Monthly Feb

FEBRUARY
2019
MONTHLE
FEBRUARY 2019
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Index
Contents Page
No.
From the Directors’ Desk 3
Victory Story
“Analysing mocks is probably the one most important thing you can do get into the college of your dreams”: 4
Anup Joseph
Current Affairs Timeline
National News 5
International News 7
Banking and Economy 8
Appointment & Resignations 8
Awards and Recognitions 9
Obituaries 10
Sports News 11
Defence and Space 12
Science and Technology 13
Current Legal Knowledge
Legal Affairs 14
Legal News 15
LE Explains
Pulwama Attack and the challenges in the aftermath 16
Non-Aligned movement and its significance 17
National emergency concerning the southern border of the united states 18
Potpourri
20 Legal One Liners 19
Maxims and Foreign Phrases 19
LE Prep Assist
Mentor View English Language 20
Mentor View Mathematics 21
Prep Test – Logical Reasoning 22
Prep Test – English Language 26
Current Affairs Practice Sheet CAPS
Current Affairs Practice Sheet (CAPS) 32
Answer Key with Explanations
Answer Key with Explanations Prep Test 46
Answer Key with Explanations (CAPS) 51
Published by: LegalEdge Tutorials. 127, Second Floor, Zone-II, M.P. Nagar, Bhopal – 462011
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From the Directors ' Desk
So here we are, back again with just over two months to go for probably the most important examination of
your life (so far!). We sincerely hope you're taking it with the same seriousness :)
Also,
We hope, you're devoting the requisite number of hours for preparation.
We hope, you're analyzing all your Mocks thoroughly.
We hope, you're getting your doubts cleared timely.
We hope, you're going after the difficult topics/sections also.
We hope, you're not wasting more time than absolutely required.
We hope, LegalEdge is helping you in any which way required.
We hope, you're hoping too :)
Lage raho, ho jayega :)
Regards,
Harsh Gagrani Karan Mehta

(Director, LegalEdge) (Director, LegalEdge)

Victory Story
“Analysing mocks is probably the one most important thing you can do get into the college of your dreams”: Anup Joseph
ma’ams vocab classes in necessary for remembering
those words, for legal reasoning solving all the past
years questions is a must and get all your doubts
resolved ASAP, for legal knowledge Harsh sir’s class
notes and past year questions are to be solved, and
most importantly do not skip any classes during the
revision period at LE, you will definitely learn
something new or at least know where you stand at
that topic which was discussed in class that day. Keep
working on your weaker sections and keep
sharpening your strengths.
Anup Joseph (AILET AIR 45) 4. Were you scared of any subjects in the beginning?
(NLU DELHI) What did you do to overcome that?
1. How instrumental has LegalEdge been to you for I was not scared of any subject per se but compared
your preparation for CLAT? to my peers I was weak at GK, the only way for me to
Legal edge has played a very important role in my improve was do exactly what Abhishek sir told me
preparation for CLAT, the whole faculty there helped which was revise, revise and revise. My only
guide me to the path of success. Specially for keeping suggestion to you would be to talk to the faculty of
me motivated through out the year, the GK weekly the subject you are scared of and keep on keeping on,
tests by Abhishek sir were instrumental to my success keep on solving the questions, its about perseverance
as I was weak in this subject, Harsh sir’s constant now the improvement may not be that big looking at
guidance, Anuja ma’ams vocab classes were most it from the surface but yes it will be of tremendous
crucial for me personally as they helped improve my help on the D-day. And to the aspirants not even
score, the whole faculty team at LE made all the touching the math section, please solve this section,
subjects interesting for me and Vishnu bhaiya and give this section just the right amount of time that is
Deepesh bhaiya were also there for my constant needed and then move on to the next section, you will
support. definitely get 5-6 marks in this section even if you
2. How did you prepare for AILET? Was your think you are super weak in math.
approach different or same for both CLAT and 5. How did you analyze your mocks?
AILET? Analysing mocks is probably the one most important
My preparations for AILET and CLAT were same, the thing you can do get into the college of your dreams.
main things that I might have done differently than Mocks are not just for you to know your marks and
most other students might have been that I used to rank, it is there so that you know exactly which
solve CAT level logical reasoning questions (once I section it is that you are lacking in most, which
was done with the RSMs of Couse) and this I believe subject you are not giving enough time to, and work
helped me as there was a really complex puzzle and on your weaknesses and overcome it.
lengthy legal reasoning questions in AILET 2018, and 6. Who was your inspiration throughout your
due to paucity of time I went for the make or break preparation?
puzzle which I was able to solve correctly and end up My parents and elder brother were my greatest
at NLUD. And please keep your cool, be calm and inspiration during my preparations, they made sure I
focused in all situations during mocks because you was on the right track and was always motivated,
never know what sort of paper would come on the D- even my friends at LegalEdge helped me keep me in
day, be mentally prepared for anything which the a good and light mood, and of course harsh sir, I don’t
examiners may throw at you. Your mentality on that even remember the number of times I visited him, he
day is crucial to your success, that’s why in my always got me on the right path after a low score in a
opinion solving tougher than usual questions is really mock and made sure I didn’t have my head in the
important. clouds after a good ranks and never forgot what my
3. What was your revision strategy while preparing ultimate goal was, in closing I would like to say- don’t
for CLAT? let a bad mock demoralize you. Don't get intimidated
For revision, I used to revise the earlier months by what others are doing. What only matters is your
current GK, and only RSMs were enough for me for performance on the day of the exam, and the effort
math, for LR solved all the mock question puzzles behind it, and have faith in yourself.
and completed RSMs, and constant revision of anuja

Current Affairs Timeline
Current affairs Timeline
NATIONAL NEWS treaty under the aegis of United Nations

PM inaugurates first-ever university in Ladakh Environment Programme, is going to be hosted by
Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Sunday India during 15th to 22nd February 2020 at
launched University of Ladakh, the first-ever Gandhinagar in Gujarat.
varsity in the Ladakh region of Jammu and J&K Government Grants Divisional Status to
Kashmir. The Jammu region has four universities Ladakh Region
besides an IIT and an IIMC, while the Kashmir The State Government of Jammu and Kashmir
Valley has three universities and a National issued a notification of creation of Ladakh as 3rd
Institute of Technology (NIT). Division in the state. Divisional status would
India Withdraws Most Favoured Nation Status To facilitate this region in a great way to progress.
Pakistan Saudi Becomes 73rd Nation To Sign International
Following the attack in Jammu & Kashmir’s Solar Alliance
Pulwama that left 44 CRPF personnel dead, India Saudi Arabia became the 73rd nation to sign
has withdrawn the MFN (Most Favoured Nation) the International Solar Alliance. ISA was unveiled
status that it had granted to Pakistan. The decision by PM Narendra Modi and former French
was taken during the Cabinet Committee on President Francois Hollande in 2015. The move
Security meeting held in New Delhi. India had came at Saudi Arabia’s Crown Prince Mohammed
granted the status to Pakistan in 1996, a year after bin Salman visit to India.
WTO’s formation.
PM Modi Flagged Off 1st Ever Diesel To Electric
Conversion Locomotive
Under ‘Make in India’ initiative, Indian Railways
has created history by converting a diesel
locomotive into electric locomotive for the first
time in the world. This all new converted energy-
efficient electric locomotive has been flagged off by Smriti Irani Launches India Size Project
PM Narendra Modi in Varanasi. Union Minister of Textiles Smriti Irani launched the
Punjab’s State aquatic animal India Size project in Mumbai. A first-of-its-kind
On February 2 ,2019,Punjab Chief Minister Captain project in the history of the country, India Size aims
Amarinder Singh declared one of the rarest to arrive at a standard Indian Size for the ready-to-
mammal, Indus River Dolphin, which is only wear clothing industry, on the lines of the
found in Beas River ,as Punjab State Aquatic standardized sizes available in countries such as
Animal. The Chief Minister also approved to the USA and the UK.
declare Kanjli Wetland and holy Kali Bein River as 2nd ASEAN-India Youth Summit
a wildlife conservation reserve to mark the historic Union Minister of State for Tourism KJ Alphons
celebration of 550th Parkash Purb of Sri Guru and Assam Chief Minister Sarbananda Sonowal
Nanak Dev. inaugurated the 2nd ASEAN-India Youth Summit
at Hotel Taj Vivanta in Guwahati. Over 100 youth
delegates from Vietnam, Laos, Brunei, Philippines,
Malaysia, Singapore, Cambodia, Thailand,
Myanmar and Indonesia took part in the summit
tag-lined Connectivity: Pathway to Shared
Prosperity.
Harsimrat Kaur inaugurates Himachal’s first mega World Sustainable Development Summit 2019
food park in Una Held At New Delhi
Food Processing Minister Harsimrat Kaur Badal on World Sustainable Development Summit
Sunday inaugurated Cremica Food Park, which is (WSDS) 2019, the flagship event of ‘The Energy
the first mega food park of Himachal Pradesh. The and Resources Institute’ (TERI), was inaugurated
mega food park has been set up at a cost of Rs by Vice President Shri M. Venkaiah Naidu at
107.34 crore. Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi. The theme of WSDS
13th Conference of Parties of Convention On 2019 was ‘Attaining the 2030 Agenda: delivering
Conservation of Migratory Species on our promise’. Frank Bainimarama, Prime
The 13th Conference of Parties (COP) of the Minister of Fiji was honoured with the Sustainable
Convention on the conservation of migratory Development Leadership Award 2019 for his
species of wild animals (CMS), an environmental

outstanding contributions towards sustainable
development in Fiji.
Country’s 1st semi high-speed train Vande Bharat
Express
Country’s first semi high speed train Vande
Bharat Express left Delhi for Varanasi on its first
commercial run. The train, which has been
designed and built in India, is running
between New Delhi and Varanasi via Kanpur and
Prayagraj. It will cover the distance between New Assam Tops In Budgetary Practices Followed By
Delhi and Varanasi in 8 hours. States
Assam occupied the top slot in the ranking of best
practices followed by states in the Budget
formulation, followed by Andhra Pradesh and
Odisha, as per a survey by Transparency
International. The survey is based on 4 parameters
which include public disclosure, budgetary
process, post-budget fiscal management and efforts
Kala Ghoda Festival 2019 Begins In Mumbai
to make the budget more transparent and citizen-
The Kala Ghoda festival, India’s largest multi-
friendly. The states which figured lower in the
cultural street festival begins in Mumbai to
ranking were Meghalaya, Manipur and Punjab.
celebrate its 20 years of art and culture through
Railway Minister launches the IEA’s Report “The
cinema, theatre, dance, literature, and sculpture.
Future of Rail”
The festival hosted the exhibition at the Jehangir
Minister of Railways, Piyush Goyal launched the
Art Gallery to celebrate the 150th birth anniversary
“The Future of Rail” report of the International
of Mahatma Gandhi and some rich history of
Energy Agency (IEA). The Future of Rail is the first-
Mumbai. To underscore KGAF’s two-decade run,
of-a-kind report that analyses the current and
the theme for this year is A Measure of Time.
future importance of rail around the world through
First Mega Food Park Of Tripura Inaugurated In
the perspective of its energy and environmental
Agartala
implications.
Union Minister of State for Food Processing
Industries, Sadhvi Niranjan President Ram Nath Kovind Promulgates 4
Ordinances
Jyoti, inaugurated Tripura’s first mega food
The Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on
park named Sikaria Mega Food Park Pvt Ltd at
Marriage) Second Ordinance has been
Village Tulakona in Agartala.
promulgated to give continued effect to the
1st State To Set Up Price Monitoring And
Research Unit provisions brought in by the earlier ordinance.
Kerala has become the first State to set up a Price This Ordinance declares the practice of instant
Monitoring and Research Unit (PMRU) to track triple talaq to be void and illegal and also to make
violation of prices of essential drugs and medical it an offence punishable with imprisonment up to
devices under the Drugs Price Control Order three years and fine;
(DPCO). The move comes more than five years 2. The Indian Medical Council (Amendment)
after the National Pharmaceutical Pricing Second Ordinance; 3. The Companies
(Amendment) Second Ordinance, has been
Authority (NPPA) proposed such a system for the
States and the Union Territories.
Odisha launches Boat Ambulance
The Odisha government launched the boat
ambulance service to help patients reach hospitals
in remote areas cut off by rivers, at a cost of Rs 5.40
crore. The first boat ambulance was launched at
Batighar in the Kendrapara district.
promulgated with a view, to empower the Central

Government to allow certain companies to have a
different financial year instead of as determined
by the Tribunal; 4. The Banning of Unregulated

Deposit Schemes Ordinance has been Matthijis Wouter Knol, Director European Film
promulgated to have central legislation to tackle Market (EFM). The poster of IFFI 2019 was also
the menace of illicit deposits taking activities in inaugurated by the dignitaries during the
the country. inaugural ceremony.
Rajnath Singh Launches Pan-India Number 112 President Bashir Declares Year-Long State Of
For Women Safety Emergency In Sudan
Home Minister Rajnath Singh and Minister for
Women and Child Development Maneka Gandhi
launched a range of citizen safety initiatives in New
Delhi. Persons in distress can dial a pan-India
number: 112. Under this system, all the states have
to set up a dedicated Emergency Response Centre,
ERC.
UAE’s Tabreed to build India’s first district
cooling system in Amaravati Sudanese President Omar al-Bashir has declared a
A UAE-based international cooling provider has year-long state of emergency, dissolving his cabinet
entered into a 30-year concession with Andhra and local governments throughout the country.
Pradesh government to build, own, operate and Omar al-Bashir in a televised address called on
transfer India’s first district cooling system in the Sudan’s parliament to postpone constitutional
state’s new capital Amaravati. This will be the amendments that would allow him to run for
company’s first plant outside its Gulf Cooperation another term in a presidential election in 2020.
Council (GCC) market. International IP Index 2019
India has jumped eight places to 36th position on
the International Intellectual Property (IP) Index,
by the US Chamber of Commerce’s Global
Innovation Policy Center (GIPC) which analyses
the IP climate in 50 global economies, this year. The
US, the UK, Sweden, France and Germany
remained the top five economies on the intellectual
property index in 2019 retaining their spots from
the last year.
World’s Largest Bee Spotted The First Time Since
1981
INTERNATIONAL NEWS Wallace’s giant bee (Wallace Bee), the largest bee
known on the Earth which was considered to be
Abu Dhabi includes Hindi as third official court
language extinct since 1981 was re-spotted in an Indonesian
In a landmark decision, Abu Dhabi has included forest.
Hindi as the third official language used in its Scientists spotted a female bee of the species
courts, alongside Arabic and English, as part of a Megachile pluto and its size is four times the size of
move designed to improve access to justice. The the typical European honeybee and has a wingspan
Abu Dhabi Judicial Department it has extended the of 2.5 inches.
adoption of interactive forms of statement of claims
filed before courts by including the Hindi language
alongside Arabic and English in labour cases.
Macedonia Officially Changed Its Name
The country, formerly known as the Republic of
Macedonia officially changed its name to
the Republic of North Macedonia, on paper
ending a decades-long dispute that should pave the
way for NATO membership. The freshly named
country celebrated the event with a flag-raising International Mother Language Day
ceremony marking its prospective – and long- International Mother Language Day has been
awaited – accession to NATO. observed every year on 21st February. This year, it
69th Berlin International Film Festival is based around the theme “Indigenous languages
The India Pavilion at the Berlin International Film matter for development, peace building and
Festival (Berlinale) 2019 was inaugurated by Mr reconciliation”.
World Day of Social Justice
The World Day of Social Justice is celebrated BANKING, ECONOMY AND
annually all over the world on 20 February. The
theme for WDSJ 2019 is “If You Want Peace & BUSINESS
Development, Work for Social Justice”. Fitch Group Arm Projects Fiscal Deficit To Slip
World Cancer Day To 3.6% In 2019-20
World Cancer Day is being observed observed Fitch Solutions, the research arm of Fitch Group,
globally on 4th February. This year, Union for projected the government’s fiscal deficit to
International Cancer Control (UICC), which overshoot the budgeted target by 0.2% to 3.6% of
organizes World Cancer Day, is launching a new 3- GDP in 2019-20 fiscal. It stated that 2019-20 Budget
year (2019-2021) campaign with the theme: “I Am appears to show a strong populist bent in the run-
and I Will.” up to the General election due by May 2019.
World Wetlands Day J P Morgan Became First US Bank With
World Wetlands Day is celebrated every year on Cryptocurrency
the 2nd of February to raise global awareness on
the value of wetlands for humanity and the planet.
The theme of World Wetlands Day 2019 is
‘Wetlands and Climate Change’.
International Year Of The Periodic Table
The United Nations announced 2019 as the
International Year of the Periodic Table of the
Chemical Elements to highlight its first publication The currency is designed to be decentralized so
in 1869. The periodic table was first designed by the that no one has control over transactions being sent
Russian scientist Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev. over the network. Cryptocurrencies are used
World’s First Mammal To Go Extinct Due successfully to move money between the bank and
To Climate Change a client which usually runs on a blockchain
A small brown rat of bramble cay melomys species technology. The cryptocurrency, called “JPM
lived on a tiny island off northern Coin,” is intended for the bank’s wholesale
Australia becomes the world’s first mammal to payments business that moves $6 trillion around
have become extinct due to “human-induced the world daily and not for retail customers.
climate change”. The Australian government has Paytm Acquired Night Stay
officially listed the Bramble Cay melomys as extinct. Paytm has launched hotel bookings on its platform
Extreme high water levels and damaging storm and acquired Night Stay, which offers deals on last-
surges, including its sources of food include the minute bookings at luxury hotels, as the Alibaba-
reason behind its extinction. backed payments and e-commerce Company
expands its travel business.
India’s Unemployment Rate Hit 4 Decade High
Of 6.1% In 2017-18
As per the National Sample Survey Office’s
(NSSO’s) periodic labor force survey (PLFS)
India’s unemployment rate hit a 45 year high of
6.1% in 2017-18. It is the first comprehensive survey
on employment conducted by a government
Zimbabwe launches new, discounted currency - agency after demonetization.
RTGS Dollar
Zimbabwe’s central bank began trading a sharply
discounted replacement currency, attempting to
APPOINTMENTS AND
ease a cash crunch that has hobbled the economy RESIGNATIONS
and plunged millions deep into poverty. New CBI Director appointed
Zimbabwe adopted the dollar in 2009 but, as a Rishi Kumar Shukla, 1983 batch IPS officer of
chronic hard currency shortage worsened, Madhya Pradesh cadre, was appointed as the new
introduced a parallel system of bond notes that it chief of the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI).
pegged at 1:1 to the U.S. currency. He will be serving for a fixed term of two years.
CBDT Chief Sushil Chandra Appointed As
Election Commissioner
President Ram Nath Kovind appointed Central
Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT) Chairman Sushil

Chandra as an Election Commissioner. A 1980- Sunil Chhetri Given First Ever Football Ratna
batch Indian Revenue Service (IRS) official, Mr. Award
Chandra is an IIT graduate. Sunil Chhetri, the all-time leading scorer for
India in international football, has been conferred
the first ever Football Ratna honour by Football
Delhi, the association governing the sport in
Delhi.He is popularly known as Captain
Fantastic. He has scored the 2nd highest number of
goals in international matches among active
players after Cristiano Ronaldo.
SC Appoints Former Judge as BCCI Ombudsman
The Supreme Court appointed a retired judge of the
court Justice D.K. Jain as the first ombudsman
under the new BCCI (Board of Control for Cricket
in India) Constitution approved by the court in a
judgment.
Indian-origin global negotiator appointed
director of renowned academic institution in South Jharkhand’s NGO Yuwa Won Laureus Sports For
Africa Good Honour
Professor Faizel Ismail will take charge as the Jharkhand based NGO Yuwa won the Laureus
director of the University of Cape Town’s (UCT) Sports for Good Award. Yuwa works for girl
Nelson Mandela School of Public empowerment and became the third Indian
Governance from Professor Alan Hirsch. Ismail is entry to receive this honour. Yuwa was founded
known for his role in negotiating major agreements in 2009 by Americans Franz Gastler and Rose
for South Africa, including with the Southern Thomson. It runs a football program in rural
African Customs Union as well as the Trade and Jharkhand with 450 girls.
Development Agreement with the European Laureus World Sports Awards 2019 Announced
Union. The Laureus World Sports Award for Sportsman
Squash Great Nicol David Announces Retirement of the Year is an annual award honoring the
Malaysia’s 8-time World Champion Nicol achievements of individuals from the world of
David has announced that she will call time on her sports. Novak Djokovic was named World
record-breaking career at the end of the 2018/19 Sportsman of the Year and United State gymnast
season. The 35-year-old from Penang is one of Simone Biles was named Sportswoman of the
the most successful squash players of all time and Year at the 2019 Laureus World Sports Awards,
spent an unprecedented 9 years at World No.1 while Tiger Woods won the World Comeback of
between 2006-2015. the Year award.
AWARDS AND RECOGNITIONS

Francois Laborde Conferred France’s Highest ‘Freedom of the City of London’ to SBI chief
Civilian Honour The State Bank of India’s UK chief Mr. Sanjiv
Father Francois Laborde, a 92-year-old priest, was Chadha has been honored with the ‘Freedom of the
conferred the Légion d’Honneur (Legion of City Of London’ by the city of London Corporation
Honour), the highest civilian award of France, in in recognition of his contribution to promoting the
recognition of his work for specially-abled bilateral relations. Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru was the
children. He was entitled by the French previous Indian recipient of this award and other
Ambassador to India, Alexandre Ziegler. Father recipient includes author JK Rowling and actor
Laborde had set up Howrah South Point, an Dame Judi Dench.
organisation working for the development of Divya Karnad Becomes First Indian Woman To
specially-abled children, the destitute and the most Receive Future For Nature Award
deprived sections of the society. 33-year-old Ashoka University teacher and Wipro
Sustainable Fellow,Divya Karnad became the First

Indian Woman to be honoured with the ‘Future for human rights prize, the UN refugee agency
Nature Award’ for her work on marine UNHCR has said.
conservation. The award is given to 3 people
annually, and this year it was given to Oliver
Nsengimana and Fernanda Abra along with Divya
Karnad.
Indian Historian Wins Israel’s Dan David Prize
2019
Indian historian Sanjay Subrahmanyam won the
prestigious Dan David Prize 2019 for his work on
inter-cultural encounters between Asians,
Europeans and people of North and South America
during the early modern era. He won Israel’s
prestigious USD 1 million dollar award in the
category of ”Past Time Dimension” for his work in OBITUARIES
macro-history. Oscar-nominated British Actor Albert Finney
Passes Away
Oscar-nominated British actor Albert Finney
passed away peacefully after a short illness. He
aged 82. He was a five-time Oscar nominee who
began his career at the Royal Shakespeare
Company before making his mark in film. His big
film break came as “angry young man” Arthur
Seaton in Saturday Night and Sunday Morning.
NFDC Declared Winner Chemistry Nobel Prize Winner Manfred Eigen
National Film Development Corporation (NFDC) Passes Away
of India has been selected as Winner under the German scientist Manfred Eigen, who jointly won
Miniratna Category (Category II) by Ministry of the 1967 Nobel Prize for Chemistry, passed away
Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME). aged 91. Eigen had won the prize for working on a
This is is recognition of its work to promote SC/ST method to calculate speeds of extremely fast
entrepreneurs. chemical reactions, effected by disturbing the
Bradley Cooper Wins Best Director From PETA equilibrium by means of short energy pulses.
for ‘A Star Is Born’ Climate Scientist Wallace Smith Broecker Passes
Bradley Cooper has been awarded the ‘Oscat’ by Away
People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals Climate scientist Wallace Smith Broecker, who
(PETA). The animal rights organisation awarded popularised the term “global warming” has passed
Cooper “for his enlightened decision to cast his away in New York. Eighty-seven-year-old
own canine companion in ‘A Star Is Born’ rather Columbia University professor breathed his last at
than using one supplied by a notorious animal a New York City hospital. Broecker was also first
exhibitor”. to recognize what he called the Ocean Conveyor
PM Modi Conferred With Seoul Peace Prize in Belt, a global system of ocean currents circulating
South Korea water and nutrients.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi was conferred
with the Seoul Peace Prize during his two-day visit
to South Korea. The award was first announced by
the Seoul Peace Prize Cultural Foundation in
October 2018. Former Secretary-General of the
United Nations Kofi Annan and German
Chancellor Angela Merkel are among previous
recipients of the award. Longest-Serving US Congressman Passes Away
Abdul Aziz Muhamat, a Manus Island refugee, John Dingell, the longest-serving congressman in
wins international human rights prize US history, has passed away aged 92. He was first
Abdul Aziz Muhamat, a Sudanese refugee who elected in 1955, serving in the House of
has been held in Australia’s notorious Representatives for the next 59 years. He retired in
offshore Manus Island processing centre for over 2015. Mr. Dingell served through the terms of 11 US
five years, has won the prestigious Martin Ennals presidents.
‘Badge of Honor’ Military Novelist, W.E.B. which is coinciding with its 50 years of statehood.
Griffin Passes Away Clouded Leopard is among the wild cats that live
American military veteran and novelist, William E. throughout the forests of Garo, Khasi, and Jaintia
Butterworth III, better known as W.E.B. Hills.
Griffin (his pen name), passed away at the age of Elise Mertens Beats Simona Halep To Win Qatar
89. He joined the army at the age of 17 and has Open
served in the Korean War.He wrote more than 200 Elise Merten, world number 21 from Belgium beat
books under the pen name W.E.B. Griffin and world number 3, Simona Halep to win the Qatar
various other names and sold millions of copies. Open held in Doha, Qatar. This is her first WTA
Best-selling British Author ‘Andrea Levy’ Passed Premier-level crown and fifth title of her overall
Away career. Mertens’ triumph over the Romanian was
The best-selling British author Andrea Levy, who her third win over a top 10 player in Doha.
explored the experience of Jamaican British people
in a series of novel over 20 years, has died from
cancer at the age of 62. She was known for penning
books ‘The Long Song’ and ‘Small Island’. She
was conferred with Orange prize for
fiction, Whitbread book of the year,
Commonwealth writers prize and many more.
Smriti Mandhana Scores India’s Fastest-ever T20I
Fifty
Indian opener Smriti Mandhana hammered the
fastest fifty for India in Women’s T20Is. The left-
handed batswoman struck a half-century in just 24
balls in the 1st T20I against New Zealand at
Westpac Stadium in Wellington. New Zealand’s
Sophie Devine holds the record of the quickest
SPORTS half-century in women’s T20Is, in 2005 against
First Woman To Play 200 ODIs India when she hammered an 18-ball fifty.
India captain Mithali Raj has become the first Ramit Tandon Wins Seattle Open
woman cricketer to play 200 ODIs, adding another Indian squash player Ramit Tandon defeated
achievement to her illustrious career. The 36-year- Egyptian Mohamed El Sherbini in the finals to win
old is also the highest run-getter in ODIs with 6622 the Seattle Open, a PSA challenger squash Tour
runs at an average of 51.33, including 7 hundreds. event. The top-seeded Indian, who rose to his
career high ranking of 58 in the latest February list,
won his first PSA title in the new year and fourth
title overall in his career.
Saurabh wins gold at shooting World Cup
Indian shooter Saurabh Chaudhary won gold in
the men’s 10 metre air pistol category at the ISSF
World Cup in New Delhi. In the final, the shooter
created a new world record with a score of 245.
This is the second gold for India in this tournament.
Mirabai Chanu Notched Up Gold At EGAT Cup
World champion Indian weightlifter Saikhom
Mirabai Chanu from Manipur notched up a gold
medal at the EGAT Cup in Thailand. Chanu won
the 48kg category gold with an effort of 192 kg in
the silver level Olympic qualifying event.
Clouded Leopard’ To Be Mascot For National
Games 2022
The Sports and Youth Ministry in the meeting
of Executive Committee of the National Games 1st Asian woman cricketer to play 100 T20Is
2022 has chosen the Smiling Clouded Leopard to Former captain of the Pakistan women team Sana
be the Mascot for the National Games 2022. Mir has become the first Asian woman to play
Meghalaya will host the 2022 National Games, hundred T20Is. Mir, 33, is one of Pakistan’s most

senior women cricketers and has been representing beginning of 2018, she has scored two centuries and
the country since 2005. eight half-centuries.
First Female Driver To Win MRF Challenge Title Manpreet Singh honoured with AHF’s Player of
Jamie Chadwick from England made history by the Year Award
becoming the first female driver to win the MRF The Asian Hockey Federation has
challenge title after scoring a triple win in the final honoured Indian skipper Manpreet Singh with
round in Chennai. The 20-year-old became the first the 2018 Player of the Year award. Women team’s
woman to win the coveted prize after an incredible striker Lalremsiami has bagged the Rising Player
performance. In August, Chadwick became of The Year prize.
the first woman to win a British F3 race.
Pro Wrestling League 4 Title Qatar Win Their First-Ever Asian Cup Title In
Football
Haryana Hammers won the fourth edition of the
Qatar defeated four-time champions Japan 3-1 in
Pro Wrestling League (PWL) as they outclassed
the final to win their first ever Asian Cup. Qatar
defending champions Punjab Royals 6-3 in the
forward Almoez Ali broke the record of most goals
summit clash at the Gautam Buddha University
in a single Asian Cup after netting his ninth goal.
indoor stadium, Greater Noida.
This was the first time that Japan lost in an Asian
De Goede, Van Doren win 2018 FIH player of the
year awards Cup final.
India continued to draw a blank as Netherlands’ DEFENCE AND SPACE
Eva de Goede and Arthur Van Doren of ISRO Launches GSAT 31
Belgium were named as the International Hockey India’s 40th communication satellite GSAT-31 has
Federation’s (FIH) Players of the Year for been launched successfully from French Guiana.
2018. Since the inception of the awards in 1998, no The Ariane-5 rocket lifted off with it from Kourou
Indian hockey player has managed to bag the Launch Base, and in 42-minutes, placed it in the
coveted awards. intended Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit.
Sourabh Verma claims men’s singles title in Hina Jaiswal Becomes The First Indian Woman
National Badminton Championship Flight Engineer
Sourabh Verma completed a hat-trick of titles at Flight Lieutenant Hina Jaiswal from Chandigarh,
the Senior Badminton Nationals, claiming the became the First Indian Woman Flight Engineer of
men’s singles crown after defeating young Lakshya the Indian Air Force(IAF). She was commissioned
Sen in straight games, in the 83rd edition of the in the IAF’s engineering branch in 2015 and
tournament in Guwahati. completed the 6-month Flight Engineer course
from the 112 Helicopter Unit attached to the Air
Force Station in Yelahanka, Bengaluru.
ICC ODI Rankings: No.1 batswoman in world

Indian women’s cricket team opener Smriti NASA To Launch SPHEREx Mission To
Mandhana has become the top-ranked batter in Investigate Universe
women’s ODI cricket, as per the latest rankings NASA has announced a new space telescope
released by the ICC. The 22-year-old moved up mission dedicated to understanding the origins of
three spots in the batters’ rankings to reach the top life and the universe. It’s called the Spectro-
spot. In the 15 ODIs Smriti has played since the Photometer for the History of the Universe, Epoch

of Reionization and Ices Explorer or SPHEREx, for SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
short. The space agency is aiming for a 2023 launch. China’s Xinhua Unveils World’s First Female AI
Iran’s First Semi-Heavy Missile-Equipped News Anchor
Submarine Fateh Unveiled Chinese news agency Xinhua unveiled the world’s
Iran’s President Hassan Rouhani unveiled first female AI news anchor Xin Xiaomeng. She
the first Iranian madesemi-heavy has been developed in collaboration with Sogou
submarine named ‘Fateh’ (‘Conqueror’ in Inc, a search engine company. Earlier, Xinhua also
Persian), capable of being fitted with missiles, as developed Qiu Hao, the world’s first male AI news
per the reporting on Iran’s state TV. It anchor at the World Internet Conference
has subsurface-to-surface missiles with a range of in Wuzhen held in November 2018, who is capable
about 2,000 km (1,250 miles) and is capable of of mimicking human facial expressions and
reaching Israel and U.S. military bases in the mannerisms while reading out news-reports.
region.
Pinarayi Vijayan Inaugurated First Humanoid

ISRO Sets Up Human Space Flight Centre Police Robot KP-BOT In India
The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) Kerala Chief Minister, Pinarayi Vijayan,
unveiled its Human Space Flight Centre (HSFC) at inaugurated India’s first Humanoid Police
ISRO Headquarter campus in Bengaluru, Robot named KP-BOT, ranked as Sub-Inspector
Karnataka for its maiden manned space mission (SI), at the Police Headquarters
‘Gaganyaan’. The space flight centre was in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala. The robot’s
inaugurated by K Kasturirangan, former ISRO gender is declared female.
Chairman.
NASA’s Hubble finds a dwarf galaxy
Using the Hubble Space Telescope, astronomers
have discovered a dwarf galaxy in a globular
cluster which is only 30 million light-years away.
The team used the NASA/ESA (European Space
Agency) telescope to study white dwarf stars
within the globular cluster NGC 6752. Bandicoot-A Drainage-Cleaning Robot
NASA Announces The End Of Opportunity Introduced
NASA announced that its Opportunity Rover Bandicoot, a drainage-cleaning robot, has been
mission is complete after the rover failed to introduced for the first time in India at the
respond despite repeated trials since August Kumbakonam city corporation as part of efforts to
2018. The space agency inferred that a planet- rid of manual scavenging at the cost of Rs 18
encircling dust storm cut off communications with lakh in Chennai, Tamil Nadu. It is a semi-
Opportunity on June 10, 2018, disabling its solar automatic robot can enter manholes for cleaning
panels from storing power. Its final message from sewage lines with its robotic arm and is equipped
Mars was "My battery is low and it's getting with 5 night-vision cameras to relay the scenario
dark." It wandered the surface of the red planet for underneath.
over 15 years, and is survived by NASA’s Curiosity AntBot, The First Walking Robot To Navigate
rover, which is now the only active robot on Mars. Without GPS, Developed
AntBot is the first walking robot to have
navigational capabilities without GPS or mapping.
It has been designed by Centre for Scientific
Research (CNRS) and Aix-Marseille University
researchers at ISM, on lines similar to desert ants
who use polarised lights and UV radiation to
navigate in space.

Legal Affairs 8. J & K Reservation Bill, 2014
The J&K government has passes the Jammu and
1. Hindi- 3rd Court Language in Abu Dhabi Kashmir (Amendment) Bill of 2014 which will give
Apart from English and Arabic, the courts of Abu reservation to the Pahari (or Pahadi or Parbati)
Dhabi will now have Hindi also as their third court community in the government jobs.
language. This decision was taken on account of
India’s population count in Abu Dhabi, which is 9. SC will take ‘in- chamber’ decision on Article 35A
30% of the total population there. Also this will ‘In- Chamber’ decision refers to the decision taken
improve their access to Justice. by the Judges in the chamber instead of the formal
court room proceeding. Here the Article 35A of the
2. Suman Bodani- first female Hindu Civil Judge in Indian Constitution provides the power to J & K
Pakistan government to decide which of its residents are
She will act as the Judge of the Qambar-Shahdadkot. permanent residents in the State and thereby confer
them with special rights. Before the SC,
3. Sushil Chandra- Election Commissioner constitutional validity of Article 35A and 370 is
He has been appointed as the new Election challenged.
Commissioner replacing OP Rawat as per Article
324 (2) of the Indian Constitution. Now the present 10. Insolvency and Bankruptcy code is
Election Commission constitutes of, Sunil Arora as constitutionally valid: SC
the Chief Election Commissioner, Ashok Lavasa and The SC held I&B code is constitutionally valid and
Sushil Chandra as the Election Commissioners. does not violate Article 14 (Equality) of the
Constitution.
4. Representation of People’s Act of 1951- Amended
The Election Commission is seeking to amend the 11. For Income Tax returns, Link PAN and Aadhaar
RP Act of 1951 (Section 126) which will provide for Cards: SC
the prohibition of advertising any political party or As per Section 139AA of the Income Tax Act, SC
issue on the print or social media or any other held that it is mandatory for the taxpayers to link
digital platform, 48 hours before the elections. their PAN card with their Aadhaar card for the
purpose of filing the Income Tax returns. If one fails
5. Braille introduced in Elections to do the same, it will result in his PAN card number
The Election Commission has introduced Braille becoming invalid.
voter slips alongside the Braille feature of the EVM
machines. This will help the visually impaired 12. Children born out of Void marriages are not
voters and will make the upcoming elections more illegitimate: SC
accessible. The SC bench held that children who are born out of
void marriages (bigamy) are also legitimate. They
6. GST Appellate Tribunal cannot be denied benefits arising out of the
There are many tribunals in India which deals with compassionate appointment scheme.
specific types of cases. Recently, the Union Cabinet
has approved the establishment of the GST or the 13. Property issue regarding a child with parents from
different religions
Goods and Services Tax Appellate Tribunal in New
The SC held that a child whose father is a Muslim
Delhi. This tribunal will deal with the disputes
and mother is a Hindu, can inherit the property of
arising out of the GST laws. It will be presided over
his father, because, the marriage of his parents is
by the President and two technical members, one
irregular (which can be made valid by correcting the
from the Center and one from the State.
irregularity) and not void.
7. 125th Constitutional Amendment Bill
14. Decision on practice by Nurses
This bill has been introduced in the Parliament with
The SC held that the Nurses in India can perform
the aim of increasing the executive and financial
and practice their profession anywhere in India and
powers of 10 Autonomous Councils in the areas of
are not restricted to practice, only in the state from
North East India mentioned in the 6th Schedule of
where they got their degree.
the Indian Constitution, (Assam, Mizoram,
Meghalaya and Tripura).
15. Company Directors are also Employees
The SC held that as per Section 2(9) of the
Employees’ State Insurance Act of 1948, the

Company directors who receive remuneration are the piracy would be a punishable offence with
also considered as employees. imprisonment of three years and fines of up to Rs 10
Rules against Negative Marking- Madras High lakh or both.
Court 20. The Parliament of Macedonia has passed the
The said HC struck down the criteria of negative resolution to amend the constitution of the country to
marking in the competitive exams stating it as a bad rename it as the Republic of Northern Macedonia.
law as it does not, in any sense help in testing The renaming is in line with a landmark agreement
knowledge or intelligence of the candidate. with Greece to end a decades-long dispute. The
16. The Prevention of Money Laundering (PMLA) court dispute was mainly due to the ambiguity in
in Mumbai has declared Vijay Mallya as a Fugitive nomenclature between the Republic of Macedonia,
Economic Offender. Vijay Mallya is the first the adjacent Greek region of Macedonia and the
businessman to be charged under the new fugitive ancient Greek kingdom of Macedonia. After a lot of
economic offender’s act 2018. According to the negotiations, an agreement was reached between
Fugitive Economic Offenders Act, 2018 a fugitive Greek Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras and his
economic offender is a person against whom an arrest Macedonian counterpart Zoran Zaev. The agreement
warrant has been issued for his or her involvement in is famously referred to as the Prespa Agreement.
economic offences involving at least Rs. 100 crore or 21. The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory
more and has left India to avoid prosecution. Education (Amendment) Act, 2019 which was passed
17. The Peoples Republic of China has passed a new law by the Parliament on January 3, 2019 received the
to regulate Islam and make it more compatible with assent of the President of India on January 10, 2019. It
socialism by “Sinicizing Islam”. China has around 20 has now been notified in the Gazette of India. The bill
million Muslims and Islam is one of the five officially seeks to do away with the no-detention policy in
recognised religions in atheist China. China has schools. The key aim behind the move is to rebuild
detained more than 1 million Muslim Uyghurs at the the education system of the country, which is at
indoctrination camps of Xinjiang. The main purpose present broken, as per the Union HRD Minister.
of China’s five-year plan to sinicise Islam is to seek 22. The Election Commission of India on January 16, 2019
Islam governance that tallies with Chinese practice, launched Voter Awareness Forum (VAF) in New
and it is not only limited to Islam. Delhi. Similar VAFs were launched by the Chief
18. The Supreme Court of India has reinstated CBI Electoral Officers in the state capitals and by District
director Alok Kumar Verma, setting aside the Election Officers in the districts simultaneously. The
Centre’s order to divest him of his powers. The VAFs are informal forums aimed at generating
Supreme Court has restrained him from taking any awareness around the electoral process through
major policy decision till the CVC probe into activities like discussions, quizzes, competitions and
corruption charges against him is over. There is no other engaging activities. The key objective of the
provision in the law which permits the government Voter Awareness Forums is to promote informed and
to divest the CBI director of his powers and functions ethical electoral participation, beginning from the
without prior consent from the high powered first step, which is voter registration.
selection committee. The selection committee 23. President Ram Nath Kovind has appointed senior
comprises the Prime Minister, the leader of advocates Sanjay Jain and K M Nataraj as Additional
opposition and the Chief Justice of India. Solicitor Generals’ of India. Additional Solicitor
19. The Ministry of Information and Broadcasting has General, ASG is the third important law office of the
released the draft amendment bill to amend the country in the hierarchy. The post of ASG is neither
Indian Cinematograph Act, 1952. The amendments constitutional nor statutory. The post of ASG is
are brought in counter the film piracy. The bill aims governed by Law Officers (Conditions of Service)
to add a new sub-section (4) of section 7 of the Rules, 1987.
Cinematograph Act, 1952. Under the amendment bill,

LE Explains
LE Explains
PULWAMA ATTACK AND THE CHALLENGES IN THE AFTERMATH
As we come to terms with the suicide terror attack that killed more that 40 CRPF personnel, it is pertinent to Channel the
anger and demand a firm consensus in order to end Pakistan sponsored terrorism from the political and security classes. It
is equally important to tremendously tread on that path to
honour not only the CRPF bravehearts but also the numerous
civilians who have, in the past decades, lost their lives. The
ministry of external affairs has ascribed the attack to Pakistan
based Jaish-e-Muhammed (JeM). The timing of the attack is
one of the most important aspects among many divergent
others as it puts immense pressure on the Prime Minister to
respond purposefully. The other aspect is the tactic of
detonating the vehicle laden with explosives to such a deadly
effect thus causing the largest loss of life of the security forces
in a single attack.
India responded to the last major security forces attack, at Uri,

with a surgical strike creating an impression that the response
had set a benchmark for all other future attacks emanating from Pakistan. However, in an interview, the PM suggested that
instead of kinetic action, India shall now resort to stringent and appropriate strategies keeping in mind how spectaculary
the country has managed to handle terror strikes through political management of Indian public opinion and international
diplomatic engagement.
In retaliation, India has revoked the “most favoured nation” status earlier enjoyed by Pakistan and has hiked the custom
duties to 200%. This would lead to unilateral sanctions by India since the absence of MFN status will result in hiked duties
on Pakistan’s exports in India.
Another suggested measure is the abrogation of the Indus Water Treaty signed in 1960. As per the terms of the treaty, India
has right to use the water of Beas, Ravi and Sutlej. In a re cent announcement, Nitin Gadkari has announced the construction
of Shahpur-KAndi Dam on Ravi and UJH project which shall store India’s share of water to be used in Jammmu and
Kashmir and other Indian states. However, the actual implementation of the project requires construction of a 100m dam
to stop the water flow and can take as much as 6 years to be effectively implemented.
Before the Financial Action Task force, which is an inter-governmental agency aimed at combating money laundering, India
is expected to apply diplomatic pressure to advocate adding Pakistan to the black-list which include Iran and North Korea.
Such a move would effect the currency inflows, credit rating, stock exchange and banking sector and raise scrutiny on
financial transactions.
In another announcement, Rajnath Singh declared that for the safety of paramilitary personnel, civilian traffic movements
will be restricted during the movement of convoys of army and security forces. Such a move might also increase the risk of
further alienation of ordinary civilians as it will increase the daily hardships due to such stringent measures being enforced.
Further, before aiming knee-jerk reprisals aimed at the population at large, responsibility for damage must be affixed so as
to further the interests of the the forces and the country. The supportive local population needs to be employed while
undertaking any military option as a force multiplier.
Strategic communications must not only cater to the most vocal and stringent voices, but also the silent majority which
remains instrumental, even though it cannot afford to make itself heard. These communications which have immediate
relevance must be implemented and validated by firm and decisive actions. The forces need to be specially trained to frame
counter strategic programmes against such attacks. The capacity of intelligence networks that provides data to security
apparatus needs to be enhanced manifold. Further, proper safeguard must be employed and implemented to strengthen
protective measures on potential targets. The security apparatus needs to be well galvanized in a unit.
Thus, since battles are fought in both operational and psychological domains, well strategized communications play a vital
role. Immediate and direct attention needs to be given to these challenges.

LE Explains
NON-ALIGNED MOVEMENT AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE
The two most significant consequences of the World War II coming to an end; were of – the creation of two superpowers,
more often referred to as the “superblocs” – (the United States and Soviet Union), and the origin of various smaller nations
which had newly acquired the status of being “independent”. The two superblocs, with an objective to destroy one another,
and to remain as the only superbloc in the world; were in a persistent attempt to convince, coerce, and threaten newly
formed nations to align with them. This in turn marked the beginning of what we know as the “Cold War”. Several nations
intended to avoid such interference by the superblocs and; sought to preserve their individuality and sovereignty. The
origin of the movement can be traced back to the conference held in Indonesia in the year 1955. It witnessed the
representatives of 29 - Asian and African nations coming together so as to discuss mutual concerns (most of these nations
used to be colonized states)
The term Non-Alignment was first used by the then representative of India (at the United Nations) – V. K. Krishna Menon.
It was founded in Belgrade in year 1961 (the conference being the first official summit of the Non-Aligned Movement,
referred to as NAM) with; Marshal Tito of Yugoslavia, Jawaharlal Nehru of India, Abdul Nasir of Egypt and Ahmad
Sukarno of Indonesia as the pioneers of the movement. The movement was established as a congregation of those nations
that rejected alliance with either of the superpowers. These nations were soon referred to as the “third world nations”. In
pursuance of their common goals, the NAM played a crucial role in establishing a required balance in the World affairs. It
created a choice akin to “neutrality” so as to prevent the globe being divided into two separate spheres at loggerheads, and
hence alleviating the intensity of the Cold War. Jawaharlal Nehru enlisted the following to be basis of NAM (referred to as
the Panchsheel):
 Mutual respect for each other's territorial integrity and sovereignty
 Mutual non-aggression
 Mutual non-interference in domestic affairs
 Equality and mutual benefit
 Peaceful co-existence
The Bandung principles of NAM reflected the convictions of abstention from participation in any military related activities
and alliance with the then superblocs, these principles forming the groundwork are reiterated as objectives in the current
day scenario.
While most people anticipated the fall of NAM being marked by the disintegration of the Soviet Union into 15 nations at
the end of the cold war. However, the NAM continues to promote non-alignment by the third world nations to the
hegemony of current world power and its western allies. It also enables the Third World Nations to enable and acquire
statuses equal to the others in the world affairs. The NAM along with the G-77 nations (dominated by the members of
NAM) have successfully placed discussions as to the interests of the third world nations upon the agenda of the United
Nations.
On April 23rd, 2018, the U. N. Permanent Representative of Venezuela Jorge Valero, reiterated and expressed renewed
support on behalf of the NAM in support of the Non Proliferation Treaty with respect to prohibition of use of nuclear
weapons, and provisions in relation with nuclear research. The issue of disarmament has ever since been an issue raised
and sought to be addressed by the members of the NAM. They have mutually addressed various other causes for concern
on humanitarian and environmental grounds – one of the most recent ones being the banning of use of plastic.
At present the membership of NAM extends up to 120 members. With the current positioning of India – its status as to the
membership and observation of principles of NAM is often questioned. With India being declared and accepted as the
defence partner of the U. S. and member of the “Quadrilateral”, India has recently been witnessed to have been reluctant
towards the obligations in the Non-Proliferation Treaty as well.
However, as an overview of the NAM – the relevancy of the movement shall remain intact so long as the issues of
impending war, hunger disease and poverty persist. One of the agendas taken up by the third world nations as members
of the NAM is for the establishment of a stronger, unbiased and equitable International Economic Order that would be
achieved only if these nations in unison put forth the same. In recent years, NAM countries have sought to address a wide
array of issues, ranging from development and food security, to globalization.

LE Explains
National Emergency Concerning the Southern Border of the United States
On 15th February 2019, a national emergency was declared by the United States President Donald Trump to fund the
construction of a wall along the USA-Mexico border. The emergency had been proclaimed by activating executive powers
provided under the National Emergencies Act to utilize the armed forces and construction powers.
This decision of US President incited instant condemnation from Democrats,

who called it an unconstitutional abuse of his authority and vowed to try to
overturn it with the support of Republicans who also objected to the move.
Earlier during the election, President Trump had promised to construct a

wall at the US-Mexico border if voted to power to stop illegal migration from
the Mexico to Unit ed States. The wall along the US-Mexico border as
promised by Trump requires fencing of 322 km which costs about $ 5.7
billion.
The declaration of the National emergency by President Trump would enable him to divert money from elsewhere from
the federal budget, including funds for the U.S. military for the purpose of the construction of the wall along the border.
Before the declaration of national emergency by President Trump, the United States had already experienced a federal
government shutdown from December 22, 2018 till January 25, 2019 i.e. for about 35 days. It was the longest US Government
shutdown in the history. The shutdown occurred when the US Congress and President Donald Trump could not agree on
an appropriation bill to fund the operations of the federal government for the 2019 fiscal year. About one-fourth of the
government activities were affected as a result of shutdown and it caused around 800,000 employees and 1 million federal
contractors to work without pay.
US President Trump had demanded that the appropriations bill include for $5.7 billion in federal funds for a proposed
U.S.–Mexico border wall of 322 km. However, Congress passed a compromise bill providing President Trump with a mere
$1.4 billion for a barrier along 90 kilometres of the border.
Trying to regain momentum after losing a grinding two-month battle with lawmakers over funding the wall, President
Trump asserted that the flow of drugs, criminals and illegal immigrants from Mexico constituted a profound threat to
national security that justified unilateral action.
What is the National Emergency in the USA?

The United States can be subjected to more than 30 national emergencies and can be declared for various reasons. The
National Emergencies Act (NEA) 1976 formalizes the emergencies powers of the President. The Act empowers the President
to activate special powers during a crisis but imposes certain procedural formalities when invoking such powers.
Since 1976, presidents have declared at least 58 states of emergency. Most of them were under the International Economic
Emergency Powers Act which allows the president to impose economic sanctions.
Consequence of the National Emergency

According to the White House Officials, the emergency declaration enables the president to divert $3.6 billion from military
construction projects to the wall. US President Donald Trump will also use more traditional presidential discretion to tap
$2.5 billion from counter-narcotics programs and $600 million from a Treasury Department asset forfeiture fund. Combined
with $1.375 billion authorized for fencing in the spending package passed, Mr. Trump would have about $8 billion in all
for barriers, significantly more than the $5.7 billion he unsuccessfully demanded from Congress.
President Trump is expected to face many legal and political challenges. Two lawsuits have already been filed against the
National emergency. US Congress can also terminate a declared emergency by passing a joint resolution which is a difficult
task. The Democrats in power at the House of Representatives will have to convince the Republicans who control the Senate
to join them in blocking the National Emergency. Then they would have to get a signature from the President himself who
has declared the emergency.

Potpourri
LE Explains
20 LEGAL ONE LINERS

1. First Indian Governor General of Independent India is C. Rajagopalchari.
2. First woman to become the Governor of a State in India is Sarojini Naidu.
3. Lyngdoh Committee was formed as per the directions of the Supreme Court of India to frame guidelines on
students’ union elections in colleges/universities.
4. Oral evidence given in the court by a witness must be direct.
5. A woman who institutes and carries on proceedings in a criminal court is known as Prosecutrix.
6. Julius Stone described jurisprudence as ‘Lawyers Extroversion’.
7. The Comptroller and Auditor General of India is appointed by the President.
8. Estimates Committee is the largest committee of the Parliament of India.
9. Period of limitation for filing suit for declaration is three years.
10. An assembly of five or more persons having common object to commit an offence is known as unlawful assembly.
11. The President appoints the Attorney General for India.
12. In a contract of guarantee there are three parties and one contract.
13. If the bailee does any act inconsistent with the conditions of the bailment with regard to goods, the contract become
voidable at the option of the bailor.
14. First American Sikh to serve as Attorney General of a State in United States is Gurbir S. Grewal.
15. Power of President to grant pardon comes under the purview of Judicial Power.
16. Recently, Iceland passed a law requiring all companies to provide equal wages to women as that of men.
17. Twelve members are nominated by the President in the Council of States.
18. The Election Commission has formed a committee under the Chairmanship of Umesh Sinha to suggest changes in
Representation of Peoples Act, 1951 as amended upto date.
19. Next Friend is a person filing a suit on behalf of a minor.
20. Appeals can be preferred against both decree and order.
Maxims and Foreign Phrases
1. Autrefois acquit: formerly acquitted
# Section 300 of the Criminal Procedure Code provides a statutory right to not be tried for the same offence in
which he has been acquitted if no new important fact indicating his guilt has come to light.
2. In Pari Materia: Upon the subject
# In modern context: Used to refer to statutes which were enacted at different times but pertaining to the same
subject or object. The two statutes are in pari material as they both share the same object, thus both statutes must be
interpreted in light of each other.
3. Pari Passu: side by side; at the same rate or on an equal footing.
# An example of pari-passu occurs during bankruptcy proceedings: When the court reaches a verdict, the court
regards all creditors equally, and the trustee will repay them the same fractional amount as other creditors at the
same time.
4. Jus Gentium: Law of nations
# It is often used to mean international law. Jus Gentium is the natural law that applies between nations.
5. Punctum Temporis: A point of time; an indivisible period of time.
# We can only attempt to grasp the idea that such a punctum temporis in life is inevitable.
6. Caveat Venditor: Seller beware
# In modern context: The seller will be responsible for the sale of defective or subpar products which are sold by
him. The principle of “caveat venditor ” is only applicable if the seller wishes to stay in business.
7. Animus Possidendi: An intention to possess
# An alternative term for animus occupandi (intention to occupy) is animus possidendi.
8. Quantum Ramifactus: The amount of damages suffered.
# In civil cases Quantum Ramifactus are decided by the court.
9. Raison d’etre: the most important reason for the existence of something.
# They do not question the raison d’être of the process, they just follow it.
10. Alter ego- a very close and trusted friend ;also a second side to somebody’s personality, different from the one
mostpeople know
# Karan Johar is Shahrukh Khan’s alter ego.

LE Prep Assist
LE Prep Assist
Mentor View- English Language

Am I ready for CLAT?
Is my study plan productive?
Do I have an effective revision strategy?
What can I do to improve even further?
If these questions bother you, you are going to find some solace by reading further. The write-up (which has been written
keeping in mind the limited time we have now) has been broken into various parts to make it even easier. Follow
through.
Study in short time intervals

This is the time for qualitative study. Long and stressful hours can lead to mental fatigue. It is best advised to sandwich
your study hours with short breaks and unwind your mind with a little music.
Avoid new material

With a sea of study material available on the net, you are likely to experiment with new topics before the exam. Refrain
from doing it. Getting your hands on new study material may make you edgy and increase your stress levels.
It is good to be little tense as it helps you in staying focused, but try not to get intimidated by cut-offs from previous
years. Speculating "ideal attempts" and "ideal accuracy" may undermine your self-confidence.
Test yourself repeatedly

Don’t fear experimenting in your approach while taking mocks, this will help you develop an approach which best
suits you.
Keep reading
Given the remaining time, don’t over-indulge in fiction for now. However, keep reading editorials and keep solving RCs
and PJs.
Effective Revision plan

It’s high time you revised all your vocabulary and grammar notes from all the sources you covered throughout the year
lest you should forget these hard-earned concepts. Please note, these are especially prone to forgetting. We need to revise
these at least thrice before the D- day.
Any last minute advice?

CLAT has been known to be unpredictable (though not entirely). Be prepared for surprises and last minute strategy
changes. Remember, it's the same surprise for others too! Ultimately it boils down to who handles the surprises better.
Goes without saying, stick to things you know. Don’t rush in.
This sums it up! Do get in touch if there’s anything that is bothering you.
Anuja Saxena
SME- English, Legal Edge, Bhopal

LE Prep Assist
Mentor View- Mathamatics

Hello Students,
I hope your study is going well. As you know only 60-70 days are remaining before your exam. So plan your
preparation accordingly. For mathematics, I have the most suitable preparation structure for you. Here is a list of 12
iconic topics for CLAT & AILET 2019 Mathematics.
1. Average
2. Simplification
3. Percentages
4. Profit and Loss
5. Mixtures and Allegations
6. Simple Interest and Compound Interest
7. Time and Work, Pipes and Cisterns
8. Ratio and Proportions, Ages
9. Number System
10. Geometry and Mensuration
11. Time, Speed and Distance
12. Probability
Pick each topic for 2-3 days and solve 50 to 60 question from your available material.
While you are doing this, prepare a separate hand book for important formulae and tricks. These will be especially
helpful to you just before the exam. After completion of these topics you need few topic tests to check your learnings.
So write at least 10 sectional test for this. This complete exercise will give you an edge in your mocks and actual exam.
Few points that are to be kept in mind:
1. When you are doing above discussed things, remember your time is limited. So don’t get greedy and try to cover
everything. You’ll end up getting confused with all of the topics.
2. As you know mathematics is always frightening for students. Focus more on revision and be hopeful and positive in
your preparation.
3. *Keep 20-25 minutes in mock test just for Mathematics. You really can’t hope for much under that time.
4. While solving Mathematics section in mock, first decide questions which you are going to solve and which ones you
are going to leave.
5. Always start with the easy questions in mock.
6. Take notice that if you haven’t started to work on your mathematics yet, this is the last of your chances to start. A
week’s or fortnight’s delay more would simply be too late.
ABHI NAHI TO KABHI NAHI!!

With Best Wishes
Regards’
Arvind Bhargava
(HOD Mathematics)
LegalEdge Bhopal

LE Prep Assist
Prep Test– Logical Reasoning

Time: 30 min. No. of Questions: 40
1. 'Arti' and 'Saurabh' are the children of Mr and Mrs Shah. 'Ritu' and 'Shaki' are the children of Mr and Mrs Mehra.
'Saurabh' and 'Ritu' are married to each other and two daughters 'Mukti' and 'Shruti' are born to them. 'Shakti' is
married to 'Rina' and two children 'Subhash' and 'Reshma' are born to them. How is 'Arti' related to 'Shruti'?
(a) Mother (b) Mother-in-law (c) Sister (d) Aunt
2. A train runs 120 km in West direction, 30 km in South direction and then 80 km in East direction before reaching the
station. In which direction is the station from the train's starting point?
(a) South-West (b) North-West (c) South-East (d) South
3. Manu goes 40 km North, turns right and goes 80 km, turns right again and goes 30 km. In the end, he turns right
again and goes 80 km. How far is he from his starting point if he goes straight ahead another 50 km and turns left to
go his last 10 km?
(a) 10 km (b) 30 km (c) 40km (d) 50km
4. If the third day of a month is Monday, which of the following will be the fifth day from 21st of that month?
(a) Tuesday (b) Monday (c) Wednesday (d) Thursday
5. 'A' is B's brother, "I have as many sisters as brothers", tells 'B' to one of her friends. How many brothers and sisters
are there in this family?
(a) Two brothers and two sisters
(b) One brother and one sister
(c) One brother and two sisters
(d) Two brothers and one sister
6. 'Ravi' and 'Dinesh' are the sons of Mr and Mrs Gupta. 'Ravi' has married to 'Surya' and this couple is blessed with
Tarun', 'Vinni' and 'Minni'. 'Seema', is married to 'Tarun' and they are blessed with 'Zeena', a beautiful daughter.
How is 'Dinesh' related to 'Tarun'?
(a) Brother (b) Father (c) Untie (d) Brother-in-law
Directions (Q7 - Q10) Each of these questions has an Assertion (A) and a Reason (R).
Give answer
(a) if both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) if both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) if A is true but R is false
(d) if A is false but R is true
7. Assertion (A) The common value of all religion should be taught to the children in our schools.
Reason (R) Yes, it will help inculcating moral values amongst the children of our country.
8. Assertion (A) Indira Gandhi was the Prime Minister of India for many years.
Reason (R) Indira Gandhi was the daughter of Jawaharlal Nehru.
9. Assertion (A) India is a 'Sovereign' country.

Reason (R) Policies of India are decided by USA.
10. Assertion (A) Mahatma Gandhi is considered as 'Father of the Nation' in India.
Reason (R) Mahatma Gandhi was the first Governor General of independent India.
Directions (Q11 - Q13) Answer these questions based on the information given below.
Surinder, Prem, Wasim, Bishamber and Chauhan are five players of a college cricket team and their home towns are
Sikandrabad, Panipat, Warangal, Banaras and Chennai (not in the order of their names). The five specialist slots of
spinner, pace-bowler, wicket-keeper, batsman and captain are held by them (not in order of their names stated above).
LE Prep Assist
Their names, home towns and specialities don't start with the same letter. Neither Prem nor Wasim is the captain and
they don't belong to either Sikandrabad or Banaras. Panipat is not Bishamber's home town. The player who hails from
Banaras is a wicket-keeper. The captain's home town is Panipat while the batsman does not hail from waragal. Surinder is
neither a wicket-keeper nor a batsman.
11. Who is the wicket-keeper?

(a) Wasim (b) Bishamber (c) Chauhan (d) Surinder
12. The spinner's home town is

(a) Chennai (b) Banaras (c) Warangal (d) Panipat
13. Who is the pace-bowler?

(a) Prem (b) Bishamber (c) Surinder (d) Chauhan
Directions (Q14 - Q16) Answer these questions oased on the information given below.
There were four participants from Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Jharkhand and Madhya Pradesh taking part in a beauty contest.
• All the participants were sitting in a row.
• All of them were wearing sarees of different colours i.e., blue, black, orange and red.
• One who was wearing the black saree won the contest.
• There was one runner up and she was sitting beside Miss Madhya Pradesh. The runner up was wearing blue saree.
• Miss Jharkhand was not seated on the extreme ends and was not the runner up.
• The winner and the runner up were not seated adjacent to each other.
• Miss Madhya Pradesh was wearing the orange saree.
• Miss Delhi was not wearing the blue saree.
• Participants wearing black saree and orange saree were seated at the extreme ends.
14. Who was the runner up?

(a) Miss Delhi (b) Miss Madhya Pradesh
(c) Miss Uttar Pradesh (d) Miss Jharkhand
15. Which saree was worn by Miss Delhi?

(a) Blue (b) Black (c) Orange (d) Red
16. Who was wearing the red saree?

(a) Miss Jharkhand (b) Miss Uttar Pradesh (c) Miss Delhi (d) Miss Madhya Pradesh
A blacksmith has five steel balls J, K, L, M and N each of which has different weights.
• J weights twice as much as K.
• K weights four and a half times as much as L.
• L weights half as much as M.
• M weights half as much as N.
• N weights less than J but more than L.
17. N is heavier than which of the two steel balls?

(a) M and K (b) J and L (c) L and M (d) J and K
18. Which of the following is the lightest in weight?

(a) K (b) J (c) L (d) D
19. Which of the following is the heaviest in weight?

(a) L (b) K (c) J (d) M

LE Prep Assist
The capital New Delhi is the seat of power of the Central Government. It has over 50 renowned colleges to cater to the
needs of (10 + 2) passed out candidates. The competition for admission still remains very tough. Students look for
reputation of college, faculty, members, location, hostel facilities, past alumni and so on. Five studious and intelligent
students who scored more than 94% in the XII board exam were asked to give their four options out of seven top colleges
of Delhi.
Their options in order of preference were as follows.
Student A opted for U, Y, X and W. Student B for Z, V, X and T. Student C wanted to join V, W, Y and U.
Student D desired admission in W, U, T and Z. Student E was keen for V, T, Y and X.
20. Which pair of students opted for colleges V and X but did not want to go to U and W?
(a) B and E (b) A and D (c) B and C (d) B and A
21. Which pair of students did not opted for college X but both of them opted for college U?
(a) A and C (b) B and C (c) CandD (d) D and E
22. Which student opted for colleges X and Y but did not opt for T and Z?
(a) D (b) C (c) B (d) A
Gurgaon is an important part of the National Capital Region (NCR Delhi) and is a very progressive town of Haryara
State. Of late, it has come to be known as Town of Malls and high rise buildings. Now, it can easily be compared to Dubai.
The malls in Gurgaon have become very popular and daily footfall is around 1 lakh which goes up to 1.5 lakh during first
week of the month. A survey conducted on five prominent malls as to the four vital items on which the sale amounts to
more than 60% of total revenue, revealed the following information.
Mall A earns from ladies garments, artificial jewellery, cosmetics and electronics. Mall B earns mostly from furniture
cosmetics, sports and footwear. Mall C's greatest earnings are from electronics, sports, artificial jewellery and ladies
garments. Mall D's main revenues are from furniture, footwear, ladies garments and cosmetics. Mall E's main earninr
departments are electronics, artificial jewellery, ladies garments and sports.
23. Which pair of malls earns mostly from electronic items and artificial jewellery but not from furniture and footwear?
(a) A and B (b) C and D (c) A and C (d) B and E
24. Which of the following malls earns most from sports and electronics but not from cosmetics and furniture?
(a) A (b) B (c) D (d) E
25. Which mall does not earn much from ladies garments and artificial jewellery but gets maximum from footwear and
furniture?
(a) A (b) B (c) C (d) E
Directions (Q26 - Q28) These questions have a statement followed by two Conclusions I and II. Decide which of the
conclusions follows from the statement.
Give answer
(a) if Conclusion I follows
(b) if Conclusion II follows
(c) if neither Conclusion I nor II follows
(d) if both Conclusions I and II follow
26. Statement A man must be wise to be a good wrangler. Good wranglers are talkative and boring.
Conclusions
I. All the wise-persons are boring.
II. All the wise-persons are good wranglers.
27. Statement All good athletes win. All good athletes eat well.
Conclusions
I. All those who eat well are good athletes.
LE Prep Assist
II. All those who win eat well.
28. Statement All roads are water. Some water are boats.
Conclusions
I. Some boats are roads.
II. All water are boats.
Directions (Q29 - Q31) In each of these questions, two Statements I and II are provided. These may have a cause and
effect relationship or may have independent causes or be the effects of independent causes.
Give answer
(a) if the Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect
(b) if the Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect
(c) if both the Statements I and II are effects of independent causes
(d) if both the Statements are effects of some common cause
29. Statement I There is a sharp decline in the production of oilseeds this year.
Statement II The Government has decided to increase the import quantum of edible oil.
30. Statement I The Government has decided to make all the information related to primary education available to the
general public.
Statement II In the past, the general public did not have access to all this information related to primary education.
31. Statement I There have been heavy rains in the catchment area of the lakes supplying drinking water to the city.
Statement II The municipal authorities have suspended the proposed cut in water supply to the city.
Directions (Q32 - Q35) Each of these questions consists of a pair of words bearing a certain relationship. From amongst
the alternatives, pick up the pair that best illustrates a similar relationship.
32. SPIDER: WEB

(a) Ink : Pen (b) Cock : Hen (c) Teacher : Student (d) Poet: Poetry
33. THRUST: SPEAR

(a) Scabbard Sword (b) Mangle Iron (c) Bow Arrow (d) Fence Epee
34. MONEY: TRANSACTION

(a) Life : Death (b) Water: Drink (c) Ideas: Exchange (d) Language : Conversation
35. JEW: SYNAGOGUE

(a) Parsis : Temple (b) Jains : Fire Temple (c) Buddhists : Pagoda (d) Hindus : Vedas
Directions (Q36 - Q40) Complete the series by replacing the question mark '?'.
36. 27 CD 72, 26 FG 62,25 IJ 52,'?', 23 OP 32
(a) 24 HI 42 (b) 24 LM 42 (c) 24 KL 42 (d) 24 MN 42
37. 86 XW 68, 85 UT 58, 84 RQ 48,'?', 82 KL 28

(a) 83 ON 38 (b) 83 P0 38 (c) 83 RP 38 (d) 83 NO 38
38. BA 2500 ZY, DC 1600 XW, FE 900 VU,'?', JI 100 RQ

(a) GH 600 ST (b) HG 400 TS (c) HG 500 TS (d) HG 300 TS
39. 31 MN 97, 37 PQ 89,41 ST 83,'?', 47 YZ 73

(a) 43 VW 79 (b) 45 VW 80 (c) 43 VW 81 (d) 44 YW 82
40. 71 XW 13, 67 UT 17,'?', 59 ON 23, 53 LK 29

(a) 65 RQ 18 (b) 63 RQ 19 (c) 61 RQ 19 (d) 60RQ126
LE Prep Assist
Prep Test– English Language

Time: 25 min. No. of Questions: 40
Directions (Q1): Select the correctly punctuated sentence.
1. (a) I can’t find my dads’ invitation card, it’s probably lost.

(b) I can’t find my dad’s invitation card; its probably lost.
(c) I can’t find my dad’s invitation card; it’s probably lost.
(d) I cant find my dad’s invitation card; it’s probably lost.
Directions (Q2 and Q3): Choose the option which is the antonym of the word mentioned.
2. Ambiguity
(a) lucidity (b)basal (c) lovable (d) necessity
3. Ecstasy
(a) anguish (b)appeal (c) amenable (d)lucidity
Directions (Q4 and Q5): Choose the option which is a synonym or closest in meaning to the word.
4. Flagrant
(a) aroma (b)fuming (c) scandalous (d) spreading
5. Penchant
(a) liking (b)hatred (c) naughty (d) good
Directions (Q6): Mark the correct meaning of the following foreign words.
6. Kaiser.
(a) a feeling of anxiety (b) emperor (c) sudden attack (d) none of these
Directions (Q7 and Q8): In each of the following questions, a related pair of words or phrases is followed by five lettered
pairs of words or phrases. Select the lettered pair that best expresses a relationship similar to the one expressed in the
original pair.
7. Drama : Audience
(a) Brawl : Vagabonds (b) Game : Spectators
(c) Art : Critics (d) Movie : Actors
8. Building : Storey
(a) Book : Chapter (b) Sentence : Adjective
(c) Tree : Stem (d) Elephant : Tusk
Directions (Q8 and Q9): In the following questions, a set of four words is given. Three of the words are related in some
way, the remaining word is not related to the rest. You have to pick the word which does not fit in the relation and mark
that as your answer.
9. (a) detest (b) abhor (c) ardour (d) loathe

10. (a) fanatic (b) zealot (c) maniac (d) rational
Directions (Q11): Answer the questions based on the following information.

For the word given at the top of each table, match the dictionary definitions on the left (A, B, C, D) with their
corresponding usage on the right (E, F, G, H). Out of the four possibilities given below the table select the one that has all
the definitions and their usages correctly matched.

LE Prep Assist
11. Relief
Dictionary definition Usage

A Removal or lightening up of something E A ceremony follows the relief of a sentry after the morning
distressing shift.
B Aid in the forms of necessities for the indigent F It was a relief to take off the tight shoes.
C Diversion. G The only relief I get is by playing cards
D Release from the performance of duty. H Disaster relief was offered to the victims
A B C D
(a) F H E G
(b) F H G E
(c) H F G E
(d) G E H F
Directions(Q12): In the following questions sentences are given with blanks to be filled in with appropriate word. Four
alternatives are suggested for each question. Choose the best alternative.
12. The air hostess __________ the toffees to all the passengers aboard the aircraft.
(a) passed over (b) passed out (c) gave round (d) passed round
Directions (Q13): For these questions, select the best of the answer choices given.
13. The argument for liberalization which answers the worries of the left parties about the possible trade deficits
created by the opening up of the Indian economy goes thus: ‘In today’s economic scenario, where there are many
trading countries, the trade between two specific countries need not be balanced. The differing demands of goods
and services and the differing productive capabilities of the same among different countries will cause a country
like India to have trade deficits with some countries and surpluses with other countries. On the whole, the trade
deficits and surpluses will balance out in order to give a trade balance’.
Which of the following conclusions best summarizes the argument presented in the passage above?
(a) Left parties need not worry about trade deficits in India since its trade will always be in balance even though it
runs a deficit with a single country.
(b) India’s trade deficits and surpluses with other countries always balance out.
(c) The left parties in India should not be concerned about India’s trade deficits with specific countries because
they will balance out in the long run.
(d) None of these.
Directions (Q14 and Q15): Choose the correct meaning of the phrases given below.
14. To put a spoke in one's wheel.

(a) to interfere with (b) to hinder one's progress
(c) to prejudice (d) to have revenge
15. Throw cold water on

(a) to conquer rapidly (b) to refuse to listen
(c) to bring to an end (d) to discourage
Directions (Q16): There are few sentences in each question. Each sentence has pairs of words/phrases that are italicized’
highlighted. From the italicized/highlighted word(s)/phrase(s), select the most appropriate word(s)/phrase(s)
to form correct sentences. Then choose the best option.
16. (i) Within a short time span, she became his trusted confident [A]/confidante [B].
(ii) We were required to make a custom [A]/customary [B] design for the online shop.
(iii) He was declared illegible [A]/eligible [B] for the post despite not having required work experience.

LE Prep Assist
(iv) Several eminent[A]/ imminent [B] academicians are expected to be present for the seminar.
(a) ABAB (b) ABBA (c) BABA (d) BAAB
Directions (Q17 and Q18): Choose the correct option.
17. Leo experienced great __________ when his pet dog died.
(a) pain (b) anguish (c) losses (d) serendipity
18. Pollution causes a Lot of ___________ problems.

(a) breath (b) breathe (c) breather (d) breathing
Directions (Q19 to Q23): Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.
The Writ Jurisdiction of Supreme Court can be invoked under Article 32 of the Constitution for the violation of fundamental
rights guaranteed under Part III of the Constitution. Any provision in any Constitution for Fundamental Rights is
meaningless unless there are adequate safeguards to ensure enforcement of such provisions. Since the reality of such rights
is tested only through the judiciary, the safeguards assume even more importance. In addition enforcement also depends
upon the degree of independence of the Judiciary and the availability of relevant instruments with the executive authority.
Indian Constitution, like most of Western Constitutions, lays down certain provisions to ensure the enforcement of
Fundamental Rights.
However, Article 32 is referred to as the Constitutional Remedy for enforcement of Fundamental Rights. This provision
itself has been included in the Fundamental Rights and hence it cannot be denied to any person. Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
described Article 32 as the most important one without which the Constitution would be reduced to nullity. It is also
referred to as the heart and soul of the Constitution. By including Article 32 in the Fundamental Rights; the Supreme Court
has been made the protector and guarantor of these Rights. An application made under Article 32 of the Constitution before
the Supreme Court, cannot be refused on technical grounds. In addition to the prescribed five types of writs, the Supreme
Court may pass any other appropriate order. Moreover, only the questions pertaining to the Fundamental Rights can be
determined in proceedings against Article 32. Under Article 32, the Supreme Court may issue a Writ against any person or
government within the territory of India Where the infringement of a Fundamental Right has been established, the Supreme
Court cannot refuse relief on the ground that the aggrieved person may have remedy before some other court or under the
ordinary law.
The relief can also not be denied on the ground that the disputed facts have to be investigated or some evidence has to be
collected. Even if an aggrieved person has not asked for a particular Writ, the Supreme Court, after considering the facts
and circumstances, may grant the appropriate Writ and may even modify it to suit the exigencies of the case. Normally,
only the aggrieved person is allowed to move the Court. But it has been held by the Supreme Court that in social or public
interest matters, any one may move the Court. A Public Interest Litigation can be filed before the Supreme Court under
Article 32 of the Constitution or before the High Court of a State under Article 226 of the Constitution under their respective
Writ Jurisdictions.
19. The main purpose of the passage is to?

(a) Educate the reader about the importance of Article 32 of the Indian Constitution.
(b) Educate the reader about the importance of the Supreme Court in the country.
(c) Inform the reader about the safeguards regarding Fundamental Rights.
(d) Educate the reader about his rights as a citizen of the country.
20. All of the following can be inferred from the passage except?
(a) An application made under Article 32 of the Constitution before the Supreme Court cannot be refused.
(b) The Supreme Court, after considering the facts and circumstances, may modify the appropriate writ to suit the
exigencies of a case.
(c) The relevance of Article 32, without an independent judicial system, is questionable.
(d) In proceedings against Article 32, the questions pertaining to, but not limited to, fundamental rights are
considered.

LE Prep Assist
21. According to the passage, Article 32 has which of the following characteristics?
A. It is used for enforcement of fundamental rights.
B. The Supreme Court may issue a writ against any person or government of India.
C. Article 32 defines a fundamental right.
(a) B and C (b) Only A (c) Only B (d) All of the above
22. What is the tone of the author?

(a) critical. (b) analytical. (c) mendacious. (d) objective.
23. What is the correct meaning of the word ‘infringement’?

(a) provision (b) infarction (c) observance (d) violation
Directions (Q24 and Q25): For each of the following questions, a part or the whole of the original sentence has been bold.
You have to find the best way of writing the underlined part of the sentence.
24. Balancing a home delivery pizza with one hand and gripping a six-pack cartoon of Coke with another, the young
boy Vijay, paused in front of the guard room of the building.
(a) Balancing a home delivery pizza with one hand and gripping a six-pack carton of Coke with another.
(b) Balancing a home delivery pizza with one hand and having gripped a six-pack carton of Coke with another.
(c) Having a balance of a home delivery pizza with one hand and gripping a six-pack of carton of Coke with the
other.
(d) Balancing a home delivery pizza with one hand and gripping a pack of six Cokes with the other.
25. In the fall of 1996, the Indian government dispatched samples of the cells of the militants to those four U.S.
scientists, who were only the Americans authorised to test them.
(a) Dispatched samples of the cells of the militants to those four US scientists, who were only the Americans
authorised to test them.
(b) Dispatched samples of the militants’ cells to those four US scientists, the only Americans authorised to test
them.
(c) Dispatched samples of the cells of militants to those four US scientists who were authorised to Lest them.
(d) Dispatch the samples of the cells of the militants to those four US scientists, who were the only Americans
authorised to test them.
Directions (Q26 and Q27): Choose the word which is not a synonym for the given word.
26. Nimble
(a) adroit (b) patrician (c) nippy (d) dexterous
27. Titular.
(a) nominal (b) official (c) putative (d) causative
Directions (Q28): in these questions, four alternatives are given for the idiom/ phrase given bold in the sentence. Choose
the alternative which best expresses the meaning of the idiom/ phrase give in bold.
28. They made no bones about acknowledging their debt to his genius-
(a) did not have any hesitation in (b) did not have any faith in.
(c) demanded compensation for. (d) had problems in.
Directions (Q29): choose the option representing the most logical and coherent sequence of four sentences labelled (A),
(B), (C) and (D) to construct a meaningful paragraph starting with sentence 1 to and ending in sentence 6.
29. 1. Although Carlyle was of the opinion that all great things were always accomplished in silence, nothing great in
modern life is accomplished without a great deal of noise.

LE Prep Assist
(A) These days, one must let the world know who or what one is and lest they should forget, remind them
constantly about his ability and prowess.
(B) George Bernard Shaw explains how, during the beginning of his career, he advertised himself skilfully and
steadily without this effort, he frankly admits, he could not have attained the fame he deserved.
(C) He posed to be what he was not, he exaggerated his abilities and kept up a constant din in the literary world
about himself.
(D) Publicity and propaganda are as essential for success today as are diligence or honesty or merit. If a man of
great merit chooses to remain like a violet by the mossy stone, half-hidden from the eye, he has no chance to
succeed in life.
6. So people had to take notice of him even when they did not like him.
(a) ABCD (b) CDBA (c) BCDA (d) DABC
Directions (Q30 and Q31): In each question, the word at top is used in four different ways, numbered (a) to (d). Choose
the option in which the usage of the word is INCORRECT or INAPROPPRIATE.
30. LAY
(a) He lay his bed.
(b) Lay down the carpet here.
(c) She sighed as she lay the visitors, book beside the pen and lay back wondering if she would ever make an entry
in it again.
(d) Our hens lay every day.
31. ADOPT
(a) Some people cannot adopt to new surroundings.
(b) He tends to adopt the attitudes of those around him.
(c) The bank will have to adopt the new approach.
(d) There are many people eager to adopt a baby.
Directions (Q32 and Q33): For each of the words below, a contextual usage is provided. Pick the word from the
alternatives given that is most inappropriate in the given context
32. ABSTRUSE: Baffled by the abstruse text assigned in class, Dave asked Lexi to explain the passage to him.
(a) lengthy (b) enigmatic (c) esoteric (d) recondite
33. INCISIVE: His incisive remarks made us see the fallacy in our plans.
(a) trenchant (b) acrimonious (c) perspicacious (d) obtuse
Directions (Q34): There are two gaps in each of the following sentences. From the pairs of words given, choose the one
that fills the gaps most appropriately. The first word in the pair should fill the gap and the second word should fit the last
one.
34. The __________ science of seismology has grown just enough so that the first overly bold theories have been
__________
(a) magnetic, accepted (b) fledgling, refuted
(c) tentative, analysed (d) exploratory, recalled
Directions (Q35 and Q36): Identify the correct sentence or sentences. Check grammar usage, semantics, mechanics,
redundancy, punctuation, spelling and style elements.
35. A. After, he ate, the monkey mimicked him, through the glass.
B. One cannot be too careful of his good name.
C. Today we love what tomorrow we hate: today we seek what tomorrow we shun: today we desire what
tomorrow we fear
D. As soon as the parents discovered that the boy suffered from astigmatism, they took him to the optometrist for
corrective glasses.
LE Prep Assist
(a) A, B (b) B, C (c) C, D (d) D only
36. A. Nuclear bomb testing fills the air with radioactive dust and leaves many areas uninhabitable for centuries.
B. There are men and women who are all perfect, except for a bad-tempered disposition.
C. The United States have a big navy.
D. To many players cricket is not an adventure; it is a business.
(a) A, B, D (b) C only (c) B, D (d) A, C, D
Directions (Q37): The sentences given in each question, when properly sequenced, from a coherent paragraph. Each
sentence is labelled with a letter. Choose the most logical order of sentences to construct a meaningful paragraph.
37. (A) While HLL scours high and low just to turn a positive topline. Amway scorches ever upward – in another five
year, Amway could even be the country’ second largest FMCG player (after HLL), reckons Amway’s former
country chief Sudershan Benerjee.
(B) Yet, business is bout growth, and the contrast in pace is dizzying.
(C) Not that one is eating the other’s lunch; their markets do not overlap much, and India offers enormous
potential.
(D) But William S. Pinckney, managing director and CEO, Amway India, gets to sleep a lot easier than lever Chief
M.S. Banga.
(E) In absolute terms, that’s not even as large as the ad budget of Hindustan lever Ltd. (HLL).
(a) EDCBA (b) AEDBC (c) EADBC (d) ABEDC
Directions (Q38 and Q39): Find the correctly spelt word.
38. (a) benfitted (b) benifited (c) benefited (d) benefeted

39. (a) ommineous (b) omineous (c) ominous (d) omenous
Directions (Q40): In each of the following questions, the sentences of a paragraph are jumbled up and given. Each
sentence is labelled a, b, c and Find out the order in which the sentences have to be arranged to form a logically coherent
paragraph. Mark the letter corresponding with that choice as your answer.
40. (A) The sun had long set, but one blood red gash like an open wound lay low in the distant west.
(B) It was nine O’clock at night on the second of August – the most terrible August in the history of the World.
(C) Above, the stars were shining brightly, and below, the lights of the shipping yard glimmered in the bay.
(D) One might have thought that God’s curse hung heavy over a degenerate world, for there was an awesome hush
and a feeling of vague expectancy in the sultry and stagnant air.
(a) BACD (b) BADC (c) ABCD (d) ACBD

Current Affairs Practice Sheet (CAPS)
LE Prep Assist
1. Where Defence Minister Smt Nirmala Sitharaman (d) Hongik University in Seoul,South Korea
did inaugurated the 12th biennial edition of
International Aerospace and Defence Exhibition, 9. According to the 2019 Passport Index which
the Aero India 2019? country topped the list?
(a) Kolkata (b) Mumbai (a) UAE (b) India
(c) Bengaluru (d) New Delhi (c) US (d) Germany
2. Who became the first woman to co-pilot the 10. Who was conferred with the Seoul peace prize in
indigenously made combat fighter jet “Tejas” in the 14th Edition of Seoul Peace Prize Ceremony
the Aero India 2019? held in South Korea?
(a) PV Sindhu (b) Saina Nehwal (a) Moon Jae-in
(c) Sushma Swaraj (d) (e) None of these (b) Gimhae Heo Seong gon
(c) Ram Nath Kovind
3. What was the theme of the 12th biennial edition of (d) Narendra Modi
International Aerospace and Defence Exhibition,
the Aero India 2019 held in Bengaluru? 11. Which of the following department released the
(a) Theme-“Aerospace meets Automotive” draft e-commerce policy titled “Draft National e-
(b) Theme-“Indian Aerospace and its success” Commerce Policy India’s Data for India’s
(c) Theme-“Aero milestone in defence ” Development”?
(d) Theme-“Runway to a Billion Opportunities” (a) Department of Public Enterprises
(b) Department of Economic Affairs
4. Who chaired the 33rd GST Council Meeting that (c) Department for Promotion of Industry and
held in New Delhi? Internal Trade (DPIIT)
(a) Sushma Swaraj (b) Ram Nath Kovind (d) Department of Industrial Policy & Promotion
(c) Narendra Modi (d) Arun Jaitley
12. 91st Academy Awards (commonly known as
5. GST rate of _____ per cent was levied without Oscars) held in Dolby Theatre,which is located in
Input Tax Credit (ITC) on residential properties ________?
outside affordable segment? (a) Los Angeles, California
(a) 3 per cent (b) 5 per cent (b) San Francisco, California
(c) 7 per cent (d) 4 per cent– (c) New York City,New York
(d) Oakland,California
6. Who launched the “National Action Plan – Viral
Hepatitis” in Mumbai? 13. Which film won the highest number of awards in
(a) Ashwini Kumar Choubey the 91st Academy Awards?
(b) Narendra Modi (a) Black Panther
(c) Rajnath Singh (b) Bohemian Rhapsody
(d) Piyush Goyal (c) Green Book
(d) Roma
7. Who addressed the India-South Korea Business
Symposium,that was held in Seoul? 14. Name the film,which became the first super hero
(a) Ram Nath Kovind film to win a “Best Original Score” in 91st
(b) Narendra Modi Academy Awards or Oscar Awards?
(c) Sushma Swaraj (a) Aquaman
(d) Suresh Prabhu (b) Avengers: Infinity War
(c) Wonder Woman
8. In which University, did Prime Minister Narendra (d) Black Panther
Modi unveiled a bust of Mahatma Gandhi during
his visit to South Korea? 15. Which of the following,Indian Documentary Film
(a) Seoul National University in Seoul,South based on menstruation,that won the Oscar in “Best
Korea Documentary Short”Film category?
(b) Yonsei University in Seoul,South Korea (a) Venice 70: Future Reloaded
(c) Korea University in Seoul,South Korea (b) On Yoga the Architecture of Peace

LE Prep Assist
(c) Period. End of Sentence (d) Right to Information Act
(d) None of these
23. What is the theme of the News18 Rising India
16. Which film won the Oscar in the Best Picture Summit held in New Delhi?
category? (a) Theme-“Beyond Politics: Defining National
(a) Bohemian Rhapsody Priorities”
(b) Green Book (b) Theme-“Partnership with Youth to Achieve
(c) Roma the SDGs-Moving from Policy to Action ”
(d) None of these (c) Theme-“ Shaping A New India”
(d) None of these
17. Scientists from Harvard-Smithsonian Centre for
Astrophysics discovered an exo planet,that orbits 24. Afghanistan began exporting to India through
its star in just 11 hours.What is the name of the which of the following port in Iran, for the first
newly discovered exoplanet? time by bypassing the Pakistan route?
(a) Hot Earth (a) Chabahar port (b) Port of Eilat
(b) Proxima Centauri b (c) Shuwaikh port (d) None of these
(c) Gliese 581c
(d) None of these 25. Which country bought Indian raw sugar for the
first time in five years?
18. Name the State government,which declared (a) Japan (b) Russia
monkey as vermin for next one year? (c) Iran (d) None of these
(a) Kerala
(b) Andhra Pradesh 26. “Gandhi Peace Prize” for the year 2018 is
(c) Himachal Pradesh conferred to _____________ at Rashtrapati Bhawan
(d) None of these in New Delhi?
(a) Akshaya Patra Foundation
19. Which Cricket team became the first ever Asian (b) Vivekanand Kendra, Kanyakumari
team to win Test Series in South Africa? (c) Ekal Abhiyan Trust
(a) West Indies (d) Yohei Sasakawa
(b) Australia
(c) India 27. Who was appointed to the Amazon‘s Board of
(d) None of these Directors?
(a) Shikha Sharma
20. Rashid Khan became first bowler in T20I history to (b) Indra Nooyi
pick 4 wickets in 4 balls.He Belongs to which (c) Sunil Mittal
country? (d) None of these
(a) India
(b) Afghanistan 28. Where did India successfully test fired the short
(c) Srilanka range Quick Reaction Surface-to-Air Missile
(d) None of these (QRSAM) for the Indian Army?
(a) Anekal in Bengaluru
21. Where did Prime Minister Narendra Modi (b) Chandipur in Balasore district, Odisha
inaugurated the National War Memorial(NWM)? (c) Balanagar, Hyderabad
(a) Maharashtra (d) None of these
(b) New Delhi
(c) Gujarat 29. Where did Tejas Networks Launches World’s First
(d) None of these Ultra-Converged Broadband Product?
(a) World Sustainable Development Summit,New
22. CIC has announced that, Electronic Voting Delhi
Machine (EVM) is “information” under which of (b) First global conference on Blue
the Act and it can be demanded by a citizen from Economy,Nairobi
the Election Commission (EC) by paying Rs. 10? (c) Mobile World Congress, Barcelona
(a) Protection of Civil Rights Act (d) None of these
(b) Limitation Act
(c) All India Services Act, 1951
LE Prep Assist
30. Who won the Cannes International Open trophy Women) and Small Industries Development Bank
in Cannes, France? of India (SIDBI) with an Initial corpus of Rs.300
(a) Pier Luigi Basso Crore?
(b) Abhijeet Gupta (a) Health and welfare Bonds(HWB)
(c) Nikita Maiorov (b) Employment Generation Bonds(EGB)
(d) None of these (c) Development Impact Bond (DIB)
(d) Women’s Livelihood Bonds (WLBs)
31. Which Country broke Australia’s record for the
highest Twenty20 cricket? 38. Which of the following is the only Indian
(a) NewZealand company to make it to ‘50 Most Innovative
(b) Iran Companies’ list?
(c) Ireland (a) Jio Saavn (b) TCS
(d) Afghanistan (c) Wipro (d) None of these
32. Who became the first Indian to score 8000 runs in 39. Name the Organisation,that won the Energy and
T20s in the Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy match in Environment Foundation Global Clean Awards-
New Delhi? 2019 for sustained efforts in pursuit of Swachh
(a) Suresh Raina Bharat Mission?
(b) Virat Kohli (a) Environmental Protection Training and
(c) Rahul Shah Research Institute
(d) Dhruv Raval (b) India Innovation Growth Programme
(c) Oil and Natural Gas Corporation(ONGC)’s
33. Which of the following State becomes the first Rajahmundry
state in India to deploy specially-trained dogs to (d) Department of Environment and Forest of
check smuggling of liquor? Arunachal Pradesh
(a) Gujarat
(b) West Bengal 40. Who was awarded with Asian Player of the Year
(c) Bihar 2018 award from the Asian Hockey Federation?
(d) None of these (a) Simranjeet Singh
(b) Harmanpreet Singh
34. Name the Asia Pacific Region’s biggest (c) Akashdeep Singh
multinational military exercises, held in Thailand? (d) None of these
(a) Ekuverin
(b) Cobra Gold 41. Brij Bhushan Sharan Singh was elected as the
(c) Yudh Abhyas President of which of the following organization
(d) None of these for the third time?
(a) Wrestling Federation of India (WFI)
35. Which City hosted the month-long ‘Festival of (b) Indian Polo Association
India’? (c) Indian Weightlifting Federation
(a) Colombo, Sri Lanka (d) None of these
(b) New Delhi, India
(c) Kathmandu, Nepal 42. Who was appointed as the Prime Minister of
(d) None of these Sudan?
(a) Gaafar Nimeiry
36. Along with Reserve Bank of India (RBI), which of (b) Bakri Hassan Saleh
the following Bank formalised the USD 75- billion (c) Mohamed Tahir Ayala
swap agreement? (d) None of these
(a) Agricultural Bank of China
(b) Bank of Japan 43. Name the Country which was suspended by the
(c) Bank of China International Olympic Committee (IOC) from
(d) None of these Hosting International Sporting Events after
denying Visa’s to Pakistan Shooters?
37. Name the new social impact bonds launched by (a) United States
World Bank, United Nations Entity for Gender (b) Nepal
Equality and the Empowerment of Women (UN (c) Bangladesh
LE Prep Assist
(d) India 51. Where TamilNadu State government did
inaugurated the Second Coast Guard District and
44. Central Excise day is observed annually on thus became the first State in mainland to get 2
______________? Coast Guard Districts?
(a) 25th February (b) 24th February (a) Madurai
(c) 26th February (d) 22nd February (b) Thoothukudi
(c) Coimbatore
45. Which of the following Country became the 73rd (d) Chennai
Country after Signing the framework agreement of
the International Solar Alliance (ISA) with India? 52. Indian government had decided to stop sharing of
(a) Russia (b) Argentina Indus water with which of the following country?
(c) Saudi Arabia (d) South Korea (a) Nepal (b) Srilanka
(c) Bangladesh (d) Pakistan
46. Saudi Crown Prince, Mohammed bin Salman,
ordered to release how many Indian prisoners 53. Name the annual navy drill organized by the Iran
lodged in jails of Saudi Arabia on the request of Government,held in the waters of Strait of
Prime Minister Narendra Modi? Hormuz, Makran coast, Oman Sea?
(a) 1000 Prisoners (a) Sarv 19
(b) 850 Prisoners (b) Velayat 97
(c) 750 Prisoners (c) Great Prophet IX
(d) None of these (d) Eghtedar-e Velayat
47. Foundation for Economic Growth and Welfare 54. Which Country declared year-long state of
(EGROW Foundation) organized “The Future of emergency?
Indian Banking” conference along with which of (a) Sudan
the following Ministry/Think tank? (b) Pakistan
(a) Ministry of Labour and Employment (c) Iran
(b) Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment (d) Yemen
(c) NITI Aayog
(d) None of these 55. India will attend the Organisation of Islamic
Cooperation (OIC) foreign ministers meeting for
48. Saudi Crown Prince, Mohammed bin Salman first time.Name the Country,that will host the
increased the quota for Indian Haj pilgrims from Meeting in March,2019?
1.75 lakh to _______ lakh after PM Narendra (a) United States
Modi’s request? (b) United Arab Emirates
(a) 3 Lakh (b) 2.5 Lakh (c) China
(c) 2.75 Lakh (d) 2 Lakh (d) Saudi Arabia
49. With which of the following country, India had 56. Name the new Category of NBFC that is formed
decided to hold “joint naval exercises” and agreed by Reserve Bank of India (RBI) after merging
to constitute a ‘Comprehensive Security three categories of NBFCs viz Asset Finance
Dialogue’? Companies (AFC), Loan Companies (LCs) and
(a) Saudi Arabia (b) Argentina Investment Companies (ICs)?
(c) South Korea (d) Russia (a) NBFC-Asset and Investment Company
(NBFC-AIC)
50. Who launched the Integrated Large Scale Eri (b) NBFC-Investment and Credit Company
Farming under North East Region Textile (NBFC-ICC)
Promotion Scheme (NERTPS) in Arunachal (c) NBFC-Finance and Insurance Company
Pradesh? (NBFC-FIC)
(a) Narendra Modi (d) NBFC-Investment and Finance Company
(b) Smriti Irani (NBFC-IFC)
(c) Pema Khandu
(d) Ram Nath Kovind 57. Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) places
order with which of the following company for
supplying 2.75-inch rocket launchers to equip
LE Prep Assist
Indian armed forces? 64. Which State government launched the scheme for
(a) Thales adolescent girls aged between 11 to 14 years as a
(b) Lockheed Martin step to provide them proper nutrition and special
(c) Boeing care?
(d) Rolls-Royce (a) Uttar Pradesh
(b) Uttar Khand
58. Which State government conferred with Platinum (c) Madhya Pradesh
award in Web Ratna under the category State/UT (d) Himachal Pradesh
by Digital India Awards?
(a) Kerala 65. Who was the first Indian External Affairs Minister
(b) Tripura visited Bulgaria?
(c) Madhya Pradesh (a) Atal Bihari Vajpayee
(d) New Delhi (b) Jawaharlal Nehru
(c) Indira Gandhi
59. Name the Best Mobile App,that won the Gold in (d) Sushma Swaraj
the Digital India Awards? Answer & Explanation
(a) eCourts Services
(b) Meeseva App 66. Name the Scheme under which IIFL Home
(c) ePathshala Finance and Maharashtra government signed an
(d) T App Folio MoU (Memorandum of Understanding) for
building houses through credit-linked subsidy
60. Alyssa Healy set a new Guinness World Record scheme (CLSS)?
for the ‘highest catch of a cricket ball’ at the (a) Pradhan Mantri Adarsh Gram Yojana
Melbourne Cricket Ground (MCG).She belongs to (b) Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana
which of the following Country? (c) Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana
(a) Australia (d) National Service Scheme
(b) Belgium
(c) Russia 67. Who was the First Indian Woman, conferred with
(d) None of these “Global Future of Nature Award” for her work on
marine conservation?
61. Name the Country that had become the 72nd (a) Anandi Gopal Joshi
country to sign the Framework Agreement of the (b) Indra Nooyi
International Solar Alliance (ISA) with India? (c) Anushka Sharma
(a) Swaziland (d) Divya Karnad
(b) Argentina
(c) Russia 68. SpaceX launched Israel’s first moon lander, named
(d) Netherland ________ from Florida, United States?
(a) Beresheet
62. Which State/UT Hosted the India-Argentina (b) Cartosat
Business Forum? (c) Astrosat
(a) Karnataka (d) Oceansat
(b) West Bengal
(c) Maharashtra 69. Arunachal Pradesh and Mizoram celebrated
(d) New Delhi Statehood Day on which of the following date?
(a) February 21
63. In order to regularise the system of levying stamp (b) February 20
duty, President Ram Nath Kovind gave his assent (c) February 22
to the amendments of which of the following Act (d) February 23
recently?
(a) Indian Stamp Act, 1899 70. Upto how many years of imprisonment is
(b) Indian Stamp Act, 1999 declared, according to Muslim Women (Protection
(c) Indian Stamp Act, 1979 of Rights on Marriage) Ordinance 2019,that is
(d) Indian Stamp Act, 1879 promulgated by President recently?
(a) 1 Year
(b) 2 Year
LE Prep Assist
(c) 3 Year 77. Name the world’s first female AI news anchor
(d) 4 Year unveiled by Chinese news agency Xinhua in
collaboration with Sogou Inc?
71. Shaheed Dweep Island is selected for Seaplane (a) Xin Xiaomeng
Operation during 5th Island Development Agency (b) Guan-yin
(IDA) meetingheld in NewDelhi.Where is Shaheed (c) Hwei-ru
Dweep Island is located? (d) Mei Xiang
(a) Lakshadweep
(b) Aminidivi Islands 78. Scientists discovered Crimson coloured, Convex-
(c) Andaman & Nicobar Vented Horned (Megophryspachyproctus) Rare
(d) Minicoy Island frog species in which of the following State?
(a) Karnataka
72. Government signed MoU with which of the (b) Andhra Pradesh
following country’s University for research on (c) Kerala
environment issues? (d) Arunachal Pradesh
(a) Srilanka
(b) Canada 79. A small brown rat of bramble cay melomys
(c) U.S becomes World’s first mammal to go extinct due
(d) Russia to climate change,It belongs to which of the
following country?
73. Foreign direct investment (FDI) into India fell by (a) Srilanka
how much percent to USD 33.49 billion during (b) Bangladesh
April-December 2018-19? (c) Australia
(a) 5% (d) India
(b) 6%
(c) 7% 80. Who broke the record of “Most Sixes in
(d) 8% International Cricket” by achieving a feat of 477
international sixes recently?
74. Who was appointed as the First Ombudsman for (a) M S Dhoni
the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) by (b) Chris Gayle
Supreme Court? (c) Shahid Afridi
(a) Vijay Keshav Gokhale (d) Virat Kohli
(b) Rajiv Mehrishi
(c) D K Jain 81. Name the Scheme approved by Union Cabinet
(d) T. S. Tirumurti with an objective of providing financial and water
security to farmers?
75. Name the India’s first Humanoid Police Robot (a) Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana
inaugurated by Kerala Chief Minister, Pinarayi (b) Pradhan Mantri Matritva Vandana Yojana
Vijayan? (c) Kisan Urja Suraksha evam Utthaan
(a) KP-BOT Mahabhiyan
(b) KL-BOT (d) Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushalya
(c) HUM-BOT Yojana
(d) KL-HUM
82. Union Cabinet approved the implementation of
76. Which country unveiled new F-21 fighter jet to be National Rural Economic Transformation Project
manufactured in India under Prime Minister (NRETP) under the Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana
Narendra Modi‘sflagship programme ‘Make in – National Rural Livelihoods Mission (DAY-
India’? NRLM) with the loan assistance of which of the
(a) China following bank?
(b) US (a) World Bank
(c) Russia (b) Asian Development Bank
(d) Newzealand (c) International Bank For Reconstruction and
Development
(d) International Finance Corporation

LE Prep Assist
83. Where did Prime Minister Narendra Modi flagged (a) Legal Adv
off the first ever diesel to electric converted (b) Nyaya Bandhu
locomotive twin engine of 10000 Horse Power (c) e-Bandhu
(HP)? (d) e-LegalAdvice
(a) Guwahati, Assam
(b) Bhubaneswar, Odisha 90. Who won the Gold medal in Men’s 49 Kg category
(c) Dwarka, Gujarat in 70th International Boxing Tournament Strandja
(d) Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 2019 held at Sofia, Bulgaria?
(e) None of these (a) Amit Phangal
(b) Vijender Singh
84. During visit to Varanasi, PM Modi Inaugurated (c) Shiva Thapa
Virtual Experiential Museum in the banks of (d) Vikas Krishan Yadav
which River?
(a) River Yamuna 91. International Cricket Council (ICC) banned coach
(b) River Betwa Irfan Ansari for a period of 10 years, from all
(c) River Ganges forms of Cricket recently.He belongs to which of
(d) River Ramganga the following country?
(a) Australia
85. Name the SuperComputer that was unveiled in (b) New Zealand
IIT-BHU by Prime Minister Narendra Modi? (c) Pakistan
(a) Param Shivay (d) United Arab Emirates(UAE)
(b) Aaditya
(c) SahasraT 92. What is the theme of the World Day of Social
(d) Param Yuva 2. Justice observed on February 20,2019?
(a) Theme-‘ Rights and Responsibilities’
86. Operation Digital Board was launched by Human (b) Theme-‘ Dignity of Work and the Rights of
Resource Development (HRD) Ministry to provide Workers’
better digital education in school with the help of (c) Theme-‘If you want Peace and Development,
digital facilities for teaching by the year Work for Social Justice’
__________? (d) None of these
(a) 2022
(b) 2020 93. When was the foundation day of National
(c) 2025 Commission for Scheduled Tribes celebrated?
(d) 2030 (a) February 19
(b) February 18
87. Which city hosted the Regional Conference on (c) February 17
‘Deendayal Disabled Rehabilitation scheme (d) None of these
(DDRS)’ organised by DEPwD?
(a) Mumbai, Maharshtra 94. Name the State government, which passed a Bill
(b) Kolkata, West Bengal to make Sanskrit as the second official language of
(c) Bankauli, New Delhi the state?
(d) Chennai, Tamil Nadu (a) Madhya Pradesh
(b) Himachal Pradesh
88. Who was conferred with the Lifetime (c) Maharashtra
Achievement award in 7th National Photography (d) NewDelhi
Awards held in New Delhi?
(a) Shanth Kumar 95. Which company becomes the first Indian state
(b) Arun Sreedhar refiner to buy U.S. crude oil worth USD 1.5 billion
(c) Ashok Dilwali for 60,000 barrels a day from April 2019 to March
(d) Mihir Singh 2020?
(a) Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited
89. Which of the following mobile App was launched (b) Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited
by Law Minister Ravi Shankar Prasad to enhance (c) Indian Oil Corporation Limited
access to justice for all seeking quality legal advice (d) Reliance Industries Limited
from Advocates?
LE Prep Assist
96. As per Ministry of Commerce and Industry’s new 103. President Donald Trump declared national
norms, after how many years of incorporation, a emergency at which of the following border and
startup will recognise as an entity, from earlier 7 sought construction of long wall?
years under the Income Tax Act, 1961? (a) US-Russia border wall
(a) 10 years (b) US-Pakistan border wall
(b) 8 years (c) US-Mexico border wall
(c) 9 years (d) None of these
(d) 12 years
104. Who was conferred with Rabindranath Tagore
97. Who was awarded with India’s first-ever Award for Cultural Harmony for the year 2014 by
“Football Ratna” by Football Delhi president Shaji President Ram Nath Kovind in NewDelhi?
Prabhakaran, former player and administrator in (a) Rajkumar Singhajit Singh
AIFF and FIFA? (b) Chhayanaut
(a) Cristiano Ronaldo (c) Ram Sutar Vanji
(b) Lionel Messi (d) None of these
(c) Gurpreet Singh Sandhu
(d) Sunil Chhetri 105. Who was appointed as the Brand Ambassador of
PUMA?
98. Who won the Sportsman of the Year in Laureus (a) M C Mary Kom
World Sports Awards 2019 at the Laureus Awards (b) Mithali Raj
Ceremony in Monaco? (c) Saina Nehwal
(a) Lionel Messi (d) None of these
(b) Roger Federer
(c) Novak Djokovic 106. Scientists of which country had developed the first
(d) Rafael Nadal ant-like walking robot to have navigational
capabilities without GPS?
99. Name the drainage-cleaning robot introduced in (a) France
Chennai, Tamil Nadu recently? (b) China
(a) Mitra (c) US
(b) Bandicoot (d) None of these
(c) Daksh
(d) None of these 107. Name the first Iranian made semi-heavy
submarine launched by Iran’s President Hassan
100. Which country is planning to build its first space- Rouhani?
based solar power station, orbiting 36,000 (a) Sina
kilometres above ground? (b) Fateh
(a) US (c) Kalat
(b) China (d) None of these
(c) Russia
(d) None of these 108. Which Country won the First Mallakhamb World
Championshi, held in Shivaji Park, central
101. Name the person, who was popularly known as Mumbai?
‘Grandfather of Climate Science’ died at the age of (a) Spain
87 in New York? (b) India
(a) Max Planck (c) Iran
(b) Rosalind Franklin (d) None of these
(c) Francis Crick
(d) Wallace Smith Broker 109. Which Ministry has recently published a
guidelines to establish charging station for EV
102. Name the mega exercise conducted by Indian Air (Electric Vehicles) at every 25 km to outline the
Force in Pokhran, Rajasthan? ways to build fueling points?
(a) Yudh Abyas (a) Ministry of Urban Development
(b) Hind Shakti (b) Ministry of Commerce and Industry
(c) Vayu Shakti (c) Ministry of Housing and Urban affairs
(d) None of these (d) None of these
LE Prep Assist
110. Non Performing Assets(NPAs) of which of the (c) Halfed
following scheme stood at Rs 7,277 crore in all (d) None of these
PSBs(Public Sector Banks) by the end of March
2018? 117. Which Bank had became the first US bank with
(a) Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana Cryptocurrency?
(b) Kisan Vikas Patra (a) JP Morgan Chase
(c) Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY) (b) Bank of America
(d) None of these (c) Goldman Sachs
(d) None of these
111. Who was appointed as the chairman of the Central
Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT)? 118. Which City topped and won the Swachhata
(a) Pramod Chandra Mody Excellence Awards 2019?
(b) Salil Parekh (a) Alappuzha of Kerala
(c) Sushil Chandra (b) Ambikapur of Chhattisgarh
(d) None of these (c) Kumbakonam of Tamil Nadu
(d) Raigarh of Chhattisgarh
112. Which Team won the Irani Cup title recently and Answer & Explanation
becomes the 3rd team after Bombay and
Karnataka to defend the Ranji Trophy and Irani 119. Name the Music legend who was awarded with
Cup? India’s highest civilian award, Bharat Ratna
(a) Rest of India posthumously in the year 2019?
(b) Delhi (a) Bhupen Hazarika
(c) Vidarbha (b) Kishori Amonkar
(d) None of these (c) M Balamurali Krishna
(d) None of these
113. In which City does Prime Minister Narendra Modi
laid foundation stone of Defence Corridor during 120. Tapsee Pannu appointed as brand ambassador of
his visit to Uttarpradesh? which organization?
(a) Prayagraj (a) PepsiCo’s Mountain Dew
(b) Varanasi (b) PepsiCo’s Gatorade
(c) Jhansi (c) PepsiCo’s Kurkure
(d) None of these (d) None of these
114. Prime Minister Narendra Modi flagged off 121. Who became the first Indian Woman Flight
Humsafar Express in which of the following Engineer?
Route? (a) Hina Jaiswal
(a) Yavatmal to Darjeeling (b) Arunima Sinha
(b) Aurangabad to Shimla (c) Roshini Sharma
(c) Ajni (Nagpur) to Pune (d) None of these
(d) None of these
122. UN Secretary-General Appointed Chandramouli
115. India’s first district cooling system is to be set up Ramanathan of India to which of the following
in which of the following city by United Arab post?
Emirates (UAE) based Tabreed? (a) Head of Programme Planning
(a) Mumbai,Maharashtra (b) President for Programme Planning
(b) East Delhi,New Delhi (c) High Commissioner
(c) Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh (d) Controller, Assistant Secretary-General for
(d) None of these Programme Planning
116. According to World Health Organization report, 123. Who overtook former Indian captain Kapil Dev to
Measles cases nearly ______in 2018 from its become joint 7th highest Test wicket-taker?
previous year? (a) MS Dhoni
(a) Tripled (b) Dale Steyn
(b) Doubled (c) Virat Kohli
(d) None of these
LE Prep Assist
124. Which State government launched the Parents detect liquor consignment?
Responsibility and Norms for Accountability and (a) Haryana (b) Uttar Pradesh
Monitoring (PRANAM) Commission for (c) Bihar (d) Maharashtra
protection of parents of state government
employees? 132. Ashraf Ghani flagged off the Afghan Cargo
(a) New Delhi from western Nimroz province that will be
(b) Assam exported to India through Chabahar Port.Where
(c) Uttar Pradesh is Chabahar Port located?
(d) None of these (a) Afghanistan (b) India
(c) Iran (d) Pakistan
125. Which of the following banks are removed from
the PCA (Prompt Corrective Action) framework 133. Recently, which country has declared a national
recently? state of emergency, dismissed the federal
(a) Corporation Bank, Allahabad Bank and government and sacked all state governors?
Dhanlaxmi Bank (a) Ethiopia (b) Sudan
(b) Corporation Bank,Dhanlaxmi Bank and Yes (c) Zimbabwe (d) Venezuela
Bank
(c) Allahabad Bank, Yes Bank and ICICI Bank 134. Who was sworn as PM of Sudan?
(d) None of these (a) Mohamed Imran Khan
(b) Arif Alvi
126. Who was appointed as the Chairman of the (c) Mohamed Tahir Ayala
National Book Trust (NBT)? (d) Omar Al Bashir
(a) Jagdish Joshi
(b) Subir Roy 135. Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched the
(c) Baldeo bhai Sharma Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi scheme
(d) Govind Prasad Sharma in which city/UT?
(a) Pune (b) Gorakhpur
127. Who was elected as the President of Nigeria for (c) NewDelhi (d) Lucknow
the second time?
(a) Muhammadu Buhari 136. Which country’s central bank launched new
(b) Ibrahim Babangida currency RTGS Dollar?
(c) Shehu Shagari (a) Austria (b) Venezuela
(d) None of these (c) Zimbabwe (d) Australia
128. Defence Acquisition Council (DAC) headed by 137. Who has been elected third time unopposed as
Union Defence Minister Nirmala Sitharaman the President of Wrestling Federation of India/
approved the acquisition of defence equipment (a) Brij Bhushan Sharan Singh
worth __________ Crore? (b) VN Prasood
(a) Rs.3000 Crore (c) ID Nanavati
(b) Rs.2700 Crore (d) Satyapal singh Deshwal
(c) Rs.5000 Crore
(d) None of these 138. Union Minister of State for Food Processing
Industries Sadhvi Niranjan Jyoti inaugurated
129. Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated the Sikaria Mega Food Park Pvt Ltd in which city?
National War Memorial in which city/UT? (a) Dispur (b) Agartala
(a) Mumbai (b) New Delhi (c) Bangaluru (d) Gangtok
(c) Chennai (d) Lucknow
139. Union Textiles Minister Smriti Irani launched
130. Which state launched the 100 day urban job the Integrated Large Scale Eri Farming in which
guarantee scheme? state?
(a) Rajasthan (b) Chhattisgarh (a) Arunachal Pradesh
(c) Uttar Pradesh (d) Madhya Pradesh (b) Sikkim
(c) Nagaland
131. Which state has become the first state in the (d) Assam
country to have raise a special dog squad to
LE Prep Assist
140. Who was elected as vice president of the Asian (a) Rs 28000 cr (b) Rs 25000 cr
Hockey Federation for a four-year term in Gifu, (c) Rs 27000 cr (d) Rs 31000 cr
Japan?
(a) Ashwani Lohani 150. President Mauricio Macri arrived in New Delhi
(b) Ramachandra Guha on a three-day India visit. He is currently the
(c) Vinod Rai President of which country?
(d) Mohd Mushtaque Ahmad (a) South Africa (b) Austria
(c) Australia (d) Argentina
141. Recently, Department of Justice launched which
application to ensure empowerment to the 151. Who won the Qatar Open 2019?
common man through technology for access to (a) Angelique Kerber (b) Venus Williams
justice? (c) Simona Halep (d) Elise Mertens
(a) Niksha (b) Bharat ka Nyaya
(c) Nyay Palika (d) Nyaya Bandhu. 152. The Indian Air Force (IAF) demonstrated its
full spectrum combat and fire capabilities
142. What is the name of the first walking robot that during “Exercise Vayu Shakti-2019”in which
navigates without GPS? state/UT?
(a) Kitt (b) Gerty (a) Jammu and Kashmir
(c) AntBot (d) Tachikoma (b) Gujarat
(c) Punjab
143. Recently, Cabinet Committee on Economic (d) Rajasthan
Affairs (CCEA) approved KUSUM
scheme.What does “S”stands in KUSUM? 153. NASA launched which telescope that would
(a) Samidhan (b) Suraksha begin a two-year mission in 2023 to look for
(c) Samasya (d) Sahoyog life’s ingredients and probe how the universe
evolved?
144. PM Narendra Modi inaugurated a Virtual (a) HOLEx (b) HUBBLE x
Experiential Museum (VEM) in which city? (c) SPHEREx (d) TOINEx
(a) Nagpur (b) Lucknow
(c) Varanasi (d) Gorakhpur 154. Who won Irani Cup Title 2019?
(a) Rest of India (b) Vidarbha
145. Asia’s biggest defence exhibition show “Aero (c) Saurashtra (d) Mumbai
India 2019” will be held in which city?
(a) Mumbai (b) Bengaluru 155. Prime Minister Narendra Modi flagged off
(c) Pune (d) Nashik which maiden first semi high speed train?
(a) Train 19
146. Who won the 4th Laureus World Sportsman of (b) Vande Matram Express
the year award 2019? (c) Indian Express
(a) Leander Paes (b) Rafael Nadal (d) Bharat Express
(c) Roger Federer (d) Novak Djokovic
156. The 38th “Cobra Gold exercise began in which
147. Recently, Crown Prince Mohammed Bin country?
Slaman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud visited India. He (a) USA (b) Singapore
is the crown price of which country? (c) India (d) Thailand
(a) UK (b) UAE
(c) Saudi Arabia (d) Afghanistan 157. The Indian Government has proposed the
construction of Lower Arun Hydropower
148. Which social media platform announced an Project in which country?
investment of over $100 million to expand its (a) Nepal (b) Sri Lanka
business in India in the next three years? (c) Maldives (d) China
(a) Facebook (b) BIGO
(c) WeChat (d) Line 158. Who won Israel’s prestigious Dan David Prize?
(a) Bhupen Hazarika
149. How much dividend will be paid by RBI to the (b) Sonam Wangchuk
government this year?
LE Prep Assist
(c) Bharat Vatwani (d) Adarsh Kumar Goel
(d) Sanjay Subrahmanyam 169. Name the news agency which unveiled the
159. Which country’s president has been elected world’s first female AI news anchor.
chairman of the African Union at the (a) Xin Xin Hua
continental body’s summit in Ethiopia? (b) hang Suu
(a) Macedonia (b) Australia (c) WION (d) Xinhua
(c) Ukraine (d) Egypt
170. A __________ of bramble cay melomys species
160. Who received royal honour in UK for service to lived on a tiny island off northern Australia
Hindu Community? becomes the world’s first mammal to have
(a) Ajai Singh (b) Kartik Nayan become extinct due to “human-induced climate
(c) Aryan Singh (d) Dhruv Patel change”.
(a) small black rabbit (b) small brown rat
161. When is World Sick day observed? (c) big red rabbit (d) small red rat
(a) 11 Feb (b) 10 Feb
(c) 9 Feb (d) 12 Feb 171. India and _________ signed an MoU for
releasing a joint stamp commemorating the
162. Recently, DRDO successfully flight tested legendary Princess Suriratna (Queen Hur
which indigenously missile based system in Hwang-ok), a legendary Princess of Ayodhya.
Odisha? (a) South Korea (b) Sri Lanka
(a) SRMS (b) ATMA (c) Vietnam (d) China
(c) ARM (d) SFDR
172. Prime Minister Narendra Modi, in South Korea,
163. 13th International Oil and Gas Conference – will receive the __________ in recognition of his
PETROTECH 2019 was held in which city? dedication to international cooperation, global
(a) Pune (b) Greater Noida growth and human development.
(c) Mumbai (d) Delhi (a) South Korea Leadership Award
(b) South Korea Peace Prize
164. Who won the Chennai Open ATP Challenger (c) Seoul Peace Prize
tennis tournament? (d) Korean Leadership Award
(a) Roger Federer (b) Andrew Harris
(c) Rafael Nadal (d) Corentin Moutet 173. Under ____________, government has aimed at
equipping 9 lakh classrooms in schools and
165. The 2019 Grammy Awards were held in which colleges across the country with digital facilities
city? for teaching by 2022.
(a) London (b) Paris (a) Operation Digital Board
(c) Los Angeles (d) New York (b) Sarv Shiksha Abhiyan
(c) Digital Shiksha Mission
166. Recently, India launched its which anti guided (d) Operation Digital Shiksha
missile in Balashore, Odisha?
(a) Prospina (b) Nag 174. International Mother Language Day is observed
(c) Amogha (d) Helina every year on ________ since February 2000 to
promote linguistic and cultural diversity and
167. Which state Police has inducted India’s first multilingualism.
humanoid robot officer? (a)15th February
(a) Uttar Pradesh (b) Delhi (b) 19th February
(c) Goa (d) Kerala (c) 21st February
(d) 23rd February
168. Who among the following has been appointed
as the first ombudsman for the cricket body 175. The World Day of Social Justice is celebrated
BCCI under its new Constitution approved by annually all over the world on _________.
the court? (a) 2 February (b) 10 February
(a) TS Thakur (c) 20 February (d) 17 February
(b) DK Jain
(c) Arun Kumar Mishra
LE Prep Assist
176. Cyber Prevention Awareness and Detection (d) Sarla Thakral
(CyPA(d) Centre and the National Cyber
Forensic Lab (NCFL) were inaugurated by 185. Bruno Ganz who is famous for his role of
Union Home Minister Rajnath Singh German dictator, Adolf Hitler in the Oscar-
in__________.Daman and Diu nominated film Downfall has passed away
(a) Chandigarh (b) New Delhi recently. He was from-
(c) Pondicherry (d) Goa (a) Australia (b) Switzerland
(c) USA (d) Germany
177. Which of the following country became the 73rd
nation to sign the International Solar Alliance? 186. World Sustainable Development Summit
(a) Iran (b) Oman (WSDS) 2019 held at Vigyan Bhawan, New
(c) UAE (d) Saudi Arabia Delhi. What was the theme of the summit?
(a) Sustainable Development Goals 2030
178. Who among the following beat world number Agenda and our promise
3, Simona Halep to win the Qatar Open? (b) Delivering required to achieve Sustainable
(a) Anna Chakvetadze Development Goals 2030
(b) Venus Williams (c) Achieving Sustainable Development Goals
(c) Maria Sharapova 2030
(d) Elise Merten (d) Attaining the 2030 Agenda: delivering on
our promise
179. Iran’s President Hassan Rouhani recently
unveiled the first Iranian made semi-heavy 187. Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI)
submarine. Name the submarine. launched a new portal, LADIS for real-time data
(a) Dorna (b) Kowsar on available depth on stretches of National
(c) Tofan (d) Fateh Waterways. What does I stands for in LADIS?
(a) Indivisual
180. Indian Air Force conducted mega exercise (b) India
‘Vayu Shakti’ at _________. (c) Information
(a) Tezpur (b) Pokhran (d) Indus
(c) Panagarh (d) Jaisalmer
188. NASA announced that its Opportunity Rover
181. Which of the following country is to launch its mission is complete. This was launched by
first moon mission, sending an unmanned NASA in________.
spacecraft to collect data to be shared with (a) 1999
NASA? (b) 2003
(a) Israel (b) China (c) 2010
(c) France (d) India (d) 2007
182. Which Bank has rolled out the first US bank 189. Who among the following has been appointed
cryptocurrency? as the Election Commissioner?
(a) Citigroup (b) Goldman Sachs (a) Sushil Chandra
(c) Wells Fargo (d) JP Morgan (b) O P Rawat
(c) Sunil Arora
183. Who has won the International Human Rights (d) Sunil Chandra
Prize?
(a) Abdul Aziz Muhamat 190. India has withdrawn the MFN status that it had
(b) Bradley Cooper granted to Pakistan. In which year India had
(c) Sanjay Subrahmanyam granted the status to Pakistan?
(d) Francois Laborde (a) 2016 (b) 2006
(c) 1986 (d) 1996
184. Who has become the First Indian Woman Flight
Engineer of the Indian Air Force (IAF)? 191. Who among the following has been appointed
(a) Hina Jaiswal as the new chairman of Central Board of Direct
(b) Surekha Yadav Taxes (CBDT)?
(c) Preethi Alandur (a) R S Sharma
LE Prep Assist
(b) Pramod Chandra Mody 197. Reserve Bank of India decided to treat deposits
(c) R K Singh to over ______ as ‘bulk’ as they increased the
(d) Bimal Jalan limit for the same from the earlier _______.
(a) Rs.1 crore, Rs.50 lakhs
192. World Radio Day is celebrated every year (b) Rs.2 crore, Rs.1.5 crore
on___________. (c) Rs.2 crore, Rs.1 crore
(a) 10 February (b) 13 February (d) Rs.1.5 crore, Rs.75 lakhs
(c) 11 February (d) 15 February
198. The 5-day multinational maritime exercise
193. The Meghalaya Cabinet has decided to rename ‘AMAN-19’ in which 46 nations participated
the Dikkibandi stadium in Tura town after from all over the world was held at _______.
__________. (a) Karachi
(a) Konrad Sangma (b) P A Sangma (b) Kolkata
(c) Mukul Sangma (d) Ranjan Gogoi (c) Kyoto
(d) Tehran
194. Egypt’s President Abdel-Fattah el-Sissi has been
elected as the chairman of the African Union at 199. In which of the following district of
the continental body’s summit. It was held in Uttarakhand, a Himalayan Cloud Observatory
__________. is set up with a motive to forecast and monitor
(a) South Africa (b) Egypt cloudburst incidents in the Himalayan region
(c) Rwanda (d) Ethiopia and help to minimize the damage?
(a) Rudraprayag
195. Which of the following frontline warship of the (b) Uttarkashi
Indian Navy, participated in a multi-national (c) Almora
training exercise ‘CUTCLASS EXPRESS 2019’? (d) Tehri
(a) INS Khukri (b) INS Gangotri
(c) INS Vikrant (d) INS Trikand 200. Union Environment Minister, Dr. Harsh
Vardhan, announced the ________ as the
196. Which of the following city's Judicial mascot for the 13th Conference of Parties (COP)
Department has decided to include Hindi as the of the UN Convention on the Conservation of
third official language used in its courts, Migratory Species (CMS) to be held in 2020.
alongside Arabic and English? (a) Sarus Crane
(a) Khasab (b) Kuwait City (b) Parrot
(c) Doha (d) Abu Dhabi (c) Hornbill
(d) Great Indian Bustard

LE Prep Assist
ANSWER KEY AND EXPLANATIONS

Prep Test – Logical Reasoning
1. d 2. a 3. d 4. c 5. c 6. c 7. c 8. b 9. c 10. c
11. c 12. c 13. b 14. c 15. b 16. a 17. c 18. c 19. c 20. a
21. c 22. d 23. c 24. d 25. b 26. c 27. b 28. d 29. a 30. d
31. a 32. d 33. c 34. d 35. c 36. b 37. a 38. b 39. a 40. b
1. (d) Making relating tree from given information, 4. (c) Third day of a month = Monday
i.e., in that particular month date 3 10, 17, 24 will fall on
Monday
Now, fifth day from 21st of that month 5 +21 = 26th of
that month
24th of that month fall on Monday.
26th of that month will fall = 24 + 2
= Monday + 2 days
= Wednesday
5. (c) Given, A is brother of B.
So, A is a male and B is a female from statement given
It is clear from above relation tree that Arti is the aunt of in question.
Shruti. From option (c), if total one brother and two sisters in
2. (a) The direction diagram of train is as below: the family, then the condition given in question is
satisfied or
B i.e., B has one brother and one sister but total they are
one brother and two sisters. Hence, option (c) is right
answer.
6. (c) Making relation tree from given information,
Let A is the starting point of train and D is the last point

of train where it was stopped.
It is clear from the above diagram that the station is in
South-West direction from the train's starting point.
3. (d) The direction diagram of Manu is as below
It clear that from above relation tree that Dinesh is uncle

of Tarun.
7. (c) The common value of all religion should be taught
to the children in our schools will help inculcating
moral values amongst the children our country. Hence,
both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of
A.
Let A is the starting point of Manu and G is the last 8. (b) Indira Gandhi was the Prime Minister of India for
point of his journey. many years but she was the daughter of Jawaharlal
Now, BC = ED = 80 km, FG = AE = 10 km Nehru is not related to the first one. Hence, both A and
CD = BE = 30 km, AB = 40 km R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
EF = GA = 50 km 9. (c) India is a 'Sovereign' country means India is a
Clearly, from diagram at last, distance between Manu's independent country and it has it's own policy, rules
starting point and last point = GA = 50 km and regulations. Hence, A is true but R is false.
LE Prep Assist
10. (c) Mahatma Gandhi is considered as 'Father of the
Nation' in India but he never made the Governor Hint (20 to 22)
General of independent India. Hence, A is true but R is
false.
Hint (11 to 13)
20. (a) It is clear from the above table that the student B and
E opted for colleges V and X but did not want to go U
and W.
21. (c) Student C and D did not opt for college X but both of
them opted for college U.
22. (d) There are only one student A who opted for college
X and Y but did not opt for T and Z.
. Hint (23 to 25)

11. (c) From above table, it is clear that wicket-keeper is Mall Item
Chauhan. Mall A Ladies garments, Artificial jewellery
12. (c) From above table, it is clear that spinner's home cosmetics and electronics
town is Warangal. Mall B Furniture, cosmetics, sports and footwear
13. (b) From above table, it is clear that Bishamber is the Mall C Electronics, sports, artificial jewellery, ladies
pace bowler. garment
Mall D Furniture, footwear, ladies garments,
cosmetics
Hint (14 to 16) Mall E Electronics, artificial jewellery, ladies
garment, sports.
23. (c) From option (c), it is clear that Mall A and Mall C
earns mostly from electronic items and artificial
jewellery but not from furniture and footwear.
24. (d) It is clear from the above data that the Mall E earns
most from sports and electronics but not from cosmetics
14. (c) From above, we can say that and furniture.
Miss Uttar Pradesh was the 25. (b) It is clear from the above data that the Mall B earns
runner up. maximum from footwear and furniture.
15. (b) From above, it is clear that black saree was worn by 26. (c) According to the statement, good wranglers are
Miss Delhi. wise-men. But it does not mean that, all wise-men are
16. (a) From above, it is clear that Miss Jharkhand was good wranglers. So, neither |nor ||follows.
wearing the red saree. 27. (b) All those who win eat well follows. So, only
Conclusion II follows.
28. (d) According to the statement,
Hint (17 to 19)
So, neither Conclusion I nor II follows.
29. (a) Statement I is the cause and Statement II is the

17. (c) From above, it is clear that N is heavier than balls L
effect of given cause.
and M.
30. (d) Both the statements are the effect of some
18. (c) From above, it is clear that L is the lightest in the
common cause.
weight.
31. (a) Statement I is the cause and Statement II is the
19. (c) From above, it is clear that J is the heaviest in the
effect of given cause.
weight.

LE Prep Assist
32. (d) As, Spider is related to Web in the same way Poet is
related to Poetry.
33. (c) As, thrust is related to Spear, in the same way Bow
is related to Arrow.
34. (d) As, Money is used for Transaction, in the same way
Language is used for Conversation.
35. (c) As, Synagogue is the holy place of Jew, in the same
way Pagoda is the holy place of Buddhists.
36. (b) 39. (a)
37. (a)
40. (b)
38. (b)

LE Prep Assist
ANSWER KEY AND EXPLANATIONS

Prep Test – English Language
1. c 2. a 3. a 4. c 5. a 6. b 7. b 8. a 9. c 10. d
11. b 12. d 13. d 14. b 15. d 16. c 17. b 18. d 19. a 20. d
21. d 22. d 23. d 24. a 25. b 26. b 27. d 28. a 29. d 30. c
31. a 32. a 33. a 34. b 35. d 36. a 37. a 38. c 39. c 40. a
person who is famous and respected in a particular field.

1. (c) Dads’ in option (a) is wrong. Option (b) has wrong its. Hence option A.
Option (d) has cant without an apostrophe 17. The correct answer is (b) Anguish means severe mental
2. The correct answer is (a) Ambiguity means lack of clarity. or physical pain or suffering.
Lucidity is the right answer as it means clarity. 18. The correct answer is (d) Breath and breather are nouns.
3. The correct answer is (a) Ecstasy is overwhelming joy or Breather refers to a person or an animal who breathes in
happiness. Amenable means easily persuaded. Lucidity a particular way. Breathe is a verb. breathing is a gerund
means clarity. Anguish is the right answer as it means which can be used as an adjective to qualify the noun
severe pain or suffering. 'problems' in the given sentence.
4. The correct answer is (c) Flagrant is conspicuously 19. The passage is primarily concerned with telling us about
offensive. Scandalous is the right answer as it means Article 32. It does talk about the Supreme Court and
offensive in a shocking way. Fuming is showing great Fundamental Rights, but the primary emphasis is on
anger. Article 32. Hence, option (a) is the correct choice.
5. The correct answer is (a) Penchant means liking. 20. Refer to the following line in the second paragraph.
6. The correct answer is (b) Kaiser, derived from the Roman “Moreover, only the questions pertaining to the
word Ceasar (a title used for Roman emperors), is a Fundamental Rights can be determined in proceedings
German word for Emperor. against Article 32”. Hence, option (d) is incorrect. All
7. (b) Audience go for watching drama as spectators go for other options can be deduced from the passage.
game. 21. Statements A and B are mentioned in the passage. It is
8. (a) A building can have many storey’s, so as a book can mentioned that Article 32 refers to the “Constitutional
have many chapters. Remedy” for the enforcement of the Fundamental Rights
9. (c) ‘Ardour’ means ‘warmth of affection’, while others and is in itself a Fundamental Right. Hence, option (d) is
‘detest’ means ‘dislike’, ‘abhor’. correct.
10. (d) ‘Rational’ means ‘judicious’. Rest means 22. The author has stated various facts and figures in a
unreasonably enthusiastic for something. factual/objective tone. He neither expresses his opinions
11. (b) Removal of shoes brought relief. In a disaster, a relief nor analyzes the issue. Thus option (d) is the correct
is a necessity for a victim. Playing cards gives a diversion choice.
and relief from work. The sentry got relief after shift 23. ‘Violation’ means a failure to uphold the requirements of
change. law, duty, or obligation. Thus, ‘violation’ is the correct
12. (d) Option (d) is right because ‘passed round’ means word.
‘distributed’. Option (a) ‘passed over’ means ‘omitted, 24. A question on parallelism. Two ‘actions’ are being
ignored or disregarded’. Option (b) ‘passed out’ means described in the underlined part of the sentence. and both
‘became unconscious’ or ‘completed one’s training as a the ‘actions’ must be in the same form.
cadet’. Option (c) ‘gave round’ is not a right phrase at all. 25. The only problem with the original sentence is its
13. (d) Trade deficit “will balance out” not (always) structure. ‘cells of the militants’ should be replaced with
“balances out” ‘the militants cells’. Moreover, the use of the modifier
14. the correct answer is (b) ‘only’ at the appropriate place can make the sentence
15. The correct answer is (d) correct. Option 3 changes the meaning of the sentence,
16. The correct answer is (c) (i)Confident is an adjective and hence it is eliminated.
which means to show certainty. Confidante is 26. The correct answer is (b) Nimble means agile, quick and
someone you can confide in. Hence option D skillful. Adroit is skillful or clever. Nippy is a synonym
(ii) custom as an adjective which means made on order of nimble. Dexterous is skillful. A Patrician is a
while Customary is an adjective which means nobleman.
established according to common practice. Hence 27. The correct answer is (d) Titular means holding a formal
option C position without any real authority. Nominal, official
(iii) illegible means not clear enough to be read. Eligible and putative are synonyms of Titular. Putative means
means satisfying appropriate conditions or 'commonly accepted to be'. Causative means acting as a
parameters. Hence option B. cause.
(iv) imminent is an adjective meaning something that is 28. The correct answer is (a) Self Explanatory.
about to happen. Eminent is an adjective used for a 29. (d) 1D, AB and C6 form the key. D must follow 1 as it
continues the passage, talking about “publicity and

LE Prep Assist
propaganda are as… no change to succeed in life. “A Sentence B: The indefinite pronoun “one” should be used
must follow D as it provides a base for the example to throughout, if used at all. The correct sentence is: One
follow. B must follow A as it provides a base for the cannot be too careful of one’s good name.
example to Shaw… attained the fame he deserved. “C Sentence C: A semicolon is used to separate a series of
should follow B and also precede 6 as it mentions that loosely related clauses. The correct sentence is: Today we
“He posed to be... Literary world about himself. “This love what tomorrow we hate; today we seek what
would allow 6 to close the passage. Thus, DABC is the tomorrow we shun; today we desire what tomorrow
right sequence. Hence, option (4) is the correct option. wefear.
30. (c) The only incorrect usage is in option (3). The correct Sentence D: No error.
usage is “she sighed as she laid the visitors’ book beside 36. Sentence A: No error. Sentence B: No error.
the pen and lay back wondering if she would ever make Sentence C: When the plural noun is a proper name for
an entry in it again.” some single object or some collective unit, it must be
31. (a) The only incorrect usage is in option (1). The correct followed by a singular verb. The correct sentence is: The
usage is “some people cannot adapt to new United States has a big navy.
surroundings. Sentence D: No error.
32. (a) Although means deep, difficult to understand. 37. (a) ED, DC and BA are the keys. Passage must begin with
Lengthy has no connection to it at all whereas all others E which introduces a company “that’s not even as large
are the suggestive meanings. as the ad budget of Hindustan lever Ltd. (HLL). “A, B, C
33. (a) Incisive is the one who has clear thought, a deep and and D only advance the argument initiated by E; none of
good understanding., whereas obtuse is a dullard, a thick them can begin the passage. D should obviously follow E
head. with its “But” telling that the company, i.e. Amway
34. (b) At first reading, there may appear to be more than one Indian’s CEO “gets to sleep a lot easier” than the lever
answer choice that “makes sense” when substituted in chief.” C should follow D with “Not that one is eating the
the blanks of the sentence. (1), (2), and (4) can be other’s lunch….” B should follow C with the observation
dismissed fairly readily when it is seen that accepted, that business is about growth. A should Follow B and
tentative, and protected are not compatible with overly conclude the passage taking the comparison between the
bold in the sentence. Are not recalled (5), and fledgling two companies ahead. Thus. EDCBA is the right
(2) reflects the idea of growth present in the sentence. sequence. Hence, Option (1) is the correct option.
35. Sentence A: A comma is necessary if the sentence is 38. The correct answer is (c)
unclear or the meaning changes without it. The correct 39. The correct answer is (c)
sentence is: After he ate, the monkey mimicked him 40. Sentence ‘B’ sets the tone of the passage. ‘A’ and ‘C’
through the glass. describe the scene while D is a comment on it.

Answer Key & Explanations (CAPS)
LE Prep Assist
1. c 2. a 3. d 4. d 5. b 6. a 7. b 8. b 9. a 10. d
11. c 12. a 13. b 14. d 15. c 16. b 17. a 18. c 19. d 20. b
21. b 22. d 23. a 24. a 25. c 26. d 27. b 28. b 29. c 30. b
31. d 32. a 33. c 34. b 35. c 36. b 37. d 38. a 39. c 40. b
41. a 42. c 43. d 44. b 45. c 46. b 47. c 48. d 49. a 50. b
51. b 52. d 53. b 54. a 55. b 56. b 57. a 58. b 59. c 60. a
61. b 62. d 63. a 64. a 65. d 66. c 67. d 68. a 69. b 70. c
71. c 72. b 73. c 74. c 75. a 76. b 77. a 78. d 79. c 80. b
81. c 82. a 83. d 84. c 85. a 86. a 87. b 88. c 89. b 90. a
91. d 92. c 93. a 94. b 95. c 96. a 97. d 98. c 99. b 100. b
101. d 102. c 103. c 104. a 105. a 106. a 107. b 108. b 109. c 110. c
111. a 112. c 113. c 114. c 115. c 116. b 117. a 118. d 119. a 120. c
121. a 122. d 123. b 124. b 125. a 126. d 127. a 128. b 129. b 130. d
131. c 132. c 133. b 134. c 135. b 136. c 137. a 138. b 139. a 140. d
141. d 142. c 143. b 144. c 145. b 146. d 147. c 148. b 149. a 150. d
151. d 152. d 153. c 154. b 155. b 156. d 157. a 158. d 159. d 160. d
161. a 162. d 163. b 164. d 165. c 166. d 167. d 168. b 169. d 170. b
171. a 172. c 173. a 174. c 175. c 176. b 177. d 178. d 179. d 180. b
181. a 182. d 183. a 184. a 185. b 186. d 187. c 188. b 189. a 190. d
191. b 192. b 193. b 194. d 195. d 196. d 197. c 198. a 199. d 200. d
1. Defence Minister Smt Nirmala Sitharaman inaugurated of 1% without ITC on affordable housing properties. The
the 12th biennial edition of International Aerospace and new rate will come into force from 1st of April, 2019.
Defence Exhibition, the Aero India 2019 on 24th February 6. Minister of State for Health and Family Welfare, Ashwini
2019 at the Air Force Station Yelahanka in Bengaluru.The Kumar Choubey in the presence of Amitabh Bachchan,
event was organized by the Defence Ministry of India, the goodwill ambassador for hepatitis, WHO South-East
Defence Research and Development Organisation Asia Region, launched the “National Action Plan – Viral
(DRDO), Indian Air Force, Department of Space and the Hepatitis” in Mumbai. Recognized as an important
Union Civil Aviation Ministry. public health problem across the world Viral Hepatitis
2. Indian badminton player and Olympic silver-medallist has caused 1.34 million deaths globally in 2015 according
PV Sindhu co-piloted the indigenously made combat to World Health Organisation (WHO).
fighter jet “Tejas”at the Aero India 2019 as part of the 7. On February 21 2019, Prime Minister Narendra Modi
Women’s Day observed at the air show, becoming the embarked on a 2-day visit to South Korea or Republic of
first ever woman to co-pilot Tejas. The Women’s Day Korea(ROK) on the invitation of President Moon Jae-
showcased women’s achievements in the aerospace in.This was his 2nd Visit to South Korea,Previously he
sector, and an all-women crew flew Dornier and Avro visited South Korea in the year 2015 .
aircraft and participated in panel discussions. 3 women 8. Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi, unveiled a bust of
Indian Air Force (IAF) fighter pilots also flew the Hawk- Mahatma Gandhi at Yonsei University in Seoul.
I advanced jet trainer of BAE Systems (England) and an 9. The Passport Index of 2019, which ranks almost 199
upgraded version of the Russian-made MiG-21. countries in the world based on their Visa-Free Scores
3. Defence Minister Smt Nirmala Sitharaman inaugurated and their ranking according to the UNDP human
the 12th biennial edition of International Aerospace and development index, showed that Indian passport has
Defence Exhibition, the Aero India 2019 on 24th February steadily strengthened in a period of 5 years from rank 77
2019 at the Air Force Station Yelahanka in Bengaluru.The in 2015 to 67 in 2019.25 countries allow visa-free entry to
event was organized by the Defence Ministry of India, Indian passport holders, whereas 39 countries offer visa-
Defence Research and Development Organisation on-arrival.The Tourism Ministry for India is also offering
(DRDO), Indian Air Force, Department of Space and the e-tourist visa facilities to 166 countries, by making several
Union Civil Aviation Ministry.The theme of the event amendments in the e-visa regime of the country in order
was “‘Runway to a Billion Opportunities”. to make this process more tourist friendly.
4. Union Finance Minister, Shri Arun Jaitley, chaired the 10. Prime Minister Narendra Modi was conferred with Seoul
33rd Goods & Services Tax (GST) Council held in New peace prize in the 14th Edition of Seoul Peace Prize
Delhi which was attended by the Finance Ministers of Ceremony. Prime Minister Narendra Modi paid tribute
various States and Union Territories. to fallen soldiers at the National Cemetery, including
5. GST shall be levied at effective GST rate of 5% without those who died in the Korean War.PM gifts a Bodhi tree
Input Tax Credit (ITC) on residential properties outside sapling to Mayor of Gimhae Heo Seong gon as a mark of
affordable segment. GST shall be levied at effective GST close ties between the South Korea and India.

LE Prep Assist
11. The Government of India released a new 41-page draft eternal flame and six bronze murals depicting famous
National E-Commerce Policy that provides setting up a battles fought by Indian Army, Indian Air Force and
legal and technological framework for restrictions on Indian Navy. Busts of the 21 awardees of Param Veer
cross-border data flow and also laid out conditions for Chakra have been installed at Param Yoddha Sthal.PM
businesses regarding collection or processing of sensitive Modi lighted the eternal flame at the central obelisk in
data locally and storing it abroad.Title of draft e- the war memorial complex.Spread over 40 acres, the
commerce policy is “Draft National e-Commerce outlay of the memorial is Rs 176 crore and its design was
PolicyIndia’s Data for India’s Development”.It has been selected through a global competition.It has been
released by Department for Promotion of Industry and constructed by NCC (Nagarjuna Construction Company)
Internal Trade (DPIIT). Limited.
12. The 91st Academy Awards (commonly known as 22. The Central Information Commission (CIC) has
Oscars), presented by the Academy of Motion Picture announced that an electronic voting machine (EVM) is
Arts and Sciences (AMPAS), honored the best films of “information” under the Right to Information Act and it
2018, on February 24, 2019, at the Dolby Theatre in can be demanded by a citizen from the Election
Hollywood, Los Angeles, California. Commission (EC) by paying Rs. 10.The decision has been
13. Bohemian Rhapsody won the most awards in total with taken by Sudhir Bhargava- Chief Information
4, while Roma, Green Book, and Black Panther won 3 Commissioner (CIC) on the lines of appeal filed by
awards each.The film won in following categories, Razaak K Haidar, who had sought an EVM from the
14. ”Black Panther” became the first superhero film to win Election Commission but his application was rejected
“Best Original Score”. Hannah Beachler and Jay Hart stating that, EVMs held by it does not come under the
became the first African-Americans to win Oscar in definition of “information” thus, these are not saleable to
Product Design category for Black Panther. general public.After the rejection, Razaak approached
15. India-set short film, “Period. End of Sentence.”, a short CIC with the argument that as per Section 2(f) and 2(i) of
documentary film based on menstruation won the Oscar the RTI Act, the definition of “information” and “record”
for “Best Documentary Short” category. It is directed by also includes “any model or any sample held by a public
Iranian-American film director, Rayka Zehtabchi. authority”.
16. Self Explanatory. 23. Theme-“Beyond Politics: Defining National
17. A Team of Scientists from Harvard-Smithsonian Centre Priorities”Prime Minister Narendra Modi addressed
for Astrophysics had discovered a exo planet named ‘hot News18 Rising India Summit held in New Delhi and laid
Earth’ that orbit’s its dwarf star in eleven hours by using out his vision for a ‘New India‘. He was the Chief Guest
the data of NASA’s planet-hunting satellite Transiting of the event.The summit was hosted by Network 18
Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). Exoplanet ‘hot Earth’ group in collaboration with Ebix Inc. as a presenting
is rocky in composition and only about fifty light-years partner. It was powered by Yono SBI. The theme of the
away from its star.The planet has a radius of about 1.3 summit was, “Beyond Politics: Defining National
Earth-radii. Priorities”.
18. Monkey’s are declared as vermin by the Himachal 24. On 24th February 2019, Afghanistan began exporting to
Pradesh government again,in 11 districts,91 tehsils and India through the Chabahar port in Iran, for the first time
sub-tehsils for the next one year.Previously,monkeys by bypassing the Pakistan route. The first consignment
were declared as vermin in 38 tehsils and sub-tehsils of was inaugurated by Afghan President Ashraf Ghani. It
10 districts in the year 2016 and which was further comprised of 23 trucks carrying 57 tonnes of dried fruits,
extended to next year on December 20, 2017. textiles, carpets and mineral products.
19. Sri Lanka cricket team became the first Asian side to win 25. For the first time in 5 years, Indian traders will export
a Test series in South Africa after winning the series by 8 raw sugar to Iran. It’ll be exported in March and April.
wickets with a score of 2-0 at Port Elizabeth. This was Sri The delivery is happening after so many years owing to
Lanka’s sixth series in South Africa and their first win. Iran’s struggles to secure food supplies due to sanctions
Kusal Perera of Srilanka was given the Man of the Series imposed by the United States.The sanctions state that
award.Before Sri Lanka, only Australia and England Iran isn’t permitted to be a part of the global financial
have defeated South Africa in a Test series at home. system and can’t use US dollars for payments involving
20. Afghanistan cricket team’s leg spinner, Rashid Khan, its oil sales.Trading houses have contracted to export
became the first bowler to take out 4 wickets in 4 balls in 1,50,000 tonnes of raw sugar for shipments arriving in
Twenty20 Internationals (T20Is) during the third and March and April at $305 to $310 per tonne on a free-on-
final T20I against Ireland in Dehradun.He also became board basis.
the seventh bowler to pick up a hat-trick in 26. President Ram Nath Kovind presented the “Gandhi
T20Is.Afghanistan won T20I series by a margin of 3-0 Peace Prize” for the years 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018 at
against Ireland. Rashtrapati Bhawan in New Delhi, in the presence of
21. Prime Minister Narendra Modi dedicated to the nation Prime Minister Narendra Modi.Gandhi Peace Prize for
the National War Memorial(NWM) near India Gate in Social, Economic and Political transformation through
New Delhi which commemorates the soldiers who Non-violence was instituted in the year 1995 and
participated and made the supreme sacrifice in comprises of an amount of Rs 1 crore along with a
Peacekeeping Missions and Counter Insurgency citation.The following are the awardees:
Operations.The complex includes a central obelisk, an • 2015 – Vivekanand Kendra, Kanyakumari

LE Prep Assist
• 2016 – Akshaya Patra Foundation and Sulabh against Puducherry. He was playing for Uttar
International (jointly) Pradesh.He has scored 8001 runs in 300 Twenty20s at an
• 2017 – Ekal Abhiyan Trust average of 33.47 and notched 4 centuries and 48 fifties in
• 2018 – Yohei Sasakawa the shortest format. MS Dhoni is the only other Indian to
27. Former CEO of Pepsico Indra Nooyi has joined have played 300 T20s so far.He has scored the 6th most
Amazon‘s Board of Directors. With her appointment, runs in T20s after Chris Gayle (12298 runs), Brendon
Amazon’s 11-member board now has five women, McCullum (9922), Kieron Pollard (8838 runs), Shoaib
including Nooyi, Brewer, Jamie Gorelick, Judith Malik (8603 runs) and David Warner (8111 runs).
McGrath and Patricia Stonesifer.She has been granted 33. Bihar has become the first state to deploy specially-
549 shares of common company stock. trained dogs to check smuggling of liquor which
28. India successfully test fired the short range Quick continues to take place inspite of total ban imposed in the
Reaction Surface-to-Air Missile (QRSAM), developed by state for the last 3 years. 20 liquor-tracker dogs were
the Defence Research and Development Organisation trained rigorously for nine months in Hyderabad,
(DRDO) for the Indian Army, from a test range along the Telangana.They were trained at Hyderabad-based
coast at Chandipur in Balasore district, Odisha.It is a Integrated Intelligence Training Academy.
sleek and highly mobile air defence system with a strike 34. Thailand and the United States hosted the annual Cobra
range of 25 km to 30 km and has a capability of engaging Gold military exercise, the biggest activity of its type in
multiple targets.It is different from normal air defence the Asia-Pacific region with 29 nations taking part as
system, as this is an all-weather, all-terrain missile with participants or observers. Apart from the 2 countries, 7
electronic counter measures against jamming by aircraft countries who participated in the exercise were
radars.It was first tested in June 2017 and followed by the India,Singapore, Japan, China, Indonesia, Malaysia and
second successful test in July 2017.It will replace the South Korea.The Indian Army participated in the
‘Akash’ missile defence system which is on its way out military training exercise with a 14-member
due to technological obsolescence. contingent.Thai Chief of Defense Forces,Gen. Pornpipat
29. Tejas Networks today launched its broadband access Benyasri and the commander of the U.S. Army First
product which provides both wireline as well as wireless Corps, Lt Gen. Gary J. Volesky, representing the U.S.
broadband services from a single integrated platform.It Indo-Pacific Command attended the opening ceremony.
was launched by Mr. Anshu Prakash, Additional 35. A month-long ‘Festival of India’ began was inaugurated
Secretary, Department of Telecom, Government of India in Kathmandu, Nepal on 19th February 2019 by Minister
at the Mobile World Congress (MWC), Barcelona.The for Culture, Tourism and Civil Aviation Rabindra
TJ1400 integrates multiple broadband access Adhikari and Indian Ambassador to Nepal Manjeev
technologies: gigabit fiber broadband (GPON/NG- Singh Puri. It is being organised by the Swami
PON), fixed wireless broadband (4G/LTE eNodeB Vivekananda Cultural Centre, Embassy of India. The
upgradable to 5G) and GE/10GE/100GE Business festival aims at making the youth aware about the
Ethernet services (CE2.0 certified) in highly compact, similarities between Nepal and India.
modular and energy-efficient platforms. 36. The Reserve Bank of India (RBI)and the Bank of Japan
30. Grandmaster Abhijeet Gupta won the Cannes formalised the USD 75- billion swap agreement, which
International Open held in Cannes,France.After taking would act as a cushion against any sharp swings in the
an easy draw with Pier Luigi Basso of Italy in the ninth local currency whenever the international financial
and final round.He won the tournament with 7.5 points, markets turn volatile.It will enable the availability of
a clear point lead over nearest rivals Nikita Maiorov of USD 75-billion in foreign capital for use as and when the
Belarus, Nasuta Grzegorz of Poland and Yuri need arises, bringing greater stability to the foreign
Solodovnichecko of Ukraine.He registered 6 wins and 3 exchange and capital markets in India and serve as a
draws at the chess tournament. second line of defence as India has about USD 398 billion
31. Afghanistan created history against Ireland in their foreign exchange reserves to cushion sudden dollar
second Twenty20 International at the Rajiv Gandhi outflows.The proposal for entering into an agreement for
International Cricket Stadium in Dehradun, the bilateral swap arrangement was approved by the
Uttarakhand, by scoring 278 runs for the loss of 3 wickets Union Cabinet in January 2019.
from their allotted 20 overs, to register the highest-ever 37. World Bank, United Nations Entity for Gender Equality
total in T20s.They broke Australia’s record score of 263/3 and the Empowerment of Women(UN Women), and
which they achieved back in 2016 against Sri Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI)
Lanka.Hazratullah Zazai became the first player from launched new social impact bonds exclusively for
Afghanistan to score 162 not out from 62 ball, and his 236- women, called Women’s Livelihood Bonds (WLBs), with
run opening stand with Usman Ghani, who made 73 runs an initial corpus of Rs 300 crore.
from 48 balls – including 7 fours and 3 sixes, became the 38. Jio Saavn– an India-based global audio and music that it
highest partnership in T20Is. They broke the 223-run scored the 1st rank among Indian companies and 28th
partnership record between Australia’s Aaron Finch and rank globally in the 2019 list of “50 Most Innovative
Darcy Short. Companies”. Jio Saavn is the only Indian company to
32. Indian batsman Suresh Raina became the first Indian to have made into the list.The other domestic companies
score 8000 runs in T20 cricket after scoring just 12 runs in that ranked top on the India list of “Most Innovative
the Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy match in New Delhi Companies” are OYO rooms, biodegradable sanitary pad

LE Prep Assist
manufacturers Sathi and app based can service Ola.In governmentto ensure the entry of all participants in such
accordance with the list published by US-based business events in full compliance with the rules of the Olympic
publication Fast Company. Charter.
39. Oil and Natural Gas Corporation(ONGC)’s 44. Central Excise day is observed annually on 24th February
Rajahmundry unit won the Energy and Environment in India. Various programs and seminars were organized
Foundation Global Clean Awards-2019 for sustained New Delhi and other states.Numerous programs were
efforts in pursuit of Swachh Bharat Mission as envisioned conducted to spread awareness among the buyers and
by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, at a function in New the sellers regarding the new excise rules and regulations
Delhi.It has also received Platinum Award under Apex for easy implementation and maximum benefit.The day
India Environment Excellence Award 2018 from Apex commemorates the establishment of the Central Excise
India Foundation for excellence in environmental and Salt Act on 24 February 1944.
management in Petroleum Sector. 45. Saudi Arabia signed the framework agreement of the
40. Harmanpreet Singh was awarded the 2018 Player of the International Solar Alliance (ISA) and became the 73rd
Year award while women’s team striker Lalremsiami as country to join the India-led renewable energy
the Rising Player of The Year,by the Asian Hockey organisation which now has a total of 122 members.
Federation. Harmanpreet Singh led the Indian team to an 46. Saudi Crown Prince, Mohammed bin Salman, ordered
unbeaten streak at the Asian Champions Trophy in the release of 850 Indian prisoners lodged in jails in his
Muscat where the team was declared joint winners with country on the request of Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
Pakistan and also contributed to the team’s silver medal 47. “The Future of Indian Banking” conference was co-
win at the FIH Champions Trophy in Breda.18-year-old hosted by NITI Aayog along with the Foundation for
Lalremsiami, has shown remarkable progress in the Economic Growth and Welfare (EGROW Foundation) on
women’s team with her impressive performance as a February 22, 2019 at the Civil Services Officers’ Institute
striker at the 2018 World Cup and the Asian Games (CSOI), New Delhi. Dr. Rajiv Kumar, Vice Chairman,
where the team won Silver medal and was also a part of NITI Aayog, inaugurated the event.It was aimed to
the Youth Olympics in Buenos Aires where the under-18 increase and elevate the discourse on the banking sector
team won a silver.The Indian men’s team was awarded in India, and help develop insights to inform the
the Best Performance of The Year for being the only continued evolution of the Indian banking sector for
Asian side to have reached the top eight at the World Cup optimally supporting the growing credit needs of the
in Bhubaneswar. Indian economy.The progress made by the Indian
41. Brijbhushan Sharan Singh was elected as the President of banking system in the past 4 years that provided a strong
the Wrestling Federation of India (WFI) for a third foundation for a long runway for expanding credit and
time.Along with him, other office bearers were also supporting accelerating growth of India’s economy, was
elected and they will serve WFI for a 3-year term. highlighted by Dr. Rajiv Kumar, and he indicated that
Returning Officer, Justice R. B.Misra, a retired judge of there was still a lot of work to be done in improving the
the Himachal Pradesh High Court conducted the financial system and furthering reforms in the financial
elections. sector.Chief Economic Advisor (CEA) Krishnamurthy
42. On 23rd February 2019, the governor of Gezira state, Subramanian suggested taking forward the P J Nayak
Mohamed Tahir Ayala was appointed as Sudan’s Prime committee’s recommendations on governance reforms in
Minister. Sudan’s Defence Minister Awad Mohamed Public Sector Banks (PSBs) and said that the risk in the
Ahmed Ibn Auf was appointed as first vice president sector would persist until these reforms were
while remaining in his defence post.Sudanese President institutionalised.
Omar al-Bashir declared a one-year nationwide state of 48. Saudi Crown Prince, Mohammed bin Salman also
emergency on Friday and set up a caretaker announced the increase in quota for Indian Haj pilgrims
administration but retained his defence, foreign and from 1.75 lakh to 2 lakh at the request of PM Modi. 2,340
justice ministers. Muslim women will go to Hajj this year, without mehram
43. The International Olympic Committee (IOC) suspended (companion) and without the lottery system. This will be
all Indian applications to host future events and urged the third such increase in the last 5 years.
international sports federations not to stage competitions 49. India and Saudi Arabia decided to hold “joint naval
in the country after two Pakistanis were denied visas to exercises” and agreed to constitute a ‘Comprehensive
compete in New Delhi. It was after India denied visa Security Dialogue’ at the level of National Security
requests of two shooters from Pakistan who were due to Advisers (NSAs), and set up a joint working group on
take part in the25m Rapid Fire Pistol Competition during counter-terrorism.Noting the potential and mutual
International Shooting Sport Federation (ISSF) World benefit, the two sides agreed to cooperate and collaborate
Cup event held in New Delhi following the attack by a in joint defence production of spare parts for naval and
Pakistan-based militant group in Pulwama, which killed land systems, as well as supply chain development, in
at least 40 CRPF paramilitary police.The IOC Executive line with ‘Make in India’ and ‘Vision 2030’.
Board decided to suspend all discussions with the Indian 50. Union textiles minister Smriti Irani,during her 2-day visit
National Olympic Committee (NOC) and Government to the North-East, launched the Integrated Large Scale
regarding the potential applications for hosting future Eri Farming under North East Region Textile Promotion
sports and Olympic–related events in India, until clear Scheme (NERTPS) in Itanagar, Arunachal Pradesh and
written guarantees are obtained from the Indian will cover about one thousand acres land for Eri Farming

LE Prep Assist
in the chosen districts of the state.5 districts of the companies have been categorised as NBFC- investment
state,namely,Papumpare, East Kameng, Siang, East and credit companies (NBFC-ICCs). A deposit taking
Siang and West Siang, will be covered by the project NBFC-ICC will be required to make an investment of an
initially.The cost of project is Rs 37.25cr with GoI share of amount less than twenty per cent of its owned fund, in
Rs 35.65cr. Government has decided to provide financial unquoted shares of another company which is not a
assistance to 4000 beneficiaries under NERTPS and skill subsidiary company or a company in the same group of
training will be imparted to eri silk farmers and weavers the NBFC.
under the Samarth Scheme. 57. HAL (Hindustan Aeronautics Limited) has signed a
51. Tamil Nadu Governor Banwarilal Purohit inaugurated contract with Thales, a French aerospace and defence
the second Coast Guard district headquarters at company,for supplying “135 2.75-inch (70-mm) rocket
Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu. Tamil Nadu is the first state launchers, to improve the tactical capabilities of the
in India to get a second Coast Guard district Indian armed forces.The contract states that each of the
headquarters. The first district headquarters is Chennai. Indian Army and Air Force’s multi-role attack
The second headquarters have been set up to deal with helicopters (18Advanced Light Helicopters and 15 Light
frequent issues faced by fishermen and provide anti- Combat Helicopters) will equipped with four 2.75-inch
poaching operations, search and rescue missions and (70-mm) 12-tube rocket launchers. These rocket
coastal security measures.Both coast guard will function launchers can be used on both light and combat
under Commander Coast Guard Region (East).The area helicopters.These rocket launchers are manufactured
of operations will include about 680 km of the coastline using a composite material which makes them 50 per cent
along districts of Pudukottai, Thanjavur, lighter than metal launchers and reduces the possibility
Ramanathapuram, Thoothukudi, Tirunelveli and of corrosion.
Kanyakumari. 58. Self Explanatory.
52. On the lines of Pulwama terror attack, Union Minister 59. Explanation: Self Explanatory.
Nitin Gadkari announced that India has decided to stop 60. Australia’s wicketkeeper Alyssa Healy set a new
the flow of its share of water to Pakistan.In this regard, Guinness World Record after achieving the feat for the
Centre is planning to build projects on 3 rivers flowing ‘highest catch of a cricket ball’ at the Melbourne Cricket
into Pakistan, to divert water towards Yamuna.The water Ground(MCG). She caught a ball which was dropped
will be diverted from the eastern rivers and supplied it to from a drone,80 metres above the cricket ground.The
Indians in Jammu and Kashmir andPunjab.Under the record was previously set by the England’s Kristan
Indus Waters Treaty, India shares water of the Beas and Baumgartner with a catch from 62 metres and before her,
Sutlej rivers with Pakistan. former England captain,Nasser Hussain held it with 49
53. Iran announced that it will be launching a 3-day annual metres.The record attempt was part of the campaign
navy drill named “Velayat 97” in the Gulf and the Indian carried out by the International Cricket Council (ICC)
Ocean, including a sensitive global shipping route, with and Cricket Australia in collaboration, to set the highest
an aim to evaluate the equipment of the navy, practice attendance figure for a women’s sporting fixture during
launching weapons and enable the troops to gain the final of the ICC Women’s T20 World Cup 2020, which
readiness in battle.It will be held in the waters of Strait of will be held on 8th March, 2020 at MCG,coinciding with
Hormuz, Makran coast, Oman Sea and the north of the International Women’s Day.
Indian ocean and will cover an area of 2 million square 61. Argentina became the 72nd country to sign the
kilometres.It will showcase Iran’s submarines, warships, Framework Agreement of the International Solar
helicopters and drones and will also include missile Alliance (ISA). The agreement was signed by Argentina’s
launches from the vessels. Foreign Minister Jorge Faurie in the presence of ISA’s
54. On 22nd February 2019, a state of emergency was Director-General Upendra Tripathy. Argentina’s
declared in Sudan by its President Omar al-Bashir. The President Mauricio Macri, accompanied by senior
government was dissolved at both the cabinet and local government officials and a business delegation, arrived
levels.It was due to continuous protests by the general in New Delhi on 17th February 2019 for a three-day India
public since 19 December who were furious by the visit, during which he held talks with Prime Minister
mismanagement of the nation’s economy and wanted the Narendra Modi to enhance cooperation in key sectors
leader to step down.He has appointed 16 army officers such as economy, nuclear technology and space.
and two security officers as new governors for the 18 62. Union Minister of Commerce & Industry and Civil
provinces of the country. Aviation, Suresh Prabhu,addressing the India-Argentina
55. India will, for the first time, attend a meeting of foreign Business Forum in New Delhi said that India wants to
ministers of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation in partner with Argentina in its efforts to become a USD 5
the UAE.The OIC is a 57-member grouping of Muslim trillion economy by 2025.The Commerce & Industry
majority nations Ministry has identified 12 champion sectors to enhance
56. On 22nd February 2019, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), the contribution of services sector to USD 3 trillion and
in accordance with an announcement made during the he urged Invest India to create special dispensation for
last bi-monthly policy, decided to create a single category Argentina.He said that both countries recognize need to
for the NBFCs (non-banking financial companies) by upgrade bilateral trade and economic relations to a
bundling their present three-tier structure. In this regard, higher level by utilizing the untapped potential available
asset finance companies, loan companies and investment to both nations.

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63. On 21st February 2019, President Ram Nath Kovind gave Nsengimana and Fernanda Abra along with Divya
his assent to the amendments to the Indian Stamp Act, Karnad.
1899,which were introduced in the Parliament as part of 68. Israel’s first moon lander, the 585 kg “Beresheet”
the Finance Act 2019. These amendments have been (“Genesis” in Hebrew), was launched atop a Falcon
introduced to regularise the system of levying stamp 9rocket from the private US-based SpaceX in Florida,
duty and to help in curbing tax evasion.For the stamp United States.At a cost of USD 100 million, it is the
duty rates, the duties levied by Maharashtra will be taken lowest-budget spacecraft to ever undertake such a
as a benchmark as the state accounts for 70% of the total mission. It is part of renewed global interest in the Moon,
collection. They propose creation of a legal and sometimes called the “Eighth Continent” of the
institutional mechanism which will enable states to Earth.The project is funded almost entirely by donations
collect stamp duty on securities market instruments at making it the first privately backed lunar lander
one place by one agency(through the Stock Exchanges or mission.It was notably financed by businessman and
Clearing Corporations authorised by the stock exchange philanthropist Morris Kahn. Other partners include
or by the Depositories).They also propose a mechanism Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI), Israel’s space agency
for appropriate sharing of the stamp duty with relevant and Israel’s Ministry of Science and
state governments on the basis of state of domicile of the Technology.Beresheet carries a “time capsule” loaded
buying client.There’s also a proposal to create a with digital files containing a Bible, children’s drawings,
Coordination Council under Article 263 of the Indian Israeli songs, memories of a Holocaust survivor and the
Constitution by a separate order/notification of the blue-and-white Israeli flag.Landing is the main mission,
President of India for the enactment of the Act. but the spacecraft also carries a scientific instrument to
64. Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister, Yogi Adityanath launched measure the lunar magnetic field, which will help
a scheme for adolescent girls aged between 11 to 14 years, understanding of the Moon’s formation.It is estimated it
who have left their education and will take steps to will land on 11 April after a 4m-mile (6.5m-km)
provide them proper nutrition and special care.UP journey.With this, Israel became the 4th country after
Government decided to observe 8th of every month as Russia, USA and China to carry out a 384,000km journey
Adolescent Girls Day, at Anganwadi Centres across the and land a spacecraft on the Moon.
state, and Nutrition Campaigns will be organized for 69. The northeastern states Mizoram and Arunachal Pradesh
these girls on that day. observed their Statehood Day with numerous cultural
65. Smt. Sushma Swaraj visited Bulgaria from 16th to 17th events and sports meets on February 20,2019.It is 32nd
February 2019. This was a follow-up visit to the State visit and 47th Statehood Day of Mizoram and Arunachal
of the President Ram Nath Kovind to Bulgaria in Pradesh respectively.
September 2018 and the first ever visit of an Indian 70. The Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Marriage)
External Affairs Minister to Bulgaria. During the visit, Second Ordinance, 2019 The aim is to give continued
she met with the Deputy Prime Minister & Foreign effect to the provisions brought in by the Muslim
Minister of the Republic of Bulgaria, Ekaterina Women (Protection of Rights on Marriage) Ordinance,
Zakharieva and discussed bilateral, regional and global 2019, which declares the practice of triple talaq to be
issues of mutual interest. She paid floral tribute at the void and illegal, punishable with up to 3 years
statue of Mahatma Gandhi at the South Park in Sofia, imprisonment and fine. It will protect the rights of
which was unveiled last year by President of India along married Muslim women and minimize the practice of
with President of Bulgaria to mark the celebrations of divorce by triple talaq (talaq -e -biddat).It also provides
150th birth anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi. She also for payment of subsistence allowance and custody of
interacted with the Indian community and Friends of minor children.
India in Sofia during the visit. 71. 7 Islands have been identified for Seaplane Operation:
66. On 20th February 2019, an MoU (Memorandum of 4 islands in Andaman & Nicobar – Swaraj Dweep,
Understanding) was signed between IIFL Home Finance Shaheed Dweep, Hutbay and Long.
and the Maharashtra government for building affordable 3 islands in Lakshadweep – Kavaratti, Agatti and
houses through credit-linked subsidy scheme (CLSS) Minicoy.
under Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY). Through CRZ clearance has been accorded for ‘Middle Strait
this MoU, the Housing Department of Maharashtra will Bridge’ on Andaman Trunk Road.10 Deep-Sea Modern
provide permissions and enable IIFL Home Finance (IIFL Fishing Vessels are being procured by Lakshadweep
HFL) to spread awareness among customers about the Administration from Cochin Shipyard Limited for
benefits of PMAY through presentations, counselling, sustainably utilizing the potential of Tuna Fish. Export of
calls and messages. sea food and coconut products is also encouraged to
67. 33-year-old Ashoka University teacher and Wipro generate more employment opportunities in the islands.
Sustainable Fellow, Divya Karnad became the First 72. The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate
Indian Woman to be honoured with the “Global Future Change (MoEFCC) signed a Memorandum of
of Nature Award” for her work on marine Understanding (MoU) with the University of British
conservation.She is the second Indian to receive this Columbia (UBC), Canada for next 10 years to explore
award after Dr. Charudutt Mishra.The award is given to opportunities for collaborations in the field of Forestry
3 people annually, and this year it was given to Olivier Science and to work on various environmental issues like
Climate Change, Forest Resource Management and

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Wildlife. The opportunities will be explored by 77. On 19th February 2019, Chinese news agency Xinhua
organizations like Indian Council of Forestry Research unveiled the world’s first female AI news anchor Xin
and Education(ICFRE), Wildlife Institute of India (WII), Xiaomeng. She has been developed by Xinhua in
Forest Survey of India (FSI), Indira Gandhi National collaboration with Sogou Inc, a search engine
Forest Academy and Directorate of Forest Education, company.She was modelled after real-life Xinhua news
Uttarakhand, and UBC, Canada. anchor Qu Meng. She is expected to make a debut in
73. According to the Ministry of Commerce and Industry, March, during the upcoming meetings of China’s
Foreign direct investment (FDI) into India fell by 7% to national legislature.Earlier, Xinhua also developed Qiu
USD 33.49 billion during April-December in the current Hao,the world’s first male AI news anchor at the World
fiscal as Foreign Fund Inflows during this period stood Internet Conference in Wuzhen held in November 2018,
at USD 35.94 billion. The key sectors that received the who is capable of mimicking human facial expressions
maximum foreign investment during the period are: and mannerisms while reading out news-reports.
• Services (USD 5.91 billion), 78. A rare frog species was found by Scientists at Zoological
• Computer software and hardware (USD 4.75 billion) Survey of India (ZSI) in Lower Subansiri district of
• Telecommunications (USD 2.29 billion) Arunachal Pradesh.The team was led by senior ZSI
• Trading (USD 2.33 billion) scientist Bikramjit Sinha.The research findings have been
• Chemicals (USD 6.05 billion) published in the journal “Records of the Zoological
• Automobile industry (USD 1.81 billion) Survey of India“.The Crimson coloured, Convex-Vented
Singapore was the largest source of FDI during this Horned Species (Megophryspachyproctus), was
period USD 12.97 billion inflow, followed by Mauritius collected from Tale Valley Wildlife Sanctuary of the
(USD 6 billion), the Netherlands (USD 2.95 billion), district in 2017.It is native to Xizang in China.
Japan (USD 2.21 billion), US (USD 2.34 billion), and the 79. A small brown rat of bramble cay melomys species lived
UK (USD 1.05 billion). on a tiny island off northern Australia and becomes the
74. The Supreme Court appointed its former judge, Justice D world’s first mammal to have become extinct due to
K Jain as the first ombudsman for the Board of Control “human-induced climate change”.It was found only on a
for Cricket in India (BCCI). Bench comprising Justices SA small sand island near the coast of Papua New Guinea.
Bobde and A. M. Sapre appointed Justice D. K. Jain as the The rat was not seen since 2009 and scientist thought that
ombudsman after getting a consent of the parties and the mammal might become extinct in 2014.
their suggestions to do so.The ombudsman will be 80. West Indies’ batsman, Chris Gayle, broke the record for
resolving any issue that comes with regards to the “Most Sixes in International Cricket” by achieving a feat
players, as also financial issues.The apex court in its of 477 international sixes at the 1st ODI between West
August 9, 2018 verdict had recommended the Indies and England at the Kensington Ovalin
appointment of ombudsman. Bridgetown, Barbados. It was his 444th match.With this
75. Kerala Chief Minister, Pinarayi Vijayan, inaugurated he broke the record held by Shahid Afridi who had a total
India’s first Humanoid Police Robot named KP-BOT, of 476 sixes in international cricketin 524 matches.He hit
ranked as Sub-Inspector (SI), at the Police Headquarters the 477th six in the 15th over bowled by Moeen Ali of
in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala. With this, the Kerala England.
State Police Headquarters has become the first police 81. The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs has
department in the country to use a robot for police approved launch of Kisan Urja Suraksha evam Utthaan
work.The robot’s gender is declared female keeping in Mahabhiyan with the objective of providing financial
mind women empowerment and gender equality.She and water security to farmers.The proposed scheme
will perform Front Office duties of the police consists of three components: Component-A: 10,000 MW
headquarters like receiving visitors and direct them as of Decentralized Ground Mounted Grid Connected
required.Visitors can directly interact with her and she is Renewable Power Plants. Component-B: Installation of
capable of tasks like fixing appointments with officers, 17.50 lakh standalone Solar Powered Agriculture Pumps.
provide ID cards and open new files based on the Component-C: Solarisation of 10 Lakh Grid-connected
grievances. She can also identify higher officials and Solar Powered Agriculture Pumps.All 3 components
greet them with a salute. In 2018’s Cocoon Cyber combined, the scheme aims to add a solar capacity of
Conference it was announced that robots will be 25,750 MW by 2022.The total central financial support
included in the police force, after which, the work on the provided under the scheme would be Rs. 34,422 crore.
project was started by state police Cyberdome and a 82. The Union Cabinet approved the implementation of an
Kochi based start-up, Asimov. Externally Aided Project named National Rural
76. US defence firm,Lockheed Martin,unveiled the F-21 Economic Transformation Project (NRETP) under the
multi-role fighter jet at Asia’s biggest air show Aero Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana – National Rural
India-2019, which will be manufactured in India, under Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NRLM) through loan
Prime Minister Narendra Modi‘s flagship programme assistance from World Bank. NRETP’s technical
‘Make in India’.It is specifically configured for the Indian assistance and higher-level interventions facilitated by
Air Force (IAF) and provides a host of Make in India the project will enhance the livelihoods promotion and
opportunities and strengthens India’s path to an access to finance and scale-up initiatives on digital
advanced airpower future.It will be produced by finance and livelihood interventions. DAY-NRLM aims
Lockheed Martin and Tata Advanced Systems.

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on targeting the poorest and the most vulnerable will enable the para legal volunteers (PLV)’s to perform
communities and their financial inclusion. on field pre-registration of cases with a facility to seek
83. Prime Minister Narendra Modi flagged off the first ever appointment from the panel lawyer on date and time
diesel to electric converted locomotive twin engine of suitable to them.
10000 Horse Power(HP) at DLW Varanasi. It is designed 90. 70th International Boxing Tournament Strandja 2019,
with the help of engineers from Research Designs and hosted by European Boxing Confederation(EUBC) was
Standards Organisation (RDSO), Chittaranjan held at Sofia, Bulgaria. Russia topped the medals tally
Locomotive Works(CLW), and BHEL. Diesel Locomotive with 9 medals (5 Gold and 4 Bronze), followed by India
Works took just 69 days to convert two WDG3A Diesel at 2nd rank with 7 medals (3 Gold, 1 Silver, 3 Bronze) and
Locos into a Twin Electric WAGC3 locomotive of 10,000 USA at 3rd with 8 medals (2 Gold, 1 Silver, 5
HP. Bronze).Asian Games Gold medallist, Amit Phangal,
84. Prime Minister,Narendra Modi inaugurated Virtual claimed a second successive Gold by defeating
Experiential Museum (VEM)under Archeological Survey Kazakhstan’s Temirtas Zhussupov by pulling off a
of India, Man – Mahal,in the bank of the River Ganges. dominating 5-0 triumph in the Men’s 49 KG
National Council of Science Museum (NCSM) under the category.Former junior world champion, Nikhat Zareen
Ministry of Culture, Government of India established (Women’s 51 KG) and Meena Kumari Devi (Women’s 54
Virtual Experiential Museum. KG),became the first set of Indian Women Boxers to
85. PM Narendra Modi inaugurated supercomputer ‘Param clinch Gold medals in Sofia.Manju Rani (Women’s 48kg)
Shivay’ at IIT-BHU.The supercomputer of 833 teraflop settled for a Silver after being defeated by Josie Gabuco
capacity built at the cost of Rs 32.5 crore. Additional of Philippines.Pwilao Basumatari (Women’s 64kg),
Information: India’s first supercomputer called PARAM Neeraj (Women’s 60kg) and Lovlina Borgohain
8000 was launched in 1991. He released commemorative (Women’s 69kg) had settled for Bronze medals.
postage stamp on completion of 100 Years of IIT BHU. 91. International Cricket Council (ICC) banned(United Arab
86. The Human Resource Development (HRD) Ministry Emirates) UAE-based coach Irfan Ansari for a period of
launched Operation Digital Board on the lines of 10 years, from all forms of Cricket as he was found guilty
Operation Blackboard to provide better digital education of making a “corrupt approach” to Pakistan captain
in school.The government has aimed at equipping 9 lakh Sarfaraz Ahmed in 2017.ICC Anti-Corruption Tribunal
classrooms in schools and colleges across the country (7 found him guilty of breaching three counts of the Anti-
lakh classrooms of 9th, 10th and 11th standards and 2 Corruption Code during a hearing.
lakh classrooms of colleges and Universities) with digital 92. World Day of Social Justice will be observed on Feb.20
facilities for teaching by 2022.Human Resource every year to create attentiveness about social justice
Development Minister,Prakash Javadekar said, “Around based on gender, age, race, ethnicity, religion, culture or
60-70 years back, ‘Operation Black Board was launched, disability. This day promotes peaceful and prosperous
and now as the country is progressing, we have come up coexistence among different nations. It also creates
with ‘Operation Digital Board’, the aim of which is to awareness throughout the world about values of gender
have digital and interactive boards in every classroom”. equality or the rights of indigenous peoples and
87. On 18th February 2019, a regional conference on migrants. Theme of 2019 – ‘If you want Peace and
‘Deendayal Disabled Rehabilitation Scheme (DDRS)’ was Development, Work for Social Justice’ to focuses on the
organised in Kolkata, West Bengal. DDRS is a scheme goal of achieving full employment for the bottom 40 per
implemented by Department of Empowerment of cent of people and support for social integration. On 26th
Persons with Disabilities Ministry of Social Justice & November 2007, The United Nations General Assembly
Empowerment. Programme Implementing Agencies has approved to observe 20 February every year and
(PIAs), mostly NGOs and state government started to activate from 2009, as the World Day of Social
representatives from 13 Eastern and North-Eastern states Justice.
of India-West Bengal, Jharkhand, Odisha, Chhattisgarh, 93. National Commission for Scheduled Tribes (NCST) was
Bihar, Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, set up on 19th February, 2004 through Constitution (89th
Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim & Tripura marked their Amendment) Act. The Commission is celebrating fifteen
presence at the conference. years on 19th February, 2019. On this occasion, the
88. On 19th February 2019, Rajyavardhan Singh Rathore, Commission has brought out a book titled “Janjatiya
Information and Broadcasting Minister presented the 7th Swadhinta Sangram” in Hindi. The book, is released by
National Photography Awards in New Delhi.13 people Hon’ble Vice President of India, brings out the little
were awarded in total, in different categories. The unknown facets of the freedom struggle of tribal people
Professional category was themed as Women led in the country. The book highlights the contribution of
Development, while the Amateur category was themed tribal uprising against british regime during freedom
as Fairs and Festivals of India. Ashok Dilwali- Lifetime struggle.
achievement award- cash prize of Rs. 3,00,000. 94. On 16th February 2019, a bill was passed in the Himachal
89. On 19th February 2019, a tele-law mobile application Pradesh assembly to make Sanskrit the second official
‘Nyaya Bandhu’ was launched by the Law Minister Ravi language of the state. Key Points Mahender Singh
Shankar Prasad. It is pro bono legal service which is Thakur, the Irrigation and Public Health minister
designed to connect practising lawyers and the introduced the bill Himachal Pradesh Official Language
registered eligible beneficiaries in a hassle-free manner.It Bill, 2019 (Amendment). The bill was introduced in the

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absence of Chief Minister Jai Ram Thakur and was Legislative Assembly, inaugurated the operation of the
passed without discussion. With this, Himachal Pradesh robot.It is a semi-automatic robot can enter manholes for
became the second state to adopt Sanskrit as the second cleaning sewage lines with its robotic arm and is
official language of the state after Uttarakhand. The other equipped with 5 night-vision cameras to relay the
bills passed during the same session: scenario underneath.
• Himachal Pradesh University of Health Sciences 100. China is planning to build its first space-based solar
Amendment Bill, 2019 to rename Himachal Pradesh power station, orbiting 36,000 kilometres above ground,
University of Health Sciences as Atal Medical and to capture solar energy in orbit and beam it to the Earth.
Research University, Himachal Pradesh. Chinese scientists reportedly plan to build solar power
• Himachal Pradesh Bovine Breeding Bill, 2019 to stations and launch them into the stratosphere between
promote indigenous species of cows in the state by 2021 and 2025. The beams would be converted into
setting up sperm stations and using frozen semen in power through ground station, reports added.
artificial insemination. 101. Wallace Smith Broker, popular as ‘Grandfather of
95. Indian Oil Corporation(IOC), has signed its very first Climate Science’ died at the age of 87 at New York. He
annual deal to buy U.S. crude oil, paying USD 1.5 billion popularised the term ‘global warming’. He was the first
for 60,000 barrels a day beginning April 2019 to March scientist to recognize the Ocean Conveyor Belt which is
2020 to diversify its crude sources.IOCL is the first Indian said to have a major impact on climate including air
state refiner to buy U.S. oil under an annual contract, in temperature and rain patterns. He also stated that the
a deal that will also help boost trade between New Delhi release of greenhouse gases into the Earth’s atmosphere
and Washington. has an effect on the ocean currents.
96. The Ministry of Commerce and Industry in an attempt to 102. On 16th February 2019, Indian Air Force conducted mega
provide relief to and boost investments into start-ups in exercise ‘Vayu Shakti’ in Pokhran, Rajasthan. The
India, has decided to simplify the process for them to get exercise was conducted two days after 40 CRPF
exemptions under the Income Tax Act, 1961.It will now personnel killed in a suicide attack in Kashmir’s
recognize an entity as a start-up up to 10 years from the Pulwama. For the first time, the Advanced Light
date of its incorporation or registration instead of the Helicopter (ALP) and the Akash surface-to-air missile
existing duration of 7 years. It will also recognize an were deployed in military exercise. MiG-29 fighter jet
entity as a start-up if its turnover for any of the financial also participated in the exercise.The capability of Griffin
years since its incorporation or registration does not Laser Guided Bomb (LGB) a laser-guided bomb system
exceed Rs 100 crore unlike the previous amount of Rs 25 was also showcased in the exercise. It is used to retrofit
crore.Under Section 56 (B) (viib) of Income Tax Act, a gravity bombs, making them laser guided smart
start-up will be eligible for exemption if it is a private ammunition.The honorary group captain of the IAF,
limited company recognised by the Department for Sachin Tendulkar was present during the exercise. He
Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT). This became honorary group captain in 2015 for his
section was introduced in 2012 as an anti-abuse achievements in cricket.
measure,and is dubbed as ‘Angel tax’ due to its impact 103. U.S. President Donald Trump, declared a national
on investments made by angel investors in start-up emergency at the US-Mexico border to fund construction
ventures. of his long-sought wall, citing an “invasion of drugs and
97. The 34-year-old,Sunil Chhetri, was awarded India’s first- criminals” as reason for the act.He announced that he
ever “Football Ratna”by Football Delhi president Shaji will be spending roughly $8 billion on border barriers
Prabhakaran, former player and administrator at the All combining the money approved by Congress with
India Football Federation(AIFF) and FIFA(Fédération funding he plans to repurpose through executive actions,
Internationale de Football Association).Football Delhi is including the national emergency.Building a border wall
the state association governing the sport in Delhi.He was was a key pledge in Mr. Trump’s election campaign.
also named as the 6th Indian Footballer in the elite 104. President Ram Nath Kovind presented the Rabindranath
Padma Shri list.Shubham Sarangi, youth player from Tagore Award for Cultural Harmony for the year 2014,
Delhi who is currently the player of Delhi Dynamos team 2015 and 2016 at the Pravasi Bhartiya Kendra, New Delhi.
for Indian Super League (ISL), was also honoured by The awardees were:
Football Delhi on this occasion. He was part of the AIFF • Shri Rajkumar Singhajit Singh for the year 2014
Youth Academy for 12 years, and has represented India • Chhayanaut (a cultural organization of Bangladesh) for
in Under-14 and Under-17 National Teams. the year 2015
98. The Laureus World Sports Awards 2019 were announced • Shri Ram Sutar Vanji for the year for 2016
at the Laureus Awards Ceremony in Monaco on 18 105. On 18th February, 2019, German sports and lifestyle
February, 2019. Novak Djokovic matched Usain Bolt’s brand PUMA has appointed the 6 time world champion
record by being named World Sportsman of the Year for woman M C Mary Kom as its new brand ambassador.
the fourth time. Mary Kom is now PUMA India’s new ambassador for
99. Bandicoot, a drainage-cleaning robot, has been their women’s training category and will be representing
introduced for the first time in India at the Kumbakonam the brand in marketing campaigns.Mary Kom will steer
city corporation as part of efforts to rid of manual brand’s advertising campaign #DoYou that aims to
scavenging at the cost of Rs 18 lakh in Chennai, Tamil motivate women across the nation to be strong and
Nadu. Kadambur Raju, member of Tamil Nadu accomplish their goals.The association was facilitated by

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IOS sports and Entertainment Pvt. Ltd. which primarily March 2018. Loans under PMMY can be covered under
entitles Mary Kom. Credit Guarantee Fund for Micro Units (CGFMU). “As
106. AntBot is the first walking robot to have navigational on 01.02.2019, over 15.73 crore loans amounting to Rs 7.59
capabilities without GPS or mapping. It has been lakh crore have been extended by MLIs under PMMY,
designed by French National Centre for Scientific since inception of the scheme. Almost 73 per cent of the
Research (CNRS) and Aix-Marseille University loans under PMMY have been extended to women
researchers at ISM, on lines similar to desert ants who use borrowers,” Shukla .
polarised lights and UV radiation to navigate in space.It 111. Pramod Chandra Mody, a 1982-batch IRS Officer was
consists of an optical compass which determines its appointed as the new chairman of the Central Board of
movements by the help of a polarised light.An optical Direct Taxes (CBDT) which is the policy making body of
movement sensor directed to the sun is used to measure the Income Tax Department. He has been appointed in
the distance covered.It provides a precision of up to 1 cm place of Sushil Chandra, who was on Thursday named as
after covering a total distance of 14 metres.It is Election Commissioner ahead of the Lok Sabha polls due
lightweight, weighing only around 2.3 kgs.It has six feet this summer.Having worked on various posts in the I-T
to enhance mobility and facilitate movements in complex Department, he was currently working as the Member
environments.Celestial compass is used to measure its (Administration) in the CBDT.His tenure would last till
heading with precision by cloudy or clear weather. June 2019.
107. Iran’s President Hassan Rouhani unveiled the first 112. On 16th February, 2019, Vidarbha became the only 3rd
Iranian made semi-heavy submarine named “Fateh” team in Indian Domestic Cricket history to defend their
(“Conqueror” in Persian), capable of being fitted with Irani cup titles at Jamtha Stadium in Nagpur by defeating
missiles.It has subsurface-to-surface missiles with a rest of India. Vidarbha becomes the 3rd team after
range of about 2,000 km (1,250 miles) and is capable of Bombay and Karnataka to defend the Ranji Trophy and
reaching Israel and U.S. military bases in the region.A Irani Cup. Vidarbha chased a target of 280 run on the day
homegrown defence industry has been developed by and young Karnewar was the Player of the match.
Iran, since 1992, which produces light and heavy 113. PM Modi on his visit to Jhansi laid foundation stone of
weapons ranging from mortars and torpedoes to tanks Defence Corridor which will create a lot of direct and
and submarines. indirect employment to the youth in the region.
108. First Mallakhamb World Championship was held in Government decided to establish 2 defence corridors in
Shivaji Park in central Mumbai in which India became the country, one at Tamil Nadu and the other in Uttar
the winner. This sport involves athletes performing Pradesh. Jhansi is one among six nodal points of the UP
various yogic and gymnastic poses while hanging from a defence corridors.The Defence Corridor will make India
rope or on a pole.15 countries participated in the event- independent in defence production. The project will also
Spain, Germany, Czech Republic,Italy, USA, Iran, attract many foreign and domestic Defence related
Norway, England, France, Malaysia, Singapore, Japan, companies to invest in the region.
Vietnam, Bahrain, and India.An audio-visual 114. In order to boost connectivity in the Yavatmal and nearby
presentation about the workshops and practice of the areas, Prime Minister flagged off Humsafar Express
ancient Indian sport held in Germany was given by Ruth which will run between Ajni (Nagpur) and
Anzenberger, German team coach. Pune.Narendra Modi announced that around 14500
109. The ministry of Housing and Urban affairs has published houses are built at Yavatmal under Pradhan Mantri
a set of guidelines to establish charging station for EV Awas Yojana (PMAY) which aims at provide housing to
(Electric Vehicles) at every 25 km to outline the ways to all by 2022.Certificates and cheques were distributed to
build fueling points. This necessity of instituting Self Help Groups (SHGs) under Maharashtra State Rural
charging stations has arrived as government expects that Livelihoods Mission by Prime Minister.A research centre
25% of road vehicles will be electric by 2030. Norms and is being built at Chandrapur to tackle with the Sickle cell
standards of Electric vehicles will be incorporated by the disease.
building byelaws agencies of the respective guiding 115. United Arab Emirates (UAE) based international cooling
documents of the state government and union territories. provider,National Central Cooling Company PJSC
For making provisions for establishing EV (Tabreed) entered into a 30-year concession with Andhra
infrastructures, Ministry has made amendments to the Pradesh Capital Region Development Authority
guidelines of MBBL (Model Building Bye laws), 2016 and (APCRDA) to build India’s first district cooling system in
URDPFI (Urban Regional Development Plans Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh.The agreement is for a
Formulation and Implementation), 2014. contracted cooling capacity of 20,000 Refrigeration Tons
110. The Parliament was informed by the government on (RTs) and will cater to the State’s Assembly, High Court,
Tuesday that loans by PSBs(Public Sector Banks) Secretariat and other Government buildings currently
amounting to Rs 7,277.31crore under Pradhan Mantri being constructed, for which cooling services will start in
Mudra Yojana (PMMY) had turned into non-performing early 2021. The district cooling system will help save 40%
assets(NPAs) by the end of March 2018.In a written reply of the energy currently being used and reduce CO2
to the Rajya Sabha, Minister of State for Finance Shiv emissions, as it uses only 50% of the primary energy
Pratap Shukla stated that loans issued under PMMY by consumption for cooling urban buildings, thus,
all member lending institutions (MLIs) amounted to Rs improving the air quality and reducing general noise
5.71 lakh crore, since the beginning of the scheme until

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levels when compared to other traditional air attached to the Air Force Station in Yelahanka,
conditioning systems. Bengaluru.The Flight Engineer branch was opened to
116. On 16th February 2019, World Health Organization says women officers in 2018.
the number of Measles cases reported in 2018 is nearly 122. Chandramouli Ramanathan of India was appointed as
double the infections contracted in the previous year.The the Controller, Assistant Secretary-General for
number of Measles cases reported in 2018 is 2,29,068. It Programme Planning, Finance and Budget in the
was 1,10,000 for 2017 who died from this highly Department of Management Strategy, Policy and
infections diseases. In Europe itself there were 82,596 Compliance by United Nations Secretary-General
infections in 2018 as per WHO.WHO recommended to António Guterres, on 14th February 2019. Mr.
the Member States to close gaps in vaccination coverage. Ramanathan has led high level management initiatives,
WHO won’t commit to a compulsory vaccination including implementation of IPSAS(International Public
recommendation although it is working in affected Sector Accounting Standards) and Umoja(the United
areas.Measles is a viral infection caused by rubeola virus. Nations Enterprise Resource Planning solution).
It is a highly infectious disease but easily preventable by 123. South African pacer Dale Steyn overtook former Indian
vaccination.Vaccination for measles was introduced in captain Kapil Dev to become joint 7th highest wicket-
1963 when there was an estimated 2.6 million deaths taker along with England’s Stuart Broad in the all-time
occurred every year due to the outbreak of the disease. list of Test cricket after registering figures of 4/48 against
117. On 14th February 2019, JP Morgan Chase rolled out as Sri Lanka.He is now behind Muttiah Muralitharan (800),
the first US bank with cryptocurrency. The change in Shane Warne (708), Anil Kumble (619), James Anderson
opinion of JP Morgan is the first step in the program of (575), Glenn McGrath (56(c) and Courtney Walsh (519) in
making it more competitive. The currency is designed to the coveted list.
be decentralized so that no one has control over 124. Assam chief minister Sarbananda Sonowal launched the
transactions being sent over the network. JP Morgan Parents Responsibility and Norms for Accountability
Chase will be using the cryptocurrency to see its potential and Monitoring (PRANAM) Commission, a panel set up
in using digital coins to reduce risk and enable instant to look after the issues with respect to the PRANAM Bill
transfers. JPM Coin is not for retail customers . It will be brought in for protection of parents of state government
used internally by the bank to enable instant transfers of employees at Guwahati, Assam. According to the Bill, if
payments between institutional accounts. the PRANAM Commission gets a complaint that parents
118. Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban of a state government employee is being ignored, then
Transformation (AMRUT) cities and municipal 10% or 15% of the employee’s salary will be deducted by
corporations of Raigarh (1st prize), Ambikapur (2nd the government and paid to the parents or differently
prize) and Kumbakonam (3rd prize) won the top abled siblings.It is first-of its-kind Bill in India and would
Swachhata Excellence Awards 2019. The prizes were benefit 8 lakh parents of 4 lakh state government
awarded by Shri Durga Shanker Mishra, Secretary, employees. It was approved by the state cabinet in
Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA) at the 2018.Private companies’ employees and central
Shehri Samridhi Utsav, an initiative organized by government employees in Assam would also be covered
MoHUA in New Delhi. by the Bill at a later stage.Chief commissioner V. B.
119. Tej Hazarika, son of famed Assamese singer-composer Pyarelal and commissioners Dr Alaka Desai Sarma and
Bhupen Hazarika, has said he has been invited by the Jugabala Buragohain of the PRANAM Commission were
Indian government to accept the Bharat Ratna on behalf handed their appointment letters by the CM.
of his late father and it will be his “tremendous honour” 125. On 26th February 2019, the Board for Financial
to receive the country’s highest civilian award. The Supervision (BFS) of the Reserve Bank of India has
Government of India has graciously extended me an removed 2 public sector banks- Corporation Bank and
invitation to accept the Bharat Ratna for my father. He Allahabad Bank and 1 private sector bank – Dhanlaxmi
sacrificed much and devoted selflessly to the cause of a Bank from PCA (Prompt Corrective Action)
united and progressive India and now he is being framework.According to BFS, Allahabad Bank and
recognized for that with this well-deserved award Corporation Bank had received Rs 6,896 crore and Rs
120. Bollywood actress Tapsee Pannu is signed as the brand 9,086 crore respectively which led to increase in their
ambassador the snack brand ‘Kurkure’ owned by capital funds and also increased their loan loss provision.
PepsiCo. A television campaign was also launched by According to RBI, Dhanlaxmi bank was found to be not
Kurkure to introduce the new brand positioning ‘Khayal breaching any of the risk threshold of the PCA
toh chatpata hai’ celebrating the progressive thinking the Framework, hence was removed out of the PCA
young Indian homemakers in traditional Indian families Framework.
and the breaking conventional barriers.This is the first 126. On 26th February 2019, the autonomous organization
time that the brand has attempted to include a social under the Department of Higher Education, National
message with its product’s marketing. Book Trust (NBT) appointed educationist and
121. Flight Lieutenant Hina Jaiswal from Chandigarh, became authorGovind Prasad Sharma as its new Chairman
the First Indian Woman Flight Engineer of the Indian Air replacing Baldeo Sharma. Key Points Govind Prasad
Force(IAF). She was commissioned in the IAF’s Sharma authored more than 6 academic books and
engineering branch in 2015 and completed the 6-month several research papers. He also served as Vice Chairman
Flight Engineer course from the 112 Helicopter Unit of Madhya Pradesh Board of Secondary Education.Mr.

LE Prep Assist
Sharma was born in 1939 and he had served as the a cash crunch that has hobbled the economy and
Director of Madhya Pradesh Hindi Granth Academi and plunged millions deep into poverty. Zimbabwe
as the principal of Government PG College, Madhya adopted the dollar in 2009 but, as a chronic hard
Pradesh. currency shortage worsened, introduced a parallel
127. Muhammadu Buhari, who is a member of All system of bond notes that it pegged at 1:1 to the U.S.
Progressive Congress (APC) has defeated Atiku currency.
Abubakar with more than three million votes in the 137. Member of Parliament Brij Bhushan Sharan Singh has
election to become the President of Africa’s most been elected third time unopposed as the President of
populous country – Nigeria for the second time. Wrestling Federation of India.
128. On 27th February 2019, the Defence Acquisition Council 138. Union Minister of State for Food Processing Industries
(DAC) headed by Union Defence Minister Nirmala Sadhvi Niranjan Jyoti inaugurated Sikaria Mega Food
Sitharaman approved the acquisition of defence Park Pvt Ltd at village Tulakona in Agartala.
equipment at cost of Rs 2700 crores. The following was 139. Union Textiles Minister Smriti Irani launched the
approved: 3 Cadet Training ships for the Indian Navy to Integrated Large Scale Eri Farming in Arunachal
impart basic sea training for officer cadets and women Pradesh under North East Region Textile Promotion
officer trainees. These ships would perform hospital ship Scheme(NERTPS) in Itanagar. Initially, the Project will
duties, providing humanitarian assistance and disaster cover five districts of the state, that are: Papumpare,
relief, undertaking search and rescue (SAR) missions and East Kameng, Siang, East Siang and West Siang.
non-combatant evacuation operations. 140. India’s Mohd Mushtaque Ahmad and Asima Ali were
129. Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated the National elected as the Vice-President and Executive
War Memorial and slammed the previous governments Committee member of the Asian Hockey Federation
for delaying the project to honour India’s bravehearts. for a four-year term in Gifu,Japan.
PM Modi paid his tribute to the brave soldiers, who lost 141. Keeping in line with the government’s initiative to
their lives in Pulwama terror attack and all those ensure empowerment to the common man through
bravehearts who have sacrificed their lives for protecting technology for access to justice, the law minister Ravi
India. Shankar Prasad launched a tele law mobile
130. the 100 day urban job guarantee scheme a first in the application that is integrated with a dashboard and an
country and the brainchild of Madhya Pradesh chief application called Nyaya Bandhu.
minister Kamal Nath is offering over 40 jobs, covering a 142. Scientists claim to have developed the first walking
broad spectrum from cattle grazer to accountant and robot that can explore its environment and find its
photographer, as the government aims to cover as many way home without GPS or mapping, opening new
beneficiaries as possible, regardless of their educational avenues for the navigation of autonomous vehicles.
qualification. There is no minimum educational criteria Researchers from the French National Center for
and even the uneducated people can find work.. Scientific Research(CNRS) took inspiration from
131. Bihar has become the first state in the country to have desert ants, which are extraordinary solitary
raise a special dog squad to detect liquor consignment.. navigators, to design the AntBot.
As many as 20 liquor-tracker dogs which were imparted 143. The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs(CCE(a)
training for nine months in Hyderabad have been approved two schemes for promotion of solar power
deployed in nine police ranges in the state. one for the agriculture sector and the other for
132. Afghanistan President Ashraf Ghani flagged off the rooftops. The long-pending KUSUM scheme(Kisan
Afghan Cargo from western Nimroz province that will Urja Suraksha Evam Utthaan Mahabhiyan) was
be exported to India through Chabahar Port in Iran approved by the CCEA.
which was inaugurated in 2017. Addressing the event, 144. Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated a Virtual
Ghani said that the opening of Chabahar route will Experiential Museum(VEM) at Man Maha, a centrally-
increase Afghanistan’s export from US $1 billion to US $2 protected observatory under the ASI in Varanasi.
billion in the next year. 145. India is hosting the 12th edition of “Aero India
133. Sudan’s President Omar al-Bashir has declared a national 2019”Asia’s biggest defence exhibition show at Air
state of emergency, dismissed the federal government Force Station,Yelahanka,Bengaluru. from 20 to 24
and sacked all state governors. In the address, Mr Bashir February, 2019.
asked parliament to postpone constitutional 146. Tennis World no 1 Novak Djokovic of Serbia won his
amendments that would allow him to run for another 4th Laureus World Sportsman of the year and
term. American record-holding gymnast Simone Biles
134. Mohamed Tahir Ayala, governor of Gezira state, was bagged the World Sportswomen of the year award.
appointed Sudan’s PM. Sudanese President Omar al- 147. Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia Mohammed Bin
Bashir said in November 2017 that he would support Slaman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud arrives in New Delhi
Ayala in the 2020 presidential election if he decided to on a two-day visit.
run. 148. Singapore based social media platform BIGO
135. Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched the Pradhan Technology announced an investment of over $100
Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi scheme in Gorakhpur. million to expand its business in India in the next three
136. Zimbabwe’s central bank began trading a sharply years, creating nearly 1,000 jobs.
discounted replacement currency, attempting to ease

LE Prep Assist
149. RBI will pay an interim dividend of Rs 28000 cr to the 166. India test-fired its helicopter-launched version of one
government, a move that will help the Centre keep of the most-advanced anti-tank weapons from the
fiscal deficit in check. Odisha coast,Helina, the helicopter-launched version
150. Argentina’s President Mauricio Macri arrived in New of the Nag anti tank guided missile with a hit range of
Delhi on a three-day India visit during which he will 7-8 km, was launched from an Army chopper.
hold talks with Prime Minister Narendra Modi to 167. Kerala Chief Minister, Pinarayi Vijayan, inaugurated
enhance cooperation in key sectors such as economy, India’s first Humanoid Police Robot named KP-BOT,
nuclear technology and space. ranked as Sub-Inspector (SI), at the Police
151. Belgium’s Elise Mertens has claimed the biggest title Headquarters in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala.
of her career by beating top seed Simona Halep 3-6, 6- 168. The Supreme Court appointed a retired judge of the
4, 6-3 to win the Qatar Open. court Justice D.K. Jain as the first ombudsman under
152. The Indian Air Force(IAF) demonstrated its full the new BCCI (Board of Control for Cricket in Indi(a)
spectrum combat and fire capabilities during Constitution approved by the court in a judgment.
“Exercise Vayu Shakti-2019” in Pokaran firing range 169. Chinese news agency Xinhua unveiled the world’s
close to Indo-Pak border in rajasthan first female AI news anchor Xin Xiaomeng. She has
153. US Space Agency NASA has unveiled a new space been developed in collaboration with Sogou Inc, a
telescope,SPHEREx, that would begin a two-year search engine company.
mission in 2023 to look for life’s ingredients and probe 170. A small brown rat of bramble cay melomys species
how the universe evolved. lived on a tiny island off northern Australia becomes
154. Riding their first innings lead, Ranji Champions the world’s first mammal to have become extinct due
Vidarbha clinched the Irani Cup defeating Rest of to “human-induced climate change”. It was found
India in Nagpur. only on a small sand island near the coast of Papua
155. Prime Minister Narendra Modi flagged off the maiden New Guinea.
run of India first semi high speed train “Vande 171. India and South Korea signed an MoU for releasing a
Matram Bharat Express” from New Delhi Railway joint stamp commemorating the legendary Princess
Station. Suriratna (Queen Hur Hwang-ok), a legendary
156. One of the world’s largest and longest running Princess of Ayodhya, who went to Korea in AD 48 and
international military exercise “Cobra Gold “ exercise married King Kim-Suro
began in Thailand. 172. Prime Minister Narendra Modi arrived in Seoul on a
157. The Indian Government has proposed the two-day visit to South Korea. Mr Modi will hold
construction of Lower Arun Hydropower Project in bilateral talks with South Korean President Moon Jae-
Nepal with a capacity of 400MW. in and receive the Seoul Peace Prize in recognition of
158. Indian Historian Sanjay Subrahmanyam won Israel’s his dedication to international cooperation, global
prestigious Dan David Prize in the category “Past growth and human development.
Time Dimensions”for his work in macro-history. 173. The Human Resource Development (HR(d) Ministry
159. Egypt’s President Abdel Fattah el-Sissi has been launched Operation Digital Board on the lines of
elected chairman of the African Union at the Operation Blackboard to provide better digital
continental body’s summit in Ethiopia. education in school. The government has aimed at
160. Prince William,the Duke of Cambridge,has conferred equipping 9 lakh classrooms in schools and colleges
the royal honour of OBE(Order of British Empire) on across the country (7 lakh classrooms of 9th, 10th and
Indian- Origin Dhruv Patel for voluntary service to 11th standards and 2 lakh classrooms of colleges and
Britain’s Hindu community and social chesion. Universities) with digital facilities for teaching by
161. The World Day of the Sick is a feast day of theRoman 2022.
Catholic Church which was instituted on 13 May 1992 174. International Mother Language Day has been
by Pope JohnPaul II. observed every year on 21st February since February
162. The 2nd indigenously developed “Solid Fuel Ducted 2000 to promote linguistic and cultural diversity and
Ramjet(SFDR) propulsion-based missile system was multilingualism.
successfully flight tested in Odisha by DRDO. 175. The World Day of Social Justice is celebrated annually
163. The 13th International Oil and Gas Conference – all over the world on 20 February.
PETROTECH 2019 got underway in India Expo 176. Cyber Prevention Awareness and Detection (CyPA(d)
Mart,Greater Noida. Centre and the National Cyber Forensic Lab (NCFL)
164. France’s Corentin Moutet, the second-seed, beat were inaugurated by Union Home Minister Rajnath
Andrew Harris of Australia 6-3, 6-3 in the singles final Singh and LG Anil Baijal in Dwarka, New Delhi.
to win the title in Chennai Open ATP Challenger 177. Saudi Arabia became the 73rd nation to sign the
tennis tournament in Chennai. It was the second International Solar Alliance. ISA was unveiled by PM
Challenger title for Moutet. Narendra Modi and former French President Francois
165. Female artists and hip-hop stars won big at the 2019 Hollande in 2015.
Grammy awards.Kacey Musgraves, Childesh 178. Elise Merten, world number 21 from Belgium beat
Gambino,Cardi B were some of the winners at this world number 3, Simona Halep to win the Qatar Open
year’s award ceremony. held in Doha, Qatar. This is her first WTA Premier-
level crown and fifth title of her overall career.

LE Prep Assist
179. Iran’s President Hassan Rouhani unveiled the first 191. Appointments Committee of Cabinet (AC(c) has
Iranian made semi-heavy submarine named ‘Fateh’ appointed senior IRS officer Pramod Chandra Mody
(‘Conqueror’ in Persian), capable of being fitted with as chairman of Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT).
missiles, as per the reporting on Iran’s state TV. He will succeed Sushil Chandra, who was recently
180. Indian Air Force conducted mega exercise ‘Vayu appointed Election Commissioner.
Shakti’ in Pokhran, Rajasthan. The exercise was 192. 13 February is celebrated as World Radio Day by
carried out day and night where the IAF showcased UNESCO all over the world. The date of 13 February,
firepower capability of indigenously developed the day United Nations Radio was established in 1946,
platforms and efficacy of missiles. was proposed by the Director-General of UNESCO.
181. Israel is to launch its first moon mission, sending an On 14 January 2013, the United Nations General
unmanned spacecraft to collect data to be shared with Assembly formally endorsed UNESCO’s
NASA. According to a report, the 585-kilogram proclamation of World Radio Day.
Beresheet (Genesis) spacecraft is to lift off atop a 193. The Meghalaya Cabinet has decided to rename the
Falcon 9 rocket from Cape Canaveral, Florida. Dikkibandi stadium in Tura town after former Lok
182. JP Morgan rolled out the first US bank cryptocurrency. Sabha Speaker Purno A Sangma. The Dikkibandi
The currency is designed to be decentralized so that Stadium was formerly known as MP stadium. Purno
no one has control over transactions being sent over A Sangma is also a former chief minister of
the network. Cryptocurrencies are used successfully Meghalaya.
to move money between the bank and a client which 194. Egypt’s President Abdel-Fattah el-Sissi has been
usually runs on a blockchain technology. elected as the chairman of the African Union at the
183. Sudanese refugee, Abdul Aziz Muhamat, who spent 5 continental body’s summit in Ethiopia. El-Sisi’s
years in the Australian detention centre on Manus election brings an end the one-year chairmanship of
Island in Papua New Guinea, was given the Martin Rwanda’s President Paul Kagame.
Ennals Award 2019 in Geneva, Switzerland, for 195. INS Trikand, the frontline warship of the Indian Navy,
exposing “the very cruel asylum seeker policy of the participated in a multi-national training exercise
Australian Government”. ‘CUTCLASS EXPRESS 2019’. The annual Exercise
184. Flight Lieutenant Hina Jaiswal from Chandigarh, Cutlass Express is sponsored by U.S. Africa Command
became the First Indian Woman Flight Engineer of the (USAFRICOM) and conducted by Naval Forces Africa
Indian Air Force(IAF). She was commissioned in the (NAVAF).
IAF’s engineering branch in 2015 and completed the 196. The Abu Dhabi Judicial Department (ADJD) has
6-month Flight Engineer course from the 112 decided to include Hindi as the third official language
Helicopter Unit attached to the Air Force Station in used in its courts, alongside Arabic and English, as
Yelahanka, Bengaluru. The Flight Engineer branch part of a move designed to improve access to justice.
was opened to women officers in 2018. 197. Reserve Bank of India decided to treat deposits to over
185. 77 years old Swiss actor, Bruno Ganz who is famous Rs.2 crore as ‘bulk’ as they doubled the limit for the
for his role of German dictator, Adolf Hitler in the same from the earlier Rs.1crore.
Oscar-nominated film Downfall, passed away in 198. The 5-day multinational maritime exercise ‘AMAN-
Zurich, Switzerland due to Colon Cancer. 19’ in which 46 nations participated from all over the
186. The theme of WSDS 2019 was ‘Attaining the 2030 world was formally commenced at Pakistan Navy
Agenda: delivering on our promise’. Dockyard, Karachi, with a colorful flag hoisting
187. Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI) ceremony.
launched a new portal Least Available Depth 199. A Himalayan Cloud Observatory is set up in Tehri
Information System (LADIS) for real-time data on district of Uttarakhand with a motive to forecast and
available depth on stretches of National Waterways. monitor cloudburst incidents in the Himalayan region
188. The robotic rover, which wandered the surface of the and help to minimize the damage.
red planet for over 15 years, was launched by NASA 200. Union Environment Minister, Dr. Harsh Vardhan,
in July 2003 as a part of its Mars Exploration Rover announced the Great Indian Bustard (GIB) as the
program. mascot for the 13th Conference of Parties (COP) of the
189. President Ram Nath Kovind appointed Central Board UN Convention on the Conservation of Migratory
of Direct Taxes (CBDT) Chairman Sushil Chandra as Species (CMS) to be held in Gujarat in 2020. He also
an Election Commissioner. revealed that the bird has been fondly named by the
190. India had granted the status of MFN (Most Favoured ministry as ‘Gibi‘.
Nation) to Pakistan in 1996, a year after WTO’s
formation.

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FEBRUARY

©LegalEdge Tutorials Page 1 of 64

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Lage raho, ho jayega :)

Harsh Gagrani Karan Mehta

©LegalEdge Tutorials Page 3 of 64

©LegalEdge Tutorials Page 4 of 64

NATIONAL NEWS treaty under the aegis of United Nations

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promulgated with a view, to empower the Central

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AWARDS AND RECOGNITIONS

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ICC ODI Rankings: No.1 batswoman in world

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Pinarayi Vijayan Inaugurated First Humanoid

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India responded to the last major security forces attack, at Uri,

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This decision of US President incited instant condemnation from Democrats,

Earlier during the election, President Trump had promised to construct a

What is the National Emergency in the USA?

Consequence of the National Emergency

©LegalEdge Tutorials Page 18 of 64

20 LEGAL ONE LINERS

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Mentor View- English Language

Study in short time intervals

Avoid new material

Test yourself repeatedly

Effective Revision plan

Any last minute advice?

©LegalEdge Tutorials Page 20 of 64

Mentor View- Mathamatics

Few points that are to be kept in mind:

ABHI NAHI TO KABHI NAHI!!

©LegalEdge Tutorials Page 21 of 64

Prep Test– Logical Reasoning

9. Assertion (A) India is a 'Sovereign' country.

11. Who is the wicket-keeper?

12. The spinner's home town is

13. Who is the pace-bowler?

14. Who was the runner up?

15. Which saree was worn by Miss Delhi?

16. Who was wearing the red saree?

17. N is heavier than which of the two steel balls?

18. Which of the following is the lightest in weight?

19. Which of the following is the heaviest in weight?

©LegalEdge Tutorials Page 23 of 64

32. SPIDER: WEB

33. THRUST: SPEAR

34. MONEY: TRANSACTION

35. JEW: SYNAGOGUE

37. 86 XW 68, 85 UT 58, 84 RQ 48,'?', 82 KL 28

38. BA 2500 ZY, DC 1600 XW, FE 900 VU,'?', JI 100 RQ

39. 31 MN 97, 37 PQ 89,41 ST 83,'?', 47 YZ 73

40. 71 XW 13, 67 UT 17,'?', 59 ON 23, 53 LK 29

Prep Test– English Language