OBJECTIVES After completing this unit, you will be able to: || Make a precision layout using the vernier height sage 2. Use the Woodworth Coordinate Factors and Angles tables to calculate equidistant hole locations 3. Make precision layouts using the sine bar and gage blocks The accuracy ofthe finished workpiece is generally determined by the accuracy of the layout; therefore, great care must be used when laying out, To make a precision layout, a person must be able to read and Understand drawings, select and use the proper layout tools forthe jab, and accurately transfer mea- >> The Vernier Height Gage “The vernier height gage may be used to measure or mark off vertical distances to = 001-in. (0.02-mm) accuracy. The main parts of the vernier height gage (Fig. 21-2) are the base, beam, vernier slide, and scriber, which is attached to the Vernier slide when making layouts. Other accessories, such asa dal indicator or a depth gage attachment, may be added to the slide for measurement and inspection work. ‘The graduations on the beam and the verner slide are the same as those on a vernier caliper and the readings are made in the same manner as with a vernier caliper. 156 Layout Tools and Procedures ON is Precision Layout surements from the drawing to the workpiece. After ‘completing a layout, check all layout work against the sizes on the working drawings to make sure that the layout is accurate. When the layout lines must be accurate to within ,001 in, (0.02 mm), a vernier height gage may be used (Fig. 21-1). When hole locations and dimension lines are made on a layout, they are generally made from two machined edges called reference surfaces using X and Y coordinates. Any layout composed of holes, angles, and lines may be calculated using trigonom- ‘etry to determine the coordinate measurements. Once the coordinates have been determined, they can be used for setting up the workpiece and accu- rately positioning the holes for machining. Another method of calculating hole locations is by means of the Woodworth Coordinate Factors and Angles tables, See the Appendix of Tables in this book. TO MAKE A PRECISION LAYOUT USING A VERNIER HEIGHT GAGE It is required to lay out the position of five equally spaced holes on a S-in, diameter circle located in the center of a ‘T-in.-square steel plate (Fig. 21-3). Follow this procedure: L. Refer to the drawing of the required workpiece Gig. 21-3). 2. Remove all burrs from the workpiece. 3. Apply layout dye to the surface and mount it on an angle plate.