SLEVIN AAO TCM The Practical Guide to Contemporary (gan SEM PEMIR Ce cee Me oesscston in Today's ChinaNee UP Gea D4 From the side of the Si to the edge, the Chinese language as Tienemuete en acu cuukeaus alleys of China. With the help of Streetwi the frequently used idioms, colloquialisms, and slang currently used by Chinese speakers from all walks of life. The accompanying audio recordings include thirty dialogues performed by native speakers that bring the language of the streets alive Pe eR es an Ram Cee ST ERC A ese eM eee Me MEPeaee ata aces SRR UCR Ur RT uci un Ta) Pee cd See UEC east Ce eu Rar en eC Sener Une Cmte ne amen eT SC eC CR aac aire Mamita old Milne mart Ce (a eT DoE shud da hua DeToBV-10) bragging, boasting Tiere dsr-lailx-( See oie DO este sha ji géi hour kan Cr RUE Kene Ocal Coot or mM ea ol Rede Sog ones elite ysl valcOn a) someone (literally, to kill the Roel aoe chicken to frighten the monkey) Cone ae fee ena meme ect RA OnE CT reece Ee CU eee aac Serer MOPS Wes) Ce aC eee A Leo Ce een ea arene 51895 $18.95 USA ag £11.99 UK ee Do enero ra folate 1 etololSTREET CHINESE Speak and Understand Everyday Mandarin RONGRONG LIAO, PH.D. DAVID Y. Dal JACK PRANKE, PH.D. a New York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi San juan Seoul Singapore Sydney TorontoCopyright © 2009 by Rongrong Liao, David Y. Dai, and Jack Franke. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. 123456789 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 DOC/DOC 098 ISBN 978-0-07-147489-4 (book and CD set) MHID — 0-07-147489-7 (book and CD set) ISBN. 978-0-07-147490-0 (book atone) MHID 0:07-147490-0 (book alone) Library of Congress Control Number: 2005937445 McGraw-Hill books are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions or for use in corporate training programs. To contact a representative, please visit the Contact Us pages at www.mhprofessional.com. MP3 Disk The accompanying disk contains MP3 recordings of all 30 Conversations in Streetwise Mandarin Chinese, as well as the vocabulary lists in each chapter. These files can be played on all MP3 players. For optimum use on the iPod: 1, Open iTunes on your computer. 2. Insert disk into computer and open via My Computer. 3. Drag folder "Copy to iTunes Music Library” into Music in the iTunes menu. 4, Sync your iPod with iTunes and eject iPod. 5. Locate recordings on your iPod by following this path: Main menu: Music Music menu: Artists Artist menu: Streetwise Chinese: By Chapter (for conversations and vocabulary items) Streetwise Chinese: Vocab A-Z (for alphabetical ordering by pinyin of all vocabulary items) Note: Conversation scripts (Simplified, Traditional, English) can be located on the Lyric screen, if your iPod model has this feature. This book is printed on acid-free paper.Contents IMtrOdUctiOn .......essssccsscesssesssceseeesecessecssesseeeseeneessseesusseessenssnsnes vii BLADE IL, BR RRAE F/B BE EPR 28 WK BIS J LOR Greeting people * Asking how they are ¢ Saying how you feel « Addressing each other RE Qo ceceeeseesseee eee 22 HRI AAR, WOE) LIAS ) La Be aS / Complaining * Envy, Admiration 2 42 Grumbling ¢ Teasing FRE A ee ceceseeseseeseeeeseeneanene +60 ARAREAS AAEM EY ID Gossiping * Disbelief * Opinions on character BRE .S. +15 86 ne A LEBEL LS / wae LE Tr Making friends with a girl « Flattering a girl « Self-introduction * Expressing love and affection -. BRE .6. Xft 2 SF Acclaiming; praising; commending « Being proud of something * Showing affection BOE MB .7 MET ADL, MLB AE PAE AB Tw 36 LAD ANE CR Asking and giving directions ¢ Saving from getting lost * Asking for a person * Expressing gratitude * Making modest remarks * Making a friendvi CONTENTS BRIAR, We IG fe P/HA ZEA, Issuing orders * Making a request BIUBE 9 cece SRT! (OMAR PUT Bargaining ® Complacency TF MERRIE ATT ANE BRIT Betting * Arguing * Boasting * Bragging SRE LTD cesssssssscccesssunsnneccccnssnsnssssssseeenssusssssssseeees 226 BEAU SABE LL LEE A, ZRH Taking a trip * Throwing a party BoM 12. .. 250 xD BERRA T O/C AT LETT AT AER Worry * Persuading, advising * Encouraging * Convincing, reasoning BSH .13 USAMA IR 1 2/ AES AAT AE fs BI Blaming * Criticizing * Explaining We .14.. seseeeeeeee 300 jie RIGA IB LTE) RA — KIERO Getting angry * Advising * Comforting BtHE 15.. AIR? [KEE BET Quarrelling 5A tH RME AP AR - 186 + 206, Index 1 ... Index 2 .. Index 3 .. Index 4 ..Introduction This book is for students who have completed one to two years’ Chinese learning. The explanatory notes and vocabulary lists in the book also help students with relatively limited Chinese background to read the book and enjoy colloquial expressions and deeper culture that are not displayed in basic Chinese textbooks. Immediately after students start to talk with native Chinese people, they will hear informal colloquial expressions. Although each word is familiar, they don’t understand the whole meaning of the expression and don’t know how to use it. These colloquial expressions are slang; they are familiar to their Chinese users and are used by them to replace well-known conventional synonyms. Just as English, where we encounter many expressions in popular culture, there are many manifestations of slang in Chinese. These can include sayings from folklore of China’s rich historical and cultural background, local dialects, jargon, argot, and obsecenity. Once a student has mastered the basics, she can add slang to sound more native-like. Fortunately, Chinese is vast in the amount of slang, and many expressions can be used at the right time and place. It is important to note that register plays an important role in the Chinese language. Once you go beyond expressions, such as ILZE or Fi Bil (“at the present”), a student might learn terms such as 2 F or IX4ESK JL (“at the present”). It is paramount that you understand the underlying meaning, and whether the slang term is informal, neutral, or vulgar, Were you to use these terms in the wrong context, this could result in a misunderstanding, at the best, and socio-cultural breakdown, at the worst. It is always better to err on the side of caution. Most expressions that are explained in this book are used with high frequency by speakers of all subcultures, such as 2....jHt... (“Do viiviii INTRODUCTION whatever you like.”) and ...4 J (‘Just ....”). The authors have chosen to include few taboo expressions; however, we have provided some cultural notes on obscenities. In addition, you can find additional documents on the CD to further enhance your knowledge. All of the dialogues, as well as the vocabulary, can also be found in CD-format and mp3 formats on the CD. One feature of the book is that we have explained and used in exercises more than 80% of level 3 and level 4 colloquial items listed in the Outline of Chinese Proficiency Level and Grammar Level (SQW 7K FE Beet 5 EAEAEBAK YD), which was drawn up by the office of China's central government that is in charge of teaching Chinese as a foreign language (IAL ID). The layout of the book is as follows: Chapter and conversations. There are fifteen chapters, each of which contains two conversations and focuses on certain functions in language. Slang entries are highlighted in the conversations. Simplified and traditional characters. All conversations are printed first in simplified characters and then in traditional char acters. English translation. English translation of each conversation is provided. Explanatory note (ia]i#/E#£). After the English translation of each conversation, slang entries are briefly explained, and example sentences are provided with English translation. Vocabulary list (iJ). 2). In each chapter, a vocabulary list for the two conversations is provided after the explanatory notes of the second conversation. Exercises (4f>J) and Answer keys (#38). In each chapter, ex- ercises and answer keys are provided after the vocabulary list. Culture notes. One culture note is provided at the end of each chapter. Slang Indexes. Two slang indexes are provided at the end of the book. Each index contains 570 slang entries that are sorted byINTRODUCTION ix pronunciation and by the corresponding chapter. There are two other indexes that contain the 48 slang entries that occur in the book Outline of Chinese Proficiency Level and Grammar Level (WX BAC SBOE 5 REGARD. We hope that Streetwise Mandarin Chinese will help students better understand Chinese people's daily spoken language and be able to express themselves in more natural Chinese. eee PU RBA AAA RNA We would like to thank Frank T. Dai who translated all conversations in the book from Chinese to English and edited explanatory notes in 12 chapters. ‘We would also like to thank the assistance of the following individuals from the Monterey Institute of International Studies for their support in voicing the CD: Dean Chuanyun Bao, Xiaoyan Shen, Ziyun Xu, and Yunhua Zhang.CHINESESH 1. BLADE) L, ELF WB Be FE PRS HK BIS) LIK ae GREETING PEOPLE . ASKING HOW THEY ARE . SAYING HOW YOU FEEL . ADDRESSING EACH OTHER [CONVERSATION A: Simplified ESE HS iE LB) T EEA EEA ESC. BAL — SLT T LOK. Zw: BAPE, LE BEWAS? ESCH: WO, SAF! BG, ABBA SR. Ei: EARS T, epee me? ESC: HEE, HEME. OH, KATIE RAKR w! ES: RLY, RAK ZA AK RY! 21: GREETING PEOPLE 3 RPE FE PRS BIS J LSE MB? ci: what wind blew you here?") Welcome! (to a friend or familiar person.) (See page 8) At the mall, Li runs into Wang, who is working there. The two start chatting right away. Li: Wang: Li: Wang: Ma’am, are you working? Hey, it’s Lin! Look at me, I didn’t even recognize you. It’s been forever since I’ve seen you. Are you doing well? Good, good. My, you’ve grown up; you're so pretty now! ‘What are you talking about, I’m nowhere near as pretty as your daughter Yun.4 RH EXCH: IE, PRUE IE? 75: BUIBPEJL, BOR RBI. He J LR PE HWE IRCA, EBB. ESSE: PRL ALERT REAR, MIR, SEE AR FANE — Pe) LIRR, Bat %. ZH: FT, BDRM, Ub whee 47 Traditional ZEKE TA 4 UE LB T TEE SS LEE SCRE. PLAN ~ LAI T AR. AEM: Balwe, LSE? EXCH: WAFER ABBR IR. ZH: REALL T ERE A? EN: HOU, HEMT. WL TOE KAT NS KE tT! AE: WAR FMB {82K Se Sh 7K SE | EXC: WL AEE IB? ZESk: -BUAR BRL DORR. Hf 5c ha PE be RR EBA. ESCH: Meh F EPR ARIE I, AR, BSR DEN — SR FRR, Bais 2: FT, Bet allt ave As HT Ha.1: GREETING PEOPLE 5. Wang: Well, how’s your mother? Li: Same old, same old, busy everyday doing god knows what. She mentioned you yesterday, said she’s going to come shopping here and drop by to see you. Wang: You tell her to come over sometime next week. You come too — we can get together after shopping, my treat. Li: Okay, I'll pass it on to her, and tell her to call you. — ++ WER WB), FESS WH (18) [you] Hey!) This is an interjection that expresses surprise. IMC] and ILI have a similar function. For example, 1, “| tH Ram! BLUE DAW th ABKWE. “Hey, Xiaoming is here too. | thought he wouldn’t come, and I was wrong,” BK, PRU. ABW... “I couldn’t even ....” This is a pattern for emphasizing something in a negative form. For example, thiiGAtR, Bes YEVTTE AE. “She speaks so fast, I couldn't even hear clearly. ” BABI T , CHEM Ee BEA BI Use either HF AYLI or HAAS WL, which means: “J haven't seen you for a long time.” The expression is used in greeting people and is usually followed by questions asking how they are. For example, 1 AVS, BARE PE? EAB ALG? “Long time no see. How have you been recently? Are you still as busy as before?”BH WEA TELNET , Cea I? BELEN “How is... 2” This expression is often used with a greeting and shows consideration for the listener or other people. For example, (6-324 3 HOEY 1 IL BI PEG AAT TM? ft A] AGHEAE HIME? “Did you see your sister and her family when you were visiting Beijing? How are they?” HAKAN, KAKRT! EKA “A girl's appearance changes fast” This is a fixed ex- pression, often used with a positive comment on a girl’s appearance as she changes from childhood to adulthood. The number 1 /\ literally “eighteen,” refers to the pace or degree of the change. For example, ERR, BEKGMRABET , EKA) AB! “T haven't seen Yunyun for two years, and she has become such a beauty! No wonder people say that a gir’s appearance changes fast.” HECK) KAKRT! IKR (RK [ling] clever; sharp) This word is used for describing girls and is a colloquial form of “bright and beautiful.” For example, IB) KEK ILR AES AK Fil! “That little girl is so pretty!” PIL, BAABAAAK RYE! RK JLIBT Here it conveys a modest expression: “No” or “I am not as pretty as you said.” In general, !f ) LMS] is often used as a re- sponse to others that shows disagreement, meaning “No” or “It’s not like what you said.” For example, 1545 fi): «fx WL the” AIL ib: OB) LB, BRB LMI Ath, Bea WL Ab AR. “The mother asks: “You met him before?” The daughter says: “No, I never met him. I have only seen his picture?”1: GREETING PEOPLE 7 RAPIL, MAME. PRABEEIL “1c’s just like that,’ “so-so,” or “nothing special.” It is often followed by further explanation. For example, {HWF, BRIBEE Jb, ER ALT LAGE LYFERK. “He is just like that; what he is interested in is playing games online.” BARREL, ARB. BBMECSF (HF [xia] blind) This is a colloquial form of “bustle with- out plan or purpose.” For example, (FIX 44 +A FMF? {this FEXKEIL AE. “What's the use for him to do that? He just likes to be busy for no good reason.” WHE) Lt 8 eS HS Rt 38... RF This is a colloquial pattern meaning that something has happened relatively recently. For example, 722 HIE AB 47 HLTH RAG. “He only called me last week.” BEER ILRLA -E....3R A colloquial form for “come to ....” The similar pattern, £...H&, means:*go to ....” For example, {th EMA MARR? “Has he ever come to our home?” #6 Eth ANY? “Have you ever been to her house?” Pm Lea BAL FEBR SR R BRASAYAR A colloquial form for “to find the time.” For example, HEAT BS ERS SAR SHS PE? “How about we find a time to visit her next month?” KFC PHAR) LR FRR CB [ja] get together) A colloquial way to say “to get together.” For example, HA {/]Mi% TE RIL. “We should get together more often.”8 HE + FT, VR $F “All right.” or “it’s OK” For example, 22 #47 VF AMA TEER ABA, (LUE{T. “I told him that we might ask him for help, and he said that it’s OK” [CONVERSATION B: Simplified KARA UES. X-AKAWRA SALE PME, MBIT eu. FyAz IL: FEAL, PERUSE ARS PR BIIR JLIRMB? SAT EK TAL. IAI: OY, EAE! REE! IRIAN, te NET! ThAP iL: CESK LIE IL T U6 ANY GK? FRAT: FSERE)LEABAKJLA. 1A RMT) LPR HERE, 36 NEMA? ARATE ERS, FRB BE SASAKI LY Os HA # JL! FRAT: ABH BN? Sil: BSAA. NYSE, BIH NYT (6, HAGE. ZEBRA kB. BA:1: GREETING PEOPLE 9 TAHA: FB, CER ILENE BRAY FTA BATE AE MY UAB JL, KEN “AEF” , Me SAL: ARVN, RM! Zhang and Ma are from the same village and are both working in Beijing. They haven't seen each other for a long time. Today, Zhang runs into Ma at Ma’s workplace. Ma: Manager Zhang, what wind blew you here? You sure are a busy man. Zhang: Little Quang, it’s you! I was wondering who it was! ‘What is this “Manager Zhang,” stop kidding around! Ma: These days who wouldn’t call you Manager Zhang when they see you? Zhang: Those are the folks at work. We're old buddies. Why do we have to call each other those things? Ma: After all, you are a manager, I can’t call you by your nickname in front of everyone! Zhang: What's there to be afraid of? Ma: No matter what, we have to call you something. “Mister” sounds awkward; “Master” doesn’t fit. The only thing left is Manager Zhang. Zhang: Fine, over here you can call me whatever you want! But I’m still going to call you by your nickname, still “Little Quang,” OK? Ma: Of course, go ahead!10 383 Traditional BAERS A SE TIMB. Se GReA A = L E HERE MBI T BS AGEL: FRM, BIEURLIE Pree Biel FER? AT TAT: aH te TATA: : FAA ei. OEE, | AYE KGL KEK. AF, EVE! RARE! EGRABTRASHN, REET ! + TEARRR SRE DL TURAN GRAS? 2 ASSES LABIA. UA EH Sea RENT, 1 SLY ies 2 » WAKE EM, ROE SAB FAN Os HYD 5b! ABI TT RERS ? 4a, AS ra. ERR AR is ate 8. GRAS: FB, Cede en BOY FP PREY FE! TIE MY Px % Fe, HEM ee” M2 Spaz PBBRN, AEM | [Late / Notes + FEAL, SE RIE PRK BYIX J LOR UA? ..-44 (EX [z5ng] general manager; chief) This is an abbreviated form of the title “Chief ....” For example, 5{.§4, “Chief Zhang,”1: GREETING PEOPLE 11 could be the abbreviated form of the title 3K. 24! “General Manager Zhang,” or 3K deh _TFEJifi “Chief Engineer Zhang” TK AS, BRE FE SS BIR J LIMA? TAB EE SES RS We BIR J LIOR Literally, “What wind blew you over here?” This is a fixed expression that means: “How come I meet you here?” with the connotation: “I did not expect to meet you here: This expression is used between acquaintances, showing a little feeling of surprise. For example, 3 4H, BE RE KZA WK BI IL ii? USANA A AST 4? “Hey, Zhang Ming, what wind blew you over here? I heard that you went to Japan. Is it true?” UAT EAR AL ‘FY... “Very ... "In this pattern, HJ conveys the emphasis on the following words. For example, JS JLA TT RS. “There are so many people.” BF, EMF! REM! B4FLHEWE (24 [dang] thought) Literally,“I was wondering who this is.” This is a fixed expression often used after the speaker realizes who the person in question is. For example, £4 "4 HEWE! ROR AMMA! “Oh, it’s him! I was wondering who this is.” RAKE, RT! 3B... ...B9 (IE [hai] even) “Even say ...” One of the usages of is to express feeling. In this pattern, “...” refers to other person’s words, and the reduplicated form of “...” works together with & to show feeling. In the expression B9K AA 9K AS HY, the feeling is “unexpected,” and the connotation is:“You shouldn’t be so polite. 1 am flattered.” In the following example, the pattern is used to ex- press the feeling of inpatience. BHAT HWA, PRR LAT AS 4. “You are even saying don’t hurry. Why don’t you hurry up?”12. ie + BIKER, PRET! HILT GE [dou] tease) “Don’t tease me.” For example, IBA WI FGE EIA? FEZ T . “You want to swim in such cold weather? Come on, don’t tease me.” + RRS LIE T RAY TK A? FX4ESL ESA [nidntdul days, times) IRAE SK or ALE “These days” or “those days.” The expression usually contains a negative connotation. For example, XE ABA Bt, HK BE SHAT UL! “These days gas is so expensive, why don’t you cancel the trip?” + ABRETEILEABHILA FBUKJLA. (4K [hud] group, crowd, band) Also IXtKA. This is a colloquial form for “the group of people.” Sometimes 1k JL contains negative connotation. For example, BAKA GE MBL 2 “Where does this band of guys come from?” + HEE) LER ET YEBRYEVF Literally, “We, the buddies, who is talking to whom?” HEBREW or HEER HENS is usually put after HET “we.” HE “the two of us,” or HA AEA] JL “the buddies,” and this expression means:“Look how close we are, we don’t need this!” “With the close relationship we have, there is no need to do this.” For example HELPER, RAS FH (TER MBL! “We are such good friends; you don’t need to pay for this!” + ERMA XM In context, % stands for “become popular” or“encourage.” KX NY3X74* means: “How could we go in for this sort of address?” With1: GREETING PEOPLE 13 this meaning, % could be used with either positive or negative con- notation and in rhetorical questions. For example, SWLZE IESMIX4. “That all the vogue now.” 3% J LAN 1K 4#f! “People don't wear long skirts here.” WAKE ETE KY “At the very least.” For example, AHA tHE MEK. “His status is at least that of class leader.” IX K)\FE—4 “In any event, this is a deal.” SQUIB BE AEA AK LM PRED JL! 2439... “In front of ...”;“in one’s presence.” For example, $R7S AG 478 th BAB AE “I don’t want to talk about that in her presence.” Ux HIER AE 4 Fi KABA RIN, PEA BIE WE? “I paid you back in front of everybody. How could you deny it?” BATA Ke This is a rhetorical question, meaning “It doesn’t matter.” For ex- ample, (RAE Dik ANS Im? ABT Zs 2 Be He MEAT tEAEVEKE. “Are you saying that she doesn’t want to join us? It doesn’t matter. We can do well without her.” BEAWAA TUK. FBG ABA colloquial form for “no matter what.” In this pattern, FEE means “in any case,” and the words after tH, refer to the consequence or result. For example, 4/8 Vit, 48-2! “You have to go no matter what happens!14 BH + MUSE AE, BE SHEA (HIFH [bieniu] uncomfortable, awkward) HFH. isa collo- quial word for “uncomfortable” or “awkward.” For example, {l4> RIAEAIEA HEN? FETE HEE ULL? “Why is he in a bad mood? Is he angry with someone?” + TERA Ist. JERR (FF [dé] have to) Both I and Ik convey the emphasis of the following word 4, “have to.” For example, 3&7 J LHETE, FAT JEREZ. “Nobody else can do this job; I have to do it.” © BERLE (Ama. 4% ({dé]) A colloquial form to indicate approval or prohibition, used when ending a statement. For example: 44, HIKAD. “All right! Just go ahead.” 74, ill FFE J. “That's enough. Let it go at that.” + LEILA RMIT. ...h... A colloquial pattern to express “do whatever you like.” ..”'is usually a verb or a verbal phrase, it; is optional. For ex- ample: ez, KANE. “Go ahead if you want, | do not care? KR — FPR, REE ARIA. “Here is a hun- dred dollars for you, and you can buy whatever you like.” © Mh, IB? HB} (life) (4) ch) This is an interjection that is used to ask opinions or to question closely. For example, KAR MBAKERE T , Mif2 “So you won't go tomorrow, eh?” + PBN, fe AO! FRBEVLAY “Needless to say.” “naturally” “of course.” For example,1: GREETING PEOPLE 15 ABE WL, IX AERIVIAHLAT. “No problem, it’s what I should do.” + ABELL OR! JAR A colloquial form for “Feel free to ...”;“don’t hesitate to ...”; or “by all means.” For example, (RALBUTA RE bi. “Feel free to say anything you want to say.” BESRUREE MK, UR EF UF J. “Don't hesitate to buy it since you like it” #KAEF-F FZ. “Go ahead by all means.” —-_— [[vocasuLary wD shangching market; bazaar LSE shangban go to work; on duty ig liéo chat Bal 8 ayi aunt or auntie (the form to call either mother’s sister or a woman who is about the mother’s age) MG ARE shiinbian conveniently; in passing ALF Hibai week we qingké treat (at one's own expense) AS tongxiing a person from the same hometown dinwéi unit (as an organization) banshi handle affairs; work Fae Bl) péngdio meet unexpectedly; run into $A miangrén busy person AE] zan we (including both the speaker and the listener)16 PH SMIVJL — gémenr brothers; buddies; pals Yi fe shifu master worker 4 JL xiiomingr childhood name —— [LEXERCISES A. Fill in the spaces with the appropriate words or phrases: BERG MILT 8) see BRR 1 evi — EFT) L? BURA BA. 2 ALR TT, METIS WET, PREM. 3 PEPER LNT, EUR HE BEE RE 4 UATTEBAE BME ASO? BOT RTT. 5 PRE SHE Ae? AT ? 6 WA BAT LIE AY IN Te ABBA? EK : 7 ABS Rr OR AE, KALA B. Choose the expression from the following list that best corresponds to the underlined words or phrases: WABI RAREL ABER KR PRR ERROR ATI 1 ERA, BBM — 7 EK9 1: GREETING PEOPLE 17 2 RUS WORUK, MEZA it le] —BR Lee, 3 JIA A RT, BAPE? AF I? 4 BITE UE, ART AE HM LAN EH. 5 PILAR HE TR, BA AEAR MLR AS HOR T 6 AGAIN ER AAR Le, 7 EASES BR ESL, RIE. Fill in the spaces with the appropriate words or phrases: FEA WET EB MAKI MO BEML UBM HEH REV Ky 1 EATER BAR, U8 FIX PIE RIE. 2 BRIA F, efi de BAT ZRE. 3 fh HER THK, OAR DAT NALA. 4 UBL A? KR UL. 5 SM RAE FER BEM BEEN! 6 RA BERS, BEI IT. 7 ARATE AMBER, ORAL 8 MET EMPEKT, BREST. 9 WEAMA RA? FRR ULI AN! 10 BEE, 1K RAIL, MR, BILE ML. 1 245, FOUR BI ) LIK? BABE A SLAEUKT18 HE D. Choose the expression from the following list that best corresponds to the underlined words or phrases: TMT AY PRIDE ZR TIA Ra YHRASA IBBIN REL WHAT @ AGHA PDE, OBE A AE Be DLS SLE HZ MRT, Ci Teo JL RY 3 ARAN, 4, BRUHN. ARAL AL, OAL ES, BOAT, BBR MPES? AGU, MELEE HEOT bs WE UB, WA nn oo a 7 MAMI LE, HERB T 8 ALATAESRA TT? MBE Ae, HAAN Pn. 9 UREA LERR A BN TAL BT BR BR AB ESE? 10 IX RCE LN A, RT LIL TLANswer KEY 1: GREETING PEOPLE 19 Exercise A (Dialogue 1) OB ) LAB 4) FR T BEE TL oe BER GB...) Exercise B (Dialogue 1) IKR BENITA BARR BRABREIL EKA MORE (ABUL...) ERROR CE...) Exercise C (Dialogue 2) Nau ewone Nauk One ye % 1 2 ER (a) 3K» 4 Mi 5 Hild 6 Ae T 7 RARE 8 FAL 9 UARKI GB......A9) 10 RAMBIL (B...w...) 11 BRE RL CARE RE ARES OK BUX LIM) Exercise D (Dialogue 2) ERE IRAE tt RE ABBE ABAKA ESET ABA AH BAPRASA (AF...) 10 WHAT ...T) CamIdanevne20 RE [GREETING AND ADDRESSING: 44 "F 49 Ki Some linguists think that greeting people properly is one of the most complex things to learn when learning Chinese, not only because of its diversification, but also because of its rapid change. Generally speaking, there are several types of greeting in China today. The first type is addressing: greeting people by name, by title, or by family member or relative. This type of greeting is usually used among acquaintances. Although addressing by full name is OK, it is seldom used among acquaintances. Usually people call each other either by first name or by last name by adding a “24” (elder or old), if he or she is younger, or “/]” (younger or little), if he or she is older, before the last name, such as &% or /|\#X. Another way of addressing is calling by profession, post, or official post title: such as 3K 1 (Factory Director Zhang); KEE (Manager Zhao); ALF (Professor Li); BE AE (Doctor Jin), etc. The third way of addressing is using the family member or relative terms, even by strangers: Kf (elder brother), K HE (elder sister), K 4 (elder sister-in-law), ALAN/ AF (uncle), Bil (aunt), 4449 (grandfather), 444 (grandmother), etc. When addressin, an acquaintance, the last name could be added in front of the term: BE, FW. The second type of greeting is asking questions. Friends or acquaintances will ask some questions to show their concern or caring, such as PZ T 4? (Have you eaten yet?) FI) Hf JL? (Where are you going?) or F-¢+2 Mb? (What are you doing?) Although in question format, these are really more greeting than question. Other questions are possible: HVEA: ANH? (Are you busy recently?) 1 AQ EEF ALI UME? (How are your father and mother?) #85 ICE ANA, SEAS IK I? (How come you don’t look well, are you sick?), etc. Generally speaking, the closer the relationship, the more personal the question. Affected by foreign influence, quite a few city people, especially intellectuals, like to use English style Chinese to greet each other, such as §L_E #F1(Good morning!) or even “PREF1: GREETING PEOPLE 21 N32” (How are you?). However, most Chinese are still not used to this kind of greeting, Even so, (KF! (Hi!, Hello! or How do you do?) is increasingly popular, especially for foreigners in China. The third type of greeting is contextual talking: what the other party has done, is doing, or is going to do. For example, seeing a friend coming back from shopping, one would say AR PEA T ? (You did some shopping?) Seeing an acquaintance going to school, one would say 4 2? (Going to school?) Seeing each other in the early morning, people will say £444! (You are early!) or simply #! (Early!) to each other. These seemingly meaningless contextual remarks are a very common way of greeting.BRAC HR. HS) LIER) La Be BLA COMPLAINING ° Envy, ADMIRATION [CONVERSATION A: Simplified ZEAE i Te TLR EE LPENROD DEPRAET NIWG SLAC, BR AES ARRA. =: HE, UR RICA RSE LE A! cs Bie, (033 Ret GEN? FEA AN Jb? E: REF, SAVER FEAR? PRR IPE. MAL WY): “ARIK ACHR, RJR JLARE, eas AELIB JLY? 222: COMPLAINING; ENVY, ADMIRATION 23 DB LB LER BEAT cit: everywhere of the body is exposed.) It so skimpy. Li is in the mall chatting with Wang, who works there. Wang is friends with Li’s mother, and knows Li well. Wang: Hey, I like what you’re wearing! Li: Ma’am, are you telling the truth? Or do you not like the way I look? Wang: Child, what are you talking about? Li: How can I not know you? You're just like my mom. All she does all day long is nag: “Look at this, it’s so skimpy, it’s even showing your belly button!”24 Poe ZE: m L r Traditional AT, OT, PRE ARAB? BUR Ms WRT AR RE, My RRA SS, BRB LACH Jui. HST, RMT ILT ML, AS MEAR, ATTA IOUT MLM me OE a Re RAMRET! KEWELL, LEBRIMT. FUG TT FEUB IL T , HS J LR AEF IB IG! Pe RIREHLLT! ECE TA 0 Fei Bp RE PR TE ZEAE EERE CRT E CHE FREI UWE FEI AC, PRAIA RA. EXE: EM: WE, URS ELH! BK, Cs EMR? EAE SR 5a? : EGF, 5 aa? ERB —ER. MH AGE SEACH, OLS LAR BER, 12 » FT, AT, WR SHIGE A RAR RE Bae RETA — BR, MURAI SS, BK SLES RIE. BST, RAMAN GE TR.WER Wang: Li: Wang: Li: Wang: Eu: EM: 2: COMPLAINING; ENVY,ADMIRATION 25 Now, now, don't judge everyone the same way, okay? I'm not like your mom at all. She sits in an office all day; I stand here all day. You see something a lot, and it starts looking nice. Well, good for you, there are times you like what you see! If only my mom were like this too! Go drag her out to the mall; she'll get used to it once she sees it often enough. My mom is so stubborn; you think she’s as open- minded as you are? Now don’t you flatter me! AGT, AGIA T AR SAR! BOO BB A EERE! EMR: MSRM GE, SHARERT. FRE AT ECHR TS 5S HF ESCH: RGA TR ET! fixe BES at» HL GF “One's innermost thoughts and feelings.” For example, ERNE, RAAT D Be AER ME UE T . “She is my good friend, and I have spoken my mind to her.” Pi His, PRELFEHES WMH. “To tell you the truth, I really like her.”26 Po + RAREAAAIRL AR MBHE JIGHE means “pleasing to the eye.” ANJA means “be offensive to the eye,” “be an eyesore.” For example, XA AK, HK RATE AIG. “The more I look at the clothes, the more I feel that they’re offensive to my eye.” + BEF, BAER: 48 VETER? “How could you speak in this way?” This is a rhe- torical question that is used to criticize the attitude of the speaker, or criticize how the speaker conducts himself or herself. This is the kind of criticism usually used by elders to younger people, or be- tween close friends. For example, HK, 4 FRERYS BE 1 AB? “Look at you, how could you talk to your Mom this way?” + hh AL J ([daodao]) “Talk on and on;” “chatter away.” For example, ITEAKARM YY TER. “The old woman talked to him on and on for a long time.” + GAA, BL) LAR BRS BLE LBB... “Anywhere is ....” BE JLIBBJL is a colloquial expression for “anywhere” or “everywhere.” For example, 3X} F755) LOB J LAB AE A Ml? “Why are there people every- where at this place?” © BT. GT, WEI AMA ae 44T “That's enough.” “That's that.” This is a colloquial expres- sion to show prohibition. For example, 44 I, HINAWETE TS. “That’s enough. Don’t keep chatting.” + MEBRIGE AMA Re BABI “Old ways of looking at things; ” “old views.” For ex-2: COMPLAINING; ENVY, ADMIRATION 27 ample, WEARS CARICA Wh? MERA AT ANF “How could you still judge her by what she used to be? She has changed.” APEC A BAR Re RAR BR AM is a colloquial form for “OK” ANAM means “Is it OK?” For example, PAI] JL 2s OAS A? “Will it be alright if we go there earlier?” SEIT, OA AMT AR LATE A WEAF “Really capable”; “very competent”; “really terrific.” For ex- ample, & A % HJ LAMM TEM? ELT. “He has completed so much work. He is great.” FW BEY ABIX A BEE T | SEE... RFT This pattem is used to express wish in a subjunctive mood: “I wish ....” “It would be nice if.....” BERL, “6” is often shor ened to 3 in colloquial form. For example, #i{) SEER BRAT IAS JBUBUBRAE T . “1 wish that we had vacation at the same time.” FRU BEB AERA RR T! JXAR “Like this”; “this way.” For example, BIKA #, Hs FAR BYA FER. “In that case, let’s come again tomorrow.” 3X Z, 4 is often used in imperative sentences. For example, XA A, REA, UTE LBA. “Let's do it this way: Pll go pick him up, and you just wait for us here.” BS AT FE ARIL BEASEB A colloquial expression for “stubborn” or “be set on one’s purpose.” For example, FREM]—R ILE HB SME, FETA, MEME MLA? GIFEARIL T | “Come and watch a movie with us. Why should you worry about homework? Don’t be stubborn.”28 Ho + ROS ) LARS FAB IF! FYE A colloquial expression: “have a quick mind.” For exam- ple, ii Fie, Ath tt AE ER. “He has a quick mind; let’s see if he has any good ideas.” + RAAT AGL! WORTHEL “Platter”; “lay it on thick.” For example, EWI ASB ARCA JL. “He is fond of flattery from others.” {HE WAGES HEL. “He is always ready to flatter other people.” [CONVERSATION B: Simplified /\ ETE AE 5 EG T 7. INE: ADE, AB BRT EMAL? Ae: 1, BIZERUZP PLE T SORA. RR, BK AIR EBTE EE T ANE: UREA! URE IS BE, ERR ABR BUR! 2B: URAR EAH FREE TG? SAL PEM. ANE: WSF, BRAT BEE LAR RRA REIL. UBS RPBERMUNY, B32 FE AEA PR — AE Lt RT. WB: BHAT AAA AED. ANE: 1, ARDEA T —T SALT, 1G BU ARAN LB?Wang run Wang: Li: Wang: Li: 2: COMPLAINING; ENVY,ADMIRATION 29 HS AE BE IRE RRB Ne? IANA _E-MBA 2 BLA AE? AST PRT. (RA, BIX—iash, KERB, CEB RBAT. KAP H, RABAT. ABA. RIERA T , EAT AA AB nz —RULAPFAEH. ABWIZAS, Weg iE? BA RAF WEA RIES T , WTB AE WEE JUTE! BAIL, MILA AGAR! ABIL, AR ta ERLE, NLDA, KA HEE Ok. IFALWUA, MEERAT, SLRS KIA. Al ERB BUNA a Ft Zs LIEBE, FRU LAW POR. BIR L, RE aE ACR ILAT , BRR. s into Li in the gym. Li, all done with the workout? Yeah, I ran on the treadmill for thirty something minutes. See, got sweat all over my clothes. Man, you're good. You're so fit, and you still come to work out every day! Didn't you start, too? Work out some more and you'll be like this, too.30 FI Wang: Li: Wang: Wang: Li: Wang: Wang: ‘Aw, how can I be like you? You're like a fashion model. If I can get halfway there I’ll be happy. Working out is always better for the body. Oh, tell me why, after working out for over a week, I’m not slimming down? How can you slim down just like that? Have you been working out for a couple of months at least? It takes that long? That's not good. See, once I started exercising, not only did I not lose any weight, but my appetite’s getting bigger. If this goes on, I’m afraid that the more I work out the fatter I'll get. ‘That won't happen. When you exercise more, you can eat a little more to recover energy. As long as you don’t eat too much, how can you gain weight when you work out more? Sometimes I think I might as well go on a weight loss program. I heard you can lose a few pounds a day! That's impossible. There’s nothing that fast! If you go, they'll also keep telling you to work out. Plus they will make you eat less, and only then will you lose weight. And after you leave, if you stop working out, you'll gain it all back. So that’s why our neighbor goes to a weight loss program every so often, and I didn’t see him getting any skinnier. If that’s how things are, I will exercise patiently and save myself from paying for a program.Traditional DEAE ED i PGE GL T De. ADE: NR, ABS EM? ANE: UB, BUTERA RE LAT SRAM. PR, BK AAR ABITIR T ANE: UELAT! (AEA ERE, ASB, ARK SR SBR! ANE: URAL BAO Te & aT te BR, ADE: WF, RATER ABER. PPR, BREE AEA I =F SBS RY. W248: BOBS BS Aer ae pt ANE: WL, PRR ABT SABIE T , GE BASE AAR LB? NE: UB RERUN? HAAS LABIA? NE: BOS EAUE? AGRA T . UE, BG EH), BERR, REBRALAT. EF FH, PARA T. NE IMBIANS. PMEDIEK TL, AE RT DAG SRA SUMITCHEM. REECE, WN BLK ie? NE: SCARAB T , BEER — AAR 2: COMPLAINING; ENVY, ADMIRATION 31 WF BET VE!32 Poe A4e: BATES, UN eT ABER DAG, ARR te ERD, ML DUa DE, USA ERE 2K. BRBA IB LUM, PREC ART , FL REZ. AE: PRANAB AAS i — BT tS — LIEBE, PLUIL HWE P OK. AH, BUR EAE Fi CPENE LOT , HRC WEE + WAATEABA IE, ISA BOE, ARR ARB! JB GB [shou] thin, lean; 3 [livu] glide; smooth) A colloquial word: “slim.” For example, BER URIX Z BH BH tT. “I wish that I could be as slim as you are.” + OF, FRA BELA RABEL. BOE IL “There is no way out”; “can’t help it.” For example, SRE LIEGE, BIE ILA_EVE. “This morning 1 had a bad headache, and couldn’t go to work.” + PRR NR BSRMOUN, BOSE RE RE PAF LET eT. BB... ADEN “Seems to be ....” For example, VEU? A J, PUPIL VIMY, — Alte AL. “What's happened to you? You don’t talk to me as if you know me.” + PREM REBUN, BUELL REA P51 AF LA RYT. SALE “Be content with one’s lot.” For example, Mtb iit fi AIX A pI2: COMPLAINING; ENVY,ADMIRATION 33 TEASE, WHOZAIRAD AT. “She said that she is very satis- fied to have such a good job.” WE, PRUE BA T —T SALT, BA RULES LS Male PRUE Literally “you say.” This pattern is usually used to introduce a question about opinions, similar to “what’s your opinion about...2” For example, (i> 06 45 HE RE BR? “Who do you think will win this election?” WLZE FIKAKM, Ui RIRBRBE a? “Look, it’s raining so hard; should I go or not?” WC, RUB MBA T —T 2 ALT, BA AULA Uo FR J... “Does not look ....” Jil, “appear to be.” For example, K KR, RBARALRKT , EAIGA WF? “Doctor, I've had the flu for so many days; why have I not gotten better?” OS RE DEERE E? IRAN L-ME A? Ui...BE... “To ... without delay”; “become ... without delay.” “...”is often a word or a phrase in this pattern. For example, {tJ BEF RAF, —Z ILRI GTI FT. “They act without delay and soon sweep the yard clean. OB AE BE EIN? RAN S_L-MBL A? “MEE “A couple of” “one or two.” For example, FeAl ABZ AFT MEAD HTB T . “Our meeting ended after only a couple of hours. BIA AMF? ASR T FRI “Troublesome”; “inconvenient.” For example, 1X FY PRI TY, RAST . “What a nuisance. | forgot to bring my cell phone with me.”34 Bo + PREORAV, REERBRRAT. «ANP, HB... A colloquial way to express “not only. . but also.” For example, SK PRIA UE, BIA. “Today is not only rainy, but also windy.” In the pattem, ifthe two portions do not share the same subject, the subject for the second portion should be inserted before XB..... For example, (EEA DURA, PEGE GE. “Not only is the style of the sweater new, but the price is not too high.” + RAPE, winery. 3XZ FE “This way”; “if this continues.” In this expression, F E means “go on” or “continue.” For example, BAZERM AERA SRAM, BORER Je, WANE — FE HAE ERE. “Now she practices piano every day. If she keeps doing so, she will be re- ally good at playing the piano.” + RAPE, RABAT. BRIA “1 am afraid”; “I suppose”; “perhaps.” For example, FFF HUABA WARM ABAAS. “Iam afraid that driving is not as easy as you imagined.” + RAAF HEA EBLE T FE (HE [cui] crisp) “Simply”; “just.” For example, HF Hfé AB FUER EEK. “She simply doesn’t know that you are coming.” © BARAT NEAREST FBT “Just...” This pattem is usually used in a declarative sentence to indicate affirmation. For example, WARK, PRB 44 J. “Having an appointment doesn’t matter; you just come.” © BRL, LAA! YEANBDIL Similar to BEA ASE IL, “nothing of the sort”; “it is impossible.” For example, HEWLIX A BR? BAT ia) U! “Who said that this book is boring? It is not true.”2: COMPLAINING; ENVY, ADMIRATION 35, KAOIL, ARH EEL AGED, 4835)... “Exert all one’s strength to ...,” “make efforts to ....” For example, PANES RE, AIL T fk]. “Only by exerting ourselves to run fast did we catch up with the other runners.” {tH EPALME NL, AE CAE. “He tried hard to push you to go there; but he, himself, didn’t go. PER AAAWEL — BE S — E, PEA (PE [guai] find something strange; wonder at; blame.) 3 “so that’s why”; “not to blame.” Just like the use of “No wonder “no wonder” in English, this expression is always used after know- ing why. For example, PEA(G 250 BA JL, FORME RAB IX — AFR T . “No wonder I’ve been seeing him recent- ly;he has moved to this neighborhood.” ANSP, PUREE A CLR, thease: Be. 4843 (@ [shéng] save) “So as to save (or avoid).” For example, PERCE ET — TIA, APIBAT EL. “I need to call him first so that he won’t worry.” [vocasuLary WIR ligotian chitchat; chat BR chéngtian all day long; all the time HE giao look; see Fi lou reveal; show AWBRUJL — dagir navel; belly button IGE shiiny’n pleasing to the eyeguang xiguan jianshénfing duanliin hanshi tixing lian shizhuing mété yindong pang shiowéi bitchong néngliing jin fei Iinj7u yizhénzi kio xuéfei stroll; ramble; roam be used to gymnasium; gym take exercise wet with sweat bodily form; build practice fashionable dress (painting) model sports; exercise fat; stout; plump a little; slightly replenish; supplement; add energy to lose weight neighbor a period of time depend on; rely on; lean against tuition2: COMPLAINING; ENVY, ADMIRATION 37 LEXERCISES A. Fill in the spaces with the appropriate words and phrases: FOUR = - SARE RAFT BJU IL ANI GE e Doe oe ft BERK BA, REARS, {WARTS BR, BEA A A ‘ BURA SOL, MEBMARR Mil, AHAB SGU! PUL A » UDA Be Mra __f, AEDES AT BETH HY BOREAS BES ia eB AEB, EVAN MT BEA. BED PG , BATRA AAMT. Choose the expression from the following list that best corresponds to the underlined words or phrases: eo on wo eT FUT KAR FR SARA RRR RTL AAA EAS Fl 2 SD I BT, AEA T, SURAT. URSGBEI TY, (EEE, BRA BURT RAZR UTRE I, PTAA T Ha Bia TERY EE HWA VIX Hd38 Ro 6 7 WHELHEE, B—- AS MCRL T EH. PANE MYR BE” FAGT? BAS BI PERK. C. Fill in the spaces with the appropriate words and phrases : nN & a N 0 & KARA BAR Pei RHA AE WARE UN Fie PA SRPMS, BEN TASS, HARARE BABY. RAVER, MEAT BARDS TK? WMEIREAI TS DUT 2 TH SVOR ne. ILA EIA PI, HEARSE, A ANT. ERY, ORE — BOR ESE. PEREIRA, Penny Be Ae AA a : thAARBA , BRRIBSI, GAM et bE Ne? RA AME AS BER, BEER BR AP AT ‘te fe BRAS A RR A MAT, BOL AE » itt EFS AE SI.2: COMPLAINING; ENVY, ADMIRATION 39 D. Choose the expression from the following list that best corresponds to the underlined words or phrases: nv oe Yan we oo BINSL BIL AL APRS FR T ATURE ME 18S WP ARRAK, BABA T , METIS RABBIS T POLENS ENG LAKE BORE, BOARDER PP IBAR EGAN ELEN, BY SELB AAI EAE UF, Bots TAPP TP TED T! PUES OME BORG, AKA KT PE Wi hah ges T 2 ANT hE A a. IME, RB E, BAPE IN. ORT BNC, WYRE, BUSS Je te PEE T BULA AD LYE, PSARENE, AER T40 Fo [ANswer KEY Exercise A (Dialogue 1) Exercise C (Dialogue 2) 1 él 1 RIA 2 ARIE 2 MRE 3 my) 3 FH 4 Hig 4 KARE 5 DAR 5 ARE 6 BILL CHBJLILAB...) 6 yaaye 7 BET BE.. BUE T) 7 AB (ARB, H..) Exercise B (Dialogue 1) 8 RS GR.) 9 PABA UL. w...) 1 AP 2 @T Exercise D (Dialogue 2) 3 RAR 1 BEL 4 AIL 2 ae 5 SARA 3 ME 6 HT 4 BRD 7 RANK 5 ae 6 RINSUL 7 183) (SH...) 8 ASR ASL...) 9 KRAT (..T)2: COMPLAINING; ENVY,ADMIRATION 41 l CONTEXT OF LANGUAGE The Chinese language changes so rapidly and people use it so differently that it often makes Chinese learners confused. Let’s take the greeting as an example. If you go to China, you will hear all kinds of different greetings: such as [AJ (comrade), J)iTif## (master), “4H (Miss), etc. However, if you try to use [FJ i, you might be told that it’s only used by some Chinese on formal occasions; if you use Jlifi {8, you might be told that it’s out-of-date already; if you use “4H, the lady you addressed might be very angry since this also refers to a prostitute. Another example is the language of value or evaluation: while young girls think a fashionable cloth is {#2 (modern), their parents might use #% AY (exposing body) to criticize it; J8 (thin) is slender for young girls but weak or even sickly for the old. While #& HM (grow stout) is a flattering term when greeting the old, it might be perceived as mocking by the young, When you learn a Chinese phrase or slang expression, you will not feel confused if you pay attention to the context; i.e., at what time or occasion one uses it, and to whom and for what communicative purpose.Hae 3. Bea aU I XE BACH LB GRUMBLING ° TEASING [CONVERSATION A: Simplified JPR AL SACD UAC IE AK AML, FAP PL Ds EK E UE. SH: BLINURCRE, BEAL BR ACRE TH, RABAT Fi: BOX ILIOA SLA IZA ABA OR, (RSE RE? ZU: BE, REEAAUIL. Fie: |, BRAN Ambre IX LAR, MEA et? ZMK: PPR! (RGR! 423: GRUMBLING; TEASING 43 BEAR. (it: flare up: catch fire; ignite; detonate.) got angry; lose one’ temper Gee p. 49) Lin Li and her boyfriend, Xiaoming Fang, went hiking in the far outskirts of Beijing and are waiting for a bus at the bus station. They are hungry. Li: This place does have good scenery, but the roads are too hard to hike. Ah, I’m so hungry. Fang: I still have some of those crackers you don’t like. Do you want some? Li: Yes, I’ll have some. Fang: Ha, not picky anymore? This is called so hungry you could eat a horse, right? Li: Shush! Give them over!40 RSH Ti: = (RD BR. Ze: MBL. ORY, 12, HE, THA: = ZEABANE, ANE, ROR. Uk: UNSER, RB AMT! BAKA SRB Ma AV: FRIZIE, HIRT T. Traditional ZEAL AAC A BAC RAE EMBL, BAP De ERIS. Sik: JUIN A, PPAR T. BOM, FABRA T Fi: BELA BA LRA EY ABR, RSE RB? Uk: BE, RE RAA. THA: WS, RAN Amb? ek OU RANE Be, NIN? ZED: UEDR! (REA! Ti: = (ED). Zeu: BN, Ul, ea ETE, ee BRAN THA: = EABARE, AHA, PR ECEA. 2k: (RR AAT! (Ee THA: = FRU, RFT.3: GRUMBLING; TEASING 45 Fang: (Laughs) Here. Li: ’Kay. Oh, it’s so hard, and so sweet! Fang: Damned if I do, damned if I don’t. You're so hard to please. Li: You try it; this is way too sweet! Why are they so generous with the sugar! Fang: Hurry up and eat. Stop kidding around. ——. WE OLA EER, BEALE AMEE T BEER, PFE Also as HER, PUT... (AUTH pkexi] Ie’s a pity). “Although it is good, ...” “It is good, but ...” In this pattern, #F-E SF functions as “although,” and Ht 4 (or FY {#4) fanctions as “but.” For example, 2E7K RUF LES, BLAE ABR T . “Although these JEMEZ BF? ” fruits are good, they are too sour. BE, FAR AT. ICRA (ICTY [aiyd)) An interjection, expressing painful feelings, that is similar to English “Ouch” or “Ow.” For example: BOY, BGAN JAD 15.4 ABZ PEM? “Ouch. How come my feet hurt so much?” WT, BOAR Ba T ‘Ba T (AR [2] hungry; jd [bian] flat) This is a frequently used expression that is a shortened version of ILRI J). The literal meaning is “the belly becomes flat because of hunger,” and the contextual meaning is “terribly hungry.” For example: #3 )L ATTA RABNG, BRB T . “Tl eat whatever food you have; I’ve been starved for a long time.”46 Ha + RIAL. #45 JL GE [dian] fill up, pad) A colloquial way to say “to have light refreshments,” evidently a humorous extension of a basic meaning of 244, “to fill up,” or “to pad.” For example: #84, "A HAAR A T , FA SLEW, “See, we don’t have any cooked food now. Let’s have some junk food first.” 1, RAR me WEA (A [diao] tricky, artful, sly) This is a commonly used idiom, “picky for food.” For example: (HYRIL 7A, (AMAR BAZ. “He is so picky, and does not like any food.” In the conversation, the question "ij 7S 7] BRE? is asked with a teasing tone, “Are you not picky about food any more?” + REMAN RERE, AN? ARF (HL [ji] be hungry; starve; # [zé] select, choose; [shi] food) “A hungry person is not choosy about his food.” This idiom is usually used in written form, but it is often used in colloquial style with special tones, as for teasing or joking. For example: 47 RK FEMUAFER TT, BARRA ARIA ARG. “1am too hungry to choose foods today; I would never eat food like this.” + APR! REOR! PUR (FIR (ludsuo] long-winded, troublesome) “Don't be troublesome.” The expression is often used with an inpatient tone; however, it is used informally to tease. For example: HEMI PR3ENB, PRB BYR T . “Lee's go now. Don’t be troublesome.” © WY, AME, KAR! Hay (AY [he] oh) This is a frequently used interjection for grumbling. For example, PRAGA FEAR A PRU? Mi, LE BRB RE! “Why are you walking so fast? Oh, even faster than my running!”3: GRUMBLING; TEASING 47 AWA, ABR, VEE AAR. . AARNE, .. ABARZE This pattern expresses the meaning that no matter what happens, the situation will not change. For ex- ample, WABLAE IRA SIE PAE; ETHAN HE, ANGE 47S RE. “Her words made me wonder what I should do, and I don’t know if I should leave or not.”2e tH NE, AA LE is an idiom in the general pattern of the paralleled structure ... tH, 7S Zé, .. ALAN, and it is used to describe a person who is hard to please. In the idiom, ZF, “left,” and 44, “right,” refers to a vari- ety of ways to do things, and 4 means “right.” For example, Az ARE, AE, PREV BBE ZI? “Damned if I do, damned if I don’t. What on earth do you want me to do?” FARA, HAE, GREER. WEAR ((A1{% [chou] wait upon, serve) The phrase literally means “hard to serve,” but as an idiom, it means “hard to please,” or “be fastidi- ous.” In the conversation, HE{AI% conveys a tone of teasing, For ex- ample, 3&2 URE MECH, PR/IVO KUL. “This customer is very hard to please; you'd better be careful.” MABFA, AMT! .. AP “Try to ... and see.” In the pattern, “...” is a verb or verb phrase, and #} is used after a duplicated verb or verb phrase. The pattern expresses the meaning “try to do sot thing” with the implication “see what will happen.” For example, DLA MED, LE FRR IAIN Ai. “This shouldn’t be hard; let me have a try.” IX FEMWIR EMCI EF JR, UVTWTAE. “This is her favorite song; you just listen.” WAZA, AMT! “too” or “so.” 44, often conveys emphasis. For example, 3X JL WARABAAET, BAKA it FBR TE. “The weather is so strange here. How could it snow so early in the year?”48 AEH + BAIA BSCR 48 (245 [shéde] be willing to part with, not grudge) This word introduces a satirical note into the conversation. 4744, “begrudge,” is the word that contrasts with 474. For example, (HRA 2S AIK EALY. “He is very willing to buy gifts for his girlfriend.” (AIR EIR, BALES) ER. “He does things just this way, and he begrudges spending a single cent.” + Pee NBR BET T TE BF (EE [shud] play with; KE [pi] skin) YEBEF is a collo- quial word that refers to the lips of a glib talker. B2ij S&F means “be a slick talker,” or “mere empty talk.” It is used in a teasing, conversational tone. For example, (48 T S248 BFA A SL {HEART . “He can do nothing except pay lip service.” [CONVERSATION B: Simplified ZEAL WARE YEE EE... 7PM: Ti: ZED: Tr HA: ZE: FE, READ, AK AAT! SAAD LA CREEK T ? PRR TY. RRA AN, PES ATSB? AB AFI, FEES AME! UB BLRE, BULL — LORE 4, (REDS A, TUL MRE!7a A: i: 3: GRUMBLING; TEASING 49 Hl, WB, BBE. BARRERA AA JUPR LAE, ARSE wT BBE HITE. “CE BORWE. METAS T PRA EH, ESS. HE! BUR, FRB! RAV ACHLET We. PBF, ABR ARNE. Lin Li and Xiaoming are still waiting for a bus at the bus station. There is a bus at the station every two hours. It’s already ten minutes past three, and the three p.m. bus is still not here. Li: Fang: Li: Fang: Li: Fang: Li: ‘What a nuisance! Why is there so no sign of the bus? We’ve been waiting forever! Could it have come early, before we got here? That would be so mean. This is the middle of nowhere! What are we going to do? ‘We just wait here. Then how long should we wait? It’s all your fault. I wanted to come here earlier to wait for the bus, but you just wouldn’t hurry. You kept enjoying yourself. Don’t get mad, I’m teasing you. Normally this bus arrives late and leaves late. It won’t come and leave early. It probably hasn’t come yet. We just waited a little over 10 minutes. Let’s wait and see. Bastard! See, you scared me! And I thought it really left. You're right, it probably hasn’t come yet.50 Fah Traditional SH ATs WARE CE Ra a 2: Heit, GPE RRB IM, MHA ST! FW: A ATMA BE BLAS ARI T? ik: IBA GMET.. RANA EE, mE ESR? FAA: ASRS SM. Hk: SESAME! (HI, RR ARS HE, EAA, TUR SE! FM: Bl, HBA, BRE. Ba AAA FERRE SLE, APPEASE. CAR HARE. WMA SET PRS, EE. ES: EE! BPR, RB! BUD Aye ee T We. PBL, AUR ARME. WEE + RE, KEEACRY LM, HE (Efi [yioming] drive somebody to his death) In the expression, ZZ means “demand” and fi¥ stands for “life.” FL SE ¢T or BEG is a frequently used expression in a gripe or com- plaint, meaning “a nuisance.” For example, HBi tin, A. ERA AJ. “What a nuisance! It is always cloudy.” B24, (HMR T. “What a nuisance! He’s here again.”3: GRUMBLING; TEASING 51 Ait, KEEACRH LIM, VBL GF [ying] shadow, reflection) JL refers to the trace of a person’s presence. 5% JL means “no sign” or “vague impres- sion.” For example, — FUR, (HR BERILT . “As soon as the class was over, no one caught a glimpse of him.” Wt 55 EH JL J, “She’s completely forgotten it.” ABAT eG T IBA... F “Then it will ....” This is a popular way of emphasizing a consequence. JS means “then” or “in that case;” and FI. express es emphasis on the event expressed by the following words. For example, {h32 25%, ASAD BERR T . “Had she come, there would have been big trouble.” AST RE T RE (GK [que] be short of, lack; € [dé] virtue ) This is a colloquial expression with the literal meaning “virtueless.” Its contextual meaning is “mean,” “wicked,” or “villainous.” For example, SRIF, “wicked words” or “vicious remarks.” #R PES “offense,” “rotten thing,” or “mean trick.” RARE! “What a rotten thing!” “How dirty!” {13% ZARA SRME T . “Is so wicked of him to do this.” ROR AR AS ANS BN, HERZ see HUA BARNES (4 [zhio] touch; Ff [cin] village; Ji [dian] shop, inn) This is an idiom with the literaral meaning, “There is no village ahead and no inn behind.” It refers to a remote or des olate place with the implication that it is hard to find people or get help there. For example, HAT Hi N48 a PASAY, AE A382? “This place is in the middle of nowhere; how boring!” OBIE, RULE — LR, REDS, SUL PETE!52 Haw THELEE Also as FUFE or HEA. The term FLEE is often used to express complaints, and tH, adds farther emphasis on what is expressed by LAE. It is very similar to the English complaints: “Really” and “What a nuisance!” For example, FLJEMMY, KA WT AIR ANIR_EBE. “Really, it’s so late and he is still not at work.” + PEE, RULE AIRE, MNS, SUL NESTE! ..7S YEE This pattern expresses the meaning “keep doing some- thing,” with the negative implication that the speaker does not like it. For example, WA, (HBL ETE. “Look, he keeps on talk- ing.” (Not listening to others.) + Til, BK, BIE IME. BK A colloquial word for “get angry,” “flare up,” or “lose one’s temper.” For example, HACK, (RIEVT ELL. “Don’t be up- set. Listen to me first.” © Hl, BK, RBM. 3B GE [ddul) “Tease”; “play with.” This is a colloquial word for “tease.” It usually refers to a friendly action. For example, {th 32 SEVEIGAWRYRSE. “He likes to make his younger sister laugh with jokes.” © BV ALOR MLE. #EVE FK [an] according to) A short form of fZF# Ui, “according to reason” or “according to common sense.” For instance, Ban RIZE AA lth. “It stands to reason that I should pay her a visit.” APSARA A SD AKL. “Normally there are few people who care about this kind of matter.”3: GRUMBLING; TEASING 53 RE! Gs, (F R—Bb SRE® (Ki [din] egg) A very commonly used colloquial word for teasing. Its literal meaning is “bad egg,” and its context meaning could be “scoundrel” or “bastard.” For example, (IB IKE, — FEM T FAIRER TS. “Look at the little bastard; he must have had a wicked idea.” RE BR, FR Be ®... “See what ... did!” This pattern is often used for grumbling, followed by words to present the reason. For example, @f%, (UK MIE FATHE TT. “See, you broke my glass.” Fk, SH T UF JL F. “See, I wrote several wrong characters.” KE! BK, (FR—Bh HF —Bl The expression means “scared.” For example, UF J — Bk, “I got scared.” MHA J ¥—Wk, “She scared me.” BBE, APE BORNE. {BIL ZE ({8 [dio] used to denote a transition or concession) The idiom shows a hesitant or concessive agreement. It can be used as an independent phrase or as an adverbial phrase in the sentence. For example, (i A4) (B) 18, AE Rt AY, ANI Ath FT AE AS I Z AB, “I suppose you're right, but he might not think so.”54 BE [vocaBuLarY BERT BA a KAS vy [LEXERCISES jidogat chingta binggan ying tian ban tigian dudjitt zhioji digi yiwéi suburbs; outskirts long-distance cookie; cracker hard sweet (measure word, similar to “number of times”) ahead of time; beforehand how long worry; feel anxious probably; most likely; presumably think; believe; consider —— A. Fill in the spaces with the appropriate words and phrases: RUT x fa AD My UAE BEB MY th 1 BRUWMWAS te WANA KA foe.w 3: GRUMBLING; TEASING 55 KA SEACH! UB AEA T 2 HATE BIR, WAT A abSEnG, BOE AB Ath , RA BER HK. WAR AS. AMET | BATA BEAT » BREET ABE TBR T , MERIC IKE ANZ, A> FRE BEN Ti BR A, » AS LR Dine. fe RAT Wh? IR REBEL AHA, fi. : . Choose the expression from the following list that best corresponds to the underlined words or phrases: 1 3 4 RT Ble HEL ae Fite REA ARE FAR OR SE Fe RBH IY TE), BRE RAS — HT IL WS, BORE TMA MF? RUILATI, MAHL IL, MATE Tiptree. LL ft toh A, (Mado EMT Ze BAS ET56 BSR 5 PE LF, BUTERA BET TL. 6 HEY AR Zo, HSS A ABE, 2 NE. C. Fill in the spaces with the appropriate words and phrases: TR-B Bik RK BY BZ HAVEN ee HE 1 tal WELT, Left e iM, HAASE EI BE RME. 2 URSA ALTER LM? Bh RY 3 OK » ARAL RAAT PTA? TER DFR 4 (BORN, IE ANE AOR: BRAWDK, A 5 ot wath, ILA RE UREA, A SE a ERIE — SM FESE IL? FIBA AIK ILBEA ME, ! 7 OL, MBER TS! HTT A, EMBILERA FF? 8 ANRAANE T Mile PRIT , eae Sea] FTE D. Choose the expression from the following list that best corresponds to the underlined words or phrases: WIS se EBL TUE it BILT RE (Bt fe3: GRUMBLING; TEASING 57 PATHE) ARE, MARS ER, ALAS AE? 2 MAEM, BALMER ALS ET. 3 EORPEE, BMI PEML ME? EAN ERT EA BULK T 2 4 QTHEAD, MARABAE. 5 FORME, FRA EO ILA TT, fh AER B AAs We! 6 ATTA EA Be, — ALT Ea LS a. [ANswer KEY Exercise A (Dialogue 1) YA a UAE RE SE A th meu BLG Be BRA (... 8) CI Aun kone Exercise B (Dialogue 1) 1 a 2 tum T 3 BAL 4 Hypa58 FSM 5 Be (RKP, BRA...) 6 AAA AE (te Arie... HARE) Exercise C (Dialogue 2) ig Bite (@...) He BME BK TR BR BE BAN aA BAY ABT... 7) od Auk oN Exercise D (Dialogue 2) IE ‘(Blt HSE Hei BOLT Wsetse (ETE) Ane one3: GRUMBLING; TEASING 59 [MEN AND WOMEN JAA Ti (Between the sexes there should be a prudent reserve) China has a long feudalist tradition, and until the middle of the last century relations between the sexes could be summed up by the expression 55 423 7ANFE (It is improper for men and women to touch each other's hand in passing objects). Most Chinese still believe in and follow 5&4 53!) (Between the sexes there should be a prudent reserve). Nowadays, you can find all kinds of behavior and deportment in China. Male and female friends, colleagues, and relatives usually avoid touching and hugging. Except for those who admire and learn Western culture, even father and adult daughter seldom hug each other. Many Chinese would feel embarrassed to see people hugging or kissing in front of them. Men usually do not take the initiative to shake hands with women, Quite a few Chinese do not have the western concept of “ladies first”: they do not open doors, pull out chairs, or help women into their coats. In social situations, the woman usually is expected to display the same etiquette as the male: she should stand up when she is introduced to others or offered a beverage.8 = zB N\RAPREBSA AA AY Db Pe GOSSIPING ° DISBELIEF OPINIONS ON CHARACTER, [CONVERSATION A: Simplified ET BRAN ACE “I — RE — FE, ZB T: ORG, ABIL J LUE A HE? EME: AREER? ABER T . AT: RAL BR LAS OE fh ZEIT! EAM ANE, BU IAMACA. ZE— Ts WR RNBH IL! E28 tH EA SUL, ae BEE WP SE/if: ANAT AE. 604: GOSSIPING; DISBELIEF; CHARACTER 61 #BAR cit: (a girl) lean on big money) Gold digging Yiding Li and his friend Xiaomei Wang are chatting in a bar. Li: Look, who's that who just came in? Wang: Isn't that Xinping Li? He’s rolling in money now. Li: Is that girl with him his wife? Pretty good looking! Wang: No, I know his wife. Li: They really like each other! She’s adjusting his collar. Is she a mistress or wife number two? Wang: That's impossible.ET: BAR, thd PAM, BMAF RM, RERBILT! E/E: RAF RUREDE, ARPA ABSA! —T: DENK EUL, BABULIS AE. Hh TERE AAR th? ANUS PDE! SE) HE: ANSI, AHPEIEZE AN. BT: URES, AGG ATE PRI ATA MIE! E/E: WL, RRR TTB, CHALE. BK AUER LATHES RT. ET: ANSI? ACE BE IT AA ie EE: RRL ARF ARE, RIK AS SBP ET: RUA LAL ARR. RR ATE, ME BUTERA HR. Mle EME: 1, BAPE ARILT? x Traditional ET PR REDE Ee EK, ET: UR, AE Fe HE Be A ll? EAMG: ARAB E G2 ARSUERT « AT: FU PI Eh ZEI ? S Y SEAM: AR EE, BEB.4: GOSSIPING; DISBELIEF; CHARACTER 63 Li: Look, he’s making moves on her too! He's getting her hair done.The only thing left is making out! Wang: Get out of here, brat! He’s not that kind of guy! Li: There are plenty of gold digging girls these days. He’s rich; how can there not be someone after him? It'd be weird if he weren't cheating! Wang: That can’t be. He’s pretty straight-laced. Li: Look at you, a live performance right in front of you and you still don’t believe it? Wang: Hey, see how another guy just joined them, and he’s got a kid. Must be that girl’s family. Li: Are you sure? Then what's her relationship with Xinping Li? ‘Wang: It’s his little sister! Look closely, she looks just like Xinping Li! Li: I just played matchmaker. Now let me tell you, you don’t tell any of what I just said to him. Okay? Wang: Now really, since when did you become such a nag? 2): ARRAS! AY TE ACA SN, BD Ey? ANAT AE. FEAR, (HF, I FASE, BR ZRH ! ANF URE, ARORA A !64 SUR ET: WEN KAR, BRKRNS WE. 1h T, WERE Ade? ANE A EEE ! Eig. ANTI, AETE REN. ET: USER, IGA EE TEE EAE: L, SEAN RT (LG 1, SEEK PW. ABE HAIER AAPM SE —&F. JET. AR TUL? A Mt TOF AT BEA? SEE: GRRE! AP RNR, RA RETF ET: BURT ALBA T. BRE Mit, MA A ae Bae ST fal IA. Ml? E/E: UR, EERE T 2 WEE + KRMERT. A& This is a pronoun that can substituted for “he,” “she,” “they,” or “I,” and is usually used with a certain connotation, whether posi- tive or negative. Here A 3X means “he” with a connotation of admiration. For example, VS AWGUEA SI, AR BAKE MET. “You might not know that he has graduated from college.” + ARIERT. 4% Here this expression means “get rich.” It’s a colloquial form of EIU, “gor rich.” For example, HAA PRAIA KALA ARB. “Among our classmates, there are not many as rich as him.”4: GOSSIPING; DISBELIEF; CHARACTER 65 FR fh — BR) LAB Lc He AE Ae? RT 48...) “quite” or “really.” For example, HBAS 348 FRAN. “That book is really thick.” FRA Be LAS AS AE AE? RH AY! AHFH CHET Gingshen] vigorous) A colloquial version of “pretty,” “beautiful,” or “handsome” that can be applied to men and women. For example, (R36 44549 FURGHH. “Your little brother is so handsome.” HEATH IL! BR...WIL (IE [qido} look; 24) L fine] manner; air) A colloquial pattern to express “Look, what a... manner!” A pro- noun and 4X or Hf are often put in front of $4 JL. For example, HEB AB LEH JL! “Look, how stupid you are!” BEA, (hid Fah JXAR “See” with the connotation of “I told you so!” For example, FIRM VERE A OKAY, KAR, (HK T. “1 cold you that he would come. See, he is here.” A, HP BI 3)FB A Litcrally,‘to do things with one’s hands and feet.” The idiom is often used to blame a guy for being too fresh with a girl, For example, Ji!) FE R2) FZ fal! “Don’t touch me!” CAMA HK RUE, RERAILT! BBE... T “There’ only ... left,” meaning that things are almost to the point of .... For example, “PK (EMV 5E J M92” “HIE AL JLT” “Have you finished your homework?” “There's only a little bit left.” Another example, “{tH{JKE KA BAR? “RAAT, WEE AB T 1 “How is the relationship between the couple?”“They fight every day; the only thing left is divorce.”66 PYRE + BAMA RM, MAM T! SEE JL A colloquial form of “kiss.” For example, {thE A 27E SEE J LIil2 “why are they always kissing?” © PANE HRB Hp VF [xidozi] boy; fellow; chap) JF This term is simi- lar to “brat,” and is a colloquial way to address a boy. Its connotation depends on the relationship between the speaker and the person who is called /})F-. It can express intimacy, but can also be used to show contempt or to insult. In. 1/]-¥, {Kis in apposition to /]YF, just like fA “you.” in HT SEAR, “you and your wife.” For example, Ep) FE HUI Z fe “How did you run that fast, brat?” © MANE SURE BE HERVE (GE [xia] blind) “Talk irresponsibly”; “talk rubbish.” For ex- ample, H/F Ui! “Don’t talk nonsense!” S33 UE is often used like “be quiet” or “shut up” It is impolite, even a little rude, but it is not offensive between close friends. F&M PRE Bi, HAE AUTH? “1 told you not to spout nonsense. Why don't you ever listen?” + ARRRMBSA JB-A. The colloquial form of “that kind of person.” For exam- ple, fH FL AS EAR DLTE ARS A. “He is not that kind of person.” + BEM ABIL, BABULINE NE. BEKBIL (GF [bang] depend on; attach oneself to; #K [kuin] money) Literally “attach oneself to a rich person.” This idiom means “to be a gold digger.” For example, th A ANZ 32 9 AME. “She'll never go gold digging.” + EMA BIL, BABULNS OE. BS AIFE “There are a lot of ....” For example, 1% ) LUFF AWE, (REBUT? “There are a lot of good movies here. Which one do you want?”4: GOSSIPING; DISBELIEF; CHARACTER 67 + ANGLIA EME! AR... AP PEWE “Ic will be strange if not ....” This is a pattern used to emphasize the certainty that “...” will be true. For example, IXKAL, AS FRA PRY. “With this weather, it'd be strange if it didn’t rain” + ANAL A PEE! BLUFF “to act promiscuously.” One meaning of #¥ is “to carry on an affair with somebody” or “be promiscuous.” For example, 3A, SEAL ANKE T , 15 BALA? He's not young anymore, why is he still fooling around? + RAAT LALARST. BLASS CEA [yuanyang] mandarin duck; an affectionate couple) “to make a mistake about the romantic involvement of others.” For example, (KA AULA A KK, RAL EG T “You don't know if he has a girlfriend, so stop playing matchmaker.” + WWE, EERIE ARILT? BEJL often serves as an adjective that means “wordy” or “trouble some.” It also means “meddlesome:” For example, AS AF] SLT, tt A#BE. “That person is so meddlesome, she pokes her nose into everything” [LCONVERSATION B: Simplified ATM L, J 2 AKU 7E 8 BL. FAB: /N#ME? PETE BEM _b Wh BRM A] BRL Be SENG, AFB ILIAS HLT?68 AMR MF: JAB: MF: FAB: MF: RAZ: xP: te AP AN BRE NR LE We? WEVA Mat? BEE —ASA PE, ABE AY dh ARA DEA, BS FL —BLZ | Te? EF? BEA ALBAN? HR eH ME? Ri AWT HL, WARE AR LIN. Been KAMAE T. REMAP A A AY I, BOT ASH HAT see. Sh, LAE A! OB BR Ae aa Me, Ba OR Ay Fil! fb OR JLERE HE T , BEATE — TEER, ALR TALK, BHABHA, SRAM, XM YAS. WG BAAR RE BE, HESS as BE RE, MUG EBHK. 1B, A JIB, AAT &ARRARMK. RAAT! BREE AT AT EAB AUS! MPR) a BL BE, Leah a AL. ARB LT, Meira WAM. WAUREICEB T Ye.JAB: KU: KAZ: MNF: 4: GOSSIPING; DISBELIEF; CHARACTER 69. PUREE Bi! BRIX BY FE Hy tae . AEE ASL. DABARAA TL, BR SAHR, ER FIL. PRL LBC Ett? ih 7S EE FEFSEE Th? AAT! SE RITES, MAFIA AAT BR JLFE BEE. fa] js —___ It’s Friday night. Yun Zhou and Fang Liu are talking in the dorm. Zhou: Liu: Zhou: Liu: Zhou: Liu: Zhou: Liu: Where’s Xiaoli? I was just about to invite her to the movie with us, so how come I turn around and she’s gone? She's not going to go with us! What did we do to her? I was afraid she'd be lonely by herself, that’s why I was going to take her. She's going out with someone. How can she go anywhere with us! Really? Who? How come I don’t know anything? You're not mistaken, are you? I just heard it myself, and they were very specific. It’ Lin from the English department. That tall guy. And there are people calling him cute—I don’t see anything cute about him. Yeah, that’s him! I heard he’s still going out with someone, and now he’s seducing Xiaoli!70 BPR Zhou: Liu: Zhou: Liu: Zhou: Liu: Zhou: Liu: Zhou: Liu: Traditional Nobody knows better than me what kind of person he is, as we took the same class. Besides being big, he’s got nothing else—no character, no ability. I heard he knows what to say; he’s really good at sweet talk. No wonder that’s why the girls like him. Today he chases this one, tomorrow that one, and then breaks up not long after that. What a creep! Yeah! We can’t let Xiaoli get fooled by him! We gotta talk to her, tell her to be careful. If she’s into him, she’s not going to listen to anything you say. She’ll just think you're jealous. Don't say that! I’m looking out for her. I think we should mind our own business. Xiaoli’s a good person, she’s pretty, and she gets good grades. You think Lin deserves her? Isn’t she like a flower on a dung-hill? It’s a pity! Let’s first ask Xiaoli what's going on. Tw L, BABI Cee BR AE: BIH: A HiME? BEE REMY bse BRO PPR IE BB SUE, SE —WRER RA bk T 2 Sil, AAS ERA — 398 ESE 2" wo a i 1 Ma oF Moe i 4: GOSSIPING; DISBELIEF; CHARACTER 71. MEARS BE Mt TE ath — ALA BS i, mn FE ith. ARAL LAGE, WS BLOG — EGE SS FCA? AeAAWA? FAG BE — BALAI? Us WA SANE ? FAR, RAT RPA A. RA FEB ARK EET. REA. HE ABP HY BEE VE, BRT RAS HH A Bet). SAY, i A fil | BAR AR A SE, BE By Fi | ‘tH RR FRR Haag ET, DUPE (ASE LGR. WER TAK, BERT, OR A, UR SS St AWS RR, NE er Ht Se GE BRE, UPAR M. fh AI, IEAM, ART ANBAR. EAB ABHT ! UAE! NATH Sil EER A) a eRe, Aaa Bh 5, ARBRE LET, Ui A MAES vE. i UA Aas AERGBR T We. Rileaet | FRAT Fe Ay ay.72 BUR B95: FAN PM. 2. DSA AAG BSA, FE GR ARB. PRL SACL th? tei AS ER FEPRLT WG? AMT! B15. SARI, MASE BU ee St SUPE RRRIL. WE + CARL TILT —#EHR [zhuin] turn) Literally “A turn of the eye.” This idiom is a shortened version of $4 0R MII X, meaning “in an instant.” For example, #4 HR BEVETE J. “It was done in a moment.” © BETA aa hie AK “Alone”; “by oneself For example, {that BE KRE— A KAMER ALL, “She just likes to sit at home alone in this way.” © BEAR AE ++ FEE (Hib [huang] flurried, confused) This pattern means “awfully ....” or “unbearably ...” For example, Mth Si #3 B49 it. “She felt awfully hungry.” © ARAL, aby_ EA “Sweetheart” or “lover.” For example, 1h i9t 2 UR HE. AME? “She is your sweetheart, right?”4: GossIPING; DISBELIEF; CHARACTER 73 + Ri RLS AFAR IL Literally “complete with nose and eyes,” this idiom means “in great detail.” It also carries a connotation that the story is second hand. For example, {tH Ji ViX SJ LAY REEL, BAT ATHRJ LE. “His story might be true, since it contains great detail.” + DAREMA A HO LL ee ET VEHE “Ie was said.” This idiom is used to relate a story told by oth- ers. For example, BVT Wie SEL, BLL ALATA 3 AE PTA BA T WAAC T. “1 heard the story, too. It was said that both of them often went to the gym. So they became friends.” PERE PRE A DR LET BEET Literally “become good with each other” Without context, the idiom means: “have become lovers.” With context, the idiom could “have become friends with each other.” For example, (KA1i4 Ne AND ERC) AA) REET. “Do you know that Lili and Xiaohua have become lovers?” /)\ 56) BR Wk, MIA IRMDARWE, BLE SF ET. “My younger brother and younger sister have become friends again after their quarrel moments ago.” + REMAKAF ASF... fellow” KAS F has the same meaning, “tall fellow,” as in SF, ANIL, or HAAS IL. In this pattern, ... can be K, AS, 185, or FB; and SF can also be 4S JL. They are all common- ly used colloquial terms. 7+ or 4S JL, which means “height,” can also combine with /]¥ or $& to mean “small fellow.” For example, IBA KA F LABIA DAS F BERATED. “The tall fellow and the two small fellows are all my classmates.”74 BPR + AAU RENE MM... “to call... ...” For example, ERP LIRHRMY NE.“ call his younger sister ‘Little Wang” 44 serves as a preposition here and functions similar to 44. In this pattern, the + RUB R YAH AS SARI... ATT... FAIA frequently used expression:“‘don’t see anything ... about ...” For example, BR7i 7S HUE ROA Ht BF BILE. “1 don’t see anything interesting about this game.” TWA ERA EASE, BOR Al! 46] is a colloquial form of “to seduce” with negative connotations. For example, (hik 2A XBILT , UE UL. “He's very good at picking up girls, so you had better be careful.” + ALAR) LER sacs ET JE JL “Somebody's past”;““somebody’s unsavory background.” For example: ft AJ ANABLL TA SEE A EATER JL. “He doesn’t want others to know about his past.” + ABR T AEX, BTA BTA BUA MAG literally “to have nothing one needs,” this idiom means “to have no good qualities.” This expression is the negative form of the expression BE4tA AT “to have everything one needs” {+4 can refer to either material items or abstract items ac- usually refers to person. cording to the context. WTB RRRE DE ERE BE HF is a colloquial equivalent of EH! or 1. AF REDE means “to be a smooth talker.” For example, PUB W MLR AS DARWE, JESCARFABDL. “1 thought he wasn’t good at talking, but he is actually a smooth talker.”4: GOSSIPING; DISBELIEF; CHARACTER 75 RE, NOH KERMK, BREE A colloquial response showing agreement with other people’ opinion: “exactly,” “right,” “precisely.” For example, FRU “IX7N/E) APRA ARIST METAS ORIEL. aE BRL, DUG AKT 2" 1 said: This weekend is way too boring. We shouldn't have come here in the first place.” She said: “Right, we're not coming back.” BL, PUBL ERK. 44... EK (HB [zhao] attract; provoke) “to attract (someone)” This pattern is used to describe clever, cute, or attractive traits in human beings or animals. For example, #, Hf NGF BA BM ELH (A)! “Look, what a cute baby! He's so attractive!” fh > JLIBIRAS, BA LIB ABS A Jb..., BIL... Literally “today ..., tomorrow ...,” this paral- lel pattern suggests a changing variety of states or actions. Here it has a negative connotation, suggesting infidelity in love because the subject is chasing a different girl everyday. The pattern has a positive connotation in another example: (7 ]AVIB) A] HL Wi, 4 JL EME, HALA BFE. “You guys have so many things to do, hiking today, camping tomorrow.” UART SARRBARMK. FR. ..PK “break up with (somebody)” The colloquial term means “to break off” or “to screw up.” The pattern Bf... means “to break up with ....” For example, Be4H fai 220 ANS ERIK A WK. “I believe that Lili will not break up with Zhang Ming” TEM ABET! 2B) (FE [cha] short of 2) [jin] strength) “disappointing,” “of low quality” For example, RUZ ALBIIX4 A BIKA BS. “1 didn’t expect him to be such a creep.”76 VNR + ANTAL ABR! _E.... F924 “Be fooled by ....” “4 is a colloquial word that means “to be fooled.” For example, (3X F] ANE FB — VRE tb 2477. “This is not your first time to be fooled by her.” + ARE ET, UA AEE. WRARBEZE “Does not want to hear it.” Ath MIR UT ANEBR ATE Ho “She never wants to hear your words.” + EDA URERERB T We. RGB A colloquial form of “to be jealous.” This idiom usually means: “to be jealous of a rival in love.” For example, 4 LAW NM ER ARS AE ike, tte PLUG T . “she was jealous when she saw that Lili was with the boy.” #@A# can be used in the pattern of 15, (... AS) EE, “to be jealous of ....” For example, @ JLEN NY RAK ASAE — ike, WE UB J. “She was jealous of Lili when she saw Lili was with the boy.” + RAED SALE JBRE.. HE “Had better...” or “Should.....” This pattern expresses a preference for an alternative. For example, 0 IE ETE AAT iBPGSHF. “You'd better call him before you go there” ABABA i T JEANIE. “Its already so late; you'd better not go.” . REED BLE SAS F [gun] boner about; business) Also as in 2) ple’s business.” >“ A] 4F is often used in an imperative sentence: “Mind one’s own business.” For example, {th Gk EEK PA SF. “She always likes to poke her nose into other people’s business.” 4B BEAR AE 2D AR LIN SEL? “Could you mind your own business?” #1 [xianshi] other people’s , ‘poke one’s nose into other peo-4: GossIPING; DISBELIEF; CHARACTER 77 AFTER A th, AS RR S.A... B.A... This is a parallel structure that means “have both ... and ....” For example, SH77 HUB, FE A wy, BE IKARIK. “The scenery here is so pretty; there’s both moun- tain and river.” The negative form of this pattern is 2... E..., ..Y...,“to have neither ... nor ....” For example, Hf J LAE RULE, BELL, BEAK YEIK. “The scenery there is not good at all; there is neither mountain nor river.” FY LRRIL BR IL “Tiptop.” For example, th EIX SHE LGB ILE 4E. “She is the top student of the class.” PRLS J LBL bth BC#9_E (Ad [pei] deserve) “Deserving” “worthy.” For example, itt ANAS SE EAC ASE tb KZ A. “Her performance befits her reputation.” Whi 7S Fe PFE RR TE FOE ET Wg? SEETE SEEPS _L “flower on a dung hill;”“a bad match.” This idiom describes a situation where a woman is married to someone undeserving of her. For example, Wh“ FILER {th 44 Uy J We? EL Fe fe AE AIZE F398 _E. “How could she have married him? It’s just like a flower on a cow patty!” HE Fe a fe TSR ES SE LER. 56... FE UE Literally, “First ..., then talk about it.” With the con- notation, “put the matter aside for the time being,” the idiom means: “first ....” For example, (KR JME? SEAR EMAEFEDL. “You must be very tired. Please take a rest first.”78 Si [LvocaBuLary BL HRA FEB Se Were a pol EK KF nh asl ido] iqinré] jinr] [xiomi] érnai] look; see intimate manner; air Cutie-pie; little sweetie mistress; illegal spouse [déngshdudéngjido] move one’s hands and feet; touch néng] inzui] [bang] dakudn} facdi] [luingio} guai] ting] zhéngjing] hudrén] yingién] [bidoyan] lingzhe] zhiinshi] (daizhe] mén] xinshangrén] shuaigé] manage; handle kiss depend on; attach oneself to rich person; big wheel get rich; make a fortune carry on an affair with somebody strange very; rather decent; respectable; honest a living person before one’s eyes perform lead; bring certainly; for sure stay bored; in low spirits sweetheart; lover tall fellow handsome young chapBe BRIL BEE aed Wt BUR 4: GOSSIPING; DISBELIEF; CHARACTER 79 goul seduce dir] past; unsavory background chiile] except; besides rénpin] moral quality; character [bénshi] ability tidnydnmiyii] sweet words and honeyed phrases zhao] attract; provoke zhuil chase (or run) after; pursue chui] break off; break up chajin] disappointing shangdang] fooled chicii] be jealous (of a rival in love) xiashud] talk irresponsibly guin] bother about xiénshi] other people’s business xiangmao] facial features; appearance [bajianr] tiptop; top notch [pai] deserve; be worthy of [xidnhua] fresh flowers cha] insert niafén] cow dung kéxi] it’s a pity; it’s too bad [daodi] finally; after all80 Be [LEXERCISES A. Fill in the spaces with the appropriate words or phrases: we e » wo 8 9 10 ABE A BR ABMS A . Choose the expression from the following list that best corresponds BEM RT we Mr Ri ALAS A AL RULE ORE LBURENARE TS EAR RAK F ANA EE ERR EAF fth. BABE EL MEM ATL JERE VL. EEE MEET HARI. AACA AM SUES, BRI Ha AS A EP . HGH, ERT ERA A! aa IRAN, DENRA, Si . fet AAD EL, RNBKT. ADEN SABRE AT TMI hh? WR? to the underlined words or phrases: REIGA EME ABSA REL ARR HEX XNSIL SHE SUL WAY9 4: GOSSIPING; DISBELIEF; CHARACTER 81 1 WANE SE ASE BLD, BAN RIYA RT 2 WESTER ABUT IL TL AB BR AE Wh wie A SA A my? 3 RESULT BAT, URAL AB JL? BRE Ze. 4 ATER ULAR EA AA BEAST, Ht A APB. 5 HFFA! PLINER NE. 6 SRELEUAUE, MARIE MP. 7 PATIBA FEA EAT BA T 2 30% 8 THAR WER, EASA! Fill in the spaces with the appropriate words or phrases: ARTAHUL REF DEA BE RIL BARA HREM Atta —-+t+A @ 1 HAW REIT, KRAMEMBES Wo SEALY. 2 BRA AY At eB KAT BR, GN. 3 RUSKARZS. this a] Jen.” 4 (i PARR AMA, MATAR AKSBT, MAA 5 MWA, SSPE HE LT, these ABS DERI ECE. 6 MEAT ISIE Tr AB 0 i Ab 9 We. AA BART HEAT82 AVR 7 RAMAN, J LB Aa tte. 8 ROR DL, HERD UR ABE, TERA, It ABO As Wh AB » AERBLARTAS 9 Aran BAAAAD, MOREA 10 RAR MEE PERE, BSP A. D. Choose the expression from the following list that best corresponds to the underlined words or phrases: ERAS BM RAR RD LE BHABHA SAM Wiehe 23) WET 1 BEI LAS A, SAUER, ZL 2 re wo 1M X LURES, HEDGE Fuk, ANS - SHR ATE CN A LALA TH SE WH LIS, AME, BRAM HEI. SFE, BEATTIE MPAA ER ONC ee OKT At EAE I BB, RSL A “BLA” ULES RATE A od, SB. Hh RI A Sith, IT LD ERAN AA Bt na x oo ~4: GOSSIPING; DISBELIEF; CHARACTER 83 10 AEB HRAT T , RABAT WR 1 A REE E. Fill in the spaces with the appropriate words or phrases: Ree EE RRIL FARK HL SEECE ASE LE WARMED HERE Be REET EAS EE, Be SORES. 2 HAS Ii NAGS PRL role DARED ABR, BLK, RSA | #. 4 gg ORI FEAAKIN 5 HORA BARISAN NEAT Wer Boe 6 GTA NTIS, FY EFT IR BE RK x WA UBER, ESAS, ME LATA, 2 ll? WWIX LA ABA ATEN, EAN ERB HA Ke Ty. ~ Noy BARE, AA BE, TRIE Ea SALE SUL.84 BWR ANswer KEY Exercise A (Dialogue 1) kA Pa ABIL RT (BR) Ld te F AL rH BLE (LAE... T) wt 10 RYU Exercise B (Dialogue 1) 1 Hebe 2 MSA 3 BIN 4 3UL 5 AR 6 7 8 Cod aur ONS age (HB...1K) HERE MAW L (HE... WIL) ARSAA EVE OAS... APE We) Exercise C (Dialogue 2) 1 BEA 2 ARP ATL 3 BE 4 BABY 5 4 JRL th KVF (0..tH) BRSARS B.A... #..#...) Atta BAR... ATA .. AY) oo NO Exercise D (Dialogue 2) — Fete Bide EY Saat BABA ET (BR. PET) eqn E.MY...) Faetic (ADE) ERA Ch...f4) 10 FRBE Ge... FRDE) Crnndnaune ONE Exercise E (Dialogue 2) DR ANE DE Nee BRL feet weet TE FE HARM GH... EMO BL (FIL..., HL...) Ke GR...) BE GRHE...KA) Cad aner ONE4: GOSSIPING; DISBELIEF; CHARACTER 85 I WHY THE CHINESE ASK SO MANY PERSONAL QUESTIONS? VE A: PRR PESCHL Reflective Culture You might have heard or noticed that some Chinese like to ask personal questions, even the first time they meet each other. They do not only ask questions like “How old are you?” “Are you married?” or “Do you have a girlfriend?” but also, “How much is your salary?” It’s surprising that Chinese people will answer these seemingly offensive questions sincerely. One explanation is that Chinese communication is “reflective” (RAR LE SC {): people like to compare themselves with others through communication and socialization. They think they will be able to talk or behave more properly if they know each other well. For example, some areas have the custom of using the terms of family members to address each other. People can decide to call you either“ KAP (elder brother) or “& 95” (younger brother) only after knowing your age. People are also able to avoid offensive language or behavior better when they know what would make you unhappy. So, the real purpose of the seemingly offensive questions is to avoid any offending. Why do Chinese people have to bother about with this constant “teflection” or “comparison?” On the one hand, everybody lives within the human relations of a society: you are the son of your father, father of your son, husband of your wife, citizen of your country, etc. On the other hand, according to the traditional Chinese value system, the individual is always the least important one in this relational society. The country is the most important, then your patriarchal clan, and then your family, and, finally, yourself. Your proper behavior or speaking must take into account your status, capacity, and position in relation to the people around you.BRE 5. Be A SF EB) LLL Ma, Bese w set 7 MAKING FRIENDS WITH A GIRL FLATTERING A GIRL SELF-INTRODUCTION . EXPRESSING LOVE AND AFFECTION [CONVERSATION A: Simplified PEPE, PRL SEE ANG BH, PAS EH SRE AR Ti. PRU: PREY FRAT AREIK TATRAM? PE EB JUS. GRAN: FENG? UR EE HS? Pill: = RHEE. HOSED RT LB Lit A, BL CEMA RLU GA— PB JLMEL, SRY peg ul, va Tal bee? T/A: Sa BRHESK. Fey: F/I EL, HEVIRIK, AESTTeARRS 5: MAKING FRIENDS WITH A GIRL 87 EHH PAE dit: There is a beauty in the lover's eyes.”) Everything appears better to a lover's eyes. (See page 95) In a bar, Mr. Gao and Miss Zhang, two twenty-something’, talk Gao: Zhang: Gao: Zhang: Gao: Hi! Why do you look so familiar? I think we met somewhere. Really? You sure you're not mistaken? I’m not positive. But it’s okay even if we haven’t met; let’s get to know each other right now. I’m Gao, and your noble name? I’m Zhang, without the nobility. Miss Zhang, I’m very pleased to meet you!2 JLB A, USF REV RB? PRET BEE, BER — RRA TLR TF BUREN. RULAB RS, BEE HEARED. » HAUT LRR eia Be “LA ATA”, BEKAU, TR-LBRREAOME, 7 BUTE REN AZ. 2 RARE LAN EB BAS AC me? FAVOR BIB ILA T! BRAUN AILS AK, AAA. BSH, BR AE Pet JLVGAS. 2 RUE, ABER. ALS LAAT, Ua WEAN EES FA EW. DU PRR T , BIEBER LIFE L, AACA AREA. AAA, Hers BANA BGA SR. ET, MATER AFOSR EAR?Zhang: Gao: Zhang: Gao: Zhang: Gao: Zhang: 5: MAKING FRIENDS WITH A GIRL 89 There are so many people here, why did you come meet me? You looked like a good person. I noticed as soon as I walked in here, and you looked familiar. There are a lot of people here, but no one to compare to you. I look like a good person? They say, “Know the person, know the face, but not the heart.” That’s what they say, but I liked you as soon as I saw you. That’s why we have to be friends, no matter what. Do you try to make friends with every girl who looks like a good person? Now look where you're going with that! I don’t make friends with just any girls I don’t know; this is the very first time. Honestly, even my friends I got to know slowly. Me, I don’t make friends with just anyone. But you can say that we know each other now. We might see each other somewhere. Just so you know, I’m easy to talk to and fun to be with. I never let down friends in trouble. You get to know people after a while, and you won't regret having me as a friend. Oh yeah, how about we exchange cell phone numbers and then talk some more?90 BRR Traditional PEE, UE SR, PA EA wk SAK. TUL: PARRY BR A 5 PB es PS PAT? EEE RCE Fe Fast. BRO: EG? UA ERB SS? mW: = ANCHE. He DARL DANE, Bue GRE: Se PEER. DER — PF GAMES, ROY Pay LL, weal A ete? i: Ge OH, MERE, AT! B/E: ie 5h Bl) dep RG: URS EE FEN, CORPS BES BUF? SUE, ERE AR LS TF WAIN. ARAB BS, RE FARR! Pea ht “SLA SO TEI AR » TR AS RRS, fT SURAT A AL HS FEAT! BRA ABA BY HABE BR PETAL HARE AR. eM: Te AUB ay, fall: PoE IS ERM, DART HE BC A 2 SRM: URAL ney? i: APRN AAA jt seca FERAL. PRBS, Ba WA ABE AY.5: MAKING FRIENDS WITH A GIRL 91. S/H: FRAME, ABABA AL. ANI SLU SRR T DUAN we FE AL. LL: APR RUG T , Phi EER, AACA ME BE. LALA, UE CNA Bae EA. AT, Meee PASS Be MI 15 BE ER? WER + FOCAL Lit AN AER “Ic doesn’t matter.” For example, YRS ER, HIE BUK. “It doesn’t matter if you don’t know how to do it;I can tell you.” + RRR Ga BERE... Literally, “Dismiss the honorable and my last name is Zhang.” It’s a polite form to answer the question: i# la] 48 HERE? “May I ask your honorable surname?” © FUR BU IRB? -FNG ([gin mé]) “Why on earth.” This is a colloquial form for ask- ing why. For example, AAS _LiR, (SF SBF? “We do not have class today; why do you carry your bag?” + RUEK-ARRB ART —HBRR... “See ... at first glance.” For example, MERZEM LI —HBR BEA LH HK T . “Yesterday on the street I recognized him at first glance.”92 FAM + RILASBS, RAE LALM. wa de..., ME... This is a pattern of concession, which means “... all right, but ....” For example, REFEREE, BEA $& J. “The watch looks good all right, but it is too expensive.” BEBE, PEGI BIL. “I'm certainly well on my way, but I'll be a little bit late.” + RILAZES, REEBKREM, HAE “not to hold a candle to”; ‘cannot compare with”; “no match for.” [L4_E “comparable”; “can be compared with.” For example, 46 AUB ATF LES E EES LR? “Is your house comparable with this one?” + iat AA” SAFARI This is an idiom that means: “We may know a man’ exterior but not his heart.” “It is impossible to judge a man’s heart from his face.” For example, (WAFFLE BG BUTE, 4 FRA PERRI TERT, BEA AN 'Bil! “Fe was a model teacher yesterday, and now he’ in jail for sexual harassment.” “Really, you can know a person’s face, but not his heart!” © REAR, TR LR AE TERILA Bi, AT... “Although you could say that, but...” “You can say this, but...” Also as HA AEIX A Ut. This expression is usu- ally followed by an adversative clause that is lead by BJ $E or BY A sentence with EEIXA PE expresses a different opinion with a softened tone. For example, USULGE It, BLA Jes WIM ATER PRL. TEER AB, BY ECE ARAL A, RAR _EYE! “Sure, if I’m sick I should stay home. You could say that, but this store can’t be left alone.”5: MAKING FRIENDS WITH A GIRL 93 + WKAR, RR — RR AA — SLAB... BR... “As soon as one sees..., (B)” LAF is the col- loquial form of Jil, or # Jil, so this pattern can be expressed as — Th... or — SLAF. GB... For example, BRAC F — LAF FR BGG, EAL ME. “My dog will chase the cat as soon it sees one; I just cannot stop it no matter how hard I try.” + ODUM BREN PUTA ABA... This is a colloquial pattern for “have to ... no matter what.” Here Bf} Zt means “in any case” or “whatever happens.” For example, KA RUUTA WE RIFAVA. “1 have to attend the meeting no matter what.” For example, JLZE tt TARA RT. “It’s too late now no matter what happens.” + ARB ILET |! VEBVBILIET This is a mild negative form for “what you said is wrong” AE ZI B8 J L3z Tis also often used, which is a mild negative form for “What you are thinking is wrong,” For example, if'a wife asked her husband: (REAR AEA TEA T , ZB T ? “Do you have another lover, and don’t you love me anymore?” The husband could answer: #7 (AE B18 JLIE TT! “What are you talking about?” + VASEE, RAAB ES LUG VEST (SCIF [shihual] truth) “Tell the truth”; “speak frankly.” For example, FRAKES, ROA AAA UR T. “To tell you the truth, I do not believe you anymore.” + RM, ABET. JRE When the particle ME is used in the middle of a sentence, it needs a pause and often contrasts to somebody or something. For example, $QME._ is used to emphasize on F& and contrast to other people. For example, (RK EP? FUEL, PLEA HA 3%. “You like to go online? As for me, I just like to watch movies.”94 BRM + AS IUASUAIRT 42... Regard as ...”;“count as ....” For example, {tL A] LS — AMER. “He can be counted asa writer” WKHAIEA, HEE J ABE. “You can consider yourself lucky enough to catch the last bus.” + DUS RARE A Ee. PARSE “Perhaps ”; “maybe.” For example, JEANIE {th BARE J. “Maybe he’s already left.” ARUN IE FAY. “It might rain tomorrow.” + RRA UAILIESE TERI JL “good-natured”; “amiable”;“easy to deal with.” For example, {HAF ULE JL, HERR AE ARABS DY. “He is very obliging; he will help whoever asks him.” + BAER JE «Work together (at the same organization)”; “*be fellow work- ers? EF FER “easy to get along with.” For example, ABS AEA {RIK AFTER. “That man is ill-tempered and not easy to get along with.” © BARA, IER RIA TK. BARA “Time will tell a true friend from a false one.” “Time reveals a man’s heart” For example, HSA EPEIEA I HELEN, PTFE A SLAG, 85 Se SS TE TF PERVA. “although he doesn’t know us well now, time reveals a man’s heart. He’ll know what kind of people we are sooner or later.” © OMT MANERA EAL SBE A? HTT “Oh, ah, by the way.” Xf T is a parenthesis here, used to change the subject when the speaker suddenly thinks of something. For ex- ample, IFAT. WT, PINE. USE IE5: MAKING FRIENDS WITH A GIRL 95 NZ T FEKIFAMG. “Its time for our meeting. Oh, you haven't had your lunch yet. Go have your lunch first before the meeting” + OT HAE E RLS eS A Be? 50... FB... “First ... then...” Ei RIS, BUCO TK FERG UR. “1 always drink a cup of water first after getting up in the morning, and then I have my breakfast.” [CONVERSATION B: Simplified KFS AJA) 25 ETH IK, MUP: BR EDR AD ET, URAL UR? FZ: TEERB| RLWEE GE RAR RP UF: BLAIR NRA AIRAY. FPR PRBS, PAN Ht HY ENS. FAB: WA, RAE T , AABN LIE. OF, LZ MRET, AGRI. MA: ASS LER” FT ERE LA TILE BN? fe S LD Feb J! BRA SCHR gD, KB: BONE AUL PARRY Ba” Wee BRAN PIR FRB RA BH, GORA Tob LE XT.9 BRM x % 3) mI “ x = Se ol BURA BY, — SUA, Bee Ae RT PEA EBAY, 1h RIE ER AA RE, THRE LR OBE ESR aah! YAEL, OR MLA Bett RE, YL AS CBB. (SEG? (HARA, TS RT RRA. RE OR” BCR. (MMA By? ONE, PBL — PTE. BARS Lie EE, 2A HH RE ALBEBE T , PRUE 2 PRT SALI. BEAN ORE TW T SR? ~ OO ~ oO HU: ARAL MANE SME, BLN T BERET fe FICHE hr 5 Zs BR At We? LOAN Ae A VP BK Ah, PR Hh AK, AANA, AE, BRITS BDL. RRA AE WL. BAAMIF, LOWRY. WL, RPE T B-UKAS, BABREAR IBA. BEA RAIA ET, BRT FR, ABUSE FB? HAP EARP SN, RARER HE. He AK ME, THM Tt RT. BRUIT A IL fe EAT5: MAKING FRIENDS WITH A GIRL 97 Fang Liu and Yun Zhou are chatting in their dorm. Liu: Zhou: Liu: Zhou: Liu: Zhou: Liu: Zhou: Liu: Zhou: Liu: Zhou: I’m in love with Wang on the basketball team; you think I should tell him right away? There’s more than one Wang on the basketball team, right? The one with the thick brows and big eyes. Don’t play dumb with me; you have to know who I'm talking about. Ah, I know, the one who’s the shortest. Hah, fell in love just like that, that was quick. ‘What “shortest?” How can there be any short people playing basketball? He’s really tall! He’s the cutest one on the whole team. Everything appears better to a lover's eyes. So that’ why you keep running off to the basketball court after class these days. You've got your eyes on someone. I don’t even know why, but my heart jumps every time I see him. I think he feels something for me too; he looks at me differently from other people, and he greets me differently, too. That’s love! Maybe. Before I didn’t feel any different when I saw him, but now he’s perfect no matter how I look at him. You know, he’s a good person, too. He knows how to make you feel special, and he’s nice. That's the effect of falling in love. Have you guys dated? Not yet, we just talked once or twice. I want to ask him out tonight and own up, what do you think? A bit fast. Why don’t you get to know him a bit better?98 PRR Liu: Zhou: Liu: Zhou: Liu: Traditional Dating isn’t like marriage. It’s easier to know him better after I tell him. Then what are you going to say to him? Isn’t that obvious? I’ll tell him I like him, want to go out with him, because he’s cute, he’s a good person, and he plays great basketball. Then I’ll ask him to spend some time with me every day. Really now Liu Fang, that’s really direct of you. But, after all, it’s your first date. How can you just put it in front of him like that? If he thinks you're too aggressive, and politely tells you no thanks, how are you going to save face? Face schmace, I don’t care at all. For things like dating, getting rejected is better than missing the chance. ‘Whatever I do, I have to let him know I like him. SMASH eRMRK. BU: RE LRRD ET, PRR RAAB E arth? PEER REE EE AAR (2 SLAMS AIR AD. UPR ERRERS, fe AY EDS. WOR, BRAG TY, AE BAA Be A FR. ft SE MELT, Wet.m 4H ee) 5: MAKING FRIENDS WITH A GIRL 99 APE SERIF) EROS LA AA LIE A? Aaa SAT aT! ER CRBC th Be Bc, SANE EAM HG” We? PEA WAM — FREER, BORA Tbk XT. BU 7A EN, — Siti. BS et PARE BIN, th Be HR HR GA AS BK SRE A US Je ALT A! TAY AE EME. Sik A ft HSS BE, PB ES EB SRE. USS? th ARB, BT PENT RAR. FERAL “CHE” BR. ART er eG? HELE, BEAR — PA a. BARS Foie b wae {US HR ERA BT, (init AS BER? RT AG FEM, BEA AS EAR APPL A? RRA EUS, BAT SERB. FS Os 28 HG AS PE BR tbc ME? FEA HL? Bot a ER, Bh SOHAL, Ay tt eA BNR, A SUE, BRET 9 WR. RRB AM Lo. PRES, HAN. WE, BRE RT B-KAG, BABE A100 ALR A. BEARER AIEEE T , RST TF Re, ASS EP? 215: HEE PRR TEM, RARER ME. HAE MN, RAEST TS th RT. Bea ae fe AU EA T ERE + UPR BES 35/8 “Pretend not to know”; “feign ignorance”; “make a pretense?” ft, ARBRE, SUL E SOREL BEAN RIAL T . “Hee said he knew ita moment ago. Now he fakes ignorance and says he doesn’t know.” © WA, BET, LAE ART LB. WA (UA [6] Oh! ) “Oh!” This is an interjection that is used to ex- press understanding. For example, WH, Ji 2K JERE! “Oh, that’s why.” "8, FLAW A. “Oh, I see.” + UW, BRST LAE AB SAN) Ld BY. AN JL “size” or “height” of a person. For example, VI THEWE JL SBLIRI? “Who is the tallest in your class?” + WE, LT, BRIN. Wi ("4 [he] ah, oh) “Ah”;“oh.” This is an interjection that is used to express surprise. For example, Mit, SUPA T'! “Oh, how scary.” Mig, ALTE! “Ah, it’s so beautifull” + BREA LACT Ae bd H(A [shit] be reckoned as exceptionally) Here the meaning of 2L is:"*be reckoned as exceptionally (good, bad, etc.)” For example, APRERUELIED. “He is the tallest in the school.”5: MAKING FRIENDS WITH A GIRL 101 BNE vA ABR BY ae We? TAA BEB EH HE (EEA. (ging rén] lover, sweetheart) PRIME (TE iti [xi shi] the name of a famed beauty in Chinese history, synonymous with beauty) This fixed expression means “beauty lies in the lover’ eyes.” For example, EAR EDU AT ACER RR FEMI BIL, OFT EE tA AAR HH Be Um. “Wang Dong always says that his girlfriend is the most beautiful girl that he knows, which reminds me of the saying, ‘Beauty lies in the lover’s eyes’” RAR AVES AY ARSE BY “Don't know why (that)” For example, #408 1), RIX LAE ESE AE BORER. “1 don’t know why, I’ve had nightmares for the past several nights.” BLAH MUON BSE BB) OY... ATRL “be disposed to be in love with ....” For example, KABILA, Be EL ht A, AE Wt BR ALE AAPBYLAT. “During our college years, I wanted to date her, but she was not interested in me at all.” ORE FFB Literally “electrify” which means “feel chemistry” or “feel a spark” when used to describe the feelings between boyfriend and girlfriend. For example, BQH th EIR) LATIN AR, — ALK FENDER TE ABBA, IT LAAN HY EZR HAZ. “When I was to- gether with him, I didn’t feel a spark at all, so it’s impossible for me to be together with him.” SOR Wht Bet Zo RE, FY LES eS Sa HP BL. BBA colloquial pattern to express “no matter what one does... the result is always ...” “..., it always leads to ....” In this pattern, the first “...” is a verb, and the second “...” is often the102 PRR result. 4&4, an interrogative pronoun, is used in this pattern to in- dicate the general nature, condition, or manner. For example, {HE FEUER T VE ANEE A UEUT. “She sings extremely well; no matter what she sings it always sounds wonderful.” «AAG, AT EAT, RRA. YABPE PE [tido} nitpick) This expression means “flawless.” Tell- ing somebody BEFEPk means “It’s flawless, even if you are picky.” For example, XH FALL FIVE. “You couldn't find better oranges anywhere else.” (WAI HRS AS REVLAGBE. “His attitude toward serving people couldn’t be better.” A AE, PT PEAT RT. FE A short form of BF, “love dearly,” or LPF, “dote on.” For example, % FIRE) KL. “Lao Wang dotes on his younger daughter more than anyone else.” IX fA FFE AEN. “This child is really lovable.” © fh AEB, PISA, RAT. WEBEL (EEA [pi qi] bad temper, irritable disposition, temper) “to not have a bad temper”; ‘“to have a good temper.” For example, $& TET ABA, th MORAN LER. “Our teacher has a nice per sonality and never gets angry” EAT ERA A. fhe BRA, RA RRL FWA. “Lao Wang has a bad temper. He often gets angry and takes it out on his children.” © PAL J Lie EE BAY HH OR ER BRB EB “No longer keep it back”; “let it out.” The expression means “to speak frankly or openly and make one’s intention’s clear.” It comes from the phrase PET , “raise the wick of an oil lamp and make it brighter.” For example, FUER PRA T MEL, BAS A RI5: MAKING FRIENDS WITH A GIRL 103 ANE. “Tl be frank with you: I don’t agree with this.” 3X 347 PEA. “We'd better not state it so explicitly.” BOTS HGR. TEARS... This expression is usually used at the beginning of an imperative sentence to express either dissatisfaction or admiration. could be used at the beginning of a sentence or a clause to express disapproval. ... is usually a person’s name. For example, 2F-¢KS9K3E, FESR EER ERIE. “How dare you, Zhangying! You dare to talk back to me! He, BRWART VX VEBIK “On the other hand” This is an adversarial expression, usually used at the beginning of a sentence as a parenthesis to introduce a different opinion or situation. For example, {H3X7S A fb SE UL, UAE TE BUD, PR AEF S15 A BENE? “Yes, he is not very capable; however, even if you are capable, what can you do?” RAT BRISA TABS BAR..TRA...9 A. BOPP... AUG? This is a rhetorical question, in which the first “...” is usually a pronoun and the sec- ond “...” is a verb. It means “Who on earth does ... like ... does” For example, "B75 RIX Z BCE RE. “Who on earth runs a business like you did?” This pattern can also be expressed as: 77... JRF... IMS? For example, (REIL EE, A PRIX AERA EN Ni}? “Really, is it even possible to date someone like you did?” BEREAN RWWA DIE T , RRA FRE, MEA Fa? RERATF Ale [peng] bump, hit; #K [ruin] soft; 47-F [dingzi] nail) EET means “meet with a rebuff”; “hit (or strike, run against) a snag.” 4K £] “F, literally “a soft nail,” means a mild or tact-104 ARB fal refusal or refutation. 27 UK 4K ET F All means “Reject you politely.” For example, MFARBRISFRIR DTK AE AB, BERET AS RETF. “Yesterday I went to borrow a book from Xiao Zhang and was mildly rebuffed.” + BEAR AMRAITE TSR PR, BEA Fa? ¥F&@ Literally,“‘to step down from the stage or platform.” The con- textual meaning is: “to get out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation.” This expression is often used in a negative form: FAS RA, FART B, BIE EF Bor RUE F “be unable to back down with grace” For example, (RAL 449 ISA & ABR BEX (EAE, fh BEREAN ARR EL, PRE FAT. “You want to discuss this matter with him in front of so many people. If he does not agree with your opinion, you will be unable to back down with grace.” + HAFRRF SN 4t&...AB...F8 A colloquial pattern used to express “I don’t care” or “It doesn’t matter.” For example, when somebody says that it is too far to go somewhere, one could answer: TAIE NEM), RAE T “No matter how far it is, I'll go there anyway.” When somebody says that it is too difficult to learn something, one could answer: {fZ POR MEZA, BODRIESZSS.. “No matter how hard it is, Pl learn how to do it” And when somebody thanks a person for paying for a meal, the person could say: FZ #&7AVERAN, MEME AZAR 3X#2, “Don’t mention it; we are good friends.” + RARE A...WE “Just don’t ....” This pattern shows emphasis or stress. For example, fh 32 JE NAME A PEMA. “It would be strange if he5: MAKING FRIENDS WITH A GIRL 105 didn’t know.” (HIEDES RANG? SRA AAWE. “Did he say that it would be hot today? It’s not hot at all.” + RAREF IE AREF “Don't care” or “don’t mind.” For example, } NZEF-Hl) AME Witt. “He does not mind what people say about him.” [[vocaBuLary aA miinshi We kénding FE qishi Bb diochi AR feiddi Ui gizhi Fi zaishud Sik stthud BE TE sufbian Ait bagud nénchu hSubui jidohuan shoujt hioma mishang bazhi look familiar sure; positive; definite actually; in fact everywhere have got to; must temperament; disposition what's more; besides common saying; proverb random; carelessly but; however difficulty; trouble regret; repent exchange cell phone number immediately; right away not only; not merely106 BRM YRIA AUR néngméidayin EE yinxiing BA yaoba EAMG guiibiide JR yuanléi LB xintido ARH yanshén FTHRNF — dizhaohit ean ginjué BR xidogud HE yuehui met shuaigi wate tongkuai AATJH A dandiozhiri # Thai thick eyebrows and big eyes impression otherwise; or else no wonder; so that’s why so; it turns out palpitation; rapid heartbeat expression in one’s eyes greet somebody; say hello feeling; sensation effect; result date handsome straightforward come straight to the point aggressive; fearlessness The ningyuan would rather; better AATF péngdingzi meet with a rebuff KR wi miss —__—_ LEXERCISES A. Fill in the spaces with the appropriate words or phrases: HARAL BRE he MT Ft RASA RI BEE EARLEw N 9 10 to 1 2 3 5: MAKING FRIENDS WITH A GIRL 107 RETR E, AAA LB, Ik ALAS Ae. PATER MF? » POSE BEAR AG AN, ESE very fa). TBF TE ILA K, BERBER RE KEFT. ORS HB DBR TF AE AK (KES ME LW? » Uti Ls, RAR SHAM. hie ANF UTEIE AN SL, AN, , APE MEANT T APRA T PRA Ay ABE BRERA, ERE AT HALINEIT A. bt, ane. PETERS HEAR DG DUS WG, 3E ASRS SAE BR Tad tb: a Ba RE? DE tl ENA ERE, ERAS A . Choose the expression from the following list that best corresponds the underlined words or phrases: HMA BS FE AJL «=A WAH HEE FU HBIILET Hk ORAUFP SEE, WE T tht e A, —[alAE, — Le. KARUS AA FN, (REA HG BS PE? AB PATS ER Pik THE BAF ANE A Bb?108 ARB 4 HITS, AR HEAT, AT ARAB TA a Patt IU fe AAR, ER EAB AE SCH a fener, DCH, 32H ET ENT, PY A BSE 7 MERE, BLA th BEE. BE: PRT, REEKE. ” oo AIA ARG, ARR BLIR F, REE A aK BUN. 9 AWB, EK“ Pe) LEIS a HEHE, MAE HY fa. 10 WARE IRAAZE A, UBB te SF Bh SE FAMIALD. C. Fill in the spaces with the appropriate words or phrases: MER HR FA MIS BR SRO Fe ME RH NL TAA SEL Di 1 fee BEET NOSE BAS We. 2 ____ A EI LTE 2 IE 3 CERO T, ULAR RITTER. 4 ASEH SAUER, Bt BORE, BAA SAE, 5 ALBEE Oe WORE KE WOLHE, FAVRE, AS FE DA5: MAKING FRIENDS WITH A GIRL 109 7 HET BAD FL, ANS AS 6 TERE, WERE we PRAT LAS HERS PAE? ER? 8 EM, FG i EN, EAST eB! RUA IAM T RAUL, Bit_ EULA 75S KF? 10 TRAARA RE, fe Ah PE RA EEE, BEANIE A, We x Roy 1 REGWR—TA BIL ASE, BE, HE &___IN, RAM. . Choose the expression from the following list that best corresponds to the underlined words or phrases: RET MATH AREER BRAG PRA Pe BABE A XA ACER | PARI BARKED HEM AMER AKA, ANI PBDEAEA, nA TARA T 2 ee AEA St) LAH TT BORE, MIRAE ik. LEMAIRE, IT LAER AS Ut ‘OSA Te BEL EH SEE, AN BEI Z, SRSA TAL AB. 5 ROWUEERESUAI OSA iH, — i AE i RR OK, 6 ae RAS AE A A BT ABST, TLL BE wo -110 BAR 7 UBUD? th ALARA ZE! fat LE AND. 8 MARMARA LN? RBM Ebb Ay. 9 WETTER YAR, Sot Zs BOR, ATER ZE, At HB TR. 10 HAAR, BR: At ae 11 ERIBA FEI (EAE! FPS sae mT [LANSWER KEY Exercise A (Dialogue 1) 7 WB ILAET 8 ——R (fg...) : ne 9 REIN (afb, BU.) 10 WHA TAte 3 H..) “a... 4 iE 5 wT Exercise C (Dialogue 2) 6 HARAY 4 7 ALA SUT LY ; . 8 BE...) 5 oh 9 RHREZE (RGTRE...) 4% — i — i it 10 — SLAG (SLAF. J...) 5 ett Exercise B (Dialogue 1) 6 Fe 1 RE 7 ht > 14 8 RS HES.. 3 sta 9 TM BIEDK 4 one 10. tA BR EH Pa ~ 11 feb ER (ft 5 AJL a np) 6 HRKAR5: MAKING FRIENDS WITH A GIRL 111 Exercise D (Dialogue 2) 8 KARE Ot. A) BALEA (BA. 1 eRe 9 pax A (BA. 2 MEF 10 BET MATH CATT: 3% 1 BABA COMB... 4 Ph 3&4... 5 BASE 6 ARVEANT 7 AANAME (AP...We) [[cutture NOTES When talking about marriage and friendship, the Chinese often men- tion the Buddhist concept &, “predestined relationship.” China has a long tradition of Buddhism, and today a lot of Chinese still believe that % is one of the most important concepts of Buddhism. There is no exact equivalence for Buddhist 2X in English. Some people suggest it means the combination of karma, fate, and destiny. & is an abbreviation of JZ which means “cause” or “principal and subsidiary causes.” Ac- cording to Buddhism, there is no phenomenon without cause. Every- thing has its 2x7 “genesis or origin.” That is everything is in a certain kind of relationship, and is limited or conditioned by other phenom- ena. Accordingly, all the relationships you have with other people have “cause.” Even if you met a stranger unexpectedly at some corner of the world, it must be because you have the THI 4 “predestined re- lationship to meet once.” So you meet your girlfriend the first time is because you have the 44} “lot or luck by which people are brought together.” You get married to your wife because you two have the 4 % “predestined marriage.” You get divorced because your 4} ER “Jot has been exhausted or finished.”BANE 6. ix fh thé TE AHR IENE ? ACCLAIMING; PRAISING; COMMENDING . BEING PROUD OF SOMETHING . SHOWING AFFECTION [CONVERSATION A: Simplified Js ARAMA BALE Fa BRIE, AEA ATTA ABE PA EG AE vi: PRAT, Bate. Abii: GE. HBR RT LEE, Ae AY, BREIL, thE BRILL. AR: BURTORE BM ht ERM. i: TRUER, AWA BIN. AS, OAH EAE. pk: WE ERT ME, = 5 SHY, FEBRILE A RGM HBIE T. yah: 8), ATER. wp!6: ACLAIMING; BEING PROUD; SHOWING AFFECTION 113 PB EATIE Gics“the face is shining”) Look good. (see page 120) Dong and Qiang are watching a basketball game; their school is playing against another school. Dong: Xinping is so good, he sinks every shot. Qiang: Of course. He’s shooting right in front of the basket, so it’s no problem at all. You haven't seen his long shots; he also makes all of them. Dong: I really haven't seen him play much at all, Qiang: Then just you wait; he’ll show you a move. See, look at that pass. Dong: Ah, nice pass! Aiya, what's up with number 3. He got the ball they stole.114 ANH DAR: SUB) LATE BF Aah: BEAL, BOUL. ABPAORR, ofthe 2 FE BP. (BS R, EAL. eH, Meh AR: BROKE =] MIE, ANF RAST. ANS: SGA MET PEAT. RATS, + FREE. BILE, HALRB T, thE PF. bis UREA F Sa! PLACA AE OK BR, si: IER T Bt ULE, BEERS SRD! Traditional SSAA GREE PBR IS, AE AAP PAB Sd NS PAE EE. ASR: BPR IUT, Bate. “bee: ABE. BERL, NR AY, BEL, hk ERR. AK: FURTHER. Ahi: ARR, AA FIN. UA, Oa thQiang: Dong: Qiang: Dong: Qiang: Dong: Qiang: ASR: 5h: NBR: Aaa: AN RR: 6: ACLAIMING; BEING PROUD; SHOWING AFFECTION 115 Yo, they're shooting. Good, missed! Nothing compared to our Xinping’s shots! That's right, no comparison at all. Look at Xinping steal. He’s an expert at this too. Look how fast he is. No one out steals him. Alright, long shot, sank another one! With all these shots, our school should get the championship again. Does it even need to be said? We’ve been the champs for the past two seasons. I guarantee same goes for this year. These last few years, I’ve seen every game; I haven't missed a single one. You really put in the time! No wonder everyone says you're a basketball fan. Besides schoolwork, there’s nothing to do anyhow. There's nothing like watching a ball game. WE, ASAE | SCE, = SS RRA, FEERERA RAE T WO), ALAA. HF, 4 JE LAT BLS BLE, ETL. BRA, iat ee WP. WAS Hi, AIAN. EF, HE, Xia! JERE HERR, MPR a tt rf Ty.116 ANTE a: PGE MST ee. RAT, S EES, TSE, RRMA ST, (Higte FP. ANH: PRATER RDA! PEA AWE Pe ERE. “safe: IER T SBI ESE LSE, BA ERE Bai: Will WEE RPA, — a —...Hh... “Once ..., then ... must happen.” This pattern shows that _.. is a natural or inevitable result of .... For example: (SHH BA, —2£HRZS. “You are so smart. Whenever you learn some- thing, you get it immediately.” + ME ‘A colloquial form for “Sure it is.” or “I could not agree more.” For example, “AIEEE AAI. ” “ABEL, ITLL KA AE BUIE Wk. ” “Being overweight is bad for your health.” “Sure, that’s why people want to lose weight.” + PERSP ATL BLAS, Ae Be BE A 4E...BBRT “In front of ...”; “close to ....” For example, {39 E ZEBAER AT. “He lives right next to us.” (RTEFRER AT LAS SEARU-RLNG. “Don’t be shy in front of me.” + AL AETS EER AT LEE, A BE YBN “Unimpeachable”; “really good.” This has the same meaning as YU. For example, EAI PICU BLN. “Xiao Wang's Chinese is really good.” 3X LAN AUFF BE. “Can't complain about the weather here.”6: ACLAIMING; BEING PROUD; SHOWING AFFECTION 117 DEER, thE BREIL. —/MEE “Whenever ... happens, he (or she) hits the sage ” This is a colloquial form for the pattem —... It... and emphasizes...” more. For example, {hI TH847 9K y, HT — AE. “Hesh shoots extremely well, and he never misses the target.” REBEL BMT ERE WEG... This pattern could also be expressed as... When the question word 7&4 is used together with BE orf, it means “not quite” or “not much.” For example, ILA BA “PRR. “It didn’t really rain these past few days.” FRANZ BAAR XSLT. “I don’t really know much about this place.” IRR EAS, GALA RY 3E—F. (HE [lou] show) This expression means to show off one’s mastery in something. For example, (W/E AKIE E>, AT PLA REM show off in front of others whenever he gets an opportunity.” ea Ty! #87 (Ha [jué] superb; unique; matchless) A colloquial form for “superbly good,” used when praising someone’s skills. For example, fb Via 7G 44 T. “tis paintings are superbly good.” = SSAIN, ERIE ARMA T. SEZFN “What is wrong with somebody)?” This expression is often used to show dissatisfaction or blame rather than to a ques- + “He sings well and likes to tion, and it carries a connotation that “it shouldn’t be like this.” For example, (5 AHR EY, AWE TIE BEBENL. “What is wrong with you? It’s so late, and you still haven’t done your homework.”118 BNR + Refbt RE FEF “A good hand”; “able man.” For example, {Fi 34 J FUER. “He has such a good hand for work.” + RRR HERR, MTT BME T $E—FE= “One after another”; “in quick succession.” For example, TES GE IE HER. “Good news came in quick seccession.” + PRAM! MST Pima. FEIN BE “That goes without saying.” An often-used expres- sion for emphasis. It carries the meaning “of course” or “it does not need to be mentioned.” For example, “SEE UKE TW, BIZ LARA. IGE, DBA AIA. “You should see a doctor if you are sick.” “Of course, but I am not sick.” + BIRR, OLE. FT PRES Same as 4] £1.54, “vouch for”; “to guarantee.” For ex- ample, PHT RR, MESR—-RAK. “I guarantee that he will come today.” AEMEASFY AS ABLE AFT PRES. “This isn’t something you can guarantee.” + PHUCKRBE T, SH Bee. YEF G& [1a] be missing; leave behind; lag behind). “Leave out;” “be missing.” For example, {391 I, YF T 7 EWIAIR. “He missed a week of lessons because of illness.” + PKA PAR! FIDH The same as FTX, “devote time and energy”; “con- centrate one’s efforts.” For example, AVF REE ANE INE AY. “You cannot learn a foreign language well without effort.”6: ACLAIMING; BEING PROUD; SHOWING AFFECTION 119 + BRIER T SBheHt ARLE. BZE A colloquial word used to express reasoning or certainty with the meaning, “anyway”; “anyhow;” or “in any case.” 7S BA, WS RSE EL. “You must do your home- work today no matter what.” RIEWA—N A, PULP. “Since someone has to go anyway, let me go.” KIERA ALR. “Anyhow, I do not agree.” + BARREL! SORE OME yin] addiction; strong interest (in a sport or pastime) “Satisfy a craving”; “enjoy oneself to the fullest.” For example, IX 2K WAT SL) LAF LLIGIG. “This trip really did the trick.” AY FEERIEA FE ELIME. “I really enjoyed watching today’s soccer game. [CONVERSATION B: Simplified BRED, FGA MITE ES. BH: RIT AICE AD, WER BAe? SOME: PAAR, ETE BR Bid HH ORR BE BRE ET 47 "bi, ERRREME! HEL ARE Ae? FH: HEME A! UST PEER, HEAL DAFT. SOM: RIAL, (ALES ABEL AL S JLBQBE OBE EHR. RATEBEER! FH: FAT, MBE! RATA. BELLS FEES AT TE BLES IE.120 BNR Sour: NL, BORSEARBUL!...(B) BOWL LAE RRA AR! LAU? BH: ER. UE, WT TUPEIL. SO: | BORER HE, Re ELE, HERI LH 2s, Fe EAI. S97: ERM K REEA. Uk, BAR? sos: «| RH. BEATARIENL? IR RA LET! 895: WS APA PF! Ait, Tee... (B)IESE, REKBSNT. SO: | AE? GRA AMA, KA RHR LAMA Fl AMET EROS REE A? HAGA NERA EADS T Ye. Wet ANE TNSB IL. KE: OWT HARB, RIE RBAAAA KH LAWN. 2, RAM ERRER TK, K Hata! BH: ISIS! WBS AL! It is Sunday morning, and Fang fang and her husband Wenli are at the mall. Fang: This clothing store just opened. Let’s go in and check it out.6: ACLAIMING; BEING PROUD; SHOWING AFFECTION 121 Wen: So all that fuss and it was to fool me into going shopping for clothes with you? Fine, you wanna shop, let’s shop! That's what I get for being your husband, right? Fang: That's my husband! You'd better keep your promise, and not flake out on me after a little while. Wen: No problem, you can shop for as long as you want. I will go with you all day long. I'm a model husband! Fang: Knock it off. Bragging again! I’m not that addicted. Shopping for an hour or so is plenty; you don’t have to pretend to have a headache. Wen: Well, that’s more like it! .... Business here is hot. What are they selling? Fang: Sweaters. Look, that’s the new style. Wen: Do you want one? Look, the color of this one is great! If you wear it and the two of us go out, I'd look good standing next to you. Fang: Teasing again! Here, let me try. See, how is it? Wen: Not bad; do I have taste or what? Picked it out with one glance! Fang: Oh, impressive! But, it’s expensive... Actually, I have enough sweaters. Wen: Don’t want to buy it? Look how lucky I am, my wife's pretty and thrifty! But how could we go back empty handed? Others will think that I don't allow you to buy things. Fang: No one should be concerned with our business. Wen: But, then again, Valentine’s Day is almost here, I was just worrying about what present to get you. Well, let's just say you gave me the idea. Here, I'll pay. Fang: Ha-hal You really know how to save yourself trouble.122 SANE Traditional BRED, GML REE. FH: SCM: FF: \¢ ir x So oH ; FH: iE TBA I I, ME A? FUT ER, EAE BUG HH RB RPE IR ASE AT! 4 TMi, BERR HE! ERR IE ORS AME? HEE! UT RAR FRE BL BART. BEVEL, URE REL A RLRED A! 4 FEB BE ABE ER. RT RRMA! 49 T WE, RARE! EET LAR. 38 FOMTMT TA UBCR BU. IN, ESSN! (BIE ER EK! SET Be EAR. ORE, ABREU. BBR th? WE, BAS a ELE, NEG SRE Ss, BUEN ATIE. MRM OK, EEE. Unie, EE ARSE. PEAK? ARB LIE T! 18, APS PF! AS, 1a SR RE ST (B) IEG, REKA BINT.6: ACLAIMING; BEING PROUD; SHOWING AFFECTION 123 SOME: ALL? BBS A, AE F! AGRE T PRUE? fil ARAL AERA A FORDE T Ye. BA: Mee ONS MSE. Soar: AT, HA RTREIT, RE BRA AAA ONE. 4, RAMFRRERT. KR Ee! FFG: MRM URIBE AY! WER oF TER, FE BC aia HOR BR RE RAS OR T Fd TER (il [nao] go in for; do; make.) Literally, “after went in for it for such a long time,” this expression is usually used when someone suddenly realizes someone’ reason or purpose after something had been going on for a while. For example, XJ LAK Ait RRL Wi, WT ERK, REAR BIE AEE A ALOR. “You've been blaming me for not caring about you over the last few days. All this time, you wanted me to get you a birthday gift.” + FM, RERRZENE! Bh... “Ok, ....” This pattern usually conveys a sense of resigna tion. For example, RAMA ZIG, RIEWA RENAE. “Fine, don’t go. There’s nothing important going on anyway.”124 BNR + WLREKZAW? HBAL....WE This is a rhetorical question that carries a connotation that “there is no alternative because of ....” It usually precedes the reason why something has to be done. For example, RBA RAZ THEIL Fi SMe? “We can’t go today, because it is raining.” + AS AER PERAK This is the same as ULI SE TE: “honor one’s word”; “mean what one says.” The negative form is Bis ANLAL or Bit ANGAG. For example, AAT HEA, {RUT SE. “This person is very reliable; he always means what he says.” Jil fra HA, ith NBNEAR ELAR. “Don’t trust her. She never honors her words.” © BBE LRAT IRFT A colloquial expression: “Quit.” One usage of FP carries the meaning of “willing.” For example, $&) LFA MBCY, 4 RABE AF LYE ARF OT. “My son doesn’t like math. He always quits after a little while.” + ATE, MA! PAGE «Talk big”; “brag”; “boast.” For example, MBAR RAE SEPLAIE. “His shortcoming is that he likes to talk big.” + RYWMRAKRS. YB ORB “Not that crazy about it.” This expression is used to show lack of interest in doing something. For example, 7 LA 29 ALA KROF? (HAVA AMRYE. “You think that he’s com- ing? He’s not crazy about coming here.”6: ACLAIMING; BEING PROUD; SHOWING AFFECTION 125 XR ZENS IL! 227NB A colloquial way to express “more like it” or “not bad.” For example, (EVRA D KEWMALE T. lp FEANTA T 44 T SB. “There’s no excuse for the ‘D’ you got on the last test. This time is more like it; you got a ‘B’.” RWILERRAK, LH AMse 2K A colloquial abbreviation of 41./K: “flourishing” or “prosper- ous.” For example, fH AIC J LIL IMBUK T © “His restaurant is really taking off.” BAER? IK... Often used colloquially asa substitute for another verb. For example, 27 FQ AE EY HEXS T ME, “Pil get the Kung Pao Chicken.” Here 3K is used to substitute for the verb “order.” AK, BOK. “You take a break, I'll get this.” Here 3K is used as a substitute for the verb “do.” EE Ze! FE A colloquial form for “excellent,”“fine,” or “strong.” For exam- ple, (HMI 5 7 HEAR T . “His handwriting is excellent.” Pui EAI. I®_LATIE Literally, “light up the face,” and the contextual meaning is “to be beaming. ” The negative form of the expression, ft EFC, means “to lose face.” For example, {W713 Z UF KUL F, at LAG. “He feels proud having such a wonderful son.” MER RAM (EZ [shui] play; XE [pin zui] garrulous; loquacious) This is a colloquial expression that means “to be garrulous.” For example, {BEE ERIK LATE, UR TNFR. “Don’t talk to him if he is garrulous.” Ea126 SANE + AEM? ATHBIG “Have foresight.” For example, (HEA ARIE BO RR. “He is a statesman.” + 18 APP! JAWS FF! A colloquial expression for “having real skill”; “know one’s stuff.” For example, ISS KAAIA PS FF. “That doctor is really good.” + GREE FHA (AL [fi gi] good luck; good fortune) “To be fortunate.” UAHA, FIAT. “You are really fortunate to have such obedient children.” + KAMER XSMAF! 420 HF “Knowing how to make ends meet”; “good at getting along.” For example, UREA Lt, BRA AFAA— FE. “With any given salary, it makes a big difference whether or not you know how to make ends meet.” + Reba T ERMA Il ZS? 28955F “empty-handed”; “without taking anything,” For example, WARE AIR I? 15 A 2845 FBR? “Didn't you go shopping for clothes? Why did you come back empty-handed?” ‘th WOR W283 EEA BMG. “She never visits my mother empty-handed.” + Et ANETTA. SE 7RAF (4 [guin] bother about; be concerned about; intervene.) “Have no right to intervene.” “It’s none of your business.” For ex- ample, ABSEBA LAA RISE IL, URE RAF. “That is some- thing between us; it’s none of your business.”6: ACLAIMING; BEING PROUD; SHOWING AFFECTION 127 FRIE RRL KATA ALE. BAK “Worry”; “be anxious.” For example, He RAEA, BAN FAIELRAR INE. “Ie won't help just being anxious. We have to think of a way out.” 4, RAMERAER TS. SER (EK [zhs yi] decision; idea; plan) This is a colloquial expression for “make a decision.” For example, #1) ERE AER AL ZEUS, BI AN FE ER. “Now I just can’t decide whether or not to marry him.” K, Rea! #9) “Pay out of one’s own pocket.” A colloquial expression used in talking about who will pay for something, For example, SFGX AUR, BEL. “Today’ meal is on me” WERK SAR ANALD) FE WET HIE EL? “who paid for the boss’ gift yesterday?” URBIBE 2 4 SE LEI! £3] Also as {f) £2, “although.” This word is often used to indicate contrast or concession. For example, “RULE (S1FERS, FT BS KRABI T. “I's easy for you t to do it." DAE AER T , BEEZ) has come, Xiao Wang has not.” UM BIGER BAILY! BH (F [shéng] save; omit; leave out) “Save trouble”; “simplify matters.” For example, HRHE1T ALG )JLA SIL. “It’s more convenient to travel by joining a touring party.” {W/E BEA fA BR, ARBs save himself trouble.” ‘ay it, but it’s not so easy YORK. “Although Xiao Li © “He is irresponsible in his work and just tries to128 ANH J vocaBuLaryY TEBRIE — langitsii hae bisdi ANB biéshud BE toulin Aap juédui FTE digit FERR chudngitt #8 giing R ling jh guanjan jx jis BRE gitimi ARE fazhuing Ba péi BOG méfan “KK zhangfu ME gebi Be shéngde BE jiizhuing SKYE touténg AE shéngyi SURE shiyang Ge piaoliang TEACH qingrénjie basketball game match; competition let alone; no need to mention shoot a basket absolutely play ball passed ball snatch; grab quick; clever champion (measure word, similar to “number of sessions”) (ball game) fan dress; clothing accompany model; fine example husband ‘one or two so as to save (or avoid) pretend headache business; trade style pretty; beautiful Valentine’s Day6: ACLAIMING; BEING PROUD; SHOWING AFFECTION 129 EXERCISES A. Fill in the spaces with the appropriate words or phrases: tee Re RE ME SAmN BF wT VaR 1 FUL, RNY PERE. ABE: BARRA. ” 2 WEARMAEBILINS, ALN ARE . 3 RMT EMG FE, TRAD FR EY HK —. 4 PAST, MA Cr Lee ne, ANGELES HT. 5 (ye ER BIS ERLE, IBAA BY Vi] 25 BK r nee 6 RA, OTEK EG EL ! 7 ORO, EA VRS ERB, Rw GE PARC BUTE Ze 8 TAME MEERTT Ee, HIKE, . .° RAKIN AEM WERT , WELT!130 BANG B. Choose the expression from the following list that best corresponds to the underlined words or phrases: BEANE FREE wu = AE AEA ROS RRAL FIR EVEN a BAY DL A Ma IK, ALI SE SCE AE. eee 4a UE, ER LEP ME KS 5 ap BEECHER LMA. LA, Hot a] 4 BEAR BUREAS EIA F327 BLA AR BERGE, (AALS Bae KBH. 5 USE ARATE LC SEH ES —, LAEAE IM Tn] AE Hy J 5S Akl. 6 ARR EB, AN Mae I AE HAE 7 BRIANA SMS BR, ULL. 8 ARORA T , WA AEB DWE BLE T | 9 Fill in the spaces with the appropriate words or phrases: ERMA AFT BRM WAI AARIE aK BBA IK EAIG WATCHER BRB EE 1 SARS — ee 1 PSU 2 VEE, WALT A AREA EAD. 3 KBP BARR? BOSRLKA BARB SSL.o 6: ACLAIMING; BEING PROUD; SHOWING AFFECTION 131 4 A ILBUE, ~SILBEL, URAL AB HM 5 HAE SESA, WIAA, MRR. 6 PD INTE AIRE SE 2 IRAE FR 7 BOL PAARURL ES, BIST : 8 qT RHR, FT ERE TH A, He wt Ty. Roy Wy 10 BELA RF th RL MET UMM R AS TAR ye PARAL BOG EER BRI LA EA? BK 11 BEAR OR 5 SERB, HS . 12 FORA AE BRIE —5E GRE T , HELERR Fe We. Choose the expression from the following list that best corresponds to the underlined words or phrases: AMAT ZF BRR RFT ok BER REL I RR NEO 1 RAPS AY eI SCF PLAST, KSA. > UCAS AASB RELI IEM T ORAUT X 3 AWB SCARF AZ, AY Al SC BTL ABLE EEE, BSL A MB AAE. +132 BANE 5 ANB, SBC A ABR TS 6 PULF AHERN, A OTE Hh SE ee RNA TL. 7 EDS ALBERT, EV — BR) LIC AA A 8 AAMT rite, BAR, ARR PARE. 9 BRAT AR Salih Fe, RS BE AS tesET. 10 WBA RRC AS HE AAG Ls SE i RASA ALS, RAS BBA, Aes Oi Fal ft 1. 12 tet "DPR SHO, YR a BOE6: ACLAIMING; BEING PROUD; SHOWING AFFECTION 133 LANswer KEY Exercise A (Dialogue 1) ABE wT wer aE a F RE Hae FE Ra (—.. Bh...) CmrI Au ENE Exercise B (Dialogue 1) BoB BOE= FBGA Bi FT REE FUR BRAD JL #e.. FRR) “ME (—.... -7ME) BEAN UREA...) eri aur one Exercise C (Dialogue 2) 1 AAR 2 4H 3 RRR 4 WATER WIE ABR RAYE BRE BABA KRE 10 Ae kA 11 ARAM (...wE.. ME) 12 (EE HELE...) Camidrdan Exercise D (Dialogue 2) * fi BRB Le AT RFT HL SER auaFt 10 BAF 11 Win 12 RK OR...) CaY AUR ONE134 SNH [Lcutture NOTES Chinese people like the word #ii, which means "good fortune," blessing," or "happiness," and often use expressions that contain #fi in both spoken and written forms. For instance, the mascot of the 2008 Olympic Games is called #4%E, which means "good luck dolls." Also the Chinese often put a large character of #1 upside down on a door to show the wish of having a good luck. This is because “#i”{3l] J (“the “# is upside down,”) is a homophony of “4” 2] T (“the Hi has come” or “our good luck has come.”) The two expressions have the same pronunciation in some dialects. The following lists are Chinese words and phrases that containing #4.Those in group (1) are basically in colloquial style, and those in group (2) are in literary style. Group (1) FAL happy lot; good fortune #84) — good fortune; good luck HAH face’s appearance shows good fortune. F#fi luck to have good food E48 — thanks to you ELAR enjoy a happy life; live in ease and comfort AIR4% the good fortune of seeing something rare or beautiful BA grow stout; put on weight ARH a photograph of the whole family; hotchpotch (as in a dish) Group (2) 484) material benefits; well-being; welfare #842 lucky star; mascot FATT — Gospel; glad tidings “HH (elderly people) enjoy a life of ease and comfort6: ACLAIMING; BEING PROUD; SHOWING AFFECTION 135. Sea happiness; well-being; happy HtH being benefit to; benefit UH blessing; benediction WAHBAH(K — stuck through thick and thin Wat -GIE share trials with somebody AA AREA HATA 4 share joys and sorrows; stick together through thick and thin. Boe we .7. HET AL, MER AE RA FEAR Te 30 RIVERA, Braet feb F ASKING AND GIVING DIRECTIONS . SAVING FROM GETTING LOST . ASKING FOR A PERSON e EXPRESSING GRATITUDE ° MAKING MODEST REMARKS MAKING A FRIEND [CONVERSATION A: Simplified PP AACA A TS, EERE RIIN—TEA al Be. BE: KAS, BRIT UTR. 1367: ASKING AND GIVING DIRECTIONS 137 AYER (lit-“che heart is hairy”)To be scared. (see page 138.) Xinping goes to a rural area to hike and gets lost. Seeing an old farmer, he asks for directions. Xinping: Sir, let me ask you for some directions.ae TB ERG: FW, (ESB JL? BOX) LICL, BAER AE HPT. AR BE BI SEIN, IRS ILA AR I, SRE PIL MELB ERE T $: X/LA AREAS BM, WRRBT. GQ JL AGE J LBL BAT) L, AAR ERE. MXAKT, Bb ERRG, TRALEBT. + WRK, BARAT? (LER EBM. ABA ST! NLL Be iB 7? 5: A AE. (REN LEER AEE, — PSOE ES DER. FEET. TRUE T | ERIE SP A? 5: ANA BE, RawAT—. BAG, tf RAM. FENG? ARERR LEM AT A [a AER mei! WILLE BATA L, BL Be BET AL, PERE T 2k, ERA, HELP ERR.Old Man: Xinping: Old Man: Xinping: Old Man: Xinping: Old Man: Xinping: Old Man: Xinping: Old Man: 7: ASKING AND GIVING DiRECTIONS 139 Oh, where do you want to go? I came here to hike, and stupidly got lost. I was going to go back to town to stay at the hotel, but now that it’s almost dark, if I can I’ll just find some place to crash for a night. It’s thirty li to town, so don’t go. Up ahead just a little ways is our village. Don’t worry about finding a place to stay there. It was getting so late, I was getting scared. Thank goodness I ran into you. Don't worry; I’m going back there right now. Just follow me. Thank you very much! Is there a place to eat in the village? ‘Yes! There’s plenty. Go to the village and find a family hostel. For 30 yuan a night, food, bath, and lodging are all included. That's great! Can you please recommend one? Actually, my family runs one. If you think it’s good enough, you can just stay at my place. Really? That’s wonderful! All my problems are solved! Up ahead is our village, you see it? Go into the village, walk along the road to the south for a little bit, turn to the east, and my home's a few steps away.140 BH flee Traditional BELA IR TS , TEZE BA AFUE BY: ERR: OE: ERR: Kas, BST Be. WR, BEDS 5h? PAE FUG LL, ROE Sa TAN REE FURR MARIN, PUTER AA ABELR TS , BER PUTT RS EBLE T Ja RRM E TS BH, RBBT. HT ESA URAL BUN 5k, RE PEER, VORB, BARLET. > BAK, BORN TESLA? (teh LBOENE. HIS aN ANS TAS OREN BE TS? 2 AVIA. UDO ABE Be ABE Hie, — 73088, WZ. VER. ERAT. FUE TD) REPRISES Sh Ra AS? : TRARERL, BRA LT AB. BEAR AR RSE, TE RAR. SENG? FRAN ie Yt PE AR mi! BAUM ALPINA LR? He ON i I HERE T £8, ERROE, HERAT ERAT -7: ASKING AND GIVING DIRECTIONS 141 WER + BUTT UTNE. BRARTT MF... “I'd like to ask you about ....” “..." is often a measure word or a noun. This is a colloquial pattern for asking for information. For example, 7)\=E, FR PRET VTE SE. “Wang, let me ask you about something.” « BIRO MUE TT. A LUBR (HR [hieu] muddled; confused) This is an idiom with the meaning, “muddleheaded.” For example, {HME FM _E MB mE TOR EAP RIN, 41 SEABP AB RUE. “He was drunk last night, and this morning he was still muddleheaded and couldn’t do anything.” + AS ILAMRR T, 3XSL_ A colloquial form for “now.” For example, FERIA fb FTE TA, WHI SS LANCER. “41 juse called her, and she is not at home now.” © BABBLER MEMBA i LRT. BF A colloquial expression: “make do.” For example, XJ Lit KA—ZAMIUH, UAE — WU. “There is only this small restaurant here; let’s make do for a meal.” + RILA ARES BME, MRBET 3B... (AB [béng] don’t; needn’t) A colloquial form for “don’t ...” or “needn't ....” This pattern is usually used in the imperative mood, when asking somebody not to do something. For example, {EE ERR ABE) L, URABER ALAR“. “He always does things like this, so please don’t be upset with him.”142 BH ae © HULL ANE J LL BRAT JL, AN ARER RK... (RK [chou] worry; be anxious) “Not to have to worry about ...,” “it shouldn’t be hard to ....” For example, 1 JLE HVE, ARK GAH. “This is a travel area, so it shouldn’t be hard to find a tour guide.” + PRART, ROBARE MB... T “Already ....” This pattern is usually followed by a conse- quential fact or opinion. For example, FR#B= FI PT, AE — 5E BE] AE—YAK. “It’s already been three years since I went back to China, so I have to go back this year.” + RP RRS HE... A colloquial form for “continuously ...” In this pattern, ... is averb, and Ef. is an adverb. For example, Vr BLAB TAF A T th, Whey 7- ELBE. “When she was told that she was ac- cepted by the university, her heart was pounding with excitement.” ALERT BJA, BEX AEB. “He stepped on my foot and apologized several times.” + RPA RE BEE A colloquial form of “scared” or “frightened.” For example, WA RABI, fd RARE, AREA with YESZ>J. “He was frightened when he learned that there would be a test today, because he didn’t review at all yesterday.” + SAMLET. “54... (FF (kuide] fortunately, luckily) FF is a colloquial form of “fortunately” or “luckily.” 9 4¢..., “luckily ...,” is usually used to explain the reason for saying something. For example, 1X HAFEAMAS, FARLK, REF AREK J. “This car has so many problems. I almost bought one last year —luckily I didn’t buy one.”7: ASKING AND GIVING DIRECTIONS 143 WAS, KILA EBA? IXAK....G? This is one pattern for rhetorical questions, which is used to provide definite information ... or confirm a fact .... The meaning is often: “Isn’t ... true?” “Doesn’t somebody ...?” XB is a short form of IX AE, so the pattern can also be expressed as IX ANE... M3? For example, BOWE HUAN? thik AN) BAR J 1552 “Wasn't I right? Hasn’t she come already?” Al! AEE. AT BEE... “Have a plenty of ...,” “There’s no lack of ....” For example, (RARE Fa J Wil? 5 a) RL, 6) LAT AE PS, PEAT —j§2 2S HE. “You want to go window shopping? Sure, there are plenty of stores here. Let’s go together.” This pattern can be simpli- fied as #7 [4], when the content of ... is clear from the context. For example, (la) 0) LAT BA} El? AY, ABE. BRT UKs. “Are you asking if there are any Chinese restaurants here? Sure, there are plenty. I'll take you to them.” AE VE, BAIS T —*. ARWRPEVE (Hii [min] hide the truth from) “To tell you the truth.” This expression is often used by a speaker to provide personal infor- mation. For example, Hi Bl) 324H 35, AWS UL, BRM TG BRIF RRMA ZS T . “Talking about piano, to tell you the truth, I began playing when I was five.” BERRA (ERA MT. EEEARGEF (GF [xiangi] dislike and avoid; cold-shoulder) “If you don’t mind, ....” This colloquial pattern is in a very polite tone, and is often used to make offers. BEAL 7NURF shows the politeness, and ... represents what is offered. For example, $R{1]3 Fa FeSEIA, AMIR A A. EEN, BERR WIRE ILA, ETE T . “Although my house is quite Ht144 BOE old, there is a guest room. If you don’t mind, just stay at my home, and don’t bother going to a hotel.” + Bp MBA! FENG This is a colloquial form for responding to others in a con- versation, and it is similar to the English “oh” in many ways. For example, BT PRE. Ze EM? AH? Wang: “I bought a new car.” Li: “Oh, really? What kind of car?” + 2p Re! FFE ARLAR “That would be superb!” For example, E:“fkHill AVIRA RIERA. MANERA T , ARR HOMES, » FE FENG? AS LGA ANIL! Wang: “I happen to have the book that you just mentioned. You could save a trip to library, and just use my book.” Li: “Oh, really? That would be superb!” + BREED T 22, JPR EE... This is a pattern for giving directions:“Toward ... along the road.” ... refers to the direction. For example, PIIILPR FE Fae, 3 —7MLARIT RENT. “Walk toward the west along the road, and you will get there after passing a traffic light.” + ERLE, 4€£... 4H This is a pattern for giving directions: “Turn ....” ... refers to the direction. For example, #R(E BUZE, TEATS. “You walk ahead, and tun right.” + HELP RERRS. JEJE “Walk for a short distance.” JLZ7 refers to a short distance, although its literal meaning is: “a few steps.” For example, (R@, #5 FEJLEE REIT. “See, we are only a few steps away now.”7: ASKING AND GIVING DIRECTIONS 145 [CONVERSATION B: Simplified RULE T Be, HFRS TC, BIR TE BI T Uy. RUBIA TPE eA, Daft ge A eg: HEM: eg LL: RE: ml: EH: FFE: WEB RLE FEF M62 BBEAL, MEAE...(B)? FRAY GL, PERI LER. BUR BSH. RR, BATA, BTA, MPRA MAL. (RIE shim! RLAE REIL RE, MEP. TEP, IE ARWKW ENE. BRERBS AR, RURA BRM T Rt LWA, ME T BR AR RL. Hey Hols, TL — FRAG MIS BIR MH eT, MRL AAT ER LER AEE. MERAY ERT BEM oT, BARS LBA RR FAB , RB LAE BIE AR LA FRE? SH, 3 RE BR — LR, RUCK. TEERAT AEM! BALA PPR RL, RRA BIL.146 BH lle Wau: HEM: YET BRAAE TS! LAER, BAT A UCR. BA, ol BMRA. 5 AT PEAS LRA BR, BUT AK S? RMSE. BRED, SRB eT. : RACER OREN, RABAT. 1A HE, MASE AS A AL, DA a RE RARE 1 JL, BABAEF. eWE, W690, 1 Zp LIES AN R. AEE ERMA. BISA, FRED T AUL. PRE KEAUK, ABS FLED L aR) LIZ, TMT? BUA, SIFDK DASH RLF. Shan Gao lost his bag. Zihua Qi found it and returned it to Shan Gao through the police station. Shan Gao finds Zihua Qi’s workplace and thanks him. Excuse me, which one is Zihua Qi? Lam; you are? I'm Shan Gao. The bag you found yesterday was mine. I came to thank you. Oh, it’s nothing; it’s nothing, just what I was supposed to do. And you came all the way just for that!Gao: Qi: Gao: Gao: Qi: 7: ASKING AND GIVING DiRECTIONS 147 In the bag there were several thousand yuan, and my passport and papers, and also my plane ticket tomorrow to leave the country. If it weren’t for your honesty, I'd be in deep trouble. I’ve lost things too; I know what it is like to lose something important. I imagined what I would have felt, so I came straight to the police station, and told them to hurry up and find you. You saved my life, or else my family would be in a great mess, and I wouldn’t be acting as if I’ve got nothing to worry about. Here, this 500 yuan is a small token of my appreciation. Please take it. I can’t take this! I just did the right thing, and it didn’t take anything on my part. But you helped me in a huge way! This little gift, you have to accept it no matter what. Or else, my mind won't give me any peace. Taking money for doing the right thing, what does that make me? You have to take the money, whether you want it or not. If you don’t, I’m not leaving today. I see that you mean it, so I’ll be frank. Let’s do this, let’s get acquainted, and if I have anything to ask of you later on, you give me a hand. This money, you keep it for now. You'll be needing money now that you're going abroad. It’s my luck to have a friend like you. Honestly, 500 yuan is really not enough. Since you persist in not taking it, then let’s eat together when I come back, what do you say? Sure, we'll get together after you come back.148 BH fale Traditional ME TB, OP RE TE, IIR TE Ee au, PRL BUA FEL Pee PR Ae, te ee se a uu: aaa P UAL LAE Re PEPE: PURE, HE....(B)? Buu: = — PRM RLL, MER PRAY Be LRA. Be RE RR 48IN. EE, OR, BETTE MLE, MERA ME. HE AP! Miu: = RR TBR, EER. PE, ARVANA OR. BAERS, R RABAT. WEE: Rib AIO RH, MME T BRR RR. Hees Goes, It LP ES BUI BTS TO TE AAP ER kG HR Mu: MST LRT RA AT, BANS BU PRET, ROM RARE ER RD HF? BE, TARE Bh, aa. WEE, RTA RNA PR, TE. TYRE T BRA T | BAA, aR EE WICK. BA, Rly BIMBBRE. = =7: ASKING AND GivING DirRECTIONS 149 PEP BE: WT PPM SLA RR, BT EA T? FUN: SRS Et PU, BEE A, SRS xy. PEER: FE RU RRR NT, ENUM TSE A, MEAS AL AC, URES RABE IE 5b, EC RRIF. 1a, WARE, 1 BR FRILL ARM RHR. RU: GEAC EAR. REE, FABRA AED T BASE. BERR — EAL, WBE FREI AR DME — PR SUN WAR, ERAT AMT? ISTHE: RAAAUA, SIAR LL ee — WEE + BALE Tt F462 WBA A polite way of saying “who.” For “Who are you looking for?” SEL. example, £48612 + TR RHA, TA, ABER IL. WAT “I's nothing.” “Don’t mention it.” ” This expression is often used as a modest way to reply to praise. For example, E:“Un##i 3% RABI AE TA, BO EAGLE. Wang: “You helped me a lot!” Li: “Don’t mention it; I didn’t help much.”150 BEM ie + 0ST! 8°]... With the literal meaning “especially ...,” this pattern is often used to express appreciation. For example, 8X4 {HELUF, WE te AERA BS. “It’s very nice of you to make so many dishes for him.” + REGEN EILFRE REP IR. UE, ME..., HE... This pattern is often used to express the meaning that there are both .., and .... For example, KAP BAKA HR? MEA MHE#! “Why is this street is so crowded? It’s full of both people and cars.” + BREERETK, RARASRMT. EERE..., FUR... J This pattern is used to indicate that if... would not happen, then the consequence would be .... If... and .. do not share the same subject, the subject of .. “should occur before F ay BL... TY. For example, 7A LBA PMY ERR, BEAT IB $l] J. “Ifyou hadn't woken me up this morning, I would have been late for sure.” BEANE UE REMIX Z PE, ARIAT . “Ifyou hadn’t reminded him to do so, there would’ve been big trouble.” + BRERIRE AUK, BO ART AF... This pattern is used to suggest that something negative will happen. ... can be either a word or a phrase that refers to the negative situation. For example, (54th MEHR BGZPE! CATA EY "BJ. “Look, you crashed her car! You will be in big trouble.” © RE T BAAR GAR. BEURIL (BER [ziwei]) “Taste”; “flavor.” WEIR often refers to a negative experience. For example, (Ht ARRAN, (Bib at ARSE ALT FEAF HEMRIN, “He is very healthy, and he said that he doesn’t even know what getting sick feels like.”7: ASKING AND GIVING DirecTiONs 151 Hedy Holy, PTL — FAG MIS BIR TZ T He Hy CF [jing] take) “Put oneself in another’s shoes.” For example, HEARS ALE! METS MISE, MATRA Ee AAR, 48 FEANEL. “Anyone can run into difficulties. Let’s compare his feeling with ours, and help him.” BARS LEAMA ALB , BLE “Muddle things up.” For example, “Rl HE A EEA READ READ, ASAT RRELE T . “If each one of you acts as you please, everything would be in a muddle.” SQUIB J LAE RIZE IX BEE LAB? YER LAADURY “Seems indifferent.” For example, V5!) AJB Abit, MABEL SAMAR. “No matter how much other people criticize him, he always looks unconcerned.” CH, RTARRERN— ADR, AN FE IB. “A small token of one’s regard.” For example, Xf — BULAN ERB, SURED EAS. “This is a small token of my esteem, just a little keepsake for you.” BALEBRT FRRNBL, ARLE... “Ie’s only ....” ... is usually a phrase. For example, #& MEATS, URINARY. “I only made a joke. Please don’t feel unhappy.” RRA BL. BR... HE [i] consume too much, expend something too quickly, be wasteful) There are several fixed expressions for the verb-object struc ture, #..., such as FLBH, “need or exert great effort”; HAF, “give or take a lot of trouble”; $#%, “cost a lot”;and HEL», “give a lot of care.” For example, {5% TUF & AHL AR He Mai a.152 B-6 lalBe “He went to a lot of trouble to get the computer repaired.” LEH a> T, BUYS! “Thanks a lot for taking all the trouble.” + HMAT RAT! kh “Give ... a lot of help.” “Be of a great help to ....” For example, 3X3, (78 T BUMTAIE. “He helped us a lot in this matter.” + BR, ROPE. SLA This is a fixed expression, “feel apologetic” or “feel sorry.” For example, K4EE J (th ABA & ITA), BE ARAL BEAR. “1 feel very sorry that he has spent so much time on this matter.” + RACEROWRIN, ane (WK [chéng] sincere; honest) This is a fixed expression meaning, “earnestly and sincerely.” For example, 4X A WU IR HLTH By th, th FEB. “He must feel very grateful for your earnest and sincere help.” + RAREEAT. BL... BA (BA [keqi] polite, courteous, modest) “Be polite with .. is usually a pronoun or a noun. For example, MATE WW, AE HERR ABA EAL. “We've been friends for a long, time; please don’t be so polite with me.” + DRE ARABE L, GA RAEF. SRB CK [git] beg; request; ‘ [zhio] used as a complement to another verb) One meaning of this expression is “need help from.” For example, BORA US HIRE JL, SULEMSAIR. “You didn’t have time when I needed your help—you only come now.”7: ASKING AND GIVING DIRECTIONS 153 + RRA NUL, MARAE. FEF “Give a helping hand.” 44 is a measure word in this pat- tern, For example, HEA (WA FAT 42 IMT AR, BRA Ath HT 40F. “When he was repairing his bicycle yesterday, I helped him somewhat.” + HFRS LIE EF ERAS Ai DP3EJL A colloquial form of “work” or “handle affairs.” For exam- ple, {HEZ7EHS LID AEEJL. “He is going to do work there.” © VISA, RAR RED TAIL. FAREED T AIL. FE... T BIL “Yes, it is quite ....” This pattem is often used to show agreement. For example, KASH HLAEIA T AIL, AER ABFA. “Yes, this dictionary is quite old, but it’s still very useful.” © BA, DRL a — Pe) LR. ¥E18) Bi “No problem.” This expression is often used to make a promise. For example, “(WJC ESE FR A EG Hg Ta] 2!” “Are you sure you can fix my car tomorrow?” “No problem,’ [LvocaBuLary KF daye uncle (a respectful form of address for an elderly man) Sh xiinchéng county seat; county town Hes Iiguin hotel RE jiating family Ta yixitt one night154 BR le PRIS méfan to trouble; bother THA jidsha recommend fete jigjué solve; resolve; settle; dispose of; finish off sy shin along Ea] guai turn KA pibao leather handbag YR AR paichiisud local police station; police substation i ting (measure word, similar to “number of trips”) PR hiizhio passport TEE identification; certificate FREAK shijinbamei not pocket the money one picks up Dt zhisfa enjoin; tell wer yangi fortune; luck BEY jiran since; as; now that a [LEXERCISES A. Fill in the spaces with the appropriate words or phrases: BLT AMEE Felt a MBE MER Be RM 1 KAKM, HPT, BAREIAT RT. 2 RBM LEE RAT. Ave: ? ABATE = TL.” fo7: ASKING AND GIVING DiRECTIONS 155 3 BN BEEBE, » BABA HK Rea. 4 WEA AO? AN FE SUG AR EAL AR. 5 RikAY, RAAB ERE L, BE AK. 6 ALAA ARE SAA, BBL: « ! RTE WPL Ha 7a TM. 7 PR BARE T, ARAB BK, 8 NTT AR, RM BRL, PR . 9 Kina Fe EAB. 10 PREALE FAB BI, fi te RW T Wy? B. Choose the expression from the following list that best corresponds to the underlined words or phrases: 1 2 3 4 5 AW RKSIL BF RE FROST OT JL ARK Ai SAE NE LRA LARA T ISA LAA RRL T, BGR AIAN, HEE ne. FET MEN, SR ER RE, HET i. wait PEMA: SE FD TS, PAR th SAN BR BUT HANH FR ANB SEI SHE.156 Btw MER 6 BAS OAS RIK, F PR LEAT ID Be Eh 7 PRAES L. Be AR EME. 8 HR, Fae SE LED LBEH? 9 SARA EK EAR, ETA ta BN AB T C. Fill in the spaces with the appropriate words or phrases: WMA RG DL ME A WOU NR PERIL As AU HF 1 BURA RRS, BORE. fh Bi: ~S PRI.” 2 SRB PARED. 3 LIER BREET, Bk 28 BT RAL. 4 MEME, AAA HVSEIL, (hea FCW. Jn 5 PRL ERI — RL WERE. 6 RES LAD EET, RHE 7 BK SATE, 1 RGR. 8 WARE ARAL, MET IR BAIA, 1X F TRG T. 9 REMEE, MRBIE tra! 10 BOREAS FL AEF BA ABR, BEAN EAB T he tk, BEM T. 11 BEATIAR QL AT MB? kK ERA, ARI -7: ASKING AND GIVING DIRECTIONS 157 i} D. Choose the expression from the following list that best corresponds to the underlined words or phrases: HOE BA ARE eT mM ALAS RT AUL HE GAIL BELO BR 1 PAPAS LAOH A? 2 FIXZ KT, (ORME, KRU T 3 ALBA EAS Tb, RBIS ND), ASHES T Mb. 4 RAP AU, BOGS, FORSHEE 5 ABS SA OZ T=“ SBUR, HEA ANOTHER, 48 AE AN BL We? 6 ems PA MENA, ME AT LEH 2h tt AAR, J BEAN TE We? 7 AMEE T %, RHA GT GT, AE ET BE LAS fF I. 8 BUSI, RABIN TER i, RT TR WB. 9 FNRI LIX AF ATARI T , EAR MT A — AL ASME, 10 SRE ILE, EK, RARE XIE. 1 BARGER, WEA BRAIN, PT RIE MS158 BR flee LANSwer KEY Exercise A (Dialogue 1) a #23 ARGRER Bi BSL ENF ASAE AN LAR #® (#...T) He (GB...) fedtta CHE... tA) 10 AR GRA...) Card aAun er YN Exercise B (Dialogue 1) NL Ai Ai...) RE RAIL ARR RRR...) BA ARE Card aAuUe one NUS CUBA...) Exercise C (Dialogue 2) 1 Bre 2 PAL 3 RIL BRAGTYT GREITMT...) Bel ANAS, WERE WR 8 (A... T) BA BD 10 #4 GBT...AID) 11 UE OU... MH...) Caoidw ane Exercise D (Dialogue 2) BAL Sl) (St...) Bela BL HOF ae Heats ttods BaL MON ABLE (ALE...) BAL GR...) 10 BT AUL GE... T RUL) 11 BARE (BRE... w...T) Cardy aur ONH7: ASKING AND GIVING DIRECTIONS 159 I TO VALUE JUSTICE ABOVE MATERIAL GAIN In China, you often see a group of Chinese fighting to pay the bill in a restaurant. If you offer to pay a friend after living and eating in his home, he might think it’s an insult. Chinese have a long tradition of valuing justice above material gain. As the saying goes, “A man of virtue will seek after righteousness. Similarly, the mind of the mean man is conversant with gain.” Most Chinese words related to X (justice or righteousness) are commendatory terms, while those related to Fi] (benefits; interests, advantages, profit) are not. For example: MCE righteous deed CE high-minded or chivalrous person SCtHE moral indignation Mf or MH righteous army WLAAS XL Seeing profit, forgetting the moral principle; Double crossing for money; Honor and profit lie not in one sack; Two dogs over one bone seldom agree F< FF Profit makes wisdom blind; Wealth makes wit waver; Greedy for money. BAS 8. RAR RS A HAT THESN ASA CF MERT AR IssUING ORDERS MAKING A REQUEST [CONVERSATION A: Simplified Axl, A MET =] ABC He. PAA Ae ie — RANA WBA TA: SEARATIICE! WALA, 13 LIA. CREE AE. ARAN ILL? Ap: SHRBRAS DL, BUS, IRIE TH SAE URAC US, PRE EB BI FWA NEHA, LURAT PBEM LAY HERB, CEA? BLE AAD BYE! BET RATT Ke TVA, 4 J LER ARE BD, BME, BURL IBS. BERRI, WRB A? 1608: IssuING ORDERS; MAKING A REQUEST 161 NS FE BPRS dit:“try to find bones in an egg,”) nitpick (see page 171.) Liu, Shi, and Ding are going to Beijing on business. They are eating out at a restaurant on Sunday. Waiter: Liu: Good day! Please sit over here; it’s less crowded here. Here’s the menu, what would you like today? To be completely honest, for me, looking at menus is the worst thing in the world. Especially your menus in Beijing, they've got all these absurd names, and you get so puzzled that you're dizzy. Last time I got an “ants up a tree.” When they brought it out, what do you think it was? Ground pork stir fried with rice sticks! Is that funny or what? So, today I’ll just listen to you; whatever you say, I’ll get. I like light food; what do you think I should get?162 3A/\ RE ARS A: Axi: WSS READ RB AAI” , BRT « ee IR GE” UE mm. (ie, SSS b. BURT, wt BA, SPOR TCDA”, FESE “RRS” SST EE, BE AEH BBE ADUEBELE. AH BUAME, QIEWASER AM. AGERE RIG, BRIA T PSF? GEAR T WBA T | BAAS BERG, ABA AN BER, AAT! WEA Ta T ANP NU, HEAE PAT Aa. 2 FRAG LAY “ak et” A RS EEE” Br FLRRUE BATT “AKA” SEE, ATE BR FARE, WEAR TBR, AERA? | SUL BURAR IL, BASSE “ARR” TT. DI HEAT AMT? IAD” BS DRAVAEE, — TRE EC, EPUB. LU, RD BDI, RID RABEL AT, TAREE, DBAS TFT UME. FBZ te ARR, BRUCE ARE. BREE “Hs URE A” HE,Waiter: Liu: Ding: Shi: Ding: Shi: Ding: Shi: ‘Waiter: Shi: ‘Waiter: Shi: 8: ISSUING ORDERS; MAKING A REQUEST 163 Then for the cold dish get the vegetarian sampler, “Grand Harvest,” and for the hot dish order a “Seafood Tofu Stew.” Sure. He was born a rabbit; he likes to munch on lettuce and carrots. I’m a tiger, I only like meat, so give me a “Wuxi Ribs,” and give me a “Crispy Chicken.” These two southern dishes are good; it’s just that they're both sweet. I say you should stop eating so much sugar. So what if they’re sweet; anyway I don’t eat sweets every day. You've got early diabetes; I’m acting for your own good. I can’t worry that much! I can’t eat this, I can’t eat that. Do I go on living or not! Really now, Ding, you're going to throw away your life for your mouth! Miss, recommend some fish dishes, please. Our “Water boiled fish” and “Squirrel Style Fish” are both good. I’ve always heard that your “Water boiled fish” was good, but I’ve got a bad throat and can’t eat anything spicy. Can you make it without peppers? Without any peppers it’s not “Water boiled fish.” How about we go easy on the peppers? It’s impossible to say how much “go easy” is, one pepper is “easy,” a handful is also “easy.” Last time I ordered, I kept telling them to go easy, but when it came the dish was red. The chef said, that was the least he could put, only a small handful. And I164 B/E Ax: FES SAB BARR STA, BRD, WS AEAREN T Traditional DB DG MET HABER HE. BAMA BS —KAAHNA AR. HRS A. FEE | AM, Te SRT. TES BR. A RAMIE SETTER? AS: ‘REPRE, Ue (AU, BURBS T A) FLUC HUSK ML, PRR FE AA, We AT. EU BRT (ial “ae LE i” HR, ER? MARS BYE! USAT RATT? LA, SBS HSE, RULE, BRAGG. Be IR (HD, eset Bh TB? RBA. ABYSS SH “ORM” ORR {el “HEE IR” ME. Bl: Be LT: Ge, POP BG LE, wR, SPR “ASR HET” PSE RE “APBRRE” Fi: JADED IT HELI, BAL AEM, BU ABIL FED IGE. ZT: ARAN, RIEWAAKAMZ.A: 2T: A: AREA: INA: 8: IssUING ORDERS; MAKING A REQUEST 165 couldn't eat it, and I couldn't leave it. Just go with the “Squirrel Style Fish.” How about we also get a “Three Delicacies Soup?” For three people, five dishes and a soup, it’s more than enough. UAE EE RIG, RBA T Ute? EAT AES T | THAN BENE, ABH AN BRR, HREANE T ! BEAM T, 25 T PANE | HE RES FRETS PO (il NE. SUPE SAN “OKA AR” FL “ORS BURESE” ARSE. RIES OM AD “KALA” OEE, EF TRF ASE, MEANT REN, A BORA A? WAS A — BRERA, RAE “KAR” T. cdi INE: ABI: LEAT AME? A “2b” 2S DCRR TNE, SN RE, AEE. LK RR DBD 1, RID HAC RAL, KIB, DRRRADT RTE. Reith ARSE, ARMEAW RA, BE “ORS UE AAG”, FESS “SA” EREER? =AMALA, TRH, 3 BWT.166 B/\ RE WE + SHERMER, BOX AM, BSE TT SCUEPRMEVL (SLAF [shihual truth) Also as MIAN BL “To tell you the truth.” For example, PRU Wy BO EAL NF? SE {EER BE, POLED LAE —4F & WE! “You thought that I hadn’t been to Beijing? To tell you the truth, I lived there for over a year” SIAM UR VEN, IhAeAR SKA REN. “To tell you the truth, she will never marry you.” «RELL, BT A, RSET SEIT... (i [fin] be annoyed; be troubled) This pattern means “hate to ....” For example, fi ii kth BeGL2# Ibi, HT AIR PBS. so she could only speak one tongue.” + PRECEMRNAS ¥....A colloquial form of “only”; “all the time.” %$* is an adverb, and ... is a verbal phrase. For example, H7$+# UL. “She talks nothing but nonsense.” + BASEN. #5 A colloquial form of the verb “make,” with a certain degree of “She said that she hated to learn foreign languages, negative connotation, depending on the context. For example, a Vg, SES HE BE A LAGAS T . “Look, you made me forget something important.” + BHR, CE Aaa? RA AA! wee TH and an a a look? In this pattern, ... often shows an action. ... Fi is followed by an expression of what is seen, and is offen used in a narration to reveal a discovery. For example, B&4T F 4LW—G, ROR FE— AB. “1 opened the gift and what did 1 see? A book.” Sometimes, between ... 4 and the following expres-8: ISSUING ORDERS; MAKING A REQUEST 167 sion, there is a statement or question, like {S379 4A i, to express the speaker’ feeling, such as surprise. For example, SRF JF 4LW—FB, WRENN A? BERIE—ACB.. 1 opened the gift and had a look, and guess what? I saw a book.” PR CAM, 4 JL BROT RD DF...AY “Listen to ...2 For example, URAY, BEY LEME? AS WBKAY. “See, wasn’t I right? He won't listen to me.” fh BSE, J... Jii[shii] be born in the year of [one of the twelve animals}.) This pattern expresses the meaning, “be born in the year of...” ...is one of the twelve Chinese zodiacs. For example, BOB JE, B35 35 Ji 45. “I was born in the year of the dragon, and my brother the year of the horse.” EGS b FB hb GF qingcai] Chinese cabbage; 3% f fludbo] radish) Although the surface meaning is “Chinese cabbage and radish,” this four character pattern often refers to green vegetables. For example, ft 9 TUE, EACLE SEB b. In order to lose weight, she has been eating nothing but vegetables all day every day.” ES AS fe WAY 481 A Although the literal meaning is “chicken and duck, fish and meat,” this pattern refers to meat, fish, or fine dishes. For exam- ple, HEL 1486 7 29 HS 8 A EA), Xt ARAN — EF. “We're eating so richly every day, this can’t be good for our health.” RVR BEDI PIE. FRVLGK An expression leading to a suggestion or criticism. For ex- ample, BEBUR, EZ RIE AN EEE RGN! “Hey, I say, how could you never remember to bring your car key?”168 B)\ RE + BLADEN T Uwkt? BIC IX refers to some event or fact that is mentioned. HK and 1% together serve as the subject of a sentence to put emphasis on what follows. This pattern is often used in an explanation or commentary. For example, PIX tHE INEA IK PENN. “I had no other choice here, and that’s why I did this.’ The more general use of the pattern $&JX is to convey a personal pronoun plus 3X. For exam- ple, YRIX in HRIXAT ANIA! “You shouldn't have done so!” + FUERA T OR? JRARSEN T ... This is a rhetorical question, that expresses the same meaning as LEEW TJ ...,"'the reason is ...,” with a strong tone. For example, BASES VEUSIE AE TAL PRAE EL? “The reason he didn’t tell you is that he didn’t want you to worry about it.” + BEAR AERE, ABBAS BENS, WIG TS! 3X407R..., ABUHAR... In this pattern, the parallel structure 3% 42, A... WBA... pen. This pattern is often followed by an expression of the speaker's ., shows that under no circumstances will ... hap- conclusion, comments, or other opinion on the situation. For example, KIA EEM, ASLAM, RAIS AML? “You don’t like this, you don’t like that; what is wrong with you today?” + EOE, TAR a! FRE Ah (fr [ming] life) “Want to die.” For example, (REA Jt AL EAL ENF? AR EE ATRL? “Didn't you see the car coming? Do you want to die?” + XD ESD BADAIA, LA An adverb with the meaning, “simply” or “at all,” used in negative expressions. For example, {HARA AKL IX A. “He's never been here at all.”8: ISSUING ORDERS; MAKING A REQUEST 169 KA “tb” BE DAVE, — SRE, 18 POBEE. sy EE, .. AEE. ... is often a statement, and the paral- lel structure contains ... and ... to provide explanation of .... For example, (IX #H Bf >] HE Pe A TA), —AV DEE, BN FY 12 4EE. “It’s so time-consuming to do exercises like these. It could take an hour, or two hours.” REG BD RK, JRAE A colloquial form for EK, “hurry.” For example, — Wr iit ORTEIK JL, BOR RAG EIS ) LEE, AGL LAE US. “As soon as I heard that you've been here, I hurried here hoping to see you sooner.” DD#BAR RE FED T « ABA BBR... J This pattern means:“It couldn't be more ....” For example, {A8 JLEL@ 7 AE FEAL T , MENTE HH th ABIL. “His place is so messy it couldn't be messier. We'd better not go there.” l CONVERSATION B: Simplified FALE BAG IR IRAE, BOR ASR ETT Hier, PTA — BAL KEPT. RS: FEA Rear. FATE: (RUE. FE Me RSA: MT Ty? So170 3B/\ RE FATE: BORGIR. 164, BeBe IRS: A A. ABIL, KIL RA PAA, Rr. FAIE: PEAR GSREAETA T LAO AOL, BE Hide, ROD A, eA, ATA RAT. RAS: SWE, MATT RES, AB REPT. = PREMIERE BUEN, SAID. JIE: WRAPARHE, HL Mew? & > — ee IRA: A, AAT. oe Le ATS iT. RB LRA ASB. FE: | RAR MPT, A TEA. RAG EA: BOESDAL TREE, MT MLIUT MET. — BR PARAL LATE, (EEL, R. USERRA, SVG, BEL FIA. FATE: ARAM FPR ASB IN? ARG: SESE A, ALA Sk, SEO ATTA, BORLA. BERET PET BLS ZO I LOR? FALE: AASB, MAOMT ABT. 7 BRAGS WE, BRIA TET, A AR) LE ANE IB Ke. PRIS SS — I8: ISSUING ORDERS; MAKING A REQUEST 171 IRSA: WRB, IKAR, WIC PEARY, eF NE, RNA. 2, AE Le, PER. UR WAM, RET LIA WA aH. JIE: DAA A ABBA Hh de? ARS A: ARMAS EVER! BRAK BD HE, BREESE TES Ps YE! 15 BHP, ACS LH RE BL, 2 — FF, — SEBS, PRE ARBRARR. BRET. WHET. Zhouzheng is in Beijing on an errand, and didn't have time to reserve a room beforehand, so he looks for a hotel as soon as he arrives. Receptionist: Zhou: Receptionist: Zhou: Receptionist: Zhou: Receptionist: Hello, sir, Hi. Do you have vacancies? Have you reserved with us? I didn't have time. What, there's no more rooms? There are, there are. But, because there are several large conferences these next few days, the rooms are very tight. So that's why I asked at several hotels and couldn't find any rooms.There's a conference. I'm by myself, so it's easy to get by, I just need a room. Don't just get by; when you travel, travel in comfort. How about a suite on the third floor? You can sleep inside, and meet people and do business outside.172 B)\ aE Zhou: Receptionist: Zhou: Receptionist: Zhou: Receptionist: Zhou: Receptionist: Zhou: Receptionist: That sounds good, but what about the price? How much for a night? Not much, only 1200. If you go take a look at it now you will know what a value it is. At a glance it looks just like the Presidential suite. My god! It's 1200, and you say “only!” A normal guy like me couldn't possibly afford that. If you don't want the quality room, we really have to get by. By the corner of the first floor staircase there's a standard room. It's cheap, only 250 a day. You're really lucky; the conference rented the entire first floor, and left only this room. ‘Why didn't they take this room? It's nothing, really, they were nitpicking, and didn't like the bathroom across the hallway. They said that it was too smelly. If you ask me, if you shut the door, how can you possibly smell anything? If I take something that other people tossed, I'm really going to be a chump. Honestly, my nose is really sensitive. If there's any smell I can't sleep and get dizzy. Please switch me to another one. See here, with so few rooms left you're still being picky.You didn't want the good room, and you didn't want the cheap one. Well, customers are always right; I'll look again for you. Eh, you truly are lucky, there's another room for 250 on the top floor. ‘What was wrong with this room that it wasn't rented out? Now look what you said! We are a star-class hotel here, how can we make money on sub-par rooms? This room faces west; it gets a little bit more sun. Close the drapes, turn on the air conditioning, and8: ISSUING ORDERS; MAKING A REQUEST 173 you'll sleep the whole night. I guarantee you won't feel anything. Zhou: That's it, then. Thank you. Traditional Fe TE SUCRE, BRAS Sea HOR, PTA BAL BE FEA ARAB. WBA: SEAR ARIE. JIE: (RUE. ALE DMS? WRB: WSHAT TB? JUTE: RORARDL. ASE WR? WBA: AG. AR. Will, AAR RA AD Oe, RRA. JUTE: PEAS AP RE TAL T SEAR OAS, RE AG. KR-WA HRA, A BRAT. IRB A: BRAM, PLES, REST. = WR BR? BOSE, Sh AZ. Fail SSB AGS, WANE? SDR We? AREA: A BP. Bb LS BRAS (LT. Bi A RAS BR. JIE: BRAN! AB— FT, ER? WE HB Ne AMER. FA174 B)\ HE WBA: GRC REDE, RAAT. JaLIE: PCA RA 2A AE), Ee, a R. CAR, Gale Ta Fi —Fel. PRIS AS Es PAI 2 ARES. He Me +s, (A EG BR, ART JeliE: FA HAMAD RERRAG. BRR, MA VBA BRE THB Se 153 2 PR SE 2 WAMREHRE, MRK SOARS. 4 ARR, BR AE, A BR SLE NT SAL. PRUE Aa Tl. : CEE, KEES, CRRA BBR I, t HOARSE, GE ELAS. FB, RAE ET, BO AMSA. ME, RHEE SE, HET ET HF a. aM A Baad HE? ARES A: UREA | ERPS AHO, BEE SETH URS | ie BS APE, Aa BA Fe WE. BL Be HE 52, 2 — BA, — TRE BIAS, OR SEH ERR AR HIR. RET. MAaT.8: ISSUING ORDERS; MAKING A REQUEST 175 WRER + AARILARASAMAD, FRBE -- ABBA With the literal meaning, “drive somebody to his death,” 324i often stands for “extremely.” For example, KYO 49 Ei 43, K HS JLABANARY>. “The weather is extremely cold, and I don’t ‘want to go anywhere.” + TAPTHESD, 64 tHE SPIRT. HHT T£ESb “Be away from home” For example, 4844 | 1ZESb, BE SEER, FT SIR. “When you're away from home, you should take good care of yourself, and make sure you don't fall ill” + HT TZESD, 482 te ESP AR 45GB... This pattern is used to indicate that one should do ... no matter what. For example, YE. TK T , At EMR. “You've been busy for the whole day, so you need to get some rest no matter what.” + MS ARM RAE, %—F (hii [meng] suddenly, abruptly) In the pattern, Hii refers to “at first glance,” For example, 1X JLRBAG, KARE —B MERIAL KRM. “This place looks so much like Beijing, and from first impressions this street looks exactly like Beijing’s Changan Street.” + RNA! B-FoT, BAM BINK “My God” For example, RNK, META T , MEA IEE iXJL? “Oh, my God, it’ ten o’clock already; why are you still here?”176 B/E + RINK! MR-FIT, BT” we! #8... TB... “already ..., but still ....” #8... J is used to focus on the situation ..., and 18 is used to indicate the contrast between the actual situation ... and the expected situation. The subject of the sentence should usually be put either before #B..., or before i&.... For example, 48+ — Fi I, AE ANELA. “It’s already eleven o'clock, but he is still sleeping,” © HEADS RERT EAN. AEBARE BA WE means “common people.” 2H ¥E also refers to common people, but with a negative connotation such as “powerless” or “financially weak.” For example, TH 1S 48 Jk, BRAVE Bi ERB BR. “The mayor wants to do this, but we, the common people, are not interested in it.” + PERERATE AR JLAI LA — Tel bas te ad 9248 A colloquial expression that is used as a noun, “corner.” For example, BUGLE ZETE 6 HY AISA aA corner room.” + RRRAEA XH... GSA [yiingil fortune, luck) This pattern is used to express the realization or discovery of the fact ....For example, (EAI A, BEAL BU IEBOR I. “1 didn’t expect that you’d come, as you are such a busy person.” AAT ALR BB SK WHE PEESL (PE [tido] choose, select; ‘HSk [gitou] bone) The literal meaning of the expression is:“to look for a bone in an “Tam living in the egg,” and the contextual meaning is “to nitpick.” For example, 3“ HE RAS UE AY, UR LT RS zB PT SK J! “The movie is good enough. Don’t be so picky!”8: IssUING ORDERS; MAKING A REQUEST 177 SERIO TETA tT ASAT 3E...AN FY “Simply must ....’ or “have got to ....” This pattern can be shortened to E....The ‘example AEBEXt Tae ANID FFF isa shortened version of 4EMEM THAT “NM MT AN AT. Another exam- ple: WhjP SEA HY (ANAT), RAH AINE? “She simply wants to watch the movie. What can I do?” ERR TAS ia BAR ay BR... klsiin] resentment, dislike) ff, “complain of” or “dislike.” In this pattern, ... represents the reason for complaint or #f,“‘re- sentment.” For example, (5 A GRABA EA KS, MNS BIR—ZMIB. “You always complain that restaurant is too crowd- ed, so let’s go to another one today.” DETER LAH. 7 This word often means that the smell of something is “strong.” For example, 3X AE JLAC AIH J LiL? 30% HH, “Where is the smell coming from? It’ so strong.” HRV, TI TILA Ht A LF? SERVE EA colloquial form of “in my view” For example, ERB, XB) LEF IP! “As I see it, this matter is easy to deal with” NAMPA RNRE, MRAK TOBA. =i “a stupid person.” For example, (KL Afb A AL Ml? AB AR FY a4 T ! “Do you think that he’s stupid? If you do, then you are wrong.” BIKA FR, R (Rlling] quick, sharp, keen) In this context, the word is used to describe a keen sense of smell. It can also be employed to refer to sharp hearing. For example, #8 385 AIX ~ RR? “How could your hearing be so sharp?”178 B/\ iE © BIER AF EPH, PEPE EPEHB (BE (heng] horizontal; PE [tido] choose, select; 'KE [sha] vertical) This is an idiom with the meaning: “pick faults right and left” or “nitpick.” For example, (RBI RPL: F BEBE AE AY) TF ANF? “Don’t be so picky, OK?” © RRM TE BERT! RREGR. .. BY This pattern is often used in an exclamation to express a comment, blame, or even rebuke. This pattern is often followed by a further comment. For example, HE #5 Ef)! ABZ AL! “Look at what you wrote! What a mess! + PEG BREA ER. ABA... 1% is a colloquial form of PRUE, “guarantee.” This pattern means:“Ensure that you ....” For example, FRMI#LY, FRIK EER. “Tam sure that you'll love my gift.” + ERAT A HOBEAR ER. BELNSK (x Gud] sense, feel) The expression means “sensed some- thing?” For example, HEA IS, Ui3E HOR T U4? “Have you noticed that she was unhappy?” I VOCABULARY tha chichai be on a business trip we gingjing quiet ee caidan menu Te AM ‘ashi gaudy; garish; showy ‘SL [f] yantouzhuinxiing confused and disorientedHe AA we ieee FBR KB HE A HERE PERI: HEE RR PAB Feta. Ber PU wb KITE 8: ISSUING ORDERS; MAKING A REQUEST 179 miyi cai roumd fénsi qingdin sit pinpan daféngshou haixian. doufubio Wuxi paigi xiangsiji tang qingdit tingnidobing tuyjian zhi sOngshtt guiydi sangzi ajiao chio dashifu féngshéng ant guess ground meat; minced meat vermicelli made from bean starch, etc, light; not greasy or strongly flavored vegetable assorted cold dishes name of the dish “bumper harvest” seafood bean curd pot or saucepan Place Name spareribs crisp fried chicken sugar mild diabetes recommend. boil; cook squirrel Mandarin fish throat hot pepper stir-fry cook; chef rich; sumptuous180 B/E *S 5 BG WHIT KR aw Bil BE ffi KS HE PRBS breelal Fab ye KER ae ie A EI FE BIR We ana zhua ting laidejt shixian yiiding daxing huiyi tojian huiké jiinzhi zongtong yimuyiyang loutt bidozhiinjian shudi yan téling téuyan, gake fiigi miobing iguin zhuangién xishai chuanglian kngtido grab soup be able to do something in time in advance; beforehand book; place an order large-scale; large meeting; conference a suite of rooms receive a visitor simply; at all president exactly alike stairs; staircase a hotel room up to the standard throw off tight very sensitive dizzy; giddy customer happy lot; good fortune defect; shortcoming luxury hotel make money (of a room) with a western exposure or facing west (hot on summer afternoons) (window) curtain air conditioner8: ISSUING ORDERS; MAKING A REQUEST 181 RE tianliang daybreak; dawn tR bio guarantee; ensure ——-_—_ [LEXERCISES A. Fill in the spaces with the appropriate words or phrases: oe a a NI oc @ GAG fa A] RU RE SPR ASR bh BK LVR, TR Bere a tte, BY hh — J LBA BG A, BE —& RA Ja AIA. BNA BARRL BIA BE, RGR. HERR. Bo, ____ ARI LAT AMT? HAT PBI. PRIENG, EAT? RAE RMAC KE KA. i Ect SATE A Bg BES kh eal » ODA BT AE ERR oles Mae oN. MASA, RTH RE SSE 7K AN.182 3A/\ HE B. Choose the expression from the following list that best corresponds to the underlined words or phrases: MAIER T = F Wr AA ARK, WRK BM ANE FRETRE, FREE DST 1 URS ERB Ee ARATE, PRL LEI BCE Da. 2 RADU LOFT, Wh — VF LE TET. 3 WARREN? ABA LS. 4 AFAIK AA? FIL OA T 5 ABER, LEBER ESTABR, (A CoM BE ft 6 RIX A Hamas T Lb eri! 7 USERRA Zs HBAS SE, ARNEL ATT at Te] ACHE 8 FSF AVI T, SESE EEA ea 9 ASSET? te Aah TT! C. Fill in the spaces with the appropriate words or phrases: CRUISE ERE TR FEA OF WEBS. TTS Th BEB 1 ANE RIL KT, WE. 2 MET SPER, EAST a PE PRE. 3 SPEIER SIAN, SRB) RHA 4 WHORE BATA, U8 Tie8: ISSUING ORDERS; MAKING A REQUEST 183 ts. ERE, AAT KA, SPRL C. ELD AS HH HE HE. ft BE TUE la 8 9 10 RPP RIRK CAD IT WORK, ANS A RVD EIB A, WE. EM, OE FA, . Al 5 EK, BORAGE i EL, RAT. D. Choose the expression from the following list that best corresponds to the underlined words or phrases: “Ah BHR R RNK BR WE 3 ETD BA BDL TEPER 1 AUB! WS Aw FS 2 WANA MARIE S BOBO, ANTHEA AS JH RO AME WAT) WAAR A BAS IER L SUEY HAT, MAT Whe BED, BRL LM BAT ae REA EMT, CRIB BABE. ARAAT RAT SZ tad AGE TAR BSE tit A EP PASE HY HEME. BS, WOM SUL. PRIE MY fe EEO, VSG LIX A BY, BEAR Ps ELH BEI ZF HE JLIMES Ba HH. [M ¢ wv WE EAM LENE. 10 BURA IX 4 pt, F Fi FY AN AEIR FET. UKRBART REF EAR A We?184 A /\RE ANswer KEY Exercise A (Dialogue 1) 1 HRA BUX RG BBLS WY b 7999 fa A SERRE BE aC) —H .-® Cod dau kon Exercise B (Dialogue 1) 1 i OH...) 2 fei 3 PST 4% 5 WrfhAy (Ur...fS) 6 RE GERENT...) 7 JXtBARK, AMD GX AR. BBA...) 8 Pere, aa ree . ARE + SB i Exercise C (Dialogue 2) 1 4H NEA ME SEH HT THESh ta hi...) oh (Bit...) bE Wy BBE SK 10 FRERTERE CRM...) Camriduaunr on Exercise D (Dialogue 2) 1 RK R ER “A EH GBH...) BELAY BHEIR ARAATT GE...ANAD) BEd (Btn) BA (BAH...) 10 HARTA CE fp... 849) 11 RABAT GB..T, WB...) Cannan ar on8: ISSUING ORDERS; MAKING A REQUEST 185 [Wy Does «= 8” MEAN “HALFWIT” OR “STUPID?” There are quite a few stories to answer this question. Here is one. In ancient times, China used a copper coin with a square hole through the middle; a string of 1,000 copper coins was called “A String” —t [yi guan] or — Iii [yi dido]. One half of the string, 500 copper coins, was called “Half String“ GL” or“ Fl. ” So people used “Fi F” to describe a uninformed, unskilled, tactless, impulsive, lackadaisical, or irresolute person. “= Ff EL”, 250 copper coins, was only one half of the half string; and so this concept became a metaphor for a person who is a halfwit or stupid. Similar slang: le HIGH [ban ping ci] dabbler or smatterer 464 FAY [bin ban li la] incomplete; unfinished FLA [ar wa yin] incompetent or mediocre (person); or low quality (thing) FAM [shi sin didn) nitwit; dunce; person who is muddle- headed or unreasonable =)\ [san ba] airhead, braggart, slut. Mainly used in Taiwan to in- sult women. One derivation claims that at one point in the Qing dynasty, foreigners were only permitted to circulate on the eighth, eighteenth, and twenty-eighth of each month, and the Chinese deprecated these aliens by calling them = /\ (three eight).Others claim the expression refers to March 8th: International Women’s Day.AIL .9. a RB VL! —FF Res BAT TOL BARGAINING . COMPLACENCY [CONVERSATION A: Simplified FHS TAX BETO A ANT Ee tI IT KR, FRAIL: Me LER BIE CERT ME. KYRIG: EI ILLAR, AREER EAT EE KRM: BRM RKARARCLRAD VU, OF HER. MUST: ARDELL SA ALS. FAS BOT UT T AMET TRAIL: BLAME T PE RE, PERI TE, MSE —F, HULSE). KSLA ABAFAITAL, 5& SERaABGE, MAM IL ABR ET. 1869: BARGAINING; COMPLACENCY 187 BEREGY it:“Suicidal Prices.”) Fire sale; very low prices (see page 188.) Zhang and Liu are chatting over lunch in their office cafeteria. Zhang: Liu: Zhang: Liu: Zhang: Yesterday I got a good deal on a leather jacket. Buying things in this day and age and not getting ripped off is a good deal already. Rip me off? No way! I don’t buy anything without getting a third opinion, and I’m really good at haggling. You buy what you pay for; nothing good comes cheaply. And no matter how good you get, you can’t get better than the seller. Let’s hear what you bought that’s so cheap. I’ve been looking at a leather jacket for a long time, and for the same jacket, it’s a thousand at other places, but only 850 where I went. Store owners all want a good start; they never want to lose the first deal, so early yesterday morning I hurried over.188 AILR Traditional 2 HR 2b ee : ROERRSER: “RB bE RR Te: KA MDRMF, Ui? 2 AB ABJLTT A 2 SE”. BERE DT. IW JURE, MARAT ERR, RA REISE, BE BSL FN. TY. RASC, PS BeBe IR OT.” Te: ARERR”, ASBA— OP, AAG BE T. Fe) Sa ANB TCE AA A ee IK. SReAS XL: BIRT: ReMi IL: BIE: Bote: He FOB BL SER T EEL. TEL, ARE RAR EL T PRG! RA RARER, ne. —DR-AR, IER. SELEY. BAB) RR T (PEE RRA MET ERE, PRI, Fl de —F, BRA H. BRA ABS PIAL, sae RRA, PTE EKA BREAST. TED IRF, Ui?9: BARGAINING; COMPLACENCY 189 Liu: You're that hard working? Zhang: Outside he’s got signs saying “Designer Blowout.” “Suicidal Prices.” Inside there’s “Real Products Real Value” and “All Prices Are Final.” Like I care for those tricks; I’ve been there, done that. Liu: How much did you pay? Zhang: The first thing I told the owner was: “I like that leather jacket. Now don’t play games with me, and give me the lowest price” Liu: They said, “All prices are final.” they go by the sticker price, and you can’t bargain. Gere TE: A PY eH. BED”. BGS NAIA, SETUP ER. BA REIS TORRNE, ERS FAY. BNE 7c: Wi Bb Bee HAIL: REP SWE: “PBL ERG TS. USNS, A BOSAL BAA. ” BIR: ARR ARR”, ARO, BARE Tt. CfeAID190 BILR WER + HELE Bek pe T “MEE. HEBEL “Get a bargain”;“gain a small advantage.” For example, PF RBA IGA ET ASE, RS ADEE. “Yesterday, the store close to my home had a closing sale. Quite a few people went there to get a bargain.” + REI ILEAR, DREMEL EE T FRE RK [ai] suffer; endure; % [zai] overcharge, soak, fleece) A colloquial word to express “to be overcharged.” For example, JIS MILE AAT Bad T , 2B LNG AT AAR SE I]. “The owner of that restaurant is very greedy; everybody eating there got overcharged.” + SBR! YP VL “No way”; “no go”; “nothing doing.” For example, (KAT AGMA. BEET IL! “You can’t fool me. No way!” © RERGRWERA VW, DEK. Re. “Shop around.” For example, E45 WY 18 EXT BE Vi, LAER LER, AHAIAT. “My mom always tells me, when buying something always shop around, so you don't get ripped off” © REARGRLLRA BL, DEK. 48F A shortened and colloquial form of $i), “very” or “especially.” For example, SARAH. “Ie’s extremely hot today.” Se RF ASE ARVG. She is especially good at buying things.” XS IGVER 81. “That teacher lectures very well.” © RAH SAA, ERY. BRU Literally “cut price,” a colloquial expression for “bargain.” For9: BARGAINING; COMPLACENCY 191 example, EAR H WIAA, APES. “You have to learn how to haggle before going to a farmer's market.” —PR-PR, EAH. —BY°B—DE “You get what you pay for.” For example, # EI BEE KM 5A — 4S AE ET, PE AE. “The jacket I bought at a discount lost all its buttons in a month. You really get what you pay for.” KRAMAFIA, KEERBAGE. SESKA A colloquial form for “businessman” or “trader.” For ex- ample, (1i¢Z fii, WIS J LAE “4 RSE A? “He is so lazy, how could he ever become a businessman?” KKAMBFNTA, LEERBAGE, Bl... “Pursue ...”;“seek ....” For example, (RIX Z Hf Ar HL TE, ESA AR LAR ORE, | SnACD “You work so hard that you don’t even take your weekends off. What are you after?” KRAMAFNTEL, KEERBAGE. FEIT EL “Get off to a good start.” For example, #3 22 YHA F) FFT IAL. “1 hope that your new company gets off to a good start.” PRUNE JL —$KPRREB ET —KF A colloquial expression for “early in the morning.” For ex- ample, {th4>R—K Fp HF BET. “He went to school early in the morning today.” KAA SEAR TERE, TERE “Trick.” For example, UK MERE ILE TERE? What tricks are you playing this time? ft. LAUZEREBE EF RES BK. “I was never fooled by any trick he played.”192 BILH + PERSIA. FLJLIA F HY Literally, “the leftover of what somebody played”; “something that somebody already disdains to do.” For example, 3!) FEIRBOKIX BT AMER ILA EAT. Don’ try that stuff on me; those are leftovers from the fun I used to have.” + RO LRA ER —_ESK Also as E3K, a colloquial expression for “as soon as” or “immediately.” For example, {t2—_L RP VLBA T , BE AUIRL. “He blamed me right off the bat, so of course I got angry.” + RBLR RT. HE “Take a fancy to”;“settle on.” For example, 4th 44-E T —7 JEURE YEAR. “He's taken a fancy to a pretty girl.” © PANT, RT BART. HHEE (EB {nil hide; conceal) A colloquial expression usually mean- ing “tricks”;“underhanded activity”; “hanky-panky”’;“goings-on.” For example, SIA ZERIT AR, USAT APIs, AE TA A> ii IE. “You have to be very careful when you buy a used car, because there’s a lot of dirty tricks being played.” + WRE—OGY HABA T —TIP?> ARN, Re T+ we ARTE RI BRA RE, TS th ATE SEERA BN HEI AE ITE] 3K,” 3: ABAWAS ZS Ub sake. > BRL. th¥eGE T bok, PER Bh. BLT HK 2 GET Bb? : RGA, RB FR RAR. fal.” “ESE, BULA. AHA, AA) UE. thE Oh, AR Te: AMET ABA BM, AF? REAR E, wt. IER.” BE RURNCUE T AB ILA Se RLISHT JT. MEA Bie ASE TTA BLN e ty LUE: FETE RE A WET, WRT.” WERK, HURT. (BCS fH? : RARAS ARR RNL, AEE194 BILR SRM: A, PISTOL TA Bee. BORE EDK, WARE. a] Zhang and Liu are chatting as they have lunch in their office cafeteria. (continuation of Conversation A) Zhang: Liu: Zhang: Liu: Zhang: Liu: Zhang: Liu: Zhang: Liu: See, are you a chump or what? These days, only idiots pay sticker price. The owner cut the price by ten percent right there. Good job, one sentence and you got eighty-five bucks off! ‘Ten percent and you call that good? I turned around and pretended to leave, and threw him: “I’ll come back if I can’t find a cheaper one.” Then he’s not going to let you go. ‘That's right. He came right up behind me, and made me give my own price. He said that for the first deal of the day, he’ll do it even if he had to lose money. So how much did you name? I saw that there’s still hope, so I said: “Why don’t we try for luck, and do five cighty-eight. Two eights, that’s a lucky number, one for you and one for me. This is his final asking price, too, take it or leave it. That’s not even 70%, is he going to agree? This is called “asking sky high, bidding dirt cheap.” I knew it from the start: stuff over there goes for at least a 20% discount. What did he say?Zhang: Zhang: Traditional 9: BARGAINING; COMPLACENCY 195, What could he say? He kept grumbling: “First deal of the day, I'll take the loss, it’s just my luck.” But when I paid, he smiled. Five hundred is the price for a pigskin jacket; you didn’t buy a fake, did you? Oh, I really didn’t pay attention to what kind of leather it is. I’ll go back and get it right now. Check it for me. Shes SEA St FFE AAP BEL eB FS RHR. (8D She I: Bet 7c: eA ME: BIA: oe 8 WL: BIE: She A YE: AA, VE Tae, A fi — Fe. BA RAAT THT. ARN, — Aaa T+ The! ABP REI BE, Taek — Ah ERAS SEAR) Ae” ABA AS Ge EAB HE. SES. WERT 1k, ER A REAM -HA YM, Bue. IU T Bb? R-BAR RR: “SA, HEE. DA FE", RRA. jth E— OL Ae Bi.”196 BILBE Bete: eA IL: Bebe: eM IE: WEF Ja ATE HT AWA BU, A BRN? JER BA, wt AB SLA CRRA J Gr. 4b 5 PR BR? Hie.” FHL BLMAME T FSEEAS Af BEAR 2 ELA: “BA PSA RE, Be T,RBRT.” WE BLS PH? 2 A), BUSTS ART Ee. Bee aR DR, WHEE. MBE, WORT. Te: WAS A LABOR TENS, Ae AY a & + FT, ORT ee (8B (8H [sha mio} fool; blockhead; foolish or stupid) This is a colloquial word. For example, ME ACE HERE LER FRI SE, AWE RSS T ik. SESH Ae IISA JL A SEL. “1 acted like an idiot when I bought the wallet at the street stall yesterday. He asked for ten and I gave him ten. Actually another stall not far away charged only five.” © SAF eA BRAT TUT. —FFH The first thing out of one’s mouth. For example, {HAR7S AUT HIEFE, FA F BLE T . “He did not listen to me at all, and the first thing out of his mouth was that I was wrong.”9: BARGAINING; COMPLACENCY 197 EN — FR BT T LH. 4T...Bf FT HT, “give discount” or “sell at a discount.” For example, ETE AAR, AE AB EE IT HTL. “On New Year’ Day and during other festivals, stores like to give discounts in order to boost sales.” When a price is reduced to ... percentage in transac- tion, it is called #]...ff, “a ... percent discount.” eg,, if the price is ten Yuan (Chinese dollar) and then reduced to 9 Yuan, it is called FT FUPT, “a ninety percent sale.” If the price is reduced to 7.5 Yuan, it is called 4] FLA. For example, LEAR PES AEB JG. “Today these items are all selling at eighty percent.” ARN, AERA TR! SEA PRBY A colloquial expression when praising or blaming somebody to add emphasis. For example, [YR ASR PEMA #, UNtBI4 T — Ed, FA PRAM! “The whole class failed the last test but you got a perfect score. You're really something” ELA HRA)! Fi RIBERA T ADAIR AE.. “How could you not lend your hand, seeing the old man was going to have a fall?” AAA IE He Ht? ANA short form of ASF, “beat the seller down”;“knock down the price” For example, fie E32 REET HIE RH, (RELEASES ENS, 3. “When you encounter a car dealer who demands an exorbitant price, you'll definitely get ripped off unless you cut the price down.” A APE BEI? BEI “Ability” or “aptitude,” used in colloquial expressions. For ex- ample, IBF HIRE ILA), A RAPE T “That kid is really capable. He is only ten years old and he can drive already.” BBL. HEHE T Lok, ERA HT. YLHBIL A colloquial expression to show agreement: “You are198 BILR right”;“I'm quite sure.” For example, “HAMM 224 716 FAP — FRFERRNS > LEB JL. “Does our meeting start at one p.m. ?” “Yes, that’s right?” BEER IL, HE LAF AY. “I'm quite sure that he is the one who did it.” + (ETE T Lk, BER EBM. BE... (iH [ying] obstinately) “Stubbornly insist ....” In this pattern, Gi means: “obstinate”; and ... should be a verb. For example, B27 WHA ERE EAB IL, Hl FHENY Wh, “Don't make her go if she doesn’t want to go.” + WEA WRAL BK, BUILT JBUIL The literal meaning i profusely, even to death.” As a slang expression, people use it to mean: “lose or pay money.” For example, HH4TT4E HE JL—BUL HESS WRB, SARA LIL T . “You never paid when we ate out. It’s your turn to bleed today” © PERE HRS BSE, WUMABUT HAT “Accept as unavoidable”;*so be it.” For example, 1% fF 28k RABM TA ILERABUT. “1 love this dress so much, if] get overcharged a little then so be it.” + R-AAR, Mii... ATR (RE [xi] drama; play; show) This is a colloquial expression for “hopefil.” The opposite expression is BERK, “hopeless.” For example, (RGIX SILA WK. “1 think that there is still hope.” (HABLA Mth 2 48, BEAVER. “1 think there is no hope for him to marry her” + HE D r, Al. BAB) A colloquial expression: “forget about it”; “leave it at that”; or“‘drop it” For example, XE SERA RR RMALAB. “If you don’t want to, then forget about it.” to purposely make somebody bleed9: BARGAINING; COMPLACENCY 199 + FORE T : ALA SST GT RZHE A colloquial form for “firmly believe.” For example, {Hi MZ, YEURANSER, PTA ILA YE. “He knew that you wouldn't come, that’s why he acted like that.” EK WET WRT. WU... “Admit to ...;“resign oneself to taking...” ... is often JR ((péi] “Jose money in business”) or #& ({zai] short form for PEEK, “come a cropper”). For example, (EE R00 S DY 4M. “If you lose money at business you should admit it to yourself” (th#& T ERSLM RASA RK. “When bad things happen to him he never admits it” + HRA, HRT. JR “Happy”; “cheerful”; “joyful.” For example, ft 34) Lf IS FMF? “What makes you so happy?” + Wy, BGR EOR U LET A A YEAHH (FHF [lia shén] be careful; take care) “Did not pay attention to.” For example, MER BBE Hl HE T — E. “Yesterday I was not careful and fell down.” + RRA RK, MABE. JXBK A colloquial form for PLE or 7 _Eih, “right now.” For example, Jll7E Zt, FIX RA UK. “Don’t worry. I'll do it for you right now.” a [LvocaBuLary ae shiting dining room; mess hall BEIGE pijiake leather jacket200 SAILE Fra. ye HB ae aE atk wal BRE, nate ie Bee Fs jing kiiménhéng tou bi shébude ginkai mingpéi shudimai paizi hudzhénjiashi huanjia miin sha nilitou réng ta jili it a mintiinyaojia jitdihuangiin chizhinle imi dinang péi wai smart; sharp; clever make a good beginning first (measure word, similar to “number of deals”) hate to part with or use; grudge diligent, hardworking famous brand. disposal of goods at reduced prices brand; trademark genuine goods at a fair price counteroffer; counterbid not allowed reduce; abate; take off turn around throw; cast pursue; seek; intent luckiness; auspiciousness The seller can ask a sky-high price; the buyer can make a down-to-earth offer. for sure at least mutter to oneself; mumble lose money in business suffer a setback9: BARGAINING; COMPLACENCY 201 KS jiimio fake commodities; counterfeit goods BH wéilid fake and poor products —-_—_ LEXERCISES A. Fill in the spaces with the appropriate words or phrases: bow & + a _ ~ Noy KRe=K —Off Ak ey Re SULRI PA aka BE AUER EAL ESE AR, T. Re FE AE TA » CASA. pe WAN SEAT AB, & WE MAF, U8 pt SRAM ESE AY SE Nady i, Adee y. WIEBE ORG BG, BRE DAS T Bee? RSENS, AEE » REAR ONE SAR PGI RENE INE, ILA Bey TB. ERI HY JE FRAG a AFAR, BL BORK T SOME, BERET —__S.202 ILE B. Choose the expression from the following list that best corresponds to the underlined words or phrases: FMA — ER KET iF BIL -kK# RRA A 1 TER ADEM RR” ARE. 2 OPA eit iat EEOC CES 3 BASIE, ZA TEGE ALE SINE, KR ABLE. 4 FURSELA BULA, SEAR PRESEN Dy, SSS. 5 LAER —KABIR, Boats T-Meai 6 URAL Fats — Bd PAS 7 (ee PRCERCBL, Fp Te] NEF, BR UE AE EDL 8 BIA FIA, AE RRS ME oY, RA RL. C. Fill in the spaces with the appropriate words or phrases: wee ARR LAB IR UW el WU 1 UCL) BS A, (HA REE, TAT fe : 2 eRe AME ATC EA TSH BE JR ff. 3 ORK RADA RAE, AB. 4 SERBS, UH. HT. FAK T BOR.9: BARGAINING; COMPLACENCY 203, on TER AS KAR BS ANE HBP iT. 6 KR TRAST, TDA eat I FER. 7 PUR ARIES Reh CHER, FOUR ANAT, RAR YR, RT Ab, Ty. 9 PPR Re EE, ELLE : . Choose the expression from the following list that best corresponds to the underlined words or phrases: wea FRO kA TY HAWK BHL Thi RA RAH, RAL, WBRZ T aa ANTE TL ASS 5 8), — TT PR RAH AN nN wo PARA AE, ALT ILS RA LRT. URE EAS Ph Ay KAR DE MEER, (AG LAY 6 BEDOSICR EBA BBC ef irae - wo 7 FRR ARMA) HAT ELT! ie VAC ASSIS DS, PRE BE MH ER RAS, tt 4 YR AS EG Pmt 9 ASAE BE T, OTA AY As PEARSE oh oo204 ILE ANSwer KEY Exercise A (Dialogue 1) Crd anr ONS RE eR BL Bie Ey a) —oftt RUE BAB (i GEE) Exercise B (Dialogue 1) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Ke mK — bok ELA FIA. BIVL KA i (B...) Exercise C (Dialogue 2) Cawmidane oN AK Un A...) BiB) aR cS Rate UR UK...) yale ut Exercise D (Dialogue 2) Cod ane ONE Bt —FA fie! ge BHI Beat SA 1 (BE...) THR GT...)9: BARGAINING; COMPLACENCY 205, [Wy Is 4 BaD BUT 8 GOOD? Just like some Western people do not like the number 13, some Chinese do not like the number 4. For example, you cannot find the 4th floor or room or bed number 4 in hospitals and hotels in some areas in China. This is because “4 [si] four” is a homophone of “3E [si] die, be dead, death.” The two words have the same pronunciation in some dialects. Some people think unlucky words could bring them bad luck, so they avoid using either “JE die” or “4 four.” Some people even do not like other numbers with 4 in them. For example, “47 [si qi]” sounds like “3E}4 [siqi] date of death;” “14 [shi si]” sounds like “4 F [shi shi] have an accident.” On the other hand, some Chinese like number “8 [ba]” very much, since its pronunciation is similar to “FE {fa] flourish through obtaining a great deal of wealth.” The car plates or telephone numbers with “8888” can be sold for thousands of dollars at auction. However, when talking about “Chinese culture,” it should be noticed that China is so large and has so many nationalities that no custom or habit is the same for all Chinese. You can always find some differences or even contradictions among different ethnic groups or areas or among different time periods. For example, generally speaking, 4 has been a good number for most Chinese since ancient times. In Chinese, a lot of words or phrases related to 4 are good, and about ninety-five percent of Chinese idioms are four characters. On the other hand, some Chinese in some areas think 8 is a bad number because the two strokes of the Chinese character /\ are separate and go two directions. So they avoid going out on the 8th, 18th, and 28th day of the month, believing these dates would bring them bad luck and separation from their families.HF ME URAT AN FER HIS BETTING . ARGUING . BOASTING ° BRAGGING [CONVERSATION A: Simplified EAE: ARE: ERE: TAD: SEE: EEA RUA RAED, LA CEMIE SEAR EERIE. BOLI BORD. SR REE LAB WA, iT KR. AOE, HANG? BIXNMLAER, AV IAE T , BER FLERE, BMAP A. RE BIS ERE? FRE A PE EENF ARGIVEZ HD, LETRA — FFE, BR T BRR, 20610: BETTING; ARGUING; BOASTING 207 | awe PF) Se RAE (li:“to blow up a cow”) to brag (see page 214.) Junsheng Wang and Qingchun Zhao are neighbors. They are talking about the World Cup. ‘Wang: It was awesome watching the World Cup these past few days. Today I didn’t even go to work—took the time off. Zhao: Look at you, you're hooked. Is it worth it? ‘Wang: ‘What can I say, I love watching soccer. Forget the World Cup, even if it was just a school game, I'd enjoy it. Zhao: Aren’t you taking the addiction too far? You have to go to work!208 BT PAPA RSA. HLL LR BEERS, BUEAEG ART, RBG TP, BES 6) REN IL. E: BIS RAIL, 1 (LYS: ERE BF. =: LPR WHEN EP! AEA UE, A ERE: AAR: Am Ee. 2 ARAL? 2, BEARMEST We? ALI DA EA, BEB JLB AE EBE 2 ABABA J Lie LE Pa AE EG, HE? =: WBA BL? AE EA BR, FA ie ILE! RIK TJ, MAR. WT BUR, BAR? 2 AAMAS EN, RAY LI A IRE. EE titi TAR uk Hy TB? ARIE — Bik nine! U3RA, BURA FE? Wee, MBER YK: BASE ein T , Bae es!Wang: Zhao: Wang: Zhao: Wang: Zhao: Wang: Zhao: Wang: Zhao: Traditional 10: BETTING; ARGUING; BOASTING 209 I don’t know why—ever since the World Cup started, besides watching soccer, | couldn’t put my heart into doing anything. As long as there’s soccer on TV, I have to watch, otherwise I can’t eat and I can’t sleep, and you want me to go to work? In that case, who's going to win when Brazil plays France tonight? Isn't that obvious? Brazil, of course! Going against Brazil, France is out of its league. Up till now, France hasn’t lost one game! I think France is pretty strong this time around. . How is it even possible for Brazil to lose to France? ‘Whatever you say, France has no chance of beating Brazil. I doubt it. ‘You wanna bet? Forget France beating Brazil. Even if they tie, it’ll count as me losing. If I lose, lunch’s on me, how ’bout it? What's this with the bets? I’m not as hooked as you are. I don’t care how good Brazil is; they've lost more than once, haven’t they? France is undefeated! Now you listen to me, are you going to bet or are you going to chicken out? Fine, I’ll bet! If France loses, I'll invite you out! 4: AUS BE RAAB J, DLA LE MOTEL FALE. BE i BAUR RA GARD. SRR BE, HT AB210) A+R : ANCOR, eR? ‘E: RUA EE, Aa abet EERIE, RAAT A. ST EAR. FRR ST, LEE > APA BR BREN? FS ERG LE BEMF! BES ANAS EEN, BST i — HIE, BRT BER, WER BARE, BUEARA ANT, BRR HIGAR P, BES 3, OW ie AE EE? 2 APRA FLL EGA EBS, ae? > TUSHAR ht? RE Pe, YB AAAS. A] YI BE I HE: CGO BREF PE! A ATARI EB. + WRAP? : BEANMEFT HB? ASA BRR DER, BR EE : IS RALL ER — a ae! RIS 5 me, 12 A T, RM. HT Ra RK, CE He tit TAL TM? AB : CPE ANY, BRATS EA. EB [S| aS ENE! 2 ARIA, BURA IB? + TE, Het aT, Baris10: BETTING; ARGUING; BOASTING 211 WEE + BLAM HAP RD. 3K Colloquial form for “exciting”; “exhilarating”; “thrilling” KL KI .“Ies really exciting.” For example, HERA _Li®, REIL T RANT HF ERK, FLOR GH! “There was no class yesterday, so I played video games for a whole day. It was really exciting.” + SLRS LAR E 3... ABYL... “Didn't even ...” When € is used correlatively with tH or #B, it means “even:’The first “...” is a verb, and the second “..." is often used as it’s object. The objective comes first and is emphasized in meaning. For example, FUEL (H BENZ, “I didn’t even eat anything.” {HJ44R 17g 7S. “He can’t even read a newspaper.” © ARTA, (ae AE... 4A colloquial sentence pattern: “Look how ... ... is.” The first “...” is usually a noun or pronoun, and the second ‘ expresses a verbal mood. For example, #KAFEZ SK IRM. “Look how joyful the old man is.” (#4 FE (HAT ETE. “Look how drunk they are.” @FEUKRKFF. “Look how fascinated you are.” + FMR, ASA? {E2463 ( (224 [zhi dang] be worthwhile; be to one’s advantage) “Is it worth it?” A colloquial expression usually used in a negative sentence or rhetorical question. For example, 2yiX3#JLEABA KA, (4S? “Getting so angry over this—is it worth it?” © REAMLA LR BIKA This phrase literally means: “I, this person.” It is an apposi- tive phrase, which is a combination of two words that refer to the same person or thing from different aspects. For example, FLIX A.212 B+H FEE HAZ. “1 really like to make friends.” Appositive phrases are frequently used in Chinese. For example, {tl G,“he himself.” BUNVERE A, “we, the youth” HIJ=7 A, “the three of you.” +H FE] PY ABAG AR, “the capital of China, Beijing.” + BAT AR ERIX A FERE I? ([zhéomi{)) “Be fascinated”; “be captivated.” For example, EA SNIKT HBX ZAK? “How could you be so fasci- nated by this movie?” + PCR PRRVAEHOK (HUA [jingshén] spirit) “Raise one’s spirits,” “brace oneself up.” The negative form is PEANUT HIOR, “down in the dumps.” For example, K SPER MOK, FIX ALL EAB. “Everybody, perk up and finish up the work.” + BRIT FE, BEAN EEK “Otherwise"s“or.” For example, BEA Fe — KEE MARL 32, BEAN ARMHEDE. “1 have to finish my homework today; oth- exwise I won't go to bed.” SA a AFB... Hh... AB.... This is a colloquial pattern to express “can do neither ... nor ....” In each... tH...78...of the parallel structure, the...” before or after AN is the same verb, and the last “...” is its complement. For example, IX 3¢ LEME IST, BE LIEA T, PAIK ERAS F. “This matter is really hard to handle; I can neither go nor stay.” + REE RAEN L. AREAL A colloquial expression for “somebody is not an ad- versary or match.” For example, AUFR LLWAK, (RAR ET IL. “You're no match swimming against me.”10: BETTING; ARGUING; BoasTING 213 UO LA RAE FE WZE... FF (WC [bai] be defeated; lose; fail) “Be defeated by For example, XY ELSE BSE ERB HE T Fin sh A 'F. “In this tournament the Chinese Ping-Pong team was defeated by the Swedish team.” EEA EBA UR EG. AME EA Vi “No matter what” or “in any case.”This is a col- loquial expression that is usually used in an argument or discussion. For example, 42-45% Bi, HHH AKA I. “No matter what, he’s not that bad.” ARABI FB FLAP. A colloquial form for “not necessarily” or “not likely” For example, ft WAS DL4EZE 9K. “He might not come tonight.” HS AER HRW AUK [cud] gather; bring together) A colloquial expression meaning “to have a meal.” For example, €F, JE) ARMA J HR) LAE — WEA M2 “Lao Wang, how about we eat together this weekend?” When used in if... HH@—WH, “treat...to dinner.” For example, E2K URTEER, MEYER T . “You treated me last time. It’s my turn to treat you to dinner this time.” BURA i 42 BIER Literally, “to the bottom.” It is often used for emphasis in a question. For example, BIE AE T {+ SE? “What on earth is the matter?” {th 2 ER 7EUIB JL? “Where in the world can he be?”214 BR [CONVERSATION B: Simplified UWL, BRE AR AU HEA ISTE — Boe RIE LAS, MB BALE T SS T. BEAR: HAR RP MAB T PRET MUNIB: BEHENE? BRT 2 BEV L! ABB LIA, BBA, PULA TT. BAT TAS 8, 15 CREE ak. EPR BERTREDR ILE! BEER: UWA NUL. URS ABATE TIE HU RME! OK, SEM OSS, EL. Bact HIF T , MBIA. PS: ARIEL Z Rub? LRAT TUE? UR AT ARRAY Fl AAMAS, RAR T, Hs BUM IAS IK, SJL LE EPI? Pee AMET EAE? BOR: BRED SL BE FT Lee, BAR BLS MLL, AA — We. BEAL, WAH HUM T , BIA T ET. DS: SEB JLER TE! HBOS, BRISA BS, FER. LARPs ALR 26, ARR FE RUPE LE Tea EB 202% ZS HL10: BETTING; ARGUING; BOASTING 215 It is Sunday night and Xuedong Qian and high school friend Xiaopeng Lin are drinking together at a restaurant. Qian is still in college, while Lin has been working for over three years. Qian: Lin: Qian: Lin: Qian: Lin: See, you knocked over the cup again. You're drunk, aren’t you? Who are you talking about? Me, drunk? Impossible! Forget these couple of bottles, even if I went till tomorrow morning I’m not going to get drunk. Since I was sixteen I have been drinking wine like I drink water. I haven’t felt drunk since I was born! There’s a limit to what you can brag about. You lose control of your tongue, and say you're not drunk! Here, drink some tea, and clear your head. Here, I'll drink this half bottle, and then we'll go home. You want to go home? Can’t go on, can you? You're no match against me! If you got the goods we can go on, decide it right here, right now. Oh, you said you have a test tomorrow. Are you pulling an all nighter? You're afraid you'll fail that test, right? Tests are no big deal at all, you know? Ever since elementary, I’ve never failed a test, and have got first place. But I say, let’s stop drinking. Any more and you won't be able to drive. What are you talking about! Don’t worry; I’m special in that the more I drink, the better I drive. Last time I started driving right after I chugged two bottles of Erguotuo (vodka), and I went 120 kilometers on the freeway, just like always!216 BH Traditional SEI L, SEERA TS HPA TE — 2K BEN SPREE LA, MBER ET SE% T. SPOR: UB: PSH: HE As FEF ALT, AE HE? ARAEWE? BUM T 2 MLAS SR! Arritie SILI, PL BIATE, AHMAD T . BAT TANK B®, BAO RRS Ok. BRT A BERR EME! 2 RAF SEER. UN TG ABARAT HE ARYZMNE! 2K, FENG IE, RE. BUI HSE T , MEIER. ARIEL EKANAT T ME? UR AT AREAS Fl SAMUS, ew IR. AT, oe BAAR AS AR, Fhe L FEE BA BEI? ESAS T EAE? + AREAS FT Es, Bost PAS HE, AIGA —we. BALA, Wa SNS T , FENG UDA TET. OB SAREE! U8 BUD, Bois ARE Ae WS, PIHORAR. LAH se — Sa HL, EAR AE ROR REL U1 20% 2B10: BETTING; ARGUING; BoasTING 217 WEE + RABAT, PULA T. FEL A colloquial form for “buddies ” or “pals.” Sometimes it is used to denote the speaker himself. For example, {th fj 4 F242 SRALUE WEEK, BELA AME! “He took out a gun to scare me.I, your buddy, wasn’t scared at all!” © RATTAN, AE Sk RE, 37... 3B A colloquial form for “starting from ....” similar to AK... FF Hi. For example, Mil BU TLR TY , ATA Ril, ENR FR All BE. “You have been washing dishes these last twenty days. Starting from today, I will wash dishes after dinner.” © REF Le! IRF (2 [bai] generation) “All one’ life” For example, FRE BUX IE FBR —A. “Today is the happiest day in my life” + EP RRR ILE! WA... RRIL (& [chang] to taste; to try the flavor of WE TIL [ziweir] taste; flavor) “Have not tasted the flavor of ....” For example, {tL IRI 22 REG Pe AE HEM JL. “He's never had a taste of a hard life” + ARPA SQL, JL A colloquial expression for “a limitation.” For example, 43% TAY BLAS AVRIL T . “What you said is just absurd.” Literally: “What your said is boundless.” © WES BROTHER T EVIE! FRYE AEE (EMH [shihuan] use; handle) A colloquial form for “won't obey.” For example, 3X JL 4 AN AE A 1K. “This horse won't obey a stranger.” The opposite expression to AN Uy (Mie is AE28 ATH SAI, “easy to handle.” For example, 3X AHF A LAA {illf&. “This brand of tools is easy to use.” + OK FOS, RAL. BEREHH GE [xing ] sober up; HH! [shén] mind; consciousness.) “To sober up”;“*to clear one’s head.” This expression is usually used in the imperative mood, asking somebody to sober up. For example, PROB IE T , PRU ARYA AS EEE AIL. “You are drunk. Drink a cup of strong tea to sober yourself up.” © BAEK T , MARIA. =F “Empty?”“‘drink up (wine or liquor).” For example, 7 PYAR Up taE—FOHBF T ! “You drank up a bottle of liquor in two days!” P#K, “drink a toast.” YBNI HE I “Let’s drink a toast to the success of our cooperative effort!” + WTRERAMF FRE... IMT “No match for ....” I “equal” For example, {27S EVR HIM . AAI RAEF, aR. ATA A colloquial form of “be capable” AX ZF means “capabil- ity? “ability.” or “skill” For example, (32 2A ASE, BLU Fi BAT. “He would have been a millionaire a long time ago if he were capable enough.” » AAS RET, LMR. JUAN BEI “see who is better.” feu{EK means relative superiority or interiority. For example, (8.40) BLUR PR BR LCBRRF, 4 FCM ANIL AS BVIK. “You have been saying that you are a better wrestler. Let’s te =F means “match” or “He is no match for you.” see who is better today.”10: BETTING; ARGUING; BOASTING 219 A> JUNG Ee AP BEI? FPR 17 means “night train.” JF is a colloquial expres- sion for “work late into the night”; “put in extra time at night”; or “burn the midnight oil.” For example, SAHIVEWAZS J, Bt FEFF RAH IE AR SE. “Today’s homework is too much. We could not finish it even if we work all night.” OMAP AMET FEAR? .- MET (fill [24] fail; fail through; or be bungled) Colloquial ex- pression for “fail.” ... is usually a verb. For example, $9 Ml J. “1 failed the test.” 34) LAMIli [. “The job was bungled.” ASH T. “The performance was a fiasco.” FARIA EDL ANSR—AR “A piece of cake.” 3%, “common dishes,” is used as a colloquial expression for something extremely easy to do or manage. For example, 1 4-5 FEAR Wi ve TOE, eh tt BE DE JL—TBR. “This is a difficult problem to us but a piece of cake for him. FEM IRBIE A T eT & A colloquial form for 4, “will.” For example, PAR JLUG, HE ANE ZIBB T . “Hurry up! Otherwise we'll be late.” LEE “What are you saying?”“"You shouldn't say that.” This is a colloquial expression often used for politeness. For example, “ACHR GUK S. “RJLASTE. ” “Sorry to have caused you so much trouble” “You shouldn't say that.” JEAN AE RPL ZE fet aE Bt 120% ZS HY FRE “As usual.” For example, Ut} S47 T&S Et Das FRORE JX El? “Why did I catch the flu as before, even after I had the flu vaccine?”220 B+ [LvocaBuLarY THSRRR shijiebai We didit yin AE wéizhi Y ching ky A ping se & § RE zui WR chuinid BS shétou zh A hut Bo fangxin EA tédiin ‘World Cup be fascinated by; be crazy about; fan ask for leave win; beat kick; play (football) lose; be beaten bet; wager addiction; strong interest (in a sport or pastime) up to; till (measure word, similar to “number of games”) (sports) make the same score; tie; draw dare; brave (measure word, similar to “number of meals”) intoxicated boast; brag; talk big tongue fail; fall through; be bungled (measure word, similar to “number of times”) set one’s mind at rest; feel relieved characteristic; distinguishing feature10: BETTING; ARGUING; BoasTING 221 tit ping (measure word, similar to “number of bottles”) fa win reliable; secure; safe SHAS ergustou a strong spirit made from sorghum _——_ LEXERCISES A. Fill in the spaces with the appropriate words or phrases: HOR RIA BIER BA MEEA AAT YeHE Ae 1 ABS HAY ) LEG A, ER EEA A] Be? 2 RAH ARNE, REA A. 3 AAI PR ILAMC EA Bee BAT. 4 METI FEST RII LOBE, 5 ARR RRT SRA ENE HER— FP. 6 PER BCH LEY FT Sis Te mB, . AURA IR MA BS, AEE BETES TORE, Pt at, HAFAN. _ ~ B. Choose the expression from the following list that best corresponds to the underlined words or phrases: fA Be RB) A WA222 A+R WEAR BARK BEL 1 PRATAENMT WF? WAH EX. 2 FLAS SUH RAL, A aT? 3 WAYS, Mt LA Sea RRA ES 4 FRSC, (eel se AN Ht 5 BAA I, Pe AE UL, 6 BA JLM BR JLB ACA TF A EL EF? 7 EAT] sz BERILIB ER, WE AT AS eS fib AT C. Fill in the spaces with the appropriate words or phrases: BILE FBR RET WL WWE WHORL REALS BAIR 1 & OBR BNE, A BK. 2 ABR ATTIC TD Ha EAB TPT BRAN i I. 3 PARAS IL? ABTA te BAA A T. 4 URI RE REA AKAT AAS T. 5 FT LFER IR BLE RASA Add. 6 RRR AEE T XH DPB BUTE T ri 7 ABATE SE SERENE, iE BE : 8 BELLONA, Mer AN AE : 9 BORA A. BIA Be. We, 47 AGE AB10: BETTING; ARGUING; BOASTING 223 D. Choose the expression from the following list that best corresponds to the underlined words or phras WT | AMIE wT + es: T AER A ANAE ASG ABBR 1 EEA RE RAE RAR, WS BARAT. 2K, FEO TT, RUE A PUR! 3 WE, Pea! BBE LU TUS ASHE 4 NBS, ILS, BPRAS AT. 5 WBE AT, ORME ER. 6 FPR Ae, BAI A LA 7 DAMA FE, NZ TE EBL. 8 SRRBEEAZRALE 1? SR PABA FT. [LANswer KEY Exercise A (Dialogue 1) eSriyaAuerone BIR BRA wR WEA Sue ROE GE. ABB... Ub AE... Bye) BRR ABB, wth... AB...) Exercise B (Dialogue 1) aH 4 ik ARAL ARS BRB Meet ET Ott. Naur one224 BPH Exercise C (Dialogue 2) Exercise D (Dialogue 2) 1 ay ; aad 2 FRR , 3 WL : vee % i tas 6 LINE 6 RHUL - 7 4 GT...) 7 WAS ene 8 ARUFHEIE 8 OTE ORE... AOP) 9 BURL CBRL... fa JL) [L[cuttuRE NOTES If you want to translate English expressions that contain the word “fan,” “enchant,” or “fascinate” into Chinese, you would often need to use the Chinese word 2&, which often means “be fascinated by,” “be crazy about,” “fan,” “enthusiast,” or “fascinate.” Please see the following examples: PEAS be fascinated with; madly cling to aK be fascinated; be captivated AK fascinated; enchanted Trek money grubber; miser BOK chess fan; chess enthusiast PRA (ball game) fan WRK theatre fan FERRE football fan10: BETTING; ARGUING; BoasTING 225 In fact, the basic meaning of 2K is “be confused,” “be lost,” “fiend,” “confuse,” or “perplex.” The following are words or expressions that contain 2K with these different meanings. RBI 2a BBR ek Ee wer BA aL ee puzzle; confuse; perplex; bafle misted; blurred; dimmed; dazed; confused; muddled lose one’s way; get lost lose one’s way; get lost dense fog; anything that misleads people superstition; superstitious; belief; blind faith; blind worship; have blind faith in; make a fetish of stupor; coma puzzling remark; enigma; riddle labyrinth; maze fascinating; enchanting; charming; tempting sth, intended to turn sb.s head; magic potion hide-and-seek; blindman’s buff; be tricky and evasive; play hide-and-seek ARIPESERE (a life of) luxury and dissipation FELL ZF be possessed; be obsessed SAK ea the spectators see the chess game better than the players; the on- looker sees most of the game.+R 11. SEAM LABEL BRE SMa, Ri LA TAKING A TRIP ° THROWING A PARTY [CONVERSATION A: Simplified SARA 2224 CE KR BE Hh HET ier. AN: UEP GOR ABE, JETER RAR, HSL JUNE. eM, ATI, tk ERB ILA EAM. MRE HB) LF? ANE: = EBLUL A RE “SE LEDRAN ALL” DE. 22611: TAKING A TRIP; THROWING A PARTY 227 FE—FEFAT (lits“t0 get a stomach full of anger") to get angry (see page 228.) Xiao Peng and his wife, Lan Lan, are talking about where they should go for the May Day long weekend. Peng: We have seven days off. It’s boring staying at home, let’s go somewhere. Lan: Sure, I’ve been thinking about what to do with the time, also. Where do you say we go? Peng: How about going to Mt. Huang? They say after returning from Mt. Huang, one does not need to see any more mountains.228 Ath 2eé) HELL REL, WA AUR Se! ANI: BEAR LLIZFBOR TB” , RASA EDK? 22) BRIAR, BEAL LT AL. FE BE, 1k FAA LAT ERA A. MEE ee _E ABIL ZASEILE. DAA: te. ARSE As APE? LAB RBA, AGT. Me™ RHUL. Seu EWR, APE CETL. Be ARHIATAL, EAN Be ET! “DA: BEISBERS, OR LAR-T BIA, 12d 77 EEE eH We! Seé ORRBAARL (KALA HAZE A LE, 17 8 REA BL, BELA. RBA. ET, BOF, (A? AN: AV ERAEA UL, METH AN EEA EAS HT nee M2, BEAR, WA 2AM LL RRR? AW: BK AYU BE AS, BERR, AH ABEL? x PRA RMI T , ACR ASR A HY AEE HT, WAFL, BEART. BREESE ALT HE, TRUBS) LASIL AE.Peng: Lan: Peng: Lan: Peng: Lan: Peng: Lan: Peng: 11: TAKING A TRIP; THROWING A PARTY 229 On Mt. Huang, there are nothing but mountains. It'd be better if we could go somewhere with both mountains and water! Guilin calls its scenery best in the world; do you want to go there? Guilin is nice, it just a little far away from Beijing. Besides, over the long weekend I bet there’ going to be people everywhere. Let’s not fight the crowds there. That makes sense. How about Mt. Tai and Baiyang Lake? There are mountains and there’s water, but we have to go to two places. No kidding. Mt. Tai is in Shandong; Baiyang Lake is in Hebei. Going to Shandong then going to Hebei, we'll have too many problems just on the road! Well, no matter how you look at it, nowhere is perfect. It’s hard to decide on a place! If you think about it, no matter where you go on a long weekend, it’ll be crowded. Besides the inconvenience, everyone’ raising their prices and ripping people off. The holiday’s going to end and we'll be all stressed out—is it worth it? ‘Well, we can’t stay at home for seven days, can we? Why don’t we go see the mountains outside the city? Those mountains are neither famous nor scenic. What is there to see up there? You've got it wrong, there are plenty of good places to go outside of Beijing—there are mountains and there’s water. I’ll introduce you to a few places; I guarantee you'll have a good time.230 Be Traditional | FA AOA ABE RT — AR IHS ET ier. JN: ACRE, EER RB, WEST Sane. 47 UB, Bete TERRI EK IS EE. eats OS Sade? FST EB: SEL BRAN LL” OR. SUPA T WE, OA AK Si! “BERR FAB” , RAAB SEAR? REPRISE, BUC AEAL IRR T Bh. FRR, ARS FEF EAB A. EEE ill EA SRE LT. felted. ABSEE Dos A ee? LK sl FEMA T , PE Ho 7. GH. FUER, ARBEIT. Basel MT Ab, BAN a ET a! BORER, OB LAA BIA, Te Hy AEE EI! PRGA, ESSE AC HH J PS Hie EUS 5A, Th EAB AEA, AE AL. ARSE A. 8 ie T , LT, (AR? AE ES ERR, PEUPL AS BE TER SBCA AS HY ne?11: TAKING A TRIP; THROWING A PaRTY 231 BAP: SEAS, HEL Be ANY: XB AY LSE BIR 4, BORE, A Re BOM: ARRAN ET ACER A er, BE UAL, BEARAT AK, BRAS ABS HT 7, PROBL SFE HORE. WHER HERR ED RAF (HK [dai] stay) This is a colloquial form of “stay.” For example, USES LAAN, RY_EWRBIIK. “You stay here, I'll be back in a minute.” HER ARAB YB (FH Gin] interest) This expression is a colloquial form for “not interesting”; or “boring.” For example, XS HVA), ANAL 4. “This movie is no fun; I don’t want to watch it.” Feith ERR ILA BAM 3$B ({2udmo] turn something over in one’s mind) A colloquial form for “ponder.” For example, 3X 4 ) LERERIE JL TF , iB FEWINE. “This has been turning over in my mind for several days, but I still haven't found a way out.” SOUR T wee BRT ...EHE... (RT [chile] except, besides, in addition to...) “Nothing else except ...” For example, (EKER I LIER LE, AIEFEITUF. “You do nothing else except go to work, don’t you feel bored?” a232 +H + MESS Vr LPT HT & A LAT ZK “Has mountains and rivers.” This expression is used to describe a place with a positive connotation, similar to “with good scenery.” For example, REARA LA AK, UEC AT RFT. “My hometown has many mountains and rivers; the scenery is wonderful.” © IRD Va LA ak Ty BUF Here & serves as an adverb, and means “to a high degree.” UE often means “very good,” but when it follows a phrase, it often expresses the meaning: “It would be good if ...” For example, HWA HY TM STIL EL PUP RRS HF. “Don’t go to the movie. Better to play video games.” + REPEL, aA SILT RL we T UL “A little too ....”... is usually an adjective or a psycho- logical verb. For example, AF AARA T AIL, Priddy) JHE ARTEL, “These clothes are a little too big; why don’t you try something smaller?” + BU KA AAR IL AT WIR ABE A FSVi This expression is used to express reasons: “besides”; “what's more.” For example, 272 5) 204 (tha. fthAN— xe EN TA OK, FRE te AHA T. “Let's not call him. He might not have time to come; besides, it’s too late now.” © FDL, KAR ALLY eR aE HHUBABAE... “... meets the eyes on every side.” For example, Jf WTA TY Za teh? HER AB AEA SK. “What's so good about that place? It’s full of rocks.” + RARE AB LAE LE FLHEIL CAL [2a] bind; HE [dui] stack) This is a colloquial expres-11: TAKING A TRIP; THROWING A Party 233 sion with the meaning “gather around.” For example, ft ZERAB HE KFLHEJL. “He just likes to hang around with those people.” BAe WW AR ae A, RAN ET BE! SEAMB...E! This pattern is used to express a comment with a strong tone.The meaning is similar to %... PK)! “It’s very ...1... is often a verbal phrase with negative meaning, For example, (54444 ALES MEME JL, RANG LAF AE. “When you watch him do things, it’s all you can do not to worry about him.” VRE, LRA BIA PEI BEZ, ... “When all is said, the fact remains that ...." In this pattern, VERBS means “after repeatedly talking about some- thing”; and ... means that the fact is still .... For example, HIK UL 2s, ABIL AGBEMA NIZA. “After everything is said and done, there’s still no place as good as our hometown.” PRABAR, JAAR 32 FS LAH, ... PRRBAB “Just think.” This expression is often used to persuade people. It can stand by itself or introduce an opinion. For example, /xAHA8, TAMER AA HSI LS BT HH. “Just think, what a waste it would be if we didn’t go somewhere when the weather’ this good.” Wise T, FAG (Ha? FR-ALF-A0 (& [ré] invite or ask for something undesirable; provoke; cause) #4” is a phrase with the meaning “get angry” There are often words inserted between #& and “t. HHL FAC is one example, also a relatively fixed pattern, which means “get very angry.” For example, FRHFA MW ix 8 LAR T ALFA. “1 got very angry over this again yesterday.” AEE Vi, MNT ELE RCA PT iH As a colloquial expression, ffi serves as a verb and means: “hide234 Abe oneself” For example, AS 4E WD ) LAAN? KA A BAB FRANZ). “where did you hide yourself? So many people looked for you but couldn’ find you.” BEAR, MASHER LL Se? $66 ( (zhuin] curn, shift) A colloquial form for “take a short walk” or “take a trip.” For example, 7S AR BRANT ACHES il #4 J #%. “Last weekend we took a trip to Beihai Park.” KA ER, BERR, AIT ARK? APHTA....5& This is a rhetorical question that means: “Why do ...2” In this expression, ... is a verb, 5k is a suffix added to the verb, and ...5& refers to something worth doing. For example, IX #SK AF ANZ SK? “What's so good about this dish?” & [CONVERSATION B: Simplified PARADE IA IE TEN OR AR ARLE TB “EAR Wy: FRIES +S A, UBUIAITEA LE? PAR: OM, EAT RR? AHIR AAT T? MARAE SEL. MY: BARAT BET Atha. SLE AE, IRA. Are SE Ae FMV ARSENE F, RAAT, BEX MAAR. WEMATIE?PAR: BUR: 3 z KAR: RAR: BH: PAR: 11: TAKING A TRIP; THROWING A PaRTY 235 MSL LEME, BE LBL A, MERAH, OWS) Ling eO RUE AR RINE? MAEM BIE HE Si? FAAP, RN ERE, BEKBAR. BALE AB, — AULINEABEAT. FLA ALARA, PUES. PULA AL, BED T me, HUE: Bees Ta, BARB NDL, LASUEE, LER RE. PRA A WS ZAR TIL? MESA ATH REERE NH SIA MUM AAT. HO BABU LST AAR LART LI BE AL, SUE, MB, eB UATE. BOWE, BETZ. FIA, AACA TLS + AM, BE ARORUSW 2, EPRI A: BO, MAA, AR FPVLOAL J, BEDE, (PORE UL. 1, HELA, RUE, BEATE! RA AMEE MRE ITITAT, AES NS D BAAME AI. TALIA BE, BT BLURB, BALE PARR. AL, BIEL, MAAN LL BABE. 16, RRR236 Bt Lin Sen and his wife, Li Ping, are discussing whether to invite guests for Lin’s thirtieth birthday. Li Ping: Next Sunday is your thirtieth birthday; what do you say we do to celebrate? Lin Sen: Hai, what's there to celebrate about a birthday? Just make some noodles and it'll be enough. Saves money and saves time. Li Ping: Whatever you say, we're celebrating your birthday this time. Everyone's celebrating birthdays these days; we're going to do it no matter what. Your coworkers never left you out when inviting people for their birthdays, so it doesn’t matter if you want to or not. Shouldn’t you use the chance to invite them out, and pay them back? Lin Sen: Right now we've got no money, no time, and we're busy every day doing God knows what, so how can we afford to invite people! Li Peng: Now how'd you get so good at crying poor? Didn't we just get our year-end bonus? If we save it it'll just sit there. I'd rather spend it on your birthday, and then we don’t have to owe people anymore. Lin Sen: ‘What am I going to do with you, I've got no clue. We just got a bonus, and it’s burning a hole in your pocket. The thing with inviting people out is, if you don’t spend that much, you're afraid of getting laughed at; if you do spend a lot, there’s no limit at all to how much—a few hundred, a few thousand. Li Ping: ‘Why are you so stingy? You were perfectly happy eating theirs, but now that it’s your turn to bleed you can’t do it.Lin Sen: Li Ping: Lin Sen: Li Ping: Lin Sen: Traditional 11: TAKING A TRIP; THROWING A PARTY 237 What are you talking about! This stingy or not stingy? I’m saying, if we spend, we don’t have the money; if we don’t, people will laugh at us. There’s no point in inviting people when it is like this. ‘Your coworkers and friends all know it’s your thirtieth. If you just let it pass, how are you going to face them? As I see it, you have to throw a party no matter if you want to or not. Forget us having some money right now; even if we didn’t, we'd have to borrow some and do it anyways. Man, it’s no good inviting people out, and no good not doing it. What a hard choice! What's hard about it? We do what we can, and spend whatever we can afford. Nothing to be ashamed of. That all sounds good, but what if we really go ahead and invite people out—it’s impossible without at least a few thousand. But, on the other hand, it’s worse to owe people a favor than to owe people money. Fine, let’s do it your way. PRR IIE CE Cet iit BES BE ais Be A KARI = PBR AR FEE: PAR: FIRE = BRE A, Paine 45 BE ASE? me, 4 AAT ERENT? AGA BRAS RAT T 2 REBAR.238) At i JOY. Ja ARRAS. Bie Aah A, WAZ 7 TI. PT SAE en VAL IE UEP, RAAB AE Ara, WR Re Ae. BET mg? PAR: «WES CE AE BEES OE, BEING PEL ISLIRG TH], ERA, US 5k eh PS eS | JERE: BURA AS ER AT LSM? MEAN EE Se BSE AS Mele FES, ROS CMA, 4 PRERENDER. WA: - REA, SAUER. FE IAS SE RLE , URALAME TT . a liz Ada GG, BED Tn, HAR: BES TIM, PARMAR, BAEC, MPRA. FEE: ASS RE IS RSPB? Wz A A RE es, BI A CORUM REA T PAR: Awa BUW GLAST | tHE 5 ANP Se 2 FRA, S BEML, MABE I); ZH SRE, MARA. WM, Bea. WEE: AIS. ACARI AE I= ae, BE RABPSwA, CEPR ERA? RAG, MAA, DHL. EA TASS, LAL VSS, (HEME ARR. PR: OR, a (HAN RL, AHA. HERA EF!11: TAKING A TRIP; THROWING A PARTY 239 ESE: GATT EMER? ME ELIT, WS A> He D>, BHEWE AW. PAR: aR ALIA, PY LI, LET BH AS PARR. AN, ch SIAR, At RAN RABGRWEZ. 8, TRE P6Ue. WER “AAT AR? FATT ARE....BA? Also as AFT FT...f19? A thetorical question to express disapproval, it has the same meaning as the frequently used expression, BEATZ F....f1,““Ie is not worth it to do ....” For example, 3X SPLAT ZR DENG? “Why talk about something so minor.” SLED) AOE A WEAR ete et. AK...AB.. tH... (B) This pattern is used to provide contrast:“even if we don’t want to ..., we still have to ....” Here ... is a verb, and ... is its object or complement. For example, (TABU T , IRV T BABA EEL). “You have all spoken, now it’s my turn. Even if I don’t want to, | still have to say something.” + RAPIALRAHTH, BRE MAHAR. TBAT me? H..., tH... “Even if ..., (B).” This pattern is used to express an assumed situation and the results or inference drawn from it. For example, FEM ALAR, EAN RANI. “Even if she has never been to that store, she still should be able to find it.” REMI A LTC ATI JEP IA “Be indifferent”;“doesn’t matter.” For example, Mt A240 BRE FABAC TIA, BEM tet NAT... “Whatever we eat is okay with me, as long as you are all happy.” IER. OE ATE Te? FIXME ( [chan] take advantage off avail oneself of;“Take this chance;"“use this opportunity.” For example, M4] I A UR, ANTEX HLA Hi HEIL) L? “There is no class tomor- row Why don’t we take this chance to go out have some fun?” te iKIIX PLA. REEMA Te? FEMME OSE [rénging] a favor, feelings) “Return a favor) “send gifts in return.” For example, JL4S A LA Birth 2a at RAL, SAL ZE BEIT ART , BRC YE 2 I PLE MA. “She gave me a gift a few months ago. Now that it’s New Year's I'm going to return the favor.” WEEULZE FE BEV BG, DEWPT LITT, EAE, OO Lie ie! 3342 This expression means “fully occupied,” and contains a passive connotation, For example, HEAR IRIS I SHER. “I was very busy for all day yesterday.” FREES, TMOREMEA, . ASE... ARM... A colloquial way to express “rather ... than ...”” For example, FEM hee, Ao Cikik Ff. “Since we're going to wait anyway, why don’t we try it ourselves.” BALES ARB, — LINE BA RIE HRIX... WT, ... “To you, ...,1...” This pattern is used to show the speaker's frustration and inability to deal with his listener. The first “...” should be a noun phrase, and the second “...” should be the speaker’s comments. {could be replaced by #f({IJ. For11: TAKING A TRIP; THROWING A ParTy 241 example, FRIEeNTIX HE) FR GI, ELIE. “To you little guys, I can’t do anything at all.” FAA LR ae, ERLE T BE%B... “Burning a hole in one’s pockets.” A colloquial way to say that someone is getting carried away with their wealth. For example, Fi URE TE AS UF HFT. “He got a little bit of money and now it’s burning a hole in his pocket.” BED Tie, HARE: RES TE, BARA AWL, DB, 3.0, ... “If... then ...;if..., then ...” This pattern im- plies a difficult choice. The conditions are expressed by “if...” and the corresponding consequences are expressed by “then...” For example, UVR ME ALAM? TER ARIE, AS, HSE WRATIE, BREAK, ASA. “what do you think we should do this long weekend? We can stay home, but it'll be too boring; or we can go out, but there’ll be too many cars on the road.” EA ASAI TL? FRIVL GE [kou] to dig or dig out with a finger.) This is a col- loquial expression, that means “stingy” or “miserly.” For example, {tt FLAY RAE BEAR TL, AAT RIE HEAT A. “Although sometimes he is stingy, sometimes he is quite generous.” BRERA RMIE, BARRE DA? 78 AAR A fixed expression for “not say a word” or “not utter a sound.” For example, Jil] (78 FAS ma A, ft EC HES 28. “Don’t be fooled by him not saying anything all the time, he’s clearer than anyone else inside.”242 Bt + BEDRAILS, BARRERA? 15 Cees 4E¢-BCAB stands for “having the nerve.” For example, Wn 0, WF RE ELI BPA! “How could she have the nerve to say one like this!” + REF RSA, MAA. LH “1 think”;“in my opinion.” For example, RB Wi EME — GER, DUE RR _E— sz ESR ZENE. “1 think you'd better leave a little later. I bet there’s a traffic jam right now. ” + REG PSR, MREBE. th @..., AR.. ABA... This is a colloquial pattern in duplicated form to emphasize “have to,” “there is no choice,” or “no matter ... or not.” It literally means that “(If somebody) wants to ..., then ..., (if somebody) does not want to ..., he (or she) still has to do it.” ” is usually a verb or verbal phrase. For example, Aff} BE MENA tA, HAAWAA. “Today's meeting is very important. If we want to go, we go. If we don’t want to go, we still have to go.” + HARSDH SD WItanErn. AB... BD... BD “To ... as much as one can.” In this expres- sion, the first and the third “...” are the same verb, and the second “_.."is its complement.The structure ...4@... indicates possibility. For example, IAS RPE ST SDF, ARR. “We do as much as we can today, and we'll continue tomorrow.” ED RBS DBS. “These books, you just read as much as you can.”11: TAKING A TRIP; THROWING A PARTY 243 © TRAIKA Bi, AER, ED IL FRA ARS PARR. “PARSK “Cannot be done.” For example, MIKA KEL, ALAA FARK. “Building such a big house can't be done in less than several months.” + FE, PRE SIE. 4KAE “Comply with”;““go with.” For example, (HiEEEME F, UR AT AS BEAT Zs SE LAR ASAI. “He is still a child, you can't give in to him on everything” [[vocaBuLary Wat shingliang WAT ldxing H guang JAR guildi aH minyin Bill taishan FEWE —_ baiyangdian bir eS zhéteng Ait méng zhangjia aR hén A ziirén (7G zhide UHR gudyin wie toliin discuss travel; journey solely; only go back to; return to see the same thing everywhere Mount Taishan Baiyang Lake cause physical or mental suffering fierce; violent rise in price ruthless; relentless overcharge customers; rip off be worth enjoy oneself to the fullest discuss; talk over244 BRE iA ae RI oF Rede eer st. SH RAR 1 JI MOAT EX HRA guo (measure word, similar to “number of pans”) tongshi colleague; fellow worker kiqiéng complain of being hard up nidnzhong the end of the year jiangjin money award; bonus qian owe lan take turns fangxué bloodletting; spend money shili actual strength; strength xiohua laugh at shou birthday zhityi decision. na make (decision) liangliérxing act according to one’s capability ditirén lose face; be disgraced génbén simply —_— [ 4/exercises A. Fill in the spaces with the appropriate words or phrases: WRIA AA WHR BME RARE ATE Bi FLL 1 MT , URES, WG BE BRET. 2 BAR BR AAI TREES IE. iw 11: TAKING A TRIP; THROWING A ParTy 245 3 LASSI —AA OE, Ba E__ 4 MEAT BAAS Ss A, Ta, et te BEB KL. 5 SE TRAP IAR RL, MA 6 AE RABIN TEL, PR CBE PEI MBE EAB, 7 a ANAM, HERES BIE A UK 8 Be AJR, HAWAE, EOE ANG? . Choose the expression from the following list that best corresponds to the underlined words or phrases: BOUT RE RES Attamsk AU HH CRT AUL A? AGEPC RIE IE? IB Za Aa OF? 2 RRA A UE, PRESTR, BOUL ASRS. 3 URELTIXAAER, AA TT IN? 4 BATH VER bp Beh, Unb eae Ze, 5 WE—T ARLE ILA BB? HE, FRB MBILE. L 6 PLAT, RABE DoT, MEAT te Je BEE 7 WRAL) BARARA, AMAT. 8 ROR ETT ee, RR A. Np TA ABEL LR, NL BE CHE, SE Ua Roy246 HE 8 iets, thet, C. Fill in the spaces with the appropriate words or phrases: RERE JEM SER BORA RFA ASA PRU ERIE 1 fa BRI THF LUA TRUK 1 BORG wath. 2 ILA HIBS EAR, MRE FAME? 3 BAAN HEN, FEAR: BA Jy ENTE TRS. 4 BURA R ES WEA, IE ABA ae 5 ICE WIUTIX AB, DAL REL RT . 6 ae lel Bt ARERR AT, PTW NOR AE 7 WEA A SFA Fe, A (7g — na LL? 9 PURBAUES RIGA. HASH, TH AN i. He 10 Key EEN, — INE BA . Choose the expression from the following list that best corresponds to the underlined words or phrases: ATA FET 1 ARATE, 9 EB, RAL, MEME. 2 EAE wae RA WVL &B RH ha Nate TB FEA) abe HE.11: TAKING A TRIP; THROWING A PARTY 247 Ow wo UR ASE IRE UR T , BURR BE AG RHE. DAT PEG Bt 2S OBIT J LL ABT READ, IX AWE BRAT, PARKES OT. BRAN AS, th BRI 3] es? 6 UT AR SULIN, — A. 7 ROAR Re, PEAT LA BEX PL PK. 8 SRA MRR, UGE & bne Z >. 9 PEER EL, ASL, A ese HE. [ANswer KEY Exercise A (Dialogue 1) AAR FUEL Eag a BORDA: BRB, ...) KEANE GEAR Wf ...We) AnekonH NI WHER GAR AB AE...) 8 RISA RT... B He...) Exercise B (Dialogue 1) BH AGAR (RABAB) KE RG Bhi Hee AEA BUNAEK (Att 4...) Sry ANE WNHE 9 RT RL O.. TAI)248 tH Exercise C (Dialogue 2) Exercise D (Dialogue 2) 1 BA 1 #TUL 2 Hit 2 Tit 3 ANS AR MI 3 RE 4 RE 4 tat 5 BAK 5 Be GREE... th...) 6 Be RET...) 6 ATTA CATtAd...19) 7 RARER. A. ABA...) 7 BGK) 8 APRA (..nA..., 8 MET ED (7. A... tH...) b>... Bb) 9 AERO (MBs. ME, 9 HDA (ae, wo) ARM...) 10 FRAT RAB HRI A.B),11: TAKING A TRIP; THROWING A Party 249 [LcutturE NOTES According to the Chinese-English Dictionary A tif has several meanings: human feelings; human sympathy; sensibilities; human nature; human relationships; favor; gift; present; etiquette; custom. In fact, it’s easy to understand Chinese Afi} if you connect these definitions with sentences: All human beings have feelings, such as sympathy or sensibilities; this is human nature. When you have relationships with others, such as a friend or colleague, you should pay close attention to their feelings. If you receive a gift from someone, you'd better send a present in return. When you get a favor from a friend, you owe him or her one and need to return the sentiment. This is the established etiquette and custom in China. Mii is a very common topic in Chinese daily life. There are quite a few related words. For example, to do somebody a favor is (7+ At; to owe somebody a favor is “R.A #9; lip service is 25k Atif; to seek somebody’s favor through a third person is #£, Ati; to present a gift could be 3 A 4#§; not amenable to reason is AUE A fi¥; to lose sight of the human side of things is Ni} AHH; to observe social etiquette is RAM.Ble 12. PRU AFR IRAS Tel BESTT UTA J Ai ‘WORRYING ° PERSUADING, ADVISING . ENCOURAGING CONVINCING, REASONING [CONVERSATION A: Simplified TRACE AUGER ANA E BLA. FRAC: WC, UREA GH T 2 ERA EDA Te RARINE! IRIGAE: ABN ORE TL, UR RARE TL? FARA: (8 MARA SIE ADIL, dt — Se > WEA. 250 i |12: WORRYING; PERSUADING; ENCOURAGING 251 FAP cit-“cigarette demon”) cigarette demon (see page 252.) Mr. Zhang is talking with Mrs. Zhang. Mrs. Zhang: Hey, what are you doing? Smoking again? Didn’t you say you'd quit tomorrow? I really don’t know what to do with you! Mr. Zhang: __ I’ve been smoking for ten years. You think I can quit just like that? Mrs. Zhang: _ It’s not like you to not know why it’s bad for you; you live at least five minutes less for every one you smoke.252 Boe TRICE Traditional KAA: RIEL: KAKA: TRIG: TKAK: 2 WR, DUG LEB Ta LAM! BTA KART HN, BAESER. RAE —A ASL. PREM BYT RD, EAM WEE ZW HB! Rub, BEA UAE BEE TEI. WIE AAT MT... WT WT, RISER CORI. RMR BU ARYANS LOR. BY RAS BE IE LARA IAAF RMB? IEA, BRR, EERAT - HARLEM. UAH FEAF 5k, HH — A. » AT AE AA, KB OBA RD. (E: ARIA Bi, ATM TI? AL, Ds, NT RAGE, AT PAVERS, OBOE FCM, ANC CL AEE? TS TL? EE, RF, RAS BERTI RTE CH I, EL INE! IEE AURA A CEA TAK TIE. » WS, UAE HET 2? HERA AERA T OM? BE SARE! 2 HHT PORE TS, UU Act RAR AS T Ml?Mr. Zhang: Mrs. Zhang: Mr. Zhang: Mrs. Zhang: Mr. Zhang: Mrs, Zhang: Mr. Zhang: Mrs. Zhang: 12: WORRYING; PERSUADING; ENCOURAGING 253 If I die a few years sooner, I’ll die sooner. No big deal; better than living and suffering. This isn’t just about you. You have to take responsibility for your wife and your son, and for your mom and dad! Of course, we have a responsibility to help you quit. How about ... ? Thank you, but I'd rather do it myself. It’s not like I'm keeping it up on purpose! You have to do this slowly. But you can’t go on like this, quitting one day and starting the next! If you keep on trying to quit like this you’ll never quit. Anything’s hard when you get addicted. Addiction is a disease, and so is smoking. ‘Well, if you get sick we have to find a cure. You have to have self discipline, too. That all sounds good, but everything is a process, right? But, rest assured, for you and our son, for my own health, ’ll quit smoking no matter what! There, you happy? Oh, brother! All you ever do is clown around! What am I going to do with you, you big chain smoker? FRAC: OR AR SEAR RSH PE AS Ba, Sh — SC “> WEA Sil. eo oR, DYE REE it TG SEEMS TT BEXKAR T AN, BARES. FAK: HEATER MLA ES. WAN ZBL AM, BANMZE ZH RA A, Bt ANA ER OR. UsFrig BBT MT?254 BPH Re CHE: RAL: TRIE: RAK: Aa: BERRI E RR, FAAS AAI? ANI, PRTC RAK: aE BVT, REE ORI RYP ERD ARE HEE UR. HY ARAN BE ZARA AAA BAU? HE RRR, BARAT - APRESS LMM. (Bsa “RE” LEI FoR, WE BK. AT AMBER, KACREARD. wy, By TRAE, Fe T BREE, es ERE meta ae, ath a! BER? eT MB? ME, CRUE, Bit SE RIE Pp ie, BS WHE! + WN REA HET w ET “Started to... already” This pattern indicates that an action has started. For example, {tH GAGE TJ. “He started eating already” Wh 32 E3& J. “She's fallen in love with me.” + RINE BE... SINE A colloquial expression with a note of impatience: “Can't do any thing about ....” In this pattern, ... is often a noun or noun phrase. For example, fii HE AMTLINE. “I simply can’t do anything about them.”12: WORRYING; PERSUADING; ENCOURAGING 255 GRABS BEAR STE HH I TI ck DM... It is often used in a negative sentence or a rhetorical question to add emphasis. For example, & MFI Ap JL, BALM TEAB ) LAF ANF? “ve never been there, so how would I know if that place is any good?” Ui AR REAR TE HH I TT ee ARZEF... This pattern is a double negative in form but affirmative in meaning, and is used for showing emphasis. 7.7... simply means #.... The sentence from the text 46 AN SEAR ANH JARISAAL means (RAE HAIL. I's not as if you don't know the dangers of smoking.” Another example: (RNEARZ, AEA RAR. “It’s not like you don’t know, you just don't want to teach me.” WItAKAT fh, BARA AE. KAT A colloquial expression. When used in a negative form, KAT usually means “alarming” or “serious.” It is often used in the negative statement BE{TA KA FT EH) or in a rhetorical question ATtTARKA TF EK}? Both of these mean:“It’s nothing serious.”“It’s not a big deal.” For example, A\PAEJL A PREIS, WItAKA T fi. “Ie just a few hundred dollars; it’s nothing.” When KAX Fis used in a positive statement, it means “at the worst” or “if worst comes to worst.” For example, KAN T 4 LE SREK. “Ie'll cost us a few hundred dollars at worst.” AKAT IN, @PNESAE. ean (SZ4E [shouzui] endure hardships; tortures) A colloquial expression: “to suffer.” For example, GIL ¢#7E RR BIG SEAE, ANA PLE RGIFIG EH T . “Rather than suffer at home, it’s better to hurry to the hospital and have an operation.”256 B+ + WW, RE CORI. WT A colloquial expression that is the same as BY. For example, “IX RE MKB.” “UST.” “Here is the book I bought for you.” “Thanks.” © RR ERA Blut) “Intentionally”;“on purpose.” For example, (Rit, {ALAS JE LER ARE PRIIL? What do you think? Is he causing trouble for me on purpose?” Xt ANB, RAE BUD AY. “I'm sorry. 1 didn’t mean to.” + BRR, BEBAT K...&, ... “No matter how much you ..., the fact remains that...” In this pattern, the first and the second “...” are the same verb or verb phrase, so. ...K... 25 means that after repeatedly doing ..., the fact is still... For example, FRFRIIR A, MALIK FRB 4A BG. “No matter how much I looked, I just couldn’t find my car key.” + POSURE. 4G SB LRRMA... This statement expresses the idea that things will be positively or negatively affected if...” happens. 11 denotes indefinite indication, and T/A 3# JL stands for “all things.” 44 means “cannot stand” or “will be affected by.” For example, TAS LBET EIR, Eb TREE T i — PE “Everything goes wrong if you get addicted. Addiction is just as hard to cure as a disease” {tA St LAMA USE, HUET, — FEA INES. “Anything goes easier if you get serious; once you get serious, you will find the answer no matter what.”12: WORRYING; PERSUADING; ENCOURAGING 257 + FET AME FAL or HA{"] usually refers to both speaker and listener, and means “we” or “us,” but sometimes this colloquial word could also mean “you.” For example, JR 5, HA IX ) LA BREN? “Waiter, do you serve crab here?” © KE PRCA PA, ELIS NE! HARE (MH [yan] tobacco; cigarette; #4 [gui] ghost) With a negative connotation, this is a colloquial form for “opium addict” or “heavy smoker.” For example, WHER UR —#F, HAE SHAY, — SHH PR LMA. “He is also a heavy smoker, just like you; he smokes two packs of cigarettes a day.” ——— [CONVERSATION B: Simplified REDHAT, PMA EAR SEL. 2h: AR ARBREL, BOR RIN, Wt ANNE, EAN wit? Ba: OMG, CREAR. PRA TL RRL FRR BE, LBA AS AD FAPBOR ILA CAA PE, ee RAG, WERIGIET MAE. Sr: BRU tHARV ET IE? FI? RRA RANG? UBER, MITT, FERRBE, Pb AFH.238 Boe BB: 2EPK: ER: ERK: i, BAAD AL ASBE, i Be Ba” WE? AERC, BASEL . A FEI BEB, KAS, PRANISL SY ANIL OI AES 3)0 71, BRST, BES FUR EMBER? RAW, WRIST WHA ART MAT RET WL, RRA AEM, BMA SAMARAS. MBB, OAR BNER, (ALLL BHBHAR. WEEE SAS ZF, THE Zs ERR? 18, REAR, SRB. ee FRAN PK, BEBE SALT, BU JLBABET FRI HL, BIER EAU, IT ER, Us AREAS PROF OB A LISAY PR ARAB BOX PE, SEPA RES! EIA, — 6 LIMBIC BRS BURA? tA AT ALAS JL, BE quit, BIER T . FPL, BREE OIE BEB AAP, SARE LAE? BRAVE, BE HARE. Sep Ie, SRA, UA AN A ARIST UREA ATA 2 HERE fT FORE AAR), OE AME!12: WORRYING; PERSUADING; ENCOURAGING 259 The semester is ending, and Li Lin and Yun Yun are talking about the final. Lin Li: Yun Yun: Lin Li: ‘Yun Yun: Lin Li: Yun Yun: Lin Li: Look at you, all sad and depressed, and you're not eating, either. Are you sick? What are you talking about; it’s the final doing it to me. It’s almost the final exam, and I’ve barely started to study. Tell me, shouldn’t I be going crazy? Because of it these past few days I haven't been able to eat or sleep, and I pulled an all nighter last night. I think you're being too serious. Aren’t you going too far? It’s only a final exam, right? Look at me, I play cards just like I always do, dance just like I always do, and do whatever I want. Man, that’s why they say you can’t compare people. You're laid-back by nature. I can’t compare to you at all. But now that you mention it, it’s almost the final. No matter how much you say you don’t study, you have to study a little. If you fail, what do you think you're going to say to your parents and teacher? That’s what they say, but even if I really fail it’s no big deal. If I fail I fail; 1 don’t care, and I’m not living for their sake. As I see it, you shouldn’t be preaching to me, but I should be preaching to you. Your grades are so good normally, what do you have to worry about? Man, it’s okay if you don’t review, but once you start it’s scary. A lot of information I haven’t memorized. If they really test that, there won’t be anything I can do. My dear miss, I was wondering what you were worrying about. So all this time you were trying to memorize the whole book! If you start killing yourself every time you don’t memorize one little thing, what is there to live for! What am I going to say to you, my little bookworm? There’ nothing I can do!260 APS ‘Yun Yun: Lin Li: Traditional # I know I’m sometimes a little pigheaded, but knowing is knowing, and there’s nothing I can do about it. Besides, I told my teacher I’d do well, so now how can I not? I’ve always kept my promises. If I made a promise, then I have to honor it. You can do well or you can fail, but don’t skip food and sleep! If you ruin your health, what can you do? You don’t even get something this simple, and you're a good student! REIMA T , SAA Zs ERA EE. EM: we Wa EP: HEARED RRS, WONT RAN, ORR ANNZ, HEA RE aT? AR 2M], AN ALAS AN. HRB MEAS T, FUE FL FRB, RBA EA? FF RIEBRE WHIZ FP, HEE, IF RISB T (BEE. Rta TW? BR? ARERR SBR? (KAA, RTT, SERB, ET +E. ie, BONS ERR “ALA, RRR” Wa? USER RAIR, RARE T . BYE Fi ARIEL, AAR, URAL A SD BE EE, BERS, BK SER PERM EMBER?12: WORRYING; PERSUADING; ENCOURAGING 261 PR: aR ARS Ra, AT ELS TMT I EAA ). ET RRM TA, BA AEE NE, RAE PES HS. BR, ORAS, (BEF VEN. OF FS ES AB BEE, Th EE A He BE: WR, MPBRER, BEB. oe BATA PR, SEL BY GLE 7, BBE FURS T PPR: BREA) HH, BOE ES ERT PEE, FT EK, PRET AB AS FRET IB EH SLIS PS Be aA SEE 36 AFA FP HE si Aa kD, — 2 SE BUENA YRAr Y BR s RRA B2 SS. RAIA CAM ATU Se, BY RU Sit, PIER T. FRR, REE ATRR MEAG, SARIN SAT? BR ARAN ILM, EBERLE. 2h, BEE, SALI, (ABARAT HET, ORR Re Sag MLL AN WS, ANE! WEE * TRORABREIL, BORTIT RAD HRARABPEIL Also as F U8 ASHE JL “Look at yourself” This pattern is usually used to blame or to tease. For example, A (RA) REIL, B-MAIMULEK).. “Look at you, you're just like a hungry wolf.” In fact, this pattern is a short form of HE VKAB...FEJL, and ... should be a description of the look. For example, 4 (KAS262 Boe REIL, ARP RA AAT IBM. “Look at you, you look foolish. Come over and say hello to everybody.” + OB JL, SANE EAR A. +E... FAY “Troubled by ...” or “suffer from ....” In this pattern, Uf is a preposition to introduce the doer ... of the action. i] means “trouble” here. For example, FRIX JLIRMZAS FMEA AS, ABELL BR) JL FBI i AY. “1 didn’t cat or sleep well these past few days, because I was troubled by my young son's illness.” + RBA T ER “Soon;’“in a moment.’ The context is:““Nowhere near done.” For example, [RG ARE TF. “Te will be dark soon.” HUI HR RSE IF EAT , PRE SE AB L? “The movie will start any moment, where are you going?” + WRG REA T, BILE, NFER Literally:“There’s not even the first stroke of the character /\.”The contextual meaning is: “nowhere near done.” For example, RIN XB BARES TMB? HL, JE YE—HHUOVE. “Your dissertation is almost complete, isn’t it?” “No, Thave a long way to go.” + Pie AA AA, “worrying? “troubling” For example, lt 45 Zs 1X HAE ARIK Mile FLAVA! “It’s so late, why hasn’t she come already? It’s so troubling!” + HRW TIE A ({tui}) A colloquial word meaning “too” or “very.” For example, ARE HIE MLARME TBA AS HOR. “Today's homework is too hard. Not a single person could do it.”12: WORRYING; PERSUADING; ENCOURAGING 263 BT? ARAMA AY? 2B-F1G An expression for “to make a mountain out of a molehill.” It is in the form of a rhetorical question with the connotation “it does not need to go so far as that.” 42-F means “go so far as to.” For example, “42> NZ TAR URIBE, FRG ZBUIE TE FM? AN LAE — PR UK EEG“ had a cup of ice cream today, so I have to lose weight.” “Aren't you going too far? It’s just a cup of ice cream!” BT? RRERRS RB? ARBRE... This is a rhetorical question that emphasizes .... It has the same meaning as HAE ...,“It's merely ....”. it means “merely,” “just,” or “only.” For example, AGLAW ME AU? FAB AGUD PEAY? “Isn't it just a birthday celebration? What's the fuss about?” REIRET, FEAR, AFA. sefieee, see fileee To. and ... as usual” This is a parallel structure, in each *** +++ vthe second “...” is a verb and the first ” is its object; and F& means “in the same old way” or “as usual.” For sr example, EIA LEIS, FY A (A, TS PR, — RULtRASZEF. “Although he has heart problems, he smokes as usual, and drinks as usual.” WURAT, SERA BE, BTA FITe BAMA MP “Just ... whatever should be ..2"In this pattern, ... is a verb, and 1% means “should.” For example, SRF DAR, VATA BUT. “The guests aren’t coming today; you guys do whatever needs to be done.” NEHA EA AB MAN TABT A TA. “No matter what he might think, we just say whatever should be said.”264 BPH + BREGW ARAB, RERBI” Ve? BEAVEG BE...We? This pattern introduces a rhetorical question. Literally it means: “Otherwise how come it is said ....” The contextual meaning is: “That's why they say ....” For example, upon hearing about a large company going bankrupt, people may say: & WEAR FA AB RWG. “That's why they say every play must end sometime.” + BREAR ALA BE, RURBT e? ABATE, RERAP (GE [hud] goods; YJ [réng] throw away) Literally it means: “When comparing two persons, the inferior one should die; when comparing two products, the inferior one should be thrown away.” The figurative meaning of the expression is that you should not simply compare two persons. The expression is often used as advice to encourage people to build up self- confidence. For example, ALE AiK3E, 8 BI). BEM BEA CIES A AARIOLR EE, UIA TS? “You shouldn't compare yourself with others. If you keep comparing your shortcomings with other's strengths, how can you go on living?” + BERSMT BU EARRE MEIN? BEE... BURIBG ... “In case ..., how could you ...?” This is a colloquial pattern in the form of a rhetorical question, and is used to impose an opinion. For example, (8#L AEA FI AE RB, SELECT EAR, BUS ISR. “You persist in not buying auto insurance; if you have an accident how could you afford the damages? + MT RMT WM, RA AEP YE oS BR... JW This is a colloquial pattern for “It’s not a big deal to do ....” In this pattern, ... is usually a verb or verbal phrase. For example, INRA T WL, ATA REIKAY. “Irs not a big12: WORRYING; PERSUADING; ENCOURAGING 265 deal to succeed and there is nothing to brag about.” 4 J wat T WL, LATTA HEARD EK. “So you fail; there’s no reason to get discouraged.” MY BRBE, UA ER, 1B) RAM. AYFRPE “1 would say.” This is a colloquial expression that is often used to initiate a comment or opinion. For example, WU FR it, HK AUTH BL. “1 would say that your words are right.” NY FR Bi, HY {11 i821 EF. “In my opinion, we should do this job together.” FAIRER, —S SFB AB... AREER, —...1F—Bb This is a colloquial pattern for “It seems alright when he (or she) did not ..., but the (or she) was frightened as soon as he (or she) started to ....””... is the verb or verbal phrase in the pattern. For example, KER BR, AP th K—AAYF. “Te was alright when I was not looking, but I broke out in a cold sweat as soon as I looked at it.” BG BART, eT BERK FHL [zhé] the track of a wheel) “One can find no way out.” “Be at the end of one’s rope.” This is a colloquial expression, and 48 stands for “way” or “idea?” When emphasized, BEAK is often expressed as — LARA or HE RULER “Just cannot find any way out.” For example, 4h MIRAE, RAEI T “With the car being broken to this extent, I’ve got no ideas.” WY BRR ASA BURA EF? WY BREA PEPRA HE? “What can I say about you?” This is a rhetorical question that contains a connotation of mild blame. For example, BERK ZI Zs UR ABIB BM, MY BREA BURA EF? “You're late on every date. What can I say about you?”266 Bo RAKE, BUTARBITA. BUG BEAT This is a synonym of Bits FLA. Literally, “Whatever is said, is counted.” The context meaning of this expression is:“To live up to one’s words.”“To mean what one says.” For example, th [BETA REIT A, MARCHE. “He is always as good as his word, and never goes back on it.” AS, SA, UA EF tHE, .. HEF The reduplicated 14.4 structure means “whether ” For example, (REE MK LUT, ANE RAE, MBIA ft. “Whether you like it or not, you should express your gratitude for it” (AB K AAAB UF, AA RL, ABA EIR PATLVART BIA JL. “Whether you take the train or airplane, you must be there before this Friday’ SEIS 2, fa] 2 EEE ABA BY , PP AE! 3B....1B This is a colloquial pattern used to express a tone of F complaint. It often contains a sarcastic tone or the connotation of blame. The basic meaning of this pattern is that some thing should have been done but was not, or that expectations are not borne out by reality. This pattern is often used together with a negative comment or a rhetorical question to emphasize the meaning. For example, EBA 2 FABNY AE T , KEE AACWE! “You got my name wrong, and you're my old friend!” 3 PLZ BRIT FE ME! te, a) io BR AY HEL TH SGM? “And he said he would call me! Did he even ask for my phone number?”12: WORRYING; PERSUADING; ENCOURAGING 267 [_vocaBuLary 8 chouyan 7K jie RE faze TUE zéren Frm kaijie ginjin & aby juéxin via gudchéng BE jianking R AR Wii shuipinzui gimd méijingdicai dakio tianshéng létianpai lintéu BOK jidodai bazaihu wy quan Be shiichéng FOUR IL sixinyinr PRUE biozhéng TR xianglai sd ku smoke (a cigarette or a pipe) give up; stop be responsible for duty; responsibility break an abstinence (from smoking, drinking, etc.) lose no time; hasten determination course; process health be garrulous end of term or semester listless; in low spirits final exam inborn; innate a happy-go-lucky person befall; happen justify oneself; explain not mind; not care advise; persuade pedant; bookworm a person with a one-track mind pledge; guarantee; ensure always; all along collapse; break down268 Ba faj A jiindan simple ja daoli principle, truth —— [LEXERCISES A. Fill in the spaces with the appropriate words or phrases: tras J x REREK = BRINE nA 1 WAR, HLA ELS? 2 RANA AM, Bide EK. 3 fit. REEMA IL, BAT ERA BI. 4 BAA NAF SAUTE, RAS : 5 fh ABS L, REE. 6 BUA, AAT te FA. B. Choose the expression from the following list that best corresponds to the underlined words or phrases: wSt PA ET wy ERBE KET Sealy 1 MERA SRE th HRS BUN. 2 SRR. ia. 3 ARE BO AEF AMS, Be ZT AEA. 4 ABARAT LR BRUT, JAS) Lae EZ ET12: WORRYING; PERSUADING; ENCOURAGING 269 5 RBA, TRAE AB, EEA HEA a. 6 MANS tA EER BR EME, T 2 9 Fill in the spaces with the appropriate words or phrases: OE EME Yea ik BAA) Hae 3B LIA YE BR AMA arg WY BR Zs BEA )\F5ER—H | ABE 1 WEAAMAUT MATE, Ma, Ty. 2 ALAR SREB, MPR? 3 MULT AVEA BR SE, 4M, RA, A ATIF. 5 fh 7S A PRR TL, ABE 6 PRAT AR REE MS? HEC, He! 7 WARRING? (EPL IK Ze MERZ MS? 8 WE TILA, BERL, 9 MEXPSMRS, EBA IT NB? 10 RN RBS MVEA, AGRE? 2 ct STA. BOB AGRE OR DEF? D. Choose the expression from the following list that best corresponds to the underlined words or phrases: NER Be AA aX ARARABPEJL WRG IR RETR AR wttametra270 BEI N wo aon a 7 8 9 10 ARLE A APEERBA TURRET. CPL CT, HEB, AMAA. Fe TRIER RIG IE, PRIX) tA BRAMATVRARA MAS MMS. ERIE, BOER ANA. AMT UDA, WRIA EDL, BME IP? BOE T BAIN, Fick (HBA FA? Shi FRG SO? Pee Oe, AS SAA T RNERREEA DR ESE, (AH AIE. RUT REA, WRB. PANswer KEY Exercise A (Dialogue 1) 1 2 3 4 5 6 nie 1 J 2 MX (M...) 3 BINE (G.. BRINE) 4 BERBER (AEA...) 5 HASUL UFASUL BUTE...) 6 Exercise B (Dialogue 1) Bees wT KAT WSCAR BREE (KH, 8) MET (ET)12: WORRYING; PERSUADING; ENCOURAGING 271 Exercise C (Dialogue 2) Exercise D (Dialogue 2) 1 Beli 1 ERA 2 BFS 2 AA 3 KREME GB...) 3 at 4 pu‘ (A, .. th 4 MURR ) . . BD we 8 RAPA.) 5 UA GE IE GENE 6 EER ee cag 7 Rise OBA. 7 BTR CTBT 8 POLITE CR 8 HEAREBREL RR...) y, b 7 9 PUTAS Z N RAE oe ee A 10 KBE OR. RE, Lo WYER AS 2 BE be 8 11 ALLAAH (ALA YH, HUI) [_cuLTuRE NOTES There are many Chinese expressions that contain the word Ji. When Ja, is used as a noun, it means “ghost”; “spirit” or “apparition.” Read the following examples: BAK well-o’-the-wisp; jack-o’-lantern FESR ABLIE wail like ghosts and how! like wolves; set up wild shrieks and howls Bali funny face; wry face; grimace; mask used as a toy272, Boe HAITHK the gate of hell; danger spot; a trying moment FERED ZF be possessed; be obsessed 78 _AAB Hin miserable physical condition YEJLYA it’s sheer fantasy; you're imagining it TB fantastic; preposterous; absurd; go to hell Vel be haunted; play tricks behind sb’s back; use underhanded means BER devil EH scapegoat; fall guy Wet. ¥k —- bloodsucker; vampire AN 3e, imp; goblin; little devil; (a term of endearment in addressing a child) ‘With the same meaning, id is often used in certain terms that refer to human beings. For example: EZ) Y& craven; piker; scaramouch BR ghoul WA drunkard; sot; toper; wine bibber AE opium addict; heavy smoker eR satyr HF devil (an epithet for foreign invaders) ¥YE9LF foreign devil (a term used in preliberation China for foreign invaders) J is also used as an adjective, and it means “sinister (plot),” “dir iy ty (trick),” “terrible,” or “damnable.” Read the following examples: JAAERK sinister plot; dirty trick JERE wicked idea; trick HRRE ghosts and monsters; monsters of all kinds; forces of evil12: WORRYING; PERSUADING; ENCOURAGING 273 Fao ghost; spirit; apparition RIE lie FAIRIES fill of lies and deceptions FAYE lead an aimless or irregular existence; fool around Fala sinister design; ulterior motive FR GAND thievish; stealthy; furtive FRER — evil plan; wicked idea ta play tricks; be up to some mischief A there’s something fishy ee play tricks; play an underhanded game; up to mischief Although in most expressions, 4 refers to something negative, it also has a positive meaning, “clever” or “smart,” when used informally.Brame .13. TRE B AMT I ie T ? EA VOR SEE? BLAMING CRITICIZING EXPLAINING [CONVERSATION A: Simplified SUR BAT PUR ATA, TFYGRBIT Ti: EU: Fit: ZED: FORE, RMT. WEE, BARR T 2 ULAR PS 8, RAB WARE, ASE, WT JL JL. OSE, BURA EIK LAL, tH TY. {tA SEL? YAR BRD A! AT ARES LY, Uely BARA LR, 27413: BLAMING; CRITICIZING; EXPLAINING 275 is WEMAAFR citwhen your wine is fragrant you need not be affaid that your store is hidden.”) Quality will sell itself. (see page 286.) Lin Li and her boyfriend, Ming Fang, have a date after work, but Ming Fang is more than half an hour late. Fang: I'm really sorry I came late again. Li: Look, do you know what time it is? Making me wait in the cold like that, what the hell! Fang: I'm sorry, I’m sorry, something urgent came up and I couldn't get away. See, I got here as fast as I could, and now I’m all sweaty. Li: Oh really, something urgent? You have an excuse for everything! This isn’t the first time; you don’t care about me at all.276 Baw Ti A: EM: Fi: EM: Fi: BL, PRET HIZB! Ro LA MS, BAH DE, BRE IU. Use BaU A EAA BEPAUN, Aim AL bee J LM? VA LRAT! “ERA ORR, AA SE LEC AP) SE Lick Be BE? BER IL, 498 LMA SSE LAE SE! RAN A, ut LE 6 BIL Ty T BER RAUL SRA, BLE TT AMBP 56 T. BARBRA CREWE, WALA Z:, Hate PF BERT EA PS T Aa, JL BENNY B-BOY LFFA. BAA HE, RoE te AEE, WUREAAA EA? REUSE A IVE, BEA ERED. WFR, RTA BRK. ARLE, THM BEIBIK, ELL EBB, MELE BEF PAE T Wer BR—F wT TS, I LABLE UREA A? ROA BEAM PMS, RMS. BRIDGE AIBN, BOE Bua UK. alel4y Te? ESFang: Li: Fang: Li: Fang: 13: BLAMING; CRITICIZING; EXPLAINING 277 Oh, don’t say that! I think about nothing but you. Ever since I left you the day before yesterday, I’ve been thinking about seeing you again. Look how I’m huffing and puffing from running. It’s because I didn’t want to keep you waiting! Well that sounds just beautiful! If you really loved me, what was it that was more important than us being together? You're right, of course there’s nothing more important than us! You didn’t know, but my heart was over here the whole day. Just so I can get off work on time, I was really quick about my work today, and finished everything early. But who knew the boss would show up at the company—not earlier, not later, but 5 minutes before work let out, to call a meeting! I couldn’t go, and I couldn’t stay; what was I supposed to do? ‘Well you always have something to say, but you can never make it on time. Now please don’t jump to conclusions; I didn’t come late on purpose. But, speaking of that, it is my fault; I was the one who lost my cell phone, right? Otherwise it would’ve been just a phone call. How could you have waited for so long? I’ve put in a call for a new cell phone, I’ll get it tomorrow. I guarantee that I’ll never be late again, this is the last time. There, you forgive me?278 Ba Traditional EER BATT A PRA A, FEST Ti: = FONAN EE, RMT. AEM: URE, SIT REIRAR T ? LA ACE ¥, HRBBR! FiO: ARES, SAAR, HIP AB 5S SEAN OE, BORE hia SU, WT aT. EU: CHESS? SANDRA! ET Ae FLT, Pty BARA LIZ ER. FA: WL, ARTY HSER! BOD ROMALE Us. BB — DE, RDS LK. USHERS ESR BE FSIS, LALA > SF SURG Sk: BRAHMS EE ER, AE BFE LH fi US kde BB? Tih: RGAE, MAREN (OSE SS BEBE! ORANG, Bits PLAS ie RT. Ay T ERR BE, BO SLR US RA, FB SE EE Lae TS 7. ALBIS SE SLBA, Bib, HALE PEM B AME T AA, HE BUOYS) — PAAR. BUELL, Ak te ARE, Ue EAA EA? EM: UIE URE ARR, BILAN ETE, FA: OOP, BOA A ERI. 9, AA ARIEIR, WSL EAR, ARIF13: BLAMING; CRITICIZING; EXPLAINING 279 BEA E T We? ARTA SRR AT TB SL BEE OEE BA? ROR Bais MPT 9 KORE S). Hepes WE — ce AE, 1 UK. JAIMAT T mee WRER + WEA, TART? SMTA BSA T “what time do you think it is?” This is a thetori- cal question with a tone of blame, with the connotation of the subject being late. For example, #84} 2 4 T , KEZEST LVR! “What time do you think it is? You are still playing games!” © ULAR EP, ESL! F...3F “To ... for nothing.” “To ... in vain.” For example, 4 FREER P BOR, HUNTHEB FAS TRI L, FIPS, BE ThE. “This morning Zhongping did not come. None of the other people know how to do the job, so they worried without be- ing able to do anything.” + TEARTEY ae, BEL! OAR BBL “t's unreasonable.” “It’s annoying.” For example, RIR-KB BUS T TR AT, BOR SEL! “Today I got a ticket for speeding carly in the morning. It’s so an- noying!” + IRINA UL LEAR JEAFF When used after a verb, one meaning of JF is to indicate separation. 427 FF means “Couldn’t leave at the moment.” For example, FRG PF QBLINIT PR, BRIE EBE, EANTF. ERM280 BSR FR 36 36 2 RM. “When you arrive at the airport tomorrow, T'll be working, and will not be able to get away. I'll sk my brother to pick you up.” + HARA L? HARA! BHARBHR... (Of an act or situation, usually unwished) “occurring easily or frequently.” For example, {hA ARE, NPB MAT Yi. “His health isn’t good, and he frequently catches colds.” + Yel BaHIB EARP ACH ERA FAL “To be out of breath.” For example, (KAUR, Ze A — ALB _L ARBRE EAN. (REE Boe By. « short distance. You really need to exercise more.” © DURUM eT! BABY LEDB BSERE WF This is a fixed idiom with the literal meaning: “What (you) said sounds better than singing,” The contextual meaning js: “It sounds too good to be true.” For example, 3) (bBi HY ELIS HET, HITE A CRAM B CLITA. “In spite of his beautiful words, even he didn’t believe them.” © PARSE, BEAT Hit KB ILAR T ARARSE “To tell you the truth,” or “You know.” For example, ARAB BIE, UT BUR HE T ZE AK, PRADEEP IE T . “To tell you the truth, I was scared to death when I heard that you had an ac- Look at you, you are out of breath after walking such a cident.” © BAILFIRIUN ARAL, RAI “Quick and neat”; “dexterous.” For example, th =F AURAL BLT AER PSE EUW EF, — 2S) LAP 56 J. “Her hands are very fast. Every day after work she both cooks and cleans, and finishes in an instant.”13: BLAMING; CRITICIZING; EXPLAINING 281 BE LAURE A LES 5E T. AB AAAY “Well in advance”; “as early as possible.” For example, #f BA, HT LAE TEE. “AL though it’s not yet New Year, he got everything ready in advance to celebrate.” BAR BIBUN ZR ABRA, BUDA, OTE TEE DHET AA, BUBAR..., WAHAB... Didi... In this pattern, ... is usually a verb or verbal phrase. Literally, “(One) does not do ... early nor late, but does it just at the time of ... .” This pattern is usually used to show that something happened that was not expected. For example, 3X fi CHASE, WRU ASB, Aa i CEFR TPIS ZS AIA BT 3K. “It didn’t rain earlier and didn’t rain later, but at the exact time of our sports tournament it started raining.” SOEUR AA FT EVE Literally, “have something to say.” The contextual mean- ing is often “have an excuse” or “have pretext.” For example, 7S PEAR, IEMA RIVE. “No matter what happens, he can always find some excuse for his behavior.” UF TTR, FAH... “Make sure not to ....” Usually used in the imperative to sincerely urge somebody not to do something. For example, {th GG WANT We th FT GAN ee HIT. “Her mother urged her never to go anywhere unsafe.” BRA] AN ERK HH. WRK “On purpose” or “intentionally.” For example, ft KB F& CREA UL, WL ANFERR. “He pretended not see me, and ignored me intentionally.”282 BpSe + OBL ARR ... (AR [yuan] resentment; blame) “Blame ...” For example, 3X BLE ARAM, A REARHAMI BC. “There is nobody but urselves to blame for this matter.” HAS EWR I, (RAAB ft. “He did not do it on purpose; don’t blame him.” purp. eB ° SL [CONVERSATION B: Simplified PANTER LAG AS. BR. OAT LOM T EAI BASE LAB AS SLM EZ: RT LL TT iN, Row EA HART” , EC) LAISE EE BJ LASER JLABIE, @ LSB, SESERRPUL-K, (TT HE EBA Ty. HS A. MU ALI, ARAN At LT. SORRELL, IRS, RF. RSS a: FENY FRM? FPA SH? BAC: A SEM! BUN DRIX ) LIRRBA TAS BUH TEX IUBERT, BAKED AG) LAA? IRS BR: STEM A, STCRSIIE. IRR, IK, BSE AE, MOBIL. BUA PRL SRL WEWZAT AME. PIXMA. SRE ILIA?REL: ARS A: AS A: IRS Ha: PR Za: IRS A: alas FA: IR HR: 13: BLAMING; CRITICIZING; EXPLAINING 283 Bt AMF HOS ALG I, FES TRAY Ta? RAB, He WS ooh. LET =P HAH) 2 SAFIN, MARAE ST ESS ELT. Hl AAR BRA ME, RAS Ate, KPA EOL BU? RA HERE. IRS : RT ML? RASHEED, OFM OE, ID WAIL. TEMA M! FEE BMY HT. BEI BLT, UM AA BOE T BUA. SRAREKS TT, BRB R S. ABS BAA MER BIL? WHA LEA RAMA R BNE ET? FENG? MER, BAI SLE A, ETS PEM INS. AAC UM IAAF, FUE ERR. UTS A ALE, HABER AAI? URBANA S — boys, SELLE T. HT AER, Fb es RARER ST. Bix HAM.284 BSH ARE: aie A Two customers SANTEE! OMAR, (ARGS J LO LE SRA. PTS PERL, UAT TAS BL LTA. EAU, SR ITTY FISICA SERGBR. EU IMI IE AR WS RUE. BET ERL EAR ESE, ORK WH RAAWORT. EME ARE ZL: KERR. are seated in a restaurant, waiting for service. Customer A: We've been sitting for over twenty minutes; why haven’t we seen so much as a waiter’s shadow? Customer B: This restaurant is famous for how slow it is. That’s why the saying goes “When your wine is fragrant you need not be afraid that your store is hidden.” The food here is more authentic than anywhere else, so even if they’re slow, they still do a roaring business. See, there’s a line forming at the door. Customer A: This is unacceptable. With this amount of time we ‘Waiter: could have cooked the food ourselves, and we'd be eating already. I'll tell them to hurry up. Hey, waiter, come over for a second. You're calling me? What is it? Customer A: What is it! What else would we come here for? Waiter: We've been sitting here forever; how come we haven’t seen even a shadow? I'm very sorry. We're extremely busy today. Here, let me pour you some tea. Please calm down. Just now I thought you two were still discussing what to eat. I'll take your order right away. What would you like today?Customer B: Waiter: Customer A: ‘Waiter: Customer A: ‘Waiter: Customer B: Waiter: Customer A: ‘Waiter: 13: BLAMING; CRITICIZING; EXPLAINING 285 We'll take your specialties—the crispy chicken and the roast duck. How long do we have to wait? These two dishes, they’re fast! Twenty minutes at most! (Thirty-five minutes later) What’s going on, it’s been over half an hour since we ordered. I was a little suspicious even when he said twenty minutes, with this many people eating, how can they take only twenty minutes? I’ll talk to them again. Waiter! Tired of waiting? I'll go tell them to hurry up, please have some more tea and chat a bit. Drink more tea! Any more and we'll be full. We've been waiting for an hour; you people have gone way too far! I’m truly sorry. There’s an extraordinary number of people here today, more than any other day. It should be first come, first serve, no matter how many people there are, am I right? Why were people later than us served a long time ago? Oh, really? It’s my fault. I’m so busy that my head’s turned around, and didn’t pay attention to hurrying your dishes along. Go get your manager, I want him to hear our case. I don’t care how good your food is, you can’t treat people like this! You told us twenty minutes tops, and now it’s been an hour. After all that, now you're going to tell them to hurry up!? I apologize. I'll go get the manager right now.286 BS Manager: Hello! I’m very sorry; by coming to eat you gave us your trust. But we did not do our jobs well, and not only wasted your time, but also caused you displeasure. How about this: we'll charge you for only one of the dishes you ordered. The more expensive one is on the house, for you to sample. If within ten minutes the food is not here, everything will be free today. What do you guys think? Customer A, B: That’s more like it. Traditional DWM ELAS ZE — Fx BR DE FE Wa: WL: Has ARB: wae A: ARAB: HEAP AB ORSE T RETR TS EI BASE SE ABAR GEM? JERR LSE T AWN, Tew “EA SHASTA” TS AWE LO FRADE, Bl ESE, BRE, (PT AE LRT. je 4 ES SU, APIS TREY eta EY. BOREAL. BC, IRAE, RF. FE NY SRNL, (hE? SET ESM! BO es SLR ES? BA TEIE UMLER J, 75 EAS SABI A? PEERS, SURI. ROR, Bese esl A 3S, OPK. HUA BRU Ay WAP RWE. BERRA EE. SACRA SUT BR?MRA EA: WE: HBS EA: WAS Z: MBAR EA: BR, HAS ER: ROH: 13: BLAMING; CRITICIZING; EXPLAINING 287 2 MARE REA HIE, EES ele TH]? : JAAD, be! TH +3. OUT = + EHD 2 ASPET, MBA TES ET ES SST. AAS 5 SRT BAB GS, TEES AUG, £, 1-3) HOG eT? FREE, RES AL Hae TW? RAMEE SE, CFLS 8, HOD WK. 2 EM! FA LMT. BRP SET , OM th AMBRE T TUNA SKA MERE TRUBS RE, AKER AFERBI IE? Ay Ht EER AP WP HS AB wg be Te FEMS? AREER, BALI MO 9, STS PELE MISE. ZAC AMA HLIY R, BER EE. APSE ASFA, th RARE? RBM TAS — bars, BLE AS GSS TT OER, 2b Baa HE! TERRA. Ria wi MA. FEAL, UPTEE! SON AS IEC, (PARE FIZ OR PPB. TOBE BE, PIR SRS BLASER, HELA, EE, AK PRA SEEN LSE — ASE. AL288 BS FARES OLN BA. BTC ES ESE, SRSA ERT. SR? WAR. Z:idBeTS. WEE © HATERS T Sh Lae T 8... (GE [shi] stupid; muddleheaded) (82... means “foolishly ...” or “imple-mindedly ....” In this pattern, ... is usually a verb ot verbal phrase. For example, (2241 A? “Why are you laughing stupidly?” + RJ LANSE HOB) LASER LABIE PRJLIE “The flavor is right.” IE means “pure” or “right” when it is used to describe flavor or color. For example, ROVER ARIE, Fi)" J. “The taste of this wine is not pure. Don’t drink it any more.” + BREA. 48 ([cut]) A colloquial word meaning, “urge,” “hurry,” or “press.” cI iS ry, P For example, Si #Efb, LEAAEAR. “Don’t hurry him. Let him think it over.” + BATA SWE! BNI LIBRE? JBAB...APS.... “What else could I ...2” The first “...” is a verb. The second “...” is its object, and is optional for the pattern. This is a rhetorical question and usually contains the connotatio: AA a asking while knowing the answer.” For example, “URPRBG L2 TBAB F A? REN BRIE I!” “What did you come here for?” “What else could I come here for? You should pay back the money you owe!”13: BLAMING; CRITICIZING; EXPLAINING 289 FRR, BE EMBIESE, OA IL. sie cee eee “Ss.” is often a verb or the adjective #f, Repeating the “...” three times reveals a mood, such as excitement, dislike, impatience, solici- tousness, or contentment. For example, $= J 32, YES FE Up! “Go, go, go, nobody wants to talk to you!” WFUFUF, AREA IDAMT! BAS §. “OK OK OK, do whatever you want! I don’t care.” RRR, BRA RMBAS, COPIA IL. YAK (HH [ada0} disappear; vanish; eliminate) YK, also appear as Ht, meaning “to calm one’s anger.” For example, 4 2IE 7 ANE, LLM YATE AKJL. “You'd better go and apologize to calm her anger.” PUA BRA Ay SA HE HZ FF AL A polite way of saying “You two,” usually used for custom- ers or guests. For example, {2 RNZ AILAFA? “What would you two like to eat today?” RE ATE FF A A RH AS HG SEF “Be good at” or “be at one’s best in doing something.” For example, TEAK R& ROS, Be HS A} eh, {fi ({lis}) “Two”; “a few.” No classifier should be added after (Bi. For example, AB JL Jt ES, (HELM, BENN. “There are five in total; two red ones and three yellow ones.” 4 —FEBIXZ (Bi Bil? “How come there are only a few people?” Baa TM? EA EME +RAT “Impatient because of ...” “irritated because of ....” ... is . “Singing is her forte.” usually a monosyllabic verb in this pattern. For example, WREDE fh, FEE BE T AY. “If you keep nagging him, you'll make him very annoyed.”290 Bae © RMT Aa! FR LMT. HB...AFA... A colloquial pattern to express discontent, censure, or disagreement. ... is usually a monosyllabic verb in this pattern. For example, {+ AE! EPP BL IRA T | “We can't wait any longer! We won’t see him even if we wait till midnight!” © RATE AAR T FRBGE “Unreasonable,” “unacceptable.” For example, SUR FF AARAGR SI), BA BAE! “You're late to every meeting; it’s unacceptable!” + ABS hea MER ABIL? FA... AH... “No matter how ..., still ....” In this pattern, the second « is offen a negative expression. For example, fH 7NE RIVE, WFR (LUN T . “He doesn’t give himself a rest; so no matter how much he works out he won’t improve.” + ABS HAA MER Be? FERIGB “In the order of arrival”; “first come, first served.” For ex- ample, HEARAHLE BA, BARE BUPA. “Everyone please line up. You'll be served in the order of arrival.” © AUER, FUSE PEAY, BEET AS ERR. SAK... (PE [quai] blame) “Ie’s all ...’s fault.” For example, 1X44 AUPALYEUBATAE. “Tes his fault for not explaining things clearly.” «MBP BR, BAIS SAE I HT, BET A EHR. SEF ({ming huo}) A colloquial form, “bustle about,” “be busy.” For example, BANE LH, WALA TE. “We were busy for a whole day, but still couldn’t finish.” + ABPESR, BOERS, BOAT aE HK. SASLBE I CE [yan] dizzy) “Dizzy,” “giddy,” “confused and disori- a13: BLAMING; CRITICIZING; EXPLAINING 291 ented.” For example, #5—~ J LULU, —ELWLAR, FERRARA SKE IAL EK). “You tell me to go west one moment, and east the next, and turned me completely around.” ABPER, BUI ES 1), BT BE INK. STH... (ET [ding] urge; press) “Keep doing ....” ... should be a verb in this pattern. For example, BEZE (6) 24 la) (th, (uate a4 UK. “Ifyou keep asking him, he will tell you.” YXSEH] 33 HEMI, 23, WLLRHAS J. “You must keep urging her to take her medicine, in case she forgets.” FAL MMAR RK, RE EL UEBE “Argue with somebody.” “Reason with somebody.” For example, {tl POS ANY, MATERA TUFEES. “They are wrong for cheating their customers. Let’s go reason with them.” PANTS ABAS FEE, LEAS EI ZA 2 WA, (iil [shuan] rinse; instant-boil) This is a colloquial expression for “cheat” or “make a fool of someone.” For example, KAI T J 2F BRR, MVE T , UIA ELAM? 1 came as soon as you published the ad, but you say it’s sold out already. Are you making a fool out of me intentionally?” FREE EMEAN SE T JEARZE (GF [péi] compensate; pay for) “Apologize for a fault.” For example, (i J, He 2a WHIMS ARE. “You're wrong. Go tell her you're sorry.” UAT RIS LE ER BA PBB “Have a good opinion of,” “not look down upon.” For example, PRE AA GRR, MARIA. “Tf you re- ally respect me, then give me this chance.”292 Brahe J vocaBuLary Wa st linshi at the time when something happens; temporary S&F] touyihui the first time DF fénshdu part company; say good-bye ae pin hope for; long for YHIL — méicudr I'm quite sure, you can rest assured; can't go wrong sant anshi on time; on schedule RE wihui misunderstand jBBI chidio be late; arrive late AEF xidngzi lane; alley FRE zhaoying after a pattern or model; in the same old way; all the same; as before HEB paidui form a line; line up oe hud (for business) prosperous; flourishing He cul urge; hurry; press; hasten SETE shizai really; honestly AA jingli handle; manage; manager; director WR langféi waste; squander; be extravagant fine pinching taste; sample13: BLAMING; CRITICIZING; EXPLAINING 293 [LEXERCISES A. Fill in the spaces with the appropriate words or phrases: FARLAY = GEARFF OE HAREL FMS AHHH BOS RA MMORPG UL, SLL PREZ. AT PRAIA NAL, fh ISBT EMR. RUM WET BT, AUT AB ME AE TERE, AWOLTEIEPE TT SS, AREER AT. AAT AA LR PFA AR, . LEU TEG (E EX MATT TEE. SATE HOD eI, PR FA BE A CE BOTA Hi. to the underlined words or phrases: 1 2 5 EARBER A URAR SIE ADE AMTANIRT «BARB Pie TLE, RAK EVR LAT . Choose the expression from the following list that best corresponds Ari PSE UGE BAS AEE, BALAN RRB NS. DARA T UALR EEE BIT DRIER LF, BOE Att ARE, DEE? MEAN RELL AA sie A HL, BEBE, RT LA.294 Bae 6 HIRE BIB, AAA AT A BR 7 ABEHEADK, BADR, [ERROR C. Fill in the spaces with the appropriate words or phrases: g WR BAF He ‘Bi eA iE Wat AULA TSAR a, 8 FS BS WILMA BiB. AeA TPA AEM? LEAT BPR. ERIM, RAE IT __, (RE KAMAN, PR BAT ARNE? BUS DAA WE, FERIL TUPER. {HERE IEZEK Sk b, WARES, Uses ie tth FER BE. 6 BRE HATE BAM. 7 LEAMA, ewe. iN} we & wo Choose the expression from the following list that best corresponds to the underlined words or phrases: SAGE AT ATAT ae FREER ABER RJLIE gF BEHAE 1 UBB, SAR? WIL REM? 2 PRE BATU BEI PIT AH at SEIT 3 ABET OW, PRE BT EAT Me? 4 PALS, MEA Bee ee NF.13: BLAMING; CRITICIZING; EXPLAINING 295 5 PSEA LUG, RAE, AAI. 6 RERERE, BOAT OREN, XP Be TOE? 7 WANES EMIT) LU RRBL, SEMESTER LA AEDT JL. 8 PE LOA RT, BFA! E, Fill in the spaces with the appropriate words or phrases: SREB ARIE UE BA Fe HE I] Asie WEAN SE 1 B5ET ABU A AS BEANE, BAIXAR! KRESRK TFT T APART. feit__ FEAR ORE NLA, FERRER REN A HK, 4 Bie) LRA, ~ZILBMAR, LAR eo oN wo EAT REALE RET A ET RG BA, . 6 ABNER KAR, MVR ERI BUF SE MEL? 7 POEM ILA, Tee AN.296 Bae LANSWeR KEY Exercise A (Dialogue 1) cod auner wne FRA HO ARLEN ERT FAR RAL fetal] AB...) FAME (FGA... BAP OT BLAS LOMB ERE WF) Exercise B (Dialogue 1) ND MW kON HE AR FE AHI BE MIAN MET LAARBER A Pia CF.) BARB DAR...) Anat BAS... Wt, AS... Mii...) Exercise C (Dialogue 2) eR wne Me ht ii BS (1...) 5 WK GHA) 6 iE CBRE...) 7 @aT C.aT) Exercise D (Dialogue 2) BR ILIE SF toi ER aE WATT ) FER (FH... tH...) WATAE CB..AF 4...) oy nub ONE Exercise E (Dialogue 2) YEE MRI Bie A WEA FERIA BI kA Naue ONE13: BLAMING; CRITICIZING; EXPLAINING 297 [[cutturE NOTES China has a long history of wine culture. Therefore, there are many words or expressions that contain #4, “alcoholic,” “drink,” “wine,” “liquor,” or “spirits.” Please see the following four groups of examples: Group (1) ene Bar; taproom wine-glass food and drink; food to go with wine or liquor brewery; winery; distillery wineshop; public house; hotel (used in names of hotels) public house drunkard; sot; toper; wine bibber cocktail party wineshop; restaurant (used in names of restaurants) capacity for liquor beer money; cumshaw; pourboire wine and bibber distiller’s grains WHA brandy nose ei feast298 Brahe Group (2) Aw PR Pe RA Te PR RA 8 Fe ew BAe Fa NT mee Wiad YOR A A Aw aha Group (3) Te Aa spirit usu. distilled from sorghum or maize; white spirit old wine; mellow wine dry red wine cider; ratafia YF drinking; tipsiness 74 dark beer; stout tiger-bone liquor cocktail wine; Shaoxing rice wine cooking wine alcoholic drink mixed with fruit juice Maotai (a famous Chinese spirit) rice wine beer; stout grape wine light sparkling wine rum wine drunk at wedding feast; wedding feast medicinal liquor champagne be made to drink as forfeit make wine; brew beerel Sue Group (4) WA WA RAG KY ALR RANE Bre A MAZDA 13: BLAMING; CRITICIZING; EXPLAINING 299 propose a toast; toast urge sb. to drink (at a banquet) go with wine; go well with wine dispel the effects of alcohol; sober up excessive drinking potation drink a toast; toast wine-and-meat friends; fair weather friends over a cup of tea or after a few glasses of wine - at one’s leisure red lantern and green wine; scene of debauchery not even a sip old wine in a new bottle—the same old stuff with a new label EW have ulterior motive WAS TJ¥Al refuse a toast only to drink a forfeit; submit BOB ANNE NG FG refi nly to drink a forfeit; subi to somebody’s pressure after first turning down his request; be constrained to do what one at first had declinedHb I FEARS 2 RL REBA AMES I ZE GETTING ANGRY ADVISING COMFORTING [CONVERSATION A: Simplified RUAEIRAE AAT PLA SE. BE: RAT ILA AEA, RMIRMF TR. BR: th MERA) Labi? RE: WAR WR -KRAFABT HAD. AK: PUMA AULA T. heer Aane dh MBE, BARS ILRI LIL. See ROR T LUCE, IB BIT LU, We Fev S, BPEL, CHR SK. 30014: GETTING ANGRY; ADVISING; COMFORTING 301 PIS AIBILA (it“to kill a chicken to scare the monkeys”) to make an ex- ample of. (see page 302.) An Wu and You Li are talking about work. Wu: Li: Wu: Li: Wu: Our boss is a horrible jerk. I had another fight with her, She was finding fault with you again? Of course! She kept saying I was the bad apple in the barrel. Now there’s something I don’t get. Why’s she doing it? She's a leader; she shouldn’t be making things up out of the blue. All did was take a few days off, get here late a couple of times, and she accused me of faking illness and sitting around, and gave me bloody hell about it.302 +e BRED UIA, 2 BE, TREES, HHT BRAS AEA LEA PSE! thik ATR ILA. LIAL eT BOE ee HO a) ARF, Uc ig 2s. BIG, 77 — te BE, TLS T RB, PRAGA Hh hee Wh Be BEL, Be Ae AMET RU LRH, KSC AE, BOUII UE A, BT AAT. USAR SE, fe ES WARE, BRAT BHC SHAR. PRR RL AERTS FRA. OR ARTAT ANE RPGR T , MEDD! RF MATA RS FS, ARH, BS A BA, BELLA. WS ERK, AE AS THSK Ew), BL CE RP A, BCEAO HR, Us HES T HEL? PUES AIL, AT ith KE, SERAAT - BRPAES, B—B, POA. BE FRATHER, UK Bowe aCe T hh.Wu: Wu: Li: 14: GETTING ANGRY; ADVISING; COMFORTING 303 Where there’s smoke there’s fire, so she caught you red-handed. I’ve always been the quiet but diligent type, but my health is bad. No matter how much of a dictator she is, she can't ban us from getting sick! She’s making an example out of you. She's abusing her power! If she pushes me too far, I'll just refuse to do anything more for her, and she can go kiss my butt. Don't, the odds are against you on this one. If she gets desperate and gives you the pink slip, what are you going to live on? Air? She wouldn’t dare! I’ve never done anything wrong, I’ve got nothing to be aftaid of, You have to look at the big picture. A real man can be flexible when the situation calls for it. I think you should go and apologize to her, and put all of this behind you. You don’t know, she’s not a reasonable person. Apologizing to her is a complete waste of time. Besides, I’m not the kind of person who can stand there and take that. You guys have been fighting for quite some time; it won't be easy to take care off Why don’t I give her tit for tat, and put my cards on the table. I'll tell her. If she keeps on slandering me, I'll oppose her with everything I have. She'll be outraged! She’s your immediate superior; the power is in her hands. If she really tried to make life hard for you, what good is there in it for you?304 BPO Wu: Li: Wu: Traditional I know I shouldn’t get hung up on the little stuff, but she makes a giant fuss over every little thing, and it makes me so mad! Forget it, a real man also doesn’t fight with women. Swallow your anger, and forget about it. They say revenge is a dish best served cold. I'll forgive her this time. SACLE A BAS 1 ee RE: Rana Be: Re: BUM AEA, RM ERM TAR, Ith BR RAE Fe nh? TAR! th RRA FE T Sa. RUE AM RBA TS. RRR? th MAM, SEA LE ARE IE. BANE T BAVA, ERI T ARIK, het A POA SR, BEL, HSU A. fA ARS, ELA SET T. PRA D i, SATE, PARE TSR, ‘FER BSED AS EAS A PI Mid ERR RRE. WALI AL tT BR aR HS Ah ARR, AHH ZSAER 14: GETTING ANGRY; ADVISING; COMFORTING 305 FU, i — Ria Be, TEAK T RAR, 10 PEALE A ke? WEB BEG EEE, BRAS A Re. USER RSET EL, KSC AHAB, BAIS LETRA ARK, EEA GS T PAS OARL, Heth AB AELA AR SBE, BRL SEA TE SAAMOR. PRR LAME ORE BMA. PRMBANST ARE — AIA TER Fac Wed] AA eas, Ah, BO BA, BOR ELAS. ARGS ae BK. Wh Fe RTA La, HEE MF 2S, SUSE IEMR, URAEAST HF Se Be ths FEM AN A A, th TYE, SEERA T. BEAALA, BK, POS. BFRATERB, KBR IE T th. + We RARE J Lid? FRAIL (AE [ch8] stubble) To “find fault,” or “pick a fight.” For example, SRA A ABE TE J LRRD AE, “Today my wife keeps trying to pick a fight with me.”306 +e © HAR th te eB — A Hf FEMME TA. WAR Also ARAL or FAR FEMY. These are all colloquial ways to express agreement: “Right!” “Exactly!” For example, “47 #8 AMT TM? AAR, RIRKAA BSN. AFLG FUER, » “Today is already Friday. Isn’t it?” “Right. I still feel like it’s Wednesday. Time flies.” + RR — A FET a. FEV (G8 [lang] rash, reckless, foolhardy) To “insist stubbornly.” For example, HJM 7 HL ACHE, FT ABAS BEALYLIA. “He was so sick that he had a fever, but he stubbornly insists that he was fine.” + RRR BAT RA — 51-4 FE T —FA “One bad apple spoils the barrel.” For example, “(tu 4: BERET hth—7 Se EZ Dy, Fe RAE JET —4 43H. “She was the black sheep of the class; and one bad apple spoils the barrel.” + WHA? SEAFG (GE. [ping] base on; take as the basis) “What is the basis of this?” It is often used with an unpleasant tone. For example, SEAL AIX Z Dh? “What are you basing your words on?” Eth APRA UT ALAN? “Why should I listen to him?” © HE, ANE LSE LI, AN... “Since ... is a ....” This is a shortened form for ...J£— ..., in which the verb #& is omitted. In the pattern, ... refers to i a person; “...” refers to his or her position, and the rest of the phrase describes the appropriate actions for that position. For example, $k PIE, EB TAB IX GENIZE? “1m a poor student, so how can | afford such an expensive car?” tL —-74S2 BE, LAS (YI AB AGE. “As a manager, he shouldn't be so irresponsible.”14: GETTING ANGRY; ADVISING; COMFORTING 307 hh— LS, BAL LIE. WEIR To ask for trouble.” For example, A878 #4 ET WEST LER SEL. “That drunkard goes asking for trouble whenever he gets drunk.” ‘leah Ce FRM S, BBE, HBR SS FO ULL. YI (FL [pio] dawdle; JAF [binghio] person on the sick list) “Call in sick to avoid work.” For example, {tH {iJ ZS J TINA, 5 REANIEAR YE? “Too many people at their company call in sick to skip work; how can they not lose money?” WS AEE Baie SPE, FESR LIS. REPEL. (BE [mo] dawdle, waste time) “Slack off.” For example, [Ef FEL ATAR GER AE. “Those who slack off will not get bonuses.” We AES CO FR es SEE, FE BGS 7G AL ELIS, FIM (YF [mi] verbally abuse, scold; Hf [lin] pour, drench) Also, "549-44 IML", “Pour out a flood of invective against ...,” “let loose a stream of abuse against ....” For example, BURT AN, (ttt 5S 7 FD LYS. “Although I made only a small mistake, he went on a tirade against me.” AS EL SAARI, IE ELLA BIE A —AS ELSA ARM (ELE [bazhing] palm, hand) “You can’t clap with one hand.” It means: “It takes two to quarrel.” For example, — A ELSA AR, AAS HT RE FEAR TE HORE UK. “Te takes two to quarrel. There’s no way that he would attack you for no reason at all. — AS ELF AN, EE LL A RIVE REF T IAF AF [pianzi] plait, braid, pigtail) Also as HHL. Literally: “To grab someone’s queue.” It means “To take advantage of somebody's weaknesses.” For example, (2415 AMF,308 +P PRDLA MBM. “He loves to attack the weaknesses of others, so everyone hates him.” + TREMORS IR «To be on the sick list.” For example, H&S ZS Fi] tS JERR IGS. “No company wants to hire someone who's always sick.” © UREA E ALA PT! FF ((badio}) “Overbearing,” “high-handed,” or “unreasonable.” For example, 5) (th Ze 2S ei] BERS IE, [F] BIR BY FE-PE SCH. “Although overbearing at the company, he is a very good husband at home.” + WWE ARAL. ATA RILA Also AXYHPHR. Literally, “kill the chicken to frighten the monkey.” It means: “To make an example of some- one.” For example, J J #FLAAIB Bl, 7 FAT ASR HIE, HIB SS AIR J. “In order to end tardiness, the company made an example of someone, and fired the employee who was late most often.” + AT RRR OR NIA, LEME 2. wid (#® [hud] crack, give up) “Go ahead regardless,” or “be ready to risk everything.” For example, KIE tM T , HEMT ERM EMRZI ERIE, “Since we are late already, let’s go ahead regardless of how late we are.” © AT BRI eA OR MIAN, Lb aed Zs. SABIAN GH(8) (uingdio] lie down) Literally, “to lie down and do nothing.” The context meaning is: “to refuse to work.” For example, BILE, 8A MIELE FATE, CAE EB:14: GETTING ANGRY; ADVISING; COMFORTING 309 “ERA, WEDGES.» “These few days there is too much work to finish at the company. The boss warned us that anyone who refuses to work will not get a year-end bonus.”” AT BORA HA MOR TIAN, LE nhs. INK HM [zhua] seize, stress; fF [xia] blind, no purpose) “To be stumped,” “To be at a loss.” For example, Aik Hil — 2 LAT 2, RAFI ETE. “I's better to review early before a test, rather than be stumped at the last moment.” AUT, Fi — hh 7 AEH, FE kh T RA, Vem PE AL de ANB AVG (Ht Gie] ) A colloquial expression: “Don't.” For example, “ PERE EE » Altt, RS EBA. ” “Let me borrow this umbrella” “Don’t. I’m using it right now.” ANDY, Fi — he Fe a ER, FED T ie, ARM GAL ede AN? FEB “Do something desperate.” For example, HE! ANE FOAM TY, LIBR. “Let's not provoke him, lest he do something desperate.” BUOY, 7a St 8) Se, ERT A, 6G I RZ ANE PBRAL ( [chio] stir-fry; E44 [youydi] squid) A colloquial expres- sion for “to fire.” For example, {th LIEA = A RE BU T {{4H.. “He got fired by his boss after only three months.” BUDS, 77 hh Fe a, FED T wie, nM PRG Se AR 2 FR PEAGRY Also as WZ PRALR. Literally: “drink the northwest wind.” It means: “live on air” or “have nothing to eat.” For exam- ple, FEAER LAE, 6 pik JL Bedese J ah BL,310 + uae JAY . “Ifyou don’t find a job, you'll spend the little money you have, and starve.” + REHAB, BAHN I Ve ER UEP TR, SAE TMT. SIRE BEI (HH [shen] stretch; extend; J [qi] bend) Literally: “A real man can both bend and stretch.” This expression encourages the listener to turn the other cheek. For example, $478 HEX, KKH AEH AG BY! “1 don’t care. A real man turns the other cheek.” + ROUGE ES ABE, SET AAT T . PERE (AK [ruin] soft; weak) “Spoke to express apology,” “ask pardon,” or “show sympathy.” 418, “soft words.” For example, bE BEI, MAS LARAE. “He is very self-conscious and never admits doing anything wrong.” © Rh ABS AAR BE REED (F [dail bad, evil, vicious) Also AIREY , “To be ungrateful.” For example, US#8 TAB AUHE, (2 7AMELAS Ra ik, SEARS, ELAR SIE B . “You helped him and he turns around and blames you. He is so ungrateful.” © EMBARTATA IE RK ARITAT Also AVX, a colloquial expression for “be in disagree- ment” or “be at odds.” For example, {til (95 HIRE IL, TW E—HL AAT. “Even though those two are brothers, they have always been at odds.” + REMATFRARRE FT FER VBEAE “To speak frankly.” For example, PH{/]4 FPL HBA HE, FT FPR BES TG, JE] UD MER T14: GETTING ANGRY; ADVISING; COMFORTING 311 “Let’s not hide anything from each other; let’s speak frankly, and resolve the problem once and for all.” VR, BLE AGA, Bape a aE TAS “To oppose.” For example, {Hl MRAP, +A EADY AEF. “Those two have a bad relationship and oppose each other at every turn.” SCRE Us, URE LET RF LOS? PAWL “Pur aside all considerations of face”; or “not spare some- body’s face.” For example, EZ |] Mi%AH HAL AED WL. “A husband and wife should respect each other, and never say things that can’t be taken back.” TUBE TUBERK, URGE T HE ILA? BE. “Fix...” “Make ... suffer.” ... refers to a person. For ex- ample, {113k JL HEA, HF LA ARAL HRS LAE. “His boss is always making him suffer, so he wants to change his job.” FEB IER, UNREST RLS? #8 THEIL A colloquial expression for 44 ZUF-Nb “gain profit.” For example, SAM LAFBE FATE, HEE APA T HE. “1ewe do not finish our job today, it will be bad for anyone.” Fete SEGA SAE EL HBL WEANG EIMAEE “To take a small loss for a big profit.” For ex- ample, WS Bi IZA S HAE PADS AARIEHA th ARSE (EEL. “He always says it is good to take a small loss for a big profit. Those who refuse to risk anything will never get anything in return.” Yh EAE, SEK AAT AMBIX HE “Make a fuss over a trifle.” “Make a mountain out of a312 B+ molehill.” For example, Bait tH T382 — /MEE, FREI A RAVE T. “1 made only a small mistake. Please don’t make a big fuss over nothing.” + BARAK, O—M, WPIEO AE. BARA ASL (+f [dou] fight, struggle against) “A gentleman does not fight women.” For example, FAX AWD AR AY EN 18, AB AE BES ANA Ec fk AEE, ULI T . “When fighting with your wife, think of the old saying, ‘a gentleman does not fight women,’ and cool down.” + RRA, BZ, PA. WA FIX OAL (A [yan] swallow.) Literally: “swallow your an- gry.” The context meaning is “You'd better hold your anger and put up with it.” For example, 44E HI@ERAR MIRREN. BK CENAAR FIX CIAL. “This year there’s no bonus for me, again. I just can’t take it this time.” © BFRATERM, AU BRIE ET hb. BFE GRU [biochéu] revenge; avenge) “Re- venge is a dish best served cold.” For example, UR#F tT A BF? BPR HEA IG, DUG AEB. “Why hurry? Revenge is a dish best served cold. Get him later.” [CONVERSATION B: simplified PE REMAR, BERAULF HN 5: -AUROMRNG ALI, AE, Aah? a14: GETTING ANGRY; ADVISING; COMFORTING 313 WE, WHET! REARS HT LM, ae BAR, RA RT AE. TREES BOR, RAM ET. SATB ABAG AN, WAS Dp? USUI hk: PRB” UAE Mth, AAFP T FATA ALE? BERANE T th! BUN, — ARSE FS, BE abs AKT. SEEM EMCANM FL, UE St, BEE) LAB T ARG, (LAL EE T HARBRABIN, UAE, ROLLE AL BS th BART, WAS 3, ME IET. E TEER ABUL, BAN EA T LF, RBM TY. 23}: R, RAGA -ARSNA. WELT, RBA GABLE AERA T. (HBCRRIE BBR, PORN, AR, MER MILA KIVA MIR T , ATT. UXT LF EAR RAR A, BR ARE. WILE IBA, VARA, BURTER RE HH. 5E KAT ABS, LF ATA ELAS AS SETAE, JL FR REAS SEN! HERE BEBE AMI,314 RE “3§: JEWVA TARR? EERE BST, THT T, AREER. SUE T , BPE AS th 1, OAR aie. 33k: PRAIRIES TO? AURAL, TATE, BE BAB. UA, WEE? 2H AR av, RAE, A, HE LE BIL Fe. Two girlfriends are chatting about their husbands and sons. Fen: Ying: Ying: Fen: Ying: Fen: Ying: Look at how puffy and red your eyes are; your color isn’t too good either. What’s going on? Oh, I don’t want to talk about it! My husband, just because he made a few bucks, got a mistress behind my back. I hate him so much! The day before yesterday he actually brought her home, and I ran into them! That’s horrible, what did you do? I was so angry I shouted at him with everything I had: “Get the hell out!” You have to talk to him, and make him stop acting like this. What is there to talk about? I wish I could kill him! Look what you're saying, you guys are married, after all. Besides, your son is so big already. For the fact that he’s your husband, go talk to him. Maybe you'll hit on something, and he'll change his ways. I don’t care if he’s my husband or not. You don’t know, right now I can’t leave him and I can’tFen: Ying: Fen: Ying: Fen: Ying: Fen: Traditional POM REMI, wR RAF A 14: GETTING ANGRY; ADVISING; COMFORTING 315 stay with him, it feels terrible. Truth be told, if it weren't for my son, I would’ve left him long ago. Every family has its list of troubles. Talking about sons, that no-good son of mine is going to be the death of me. He doesn’t do anything gainful, gambles all day, and look, yesterday he got himself arrested by the police. What a mess! What you're feeling about your son is disappointment; it’s different for me. You have such a nice son, really, I admire you quite a bit. A husband you can just leave, but a son, you can’t just disown him. How can you disown your son! You should talk to him. ‘What use is there in talking? All these years I’ve yelled and screamed and even beaten him, but he goes on gambling. Now that he’s grown up, I’ve stopped worrying about him; it’s his life now. Aren’t you abandoning him? You can be angry, you can hate him, but you still have to care for him, Think about it; if not you, then who? The police station said so, too; it’s my business no matter if I want it or not, because he’s my son. BOSS: -BORAAREG ALE, SA ANF, A he316 B+ PUR ER: Baas: ERR: Dat: ER: was: WE, HUGE T ! REAM T SM, RE, WORT RR. BKC A RR, MRE T IS HY IANA AY, UR AS ER? SAS BRASH WW: RRB!” PPA, TD FLIER T AT TL EAT AE? BRABANT th! Bra, AAS AA, Re ae EXT. BEER LANMTE, Wi) yh, PEN T ARG, ttl OS 7. ee PRA RUSE, BOLE FE BEE, BEAST TALIA PF 2, BDL IE. BE RERUN, BEAN AL AS T FAT, Be ER ABET. WR, RRBA ARSE. REIL, BAB REAM ET TERR T . eB TER AREF, DANES, TEAR, EK MAS 2 Fal ATR T , BOAT IR. GS FE EBA RR, BAER. ORL F AB ERS, RN, BE AE MAY. SC TULA JET AERA BAA S27 1B. FEF BEAN AUF ep a ata AL SERA TEAR? ERAS T, TAT T, ALTER REE. BEE AT , BE ft T, BEA BA a.14: GETTING ANGRY; ADVISING; COMFORTING 317 RR: OREN AEE TS? SSR, TH, FER. URAL, ORE? Bist: = Adem, RPE, Ee, BE TE BEF. WEE AMR ARH MEL AP, RAE, Enh? M...M... “Be both ... and ....” Here X is used to introduce multiple adjectives. For example, Xf MH, “fast and good.” X MM “sweet and crispy.” 4TH}, “red and puffy.” ° WB, BGET! HBF ({hai]) Interjection, “alas,” expressing sadness, regret or re- morse. For example, Mii, {L758 AJ TIX Z JG HE! “God, why is he so ill?” + NE, BRET! FAHET “You don’t want to know,” “You can hardly imagine.” For example, “PRE AIX A Poll? “HSE T , BEAL MHAALT. ” “How come you are so sad?” “You don’t want to know; my husband died last week.” + REBELS T LMR, BRI, AXAF (AL [zhang] rely on) “Rely on”; “depend on.” For example, ALE LEENA DIKGLA. “He often bullies people through the power of his father.” + RUE SIGOR, ERE T. TERA... T A colloquial pattern that conveys the same meaning318 B+ PUR as ULB... T, “1... it.” ... is a verb or verb phrase. 27 is often used before the predicate verb in a passive sentence for emphasis. For example, & JL ERB BRAELY, LRG ST —ififl, “This morning my younger brother wouldn’t go to school, and he was criticized by my mother.” + ABMS: PAB ” ARB... “You'd better.” This is an imperative phrase. One meaning of preposition 4 is “for” or “to.” For example, (R27 BK APNE ASHE}? “will you sing a song for us?” 4h 2 tah ike —3R TE. “He sent a bunch of flowers to her.” However, (R29 HK is a colloquial imperative sentence pattern and usually used in an angry, threatening or compelling tone. For example, (KARE SEAL! “You'd better behave yourself!” © BEST: “ABR” BE ((gin]) “Get out.” When used in the imperative, it connotes anger. For example (RRIF AIL! DER ERO RR! “You get out! Don’t trouble me!” + APATITE? RIBAS T fh! 4BAR@ (He [hen] hate; regret) Also as TRAN AE, “if only one could.” For example, LIRA LIER. “If only I could go home right now.” + BRN, —AARE AAR, PUMA BRAK. SERVER “What are you saying!” This is a colloquial pattern that is often used to show disagreement and mild criticism. For example, FARA, RBA ABA KA. “What are you saying, how could I ever do that?”14: GETTING ANGRY; ADVISING; COMFORTING 319 BEMERLANM TL, (RE SHH te... IF Literally, “for the sake of ...” It often means: “for the sake of the relationship between you and ....” For ex- ample, 4 TEC NW ACI THF bE, oat th —FBIE., “For the sake of your old friend, you should help him.” BELO T IG, HELO T BEHEJL AE [zhin] norm; accurate) “Probably”; “who knows.” For example, 14 4 S42 HE J LAE AM. “Maybe it will work.” (Ab AA, HARRIE LSOR TT, BORE LSI. “Being the kind the person he is, maybe he will come, maybe he will not.” BOE LB T ARG, (hell Pea T PONT BRB GR [b5] move with hand; $$ [jin] muscle; tendon) This expression means “to manage to convince someone,” io with the connotation that it is unlikely, but not impossible. For example, (iAiA AE, BM TOA, RS RT . “Why don’t you try? If you manage to convince him, he might agree to come.” WR, RRMA ASMA. me ([ai]) An interjection: “Oh.” “Ah.” “Alas.” A sigh of sadness or regret. For example, We, Wb) F449 T AIA. “Alas, her kid got leukemia.” 8, RRA ASN. RAMA AERA (& [niin] read aloud; study; 4 fing] scripture) “Every family has a skeleton in the cupboard.” “Every family has its own problems.” For example, ABE GA WAKE, RRMA AKER. “Don’t envy others; every family has its own problems.”320 B+ PUR + A BOREB BASF, sh AR) Be BR...A.... “To put ... aside and not ... it.” The second “...”" is a verb and the first “...” is its object. This pattern is usually used with a tone of dissatisfaction or blame. For example, {th J3¢ 49 SUSHI AS 1, ELT. “She put her food aside and didn’t eat it, eating out instead.” © ULF EAR RAR , BRAN. AREA BRM (HR [tie] iron; 44) [ging] steel) “To be frustrated by one’s lack of ability.” For example, 2 JdCV7 BATE RA 49]. “The teacher lectured us because he was frustrated by our lack of ability.” © WILE AR, IN, BORER. LW “No kidding.” For example, WALI, (hat vET JUPRSME NE! “I'm not kidding, he really is able to speak more than a dozen foreign languages!” + PGES eT TTT RR. wth. J, tT, RERE... “After... and ..., still ....” In this pattern, in the first and the second phrase, each “...””is a verb, and each phrase contains the same verb. For example, 3X AC (KN taiZ J, Mt T , A FEANPAFAG. “After eating as well as drink- ing, this guy still refused to work.” + UAE AT, BPMN eT, DPR eB a. WRAP (FH [you] follow, obey; fF [ming] lot, fate) “Leave it up to fate.” For example, EE MBULIA AS T (HET, At EOE KF fit I. “The doctors all said they can’t cure him, so he can only leave it up to fate.”14: GETTING ANGRY; ADVISING; COMFORTING 321 © RARE TG? FEHB... This is a double-subject colloquial pattern that is often used to express opinion. In the pattern, JS usually refers to some thing that {/f did, which is introduced in the context; and ... is often a comment. To generalize the pattern, we can replace Hf by ind replace by other personal nouns or pronouns, such as » EA, ORANT, BR, and fib. For example, POX th £9 T PRANTEF. “Tam doing this for your own good.” + AURAL RAT, RRA. JA JA... (A [gui]) Also as: . Pn oT When! and He are interchangeable, the pattern means: though ... and ..., .... ” In the pattern, both the first and the second “are va and the third “...” is a clause. For example: #4 #41 JAE ML, SOWA HER, HRS T PEPE ML. “watch TV, and play games, but don’t forget to do your homework.” Xf (ht DEUCE, KE THVT Ab TH, TEBE, “Criticize him, punish him, but we still need to care for him.” + URVAD, ORAS EEE WAS. E.2 “If you do not ..., then who will ...2” This is a rhetorical question, and ... should be a verb. It means: “You should ” For example, FES, (AN Sa SEE HE? “He is the leader; if he doesn’t take responsibility who will?” certainly .. J_vocasuLary SKIL tour head; chief FR Anjia uarrel; come to blows gan) q322 B+ PURE xing zong con badao chingyuindisuan xishiningrén baifeikdushé rénqitiinsheng chikdushingrén dingtoushangsi quan rén rio zhong qisé zhéng béizhe ying hén yang jaran qingrén ling fishy anyway always; at all times domineering; overbearing long-term plan make concessions to avoid trouble waste one’s words; speak to the wind swallow an insult; submit to humiliation speak bitingly; offend by rude remarks one’s immediate (or direct) superior right; power; authority bear; endure; tolerate let somebody off; forgive swelling; swollen complexion; color earn; make behind somebody’s back support; provide for hate itch; tickle unexpectedly; go so far as to sweetheart; lover lead; bring14: GETTING ANGRY; ADVISING; COMFORTING 323 HE zhuangshang rh chong e zai —-ARX#AAR yiriffaigibdirién ALO FER. huixinzhuinyi i k AR bazhénggi discover by chance; catch somebody in the act towards slaughter; butcher A day together as husband and wife means endless devotion the rest of your life change one’s views; come around divorce be disappointing zhéngjingshi serious affair dongbudéng frequently; at every tum dagian gamble Rae xiinma envy BR gonginja Public Security Bureau — [LEXERCISES A. Fill in the spaces with the appropriate words or phrases: Beate PET + LSet AN 5K (3) eS FISK HIS 1 ROR wT, 2 Fixes it ATSB ILA REEL RAB FMET FETE BAT RRMA. AFTER WB WEILL L BET. 3 FIL aS RM, BS AD wi BRIA WK324 B+ PURE 4 HATA ARAN Mh, — BAR fee Fe Mt. 5 ERM CARAT NRHA : SPEEDS A, REET BAAS TS 7 RWIS A, fe TB, 8 MPA HDPE WEA. 9 MIEBURART, AR BERET BS ER AAT LOR? 10 fth-7S FABIA T KARA, : B. Choose the expression from the following list that best corresponds to the underlined words or phrases: wants = SEA tht LTS RIED MEE BS BH Att 1 BAAN, AEDES BE, Aa as A,” 2 le (EGE SE AE BASIN Ti AS PAE 3 MSH ER BY, AMAL LY A. 4 HR PERE, SER LARK T vie 5 ITALENT, RANK, PEAT RA.” cae 6 CEE IL, URE EAS AE, ELE. 7 UMA AAR? BABEL Zo 8 BAAS TL AE, BTA ABE. 9 BONER, (IB BR, AEE.14: GETTING ANGRY; ADVISING; COMFORTING 325 10 fhe SKE BEE, BA 25k Ow Ae? C. Fill in the spaces with the appropriate words or phrases: KEARCAE ABER NBDE Wes SAME MARIOS PERL feet MAREE, BT ABEL EAT A, ORBEA AIA, : 2 RP APL ARAB TR RAT, 3 BRM Mart, ABS ar ABR T. 4 RABE =a bh, 2Awt EMRE. 5 PRET, MATAR ALR, ANE LEI? 6 PSU JLSF AGS? MIE FETT KAR TU, 7 URE — ANG, HERE T 8 Attia FTE, iT DLE AS BORER LAD. o . Choose the expression from the following list that best corresponds to the underlined words or phrases: AT AH ESHER BA Wim BARI FTIR RRC REINA} WEA AS EAR AS SiH ENB Ls & 5 BAT A Oe 3 URE LEE T, thE. 4 UAL A AWD SEAL, ACRE, 5 URIBE, ARABI — HO, nN a326 B+ 6 MRR BAMAAMAR, BELARUS, Psy Bh BAS xi. 7 FUE BGT BR, BOSE AB, We a A. 8 BEARERS AS fa BL, We ATi er PA E. Fill in the spaces with the appropriate words or phrases: AKT WRT We MH mR WPA tr URE TRE AN AH 1 UII IE RAIL TB?” BROKE TT.” 2 Ht MEAN Te » Hl 3 Hui RE SORE T, Beis: “Me, , BIA MBIA T. 4 REAR TRKBH, AREA, RA. T 5 WEL RTREAA KARA CNET. 6 URI, IR, BESET AE. 7 Fei EAS LPR EME OB 8 UFR, EA ELT T A REBT. F. Choose the expression from the following list that best corresponds to the underlined words or phrases: UAE = BASE MEL BRAK Biv EB SUKI R1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 14: GETTING ANGRY; ADVISING; COMFORTING 327 EEN DIRK: “FETE! RAL WUT! NBR AWW, HS, RAT RA T RR ASIT EE. "GRAZ IEA Ti! PRA aly 1” FA TRIRAL AT ARE HIN i, BRAS EARP RENE SEHK RUE, PRAT, ROR, Ti La RAR IS RAUAK, HEAR EEE He? ARE, PAGE EM ETE REESE WELT, USE AR BORLA DBO G. Choose the expression from the following list that best corresponds to the underlined words: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 SHMUEL RAR RE EAE NEVA, Mi VANES AAA — AS MER AL CA aE, A ASA A, BUX LE RIA T , RAMA RR THE. A BAT EGER, BR SI, REL A PRIN ALR YS MEL, HS AE AR A A EA HEAL. IBS MRE, 1h BARA 4, IE AHS. ATT EABIET 2 BE, AY SHELL AN AE IP HAE SE LF PAE, WLP AS 7 AT, BD328 38+ URE Answer KEY Exercise A (Dialogue 1) Exercise C (Dialogue 1) 10 A tHE T Ha 1 HR 1 EF 2 iS 2 Hae 3 BAL 3 AE 4 P4EIL 4 AN BIKE 5 Y 5 MA PEAL 6 BLS: 6 RRO 7 BBA 7 Kt R AER AR 8 ATR ILA 8 Mab a hE 9 AS SEHR Exercise D (Dialogue 1) 1 HA GE...) Exercise B (Dialogue 1) 2 AKA 1 WA 3 ari , 4 Bia 2 eit 3 BBE 5 Pim 4 BRS 6 BRAMMER 5 Blt 7 BROT ENR 6 oeete 8 FHRRWRIA 7 BA . . 8 OE Exercise E (Dialogue 2) 9 ARES 1 R/T 10 fth=- (... 4...) 2 Me / oR 3 HET 4 WR 5 RRA RC14: GETTING ANGRY; ADVISING; COMFORTING 329 6 PFTMRT GbE... T) 7 ii 6 te... WE) Exercise G (Dialogue 2) 1 8 BAR GRR T BAR) o RK Exercise F (Dialogue 2) 3 SET TUE 4 RAB — AMER 1 5 BAR BORA...) 2 BALAN 6 AIAN, MEAN (... JAL..., 3 Buin eck 4 BEL 7% th T 5 LAMA OL... LB) 8... 7,28... 6 UIA (URHB...) 7 URERER (GRERER...) 8 HEBUR (A7R... HE...) —— [LcutturE NoTES When you read in Chinese, you might often see the Chinese character, fit. One group of meanings represented by ff¥ is “life,” “lot,” “fate,” and “destiny.” Following are some words and expressions that contain fit with these meanings: ATE determined by fate; predestined ATIF one’s very life; lifeblood fie destiny; fate; lot wat unlucky (usually of women) born under an unlucky star; born330 B+ PUR ‘pear Att a iit 4 Ait Apt iS air Stir Ubi SLi tet Sei Hear Bit rush about on errands; be kept on the run pay with one’ life die young; be short lived revolution earn a bare living; scrape along; eke out an existence; save sb.’s life; life save somebody's life work oneself to the bone for sb.; die (unworthily) for lose one’s life; die; recklessly; desperately; like mad; for all one’s worth risk one’s life; defy death; go all out regardless of dan- ger to one’s life; exerting the utmost strength; for all one is worth; with all one’s might; desperately spare somebody's life human life meet one’s death; get killed risk one’s life; sacrifice oneself life life span; life lose one’s life; get killed; go to one’s doom fortune-telling run (or flee, fly) for one’s life gamble (or play) with one’ life; risk one’s life needlessly life (of a man or animal) drive sb. to his death; kill; confoundedly; extremely; awfully; terribly; a nuisance struggle to save one’s life causing death; fatal; mortal; deadly14: GETTING ANGRY; ADVISING; COMFORTING 331 (RJD Air murder somebody for his money BEF FF Ai be kept constantly on the run; be tired out by too much running around; be weighed down with work 9E-FAEAT die an unnatural (or a violent) death WER EH fiz submit to the will of Heaven; resign oneself to one’s fate; trust to luck Tit Z te desperado ATIF die. BPH 1S. URIS DA Te? RRMA PE T QUARRELING [CONVERSATION 1: Simplified ORLA bk, PAS EB BS AE HBR. &: BAMA! Bar! Sh: MIKA AWE? HPT HZ! x: URIS AAT IMT? A FOB, HIE EAE! AFA eT! Bi: FMS AB AT AE JL! ERIE AB AEN, HEARN RRR AC! a: EAE LER ABLE, SAAB HR! B: MRE ANE” , ETRY , EF ELBE if! BES BO LMS, HR BRE! 33215: QUARRELING 333 BI 0 ve lectured, criticized, wrung out by someone (see page 339.) On a very crowded bus, two middle school students wearing backpacks start arguing. Girl: Guy: Girl: Guy: Girl: What are you pushing for! Stop pushing! Don’t you see all these people? If you can’t stand pushing go call a cab! What the hell’s wrong with you? The more I back up the more you push! How disgusting! Look at yourself! You think I like you, go take a piss and look at yourself! I'm trying to talk to you; don’t act shamelessly when people treat you with respect! Jerk! There’s “shameless” and there’s “Jerk,” and you call that trying to talk to me? You're pretty good at making yourself look good, asshole.334 PT HhE x: B: UE IEA DE, UREA ARE! PRA ARERR BENE! 2b FRAT! USA TNE! UA ERNE! SEY! Re. AVN! ABA! REL: ATT TS, BD vi AVE. A: KRTEBUW LEE. Pa, BRST. Traditional TEVA ASA, Se BL PE Te aR. k: B: x: Bs PACT BEE BO! WHIGES AU? PATHE! Opi AATF? A ZR, PRE EAE! HE ETT! FUME AT SL, HE REASON, TLR YOR ARR ! TEE SER ot, ANA aT IR! SUE ABER, SLE TR, EEL FR aa! BEC E BOERS, TLR! SUE! IRATE, URE ERE! PRA ARE PEWE! A> FR Re TBI! UA TENE! RA RE! SHES15: QUARRELING 335 Girl: Dick! Who the hell are you! You’re the asshole! Don’t mess with me! Guy: You're the one messing! You the one messing! Damn it! Pass. A: Don’t cuss! Don’t yell! Pass. B: Okay, okay, both of you back off. Conductor: Everyone move in. Arriving at the next stop, Jianguomen. FAA: las Beaa! HAL REL: FATT, TT, DRAB. HERA: KAGEAGS iE. Fuk, SBT. ER + TAB RT AIA! FTA CY [di] taxi) “Hail a taxi”; “take a taxi.” For example, FACE ALZES TATA AT ES T. “There are a lot of taxis nowadays; taking them is a lot easier than before.” + URI DAT IM? FAIA “ sick” or “mentally ill” Often used to mock a person with the connotation that he or she is unbalanced. For example, #W4E RATA? BLAS ZIG= (8) DOA. “Are you ill? Why are you spouting nonsense?”336 BRR + ART! PEAT Also as TLE, “disgusting” or “shameful.” This expression is used to ridicule somebody’s appearance, behavior, conduct, or manner, For example, PSHM 4T, EAE 4 2 BYE! “Look how disgusting you are, and you want to be an officer!” IB4S3e {KELHEAT. “That fellow is really disgusting.” + HER EAS AE WLAN, te ASE DR FE Also as Hi3®, “cherish”; “value” Often used with a negative connotation or in rhetorical questions. For example, FLA AVA AES BENE! “1 don’t care about your money at all.” + ERB REAS EULA, TE RRR, FOWIRIGR “You should make some water and look in it!” $l YAR, colloquial form for “piss.” RIK, abbreviation of FRIVBEF, “Jook in the mirror.” This is an insult about the target’s appearance or character. For example, BPR ABET, 2 MAGEE RU, “You are so disgusting! Why don’t you make some water and look in it!” + WAR WR! AEE ZA IK means to “give face,” to show respect to someone. AXE means “shameless” or “brazen.” For example, Fi) 2 EAB BH! “Don’t be shameless when I try to save your face.” BRAWL T USIEWE-NIL TE, UIE TA AME BAB EK. “T’ve stopped talking but you continue to yell; why are you such an ass when I’m trying to smooth things over.” + WSIS Beli! WHR! TLR “Repugnant,” “disgusting,” or “disagreeable.” For example, fet KF EAE, BLL IR! “He is always fresh with girls. How repulsive!”15: QUARRELING 337 BIKER TE A CU LESH, FLAN AE AR 8] Ic is used to focus on the meaning that is contrary to what is expected or thought. For example, {tS 7-7 fai, Fit HK Al {RAL I“A.. “He is short, but he’s a good worker.” PIRES E BO EWS, FEA AR EA EWS “Promote oneself.” IMG literarilly: “to cover with gold foil.” For example, SIZE A Cie LW T! “On, stop blowing your own trumpet.” BIKES A CM LMS, RRB! ARERR Also as AES AR OG. ARPH means “thing,” and when 3 PG refers to a person, it contains a negative connotation. The expression AS Zz AR PG is often used in criticizing or rebuking. For example, {LAN SEAR DG! “He is a real asshole!” FA ISEIL FY ANE FR BH T | “Our boss is a horrible jerk!” EL URL ARTY, (REIT A AR! 4+ ARB The expression is used as a curse, but does not contain any “dirty” words. For example, (83 (+A 3K BH is similar to “You bastard.” (HEIRFT (LEW. + AR VE! “He even hit his old mother; what a scoundrel!” URIEAT ARG! PRA AR EAR BGR ! YRA ++ WE This pattern is used to indicate an emphatic tone. For example, PRUEBAS EER, URAL ANE ES RW! “You said that I know nothing about music. In fact it is you who knows nothing about music.” HAAN 2248 PRAT IAW. “She will absolutely not trust what you say.” DIRBIWE 2D... “Stop ...!” In this pattern, 7} is used as a verb with the338 BRM meaning “stop” or “quit.” For example, 7> BE 18! “Stop talking rubbish!” 2> RIX —2E! “Cut it out!” “Quit that!” + DIBA FRYE A colloquial expression meaning “to act up.” For example, WSTAF FO AVE, WE LAWAR BX. “When that kid starts acting up, he won't listen to anybody.” + PRAYER! YEAH ({handan]) Also written as Yi ((htindan]). “Bastard.” For example, #8iX7E EE! YRFF! “You bastard! Get away!” + AIH! #84585 A commonly used curse. According to context, its mean- ing is similar to the following English expressions: “Damn it.” “blast it.” “To hell with it.” “Gosh.” “Hell.” “God damn you.” For example, (H45A9, IX4EIH TY. “Damn it. The car died !” + AT ATT, MAE, 49 T “Okay.” Used to express dismissal, and is similar to f# J” or 44. when being used to smooth over an argument. For example, 40-7 48S, RUPE T . “Okay, okay, that’s enough.” — [CONVERSATION B: Simplified NIRA EEA ES AEE. AACE St RU. Aya: IL, PROF BABE? SRM LALA AB Ee EAL EASE LVE, AETEBA T BY Te MBit Awe aE = + INE:15: QUARRELING 339 ORISA EIA AAR A? BE RESET, EPR yy FHIEARAMM? BOCASREA TCA. EVA! aT BLAS LAB, EM IE AHMAR IL. JERE) LEE A 18 HORN? We Ath 2 ER ER LAT AR, WETE T . hi KAS EM FT. PEE. FAG RPM, Hh Dt

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