usea mobile phone eat or drink b Read this extract from a student's draft essay. Ignore any mistakes for now. Does the writer agree or disagree with each rule in ta? ‘Due to an excessive concer for health and safety there ae more and more rules and regulations fr driver” these are supposed to male ‘ur roads safer for everyone. Ths esay wil discus he following thre factors seaels, mobile phones and eating or deisking while Ariving, Some curent laws make periet sense, sich as wearing & seatbelt. Children, in pacicular, ae nt safe they are eating a seatbelt, ‘The second issue to be considered isthe illegal use of mobile phones* thats, the use of phones to make call of to send texts. As soon asa driver takes ther eyes ofthe road, they are puting Lives in anges, so it seems that texting is unsafe. Iris claimed that the same danger applies to talking onthe phone" howeve,? the speaker’ attention remuns focused onthe oad they should still be able to drive perfectly safely. Nevertheless, the car must be parked in order to have & mobile phone conversation legally" itis breaking the law. Fall its illegal to eat or eink while diving * you put lives in danger. In other words, the cars stationary. a divers fe to eat, ink and make phone call but you need to actualy drive somewhere? That ma be ite mor dia Choose the correct connecting words, [IIITIEIE p15. Uniass/n case excprisoners are gan help, thoy ae ikaly to roofed ‘We must act non, uniess/therwse the prison population wil double xcprlsoners should be helped financial, as fong as/uniess tere is ‘enough money, 4 Prisoners can becoma responsibe cizens, atherwse/proviaing we allow them to. ‘5 Imagine/Whether the governor is ight or wrong, there are many who disagree. 18 Supposing/Othenwise the prisoners erent wel encugh to work, what happens then? 'b Flin gaps 1-6 in the student's extract with connecting words from 2a, Sometimes more than one answer is possible. ‘Connecting words conditon Punctuation coloas and semi-colons Writing task an essay giving opinions onan issue 4 Replace one comma in each ofthese sentences with a colon (:) or a semi-colon ('). CIEE pss. 1 There ee tre sxctone the itodvton, thera argmert an the concion, 2. Then atc ior lb pared ey ret Year the cert ans aero longer sult. 2 Learing the nol any, Rakes me enc jet ce of coreetation 4 The condone ne paper ae corps, {ithe osoah needs tobe done. 5: tart operon, ming profited or ‘3 houe, however Pat pero, You can resume snip ashore Replace the astaiaks (inthe essay with a. colon or a semi-colon. Explain why each one s needed Ed take notes on your opinions regarding these topes or your own dea, + pisons—— emokng Seen 1b Work in pairs. Discuss your ideas. rte an essay, expressing and supporting your opinions onthe ise you chose 1 Dace iat apes of ese focus on, 2 Mae noes on lw egerng each eepect td you open on enone 3. Orgrioo your rsa sore paroracta {e-one paregrap foreach aspet “The about now eres yore ung ‘connecting wéeds of condition Inprsora poring sete fo the unt corec punctatn (ag commas, coors and semclon) [Gi 4 Workin groups. Read each other's fssays is the wer’ point of view lea? bb Discuss the issues in each essay. Do you ‘agree or disagree with the opinions raised? ‘© Make suggestions for any improvements, Improve your essay. 1 Decide on any changes tothe content 2. Check your use olanguaoe from the unit ‘8 Proottead your essay (ag. check commas anc speting) 4 Whoa nal cat. ® For more Writing practice: Portfolio 7, Workbook p72.STN TWN 7C AND SKILLS El 8 Look at nese pairs of sentences. Which words/phrases in bold have aiteal moaning (L)? Which have a non-literal meaning (NL)? What are the non-Iteral meanings? Check in EEF 82 1 a gtledne mec fr fe rine. L ®Thepoce grid him or nous ebout what ot done that nh. NL questioned 2 We gota warm otcome fom my cousin The piza wasn't warm enough 20 I put tn tho microwave. 2 & The foracast warns a severe storm isons way. The poloe stormed tne busing tre teccued ta hostage. 4. a Themakolis flooded with chan plac goods. © tft ary mere the cad wil soon be flooded, 5 a twas such a bright day, | naeded my sunglass. bb He's a really bright lad I can't belive he'd turn tocime, © a Iheveto getup at dawn to dive to work bt suddenly dawned on the inspactor who the ‘riminal might be 7 When | saw the burglar, | froze and couldn't [twas 0 cold thatthe ike froze. My parents flew to Braz last weok. ‘The crime novel was so excting, the time flew. Vieky is & 9000 choice forthe job because she doesn't eraek under pressure 'b_ | suddenly noticed the large erack inthe celing. b Write five sentences about yourself, Use metaphors from ta, ‘© Work in pairs. Take tums to say your ‘sentences. Ask follow-up questions. 2 Look at the photo on p75, What do you think is happening? tb [BEER 22 Listen toan extract roma TV programme, 1 Wy Mike a susect? 2 What rie ihe aloge ohne commited? Not guilty! Vocabulary metaphors Real World functions and intonation of questions Listen again. Fil in the gaps with one or two words. 1. Ermais Mike's 2 The police think Mika is using Emma as an 8 George usualy oes out a about past (on Friday evenings. George had hidden George works as a (George hid the maney under the Mike lft Emma's house to get a He wes seen by his ‘at about 820, ‘Mike told the police ne watched a ont. 10 Mike hasnt got mach money because he's b Do you think Mike is guity? Why?/Why not? pounds inthe fat What do these phrases from the story mean? 1 Italletrikes me as very ca 2 we're not joined atthe hip 3 we weren't born yesterday 4 Host track of what was happening {5 must hava hit you hard, losing your ob REAL WORLD Functions and intonation of questions 8 EGER 20 Listen to questions 1-5. Which are asking for new information? Which are checking information? 1. Whit does? 2 srt this about the time Géorge usualy goes Gut? 3 Hw muse? 0, ou went out on your Gun, dd you? How céme? Listen again and choose the correct answers. We use a rising faling tone to find out new information. We often use a risingaling tone when checking information, We often use a risingaling tone in question tags when we expect the Istener to confrm that we ae right. 26 Listen to questions 4 and match them to jnetions a Could we just go over this one more time? How should | know? / So what? Inns that a coIncidence? He never siays in on a Fray evening, does he? ‘ling instructions a rhetorical question (expecting agreement) ‘aggressivedefensive responce to a question ‘making a sarcastic comment Check in piss.[BEE 2> Liston to those {uestions. Which one is requesting new information? 1A {havent got any money on me B lent neta surprioe!? ‘So we're meeting at nine, are 8 Yes. Sorry, I've forgotten already. Where are we meeting? Could you put everything in the dishwasher, please? B_ Why should | always do it? Thank goodness i's arrved at last! What has? neard from Tart lastnight. (Oh, 60 she finally decided! to phone, did she? petave 200 people are coming to the wedding, Are you sure? I need some money B_ Ohyoudo, do you? ‘@ Look at Audio Script EEE 25 172, Listen again and notice the intonation. b Work in pairs. Listen again land practise saying the exchanges. Work in pairs. Student A, follow these instructions. Student B p13. 11 Student A: You area police ofl. You are going to interview Emme to 92e f her story contradicts Mike's. Think of questions using a variety of question types, including question tags. Find ‘out the foloning information Had Emma been expecting Mike to go round that evening? Did his behaviour soem normal? ‘© Why didnt she go out wth him to have a pizza’ How long did he take to get back with his pizza? What did they do when he got back? ‘When did he leave to go home? ‘Where did he get his phone from? 2. Work with your partner. Ask Emma the questions above end any of your ow, Make notes, Does anything Emma says contradict Mike's story? ‘3. Work in groups of four. Have you changed your mind about whether Mika is guilty or not? Discuss the evidence. Pefolaitaerii-laal lm Vocabulary, Grammar and Real World = Extra Practice and Progress Portfolio 7 p120 1e0 (Laying down the law) 130 Language Summary 7 p152, Workbook 7 p34 Self-study DVD-ROM 7 with Review Video ® Reading and Writing s Portfolio 7 A review Workbook p72 Reading A book review Writing cohesive devicesFinding time Vocabulary Phrases with time El 2. What would you lke to do if you had more time? bb Tick the sentences that are tre for you. Change the others so that they are tre for you. Check the pases in bold in EEESIGGESP 56. 1) have time to kil tan aipport, | usualy read a book 2 Ike to get to cass in plenty of time. 3 | always take my time when | do homework 44 | usualy have very lite time to spare inthe morning 5 For the time being, happy doing wht m doing 6 It only a matter of time belore | change my eo/cours. 7 baleve inthe saying there's no time lke the present” 8 "Ive got no time for people iho don't care about ciate change, 9 I'S citfcut to make time for imeortant things ike environmental Issues 10_| glve people a hard time when they dont recycle things. ‘© Work in pairs. Compare your sentences and discuss any differences. Reading and Speaking EB Work in pairs and discuss the questions. 1 Read about the people in the photos. What else do you know about them? 2 Doyou think tis necessary o be ‘grat’ In ocr to ‘make a ciflerence' to the wor? 2. sit possioe for an individual to make a difference? Vocabulary phrases with time Grammar past verb forms with present or future meaning Read an interview with Ecdy Canfor Dumas, an author, TV scriptwriter and environmental activist. Match the interviewer's questions below to sections 1-3 of the article. » Do you believe that one person can really maka a diffrence? What have you done on a personal evel to acess the esue of ciate change? ‘You have rently become seriously Involved in green lsu. How dl ths ‘come about? Read the interview again, Use your own words to answer these questions, Why ic Eddy want to find out about al the ways the world might end? \What id the selertist accuse the uso” \What does the scientist suggest global warming is responsi for? \Why do you think the head of NCAR ‘was surprised by Eddy's questions? \Why was Eddy’s conversation with the scientist so signifcant? What does Eady suggest about his previous invelvement in environmental \Whvy does Eddy thirk more people vill become involved in environmental \Why does Eady mention people ike Gandhi and Nelson Mende? What doos Eddy thinks the best way to change the work? b Workin pairs. Compare your answers. Do you agree with Eddy's views about global warming and his proposed solution? Why2/Why not? Work in pairs. Discuss these questions. 2 What do you think this saying means nat you, wha? If not now, when?” ‘What do you think is irvolved in Conducting an eco-aust on your home? Hon ‘geen’ do you think your este ig? How could you and your home be ‘greene’? ‘What could every person immediately {do to ight clmate change?One person can make a difference ... Eddy Canfor-Dumas, television's favourite ‘disaster’ drama scriptwriter, has recently added politics to his ‘to do’ list. Irene Core asks why. ‘Some years ago, | was working on @ BEC ‘sastor’ drama, Supervotcano, about tha fctonal eruption of Yelowstone National Parkin the USA. As part of my research artist who had just written I the ways the word might fend, Top of the Ist was global warming, ‘created by man-made CO, emissions. ut, he said, one of tha warst offenders the USA, would not start to change until a satis of devastating huricanes hit its Gul ‘and east coasts ‘The naxt caster project | was working on was called Superstorm. It was about the impact of global warming on hurricanes inthe Atlantic, and | vised the National Center for Atmospheric Research in Boulder, Colorado, A numberof violent hurricanes ware sweeping the Gulf and fast coasts of the USA, 30 | asked the head of NCAR two questons: is gobal warming a realty, end ist man-made? He looked at me as if was mac, How ‘ould anyone stl be asking such basic ‘questions? He gave me a short tutorial ‘on clmate science, and after further discussions with other scientists | home convinced that ths was areal and gave issue that naaded to be dealt with Urgently i high time we al ace ‘everyone can rake a: cepted the fact that erence, Wea, | realised | had to be more than Justa ‘drect-debit environmental paying a smal sum of money eacr ‘month to Fiands of the Earth to ease my Conscience. So | employed sorneane to do an eco"-aucit on my house 10 see how ‘my family could become greener, and went along to a meeting of my local Green Party let the meeting as the candidate for my area inthe upcoming local {government elections and the election ‘organiser for a much bigger area! For the time being 'm OK about doing booth jobs but | admit its har trying to it varying in, so obviously I'd soonar someone else was doing one of the Jobs. infact, | would prefer tifa lot more people got crecty involved. But 'm Confident that this ts only & matter of time before people see that we cannot ‘continue to ve as though the planet had unlimited resources and an unlimited capacity to absorb the effects of ver {greater consumption, “Toareis an anciant Japanese saying: “One isthe mother of ten thousand, Everything begins wth the indhidual. One ‘parson implements change which sets fof a change n anther person, and 80 (on, even fit takes a great deal of time. If the change inthe indvdal s profound ‘and focused on raiaving or preventing suifering, the change he or sh ffi others wil be al the great far-reaching. Look atthe great reigious teachers in history or people from more modern times, such 88 Gandhi andl Nelson Mandela, f course, we don't need to think such ‘rand terms. n fact, rather people looked at the smal things they could do, bit by bt, ight on ther doorstep. Cthernise they get put off by thinking they have to change the work, That wl happen anyway, we all do our bit and perhaps lust a Iitte more.HELP WITH GRAMMAR Past verb forms with present or future meaning Past ver forms do not aways rte to past te, 2. Compare these pairs of sentences, Do any of the sentences refer to past time? Do all the sentences tell us what the speaker would like to happen? 4) a tte to accept the fact that ‘everyone can make a di Its time we al accepted the that everyone can make a Idratner people looked at the Look again at the sentences in {6a Which verbs (pink or blue) are infinitive verb forms? Which are either Past Simple or Past Continuous? ‘© Look at the subjects in bold in the sentences in 6a. Then choose the correct words in the rule. rather, and would preterit i ere od by a subject + vorb, we use an nfitvela past ver form, TIP + We canalso say i's about time for t's high ime .. fo suggest somathir is urgent: i's high time we all accepted the fact that everyone can make a difference, Check in EXEIIIGEN p57. ‘a. What would you ike to change? ‘Complete these sentences. 1 rather people ct Fd sooner travel "id prefer iti Its high time people el rather my family Td peter not to Irs about time we Itstime to stop Work in pairs. Discuss your ideas. Listening and Speaking Eh 2 Check the meaning of these words. soot sorb an erator federal dw b 11 Listen to Eddy talking about Hazel Henderson, an ordinary woman who has made a significant difference to the world. Choose the best answers, 1 Allthe chcren who played in the local park in New York were oy 2. Hazel succeaded in getting better playgrounds in park/levls of ar potion mad put 3 Hazelis now an advisor tothe US presidont/word government ED ® Workin groups of tres. You are each going to summarise part of Hazel Henderson's story. Student A, look a ist 1 below Student B, look at Ist 2. Student C, lok a ist 3. Which of tho tems fom your st can you already tak about? Sit, school, quaicatons, jobs, New York, an American man, cid local playground 20% poluton ther moths and ence In Ne York, quality of hea ASC nen nvr, weather orcas 'b Listen again, Make notes on your section ofthe story, © Summarise your part ofthe story using the prompts from 8a and your notes. In the same groups of three, compare your summaries. Do you think you have covered all the main points?HELP WITH PRONUNCIATION Linking sounds a BEEBE 2 Usten to nese sentences and notice how words within a speech unit ar irked together. 1 $0// se // ook ao /n_a heal / 28a receptionist In. New York was. 0 pox 10 py ll SOs 4 and//she_y enjoyed that er bb Find examples ofthe following features in sentences 1-4. 12 aconsonant sound atthe end of a words inked with a vowel sound atthe beginning of a word, > sound atthe end ofa lod linked with the seme Consonant sound at tha Beginning af a wor. © avowel sound atthe endl af a word i tnked with at the begining ofa word by adding // o IP « ts not necessary tink words in this way to be under but an awareness of this feature can halp you to understand ‘connected speech and to speak more fet. Listen and practise the sentences, Look back at your summary from Se. Decide how to break Itup into speech units, paying attention to linking sounds. fe Work in pairs. Take turns to read out your summaries Get ready ... Get it right! 1 Imagine you can spend an evening with three famous people that have made a difference to the ‘world, positively or negatively. They can be from the present or the past. Which people would you choose to invite and why? b Write one question you would like to ask each person, {questions you would ask. What topics of conversation | | BB Workin ps. Say who you chose and what 'b Agree on the three most interesting people, | [Td lke co invite Ribanna, | Oh, Pd rather we invited Valentina Tereshkova. She had a much greater influence {© Tell the class who you chose and what topics of conversation are likely to come up. d_ Which group would you Ike to join for the evening? Why?Reading and Vocabulary EI 2 Work in pars Discuss these questions 11 Whats the scariest experience you have 2 What would you cof you near a burglar trying to break bb Road the title ofthe diticle. What do you think the artic is about? Read the article and check your ideas. Answer these questions. 1 What happened and what ai the writer do about i? 2. Does she see hers as @thil-sooker ora fearavoider? EB « Read the article again. Which ofthese sentences are true, which are fae, and wish are not ‘mentioned? 1 Thoiwitr was tried when she heard he no. 2 Hor husband was woken by the 088 2 She woul es 01 ce ete tl 4 She notees poops aking ks in yt 5. She experienced altof eer as ach. > ‘She went downstas with her husband, Her husband saw the burglar, Work in pairs and compare your answers. EI Fina words inthe article with these meanings, 1 somsting 2 wood or stone beng out any with sharp ace ‘pare. ‘of cause something erating bay (ar orarary snc ir crakengsomeeno soem fem being rushed or broken (pare. 1) (cera. 2) tin some wey (para. 2) unhappy and discouraged (para. 3) El 2 THink of someone you know who is a tril-seeker ora fear-avoider. What examples can you give to justly the description? b Work in pairs, Talk about the people you know. Vocabulary word buling (2): sutfnes Grammar wherever, whoever, whateve, at, 11 What woke me that night were the two loud bangs, one ‘ater the othe | stood atthe top ofthe stairs wih my heer ‘tryna to escape my body. Then the sound of crunching, sraning, chiseling. Whoover was causing ths disturbance ‘was cbvousy tng to enter my house at 4 aim. unnuited, ‘of course! How long di it take my body to alm down? Well | have to sey, mi recovery was Siow. Even now, the ‘vey theught can tiger the same sensation that raced through me that ght and | wouldn't wish ton anyone. But some people, the thil-seckers’ actually go looking for this rh of adrenaline, Tey ae the rders of rlercoesers, ‘the fans afhorrar the boy car racer, Why do they rave it? Why am I 80 erent? 2 Inanarice {reas about fea, sed there was a clear sion between ‘tl: soskere’ and earavoider. immediately put myset Gown as 2 fear-avcider. Now, ‘2ccordng 10 the atl, sh ust hat I'm not courageous = could accept that but supposed, tate change, ‘want the worl to stand sti. Happiness forme, it seems, Sas in being mundane; rot vary fatering, but a east shows Ihave a keen cense of Suva 3 Forthil-ookers, onthe other hand, it seems ies too safe, paps even too longl They le excitement, (ow, change, Nothing pleases tham more ther a ‘iticult chalange, or better stl, an impossible ono. And fala to this bit of dangar nthe day can leave them Jespondent. re these the overs | se overtaking other ‘cars on the wrong side of the road and jumping red lights? Presumably, isto stop thereaves om feeling ‘neat. 4. And what bout imagined fear? The artic said t's played ‘ut al through chidnood, and there are clear develooment ‘markers. A fear of roneters under th bed is common ‘between the ages of four and seven. After that, cicren leave the word of fantasy and enter the reaims of possbilty “They develop fers abou ~ and Im queing here ~ "burglars breaking 5 ended up wondering I thil-seekng ves part of my burglars motuation, And fo, | wonder fin some smat wy, | heed him achieve ths when Iso courageously sent my husbend downstars to ivestgateHELP WITH VOCABULARY Word building (2): suffixes NouNs Look at these nouns from the article ‘Then answer the questions. sound disturbance recovery riders vision change happiness. survival faxctamant chatengefalure possibilty 1 Which three nouns have a verb inthe same form? sound, a sound 2 Which seven nouns ae made by adding suffixes to verbs? What sufftes are added tothe verb? 3 Which two nouns are made from adjectives? What suines are added to the adlectives? b Look at these groups of words. Is each ‘group comprised of adjectives, verbs or adverbs? 11 cowardly, moody, courageous, cultural, sympathetic, talented 2 racently, confidant aly 3 creative, dependent, remarkable 4. rationalise, widen, clay © Complete these sentences with verbs, adjectives or adverbs. + Tomek ‘rom nouns we can use 1-008, 0d 2 Tomake from adjectives we can 3 Tomake from verbs we can use -ie, -ent-ant, abla 4 Tomake from adjectives we can 4 Check in TINE 150 ‘a Complete these questions with the correct form of the word in brackets. 11 Would you say al your fiends are ‘dependable? (equal) 2 Do you usualy need iodo dificult things? (motivate) 3. Do you consider yoursofto be a person? Why?/Why not? (courege) 4 What would you do if there was a loud ‘outside your window inthe riddle of the right? (distur) 5 Doyou agree withthe saying that gets you nowhere” (attr) 6 When you were a child, did you or anyone you know have an friend? (imagine) b Work in pairs, Ask and answer the questions inéa, Listening and Speaking ‘Work in pairs. Do you agree on which photos, A-F, illustrate each of these emotions: anger; disgust; sadness; fear; joy; surprise?EB « Workin pairs. Discuss these questions. Bi a Fin tne gaps with however, whichever, 1 Do you think all cultures experience the same basic emotions? whenever, whoever, eee ‘or wherever. 2 How do you think basic emotions helped our ancestors to stay alive? ‘There is sometimes more than one 3. What other emotions are ner besGes the banc ones? possible answer. + Lean wear tant to werk! bb EEEEBS Liston toa radio programme about emotions. colege/schoo! Gree yon erences 2 much | want to, | don’t get much ¢ Listen again. Read these quotes and answer the questions. ‘chance to practise my English 1 "Whoever said that is wrong,” (Said what?) a Meee 2. -Wherever tna exoorimont was caro out, the results Were the eee narar Winst aeennen * tig! Rem us ert 3 “Whoever saw the photos identiied the same emotions” (Wheh emotions?) 5 ‘people say about this country, 4 "Whenever you do this in private ... it's unlikely to cause [inns a OSs ere some ee * ernie 5 “That's the difference between higher and basic emotions.” 7 erere eee iieiprecincheimihitieeiines: «SO ceca tase eensrar ats tate anos caettee see ear ae eeahdaajorde Get ready ... Get it right! FB @ Make ast of things that tightened you tsa child and things thal tighten you now Use these deus or your om «nagar monte : HELP WITH GRAMMAR wherever, whoever, whatever, etc. ‘Read the rule. Then match the words in bold in sentences 1-4 4 the dark in 8c to meanings a or b. thunder and lightning \When we add ever to question wards (wherever, whoever, whanaver, © cart arkrink x raects whatever, whichever, however|it usually has one of these meanings. © being a passenger in a car that's being 1 It doesnt matter where, who, when, etc. It can be any place, anyone, ven fast ‘any time, Start the experiment whenever you want to. (t oasn't «N06 matter when you start) Give the resuts to whoever wants them, aie (anyone who wants them) 2 z »b_Anunknown place, person, time, ete. Whoever wrote this report dio 'b Make another list of things you enjoy, «a fantastic job. (I don't know who the person was) which might frighten some people. TIPS + Wnenever can also mean ‘every time': Whenever she cals, rielng @ motorbike ‘ut, (= every time she cals m out) horror fms * Whoever, whichever and whatever can be the subject or the object of TB @ Werk in groups. Discuss the tings on the ver: ? Ree tad i iebied your lists. Who is most like you’ Whoever you saw .. (object) ‘When Iwas a kid, I needed to * Whatever is used in informal English to mean 't doesn't matter’ or leave the light on all night. ‘don't care. ‘A: Would you ke fo see that new fin? bb Tell the class how you would describe : Whatever. ‘another person in your group: are they a * However can be used with an adverb, However hard she tries, she ‘thrll-seeker or a fear-avoider? can't please her teacher. However much it costs, stil going to buy ‘© Doyyou agree with the description of that coat. (I doesn't matter how hard or how much) ‘you? Why?/Why not? b Check in FETIITIIEEP 187.le § Writing Work in pairs and ciscuss these questions. 1 What would you ho to tnprove about your area? 2 What cous you co personaly to morove te stuton? Ey 2 Read this extract rom a posting on a website. Ignore any mistakes for now 1 What th problem? What ae the reasons forthe probom? What ae th resus othe problem? Wat acon suggested? 2 3 4 b The writer made six spelling mistakes. Find the mistakes and correct them, We should no longer keep silent about this issue. tisigh time something was done to improve the cleanliness of fur steets. During the 15 years have been living inthis neighberhood, the situation has been gradualy deteriorating This is largely due tothe lack of services provided by the counel Refuse collection curently ocuts only once every to ‘weeks owing toa lack of funds. Ths results in overfowing bins and abull-up of rubbish outside residential areas. tis ‘only a mater of time before this unhigenic state of afflrs leads to an infestation of some sort perhaps, in the worst case scenario, ofa. Cleaty itismecesary forthe public to take action inorder to persuade the goverment t intervene. Please sign our petition and pass ton to your contacts so that a many people as possible can support this cause. ‘Connecting words/phrases cause and effect (1) Speling commonly misspelled words Wiring task an onne posting about an issue EX Choose the correct spelling. [TTI P 157. 2 accomodation/accammadation 3 colleague/colleage 4 aguaintance/acquaintance 5 business/oulsness 6 adress/address 7 macicin 8 exaggerale/exagerrato 9 admited/adimted 10 beginning/oegining mecio! Read the posting in 2a again. Match the expressions in bold to these uses. Tointroduce a 1. purpose to (improve) 2 reason 2 result bb Complete the paragraph below with expressions from da, There ie more than one possible anewer. EEE eer Ther ato much trate on our streets, Tis tf jams on mar roads every moming end evening, wich overs doisye ond eyed tempers. Most cies sxtfor om noreaed poten to constant, trate on our oad, and many peop sir alegios the poor quay tthe is te we deat wih tho traf stuaion we can prove the auto efor nose wt ences. Write a posting for the website about the situation you discussed in 1. Explain the following points, using ‘connecting words/phrases. 1. what probien theo are 2 the reasons for tose problems 4 the resus ofthese problems 4 ht acton shouldbe taken and why Workin pairs. Read your partner's posting. What isthe problem, the reauit and the suggested action? bb Check your partner's posting for accurate use of connecting words/phrases and speting. Discuss possibie improvements together Wire final craft of your posting 1b Work in groups. Read each other's final drafts. Which issue is the most serious? Which suggests the best solution? | For more Writing practice: Portfolio 8, Workbook p75.TYG SC AND SKILLS QUICK REVIEW Wherever, whoever, whatever, etc. Work in pairs. Take tums {0 complete these sentences about 2 Workin groups (ofthe same sex i possbe), Make a lit of reasons why i's tasir orharder to be a member of the Cpposite sex in your country. Use these ideas or your oun, © bs ‘laionshios physical strength emotions appearance seit expectations of end attide tonards men and women bb Tol the class your group's conclusions. Do you agree with what the other groups said? Are there any points that the whole class agrees on? Ei 2 EGER « Read and listen to Sophie Hannah's poem about a problem she's been experiencing. Then answer the questions 1 Whats her indecision about? 2 Why's the poom caled he Pros and Cons? 3 How many pres and how many cone doas she mention? There may be aferent interpretations bb Read the poem again. Match meanings a-gtoverses 1-7 Phninghim means 4 MHembarrass myself becouse "seem overieen. 7 > hemight thnk fm to enthusiast and Iright put him ot hel tink marnice parson. eT know Im keen to ee hi agan ¢ won't be wasting te wendetng ithe’ going to none me oF rot 1 i's OK because it shouldnt matter who epproactes who, 6 be ess embarassing or im intent of ris coleagues The pros and cons Vocabulary isiomatc phrases Skills Reading: a moder poem; Ustening: a escussion about gande Real World Expaining choices The Pros and Cons 4 He'll be pleased fl phone to ask him how he is, twill make me look considerate and he likes considerate people. Hell be reassured tose that haven't losnteest, Which might make him happy and then have done him a favour. {f 1 phone him right now tl get to speak to him sooner than | wll fit around waiting for him to phone me, He might not want to phone me from workin case someone hears ‘And beains (or continues) to suspect that there's something between us. ‘flwant to and don't, aren't being a bitimmature? We're both adults. Does it matter, with adults, who makes the first move? But there's always the chance h'llback offi come onto strong The less keen | appear, the more keen he's likely tobe, and | phoned him twice on Thursday and once on Friday, er esa Watch meanings h-jto verses 8-10 Not phoning hi means: 1 i |.can pretend | rejacted him fit if tums aut he doesn't want 1 see me. 1's probably better | eave ito him to do the chasing he know | understand tha | can't be the most important thing in his Ife right now.2 You are going to do a class survey using ‘these questions. Choose two questions to ask other students. 11 man have @ much easier He than 2 women can do the 2ama jabs a8 mn jst a8 Wal? 3 mon arenat vary good at expressingthelrfeings ng communicating? 4 womens emotions interfere wth tel adoement? bb Interview as many students as yeu can in five minutes. Make notes on the answers you get. REAL WORLD Explaining choices There no way that Absolutely! mean, there may be © say that. because I think «Eventhough I thnk(man/wemen) have an easior tne «reckon t depends on © Whatover you thin about (women), they dtitoy I Match tres ptrases to meanings 3-e a, ROE Ie beckons 2c «Work ple, Gompar no aha amv inte 2 ‘these questions. a iaesan eniidaeiniacll cone Leone Fntiay Geren inte Pann foot th oe rab whee ee er i ahalofrodemal Saran cease 1 Wor pa, Anwar hee queton. i \What cultural soue does this oom raise? Dia you mention tin your discussion i 4b? If not, does sila rT et) Issue eit in your courity? 2 Doyou think the wnter’s predictions ebout how the man right react are corset? WyfWhy not? ® Vocabulary, Grammar‘and Real World {8 What would @ woman advise her to do? What would 1 Extra Practice and Progress Pertfolio 8 p24 avansaenne = Video (What's stopping you?) 9131 4 Doyou think a man would have asia lemma? tse, wed tbe forthe sme reasons? 2 Language Summary 8 pI66 = Workbook 8 p39 1 Self-study DVD-ROM 8 with Review Video Sa Fes Bl 2 Doyouthink men and women would give the same answers to these questions? 1 Doyou think that beng a man’s woman has ever stopped you rom deing someting you wanted tooo? 2 Ifyou coud ve your te again as aman ora woman, ‘which would you enoase and why? 5 Listen to six people answering the questions in Sa, How many answered 'yes' to question 1? {GI 2 Liston again. Work in groups A and B. Group A ‘make notes on the anewers Bana, Mick and Joey give. Reading and Writing Group pete ee Les a ANG Le s Portfolio 8 An informal email Workbook 675 1b Workin pairs with a student from the other group. Reading an informal email ‘Compare notes. Writing informal languageVocabulary price and cost 2 Are you good with money? Why?/Why not? 'b Filin the gaps with the correct form of price or cost. Check in KEEETEEE se * In your country. 1 What's the most stfectve way ot raveling around cies? 2 Doyou thnk base product ae reasonably 7 3 Has the fing risen much cover the last year? 44 Do shops often have hat: sales? 5 isthe of dental treatment very high? ‘About you 6 Doyouhave anything that you think is ‘eos? 7. Have you ever Bought something that ‘fortune and regretted i? 8 Doyoualvays check the tag betore you buy clathas? 9 Have you bought anything recently that you thought was over ? 10s there anything you would be waling to buy at any ? ‘© Work in pairs. Take turns to ask and answer the questions in 4b. if you're from the same country, do you agree? Speaking and Reading EB 2 Workin small groups. Do you think that having more money leads to greater happiness? Why?/Why not? Read the frst paragraph ofthe article. Can you answer tne questions? ‘© Read the rest of the article. Does it mention the ideas you discussed? The price of happiness Vocabulary price and cost Grammar simple v continous: verbs with ctferent meanings MORE MONEY, Ifyou are atop investment manager ‘akg home 540 milion ths year, you can aford more than a litle lary So ‘why ste to take home $50 millon next year? This question goes tothe heart of one of the mostreseurhed paradones in socal science: why do people decleate so much energy to taying t0 make moce money, when hing more money doesnot seem to ma them that mach happier? Fist, a caves people who rake very litle money do become signficarty happier when they eam rere Buta large survey has shown that the impact of addtional income fon happiness tends to taper of round an annual alry of § el below the top 1%, Thre sno data svggesting tat more money makes peopl es happy —it just hat Ie stops making ther much happier. Nonetheless itis abundantly clear thatthe very ich are forever string to augment thei weath Some of the reasons why are surprisingly simple MORE HAPPINESS People might be happier with ther current level ef wean eweren for the cuicus and apparently iresstible Urge humans have to compare curselves wth others in every ‘mension imaginable. atractvenest, iteligence; heigt weight) and ‘rvily, nancial success As HLL Mencken sid, ’A wealhy man is one sho earne $100 a year more than his ves sister’ husband” The happiness we derive fom income is based not conlyon how much we have buton how much we have relatve to our pees. The pain of seeing someone else make more money isa major motivator tnhen it comes to accumulating wealth ‘Adationaly, people are much more ely to engage inconspicuous consumption when they know that those purchases wil getthe ahead of thes peersin the status hierarchy. Ineerestingly, ths apples t0 the ther end ofthe income spectrum as wel A recent study shows thatthe people wha are mast apposed to anicteue in the minimum wage ae thoes sino make jst above the mri wage Wit Bocuse fx nen these people wl ro mors plo ang wal the eee etre heyaclee epee ‘As ure many ther things ths er ine mone canbe coud Whenpeople reflect on nether they are beter ois year than at, quero ie have roe tearing ny Hea to fz Sry on the ofer hn, ges 3 meteg se Fl make more ths year han then yes | andoingbeterin He. Thay so expan ‘wiypeoplese anysbuynglegerbouee tnd tenon Laity, despite icles contaciing the noten, mem people sil Believe tht F they were to hve more money, they woul efniely be hvng a beter tive Incar suney we ated people to predict fea area a ae ee icone was anything fom 35000 op to St millon, We aso aed how much money they actly eared, ard how repay they wee We foun tat peep seeraly ciresinated the impact of ‘money on happiness for example, those whe earned $25,000 year precited that their happiness would double if they made $50,000 More money, more happiness ‘When we measured the happiness of people at these no levee of income by having them rate their satisfaction with Ife on a seale of 1-1, we found thatthe weahier group was only 9% happier Ths shouldnt be suprising many of us canhink Of times when we ested less but were happier. So if you are thinking of applying forabeterpaidjob, consider your options carefully, ‘All ofthat sad, the richest amongst us are better equipped to tum money ito happiness but perhaps not inthe way youd expect. Ouresearch shows that people can fain happiness with money # they smely fave it away It tums out that spending money on other people ~ donating to charty, or buying cafe for a frend creates happiness. So the next time youre expecting ends thnk sbout what you can do to treat them It might bring you more happiness than a aye Read the atcle again, Choose the best option ave foreach question RRasearch has shown thet adltional income makes people happier if they have worked hard to achieve > they ear less than 875.000 a year © they aren the top 1% of eamers. ‘The desire to compare ourselves with a |sapartciartrat of competitive people tends to be mest commen within ‘ami. ‘© pushes many ta imprave thelr nancial situation, ‘The writer suggests that people are motvated to ‘havo the sare income as their peers buy possessions which reflect their higher status, se above ast place! in terms of ‘hale neome, Constantly buying bigger houses ant fevisions fsa way 0 ‘8 measure our progress, ve our las meaning, © show others that we ae beter off than we wore. ‘The results of he author's research showed that people ‘were nacper whan thal Income subi. > precicted the attect of maney on happiness accurate. © on ahigner income were happier thar those on alower income, Wealthy people are mors able to tun ‘money nto happiness because 1 thoy can buy the things that make ‘hem happy. they are abe to make good investment forthe future they nave the means to spend it onathers, b Work in groups. Discuss these ‘questions, Iryou eamed twice as much money, happier do you think you How does it make you feel vine you 1d money on othe people? What do you thinks the kay to being happy?HELP WITH GRAMMAR Simple v continuous: verbs with different meanings ‘Look at the simple and continuous verb forms in bold in these extracts. Match the verbs to these meanings a remember e sider wait for possess —dbalovawilhappen experince 11 Most people sil beleve tat if they were to have more meney, they would deftly be having better time, 2 Many of us can think of times when we earned less but were happiar. So, I you are thinking of applying fr 2 bettr-pad job, consider your options careful {3 The chest amongst us are bettr equipped to turn ‘money into happiness, but perhaps not the Way You's expect... So the nex time you're expecting frends, think about what you can do to treat them. b_ Compare these pairs of sentences. What is the difference in meaning between the verb forms in bold in each sentence? 1 a Hisclotes fit me peracty ib Theyre fitting naw brakes on my ca 2 a Hoappears tobe fast asleep. She's appearing ona TV show a. [tlooks expensive b_ He's looking at anew car toca. ‘She comes trom London, 'b_ She's coming from London. 5 8 He'edifout. b Ho's being dificult, ‘4 limagine she realy kes Canada. There's nobody there. You're imagining things! 2 | now 686 wy sho found. 'b_ Imseeing Joo tori © Check in ESIINEGENE 150 ie 7 Listening and Speaking Complete these sentences withthe Present Simple or Continuous form of the verbs in brackets, Ki] [EEEIP 6 Listen to Cate, Maureen and Peter discussing ‘Sorwelldl oll ohne may bs poe, ‘whether money can buy you happiness. Which of these sentences best summarises the'r discussion? 1 Most psople (rover thin thet thay have arene They all agree that 2 tyou (pave) money problems, i's 1 mony can't buy you happiness, Important to get good advice. 2. possessions cat bring you happiness att {@ppear thatthe gap '3 you onlyneed enough money to cover your basic needs and poor is gating wider in most 4 You can find @ jb you love doing if you Tick the true sentences. Then correct the false ones. flock mare enough 1 Two ofthe speakers believe money can ring you 5 ttyou (expect) something bad to happiness. happen, then probaby wil 2 Maureen befaves money can buy you time to do what you wart t do, {Pate thnks things awaye cost money. € Discuss the sentences in 5a. Do you agree? 44 Maureen doesn’ rink mney can by you heath 5. Cate ayes with Maureen tat money can au ove b Work in pairs. Compare your answers. If both are correct, explain why. ich bring happiness don!Ey Listen again and fin these gaps with between cone and four words, Then check your answers 1 7 CCATE ‘Money can't buy you happiness'is actually a statement I think [would MAUREEN I know a lot of people say that, Cae, but then they're thinking of MAUREEN Ie can buy you to do the things vets What about things that don’ necessarily take a lor of money bat PETE It doesn't matte how you can buy that ccatt Yess and not having money ca relly vere [ve been there, worrying about where the next ppenny's coming from. Ie MAUREEN And it like when they say money ean’t buy you health ~ well, CATE I don’t HELP WITH PRONUNCIATION Contrast and contradictions [EER 7 Listen and notice how the speakers mpnasise a word which contrasts With a previous point witha step up (1) nth ‘Money can't buy you happiness actualy a statement (Nout have fo agtae wih |tean, recognise that we reed mney, we (do noed monoy frou basic needs Sut moneys (1) note roots to nappnass b [EGER ® Listen and circ the words that should be ‘emphasised inthis response. Lino alot of peop sy at But maybe ts the opportu tra, that having money ave you that makes mo thnk money can buy You happiness So, mat way, ink money ely cat buy YoU apes, tm not saying it always does. © Work in pairs, Practise saying the sentences in 9a and b, Use a step up In pitch to say the words that are ‘emphasised TIPS + To contrast or contradict a negative statement, we use a postive form of tha auxiliary or modal vecb (a. can, {20} and a step up in pitch. Ive (7) do need money * To contradict or contrast a postive statement, we usa not fr contraction (@.9, can't, don’) and a step up in pitch, Money is (7) not the route to happinass * Wie can also emphasise the word that contrasts or contradicts @ previous statement (e.9. alvays). ‘a Look at this statement. Think about whether you agree or disagree and make notes. Money car't buy you ove or happiness but tis a messure 'b Work in pairs. Discuss the statement, paying attention to your pronunciation. Ty to reach an agreement, ‘© Work with another pair and discuss your ideas. Get ready ... Get it right! | Make a list of things you have bought and ‘experiences you have had that have given you great pleasure. Which of the experiences didn’t involve money? ‘a. Work in groups. Discuss your lists. Which are the most interesting? b Tell the class about what your group discussed. {As a.class, do most of you get more satisfaction from experiences or possessions? Ie appears most of us get more pleasure fromCash-free Listening and Vocabulary EB 9 Can you think of any advantages of traveling without money’? b [EE 9 Listen tothe frst extract from a programme about Satish Kumar Answer these questions 1 What was Sat pan? 2 Wat ihe teacher say woud happen fey hadi have money? 2: Did Satish ans comeanion take any money? ¢ [EEF 10 Listen to the next extract. Make notes on topics a-f 2 8,000 No Destination b twowomen e._twograves © packets oftea tthe English Channel and the Alario d_ Work in pairs. Compare answers © EEEP 1: Listen to the ral extract. Filin the gaps below. What points Satish Kumar making? he leamed thatthe travels as an indian with an indian hell meet a Pakistan or a? ora US citizen carrying their ® ithe gossasa4 .hellmest a capitals. fhe goes as a® ‘man, hell meet a® man ora? ‘men, but ithe travels through fe as @ 8 hell met only ® Vocabulary word building (3): productive suffixes Grammar a/an one; few, a fw, quite afew Bi» Bib BEF 0 EER 1 Liston againto al three extract. Ar these statements true, false, or the answer isnot given? 1 There wor an-war demonstration inthe 1960, 2 Satah was in his 208 when he began the journey. 2 They often thought of ing up and gong homo 4 Sate fot that jounay had boon success in persuading governments to change. Work in groups. Discuss these questions. 1s Satsh Kur to ideo? 2 Was his acc gt about Pow o ache peace? 4 the word becorring more peactu? HELP WITH VOCABULARY Word building (3): productive suffixes: Elsa Look at sentences 1-4 fom the radio programme, Choose the cont suffix. 1) There were many community ee/ed cempsions 2 The wo men, who werent artery money. minded erway, tf 4 Thor 8000-mile wa cern wasn't entry Bess mincedee 4 es ntewarty/ed tet pat tom crossing he Englsh Cannel and he Atte by Boa, ty realy de wal te way What do you think the suffixes in 2a mean? What do the sutixes in bold mean? Ther uroy was totaly unpredictable, They dnt have vtexproo ting, Trey sates waking ervnd sis, Tey were very heath concious, (Check in [EREDETINED 15s. What do you think the words in bold mean? an ovenproof ash reddish hair pollution-free ewironment a newsworthy story an unforgettable moment a government-ld intiatve poltcally-minded person fashion-conscious teenagers Choose five words or suffixes from 3 and 4a and write questions to ask a partner. © Work in pairs. Ask and answer your ‘questions.Speaking and Reading Ef 2 Work in pairs. Answer these questions. 7iNihy nat 4 What do you think‘e-cash’ means’ b Read the article. Does the writer think we will become a cash-free society?HELP WITH GRAMMAR afan v one; few, a few, quite a few VAN, ONE Eh Complete the ules wth alan or one. «© @/an anc one both rater to one thing and can be Used with singular countable nouns. However, we usually use. «2 if we want to emphasise the number Ittakes just tenth ofa second to complete ‘most transactions. (not two or three tenths) 'b_ when we are thinking ofa particular day nthe future ‘the past), but we don't say exactly which day happened day last month, out can't remember which day) We can see him day next week. © inpphrases with otharanothertha next Many of us move from toanother ‘means of payment IED & Workin pas. Read the question and choose the best answer in each reply. Give reasons. Have you got a five note I could borrow? ound Sorry, I've only got ‘alone ten-pound note Sorty, P've only gor alone five pound note and I need it. FEW, A FEW, QUITE A FEW b Match the words/phrases in bold in extracts a~c to definitions 1-3, ‘© However, few financial experts would dispute the fact that some ofthese methods of payment wil soon become & thing ofthe past. bb fpayments fora few coffees are made every day by ‘a commuter with @ mobil, this wll not appsar on theit monthly crest card statements, but on their mobile= phone statements © Howover, quite a few Amorican bankers are optimistic 1 considerable number 2 some, but a smal number 3 not many, or not enough TIPS + Few is often used in more formal stuations * Litde/a ite Is used wth uncountable nouns inthe same way few/a few is used with countable nouns, I spend very ite time with my son. not much time at al Every evening he spends a litle time with his son. (ot much time, but soma) © Chock in EEEIIISEED 160. HB) 2 Workin groups. You ae planing to raise El 2 Think about how to answer these questions using words/phrases from the box. @ an akt one few eltte afew very itia autea tow quite abit 1 How much tie do you spend wit ctfarent members of your femiy? 2 How many snacks between meals do you have during the day? What about coffees? 3 Do you have alt of ree time during the week? 4 Do you do any activites after work or studying? 8 Doyou cary aot of cash on you? b Work in pairs, Take turns to ask and answer the questions. Ask follow-up questions, © Work with a different partner. Explain your previous partner's answers. Maria has very ltele fre time during the week, _ Get ready ... Get it right! awareness of an important issue. Decide the following points. © what you will do (a walk orrun, a climb, a bike ride, etc) © what issue you wll support (a chart, world peace, etc) b Now decide the details, «© how you wal aise funds (working before the trip, sponsorship, eto) © how you wil raise anereness ofthe Issue (set up biog, wit articles, seek pubis, etc) | Tell the class about your plan. Which seems the | most interesting? Which do you think is most ikely to succeed? Why?Writing EI. What probioms can customers sometimes have wth their bank? Ey ead this lta rom a customer oa bank. gnove any mistakes fornow, What has happened and what does the Customer want happen next? Dear Si, According to my latest ny lees bank statement hare eon Ved intrest ona loan the meer ‘ok tS my current acount oer 4y£50 and becaseef is hare hog” ‘harged £10 for an unauthrised erty 2 ep fre miaand 5 “becauteof« bank ervey, please ‘cunt with he sum of 660, ered my There has ben a noticable increase nists recently end lin tha casomers sera merrier fade sccptabe and mite unbelieveable hat Look a the etter again, Correct four sping mistakes ‘wth the sutines bi o abe, ies Complete these words with the sutfxes ile or able, Something et Youcan eats es You cen understands understand mks sneer Yovcan see vis yousen dois do. You nates icc, Youcan bere beler Youcan dear i estuct (Ghat Belov ered Connecting words cause and effect (2) Spelling ~bieor able Weting task making a sem-formal/formal complaint «Rewrite tose sentences in two ctferent ways using the word in brackets, Make ary necessary changes. pier, 1 He's determined. Thats why hes sucess (es aroout becaus) He's sucosst because e's determined He's determined. Ase resut hes success 2 Tho wesner was ba yet |ce go climbing. (Ove corseavent) 2 Three people wer. The meeting was canceled, (eso 4 My Spenih rely be. He cat understand me (as avoestbecaus) 8 There were tbl foods They st al ter ors {terete becave Vat nas poor Tere woe sever oad scosserts scan coneamuany) 7 You dort want top, F1coi myo. (eres: 'b Read the letter again. Which of these words/phrases could be used to make the underlined connecting words seem more formal? Sometimes there is more than one. possible answer. custo therefore accordinaly ‘consequently as arecut i ® Inyour most recent bank statement, you were charged for a purchase you dd not make. Because of this, you could not withdraw money from a cash machine. Tink of four possible. consequences ofthis situation, Workin pars and compare ideas. What do you think the bank should do? Write a daft letter to the bank, making complaint and demanding ction. »b Workin pairs Swap letters and check for these features spetng of ut © ee of formal connecting words ®- seoropatevocabary «Discuss how you can improve your letters. Write @ second drat of your lta b Work in groups. Read other students’ letters. Whose situation was the most serious as a result of the bank's mistake? © For more Writing practice: Portfolio 8, ‘Workbook p78.9C AND SKILLS A ee Listening and Vocabulary ‘Work on your own. How much do Youu know about the economics of your Country’? Answer these questions. Check new words/phrases in is 1 2 » Inthe last fw years has"there boon economic growth cr economic dectine? What stops has your government taken in Periods of economic recession? ‘Gan you name one thing thet is mass-produced in your uri? Does your government send oversea aid tc developing countries? Is your government developing renewab) energy technology such as wind farms? How strong is the housing market? Has your country var been an ‘economic superpower? In what years have there been record levels cf unemployment? Does your courtry have nuclear power? Are thore laws against gender discrimination in tha workplace? ‘Work in pairs. How similar are your answers? EEE 22 Listen to a lecturer taking about studying economics. What are the three sections of his talk about? > [EGE 12 Listen tothe next part ofthe lecture. Tick the true sentence. Correct, the false ones. Economics can provide ll the answers to word problems. ‘without ft you can't understand werld issues propery. ‘You don't need ary partculr skis to study Its ont usetifyou want to go into the world of business and finance. World issues teaver ering orate Listen again. Answer these questions. 11 What doss the teacher say about wot food prices and the effect they wil have on the word? 2 What does ne mean when he talks about “he ral cost ofa plate bag"? 3 What type of people does he say are suited to economics? 44 Doos he think the study of economics sift? 5 Wry does he mention caroars such as architactie,palice and Joumalem? 6 At the end of the tak, which four aclectues does he use to describe 'b Work in pairs. Compare answers. Work in pairs and discuss these questions. 1 Which ofthe teaches arguments do you think weusinhienee a young scence the most and fy? 2 Dosouknow syone whose jb reauas knowledge of economics? so, 3. you have sts ecanemies, ck you enoy #7 youve never Sse economies, oo you thek youd ay Why hy pet? {REAL WORLD Presenting information Bh a ity dose te tector noha sonmrcee ne cece DM omistak? fm going to i to tat ro trea sro Fito ow eons fod a) Than goon fo fe halt eaten). And tay css ttre carcer) b Match prases 1-18 to headings ae. oraeheerea 2 feiaaroa parent ate oapcemnpe ‘Saran Wars to at a toga eat plunge wo nerd 1 Inconetsion 2 Fistotal 2 Now ak aout 4 Let move onto § S0,toemup 6 As! sabato 7 Lest but otis 8 Lets stat withoy 9 Togobackto 10 Justtorecep 11 Lessing that sie fora moment 12 Torelum to someting | mentioned earlr 18 And nay © Look at Auco Scripts EDP 12 and [ERE 19 174, Look at the phrases in Bold and notes how the talks stuctured. @ Checkin re.[Gl = Complote these sentences with the correct words. a Fist al it's star looking a the problems that occur whan young people can't find Leaving that aside ‘a moment, it's move the advantages for soc in having ‘apprenticeship schemes, © Nowak now a transl of sks wal benef Indviduals both young and ols 4 Asisa ‘the benefits willbe considerable. 8 Andtogo «point made eal, the ‘elderly have skis they can ps onto the young, t Tosum what we need iso fnd a way to encourage more apprenticeship schemes ° ‘conclusion, uniags we do somathing seen, tha ‘outcome loks bieak b Work in pairs. Answer these questions, 11 Whats the takin 6a about? 2 Doyyou thnk isa good idea? Why? 3 Wouldit be relmant to your country? Why net? ‘2 Work in pas. You are each going to give a two-minute talk on the same topic to a different partner. Choose one ofthese topics (or your own) and follow instructions 1-3, unk mai should be mag ilogal Pubic transport should be free, Everyone should havea three-day weekend, People shoul rete at 50, 1 Maka a ist of things you could include in your tlk 2 Put yourlistin logical order and make alist about wht you could say about eac! 3. Think about how to open and close yo ta b Work on your own, Make notes on what you are going to say, © Work with your partner from 7a. Take turns to practise Taking sauere. talk about the tovic for 45 seconds. Another student can check the tim, Ifyou can't tak for 45 seconds, ‘move back tothe last square you were on ta second or third student ands on the ‘same square, he/she aso talks about the same topic for 45 seconds, ‘You need: One counter for each student, ‘one dice for each group. How to play: Put your counters on START. “Take tums to thaw the dice, move your ‘counter and read the instructions on the ‘square, The frst stucent to get to FINISH is the winner, Pair and Group Work: Student/Group A 1C Maps : 1 Read definitions 1-3. Make sure you understand them and can say them fluently 1 rave /ce1v/ about something to talk very enthusiastically about something: Jan raved about Tarantino's new film. Apparently is great 2 hit the roof o get very angry about something: When June saw bow much Pete had spent on bis new car she hit the roof, 3. eallita day to decide t stop working or doing an activity usually because you are tired or you hhave done enough: {'m realy tired. Lee's call ita day, We an finish the cleaning romeorrow. b You are going to give three definitions of each idiom to Group B: the correct definition and two false definitions. Work together to invent two false definitions and three example sentences for each idiom. © Decide who is going to give the true definition and, the false definitions for each idiom. Then rehearse ‘exactly what you are going to say. Remember you are all trying to convince Group B that your definition is correct. 1d. Work with students from Group R and follow these instructions. Your group starts, 11 Give your detntions for dior 1. Group B discusses which otintionis correct. Repest your definitions if necessary. 2 Group B says which defintion they tink is corect, which are fale and why. The student in your group With the corect definition then reads tout 38 Group B then gives their definitions for idiom a Continue with the game untl both groups have (Quessed three definitions ‘© Which group guassed the mast correct definitions? 3B EI p30 ‘2 Read extracts 1-3, Then answer these questions 1 Whats the advo? Did it match ary of your predictions? According to the search, how can the advice contbute toa person's wettbeing? © What fects or foes, any, support the research? [Ed Eat more curry. recent nav expats come pproate na haat Panett ot stg uri, Net nly de cures pect span: Asnener's ass end depression, bur ty canals help you ose weight Apparently, meals 2ontaining chilies burn up more calories than ther mel Get a hobby. Having a hobby can ease depression, ower levels of sre, improve mood a inerune sytems”and may reduce thers of hgh blood presse. According to research at Maasticht Universit, men whe have habbes ‘less kal 0 be sick ancabsant rom werk then men who dont Drink more cafes Not unl ecenty haste wor’ ‘ros woe sed simula been consdere od or You. can ower the sk of iabetes” reek mele and ‘prove spect of naugt, Accrcing toesaarch one ft Hanerd Unversty, women to hk cotee may ‘econ th nothing a hart aac Up 20%. ‘Tho research wes eared out on 3000 women over sk Years. Dinkrg sor more cups a cay lo veces the {ek of Bbete by 54% ormen and 30% or women “caloo = ut or meassing he aout of energy tat 108 wi reauce mare sytem = syston by which your body protects sal agast “caetes /dat bith sugarin your blood b Work with the other people in your group. Take tums to tell each other your answers to the questions.Pair and Group Work: Student/Group A 4B EB paz 8 Work with another student from Group A. Look at inventions 1 and 2. Then discuss these questions. 1 What wore these mentions syppased to do? 2. Why cid te inventors think they would be populer? What do you think were the good and bad aspects ofthe leventons? 4 Doyou think they woud be popular in your county? Why2/Wy not? 'b Work with a student from Group B and a student from Group ©. Take tums to describe your inventions, ‘explaining what they were supposed to do. The Cother students should try and draw what you have described. The person who invented this obviously though ie was going to help people in rainy climates. Ie was supposed to ‘© Compare your drawings with the original pictures (on p09 and ptt, Decide which you think is the best and the weirdest invention, 4C Bi pas 2 Work with another student from Group A. You are news editors from @ tabloid newspaper. Look at these notes for two possible lead stories. Think of photos and a dramatic headline for each story. What extra details could the stories include to have maximum impact? El 200 cers rappin cars nd coaches on A nor ‘tEncland lst ng becavse of hay snow and gas. Show came ive ast no wang ome Supers wale for sever! hors before bag recciedby pole. Nery esoed om Ab wore taken to ret vileges. {S pensoners taken ote! to wat ora bus May motors ated on oo, cot end wa, legers Raped rn eestor oe, bu lage hal aa ose teoltes ade row coved EU Atm yearca toy nas ben aed a hao stir teu he moor colapsedon te foo and cami, Galo 999 Ho wastoofgtened to ge snare futon Srootes ele ote cpa that hs ‘runny wed wake up. Poice eced eases Src parece wort the house ou cout gt fe osha sicedon a boxand et trem i smother (Set hoses om are near conaton, was akon to hosp, where she mace aul recon. b Work in a group of three with students from ‘groups B and C. Listen to the two reporters’ presentations of their stories. Decide which should be the main story that day, and give reasons, 5A HH ps ‘a You are a personal assistant to a famous person. You are paid well, but these are some things you would like to change about your job. Think of any other ideas © You are expected tobe ‘on duty’ from @ am. unl midright x days a week, ® Your employer phones you on your day oft You have only one week's haliday every yaar © Yeunave not done any ofthe overseas Pavaling you ‘were promised ® The job advert asked for an educated pecson to ceganise your employer's diary. However, your job inc Clearing up after the dog, washing clothes ‘and babysting the chien, 'b_ Work with your partner. Complain about your hours and the kind of work you have to do and discuss how your situation could be improved.Footballin 2012. you might expect Neymar J. 0 be ull of ambition and hungry for succes. But seems that what has always driven him is his love of football. As a child, he was always trying co join older boys playing football in the street. “just lke playing ‘with the bal,” he says.“ always have. [play on the street even now. When we're on vacation (ir doesn't ‘matter where) Iwill go and look fora game.” “The face that he appears tobe keeping his feee on the ground, despite his succes, may be to do with family. His father, Neymar Sr, juggled three jobs to support his family. OF his father’s role, Neymar sys, "My father has been by my side since I was lide. He takes care of chings, my finances and my family.” Recruited by Santos FC in Brazil at che age of 11, Neymar Jc talent was spotted acan early age. Although he received offers from top European ‘clubs, Neymar decided to stay in Brazil. He went ‘on playing for Santos FC throughout hs teens. But staying at home has not meant keeping a low profile he is often in the media, not only for his footballing achievements, bt for his persona lf. In 2010 he hit the headlines when he aived on the pitch with a ‘Mohican haireu, and a year later he became a father. “Byerything in my life has happened very eatly, personally and professionally,” he said. "Tm always ning. Thave to.” P 7A Hi psa ‘@ Work with another student from Group A. You are in favour of closed prisons. You are concerned about the increase in crime and feel that the courts should 4lve tougher sentences to deter criminals. Make a list of reasons why closed prisons are the best way forward. b You are at a meeting to discuss how best to deal ‘wim crime. Work in groups of four with pair from Group B. Take turns to give your points of view. ‘© Decide which is the best way to deal with crime: ‘open or closed prisons, Tell the class what your group decided. Pair and Group Work: Student/Group A 78 El p72 ‘a. Work with another studert from Group A. Read these newspaper headlines. Choose two and add extra information, e.0. why you think the measures have been introduced and what will happen as a result. WARNINGS TO BE PUT ON COMPUTER GAMES Football boots outlawed 25 being Yoo dangerous Camera on beaches to monitor safe sunbathing levels Work with a student from Group B and tell your stories. What do you think zbout these issues? ‘© Work in the same pairs. Think of any other similar stories that have happened or could happen in the future 10A El pss ‘@ Work with another student from Group A. Read the talk below silently. Then prepare to give the talk by thinking about these features. (© ding tito speech units © marking the stress in each vnit ‘© marking word stress wherenecessary «thinking about connected soeech within units Potatoas are the work's fourt largest food crop, following rice, wheat and maize. The Inca Indians in Peru ‘were the fst to cutivatepotsies. n 1583, the Spanish ‘Conquistadors, who had conquered Peru, introduced ‘potatoes to Europe, Over the next four decades, potatoes ‘began to be widely cultvatodatong with oer stapia crops. “The Incas had mary uses fo ths vagetable besides food, {or instance, raw sioes of potato were placed on broken ‘bones io promote healing. In 1996, the potato became the fst vogetabie to be grown in space. NASA and the University of Wisconsin (USM) created the technology with ‘the goal of feadng astronauts on long space voyages, and ‘evel oF euiny ula spe Ulotes. b Take tums to practise giving the talk and check your ideas. ‘© Work with a student from Group B. Listen to your partner's talk. How clear was it? Give feedback, and. identify any pronunciation features which you think ‘could be improved.Pair and Group Work: Student/Group B 1C Hi pts fa Read definitions a-c. Make sure you understand them and can say them fluenty. be up for something ro want 10 do or try something: We're going clubbing this weekend. Are you up fori? bb talk shop when colleagues talk aboue work when they could be relaxing and having fun Even though it was « New Year party, Chris cand Ben spens all night talking shop. © lose your bottle when you no longer have the courage ra do something: J went to the dungee.jumping place but I lat my botte at the last mina, 'b You are going to give titee definitions of each Idiom to Group A: the correct definition and two false definitions. Work together to invent two false definitions and three example sentences for each Idiom, © Decide who is going to give the true definition and the false definitions for each idiom. Then rehearse ‘exactly what you are going to say. Remember you are all trying to convince Group A that your definition is. correct. d_ Work with students from Group A and follow these Instructions. Group A starts 1 Listen to Group A's defntions for idiom 1, Discuss which definition you think is correct. Ask Group Ao repeat their efaitons if necessary. 2 Tell Group A which deition you tink is correct. Say why you think tha other two definitions are fais, Group A then reads out he correct definition. Were you orect? 3 Give your definitons for iom a. Continue with the game Lntilboth groups have guessed three detions, ‘© Which group guessed the most correct definitions? pas ‘a Work with another student from Group B. You are reporters on a tabloid newspaper. Read this outline of ‘a possible lead story. 200 crivers trapped in cars and coaches on ABS in north Cf England lest right because of heavy snow and gales. ‘Snow came in very fast, no warning. Some occupants \waltod for several hours before being rescued by pote, Mary rescued from AGB were taken to nearby vilages. 45 pensioners taken to hotel to walt fora bus. Many ‘molorists arrived on foot, cold and wet. Vilagars hejped with refreshments, etc. but vllage hal had no sleeping ‘aciies. Roads naw closed. b Write a short frst paragraph and think of a dramatic photo. Make a note of what else you intend to include. Think of reasons why your story should make the ‘splash’ tomorrow. © Work in a group of three with students from groups. ‘Aand C. Take turns to present your story to the news editor and say why your story is the best. d Listen to the news editor's reasons for choosing one of the stories. 7B El pr ‘8 Work with another student from Group B. Read ‘these newspaper Readlines, Choose two and add extra information, ¢.g. why you think the measures have been introduced and what wil happen as a result. RFID tags soon to check how much food we have in cour fridge 3 Cameras in streets to monitor responsible pet ownership LOCAL FIREWORK DISPLAY CANCELLED “IN CASE OF POTENTIAL INJURY b Work in pairs with a student from Group A and tell each other your stories. What do you think about these iscues? ‘© Work in the same pairs. Think of any other similar stories that have happened or could happen in the future,3B El p30 ‘a Read extracts 4-6, Then answer these questions. ‘2. What i the adviow? Did it match any of your predictions? According to the research, how can the advice contribute to 8 person's wallbeing? ‘© What facts or figures if any, support the research? Eat dark chocolate. Athough dak choclate was once thought to be unhealthy, wit fs igh aes of co0oa beens iis now beled abe ood for youln maceration, wh esearch showing I can rede ood pressure ad ad Cholesiol Accorcng to reseerch at arverd Univers, fevonalds adr choclate reduce the fsk of yg tom heat ease by 20% BB ash your tet Not fy cows good dena hygiene fave par and eponsve fot the ders. kay aso prevent svokes"or her aac. Cokra Uversty {esearch based on wound 700 people ound tat nase Cer eseaeiest a en ene ota Of tioed vss that can nad to heart ata Laugh alot. Laughing reduces pin and abetas" fotors and aso prove he rrune stn. Fosbarcers have calculate tat aught urs Up Calo" ato ato of 231 amu. An average Gay's [eugiar gets of athe cabs na pepper plza “bloodpressure = the force wih which icos travel eund the boy rake ~ sen a ood vessel in the bran becomes locked or burt “dabetos Mabitia/ =. saieus deaais whan Dre istoo much gar to bood ‘momar systam = sstom by which your body hts diseases “cabra = .t for measuring the amount of energy fod produces 'b Work with the other people in your group. Take turns. to tell each other your answers to the questions. 7A Fd ps9 ‘2 Work with another student from Group B. You are In favour of open prisons. Because of recent advances In forensic science, more arrests are being made and there is a danger of overcrowding in prisons. Make a list Cf reasons wity there should be more open prisons for all categories of offenders. 'b You are at a meeting to discuss how best to deal with crime. Work in groups of four with a pair from. Group A. Take tums to give your point of view. Decide on the best way to deal with crime. © Decide which is the best way to deal with crime. Tell the class what your group decided. Pair and Group Work: Student/Group 8 paz ‘@ Work with another student from Group B. Look at inventions 3 and 4, Then discuss these questions. 1 What were these inventions supposed to do? 2 Why oid the inventors think thay would be popular? 8 What.do you think were the good and bad aspects ofthe Inventions? 4 Do you think they would be populer in your country? Why2/\Why not? Work with a student trom Group A and a student from Group C. Take turns to cescribe your inventions, ‘xplaining what they were supposed to do. The other students should try and draw what you have described. ‘The person who invented this obviously thought it would help office workers. It was supposed to © Compare your drawings with the original pictures (on p106 and pt1t. Decide which you think is the best and the weirdest invention.Pair and Group Work: Student/Group B 1 seated writing lyrics when I was 14, The biggest thing has been learning just to go on doing it~ co keep pressing on. [feel alone alot All youve gor is yourself, o if youtre not trying hard enough ot working your best it’s you who has co live with that, Tye always had an interest in music. As a person, you hope o get wherever you can, bue for me all ofthis is almost an accident. I regret to say that at school I was trouble— four times I was kicked cut of places. Ar my last school Iwas walking a tightrope, buc the music teacher let me stay there and encouraged me to experiment. Making beats went on to become my life, without me knowing it. IFT hadn't hhad music, I would have been on ehe streets. I was up tno good, anyway. Often, 'l be workinganysef uel I'm ill. 'm always trying c Find the next song, the next move, the nexe whatever, and worrying about it. Alot of the tiie [fel separated from my peers. I did't try co be ‘aole model. When I do the right thing, I hope I can. help, I always try o reach out. 108 El pto0 '@ Look at this picture of Felix Baumgartner land make notes on these questions, using modal verbs, 1 What do you think happened bafore this moment? 2 What do you think wl happen next? 3. What do you thnk Fol is thinking and fooling at this moment? b Take turns to show your photo to your (group and explain your ideas. Do you agree? Why2Why not? 5A I pas. 2 You are a famous person. You know thet your employee isnot entirely happy with his/her working Conditions. You don't want to lose him/her because otherwise you would have to pay for a housekeeper, babysitter and dog walker as well. Look atthe list of some things you know he/she would lke to change. Think of ways in which you are prepared to compromise, He/She is annoyed about having to work long hous in asieday weok © He/She hes ite hoday time. © He/She was expecting more administrative work and travel and ees domestic wore b Work with your partner. Tell him/her about the ways in which you are prepared to compromise. pgs ‘@ Work with another a student from Group B. Read the talk below silently, Then prepare to give the talk by thinking about these features. © dividing itinto speech units © rarking the stress in each unit © marking word stress where necessary «thinking about connected speech within units Salts so common nowadaye that itis eay to forget that ‘throughout history, thas been a highly pezed commocsy. Inthe nattoo-cistant past, wars were fought over its possession and chlsetions rose and flln pursuit of what ‘came tobe called ‘white gold. The ealy Romans controled ‘he price of sat and Reman solders were paidin sat. The ‘word ‘sl comes from the Latin word sal and the word 'salay’ comes from the Latin word salarum, which means payment in salt. Besides being used as a seasoning, the ‘discovery of salt as a wa to preserve food increased its value. This freed people ftom their dependency onthe ‘seasons avaiablity of food. b Take tums to practise giving the talk and check your ideas. © Work in pairs with a student from Group A. Listen to your partner's talk, How clear was it? Give feedback, and identify any pronunciation features which you think could be improved.Pair and Group Work: Other activities ‘a Work with another student from Group C. Look at inventions § and 6. Then discuss these questions. 11 What were these inventions supposed to do? 2 Why oi the inventors think they would be popular? 2 What do you think were the good and bed aspects ofthe irwentions? 4 Do you think they would be popularin your country? Why?/Why not? b Work with a student from Group A and a student from Group B. Take turns to describe your inventions, explaining what they were supposed to do. The other students should try and draw what you have described. ‘The person who invented this obviously ‘thought it was going to help commuters, Iwas supposed to ... © Compare your drawings with the original pictures: (on p106 and p109. Decide which you think is the best ‘and the weirdest invention 3B Ei p30 Read extracts 7-9, Then answer these questions. ‘4 Whatis the advice? Did it atch ary of your predictions? According tothe research, how can the advice contribute to a person's wel-being? What facts or figures, itary, support the esearch? Drink tea. Tea, both black and green, has bes ‘associated with a wide range of heath benefits, from helping to prevent heart disease and fl, tohair growth and ‘weight loss. A King's College study says thet three or more ‘cups a day reduce the risk of heart attack, and thers is ‘some evidence that It can improve mental performance, El cot pet. Laugier nkedo good oath and research showe at dog owershave eos! ggg dng he tay Pal cope canoe oat te ano estos ees Tal havnge oat con the lek ofc eR tcaom and hay fv Researchers a kun Gan Unwerelynvopan coda rar Soannute wats wha dog ao x mor efector hoa hal han gong fr wal on yur oun, EX chew gum. Not ontyis chewing gum good for orl heath Sepecsysugar-Fee gum but esearch at soo" Caledon Users shows tat people who chew gun tat fener crac ee 10% oor cles 0 ood forfocemasces end high ood pressure” and dlabetas: ‘And according toa report publehed bythe Univer of Michigan ching gum may prevent tooth decay. “eczama = asin contion hon the ska bocomes red and sors “calore= unit for measuring the fount of energy tat 0d wi produce “bloodpressure =the fore wth which blood travels ound the body “dlabetes/datbitin/ = a seccus diese n whieh tere 8 to much sugar you eos b. Work with the other people in your group. Take turns, to tell each other your answers to the questions.Pair and Group Work: Other activities, 5B Bl pso “Iris Andrews ‘Whar Ido is noching todo with talen, Ie’ a passion, have been passionate and aware and asked questions about the world for as long as I can remember but I only began to focus my energy on this stuff when 1 was 15.1 managed to get support from some of my peers by campaigning and holding assemblies and discussions Far from being voiceles and insignificant, young people have enormous power. If my generation could screw up just tiny bit less than previous generations and be slightly more conscious ofthe impact we have on our planet and our people, I'd be very happy. Doing this helps me to get a broader perspective con my own life. For me, the biggest struggle has been losing both parents when T was sila school Alehough I will ever forge losing them and how tha’ affected me, having opened my eyes to the bigger picture I can see now that this is nowhere near the end ofthe world. I often fel like 'm a complete fraud ~ chat 'm going to get found our soon ~ and that what I do isnt chat special or impressive. Tey ro | make my leele difference. Alot of people think I can. 4c Bi pas ‘a Work in pairs with a student from Group ©. ‘You are reporters on a tabloid newspaper. Read this outline of a possible lead story. ‘two-year-old boy has been hailed as ahero ter he ‘ound his mother collapsed on the floor and calmly clalled 999. He was too frightened to give his name but Joshua Brookes explained tothe operator that his mummy wouldnt wake up. Police raced their address. and paramecics want tothe house but coulda't get in, 80 Joshua stood on a box and let them in. Kis mother, Isobel, who eutfers from a rare heart concition, was taken to hospital, where she made a fll recovery. b Write a short first paragraph and think of a dramatic photo. Make a note of what else you intend to include in the story. Think of reasons why your story should make the ‘splash’ that day. ‘© Work in a group of three with students from {groups A and 8. Take turns to present your story to the news editor and say why your story is the best. Listen to the news editor's reasons for choosing cone of the stories. 108 Ei pt00 Look at this picture of Felix Baumgartner and make notes on these questions, using modal verbs. 11 What do you thnk happened before tis moment? 2 What do you thnk wil happen next? 8. What do you thin moment? xs thinking and feeling at this, b Take turns to show your photo to your group and ‘explain your ideas. Do you agree? Why2/Why not? 3B El p30 {Read extracts 10-12. Then answer these questions. 4. Whats the advice? Dit match any of your precetone? How can the achice contribute towel being? € What facts or fgures, any, support the research? TH Eat sn, very rare you near anything negative about tating fan That's because according to mare than 10000 ‘aces of eceac, fh andi os can proc you rom Great jst about evrything, fom bad backs to asta ffean als conto thea ban coe and good eit One etd ehowe that women wo ea ch dha pregnancy may have cevrer hic, Take up singing. Choral sinaiig increases immunty, reduces depression, improves cognitive function" and ‘mood, end increases feelings of wel-being esearch shows that singing helps peopie cope better with chronic pain, lowers stress lvels and boosts the mune eyston. Get marie. Setom do people associate berg ares (at bog say. omens arog a god manage cn tors your le tecce ek cleats, a cat lower ood pressure One ty shows tat mavd men {20 70% more ay eee: ‘asthma = neg het causes breathing atcutes ‘age ineten = aby rink ‘immune system = stam by which your body fights isnasee 'b Work with the other people in your group. Take turns. to tell each other your answers to the questions,‘When I fis ook up riding ae the age of sx, it was just canto mike pliysiorerapy fa would have w do ten different exercises jus to loosen up my muscles, because they ge relly tight. Riding really helps. Cerebral palsy has affected all my limbs, so I find coordination difficult. Dresage is about many things ~ beaury, grace, movement ~ But above alli means coordinating all of your body in order ro contro the horse, right down to the most specific movements. Ie’ just an amazing feeling Ichas been hard on my family. When I compete, 1 gee really intense and argue with Mumm. She's done very well ro put up with cha, especially as she's allergic to horses! Bue competing has turned my life around. I used to be quite shy and self-conscious. Tye always been quite determined and not let anything ge in my way. Unless you have the mindset its no use having the ability to do a spore. I don't anything sop me. Buc I don forget ave a good time ‘00, [stil go out dubbing with my mates. Ym anormal My anthem is Don Stop Me Now by Queen. 7C EA p75 ‘@ Work on your own. You are Emma. You are going to be interviewed by a police officer. Read this information and add your own ideas. You wore surprised when Mike turned up, and he ‘seemed strange, (In what way?) ‘© You hadn't saen him fora long time before that day. (How long?) (© Mike seemed to be doing wel at work —ne was wearing new clothes and had a new phone. (What ic you think?) ‘© You offered to make you both some pasta but he seemed very eager to go out and get pizza. (What did ‘you say to him?) ‘© He was a longtime getting back — he said there'd been 1 queve for pizzas, (© He insisted on staying t your house unt late. You ‘count understand why, especially as he obviously dint want to wateh TV. (Why? What do you think he wanted} b Work with your partner. Answer the police officer's questions. ‘© Work in groups of four. Have you changed your mind about whether Mike is guity or not? Discuss the evidence, Pair and Group Work: Other activities 10B (i pt00 1 Read the extract and answer these questions. 2 What did Baumgartner find most aifcul? b What ishis ‘message’? Despite is dared image, Baumgartner was plagued by coubts ‘thrcughout his adventure. "The worry i | wont fy supersonic, in the worst-case scenare, Im nt as fast as oe Kitinger was 1960. ‘You have o empl tothe word tha, 52 years ter, you'e slower ‘than Joe. t's another pressure. don hink peopl et what t means {odo something when the whol wo watching you” ‘As Baungarer fad towards tho 24 mio-igh mark~ took ‘almost thre hours fr the balon to it his capsuo nin space — is ‘sor began to coud as he exaled. The prospect of doing the jmp “raf bin’treatenod the mission, and he had to endure various tests befor was established that his equipment was working. Once head let his capsule, he began to whi through space at speed ‘which sent him into an inevitable sin. “Thad one minute to ed a souton While sping 'm thinking, “Should push the button to release my rogue chu, ost ‘hat spin? But that would mean i's over and not gong to ty ‘supersonic so shoud | tough tout anid solution?" | had io ‘maintain my cool and thats what ve boon ding forthe ast 25 years ~ being focused and not freaking out" Suprsngy, Baumgarinors ‘main concern was not aout personal safety, but about fang to each a supersonic fing speed. Inthe end it as OK, but was fou, nd that’s why Jo held the record for 52 years. Lots of people underestimate > ‘Baumgartner thks Nard. when asked about his jump's sweetest ‘moment. "ad a cou of good moments” ne eventual says, “One was standing with my feet outside the capsule just before | topped if, We'd boen working towards that for ive years. As Soon a8 as standing tare — completly leased fram al he cables ~ | knew twas gong to happen That was a big rele and a realy unique, ‘outstanding moment. Ard then when you open our parachute, you ‘ow its over ~ stil ave! Nike Todd (his fe support engine vas the last person | sawbefre going up. He sad, OK, see you on ‘the ground, but’ But you could lhe wast 100% sure. wasnt ‘her We prepare forthe worst, but hope forthe best. And then, tree hous later, Mike isthe guy se rst afte i’ al over. Mike ‘wore about me ik I'm his son. But when he's happy, he looks 16 sain. | was looking forward o sen that smb” So, how wila man consumed by outrageous challenges rekindle the intensity of is space jump? "dont hae to," e els, contig is plan to became 3 reccue haoope lt." eacheds pak a det hae top itagain” Baumgartner i aware that many see him purely asa daredevil who conquered space, bute hopes o draw attention to an tinary man wo conquered his oun demons in order to achieve is greatest ambition, Ashe say, “hat's an even bigger message than fig supersonic’ 2 Read the extract again and make notes on these topics. 1 Joe Kitinger 2 Baumgartners visor 3 spinning in space 4 two.good moments 5 Mke Todd 66 future planeExtra Practice 1 1A 6 IE Repzce the wor in te with ‘these words/phrases, Use the correct form of the vero. haearow bicker ‘come into contact wth sgrumbie butt in overnoar c0ssip 1, Doyou often hear people arguing in public? having a row 2 Doyou thinkit's rude to interrupt when someone's taking? 3 Doyau ever complain about work to your friends? 4 Doyou know any couples who continually argue about unimportant things? 5 Doyou meet and communicate with meny English-speaking people on a day-to-day basis? Have you ever accidentally heard people taking about you 8 person you know? 7 Doyou tics to talk about people's private lives? Choose he best ending, #orb, foreach sentence. 1 Didyou go torock estials & 2: Haveyou been to anyone festa a 2 inholast ow monte? b inyour tens? 2 So ter is mong 4 This morning «8 three people phoned about ‘the Jo. » three pople hava phoned about the jb. 5 | road three of his books 6 Iveread four ot his books ‘last summer, during he last fow weeks, 7 When I've sold my car 8 When | sold my car 4 Il just use public transport. ' just used public transport. choose the correct ver forms. Sometimes both are possible. 1 She Gorka /’s worked at home yesterday 2. During last righ’ pertoerance, several people waka walked out. 3 She-came/'s been here a lot this month 4 Once Imat/ve mat her lrealy Ikea her '5 Ie boen skiing twice since | ‘saw/'ve seen you ast i Fitin the gaps wit the correct form ofthe vers in brackets. Uso the Past Simpio or the Present Perfect, There is sometimes more than one possible answer ‘The flat above mine ‘has been (be) emt evr since |= (mova) ox months ago. Buta few poop? (see t recent a tees more pope : (aay come) 0 see this moming. | (bu it) ong ot hem as was going ou. She” {wor in Oubal ovr te ast ew Ye. Apparent, up uni row she” (always prefen) working abroad, but she . (recently oer) a great job here. Anyway, this isthe first time she ® (ty) 0 buy fl hope she gets it. Then ater she * (move) in, init her round for dinner. 1B pio Ei choose the corect prepositions 1 Are youbusy?Imon(l) a ose fn tight 2. Imonlat very good ters wth al my neighbours. 2. She baught alot of clothes oniat random 4 Heleft is job ona short notice. 5 According to police, burglaries fare ont the increase, Language Summary 1 p134 ED Rewrite these sentences to emphasise the word n bol + lamvery cose to my oder totor ttre paer) The person who Im closest to is my older sister 2 They sold the house (oat ney de) 2 Wewwereresoonsbie. 4 She's red because she dt 0 to bed uth 2 arm (The reason} Sor sta exercising unt I reached 40) 6 cant stan ed foo.) 1C pia Ed Compete these sayings 1 Pome wesnt butina day 2 Once ction, ice 3 Actions louder than words 4 Oneman's is another mar's poison, 5 Nothing ventured, nothing 6 Batter than never, azet Tick the things you can do in English, > Lan describe cteront ways of communeating [¥ rean tak about the present and the past using a varety of time expressions I can understand an ert in ‘which the writer expresses @ specie point of view ‘can use various structures to ‘emphasise important or new infomation. > can use crcumiation and paraphrasing 6 carly what mec, What do you need to study again? See Self-study DVD-ROM 1Extra Practice 2 Language Summary 2 p137 2A pis 2B p20 Gi Read tne story. Tick the groups of agjactives 1-6 that are in the Ed Farin to gaps wh hese EL « Complete these sentences Comes order. Corec the groups aR eee with a present participle, a past ‘which are not, (ceephy biter articiple or a perfect participle, When Iwas 14, my parents want on Lely entaty at hoidayor a weok and was sant to 7 1 Eaten_in moderation, stay in a(n) 'beautiful, big old “ dleeply ‘rustrated when tm cnoeote is good for nove fh the county with some ae eter wie ee distant relatives. My cousin Linda's suck na vatfe jam. 2 in restaurants all week, ate Come 21 temember my frst day at Ley prefers to cook for hese ieee eee Oe a ee “wide, xtraordinary emerald 3 lalways fee! disappointed 3 aun 8 big kno esrtier green eyes and “dark, shiny long: ‘when my country oses an Soa, Soi ey hair remember evenings around important football match, cine. the §wooden, round kitchen table, 4 1___ agree that en and seo “The follwing summer, | went back, women should have equal 4 ‘the flm three times ‘but Anna had fallen in love with a(n) ‘opportunities, ‘alraady, she decided to give it talian, tall dark-haired pilst, 50 amis. I had chanco! ceeply highly 5 her exboytriend firly completly approaching, sheranandhid. 20 pag 7 ° froma distance, sho ee looks like a 20-year-old! Ed Complete these words to eee ae read describe places. 6 |___ believe that ite improves rons 7 teinsctors wea + spect cr ‘began to assemble the dos Aue TI regret some of the things Dean 2 a J ve done in my lite. 6 nat laud, the poem 3 Ast and ut . sounded much beter. 8 1 __ agree with ry country’s swnig policy on green issues, : the report so cule, 6 Lhe I issed alot of mistakes. =H i Fillin the gaps with these Seat 6 hetg poraees. 10 ‘the chance, I'd love to eT CES S| learn now to sk bbyhich both of whom . perl ay te eed rae! Dens iwi on ices immediately regratted ter Sie) eee decision. Tick the things you can do a =. ac myself an extra day, | in English. 1 The date by which albills must tale bet atie fet is a (} ean define and give extra ‘be paid is the 30” of the month. b Rewrite sentences 1-12 information in a formal and 2 The person: discussed in 3a using if, because, after, ___ leformal way. the Sate denied al knowedge ttc. Make any other necessary } can emphasise verbs and 3 I've got two sisters, are changes. adjectives using a range of younger than me. Ittis eaten in moderation, sepenit ac 4 Thera are saven Harry Potter chocolat is 900d for you. can identity pots of detain toe Noread yet = complecnewepacer ae '5 You have al boon vary kind, lean wte concise descriptions Vim deeply raat using Complex clauses 6 My tvourte singaris Eis, lean describe places in detail my son was named. Ling accurate adjocve ore 7 Lam grateful to Jack Torry, research |largely depended for ths book, What do you need to study again? See Self-study DVD-ROM 2. 8 | bought myset sx games, wore reduced by 10%.Extra Practice 3 Language Summary 3 p141 3A p26 Ei Rewrite sentences 1-5 using 3C pas these ph m Ei Match the adjectives and ee eee, Gl Replace the words/phrases in phrases. bold with these euphemisms. feriyenee not unt nat nk ——= (wemge =) ara they metovous ougoing ene att on the chily side ivccat: Suaaeal uw roumstances bbe economical with the truth — bit ofa han 1 does ot ear top thm rom 1 we on soon him tishappy senor sere daing dangerous or ctcut — ‘ating ona bt things courageous: ipo hare amay i ee, behind the times Saree ee te pepe 2 | wasn't just stressed out, | was eee, ‘oe getting ik 1. The work Im doing at 2 Inevr once thought 3 enoy themomet i very 4 pay attention to deta having a dog, bt t's goat aitfeut.chatering respecttul and polite 4 You should never agree to do 2 Al's a naughty and difficult 8 not knowing about the overtime for nothing. child to look after. weerrtne bh & = didn't realise it was Jin til she 3. Simon tends to He. 7 caret wth money spoke, 4 Myca’s od Bd Putthe words in order Ei Filin the gaps with the subject if biter ceed ae Ld 1 ves /My wife /1/ when /it/ and the correet form ofthe verb Fp leeetliead became tek ie quite colin hr, ith My wife loves it when I laugh 1 Only once before have climbed Poe eed 2 Holy /s00n/2100/ Sicha mau me) a impossoe/10 gat eased / 2. Netonw, tho in, Feet iest doo wes Ii enjoy the meal after 3 would / wonderful /have /to/ elec hat) 1 be / more tree te 2 Under no crcumstances 4 / ere / came round ove /it/ ‘car without Ta/ you/to/ vist often inaurance (anyone should dive) 5 theheating/ cous / appreciate / 4 Not until she explained ee eed you 1/18/tam down t agan what hac © concentate there's /I/ fd / 0 rappened, (understand) ei te Tee it when / music on 5 Only by chance co ea et tickets forthe concert. (we a manage) } ean describe people's 3B ps0 ae) — charactor using a wide range Ed Complete the phrasal verbs. a8 good as Henry. you fa) _ teen 7 Only when Mark walked through P | Can read, understand enc down up (x3) on (x2) ‘the door, lomet ‘sumematien information etscut out around him before. (I realise} acai L ° Gina: . Ican recognise structures used 1) Rachels gone _down with fu, ply sport on a regular basis. (we {or emphasis in more formal/ but the doctor hasn't put her begin} ierary lenguage. antvotes earn itr tcan understand some 2 Jake seams to pick every beautiful sunset. (I see) ‘eupheristic expressions bug tats going 10. Seldom to sleep > Hoan express my ideas actly 2. can't eat strawberes. My ace efor micnight. (he go) shen necessary swelg—andicome sits inarash 4A You sound blocked 8B Yes, Ithink Ihave a cold ‘coming ‘What do you need to study again? See Self-study DVD-ROM 3.Extra Practice 4 40 996 Choose the correct words 1 reaci@cai9 tof coverage 2 holdimake a press coerenoe 2 seakisse pubicty 4 nniita sory 5 olouiesve he rews recover tre headlines 7 seotisue fore 1 choose the correct ver form, Sometimes both are possible. 1 Manays on me vege of” rate in five Jears’ time. 2: The ils about to start 8 Cres on he brik of havrg/ is de to have her baby ne 4 These now companys x o/ bound to make arf hs year. 8 They ao untelto/prabably not garg 0 ofr apy ee. Pres oe fting/re sto fan treet month or 0, 7 Hes on te potof oping! sent apply tr unr Ed Fitin the gaps with these prompts, Use the corect form of the verb. setévige about/ sion verge turn back to/sette for due /retie Leese es torise 1 Interest rates are s by 1%, 2 Liverpool's chet of police ‘after 40 years of 8 Everest's youngest climbers because of poor ‘washer conditions. 4 The singer, Migs, ‘naw recording deal for £10, rion 5 Tha Wiorkars' Union ‘810% pay ise, 4B p40 i Cross out the wrong word. 1 Tats a bigtugeange mista, 2 ove watchngoaang at 3 enoyitetclearn anquages 4 Ina ver eroseminous/anay. 4: He's 0 cougeousfokless sucha good ua = iaten words 1-7 with near synonyms @-9. 1 make — a tet 2 mute 0 force 3 mo ¢ oty 4 alow enoy S uber @ exasperate @ fend + lerge 7 huge og mote b Complete these sentences with the correct form of words from Sa, Sometimes there is ‘more than one possible answer. 1 (realy love urban/city tf. 2 Dave's gota __problem vith his boss, 8 Someone lft a message for you, Madam. She said she was a ofyours. 4 His behaviour _me at times, He's so sesh 6 | tolisten to music 6 They ___motelltnem everything | knew about wnat Jason had done. 7 Iwas to leave work eat. i Teck tne comect sentences. Then correct the mistakes. 41 Kall 8 going to come, but her car broke down 2 thad no ea tht wil be exevstng! 3 You\e nsec Wasnt Dave Sunposed te you han? 4 Fmaboutto ae te reve when Irememeedou ere coming f Imevgcosesto cal my ster beter she et but Horgot 6 Wo we stn ote! nar the beech, bur cose cov, 1 Tat cy, he mado a decison Tratne would eye reve, Language Summary 4 p144 EB) Reed the story. Then iin the <8 withthe correct form ofthe Bhrases in brackets Lest Saturday Brigt and | “were fo meet up (meet up) In town and join the anti-war ‘demonsiation. She * (supposed to cal fom the station ‘out she did't | waited an hour then oecided 13 ‘ul not stay) any longer. However, ust 28 ‘ (about to leave) another friend shouted my name Ididn't know he & (going to be) there. Anyway, wa dacided we 5 (lon) the march. “Then two minutes later saw my brother and his girtriend Uhad no idea they 7 (oing to demonstrate) ether. Ten ‘minutes ater that, | saw Brigit Apparently, she ® (ust {going to call me when | spotted Fer. There were two millon people (on that marc. k's hard to believe thatthe fv of us ® (wi ‘bump into each other, but we did ects! Tick the things you can do in English | can recognise and use phrases which refer tothe future can keep up with an anmatad dlecussion > Lan ident near synonyms Ina complex text. can talk about the future when seen from @ pont in the past can recognise and discuss dittorent styies of newspaper. What do you need to study again? SeeExtra Practice 5 5A p46 cross out he word that doesnt maton the pret super weman/-ehecea tet acon-crlferous counter bance fot-atack inter actorfocked noied over wortedlamoushrend under eoteeance/pats Bh Texte conect sentances. Cones he mistakes 1 tere roortant to concent yous when anne. 2 He cant comehisal ut he fncarepesenabe 4: Shal ve met cwsehes ouside trecnena? 4 Tre verti opentopecpe sven ceyouset 5. eyoueolng yours toe? 6 Pac fot te top Yours fd, 1 ik el betertake auger wt myst 8 Heri shave hime tis rromng He wertiote basbe’s 5B ps0 Ed Fitin the gaps wih the correct verb form, 1 90109h@ 2 Mawar eget going ebroed torte fs tne Imalwaystxgting to 90 rena 2 toteliteling 2 lroget you ttm lenin he coma. Irae ry bees what ought of im 2 toaolaoing a Taking up the iar mans lots of practic. Ive baen meaning ‘computer course for ages to study/studying ‘Inthe future probably go.on ‘anew subject such as business, 'b At school found it hard to go on ‘math, because was hopeless at it choose the corect words prrases. 1 a ‘ 5 6 ® @omB/g0t a decision gain/do an insight 0p ator university look into“n diferent options tako/mako some time out {0 fo/on courses, ‘make/do work experiance ‘work atfout what to do 5C p54 i Mtch sentence beginnings 1-7 to-sontence endings aa 1 My job could be described as ‘run-of-the-mill, because ‘There are lots of perks with iy fo, even if don't eam a fortune — 1m snowed under athe moment ~ |'m propared to work against the clock, | don't want to eam a pittance ‘even tit meane | can take it easy - ve woxked here for 20 years ant feel stuck in arut~ I'mnot a team-player, realy, Ive taken an too much work. | get a comeany car, tree lunches and gym membership. | nged to revain and do @ aiferent kd of]0b, Ist behind a desk ding undemanding work. | don't mind deadlines as long 25 the jos flexible. [doreer a high-powered, well-paid joo. Idoreter to be sett-employed. Language Summary 5 p146 Complete he conversation ‘mention precisely always sue dubious mean got cisagres back — tying ‘A. Eating ready mals makes ita easier, but theyre expensive, not to” mention unheatty. 8 What do you? _when you say unhealthy’? ‘A What? tosayisits healthier to cook your own food, 8 Realy? 1A You look * 8 Imnot® __youcan say's healthier to 030k your own food, My cooking baat! A Youve? me there! ‘Anyway, to got? to what | was saying, young people sould learn to cook B Wel, Icant® with that. ‘ever learned. Of course, tnere's . the argument that | should teach myself, but | never have the time, That's why | uy ready meals. I's easier A Thats what I mean. Pi Senet “Tick the things you can do in English, can recognise and use prafas Which have mutiple meanings. can take partin a discussion ‘on education and express my Ideas clear. > can eummarise a complex ‘writen text concisely, |.can follow an extended Informal monologue even wren It not clearly structure, Ican use arange of ‘conversational svategies appropritey What do you need to study again? See Sel-study DVD-ROM 5.Extra Practice 6 Language Summary 6 p149 6A ps6 5 a Traveling by pianeisn'thafas J Put the adverbials in brackets ‘stressful as driving, in the correct place in these I Fitin tho gaps with a word which ance i Seines ema b Traveling by plane is mies (pa Delusetiiy ce settee move stvestul than driving 1) Obviously | cise You may need to change the having to do housework com oer 6B fat weekends; always; ebviousty) 1 a really like Louise, she is 0 p60 2 Iwi do the run sreet. and Wendy. Ey Fitin the gaps with these words. toralee money or cary. b lant dnkte with sugar— ee ee eet tbrobebiy: on Sturdy) Ike much too, sweat [tort break leave off a ‘one of my essays wil 2 Lote get you acter coke | pounes " peret every be ished that one must be —ee (Getty: by then: ony) bynow 1+ 1heep going back and forth 4 imycar__bresks b Lie seems att __ now between the two options own thot ory a te excterent is oe" 2 You can teat chien athe waming; annoying eter} 3 a I won't be long, I'm just on my ‘same. Each and cone is. ‘5 That actress is more cofee ditto popular than her brother bb Haveyou ever 2 usualy have cote for (even: these days) helen? ‘reakast bu tobe honest can 8 its___going to 4 a eeealgay, faletor Snow emorrow— even fogh paper forthe photocopier? 4. incsress is pat and ito March, (efnitey: surprsngh) » De aN a aes oh of modem fe 71 __ book my Fights cheese and onion? 5 Inmyopicion, the crocs of because saves aot of money 68 Which offngustes susie can make or (gereraly:inacvance) iteresis you most? party. 8 Shewods inthe offee The company | work fre «| thekcry English vocabulary en Fieys ator tre word, has mprovedin leaps and (eves; evry cy) Ey Look at these pairs of 7 | goto the gymonand sentences, Do they have the Same meaning? Ifnot, whatis Z| Read the conversation and look ‘the cifference? at the adverbils in bold. Tck the adverbias that aren the correct + Eating at home costs much frente aig on postion. Corect the mistakes. b Eating at home costs pretty. ‘A Hii, Clare, 've been trying to get Tick the things you can do much the sae as eating out nol of you al orig. in Engi. Both sentences have the seme 8 Soy, ve been at the Town pee Scan compere thigs nth meaning. [Hello s00 Monica's show. an informal and formal way. 2 @ Organic food is significantly ‘A Was it good? {>} tan understand words with ‘more expensive than aon 2 thought sho brant ferent bt related meanings organ food performed, especialy Given tho eee ee b Organic food barely more [Ecc ofehoaral time. The ony CP lengere expensive than non-organte ‘robles we hada power cu. seer food. Unfortunately, often het iene 2 & Haung cata manly rappers! KW wy er eoneonteneaae feaser an having 2 dog, 8 Are you gong to se the show? a Having a cats dtinty 1s Yes, fl go probably and soe —} Veen tow eat eereietarey nut Posey con get CF teanttow onaaned 4 a Theme pars ae way more tenes a funthan museums. 2 Yes, thnks very day on pesca car Theme parks ae loads more Ua the end of March What do you need to Sinan museure, study again? See oe Setetudy DVD-ROM 6.Extra Practice 7 Language Summary 7 p152 TA p66 Ed Filinthe gaps with the correct «7G pra ED Fite cope wth thee wort) Mot tReverDin rackets oa satances wth rene polka bates 1 If¥invested that money, we [rove into round at pate sing (2 on ‘bight crack ty storm | | away through my own back is freeze food dawn vam | 2 ft hac ost my keys, eel I've never got * round to learning (give) you a lift. But I'm afraid 1. Myroomis small but bright how to cook, even though Ive ‘can't find them. 2 Wagot avery ‘weloome Sesoepsamore ge 3 atone Woot avon cineipnetermantihoel 4 insntinaracannecane ——® Mespaawll ota te won't be able to get >with loan, {not nave) this oar. pend atta it forever. My friends are always 5 If Jess wasn't so lazy, she a getting * ‘me about how lazy. (finish) he rsework. 4 Fiheeanymen een! how much time they waste in the i) yeu nee ery saves We ‘5 The pyramids have been there kitchen. However, all the publicity (rt be} so tate now since the of civilisation, aa Oiaeers) ea Ce Feolssupeiioee” 7B el jo cana Flin te gap wth nse si ue fares Seasaiiniinoun, 7 Mee petty The Bi choose tte covet rs «fan isa wn ive rete. aes eatery maine aEoN into town later, Shel post this. 1 Take your coat. There's going to oe ee 2 That wasn't bad driving, but if 2 Because the roads were busy YoU had taken/been taking your we missed kick: eco, See ‘careful than that. ‘began when Julie was very ters eo Bait og aeipe eee: a ee, |. kanaeeas Tica dae Scho a aeten mre een | pate’ should use cold weter, caine I can understand a radio 5. Ifyou'd been talling/told me 5 Try and reduce your take interview in detail and make about your problem, I'd have of saturated fat. ‘notes on it, helped you , + fan undersond and use es IE Fitinthe gaps withthe correct EP le See cee mastase, et rmorthe won nace sreeeciroerreet 7 They wouldn't have caught the Tete eecrgeiee tiers tat) ican report information in an burglar he hadn't dropped gre pees weve The vette Impersonal way using 2 range bier aha dar er ispein 8 Ifthe police were hoping/hoped 1 Recently burglaries ‘can identity and use a vari eee a mbit ee cnr nasty oor eee a Ae aS ea a Hass i arrange of iomatic and 3 Mike and Jane a divorce. meray ee SIGUPRN: (rumour / seek) eae ees What do you need to ferent study again? See apres (£8. Selt-study DVD-ROM 7.Extra Practice 8 8A p76 EI Mton sentence beginnings 1-8 with sentence endings a-h 1 Thetightis ten, 50 we eave steven, 2 Tee yourtine— 2 My parents used to che me sucha hard me 4 Wieve very otferent usualy put thage of 5. m0 busy hase cays, {Wie cart move nt the mew ft v8 7 Tye goto te for Suzy = 8 fs onya mater oftine 18 belore there's another ol crisis, 2 but for Joe there's no time tke the presont. © well got ther in plonty of time, ©. but really must make time to ‘860 my paras. there's no need to hurry 1 for not studying enough. 9 sofor the time beng we'e staying with my brother, hn asfaras im concemed she's lazy and setish Tick tne correct sentences. Then correct the mistakes, Sometimes there is move than one possible fnswer. =o 1 rather people Som ro iter inthe siroots. 2d sooner travel car than by us 2. Te pretermore peonie were ‘nvronmentaty corscleus 4 f'shigh te people sto using carsin ces, 5. dratnar my family pend move tine toga 6 proto ti people don uso ther moti on pubic anspor. its tne Inada oly Fd proarve naar tothe sea 1 Fritin the gaps wth the corroct form of the verbs in brackets 1A IeOK # cay he eveing woul you praor me ‘o.com round corer? (come oun @ dearer you this afternoon (cone) 2. What weud you preter this evening 99 out fra meal or stay in? (do) B scone afm, setualy (sa) 8A Look, isn't it about te you toyour sister? (apologise) What for? | know she'd rather 1 _the frst move, but, she started the argument (make) 4A Youlook exhausted. I's high time you __abreak tom work, (have) 8 Mdprefer__ this, hen! ‘can forget about. frig) 5A It'stime the kids and | home, Thanks for ooking after them. (go) B A pleasure. Shal | get you 8a tax, or would you prefer init youa tittothe Station? (give) 6A Vince says i's time for him on. So, he's leaving this Friday. move) B Yes, kaw. ed prefer itithe ‘though. (stay) 8B ps0 Ed Rewrite thase sentences. Begin with the words in brackets 1 Ion krow who made tis ake, but hey must havea ret rece. (Whoeve!) Whoever made this cake must hhave a great recipe. 2. Youcan rey on me or anytring tat needs doing. (Wnetever 13 No matter how many tmas wash my hack ay looks ‘rey. (However) 4 Itdoesrt mater what you do, ont tl my mun vest her camera. (Whatever Language Summary 8 p156 6 It doesn't matter which road you take to gett te station, it {ake the game amount of time, (Whichoven 6 Goat know who wrota this, but they certainly can't spa (Whoaven 7 ftdoesn't matter when | fing Mick, he's aways out (Whenever Complete these sentences with the correct form of the words in brackets. 1. Imquitea moody person, ‘especialy in the marings. (rood) 2 He —_leftat 1pm. in) 3 Thereareplansto the ‘motorway in order to cut watt Jams. (de) 4 Thowsastiong _ sho will be promoted, (possibe) 5 Shesanexemely person. (create) 6 Thee arealotof__ events herein the spring cuture) 7 (need to ____ the situation can you tal me exactly what happened? (clear) rere ee eat) Tick the things you can do in English. | can recognise and use past verb forms which reer to present or future ime. can use sues to change ‘word trom one form to anathar, |can describe people's feelings and emotions. ean understand a madam poem. can surnmarise the resuts of a sun |} What do you need to study again? See ‘Self-study DVD-ROM 8.Extra Practice 9 Language Summary 9 p158 9A p96 9B pao i Choose the correct words n these sentences. Somatimes EI Fitin tne gaps wih these words, Complete definitions 1-7. ness eatnee fore tap rooney worty prot ian fee 1 H's 20 focurata. He hs fon! hat etectie over ie WoekedCaa: problems compared o me. 2 T¥o got a/ano fend who realy 1 How could he ator to buy tat 1 Someone you can ust lear ear aout money. ca? Roost a fortune complete is st worthy 4 Mest met Max nef cy st 2 expected 0 cot alot 2 Someone wih ert ferean summer. mor, butts peed fyeahes geen yen 4 fmso busy lon nave nef 4 twas criginaly 60, but | pti 2 Something you can afoais toe ay aeek prea 620 ato 5 She’ warn te, so acy 4 Excuse me, this hasn't got a 4 Someone who considers safety here's tetie/a fie chence she'll price ‘How much is it? is important is satety- ‘be home before eight. 5 Underfloor heating is a very ‘5 When an iliness is due to stress. 6 Quite few/a few people | know cost. way of heating itisastess- ‘hess. upload their photos to the your home, 6 Aroom that doesn't let sound in = Thats ___ prea soon rodleascind room cheaper elsewhere. 7 Aplace where you can't smoke 9C p94 (saemoe enonment EI Choose the corect vert orm, Ei choose the conect words er ee Ed Filtin the gaps with a/an, the, 7 fave you near that Maia one or no article (-). Sometimes 2 renenableevetoping eneray ‘cok looking for anew ob? there Is more than one answer. 5 ota © OnE a Ta malay yar po ae 4 developing esources/oountries \sed to wal? long dstenoes Tove They have/¥e having th wn from? lage banter saling fo, morlnperne ‘umture business, patra hi alee 4 expect expecting you oy was oven? blyce, © ‘be vary tad ator sucha long villagers went to® Zen master journey. ‘and cai, This © wondertl awe '5 There's someone atthe door. thing to happen to" __ boy = ‘Are you expecting Do you few chron rom ths lage expoct anyone? willeverget © chance to oan Tick the things you can do a eid eters aah ry hase “pore” © — Zenmasir in Engish. 7 Tmcarensnonpey — MSMatAgR |, Ten ttonco actin comorabe aeevpke end broke ™ leg —etwoon a group of people & A think’ thinking he's very 120 inary was serous. (7 ean tak about complex issues controling igus wero en lade — concerning money and thence 8 Yes, |500/'m saoing what you ardca9, "ett? tere ting > Lean recognise when the simoie mean. the boy has broken ® leg?” cor continuous form ofa verb 9 That doasn't isn't tng in the 25" Zen master said, “Lat’s wait __ can change its meaning kitchen. tt’ too big. inc ae Than few months > tan recogrise and use suffixes 40. She aopears/s appearing ina later, 27 __ country went fo war wt wich have meaning. ew prodton oF Ham arabes cout ad [5 tean folow a snort presentation 11 Reppeare eppesrng youre ng 2NEN age one stray Sema ot right He's going to resign, eared bbe familar with ‘young man, wasn't allowed to join 2 |can plan and give a talk on a Because ofhsinry.*—vlagers sujet | ar fiir wth, went to® Zen master and sai, ‘isnt it? wondertl thing he doesn't have to go to war?" "Let's walt and 669" said the Zen master. ‘What do you need to study again? See Self-study DVD-ROM 9,Extra Practice 10 10A p96 EI Tick tho coroct sentences. Then correct the mistakes. Eating fish ef good for you. Have the mal arved yer? “The police ae on their way Only fow poopie has artved, “The news today ae very bad. “Tha public are vating today. ‘Anything ae better than school! “The team was wiring unt haltime, 1 Fitin te gaps win tneprosent foxm of te verbs in brackets. 2 108 Both of my parents prefer 809s 10 cats. (rete) Everyone __that economics a realy interesting subject. (say; be) Felives ofwater too ‘uch to drinkin one dy. be) Mathemates nota subject | enjoy at al. (be) The army in my country peopl rom the age of 16. (recruit) The staf _relly tend (soem) too Ey ite ne opposite of phrases 1-10 using the words in the box. ‘ong smooth ch wet calm short sweat patterned dark weak a gente/ strong wind plain food dp wine arough’ surface aplaiy shirt astrong/__ coffee alight colour ata” person rough) sea adry/__ day (Choose the correct adjectives to ‘complete the collocations. 1 Ive in quite a young’ buleing — it was only bul years ago. 2 There sa faint/weak possioity that | might be promoted next month, 8 Ihave a smooth/elear idea about ‘what's going to happen next 4 Ws best not tohave a heavy/ strang meal too late in the evening. 5 Thare are no skyscrapers where {va ~ the buldings all tend to be very shorton. 8 think the storm nas passed — there's jst al) easy/gentie wind blowing now. ‘Work in pairs. Look at the modal verbs in bold and explain their meanings in context. 1. a He must hate that ob, | ‘wouldr't o it forthe wor. ‘am sure he hates that job. bb You must ty to be more punctual. want you tobe ‘more punctual, 2 a He won't have paid yet »b He might not have paid yet 2 We should have bought ner that violin, but we coulan't atordit »b She should be back soon, Why don't you wat? 4a Joho will stil be sleeping ‘now. He gets up late They'll have eaten by now. Wt 3 oclock. 5 a They couldn'thave left aloady. 'b Leouldn't sim unt | was sx 8 & Lucy wouldn't ioget to ‘phone. 'b He wouldn't often talk about Fis experiences inthe war. 7 a Youmay see me later, if! can make it bb Youmay start now, Language Summary 10 pi62 Ed Write sentences with the same ‘meaning, using the correct form of the modal verb in brackets. 1 t's possible that she went to sae Martin. (might) ‘She might have gone to see Martin. 2. t's obvious he dict practise ‘enough. (can't) 8 Im fai sure the parcel wal arrive tomorrow. (should) 4 I's possible that Jan's having lunch now. (may) 5. Clearly, they're not enjoying the holiday as they'te coming home early. (can't) 6 Don't cal him now because fm pretty certain he's sleeping, (wil) 7 They got there late, s0 I don't 888 how they had time to visit the extibtion, (won't) 8 She probably won't have problems finding the place. (should) In English. > 1can recognise devices for making a complex text cohesive and coherent > | can identity and use @ range of antonyms and their ccollacations > {can use a range of modals to talk about levels of certanty in the present and past | can folow extended speach (on 8 complex topic > |can give ces, wel- structured tak on improving my English in the future. } What do you need to study again? See Self-study DVD-ROM 10.VIDEO mul Wor PIs Uni! Eet’s Pee Workin small groups. Discuss these questions 1 Do people who speak your language have diferent accents? Do you have en accent? 2. What determines people's accents in your country and are there some accents that are more or less popular? 3 Do youknow anything about particular English accents? Are there any that you ind especialy easy or cut to understand? Can you say why? i 2 Decide which statements about British English ‘accents you agroe with. ‘Some individual sounds tell us wether an English person ‘cams from the north or south of the country 'b_ People may not be aware of their avn accents but they ow which accents they tke end don' tke, ‘©The aocents ae based on region, but some are tkaly toe outin te future. tb EIDE} +: watch the whole video. Does it suggest that the statements above are true, partly rue or false? Give reasons, 2 EIDE +2 Complete those sentences with ‘on8 or wo pieces of information. Sometimes there ‘s more than one possibie answer. 1 donne Robinson yas crosen fr the ene acme 2 He says UK northem aocets {The pronuriaton of glen undensent ome changes > Work in pairs and compare answers. Bi ® BER t+ Work in groups of tres. Waten and make notes. Student A: What genereisatons does Jonnie rave about cere secant? Student B: ira a he deren types of ecco Susan ane Shane marton ane wth hey 2 Bostve or negate about them Student C: Note reasons poople give for diiking ceria secant. 'b Compare your information and summarise this part of the video. Are Jonnie's ‘generalisations true, do you think? HIE +s wnat were Jone and Denise refering to (2) when they used words? phrases 1-87 f reothed xeruniaton » Ausatan acer ohn kien of gi ncorts 1 Yorkshire speaker and a London speaker Bh MEE 5 Match the person withthe sentence 2. adopted by the BEC they might say next. 3. almost unique AP Carotya>) 1 Ofcourse, Iori usualy speak ke that set 4 been around 160-200 yoars Denise | 2 Butonly tiny bit when Im talking tomy mates. § come int foe-o-face contact Andrew | 9 infect a Engish people Nave got accents to me 8 ‘coker sheniz | 4 NotallScotish accents ae the sam, you know. 7 ofthe 19th century susan \5 Butthen, thnk they've got realy strong accents. 8 North Shore : Jane 6 I's abitaiferet trom the way they speakin the 'b Watch again and chéck your answers. aity of Oxtord "Note wat exactly they were referring to. © Workin pairs and compare answers. Ed 2 Rank these statements 1-5 (1= strongly agree, 5 = strongly disagree). Make notes on reasons why. © Loamers hardly ever pick up their teacher's acvent. Teachers shoud teach ‘standard’ English accents «We should practise staring to as mary cterent accents as possible. Ris ust as important to understand non-native varieties of Engish as citferent native accents aim to speak with anatve-tke English accent. Work in groups. Tell each other your opinions and give reasons. Is there a consensus in your group?/IDEO EF i workin groups. cisouss these questions B-¥ 1 Whon you vist anew city or country, do you tke sightsesing? so, what kind ot gnts Hy Go you party ao ike visting? BB 2 rich oungsin your yor county hae an htrstng histor”? 8 Wat co you Know about these wel-known sights in London: he Tower of London tap Bon, Curr Place 4 Doyou now about ary char ght a London? 3 EY Bo EER 2: watenthe whole video EY IEIIF 2.0 waten again, are hese statements true, flee or 5] bout the Tower of London ane choose theres no information ive’? Comect the flee statements. FY thebestvect-a) 1 Tho Wie Teor wos heat partef he tener tobe but cd 11 London's Most Rementic Tower 2 It took 10 years to build. 2 TroTowerefLorgen -900earsohtory 3. tha the ros pres castein England et ont, 8 Tower ofLonson-=‘omprlaetpisente Kg om ned re nor crows lesser @ The ces rr the widows ad a spec incon, Workin pas. Tae tums to expan ¢ Mostpeagt ee meretein te Tower becoie wes. plce ot what ite you chose and why parihere 7 This a ony caste Kn Wim but hn Egan a RIED} 2.9 Watch again, Make notes ors BIBER? « watch agan, Tek the events of Arne Boleyn’ 11 Why were Sheniz and Bettina impressed by Trl al _ ee «how ld showes when che © her en wth Henry Vl history of the Tower? ie eae © why Henry Vill tuned «row se met Hey pestintsd 2 iy avant Conn b te Seren =o 4 Wry waste Towe very diet to moat me right ute her * ter orciton ‘other bulldings in England at that time? Workin pars and compare answers: Watch again and make notes on the events you eked © Workin pairs, Compare notes. EE] G2 Amuseum warts o ceate an Ed @ Discuss these questions. fexhibton on the best of your county's 1 How you ater torso your exon? EE} history and culture. Think of sx things 2 How much should veitor pey for admission? Bag. _ tet boctropresny trent espace of 2 How onmaon be mace acceso perl who nea 4 your comtey Re need athens diffarent languages? Whic" languages will be catered for? f=) building, a work of art, etc.). Be prepared Sires. 44 How wll the exhition big ts content o te? 'b Work in pais, Tell each other your ideas and agree on the same six exhibits. (if you are from different places, imagine it is a joint project between your countries) © Present your group's best ideas to the rest of the class, 'b Work in groups with another pair. Tell the other pair ‘about your exhibition and :ha exhibits you chose, Do you ‘agree with each other's ideas?VIDEO 3 3 Es cy =! Work in groups. Discuss these questions. How important i it for you to stay ft and healthy? } Unit 3 Well-being 2 Do you do anything to keep in good condition? I so, what? Htnot, why not? ‘8 Do.you do anything that you thnk is ba for you? Or are thece things that would be {good for you thet you don't do? 44 What responsibity should the folowing take for improving the finess ofa nation: government; schools; doctors; tha mada; parents; individuals? '5 Think of tve suggestions you would give to someone who wanted to become healthier a BIER waten an interview with Esther Mls (a nutsionis), and Interviews with members ofthe publ. 1 Does Esher give the same suggestions you din oxorese 1? 2 Oval how heathy do you think te intenewees 3 Do you agree when Esther sas, ve been realy encouraged wha ve seen onthe svests ody b Work in pairs and discuss your ideas. [DIED 2.2 Watch the iterviow with Esther again. What do these phases refer to? 1 three popu neath magazines 2 every angle day 2: the et of youre 4 post things 5 eighthours 6 atleast 9 tes Look at these radical ideas to improve health Decide how much you agree with each one, 1 Price food accorig to its nutitional value 2 Completely prohibit the sale of cigaratios 3. Companies should pay forall thee employees’ healthcare 4 Ban cars from city centres, but here are ree bicycles everywhere, a EISEI 2.9 Watch part 2 again. Work in pais. Student A ek & not food mentioned that you conser hea, Student B: maka note of food mantiones tat you constr urea. b Work in pairs. Compare your list, Do you have any foods in both ists? It 80, explain why. 1 Read points +4 below. Tick the ideas below you agree with 1 fttastos good, 0s you good 2 Livotortodoy! 2 Kong soe thing doing i ance 4 You shoul est ite of what you fancy each dey BIDGP2.« watcn again. From what Esther says, cdo you think she would agree with points 1-4? ‘© Workin pairs, Discuss your answers and ave reasons. Work in small groups. Discuss these questions, Which ideas would be mostieast effective? Which would be possibie/impossivie? How could the ideas be adepted to make them more feasible o more effacthe? b Do you have any other radical ideas for improving health and fitness? Prepare to present your ideas to the class.VIDEO eu Wen Pyeteccas 1 How many teeusions nave you gor? How mary hous a week da you watch TV? \Who comes up wit the ideas for TV programmes? Is there sucha thing as fresh idea in TV these days? Do you think tht ideas are often recycled in programma making? 2 a 4 5 2 RIEZIF «1 Watch some interviews about television. Sometimes you hear a question and sometimes you oniy hear the answer and have to quess the question. Which questions from 1 do you think were asked? 'b Work in pairs and compare answers. Were many of the answers you heard similar to your own ideas in 17, 4.2 Watch again. Choose the correct answers. ‘Sometimes there may be more than one possible answer. 1 When the interviewer says, Love itor hate it, she means 1 she's got mixed foings about TV people have very strong feeings about TV. © whatever you think of 2 When tha interviewer says, ‘everyone's a crt} she ‘nobody really kes TV nowadays. 'b everybody has something to say aboutit © there are too many professional TV cries about ‘8 When Lissa mentions ‘people who commission the programmes, she means the people who 8 mais the programmes. 'b choose somebody eles to maks ther, © decide what wil be on TY. 4 When Lissa says t's throwing a lot of things at them anc se¢ing what sticks, she means ‘2 TV companies choose programmes random. '» production companies send in alt of ideas and aro ‘sometimes luck. «ifm programme is popular. it wil be continued. ‘2 Work in pairs. Think of atleast two reasons why somebody could agree with the statement below and two reasons to disagree. ‘© TV's main esponsibilty isto educate and inform rather than entertain. 'b Decide whether you mainly agree or disagree with the statement. Join other people with a similar view. ool your ideas to support your argument. 7 8 ® 10 Unit 4aCivilisedsshV addictse [El Workin groups. Read al the questions. Choose three or fourto lacus ‘war king of rings oo you watch? ‘Should parents restrict the time ther children watch TV? Do you think TV has a postive inftuence on usin general? Do you tink that TV programme makers have @ responsblty to educate viewers? What would you change about TV programming? [Gi Work in pairs and aiscuss these questions. 11 Why do you think people have such strong feelings about TV? 2. How has the intanet helped to make everyone acric? 3 What kind of programmes nave ‘stuck’ (become very suocesstul)n your country? programmes that people mentioned they like \watching. Which was mentioned twice? comedy cartoons documentaries Do it Yourset’ entertainment shows ‘music news realtyTV sport b Work in pairs. Discuss these questions. 1. Doyouhave strong feelings about any of theso types of programme? 2 Which types ae popular in your county? IEEE + « Wate again, what do the Interviewees say about these topics? 1 lant cfm 2 schoo 23. cocumentaries 4 realty TV 5 Afica i «Work in groups wit people wih cterent views, Take turns to speak for one mnt b As aclass, vote on whether you agree or isagree with the statement,VIDEO. Wanaee ay tes os Work in pairs. Discuss these questions. 1 Asa child, what job did you want to have when you grew up? 2 How much does school prepare pupis for the werd of work? Py LS = 2 ES Peay 2 RIEIERS + watch the whole video about work And answer the questions. 1 othe cider know what they want o do when they row up? 2. Accoring to Nok, th headmaster now do scncls rowed io prepare chen fr tera word? 8 Are ne cteriervwees taking about a pastor a vr carer orth? 'b Work in pairs and discuss these questions. 1 Did anything suprise'you about the children’s, oF Nek’s answers? 2. Di the other interviewees remind you of paople you kaon? 2 BIBER 2 Watch and make notes on how these ideas can be compared 1 The ots’ and the bo’ answers 2 Nok’ praparain forthe word of work andthe Braparaton pups pet rw 2 Boing a barstr and baing a heachunter. Lucy and Connor's tudes 'b Work in pairs and discuss your notes. ‘questions. Be prepared to justify your answers. Look at the lst of jobs you wrote in Sa. Discuss these 3 Dayou know anyone who loves or hates their Job? How does it affect ther ves? Eh 2 EIEZFSs watch again Are these statements true, false or no Information is given? 1 Nick only has one regret about his career. 2 Nick was @ headmaster for longer than he was teacher ‘8 Mary dint study what she wanted to. 4 ‘Michaal has only one complaint bout his jb. 5 Mictaa is looking fora naw jb. » Work in pairs. Compare your answers. ‘2. Work in pairs. How many jobs or employers can you remember that were mentioned in the video? Make alist. bb BIBER: watch again Tck the jobs and employers you wrote and add any others you hea. © One of the children gave the wrong name for ‘a job. What is the proper name for the job? 11 Which would be the bast ob and the worst job for someone who «© is generally prety lac-back? © is highly articulate? © isan arty ype? ‘© loves wide, open spaces? 2. Which job © would you hate to do? would you dof you were desperate? « inking? sounds perfect for you? ‘© doesn't sound very exciting but would be OK for you? ® isabit ofaloner? « ishighly sociable? woul have sounded great when you were a chic?arch! EF) i discuss these questions in pairs. BB 1 How do shops ty to persuade you to buy cern procucts? E92 Do youever comolan to shops or comers? 30, gear examel. Ket, wy? oa 3 Have you ever answered any market research questions? Ey 2 6.4 Watch the whole video. In what order were J Look at these reasons for buying Ed those fesues discussed? products. Which ones do you think Ky ‘a why Companies use market researchers: affect your buying choices? Consider Fy not mates poop buy ena precits Only an and | worked onthe Volkswagen advert. (only in front postion modifies the subject to maan that Jan and, and nobody else, worked on the Vokswagen advert) 2a Joe's been everywhsre. He's even been to Tonga. (even in ‘mid position modifies the verb to mean thet Joe's been to ‘Tonga in adcton to everywhere ese he's been) More and more people have been to Tonga. Even Joe's ‘been there. (even in rot position modifies the subject to ‘mean that you might nat expect Joe to have been to Tonga bute has) [GSE Connecting words: purpose i pss 'S0ASIIN OROER (FOR SOMETHING) + INFINITIVE WITH TO © Wo.can use so ain order (for something) ~inive vth totale about tne purpose ot an acton, ie put ave phases at tne begining oa clause: The colours need tobe bolder 40 a8 fol order to make tre design stan out. In order for tho campaign to bea succes, we rust reese ou DUGG © In spoken and less formal writtan English we often smplify. these wo structures to an inetve wth fo: Wo have done research to see which adverts are th most paputar ivonDER THar1so THAT/SO (© Weuse in order that, so that and 50 to tak about the purpose of an action. We put these phrases atthe beginning of ‘ clause: So that we can meet our deadlines, weld appreciate ‘your ideas by tomorrow send you some possible siogans in ‘rder that you can docide, © $0 (that) 's less formal than in order that: [tke to 00.9 copywriting course so that can go into advertising. Tes * if we use @ present verb form inthe clause with in order that / so that, we usualy use a present verb form or modal ver in the ‘main clause, The present vero form or modal verb has present or future meaning: In order thatthe campaign is @ success, we must increase our budget. * if wo use a past verb form in the main clausa, we usually uso ‘a past verb form or modal ver inthe clause with in order that/ ‘50 that. Ths past verb form or modal verb has past meaning | warned you, inorder that you wouldn't be disappointed, [023 Punctuation: commas El pes We use commas «ator introductory clauses beginning with ater though as, because, since, when and while tat come before the main Cause: tre actors had acted the (ut, there woud not have been a problem © to separate tres of more words, phrases, or clauses wien in 4 seres, We donot usually use a comma before the fina ‘arc Ts approach mght work na numberof aust, such as fashion, book sles and musc «© after inyoductory words such as surprisingly, however: Not surprisingly, some people cisagree wit hs. «© either sige of non-cetnng relative causes: The campaign, which was the stots Kd, was very eect, However We do not use commas in defining relave clauses: That's the man who saw shaping © ater the vero and before the cpening quotation marks h rect, Speech: Tom Hike, present of tha comoary, sai, "Whan ‘people find out thay have been fooled, they may fee! angry.” «fore tha end quotation marks in drt speach when the {quotes flowed bythe speaker: “You shoud set up a Negnbournood Watch scheme, said the potceman © naist of adectves, we use @ comme when can be replaced the wor ‘and: Buzz marketing requres @ Confident create apcroachLanguage Summary 7 s) DVD-ROM 7 TEE EEIB Phrases with get 7A EJ pes getaway wih tho wrong and ot be prised The {Rober got away wi jonel et because Mere was not tnough scence fo cont Per {get aviy rom ath cre bein: 's arco exffenders fo 9st qnay tom to crnna record when king fr Wor {etn th become moved n: My 07 as realy goto Erne nove econ {get out of sth avoid doing something you should: Women ro more ie fo gt ou ofa prison sortonce they Pave nicer Get Gund to sth do someting ha you haw tended to ator along te: ost myc card ae ays 90 But Ihave got ound 6 reparing# yet get round sth find a way of dealing with @ problem: {ro governments tng fet ound the oben of trecrowded prone by easing some prisoners ear: {ety your, our, tha, et.) own Back on'sb) take ferenge: rhe husband ac It Re te weran got he fn ack by desta hs fur sh {et back to reir o's out fo prisoners o get back {fete trey nao bao tey wert ta. {et through sth ssh something: i ean be move act fr Pee testo gat hrgh 2 rion sentence tan for tho imate nemsehes {9 through to sb communicate success My work ote tng t get inougn fo young fenders wh Pn {hat ie tot ont opton Phrasal nouns 78 [fil p72 Phrasal runs are compound nouns formed from verbs {and apart (a preposton or adver) break +yo+a breakup outs cry an outory set back asetback an + set + ananset Tes + When phrasal nouns begin with a patel, they have ro ‘hyphen (outlook, downpour, inout, onset, outcry). When phrasal nouns begin with a ver, they may er may not havea hyphen, 9, Kk, breakdoum, getogather. + Not al phrasal verbs can be made into phrasal nouns: Thy pulled oovn two houses. not There wae peace oFaMe- hovees, + Some phrasal nouns are made up ofthe same words as phrasal verbs but have diferent meaangs: The intake (Gervoiment) onthe course was over 100. He spoke so fast Tou take it in (= understand and remember, * Some phrasal noun are made up ofthe same words as a ptrasol verb but reverse the order of ha var and the particle: Seton - onset, cry out — outer + Some phrasal nouns ae courtabe and the pural's made by adding sto the verb or particle at the ond ofthe pasa noun: Break-up — breaks, outer outers, Setback setbacks + Not all phrasal nouns can be made int phrasal verbs. pct, uoshet, over downtine. [ZB Metaphors 7C fll p74 ‘A metaohor s away of describing something by raterting tot fas someting ee which has Sar qualies, Metaphors use a non-teral meaning of words ‘The police gil him for hours. | grilled the meat for ve minutes, ‘rl 1 (on eral to ask somebody a lot of questions often over a {Eng tine: The police griled him fr hours about what hod done that ight 2 eral cook something by direct hea: gid the mast fr ve minutos. ‘warm 7 (oritera enly and ffectonate: We gota warm welcome from my cous. 2 iteral having a comfortably hgh Temperature, although not hot: The pizza wasn't warm encugh so putin tne microwave. storm 1 (on-ierl stack: The pace stormed the bulng and ‘rescued the hostages. 2 itera an extreme weather concn with throng winds, heavy fan ang often thunder ang ighning: The forcast vars a severe storm son ts way. flood /flad/ 1 nor-Itral lor ener a place in arge numbers or ‘amounts: The markets flooded wth chean pleste goods. 2 itera) ‘cause to become covered with war Mitrans ary more, the roads ‘il soon be fooded bright 1 inon-Itra) lever and quick to eam: He's @ rely bright = {can't bave het tun to crime 2 (ite ful of ih: twas such a ‘right olay, needed my sunglasses. dawn /do:n/ 1 (non-itera} begin Jobe understood by somebody It eucdenl dawned on the Inspector who th criminal might ba. 2 (tera) the fst ght of daybreak: have to get up at aun to drive towork {reeze 1 non-itera stop moving and become completo si When (saw the ourgia | roze and cout’ move 2 (itera) over the temperature of something below O°C causing it to become very cold and offen hare: was So cot that the ak raze, fly 1 (n0n-tea) 0935 very quickly: The crime novel was so exctng, me tne few. 2 (eral vavel trough the ar by lane, et. My parents few to Braal ast week. crack 1 (norte) become very stressed because of work pressure fo: Vicks a goa chace for thea bacause she dows crack nl pressure. 2 itera very narrow space between parts of Something: sudden noticed te large crack nthe cingEn — Preview ‘CONDITIONALS: BASIC FORMS Zero conditional ‘© The zar0 conditional talks about an event/stuation that Is a general tuth/tact: if you do more than SOkrn/n ‘along this road, you get caught by speed cameras. © We make the zero constional with + subject + Present Simple, subject + Present Simple. 1p + Ifend when have the same meaning In the 22r0 conaitional ln¥en ook ater plants, they die. First conditional ‘© The frst conditional talks about a possible or kely future resut . ‘© The if clause taks about things that are possible but ‘not certain: If you get any more points for speeding, (maybe you'l get more points for speeding). The ‘main clause says what we think the result willbe inthis Situation: youll be banned from diving. ‘© We make the frst conditional with: i+ subject + resent Simple, subject + wil/won't + infiritve. "© We can use might instead of win the main clause to ‘mean ‘wil perhaps. ‘Second conditional '* We use the second conditional to tak about an unlikely ‘or imaginary situation in the present or future. We often Use't to tak about the opposite of what is true or real iyou lost your licence, you'd prababiy lose your ob, (but you haven't lost your licence) |© Wo make the second conditional with: f+ subject + Past Simple, subject + 1 (= would) wouldn't + infinitive, ‘© We can use could or might instead of would in the main Clause. Might means ‘would perhaps. Could means would be possible’ I won the lottery, | coukd/might {90 traveling. ‘Third conditional ‘© We use the third concitional to tak about imaginary stuations in the past. They ae often the opposite of what realy happened: fyou's hadnt gone through that ‘ed ight, the pote wouldn't have stopped you (you did {90 through that red light so the police stopped you). ‘© We make the thc conditional with: + subject + Past Perfect, subject + 0 (= wouldVinoulant + have + past participle. ‘© ‘We ccan use could and might in the main ciausa, Might ‘means ‘would perhaps’ Could means ‘would be possible’ f/had gone to colege, | might/could have Studied maths. [IE Conditionals 7A Ei pss CCONDTIONALS: NON-BASIC FORMS. ‘© We can use a varety of vert forms in conctonal serterces, not ‘ony those used nthe our basi” condonas ‘8 Amodalis used instead ofa present form: fa persun doesn't want fo leave forensic evidence, they should just sie through 2 window. aration of zero constonala general uth) The future wth going to ved to show tutu inertion {youre going to commita burgiary, yu neve to Lo carta what you wear (variaon offs conor a possible ute event) & continuous form s used instead of a simple formto ‘emphasise an action in progress: If] were committng a burglary, [abe batter of wearing gloves. vartion ct second conational an imaginary presenUfuture even) One burglar tou have got away wit compel ths had bean “sweating, (artlon of ira condtonal en imaginary past even) 1 + We can make variations of al ofthe four basi’ conditional forms wth these future, continuous anc mda forms, 7m gang to belt Tainays ring home, (uture used Instead ofthe present as variation of a zero conctona) MIXED CONDITIONALS ‘© Inmixed condtionals, the main clause and theif clause sometimes refer to a different time period. The most common combinations ‘are second and thir conditonals. Compare: 1 ifthe kicnapper hadn't licked that envelope, he wouldn't be in ‘prison now. mixed conditional) 2. ifthe Kicnapper hadn't licked that envelope, ine wouldn't have {gone fo prison. third conattional) In both conditionals we are referring to imaginary stations, 1 The frst sentence isa ‘mixed’ conditional because theif clause refers to a situation inthe past and the main clause ‘fers toa condition in the present (ne isn prison now) In the Fciause, we use a standard construction forthe thcd conditionaland in the main clause we use the construction ofthe second 2ondtional (would + infiitve, 2. Inthe second sentence, the ifclause and the main dause refer ‘the past (he licked the envelope and went io prison] and we use a standard construction fora thd conditional © Compare: 1 if they weren't such good actors, most of them would have. ‘been found out much earier(rixed conditional 2 If they hadn't been such good actors, most of them would have been found out much earler (third conditional) In both conationals we are refering to imaginary situations. 1. The frst sentence isa ‘mixed! conditional because the if clause refers to a stuation in the present (they are good acirs) and the main clause refers to a condtion inthe past. n the if clause, wwe use a standarc construction for the second conditional (Past ‘Simple) and in the main clause we use the construction of the third conditional (would + have + past participle). 2. Inthe second sentence the clause and the main cause refer to‘ stuation inthe past (they were good actors anc they weren't found out) and we use a standard construction fora third conditionalme + In conatonas that eter to unreal situations, we can use other combnations fv forme if the time in thei lause not the same as ne time nthe main clause. For ample: 4 fUhadn't ost my B20, 'd be leaving ‘omerrou i lause retest the past ard themann cause refers tothe ature) Ife didn't have to go back rox wok [would have invited rt core clause ers to te future ana the man Cause oor fo Pe past © Ifwe nave t pay tam next week we would need to 30! na mare ow. Cause refers to the future and ta mean ‘aves ter a te present) they arrest him now, they would have fp charge fim oy tomorow clause refers to the presen and thera clause refers o the Aare FORMALCONDITONALS—— (© Wee should in he ifouse inte frst conditional we want to suggest that ‘something is very unikey should rah, wwe won't go out. We can use happen to ina simlar way or combine them (shou ‘happen to). aryane happens to como aoress a bc0y ‘© We can use inversion in veal conditional sertences when the frst ver Inte if Clause were, hag or shout In those Sentences, we can leave out and we put the vero athe start he clause 1 Wore they f find out th th wo woul be hn serous voube = hey were 0 nd out the th.) Had she not tried 1 sat he car they Would never have caught Ne. (=f she air ed to st theca.) © Should you see the man aaah, please cal us mmectataly (= you should gee the man agen.) Ita person doesnt wart to leave forensic ‘erence, they should ust se trough a window Preview PASSIVE FORMS. na passive sentence, the focus i on wht happens o someone/something rather han on who orwhat does the action. «Ween usa th passive when we dont ow whe ort dos the con. passive verb form “be past participle Present Spe at Sr Peet Contous Preset Parct Spe Past Perec Srp begong to EE} Impersonal report structures 78 El p71 * We use impersonal report stiuctures when we wantio distance ousehes from information which snot necessarily our open. The ae commonly found repos and newspsper aces, REPORTING WITH THE PASSIVE © Tomake impersonal report structures we can use: 1 It passive « hat cause: tls aimed that oven your finance records can 'beacaessed. Other vers which re commonly used wit he struct ae: accept, agree, alape, baleve, consider, expec, eo know, pede, 9), sugges think undoetan 1b subject = passe + inntve with to: Camaras are known to operate more ‘and more buleigs. Otververes which ae commen used ith tis struct fe: aleve, constr thd, say, think © there + passive + inive with fo: There are now estimated be more ‘abil phones than people in many counties. Other varbs which are common sed wth ths stucture are: allege, baove, cin, expect, 5, hk TPs + Wo use a variety of infritve forms with personal report structures: She is known to have spent vo yoar in india. Hes rumoured to beresigning naxt month 1 We ten use these vars to report withthe passive: cla, alege, estimate, dative, think fear, expect report, understand, REPORTING WITH SEEM AND APPEAR ‘© The varbs soem ancl appear canals be used to stance yous ern evens you ae reporing; seem ana appeer are nat used the passive. ft seams that they wi 2200 Bacar ine ram... Opinion appears fo be died. There also appear to bbe many haspias using ham. 1 We can use athat-clause ae It seems appears: I seems that no one knew about te problem. '* We can use an infrive wih to ater seem/aooear The goverment aopears to be (BS65560 wth the dea of watching peop. m1 + We can als talk about an apparent fact using either + seenvapear+ that clause Ir 9peared that peaole were unaware they wer balng watched. © aubjec (09, ‘people + s9em/epoea + iste wih fo: the main, oB0ple 688m fo Suppo the se of CCTV,[EXE Connecting words: condition p73 ‘We can use unless in concltional to mean inet’ Uns ‘excrisoners are given halo, iney ae hey to e-ofend. ‘¢ We can use in ease fo talk about something we doin order to be ready for posse future stuatons. the clause refers to the future, cases folowed by aver form in the present Take a sandwich in ease you get hay tater ‘Wo can use otherwise wen ws tak about an urdestabe situation which would happen if something ese did not happen. We usualy put otherwise atthe beginning ofa ‘cause We must act row, otherwise the prisen population vi double, © We often use provided providing, as long as anc assuming inetoad of fin condtonals: Exntoners should be helped {narcaly as long as thereJs enough money © Provided/providing ancas long as rean ‘ni this happens): Preorers can became responsible ctzens, providing wo alow tham «We can use whether n corstionals when you are mentioning two or mote ateratves. We put whether in rot ofthe first Altera and or in font ofthe second atti: Whether the governors right or wrong, there are many whe alsagre, ‘© Imagine and suppose/supposing have te serve mearing {forma picture in your mind about what something could be lke): Imagine Suppose Suppesing tha prisoners arent well ‘enough fo work what happens than? «We can use imagine and suppose’supposing 2s n ‘toate for in questons: Imagine Suppose Supposing thre was no crime, what kindof wokd woud we vem? [EJ Punctuation: colons and semi-colons Eiprs (We can use colons: © tointroducelats orto indicate a subdivision of atopic: There ‘thee sections: tha intoducton the main argument and ‘the conclusion. ‘© whan the second clause explains the frst: The new raf laws wi be passed eary next yaar the curent laws are no longer sufficient ‘We can use semi-colon: © instead of ful stops and commas to separate two main ‘clauses which are connected in maaning: Learning fo.hve Is pot ens it tks time anda great deal of concentration. The conclusions in this paper are incomplete; futher research needs to be done. * instead of ful stops to end a cause beterea conjunctive aduero (however, nevertheless, ste: Mtr the oparation, with nouns which end in -s but ae net plural: News comes via emi these cys. © with exoresions of quantity, measurement, te. 2000 mies fs ong way to rave ater words suchas eveyone, anything, etc: The formation tet everyone was wating fo © We use a plural ver: 4 fornouns which don' end in-s but which ae nt singular: The police ware sing @gean service. ator words suchas both of al of plenty of a numbar of cove: Ony a couple were recruited, + Some calctve nouns arc names con tka ethar a wingular ora plural fr: 4 When focusing on counties which ae a group of states, an institution or ‘organisation a a wre the verb is usually singular The USA has 50 states The ish army was aiso dependent on pigeons: the team was a Manca’ faite. > Whan focusing ona collection of nail, he verbs usualy plural The pubic were fascinated ty the Pony Express a rough soa # acaim soa alight meal #aneavy meal ‘a gentle person # an aggressive person an old bulding #a madem bulking tal person #a short person ory day # @ wet day plain shirt # a pattemed shirt, 1a strong possibilty #a faint possibilty eur Tips “When the subject sto or mare nouns linked by andor, we use a plural form: A etter and a parcel were forwarded to our ew adress. + Inclauses with what as subjct, ifthe folowing noun i plural the verb is ether ‘lua fo mare fermal contexts) or singular rere informal contexts). Wht surprised me was wore the shoer numbers a pigecns used in the war. + Incomplex sortances, tha verb agrees withthe main noun: During the fourmanth ‘siog9, more than a million lettors wore delivered tothe zens of Pais + Wo uso a singular verb wth the number Cf outa plural vero with a number of: The ‘umber of appicants always exceeds the umber of places. Preview FUNCTIONS OF MODAL VERES © Wie tak about aby using can and ‘oul: Unfortunately she can't touch- ‘ype. My brother could surf whan he was eight. © Wie ask orgie permission using can, ‘may anc could: You ean use my arene, May use your phone? Could Ifoave arly today please? ‘© Wie tak about obigation using must ‘and have (go!) 10: Ban had an eye fest and he's got to wear glasses, You _must get your bakes fed, they're ‘dangerous. © We give achice using should and ‘ought to; You should return this as it ‘doesn't work He ought to change his ‘accountant. '¢ We tak about repeated/typical behaviour using wil and would. We often use always or afen with would: ‘She'd come home and immediately tun on the TV. He'd always stop for lunch at noon, (© We refuse using won't and would’: won't let her use my car. She wouldn't give me ait ast night '¢ We eticise people's past behaviour using ought fo Rave/shoul have + past partipl: They ought fo have told you. She should have gone fo oniversiy, (© Weak about prohibition using ‘cant: You ean't smoke on ay puto transport‘SEMI-MODALS BE ALLOWED TO (© Wie use be allowed toto say we have permisscn 1. do something: le were allowed to wear whatever we wanted at shea. MANAGE TO ‘© Vio use manage to o say that we sucoeed in coing ‘something, often after some ciiculty: ost my key but managed to cimb in hough the window. BE ABLE TO (© Winsien be abla fo fo talk about abit or possi. ‘We also usa canto talk about abit end possBity but ‘can only has two forms: can and could. Therefore, we sometimes need be able fo: | might be able come. et tenigntooncome, ‘© tye say someone was aBle fo do something, then we Usually mean they hed the abit to do something and ‘hy did, Wa cannot use could fortis meaning. we re talking about a single achievement rather than a general bly n the past, ve usualy use be able formenagad to instaad of cou | was able to meet hn lst Friday. not eould moot hin ast day, However, we can use couldn't ‘talk about a speciic situation inthe past ied fo start tha car but couldn't We can use coud wih vers such as ‘808, hoa fee, et. to tak about spectc stuatons wen we. were able te do something: / could sen the estance, [NEEDN'TIDON’T NEED TO "© We use need toto tak about things that are necessary for Us todo In positive santanoes we use need +ifntve wth to: peed to buy some stamps. ‘© Innegatie sentences we say dont need fo and needn't \with no change in meaning, dont need fo!needn't go yet. DIDNT NEED TOINEEDNT HAVE DONE © Innegatne sentences refering to the past, me con say deh ned to/needn' have done. |© However; these two structures havea cference in meaning: alde't need to change planes, because there was a rect fight. (= it was not nocessary forme fo change planes so | dic.) need’t have changed planes; tnere was a direct gn. (= twas not necessary forme to change planes, but 1d) [ES Modal verbs: levels of certainty about the past, present and future 108 EJ 99 Wo use: 1, wont, can, must, woutnt) when somethings efit 1.1m sure hol be working. (present) 2. He's certain he find @ buyer forts net fi. tre) 3 Janine Jansen or example, you just now it won't have ‘been an easy ite fr her (past) 4 ltean't be easy having Mart as your partner (oresert) 5 My father says t's obvious that can't have wanted i ‘Badly enough .. past) 6 Cleary, he must enjoy whet he does; why ese woul he work 8 herd? (present) 7. She must have devoted most of rerio to practising. (past) {8 My father says i's obvious that | can't have wanted it baaly ‘enough or wouldn't have given up. (past) «© shoud when we think something is probable: People are ust starting fo notce his work, s0 It shouldn't be Jong before he gas the recognition he deserves. (utue) ‘© may, might, could vnen we think something is possible: 1+. may have had some natural talon, who krows? (past) 2 He might be creating a new animation character (present) 2 sn.orhe could be working on his next ahor fm. (posse) © Wen modal verbs refer to the present ws often use: modal verb + infntive or madal vero + be + verbving: He must ‘enjoy vtat re does. hie Satucay night and Im sure hel be working. It ean't be oasy having Martin as your partner, ‘© When madkl verbs er to the future we often use: modal vero + infritv. .. shouldn't be long bafowe he gets the recognition, he deserves. He's certain hel find a buyer ‘© When modal vas refer o past certainty we use: modal vero ++ have + past participle anne Jansen, for example, you {ust know won't have been a” easy If for har. She must ‘have devoted most of he ie to pracising. may have hag some natura talont who knows? My father says ts obvious {that can't have wanted i baaly enough or | wouldn't have given up. Tips * Ought to / ought not fo have the same meaning 6s shoul! ‘shoul, but can sound more formal: She shout be too much longer. She cught not tobe to0 much ionger. ‘Wo don’ uss can to talk about eves of certainty. We use may, {ight could nsteac: He cous beat home now. not Hecar beat emenot + Ws use cou’ or ean't have + past pats to moan certaty about the past: cout tcan't have been 855) + We dont use ean ar mustn't ihen we speculata. We use can't, Could. might, may or must: He can have Known about. pot Me Imuciietevesnonrsboutd, He Could have besn at home at that Irean't be easy ining with hinAudio Scripts cI AMY’ So A, oh i ou sage his book? ANN Welk T¥e bough gute ew selselp books ‘rete pst fe matin an ge hs ‘he for tbe bak db Because my Brother's fen eling mero rad or ge, Apparends, [esol one milion cope nd esl ‘eli wel whic sored ne bec ect bss tal rely. Team, ou ko Stu at people thr'sa babies, ‘Orinaketheaber person el impor “Tea prety obit Bt sn ober sf what Care sayng a ele ‘ithe why dent people Jot And he's sy Mesh Tagie with our bot there. And Ok cof some othe points be maken ‘heat se hase, Linea sl Fa facinaig: Actually hak people re eting fedupwitime alkng abort ved lean people sour ar wok ths week ‘Tobelunet asthe re ne Tye read ook ie this an even hough hav ite Anihedtyt~mean, Pe, Fea tbo ‘pieeesos eels ves het essay ean, the were) an ‘lee are god stent Ties hats ‘nrc ean were usa jst wating {peak rmeone aking abr something ‘harshapening them happen ‘hen the mat peop east ing at evar hey, wth ou know, Same hing upped te” al off thew, You know, ‘niterag oe about heme. meaa fen Geeta ahr wten bc hystinrifyin went people like you, you've go toler eal ay terion ft the eying. Yeh, ‘ean, atl encourage the ter peso to ‘ale emslen, by sing gunsions, 1 ‘pea wing a yore mere ter [Ansa ve ben ting to bes ore aetie lise and or neat, but el you takes some ltd ea Soon at eevee ening ines in fing ret my brother Hecaus e's goe ‘oocia oils whatever mean, tr) ‘arabe you, Dean id you ie DEAN Verh [data be hose ent xpeting ike agree mith aor of what ites ite the bt about how porns torments peoples nes Never hott eae eae creas racer a Avtar atthe And erty then es chatting up, For inant ight me went fora paz. ment theo. Tide iene aretha ‘todd Bim be thang the tube nest oars ad lear he names. “Thee he way sing st ke 80, Clie, ow ae yu cnoyng Landon?” You could see (Cire was hinting “Wonrs nce pay” Ad Hiri at hcael ery herfist ame, Actually sce Ana ugesed ‘Bison ve reads eoupe fh eter Soke ANN Nea Roop onc fb other bok recto. AMCT: Wal ding the st coupe of weks ve ‘sl Ben ta ot some of Carteies ‘Scuretions at el yo kn ke the one whee geser thet lee pewcils oie ANN "ea, Botha’ ae thoogh, Trea, most people wa around witha ‘cou athe ta 5, tha when someone {ely doc sme at yom, realms ters AMY ie dow! You know be sugested smiling seeryone you coment contac wih fra ‘tedeand soe what bape: Wall lsd ‘Really does make a ierenr Lk, Fre ees inet the sme ain tation foe yas ad pus sow, Te never rei hod ay act ‘tebe guy inthe ker troche hams “euro Rxtimond, plese Sof aed ‘thm You Krom, le anda oe ntact ad was amazing! Hee ely ‘hSey eer since. ach ne ey to sar he Uy And semen he be where Cares Seven you dot ea ike mang, force Sours, os ein aculy bigs on 8 ice fesing Wale Bong nS hat fooyande wore ANS “Yet illrent mine ait? And Tope hat gute thatthe Chives prover, Armin ithost a smiingface mast ma open shop! know a few shop asians who could iam eoma, apa DAVE. dogo out and se fiends ona ity replays ed srousd aah, ‘playing spc org or wed puta dak and talk stead What alk aout bt deep and ano Nios ar mer ety seer ‘ae, something ke thar, and wl Sega oto sso re ba ear cr old Fs. o whatever. Iihisk the whole suc of fndshipteowsn men nt or of based nth common inet nd be at st ‘ornate scr oi sotethag ther ou ae Tei i was Something seus, something ‘log and emo you end ogo wth nd Talk older ends people hat you were a ‘leg wi ormone Ua ou Ca you coat Sad every hg on. The pa et fens ha they dont do dae ac ueally prensa bol tings up sod ies ae HELEN Wall fsomahing mor append, itwould pba be my pares Talk fac ihy et op oBs, ‘iy bons We tend to meet abot once week inde we eet inate Weal met inthe sane ple, ata andthe reson sweet there stat hey top with alo ewe yeah cle La bar aes wha we say buccal ges on, We sex and ple and always nd Spaying mach more than iinended $0, ‘a ends are sell hig art mye ed they haven pus up wth aoe femme, hope abe tognethem ae be bak, ‘cos importa we do mana to ave a ‘ally goed nag about hg ANDREA" Ok, pero ho ea confide ‘Say ids nay enous Thin the {esto confide nbn b preci because don wane ro anburden alimy wernes ony ‘amino he aires ea cal gound ‘Froid, where ean jm sand tlksnd Keow wht) wos ge ‘fa imers to my hice, Weve gor ‘cvoutastppose Wee down and icy {ocsnng on, ony far and me hae 3 quick “low an your and e flloencvery boc ander aac ot, oo what Fe gato tak aboue Is ret brian unl be rokeup th hs gare ent ae redo conde ame, whch wally changed ‘he dynamic fou eltiontip. Sudden be bates peson whotad neds and who waned unhurden ims omo me. Lam, Fina for teeter eo ool faut deel tank soot meg Sache beter, ALEX. Taina to my feds, sally on Bee eee ashey the mon inereng pope tktoy snd we lk abot ot ike wha Happen a shoo and te test spor retand alr ingik ht I her robles tomy fend ecse they Whe moro underand what was [te troh,or mabe ny nse ees Sica nant gw poy ‘woul peta apy and don a hey relly snrtand ce CLAUDIA. Wal my Frou saying “ets ‘son tat doe when we coe 0%” probly or sey ox for Bea ope, ot fo meas po-save speaker ought sae, really ce le teal eae tat jou ca aay lan abe you can Contr rhing Wel opty ely worry abou igs hac are ay Inte fae The ac tne esd st from my the oye ea, a thing aviloeced my Me more shan ha ang, scaly (CHATS My favourte expressions "Yeu py pean, Yu get monkeys” whic i th wet th prvi Ivan cect oe ays wanted ey bos Bue never ely nade sarap to do that CLAIRE” One ofmy avurie ying Ifyou fy ih ehecrow oil gt sot with the ows cum rnmber my grannies 0 se when was rowing pin Sean And, Sthorcmeansis that 900 Bang about th Se atthe people ma be, brane uly yal ge pursed th tha ve You were weeny wrong vet heard the Expression in yeas ha recently Te heat ‘tea brim he news ad pola cortex, LNW Wel ny hyenas someting, Ticked ip tam yam ad Le bese Tivnot avery praca person. The sia "iy hoes dog and bar yours” nd ‘tis nga ncsehec onced to other ng vomething ick fsosene around Yous doit beter than you. So, fo example bay hoynends afte cooky a when Peoples tome "De you cok" Tean say Pity hance do and beck poured beta, eats thr eal ned forme bth PETE Wel grew ap ita hoy fay and “ery nay hm vd ses exe fo tbe nana ele that pci up ie 2 Few expressions invling hone, One ny favoutes “Hones for carers Basal, ‘See hose nove diferent nde ‘frac and the ores ae sted thee porcelr come Sein real heey person Foe oa pariular jb every mace toa parculasb sd "Hose forcouses” asaya ep har conection eee the ‘thing and he fb sould ca COMPERE_ OX, er wll rou plese wl ws the “efit ofthe Attain expresion Se econPETER. Loniyexpronon init She be ‘pl? OF sah Shel be apes? AEA ar cheba snes some erty a beoel etch creer ce rely ll ris cesta orca eee eee Foormrie a Tey Sie boop Lepr mest eck tattle ¢_ Nami youre 2 AOA ers rm i vey god bat ofcourse hntvmsth a doe of Sbe' ‘eS tern explain mesing ‘Sys Aeyo kao epr ance, evs Sol a pes ced Theticlstecncmning tee Aneta ‘eytocamtore tae pony anh alee inch wordy enti ing toes, dont worry "shel rn ©. Adal Ralph, RALPH Aca nar of hose defaitions is ‘ies Shc apple’ basally ans you ‘Ris someone i pie fora particule eb = ata ier athe person apn forthe potion ftaaticly wel quled tnd hebese pian, then yout sy sel be ‘ple Or to purr anoher way yu hae 8 oe ceaidence nthe person © Okshiys eam, Whi do you shins the true defion of She be apis’? Does stim oman ging oe eal pes, Gesurpesd, or sit way af ying one ston eeything wil be Boer does mess {ancooc ie perfor pariclarak? COMPERE OK, Shi’ tem, Which do you ‘hak sth tae defen Shel ape? SHIRLEY "Wal the'eal convincing But fe thiak Ralphs det tue We can Tragic atter jb interview the terriers ‘hosing semeone sang He or Shel be meaning hel Be the bs perso or Rab RALPH Soy, Woon? Cand ce we denon ist NAOMI Trmeans ‘ome woe everthing willbe ‘seb © Soest inthe ea wth pins Cok? Eat Ek» PRESENTER, Walking no Tomy Met pele etree cokers Semacopia of shape and colo Every Souk on evry walls cling" here {S3imas of abr desi animals and fet be Senn ea ape Tomy vara Livergol ble wth 2 ‘stot a ough pas ae ever er Sod m0 Snyter ere nar. Nowadays thous ich man wth pauton allo emotion, Avent crest, Hedeeribes is mia a ‘Solcan exploding wih babe, each ‘sinh const lon her bbb lof Atoppabe create Kor He spend days ost of high pene cing sedearing ‘TOMMY Wh ou walk io my hows, 08 "alk omy Bean Tv go charac ping (rine ban hae oie eallowt ort ‘Sreonde Teast owach fl 1 Thetransoemationn Tommy has been ge ‘remaabe Sy wha happened Je tipo sa bring abut Ihe caratdaey ‘Eovers ef nbeainhaemorchage One day Terny wa inthe nro heb fhm something poppin ns bes yh cme he mahal hoopla seer ‘nd hgh nde wa aon pin. ‘oases ns head were eating Bo, Donauenictieeeeetio ‘may exe dcr what happened JAN" dapat ewan sot ome th lof ies inom nh do ‘Sco wale hme So faving ay Someries be een iw mre ewan wor wo He wae toy rama ang an pe eee ae thre: We ahve ay secre nboboce Jans depres nd ayraing sae Beer hb ano Sess find ar aby she handed n= en Inapaceot pope sod anened bei wing, Whe ecard bck rom cockiog Secie peree ay toon ‘Nociiperngy an nan anno be tes oi th bepinning of wal A soe ae Ts renouphs Tammy are ne wll Tilak bet seca evr beade eA tno beefy Narn ee ee rand te etl Meee xe Eeep betes tetciones ene Mistexsions rhereipsael nhinse scone rennet what yaaa fe [MARION ld i col he bles ‘lodged daw at of ‘Sle wbo te at ald bag Tha turning point foe Mcagh—it prriininory mesrend aim chy ad Egy wend coerce, ‘eee ached le Faery ‘orci rom sh US wo at ape ‘Sites Fabry bas otponded ‘wi cag forsee yess and cy ‘Stnwite UXcomeer hm, Cacsnchas bi, eae eee bao none, ALICE Tomasi eaty wexronly kb wa Shang nis por Ine part rain sespoa sanding mening, Yon Cog as ‘Stay ad empora ibe pipe, nd tines of rec cexie opt be ony fn ur woul wie coma hie Socuncommon, Tommy dos 0, Fc sen hee the need ‘eve ett ay be pty bese the rin SSkecoming es cia sees chee ‘Seay lent cay parame Sati. Ine, eHogh’searpense SStkingio wate ome shoe bt ene ‘Senor now tare seme pts howd “iarelri sean ES ee tow much one Tomy wil ie ot Inthe lr ceprened yore Ha ie hcome madman ond hoes ery ute E10 BRUCE One ofthe lcs emember most are ‘he Galipagos sand PAT. Oh, ys 3 This grovp ofilands abou 600 ls ot rom Ecuador Tvebeaed of sh ye ‘Yeahs ita pace. We went to ce some end in Four and her they organised hit oat eri for ur whch ated abouts wel P And wece they xa som kised opis! ‘Mande ar he brochares woul hve You tele? 1B Neonat all actualy They were quite seat Femi geyney, sort of elcai eck, be eee oe eee isc yea ef cloud Even thogh we ‘ren Asp, ws gute oad. Obra yogurt ses oof nial and eis 1B Ob yeah, i lian for that. Absolutely Tele snows Is ay ene ive thew pant land tue, the famous toe, They've poe abate, sock ar niet ean, maine Ipsos, le foead boas. vp Waray? 1B Obs thy there gre Thy srt of hee Sepik lms bids wih Me et and Teepacks and hee about the sie o goose nude relly sang, Hapy dae oak ste animals ace absorp me, You can walk right upto them, you can walk shrouph she the, hey dna may cal thepe ably fants Ob credit =: MELISSA in ot soe etd you shot ay tip teindand he BRENDAN No, no, you haven M Nowe hws ae ome. haere Yorlra hie Wewew expecting sore ato ‘en my he sony Reaches a Ox Md e were expecting he sh ren ito, tean fn Ameren sro ows esha ucnd appro ne nde ovevo gn thee, Anyway ee wee ‘Specting Neuf lage he we Seton some en tn Ane Renee eens {ett nn in we sped o, sur nop then we pe near eae, ‘Neto hay heophet enero ser et trecoul ig Rice ‘Wethearve very ate at nigh athe hose tthchturne oot Bene 3 Beal ade ba Tog cabin ‘oma harm hn, Oi, Ok. p bipetnaresce aks Baler ac, ‘nae thing hee decd od he ne Aap was ge up and explore our aroundings Instead easy beach, what we bad a serthin stp of rave Ob dese. And the owner ad fogten to el us ha the ‘Ncek was acoaly alan but sila in ‘ery seal dingy ‘Which someting ha you dont want tobe ding ie bd wether. M_Norrealy inthe choppy seas that we were frond by. o,T hive tS I NASD Ot iirhaty Cah INTERVIEWER Canyou lus how mary ‘renee coat Ching ach 7s? CHENG Obl Las yern er omen Stoo ceo Chia, with more an hid ‘hens oem Pepe ome = a8 gecece eeallover the mot va very popul she fo trea awed INTERVIEWER And where do thy head when cane -HENG! Overwhelmingly thy go Being and ‘Shang They areby far out mon popu estes Ate cane oper nrc {tiesto ist bu share tat mone people ‘don sear far rom these cnc, eens ‘China bar mach mach orto fe ee Seder come Eke INTERVIEWER So, where wos you segs Prove poo fodder? CHENG “Wel depends wbaryou wane eo do rely. Welieotink weve gre sncthing Forevebods Mon oss are probity Foul hak of Chiao te obi pce fora beach holiday buf ou goo Haines ‘land of the sock cam you'll nd ropa ‘nd praise with cry esc [each Andy eno experiencing esl aia dee ar serer fea bin ‘ipl ning ccm ala {edges on a dy ce ‘ey porn cpery for ney ed Tenet And yoo ful ny soning ‘Sten, fom Haas you can css tothe ‘rails it Gos ste ich eel rhc fees Got dened with actrees sng aap le are a opens Tio dian rely erp” za bumboo shout non’ Call ar ‘ray wnteay la the Ler bout ‘ptoneafour hanes mnt stunangy ‘funiture rs sn poet Sahara cy nth ay of ore than 000 yea SRE ee ieee ler AG ite havo youre ater ten ore ‘poi or che Oc ofthe topple {Ermer eoure te Forks Cyn ‘ef trityou ely want xperencn {certecr|wemeting sin Deling ou ‘Soule in she tg hich ae hve arrow winding er ssl een Gy Rast sey fetes mor Tc nae ang Qian Siitwhch mene money marke) whee he nattowest atl 4 cm wie, 0 when Fropeope meet ey het turn ewar punch ert Br baie ing Tals ‘ecommend Xa onc ofthe ee {Ginsu le tan Being andi oft pn of he es Gnese ‘Sinasonin he Vow Rive af Sci omer ws cae Chg ning thereural cy sad was heft and ‘ed sft Si Rosh ewe nde roe Shidvoue they telah Tals beghomet he race wary, = au CHENG youre nm sige hen, pin {China igs le meting ot eee. Barthe mow want snd colour nigh in hin aks pace in Shan whch has Sern of he mor spbiined sexe Aigo in Al And rok eso sl ‘er popular whereve you got Cin INTERVIEWER. And what aout loa cuisine? C Well although Chae fond tar become 50 ellison Sd love alone the wo, Tor ae fen surge when ey Epoerens rea Chie fond Sitwkristhae © Welt tbe Canons ile of Chins fod thats the most opt iasexasran ars the wor foc ete Cantonese ans barn top xpesly ends wo be adap {0 Wesern tach Cant od cones {tom the Guanong provinces ‘Gina, whee there yng het eying that waa, ums cea rhs eae ‘Glanne check seal pris nae ‘ooking bch characte ty sh ‘egrets apd ery mid pce Ba ere ae many diferent ses ofcasine n Chin, ses Catone nae he Boing ‘Shang ean he eechuan se 8 iggy ed ig ack In Shanghai you man ry he Sangh ok tn, and in ach province yout felipe hosed cone the imate fern ape nbs you arin Chin choccy Sree Gs : PRESENTER, Have you het of‘inpostor syndrome" Ne, fro omeoce tying eal Your em veh nagging tng hee {hough to eeyoeedaevoa sc spony ‘evel and apa aware Yousre oovincd that ou area fig you way ‘oops arse any moment ow yu ‘ound out. Sound fm We ered People abut he lite syndrome rob the Prenat couch Eke INTERVIEWER. Valeri had yo bean of Inpoxersyadome tlre! YALIERIE Ye had acta vrs or ou read esr of, ogra of fams people and hey art of fe ll Stren shout bn aca pt those ar oi but understand wha, what vaio and fl hat perp ama be ot ed your pofeon WV. LSivagaedensngter Bove ome aero thar, odo ke sce And tk Raving ome late someting You bese, youre tndaf tela more ofan postr Besuse Jeuvelied lung ae aes, You sat pos be a eal eden dep Becey Tink te more you lars about something, the mae you knw that you dr knw 90 tkcoome, oa nom your conden: bes, ote ant of ea alco 1 Sold you thine paur cee ar soingso, ‘ort ramble to the ct hyo see ae tehin your or \v_ Will dont enn they do because tink ars of acing ane oop me the yous ‘ah overcome ha at do fe aie 1 Anya youve lt when you weresteake? V_ Yen tehine nthe wor son dow Trier what doyle ol Foe Eoow Halland wile, you knoe, somebody’ fang oath me gu ene dy 1 Rican, had yu ea fhe er impostor [RICHARD Not sda, nr uti you exe 1 Andon dohik youve personal had Sapte ote 1 Whjena I dont wan sound arognt ut Terk nr some esognie 1 Anh in at dou do fr ig? 4 Pmacaneramgn tenes 1 Soothe allh desert a proces ‘Spictng ee wonders Eom yo, Shin gee you el te ed Joucan eth wha tiny eed? Walia soinn pret, bth ehisk Trgood encagh tt mo of eine when tate minal onesie Pm oe 1 Thee: Ans inthe mean gel dy isk the here are pepeot re who ne derrakouping elo! 1 Novt donc, The mala foudy fala pobay oe leone pote ‘Noro, ony Hes toshow ay doe inion 1 Minar ad you ado impostor syndrome ble, MIRANDA Wal wel ade ad hes Rind opti de a po and yn nd ans atd shen tea aod hoa srl acy et lide ir ike an impor caine rence cy. Te han foros our of pod neem nin ‘laces this pee ff Belg having f pucenrhe monde ninety ds fall Fendc h,wich ony al nd Ait fr btm abi pid ore the word o gan alice dats So how ‘ul hs appent How cold hs bappen to ine And whet gan ce yep ip taking hares ing to Tn cry Mindset cally warts ts ‘rely want wha obese twa nd ‘weve found out that you tesa ous Ge 4 Naomi and Rachael NAOMI” Wat do odo ten Rashi to heer, Dour ape RACHAEL ‘Wel when fecg relly doa shou things al maybe eng ete ion oc arthing pec ne its moped a mew ac 1 ee Ie tes ht pepe are seme oe the yen and phooertpbs sd, oe pono sel kt om pas oncer tha ne ee ont of tocboxes Iatked wth the yar wen tho gs, fod somtines Hopes ene of hve ag ‘hroah things de Lindf remade, theese hada he pod tome Tread anda here wl bese moe “Talon The’ relly ice Wha abouryou? Wal behaves sometns I that sell Ihave someone pros when ‘evel And oy lok she, bat ‘hen taleays mass think have set ‘hese people forages want ee them ‘hen ae planning something sto ty crsomething ts ara ral does take you et of your Jour down monet, deren Yeah because sometines you get too suckin the oment thay actual ad yo fee you you oe perspec So ths tatters ior popes zez2 Helen and Alex THELEN ‘Soy what your refered pick me up then Alt ALEX Oht alvay bee peclme eve sinc iy eandaate tne lay wth ex Denti 7 Reco lae ander tose tac she de ‘Eomet ol vers wonder Anave ‘herys fund ta pura seem 9 po seat ‘otomy brai,ad ifsmy nods ana ‘Bove peste ie the ocesso, a of ‘Sune an, ean dose ange ke What Sony ae do you do! 1 Wels need some kind of pyscal lease rely. realy ke going Ke east ike Fidesrtop sped with tbe wind whiting in my ‘ss tposibleto el rete when ou ping round ike hat A. Thippose thane. 3 Fran and Lan ‘FRAN Sn tan you do cope when ore ‘Benge downs s TAN “Wel thse a soul fis eal Tus nad chescing yet go eng Erba ite jnrrea fn ands celal thdits quit and peace ad on my ‘en tutte sthveateing oe Iie boo seis ha its psn eerng noe me ore than really Sock then er BE gasslaure gen come F Ohh ‘hn thin about what do when P= cri, {nde on cal ane meting, a8 ne yew si find oat sas a. ‘Sebsow and hiking abut something Wings orth even and al goes ay Cae LAN Ho abot you? FRAN ‘Wall pcaly amit ntfs Mn. oo bp then um eed sot ited coy ay ad abe cnet Wibioends shar! tener ey fen Tn ean ad haem wt them ‘hes Ea forget aur whan nse theme andj emer the things 2a aan, sed to doe chem, an, ther st AEE acepey sey 0 don ive tn tm, haa hrgsh’s son aking not ery apr: Doesa Scaly ncn ety mh shea 1 Th gontmemonr abs be. + Baal Ea» 1 OSS. Ob, hi Al ve een ooking oro verge! es, Would you an Lisa ke {Deore snund toto eering ee et AL wesc we weal a Sonata wo Baye we ma [erga some ime » IL Wecant tomorro: Were ging ot 2 MARY Dothor ook OK? a Hz. on ike ih cous on you. And theyre tong run th his b) THz, ely shink dake olor you bes dp fo bac ness fee yu. And they ‘ol deh eng ae ese and the ps 5 ‘GREG That wa rst, wast it? Did yoo ey a IRIAREN No, Ldn, Mont of was ely ow Ae al ee eet erate ‘abba > RAREN Wall eas sor of aeesingin rts: Bruce honey ve seen Beer Brformance ‘WAITER id you enjoy your mel Sit? a MAX econ have ben abit hte. And b tncranaty the sek was on the oh sie, MAX leas souecold ad he ea was ough Cah “We were lining henge teow Teoh feck inaid neve, ‘epost tne some tie hike clout you te site ney, ve sen Bete performances DAN So,what were you wacing only st ‘i Set SUE" Oh Bi Brotber, you know you know ike s > s oes 4 ‘ise sali TV sje ney you ook tne levis, realy TV obi {2s jut elas eee yo ast was 0 furvourfecap andl wash over you, ‘noes inellctalyhankeap and ost ‘abba ‘Waly thinks anand acral sometimes sou sect keep ntoach wth he yours of {eday, dont you, a they ike hs soe oF thing so ealay Ten bye AWalety asad ndexment or society any. Walla fun sce people ate hie nor pvionmet testing thems. Burtheye not thou are hey? They 2 [Regie ted relate has een se, thats provost ere rene conti, [Foto eethewontsn peoples actly pking fn ae peop ati misery. fal tey Lao what ther sree themets info whats the peer? {Walt more fol hem any Mos a them ietayingto gt fame a soc Wa ‘Whar wold you athe wate the ‘Well Fike to wash moe spor and moe ney ay, ‘FEY cng por on TV sis sonal thetic Whar aboot some cose drama? ‘thse dllthough tonsa ot bens ‘Wale you sy you war oe lect ‘owalaed by the ean, thar ect what ‘Nov acuily, what Laat is vome good comedy forme rds. Anda. Sc rlaaing, os ke aiy TV. Nevgovan something that ales, Dov Kn, rea Something ta’ ona meh thot make ou lh ‘alm eRe Toasts ss Malreacho hic own Ee PRESENTER 1 So Tick wai shown nthe ‘Detnand bes igainthe Date ara TY vc St The ere wa 0 ‘eel poplar apes ove been he ‘Sipuinters eng ores whch se etal ote ie ona rope nsSESTERE Wu Tek tbe men fore phon Apart Dr art Cooper conse peter te et porlehandr sd ft penonto ke PEllora prac plone Al 373, ‘shan A gdm fn MMos Sen Von he Scale mae Sretobis ral Jol Ena who war th head hour tl abe Cooper as ero ‘vet ween Cope Ri go iivconmutsa he TV show tar ek tired ans xereh be cllpbone ‘Thetis pinaes waged rer compared torn dod eer ha wih shana fumeerie Did Star Tinie Vora an 2 which ste launchd 977 Wel Dr are ‘Ripon ase yeas ld when he ise trated Se Tel snd beame ected Pte et pce vel He want 0 ho bw far pace we coup and edieamedt bg scene feo he Susp Exerc nese would become 2 Senor fn ASC a Secched nthe Vopr probs orate ‘Soowatte gre hevlar sem and adi or netoearpce erro fSowing se compe, NASA agreed toon prong pace shar he Stach Enteric And ws Sr Te ipa oe MAL UCT cau probate Dr eb Ae, otto athe Stor Une Medal Eh atnowindge th ose ‘ingot cooley only Sear Tet inf ite De Mor heed apie edition. Medinet 1560, md 197g asa worl ay fo Str Te ited me Sangean exo Sher whee ens wel oho {labeler ar tbeproe was The ra gaoutemld eden teas DY McCoy guy ins ad woot {erp Ale wat something to sre or inte Be Adlerbos mend he bere steht detoy cancers el by pas Tinie of beams fran hugh them ‘Was Sar Tick the ipo eb ee Ie Wall Star Tek erence eve Teiman th hack ee lates as an ‘Copays a pple Compute Ine While ‘puting a ee of tar Treks The Next “Gentine sa something ta aed bs Imupnatin The robo character, Dats as {Sige call up ny moss hess fom hi ‘Simpuer Seve wuld aes be ar eam ‘Barivened Quick Tie technology which {stesso an play movie nd aad ‘le was this stat tht led pe che sro tothe PodAnomers_1 were ging tobe 2 would oon Seentiiad one Seteabore be fearon Supposed eer Eahes INTERVIEWER, Condotel, dion evs hie eer iat Soeeniaaciees rl ina? ANDER ob eh hee hu dene Ten analy ysl tc Firsererarbenioney prcec nde ese oti y Febru ein pow Total many pean te ee ere Eieeieridepetiooet ht nines ein ily tanh cng py em Erectile ar eae eure sdpiiiimeoemes tet iinln whecayaeiod eae yore tmors oso ge ptre age healer ou wh SRinites me tinieniee Slates tate Goemumeer doers Pecunia, Oo bntten onto egeuar isos sn ot Ftp demrehay al tion one sp aie repent ore dover ue SPSL Tae see ho aler eee eee Tig se eles eae as frets ik wh ting poe Seer ccnees ae Fou sos The guy aves Eiitmarachlaele pelos compan sg tritie ne irre acen seedstis eee ee ‘Spine eye acon ye ‘es oa rhe eget ple lacing ‘tues app ie Se eter EET eter Shanf=oespnbinieclaneryonte eae ieee enare SS he ieee gta toad ee Weel at ein wel tre fr ‘ete i of iti ap cae farrier ripe eryecaes abe ERVIEWER Cle he sini diferent Dew souces re meen in cir noe Coald rou exnisin tus bow the jurbalas cow an Undo langage oe? ANDREW he ented acy the pcre ae Wer andthe hadins ae igri more and find out wate rea wd thet al working woo ike Solow ar yourningte cameo a econ? © Wallsend ve bn ying dose Mork experience ds ond Tato peoplein how fleet seas ‘nd paan nh ve ok in leet Spe i acing, pb, ve doe Se harty wens st scl eying to ‘in some exper Fethi workng {sand ove cen found some things ‘ha doo wanes An Peel eee de ane work xpsece na [shin eae inking soot hae. 1 So witeyoe king» pear beer ging ‘Shen Wt ancy don ‘WILL Net lly he nied secondary cho da cal kom what te to boat sich frm cole ale a unis.‘oti of cone, eb Four subj eat Tenjyed tr & Level ad then chow the th apgoar bees hosp ta wood ge ‘nat ynrro wore wt acted 0 1b. And just waned bane up ya foe ticottine our realy bcs things ae een, ttely hee tee a press rao of Jarhsol wanted tora some tie 2 ‘ok xt comply wha waned odo. 1 Xaksgor ti youl beng eh yea Iookina your opaons? W Absolute ve newfound a lace thers to desponts sence son ely silinepors sone been 1 SCAG dooutkow mharyou want todo ‘hes you ease calles? (CHARLIE. Tdo no: want do law Uniesy an ve apple ahd ak got {plot lmade tht ecko afer ee 1 dkaly becuse wae odo Eaalsh 5 ‘would er and ees ale ou of ‘pv andloked round unertes nking Gig Enda and edie cick de ‘ah, andehars when Soap law ‘nist wanna do 1 Nal ye conden in yous coie om? (CHARLIE. Ys tfo t fe lot eter and Imorerigh wich ne tha han Fgh id Tred slocof acre it and ve foc plot ike te O14 Hae in Landon Eke ta caer, so found ery Intrening ve gone on a outa ea Feely sab daunting barely fecnegh 1 JOSH ees aio, ire, the sna thee compan diets and fexpoat lawyers an fan opie nthe Ge eps ou tank Tins Simpler ou of peopetion to what they ‘cra do for on. “TRACE. 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Wl, {hats wy poole eso reed saad Hive wo tke so mach cme of work eco thoy work too bard and eshings oto Batter some people thy lone thir work and ayy one Young you want ot fon you kbow, ou ave pt Gee carer ner, whoopee argon, Carey oy Lit You were sing? lho ae ick gsr a pet ent hey wom ge ou promotion, Weltownae| Yon sy tht nw bat wae nl you want nice hoose oe ash eat oF excuse Kan you sing that what ‘ehtard wa tere [Shywan taming yu do mane promotion, you usally have ‘What doe rong abous isha ployer Ina povnea for woking motes By provi you wean. ‘Wal orexample so hy can have fey, sfc het have to dog Ks fa ‘Shoal er fan of hem el tay ae week at ee they [Ad allo mote women werk urine or rob share cemen sourse ‘YG ihe Hew many men do you know who sre putter that hey se oak ae the ie [Ais You've gotme tere! Wel, pethasshey ‘Mou far more seeped ‘Tes jw what as gor tose. sa kind Eohcken neg susnion, Unt eplnes ‘Her people mor exe boars pares Sls motes ely. are sack bcs es Tetguity worn all-in Dt ned ork for whats rn and ote they Bae 0 ‘Susceanyay= they need the money. “Thejeotcn people with no Kd ihc an fou and say "Wel oy shel we coe or Sou Tespour hoe ove len,” ad {hey igh rent werner Orta: or fathers ave pci tearment Birk dont know dour me, afte, S25 oven were al reaps or ihe rare ‘rotator avnne® But nce bea Fase for employers woman ‘Whoshiswiyic would have belaw that hey Gd Ale all Listening Tete Teachers Book To tabs, Notso tangent bushes brani ating them verybere Se woes 0 peal atemnon round eho wv comintof people crewing around ina Teatnbonr slg loking fot them. And then (Beste chen wire ont her bookesse sostopthe rabbis esting er books. And he thing that il peer dope ee ste tet Se eo pu ee ry {morons longcot 2 high hes opened Ferconand ibe boping ovr fhe op ober wen re theo nb. [NATALIE Rel! mer emimat on theceain th work very day and, o tbe wa back ome, ‘hore gaya ets on the at and be Mares atone end of the pation, He, he hops ‘Gribenn athe bok ead anh al all the way ape cviagiy cough the tbe Ron oft rin adhe aoe ack gain nn be finde he erect seat Think es thar what be akg for men, ve een {evalng foro yar now And, ve sort a KEITH He sora steiner thn? NATALIE" No no her nt alee sspestoe ATEN Unde in dy cr andthe ony hing tat eam ps i domooin tht he's or eyng Bade Rater he nn choogbt ha was que Saure | That ver iar, Le Ted tomate to iverpool Suet ren ears and you've fst Femded ne aca thee was acu; who ‘Sa ron at kings Lyne ang al he ‘Ry down Liverpool Sere and he the Sonata exesodinar fbrows cht Tree puted on with very ey hey eyebrow rool bathey und eave ya fp oy ‘Rima Stuf ou bane; cheese ‘Oh, ox. [And heed to get she out ad ine hem Spe only jn rrembered ths How very sana YIN Sn hey ao ine hee py 0 hat there toy cold lookout of he window ‘That very, very bizare Iewsnexeoninary. Nery behaviour ‘Weal asd ts tere jos nosing shen and ‘body yu Krom abou eos kee Bish, Sub would ay anehing Bo ik, wy az ou ining pal these rps Sourea om coupe Coat i ugh does tha bashes sx, eink ‘Eviore unlemandsbie Ye, gute Barak des, he des suange things ean hc, she se collects pbtes wach lly ‘desu cos ey esa got berths Tllpnice oer and se ley ke sbe comes ome rom col tad she away or pockets hd poste fal of pels Gray pels ‘hr rake bein the pockee and 0.0, Sepa take you know bp Be af with he {patton any Reem hen ey ‘yee gor ths grea heap of pete ince fades Sh cllct thn wh her ens Sn gt es maken ptm dy She cals wth her trend Think andsoet ‘fcompure them. And be the thing stl ‘Sse she wen fora med and she ised tm putng on od sock chery ening. Resin ‘Yeah ihe waned op om iret cle docks Is vial tbe bghe a hn Shewom lever though i inher clase st schoo PREZ om PE nee 7%ve worked in averscing and Inakeiag fo about 20,25 years most ‘nthe copying sie So, hed me ‘Ste to flan campaigns, tte words hat ‘hake beaks eampaign forme, And! was parca impresses saw yats OL sow, ba parcsiaririmpesea wth the Coes Cola campaign, whch focused on the al hing Ac che ime ‘when itcame oot wondeted tow thi wuld Sok br they wed tac pase scons TV “Mhersng,lbotds oa commercial ado, nd was parcial mpresied, 9,6 the campaign beaut othe words che real ng The wordt jut ples thas prt of everyay le. Coca-Cola you dost Raver sete nae, hear logan ‘ofthe saline thee wing Then you have “Thera thing. The reaping, well ene, is the rel ara nt ofcourse, Eheim positon Pepe Cola, mayo I iteen suggests hey and good 4 You he hig an hen eh ‘lan eeeaay ter, something thats pact. 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This knoe a the development, ad whatever hen happens Irae he sory ven moeneresng far “ompliatio sd thea something get vored ‘ua you hve she ending thereon, ‘And thle lees canbe mised opm sy ‘eng ad shape, and» joke can bet sor ra narrative can bea or, ustsomeone ‘ling seebing char happened ohn that ‘notsingeas bea story. Anything cm bes ‘or, bat yout pring Won the radio otal feet hon ‘soa got to have something ‘her aenton and tha whee theese eee eee ree ner, bu up the eson lvoe Along he ine the ade cay forthe tory focame oan eading=potive, mesa, happening, sending or even» ah = becuse joe a tory wel "Aze you tee? asked the man, who was shout foot aller thane. Hooked ap at Hine an odded unctainy Jolie said you becoming” be mustered, and tered me is hana A ip atong hand. shook fe "Caron he sid then sured is back and tres innid he estarant. “Cost i” olowed him gid the restaurant, Kwa all very eet, wich ables prepared, and st ighting ae wee mm oct c's your gitar? id Carlos “Pundod* Teepe The tar Jolie sai you wera guitar play” “Aas Did she I wammered back, Cats loomed wer me like a gant ‘You haven brought Your gta?” He fled hi sm and ook te ke Fined ie day He Sed Beet and storied of toa hac rom. ‘was left sanding the desered eturan wonder oad ek ae ne savthing ee Happens. What was Carls ging ‘odo next? Was lin the wrong rstaur Retore ‘eoald formulate an etic la, che ent door ‘pened a Julai, eof Desh She ood June lovely as the nigh efor. wanted say omething charming sd fend ba all could ‘manage ws “Ub steve!” she exclaim You're Gres! ‘Where's your gurae?™ {sil was’ pectely sar wy people kept on Asking se hs question. But one att fy thought procenes mere daunted when Carlos marched ack ins the room, Bandahog’s tered old gar Ir had sen eer da "ian pees, ut youl hae ses” he ‘muted; branding the guar ae To add oy confason, Julie wen to Carls and gat hit, ised hin om the eek, and held am. They stood ext eo each ther, ooking a he ‘cereal. Timed cok he gitar and looked sti like Fd never een one etre After what seme ike hous lie asked, “Wel, Steve? What do you hinko” To be bons. he oly ‘hough my head wes tat Je ad Calon were ley 2 couple. So what was I ding hee? You sai you wasted ty loge on he isan” 8 Jolie a be read yin, “And toutes biline gutarat® she etaded me, (Obyes, 1 mighescienaly have exagerted soy meal abilease right dda teie Lae ong to Be ered on i the next day. "So ne ‘hough ne'd offer you a jbl We eed something ‘o.drw the costomersin Live asc Thar ‘what we thought st, Carlos fle ooked padoringy at Caos, whois ura lonked a me Ie sry dog had jst walked ino he ana Wel neds nthe eeng tated off quite tha and gull ghe won Some comet id seein dy ae iowa played my only wo anes very wel An riertbob pen en These lapped ple And quick It made wp Seophurhe gtr whe so dshat Tesi lay ally oter anes Ah end of he evening, handed he guitar back to Carlos, and be ofeed me re diner for ally “ard work BucT made my excuses snd leche restaurant a quik as cul, without ropecy saving odbye wo Jai “The nex evening Iwas ck nthe ld with ay fends. There was sil something ising but my ‘Sancing was beter than cre Ea JOHN When you'e ling a story onthe radi, "he Best and ose mporeane hing to get h listener avlsed. Ge he lntene itenng ad You dota wa vartoas rhea echngues {nud pauses and yeh and tee And 9006 foes range of word: verb act ve the erin to kept sory moving Kes). itive The neh our chee of wor, the mere iret the iene ong fo be sod ove got ovary the pace youve sot fovary he tres youve goto ld wp the ‘eonon,perape make te) erp lt Someta surprise th iatener wah ieienealithetar ie on direction Thetne of the sey ging ‘oe adged by he stent rom our one oF ‘oie as You tl the tory. So, ong be Uipine and excel. rs going ene a In eles gig ob serooy et ‘ing obescaryé What hind of ompbere {vou want octet th yor vice nd with the range of vocabulary cat you are fein ia Your ting fs stry? You've goto make [ounap sic has he ements we metoned Clie the begining, he mile te eod= Totyou alo have tore a fow to make sie {helineners cared slong wh your ling ffthe ory, make sure that the lene Ee INTERVIEWER Good mori! Inthe ato seth stoiay weave 208 owas clnce {ence ural sash bey ‘toking ona TV doceenary ich [eet ral yf ous rec [Seis pt arey othe 20 Tce‘ue steers would nie ery afl oe ow they dt 208 ving ara cl oe! We ‘scone te, somenme comet cine, Sou did hae avmach ogo on. These Uap ofeoune, ekaigues ae mach more Sophie Receaty o examl, there wae {Be lamous case won» Kidnapping wasted 2D year liner, the sel of anemone srarseexamin andthe tine ts of dled ‘Miva found there 1 Selle tiepper hades eked be fevelope nt 2 He would bein pion now exactly. You feta beso casefaan golive anys of ound seal 1 Mihi ease said han don, presumaty sinc out DNA ein sealy every el sn ur be. 2 need fa peron doce want eave eve evidence ty soul jase through window bea any ae lass roter dae fe ha matter“ setche Pine forexamole comes it ry hanes fp foremic sess, One Durga who eat Found sseaythrodgh his DNA, woeld Bove fc away ih completely he bes Sesang ache tine, 1 Andi were comming burly, PU be fete weningglvey our 0 ot 2. Sex proving yo dla eae les behind {pthc can aio Betried fay ui ksshe fine waeocks. Soy test go btetoo then? Als bat even the ines tagcat of kin i rough to mach yous os acl be ‘tr ff covering ups mach spol! Bc canityou can get round he probly ‘weving enooeh ches ike ik brates No monly loves ad soc then, ‘And ncedes of yoate og to bre 2 Rowe jl obigu try not draw {eso youre Done sragger oo wits ‘huge ees, o whareer Do ae. ‘andavoid he rempeason rsh our ae ‘star youve olen sigh awa INTERVIEWER And wha does a would-be andere avec beat a ind? ‘208 Welk what slr abou mot ils is they ar wool, tae! sore of pose Thy Semto beable to cary ona orhine’ ‘pnenesbeaving per ermal nat, 1tey were ach god etre mos then ‘ro probably hve ben fund et ch ‘ork Seer ofit comes downto personal? 1% Nex and vou bray needa water ih alibi too, Andhang ew maga ohn to ‘Shiu the ce mph Mago? 2 Ye forensics use creepy rae {oliep tem wok out the ined ce of ‘ka iy counting how any nas ae tna kody, and how mature he Yuan Saves prey god ides of when sreane (GL Unto eh maedrer ha prem here Semele of course Yost king 2. chau been inown, And fies are wal, too, The kind place ouresm wil tac ‘ier kinds off s0 you funds boy inthe counteynde with uaa fies on tbe ‘Parder woul peo have Ben come Insheoy 1 Thasinie 2 Theelioty yo a ave todesoy ores orl of any es 1 ytd oon thee mld ba crayon arth walter 2 Yen thhig wth pon is acral Secu on oor where wa raed Sdvace rack othe emer Scully Haale core arn ene 2 Walks : 2 Wal exams you couldusanisl, rieisicrceilherme: 1 SiPstyone happen come aco aby Secroasmall fool waee yoo koow ‘acs appne 2 Thala ae ciesne il lately sar Har eo ayo your bens Be Song comeing rnb cael ‘Seon obancs naling nad of ‘Eisies morc andor prouhleeerySe! 1 tale Anyway iyo tein our Poramime Ea INTERVIEWER nur opinion ow mach eat ierenion oud tice bem proples trey et STEFANO "thnk basil oh ate ‘mera fer amps skin pc pub lcs hae has god ‘SEIS en proved tape eokng Shilo pol and porate ‘hath overnee pee i Pole telee Dome geen hata ah c0 feta emer nee Ea Seen sing nme om led ‘ics bt of coun, woul ape fhe Srcmimee ra ca ool allowed {Sree ocmgl smoke napa ptt ‘Sot oull e danaly to re HALTHUD che ce fat re cetyhas tote owe te rention ean rae pling op nd na aren are rang oe Sneteediodevomehioyend, care oe tub seem oes god ers it Sone roleplay throws, pee JUsTYNATaluoapee ith coin degree tise ren nares es 2 ‘rvronmetal es Hower wes comes {othe eae tnnvenng peo els Teecrampepomorag mera nro Gracies Rake eh {rater England heels Sat ping on abot x nerpions fr ‘ped fetch ohne serble ‘Sine a pi hr pre and ‘lena Te tonal mesos rome ‘hoa bent tom tr xem wl Terme ee eeceene 2nd for example mare Think th Severn ie Bae POLICEMAN igh, Mike call we just go over [MIKE 7 You going realise aes keeping me about hit Te tl ou ‘seryting Em I wee rose end Tyocback home te There been 2 ress nl pole wore swarming over he fat. fa A Yous itall se me eyo hada! PM Wel hax on shat parce 700 Sey aera our eal ogo ad vis your epioend at Soha! Cant peoplesty frend? POLIGEWOMAN Aconenie ait thous, a Heeling topo, ea om the loosen ada a ifyousn PW Anyway, ay you wet oa about 7.30. ‘tata bute ene Gears nual oes ‘ut Hever stays noo a Peay even, Boke 1M How boul know? Wete nen at the pr you kao pw Well urs os what we've herd Weve esc yuan ont oer. Any, Fat chance hate grou det ot {opros wai hn, one chat csidenee ‘Welder have ad anything do wih she $EEoo nce Ucn att day fr ‘iio any chance? 1M How mec PM Ont ome on Mike We were bora ‘esterdyt You knew bedded aay omewtre And who ce wos Ree Ktown secret hiding paceunde be tas? 1M Yowralme, sles you sviouly know all he a Any youl saying hit you tye Emr eveing the mong wan en? _lpse fom when nipped ot gees ps PW Rig, you went on our owes dit yout 1M Teta ce? ma had aed xe, Pre flow conc You suse wanerpecing yO. MIKE Dunno. Ache = Xt And wher wee yon wen ou, eact? IM. Aroandehe~eheortake he mite Phe Tooth pporuniy og kt your Ba, dieu? 1M Aree seins? Why wo want that? PM Well haere wed the tksow: But our ttigbour suerte sr yor ging round {obs erdog was basking she baked fez what wang 1 Shewoul hes ony ol i. a ind Statute bo oti. Pot Sor vote saying you dda back? Mt Thatseie ie Pr ovis rs coincidence hate found os of ‘izes nhc bin your an oi M Martbe FM Andy wen ou gor bck w Enna, wha it posttest iW he endo tht soap opera usp Mt One Tsai Bur mised the Whar happened? M_ Enel Es Emm was goigon about fointhing vo tek of hac nas opening rw Sayed nat Ema diy? It Que te Time es when yeu having fn. Pw Simm Expense phone youve st shee Nt ewan a pest om oy man, PW Notun ntti wep? Expecially {ora hig id iyo, Mt have 08 ard on our ee Mea Be tein ost 1M Toe youre or big on mean yu know i iy done you steve le?Ehes 1 POLICEMAN. Youse,tllstkesme ss er a MIKE tha doce Z POLICEWOMAN Anyway, you say you wen out tahon 30 ih tou tie Gee ening dese 3 POLICEWOMAN Wal thes aoe war were Tear. We've near ye alae ot topesher Away ust By bance that te nig you Aided nat topo outwith hin. otha Eeinelece? Would have had syehing > Sowa £2,000 cath heen pa that ay for bldg job by any chance! MIKE” Hoar much 4 MIKE’ Apar fem when ined outta st 8 iva POLICEWOMAN Right so you wot ost on our own di 0? 5 MIKE otha cine? Emma bad alread exten POLICEWOMAN. How come? You sd oe es cae 1 POLICEMAN Right, Mite, could we nt goon thisone more ine? zi) POLICEWOMAN Anyway, you say rou wet one stab 730 lee tas dot ne Case ‘Sealy poet He aver ssn oa Fay rnin does MINE How should know? Were nrjoined a ‘teh you know, POLICEMAN Waly ht on that paricalae ‘ight ou sodden tke to your ead po nd wa yur eins MOK Soha? Cant rele a rede 3 FOLCEWOMAN Wel hats nn wc ‘Anas jue by chance tse igh You ‘kl arto go ours ma ha tinedeces Would hive had aytig ‘dene £2,000 nae hen pa that ay for Paling joy by any chance? 4 POLICEWOMAN Anyway, yousy you went out seat. at ah ine Ge ‘rein dese Es 1 A Thaertgoeany money nme gas Iso thi surrse? Sowee mesg anne, ate we? Yen tter ty W pees ‘Could you pu eerything in he dbaker, plese? ‘Whi should Smaps de ‘Thank eodeess it rie Whit hae "hea fom Tesh. (0b so she ally deseo phn, id) {bee 200 people are coming othe wedi ne ome money. ce Ob sda ob yar Ge EDDY CANFORDUMAS. One pen ht) hak ver nana wna called Hoa ender nd he eve er sy hterck mes nlf se sranordneypovon in Si woeing ‘Sanday Swan blr te Sl Sd eb ypc “being fora yume i Sc wet ‘Bholand hn sho! ean watt esc kdrncomts irceld Caer Slacon nd he gain eal dren Sopost was brn rsa wo ig op Ini Andsbe pe ht ceo ‘Ben seed och hot thew il ee SoS Sy aeeapomstonere Soeeia ecltin onreea ‘Satcher acd he wr be {ouigges peewee, Sse ppd or Saws bin New kd ened hr sory nciics ba ren ne Teenie alae teckel har hehe ound whi we Flarenendy inst a New Ser watcinrdinsoorand nae ve tahoe wo come oe sry Sealab ave opr bor tn abc a scabs gtd lft Syne senrninveigie wher then war ing Tran sow hse guipmensn she ‘Rpanpround watered nse Ang the ere aco ely SfekesirigNew Yak ress por Some polls oft cavand soe were {ot fics tha rt a Sofete ened waa ome of he ote fbb chee hte pipe! ape ‘ty soso he woh a ‘Bedi omelnvesttng a done hae the the theron mit New ores ‘eer dt the gay fi Shed ‘Sento New So soe Folin New Ye sl bid coy Sh Poteau pole was lng [etramthe se fhe snake he sna So te da tyme sn the nih areca Stale dardisemnion bem pe Sparta hehe dat western ee ‘iether dome mre sch anda ‘Recher mars era in show nation, har you kon, abou ple heath aso fp Soy she wed tito persuade ABC, ome of fhe the networks, take his venus, they hey agreed cos they sa tha ee aS Ss tnad Ad very soon ee mea un est Yok Ciy was coring hora ‘And ofcourse ce tare in New Yok itraelid srs the county all srs of Sher tes and evelyn rod ‘he word Sete the day polltonn es that chav iia wenher trast comes ‘how beans ofan women Te petting ‘ho asl Henderson tha she aie sepshre Shean vor ogres srry and eats appear esa in 400 ewsppers aru the werd So sain, th aie hue onc otay won Sec tae she wasn going atop with are dengccrons cooctoctg tne Tocal pst an tang icon and ing to rae ea ditreee Ea introdaced by Simon Gre PRESENTER. Today we ae ooking 2 emotions ‘and wih ms nhe sao ae oe rest ‘ents Dr Aaron Palmer and: Macon oes Ft Aaron meer peopl le 0 ee emote Wh iy ac AARON Wallin the 197014 Dr Ekman fom the ‘Univesity of California deve lis os ‘use emenion which arrange digas es Viger ee fina? A Tenis fie say mose members fhe Scie commun ae that ys, bs 'PBacmen doi experene the same emotions as semen, dork 1A. Whoevcrsid thats wry. All hamas beings ‘perce the same bec emai They a5 ‘heoset expres ths mtn erent Ok canyon tow Ekman at 1A Wl iy be tase i theory on rose ‘ur resetch done on ace a Pap New Guinen was comple nlite ‘rie the il wed pet make ols aed Sreapoes An Beran umd thr he pone ‘Mom thre cold ray ely acl xpresions of emotion, To dose wed Fotographs of peopl om aot the word ‘And hey cold emia the bas emotions ‘rom the phoropraph even sought ad ble oo coast nay ner cokure itor MARION’ Yes infact betever thi expecinent ‘mas carted uth esl were the same ‘Whoever saw the phen enti theme trons. Hunan dover snowed tha the ical expeesns noite waht ae ‘cin re onsen He refs cond {ehomansarehorn with he abi 0 cognate AA. Ofcourse, our ancestral on thes ase {motions ay alive. The aria value owt ike fese, Sgt ad fossa vis Whenever you come aos something ‘Soriano ron say ny hee Jou come seus something ent gare Josedon ett watever gives you lease, Amore aft ec But pond ese se orion there ar errs whch are refered SRigher emoeonDP Andhey ate 1h Wall cto are nor as well ded asthe asc ‘hes bey sade mac things 5 ‘nharrmment same, pie sympathy. These ‘Mecmasans winch ae hugh to beconBeed forme human alone, cheno 3 abet of iefge frained mammal evel whos ae ‘led wohuman 1p Sccwhardo dee higher mesons vein 1M Walt thee motos us hat, ‘he person exereningtheeton actly Fein For example nthe ase of ear the [paso dy tact be ear starts pamping Seog enn ie ‘eins onthe oer and, af tered ‘tharos people mig be hiking abr Fu. Cl yougie an exarpieh (GK Well take embers and es fake asta ks sping cote all ‘rer yousl, Now whenever you dois ates nyu ors chem apd hoes ‘any imey ou oe aly to cme nesta, Be you pi coe all one Soul mse ob place, you might well Encased Sogou eying ther im embacrassmenia {HCA ly brim harks gh think of sou 1M Mesevacty and hac the diferenceBerwen oa fe sme wih gon prie Do we cal el ‘rproud whe oeone ee wins INTERVIEWER, Dopo thik ating a fora woman har ecrsopped you fm dong meting you wanted eo? And you could Ipeyelic spina maa ors woman, inch wuld yu hoon an ni? BANA Wall etal tice hr siaation cute reco when wanted tel Tow ab tosmude forsee yes Fou ew gst oy Sounty “insu Anbia~youate prt af Stele of people of pil nyu eros break ‘farce Soba hw tes forme. oy yo want evel with you en tere are $ret congtons or doing thar ifyouare fr Like, my bother wants weave wh Fietriende ars OK, bur waar toxin ‘ethamy teas pent or another ale Tu he wath to protect oe becsane eae ‘owas song ashy But in at ded ave ‘Teme leame ee tone, And suits tengo expericneeactuly could ve inylie spi, Imai choose abe a wom ‘ese ike ngs woman! When [ie Wines Laveen of iferences. And Wow kind and watmeartd andwe care owepeole yknow yen ce lg of Tee note ely hough about. Everything "ve sor of waged 9 do has alays been fom ‘ule perpecte Sey dat kw any aber ‘ering than beings ma. No, TITS le spot and ors ha, oe Severn sy problems wek = all owed ‘robb from beng el a map, Teus, vn, {don hank bisered me tal Defnsl happy tying na ayo Kom eller Bt fora yoo "oulcome fac man a pina greater undersaningo empathy then Food pebabidotat Along as could ‘vert tick otenga man sl [MICK Wal yen fnmly noigh the on ag ‘hat Tesnint do an probably aver be Hite doles sence propre far bond {Tagine tel i ge ce ocebing thar ogy, abril eset so, And Irsething do thik boat hve let of female ens hat have gr bbls an have front and haves hai the bares ‘Eig isan the most rewsdig thing they have ever done nee e-Bay, {Gviomething tae wil aver eer be aie {h.insome spect wht wis aseahore, “Soeeitones athe oly mammal wate ‘hein ges rh: Bt having ial hat, mere to comeback, hint prob se ‘vou be san ay" Wah when think boot ay cildood Tt at hogy dadranease bo it ‘oul wastocaht up na oss of bose “od dere wanted oom in wh the ‘eal Rod I thn won have bee ely father ood att, bt was allwed They ‘onl they woulds eee oar never TrUTen ap doing alee, ofcourse Test good enough Bae thik won hveteen ety god otal one wa tnd anthe_ Ad and ove the gas ely ‘hoy So that that would have ben 3 oodraasonto Bea fel And wate ‘Sy lde again thik abi protly would {yas ale One eson bing that You ‘wouldnt veo que upnhetlets Ang ‘Be neyo veo ik {JOEY "thus cer stopped me fom ding ving ve wanted 6, br big woman ‘Ents harder and more complicated sn hat Youre ryingrodo.ajoband yo alo having {olook afer yor my Ad Thave denies teen wih women hat Tr why yng Fags ho ewo things cane gue deat [SMPs con old uprhercaeers or eke thee fel ehrthey'e for sucess a dng both ‘Bing sconce. guile be aman Sevthar i ie bu eink Tcboose tobe Seon bene think waren ate eter ‘Shuman td hey hve chr es th {he oceds, Adhey can haves realli they they ook at 10 Oks ata inimy case, being man has sr topped te dong ating ated to do rene hae ways ted things ke Katee uy tal ale ror hob ite the guitar, bo oe lee gta, othe plano, ut za ian, oldie hav thse Kind of probe Bat hull, Ihave fend who waned todo fallee-daneing tone rales or because ‘this ater noord want i eenage Son dung alle dncing FT wert le my ie Sg, oki wou ie to bea any ecaane cf ome fora Sean fal and ‘weave some values which are not macho, chat he man nsesporste and aso ake {tvof te amily And ike eaponsibies ‘tally think wads thee’ ot mich ‘itreceberenn en an women No ike Sheree before Soy don ink Bees fmbenmas ora woman ffs ha Tie ‘Svile ea many and ke making other ‘peopl fel comfortable ‘CATE “Money can't buy you happiness say eaten chink wuld hve to opree tithe Treg. meas, eco that we ned Moneysme do nsdn for ou based, but money not het to apis hin thse ans bese cn pay ‘re tnportant es [MAUREEN know alo aeons ht Cate, buen hey ning oueons thing anne posenom cnt ima Sys lites teehee ‘ppt tha ang money ave one makes thaknony comb You epics Yo know itr by You me to <2 Ee things ou trod eae ere Semating att spd sine being poo, ‘hateve Stn corny, ko Telly aby ou happen nt yineit ¢_Wamean you doo have 10 wory about ‘mony tht il slows yoy wd some [Fei tar gh conta oward fourhappne the har one ying, Xtra 1M_ Site iink, yeah, yon kno yo oud ely ‘cme whines yu nated be ihyou hare em ofmaney. You pow ec pele ‘enapy then Ido have any saps ierthan Se they have eed te opponaniy they hve ond bare that ond ae them hap. PETE Wall tha abe hing that do evra fone el ake ovbanny? Ose the haplestmoment ny [aan he foam pay fon we AndTeapest yo fads ban ne Seth hr happened fon yeas enews Goel he apps snes ve ee ds ant ‘hired Seber pone Andi Sires Jong. Ie Sosm rer wea Som ae you ca by thar king o eld hc nan le at yous Cae [now aay ho worked nb Ci yor ow, inne moncy masteeand be wrk al toa, fa mean burs so Bea oy ‘Sc msing hme mernment er “ThbsSibe Seamed And aay beg nde way hart a Mesut maton Thr’ Back oscar’ Twersarite money can eyo {thar yon want oo sd tha cul ade, ou Enon giving tay i Bl ate” you Riuvbeste a beer pero, ee cisely, hk wencedsome noes ‘road are vith tae Nea Andoorhaing Serres ll walsyeorsuetngbe Teahvive ten here wong bo were theca enn omer noe So Yeomeny cone you om woes ba he ‘Seldon ms cane goo bre? Teeia Tar dirs. Forte it Ande ie when hey say ‘heey cat yy baw ta ot {tose You have took ow og Seine in oo coun, Test remembee ‘newb cet ead about iscwhee the sven Recep) ‘Beoneting Yeah wth you hat oe. [at when hey Sy money cn buy you lve? ‘Ain {sin con somctins Ede know be that ‘ely ice ohare of monejo Secale ow Youmean do some roca? Yea Hear hart Baeee oxANNOUNCER And sow Spd ntodaced by Kate Conrad Te subjects ogee Sanh Kms, PRESENTER Back mthe en 9605 in Europe tbe UK and the US here were many ‘community le ampaigos against pce sncons and Satish Kuma wanted oe part ‘rthiepeee movement Soh ns rend plsnned ese her nase homeo Inia nd walt ound th word for peace, ving theteads ost in Moscow, Pa, London tnd Washington eo tc ndin one tf Sanches eho nota ak ay ‘ney wih shen thou. Hi reason trans atthe endo each days they had Talked 2000 30 mies Sash nahi frend Msi h evhauseds andthe had mone, they so vorsrtauran snd bd rhe igh: [ike id thi te teacher hey taka met anyone and hy nie pos Snir mesg However i they had nang ‘al they moi be Fred repo he dacs of ranges wo wre Bend oak them hy they wee taking thorny 50 thermo ie, wb weer portly moves inde anyways of wsthow ay mesne Paving or ane wha whic meant ‘Bor our wan oly unpedtable PRESENTER Andy as we igh imaging ic 8000 snle mall crsni aun ey Secsedees Irtok Sat ood is coro throug dsens, mot, tras sow {nd lui est They were how ea inancy they ted gu inthe US, bot hin pa nem if heir son fr peace. [eter the deminasom ws made en Stent het on hat way to Moscow they creo women who werked ine face fee eh xpanes why they were omg he ‘ele one fhe women gave tn oar smal Paks ote, onto bedelvered exch of ‘helene ofthe four muses power with his ‘Benatar ben sop fora mina shave ‘sib cap oft” Sata aa Ms feed dd venta eter ‘peace ta oe ees of thetour acter poner and ee one ‘hoesn thi journey see eae of (Gault nia nd ourcy ended at theprate of obo FRennady nthe US. And 1s notewordy sha apare fo cosing he Engh Chan and he Ala y awe, relied wale al he wy. [cos FRESENTER Tharoune supe uh est Salers eae eee eee SSiimers akin ora asian US Chen cryigth gs es secs hel ene apa he es eee taitiaey berth cnn fomentelg hen oly en bang, Sor Su codadd hac pole col ae ‘ean of sory rion ngage ag Se een ‘habe wea ehe st ada ache Cantera one wh on snot ingest. Ee TEACHER OK, 0, iy should agpone want “oxy cong Nera he ‘eee 0 the omy sciences burbeeve ‘Selim Pape you tnink interes (ame nd the tos ld Hea ath ‘epic yout nd ot thn ecco ely ste ent of eveything eS, S,if Souhsveancndentancing of enmames, o Eis s teforeatoe salir endetzad sshesbuppeing murine 25d sound the ‘eld Soro that not, hope Tea covvince Jeu-io hve mimes =a rather than bing ‘oom; Reowndge of ono ein ct princi throws om yer mo Som pine dd the tlk ito thee ‘ettene Fr of alow sonomic rl ‘eal ite-Then ll go ono he less. Stalese And aly deus arte Es TEACHER. Let are wih wositnoes How ‘ean offou mou kero make the wor ‘ever uct Leeks porn. The coving en worl ood ples ely tolead co sras obese of ame in ‘Exedeveloped comer bch ey once snd hse bar lot aoa ths frm poleany, yer rooted comeguences ae ‘Economie Intact, most othe works problems ime undewon erm of economics, ‘Ghwnaty we prove ey awe 20 thet protien but does ays, Foretample we explo he earths resources eee en eon ‘Tore. 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I mean, I'm afraid Ididn’e Aen beniena AaRat OR, Ereoiaeee rar mee esSelf-study DVD-ROM Instructions What’s on the Self-study DVD-ROM? © over 300 exercses to practise al language areas ‘© a Reviaw Video for each unit ‘* My Tests and My Progress sections '* anintaractive Phonemic Symbols chart © ane-Portioio with Grammar Reference, Word List and Word Cards practice too, plus a My Work section where you can bud a digital portfolio of your work ‘© the main audio recordings from the Student's Book Use the nevigats to go to deren! of he DVD-ROR, Choose a unit (creste vocabula and grammar to Practise the new foranguaga int language trom each Student's Book lesson Watch the Review ston tothe mal Video and do the recordings trom Student's Book read the sors activites, Go to the home screen. Get holp on using the Se-study BVD- Look atthe Phonemic Symbols Go to Cambridge Dictionaries Onino ‘chart and practise the pronunciation ‘vowel and consonant sounds. Check My Prograss to see your Explore the e-Portiol, scores for completed activites. Installing the Self-study DVD-ROM to your hard disk © Insert the face2face Second edition Intormociato Solfstudy DVD-ROM into System requirements windows ges ae your CD/DVD dive. The DVD-ROM wil automatealy start to instal Follow the + Nominee instalation insuctons on you screen. ‘+ tanmum Gera | @ Ona Windows PC, ifthe DVD-ROM does not automatically start to install, open { Mrivun some inaactvasece | "My Computer, locate your CD/DVD cive and open it to vew the contnts ofthe ape eetsge aes DVD-ROM. Double-cick on the Cambrgedpplicatoninsate le. Flow the instalation instuctons on your seen, Mac 08 eTitoae a0 sachet | # Ona Mao ifthe DVD-ROM does not automaticaly start 1b instal, double-click on the face2face OVD icon on your desktop. 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