CHARTER — Loading, Stags = Sranre * TF Tinpad = Geir, % EF ee te erty s Sted * ET, = Mex Rodi eh x-sle RE = Axtal ay Uy 4 Kesle QT = Torsional “Aakdichy, 4 X-Sle lS se Io OY R y . =. 40 =(= Re | Te ze x L ¢ a CHAPTER-~ STRESS + For duchle matniad Spe & Sue y Sue (Swas)auaiie = oe Seals geaite Sp 2° Sep > Seep * For Gryittle moatertal Soe Sug >> Soe (Sse) grate = Soca Sas, gosmeMild Adcel (rackuve [oucile matentolt wndsr, tension — > Cup & cone Grackona Texston ——? Plane tronsvour Qrackwe Camootn) Greets, [etarie smotenial | Grantor ronaveur Vraerone etecidal Gracin 2 Coat tron Unasnr , Fension —> forden —» Granuton 1 ° Savess Aeviso C l= o ty Tg 2D Try sy Ty ay ae Savatq teasow G c ex a cs te an . G : ¢ fen Sx CB vl ee xr a eS . y tye} — : rc Sign tonvension on -t Lae to Hz Clocktusise rom F- free Ged Tey = Chockfusige O77 ve- foe Ged TT “Oo T= anticlockwise (ree) y v a = « Mo a (G +) eh (=m) Caso) + Toy Sinko) (dp = - 4 (-G) HQ) + Tay COURS) En), = = £ (Er Sy) FACE -Ky) Cu Qoy + Tey Sle) , - 2 @. = Hes) eun + G oarSeat aes | vo Ex +fy rE Fos cyindy ical ba, ye Gi Pe) a Sah ey ae iv a 3 Fos xphane 7 Hew, v= ELA for cafinaea = gy. 3x Sd eve d ved? for 4qrne + Sm elatte veglon Ve wed Sa strain colebetions Sean WF on plas veg ion — . An plarke Teylon €,= dw lve €e) Ws os sb SVE0 E= 2q( +4) a. B= 3k 1-84) Y Shen Strain Ee AKG fe 0 ang ewe eH for WYK WAS Oo Rubee Ronan v BA > OS (ie. Svec . Ee for meals ae E>K> ft sa rK>s = - Lf Datuk shein a. Gea ao) > So.2 MS, tons,° Bag < See Ry ele eaten oe wagte rene ey Bes docan weuy Wish. Gee i (s- oa (ry 8) © fy = + (sy - an (6x &)) fp { (se- aa Ox* 7) = Eyz Se HEytEy = = am) (* H*S) E + Pstsmarte bon , unin PAL Sie he : + Aaqeud pen unas Acted loading, wis she xl? Svc wad Wad, E . Cronagition a RZ. unde au vw. RB Lee 8) ane ae =w . C\onoatten 4 Conical bot Under dei wk. u Siz Bo a ezwe CA Ane » 6E L 3 j CHAPTER- Strain wag, Soee *sstens a enn absorbed by member withio Cloatte veolon = Ave R- € cunve in elostte region s ‘SOO, 2 (0, : eee Rok Uemce F MOK. Strain snengy absoslecd bye Omembr Upto elash'e pote = Freq gh P$ cue gio elasrc negionRrool Revbiente = - & x Vol. 2E 2 moduly, * Roalente = Croel cesiliente Vol: Qe as 2 Pres T-€ Cuwe ugto eleatic “regen . Toughness re Brraly en eagy absov bed toy member Wet fractune “pointe " i = Aven PS cue Ugrc \rachane s medida ef truahney = Toughness aes Vel. = te. of cowe Megte Arachne + Youngs smodubsy CE) oo “Smdeberdent “\ Xe In Stes Strain SND ‘ Yon under. Balad load ve he ds, ow ARE), K AE Ke & 1. EB. undo PAL Ke 6 5 8B. Yntr Sah ot. (P=t0 = CL) Ke 0 > CoB. Ends saw (P= w= OAL) a Us sy vol, jer PAL AE + Strain ma gy - sarud bar unMdn FPL Ve wed ATAAE (RECS e) see ee Tics Ieee lt iit ts | emt Isaa tg UR = > OR. unda PAL i UX ALE >» RB. unda eth we. 2 Stroin enngy J adbeam undn vending. b Ve my. ax mee for Pore bending of PB. ae a’ 2D), L Strain smenqy, \ Priemorh'c And man Pure dorsion U= Tadeo TA ler Qusr tervien x Aad), 203 Ue (Clmacd x vol, —> hor solid he} + AG Ce 4g Strain enengy, en Sock unin Row Ane. vc Tc «x Vel, aq + Jor composite bor under Axtod load SQ = a [ere et] ALE, TALE, CHRETER — THERMAL STRESS ES © Shoe = Gren, 7 TG, tnd > BW cone + Cee &x pansion ey = fy = Sg XT THe |] = sy>0 Sys rey vey = 2aeT2 TENVAR By owt mi is arrowed ctx pans on Qeweyr (next Atamond) Contd ent : Cotes arsicted ax pansion a a Sey V. y E x7, Q. x TEP Tye AVE iS ev dies) fi Portfarty, pesretehed 2 xgomsey ( A= Exgomtion gaits) Ce =) wta- Ble A AE s Com Qerely woytricte & © Theol srvessess KTR, Sum tegeud love oe yy pe cst 1? ara aE > oe ew ce >) & (S a <— 2 ATES) | cet Ss) Toran Tain = RTE P EL | 3 a Rg at shee of eloamec coe oo Ate Line 2 tenth Const. Cir cabon OAS aca Yoni i Vanies ball Commarea) RongorrsS.ae.| Type d Beam (Eq. = Wi awe? ¢ igne EL= const = WH ys WL 4 Beam [ex eotl wa “at } y a 7 ‘ 4 A \ \4 ial ‘ ‘) a , ( yw aE 14a < ed + 4 o~ ms Yo Ma Kel KEL — 4 ) 1 ( m “™ a 3 { (A 2) O= ws? y=wsi | KEL KEL | Nhe eM 6 3 ( dl & ( we 384 [a 24 = ( a a) vw } tee Bay A 9 Siew ay 30 f ; oo \w Y a a ays J 1 : Os Wal (a-) Yee Worth a i 381-8 Set Q pt Ww \ Yo = Webb | tas 2eT. 8 q F« Dowdle Loreqraton smenod (ED). ve wa \2 _ 0 At Meow - Aa lech’on Momen} Aveq method Oy- © ‘ee a fr = Area “A TH Magram Yo OB EL Momens a Prey LAK) ry a Seayewy Ho HA8 ARB ore Aelecked Aran ed = one goin Sa gone A aero ALoRe = ome gone Sa non ne So ex poy Cee. ° rege penne wee) 2 Moxwell!s ree dye cal Ane ores \ dws Wa 83> We Sq oe SN . Costig tands AMeoren Us SE dua to Bending, = f (ay Oe HED). On, = Be Was Conc. load of # an Mas Conc moment aA G2 Men + 4 BWa CHAPTER — BENDS STREKES Mm. GLE Ton Y R + ys my > Iya Zz 2 NA( wa * Vo "GLE Sy De Eien i Py e BR { + Re Etve ( Mp + onting, Ateest don Qo bee { ve Yaar = 2 ‘ ™ x ‘ Te EYma . E® ‘ D AR ( = Ev. . EX. Et D 4 Dre « Tere) « Yor ogven Xe Sle Arex ‘ 2, > 21> Za > Ze > Ze > [Ze 270] ‘ Rolon MoL | Z - Ion aa x-s]e Ares(ay | mor G@) ee ee as 4 ( war wa" 1 ma’ |e? ¢ q ware o2 Ba \“ 4 Kee 4 3 D- BO] ayy se) PTE Lae) PTE (ay bey 2) a0 [Se hobs EF Wy WL amet fete | ante sei i i em ls alqs” mort), Sun = 2 by? by” 36 ay $ \a ew ack i 65a ba? ? \2 ' 4 Beam A uniprn Bren (se = cosh. | metod=} by veg wie a Aogm aa constenk = * mmevhed A “4 a vexing depth ae os tontiord— die d lz CHARTER SHER STERES IN QERME ot Er) R= hen Lowce on Anes x~s]¢ A= orn above] betes me Bbre od which TC vs - Saas iene, Sees ol .Ye dfsranre ef cemtrdtd qh Area from NR: b= widtn of X-S}e whane Ts dv be codcuboded 4 q ge A | ee [ener monty | Yen “i ) OBO one Grearnk qbove tha Bore ( (Tx), i ( Gr by ; © Generalised wo? tor Ton vectanguior X-le 4 = Gy a e| Ws Ustonce g fiber \ror i bd? (s) VA. i d= dog. ( : Tay = Ky Cau disan X-Sfe or = Ky sv aoe Tan Hang | ‘ ° lw 3 a ‘ 2 ss »lw ° 2 2 wlw als wit «| ols oly |eTh CHAPTER TORCION ML CHEN STE 1S CET = phatheinls) + Te. B= 98 oe a NG et To a = Sheen omgle Is bse a e= Ve al twist . ony 4 S > ie ee 7 oO x Ld bx ¥ : . te be \6T 5 Ser aosa Xnelr _ wd* \et > low yellow Sofa rea) - o= > te & = GE = torsone! Snead eo”. x + fora ven X-s]e wneoe gy I ee Te ve \tK ee ee eS 7 Ze \eKe © + Siok Gm avies Brrr = Or O2 £8, ---- O,+ Snalis vu PoralteQ Te Try O= OO, Oa ar ares Ga, +n, Gs GT * Tapencd thelr Ores = 327M | sees Bdfas x ar a Vs zane aesatty | gg > oe, Bie ts coue Trae = VET 1 Tas MEL W Syren Weg CHARTER- PAYNCEAL LTREMES AOTRAINS Se Sey Ore eae Si wea aag nies Neer s ThaATy —» px Hartel Tae EL Grey eT eeagy en ty \ Locortion, “ Rernciped Planes sy tan(@ed = ATs > Ipr antag KoTy ns Gere = SKIT Ley a + For Gane firey provers th plane Tras Sa congidaned ose. Twa = lancyea GQ) [ose : 81D, C3) tes} os Ck Ree mace + AIL awaler org An be meammed {vom reference plane , veeronce geome & Va Bee ch CK 94 xm Bate,qt Doe mom's cirde for sive mohes arde foe Atria U d y » 5 d 5 d y 5 fae Sere [Errante | ’ Ye 5|& w) = (e-£y) « 6) z G » —— ewizod = 2s G2) > Ce ey Po. RelaHonsmh b)o Peinetpad tren B Petacipad strain » Ge & (i sheusess) d ree bg -leieen) » ; €,- L (G- woven) i : C; x : : xgTedsion for ye Om tens a Sr ae ’ we ECE toc.) eats » , Tee E x LEgrne, ’ . Qe ( *© Straka Rosette le Reclanqular Aivaly vosette a > Walt Atvain ~wosette cL we bellow cQqualtews (En, = Cee eg) + be. - Sy) Gohaed Ses Se) Quy above. equ do ured for _ C4, by Tey, [eeust, 9=6,us", av] Delle shoin resette [x= tc, o= 0, 66, 2 | Ben Atwain qosekre [x= wad, OFS, 1S, rue | ~~ © ~—na ana an AKA HOH A.0 => For tain analyg’s ANoln Sw omy, Bock saty Bee ans ¢ to Be Known , CHAPTER — TREDRIES OF Flee 4 ( L S.a0. TOE nen Bente ( Te | Maxlenwm Refind pol Stress Aneory [MEST | Raokines ory Be [Moximam shear sbeets Ineory. | MEST. Gust # Traca's trea 3. | Mosionwmy Goiadgel ghroin smears MPS | SE Vermnts theory Ca 4, |Toiad tavdia smengyy ‘ncors, TSET, | Retiqu's re ory, 5, Maximum Sistrctton ener MdET. | You- mise! i ” py Trenr \DET, : ~ e sk Moarluues Shean srotn, CrmngyTacory, eo1. MPST Y Rankine's ‘meer | 1 4 Se — > 2P,ar © Sos \ Sue a. Mss Ak & Trercads treo TL Quem & Treacads “the re | o. \ 2S al . age oh 6 -6),C.-6),(G-} 2 Sy Sue i. Tes Ywreaye < re? (vy SS \ 7 TF m7 te 0 Fo Hexagon ne cc 3. MPSET LF sk. venant sneer} . ae —_ a ey) N v, 6 Soot LL OFF for s=0-3 Rincon’ Soe \a aoe 4) TSET, LMotcie’s ‘neor§] < oe crear es Teg aulaa recy r as) 2($ 6 Se 2 N= oan Io Sye 2Cra) for 20.2 Vol 5) MRET, Lone misels ‘heey + on Suen) Head «aig oe Re (a “DE Vel. Ce Yara} HG yy G J) | Se = eesti ct _ Neve Po oe RunlTG Oe, +650)o Pad Sys Sy 2 Ge -Syp we ap Aorta rays” te ek = ye + Shabe ol hs Youn dooney Ono vabll for dudtle matertal) only. é *= mesy —y bead foe briarte rmateral Unda am ete Arves Condon MpeT —> Rest for Ductile material Lecaue V4 ves Aole amd economic dostgn Cmssr ofvex over Jee dogsyn) MSST SMDET — Mer Suitable \p« Muglre sori State Acres CHAPTER- COLUMNS. Leontyy, GATE] . lone, clumn {girs Meto bucking —3 Culer's ea © medium column > Cais dua to both 5 Rankines eque backing, & Ceuthingy © Ghert column > las dur bo Covaning,. + emnsons oq concider WL Hype a columns af \ Aus formuts, : Yer ules Luckiing Lead 7 R= 1 WET Mm, w= de end Gity welfiaed aé weet X= Qaugtr ey coelyicterd ein WT Qe KL : ve ss 1 — > when oufen dic dy Saw >. —* ko : = LEK — when Pres da Same Vee t oe aoe tt 1. Rx BRE |S fr | 7 pe fepa4 -f 2 Wem. 4 o- te 0 ye _ + Short column > Sito vnedinm lumn 3 20 <5 Sleo fe) for steels dong Column 3 S>\e0 ot) os aula CHAPTER — PRESWRE VESSELS Renkine’s Ra Ae >Re > tim vere . — > whic veed -29 wid #lo Min culindvica® Prema Veet €\= Eye IB (a-») a GLE ea go (iran) S eG ag at oe Sa Law a ee ) Eye SY Sep aw ay nore ) THICK cindefcal Presume verre Conty ESe) -(Ge We eae b ow 5, ames eq = ar a Consdants ane colculede d ‘ by boundary, enditionNeK COV wnder EP Te rensie | oe eg T= compremve abu Re Se emeanys _ ok - R&R j= -? ee THe Ginga TH. = Than ok x= R or x= Ce oe Rs G =o sy,2 8 Tan = Ger), T= Kan min © THB Oliva warimum at Smet Palace ———— ie = “mae = Gate + F : i, Gee mmm (GQ) = R= comtont Thick Sghaniced Rrewun Veared - Gs ®e -a.4 2b <3 T= Arb =