Have you ever wondered how a computer reads and store information..?

Did you know that computers can only read the numbers 0 and 1..? (Well, it is programmed that way…)

The two number system or Binary code is the most simplistic form of data.
It is represented entirely by a binary system of digits consisting of a string of consecutive zeros and ones.
It is often associated with machine code in that binary sets can be combined to form raw code……..

……raw code, which is interpreted by a computer or other piece of hardware.

It could represent a text, instructions, or any other data by just using a two-number or two-symbol system.
This would seem very inefficient for us (humans) who are used to working in base 10 or the Decimal System, but for a
computer………

but for a computer, base 2, or binary system, is the perfect numbering system.
This is because all calculations in a computer are based on millions of transistors that are either in an on position, or an off
position. So there we have it, 0 for off, and 1 for on. Binary code assigns a pattern of binary digits, also known as bits…

Bit - In the binary system, each 0 or 1 is called a bit - short for binary digit.
And a group of eight bits is called a Byte, a familiar term for every one of us who is fond of using gadgets.
(If asked, how much memory does your device have? You could say 16GB or 16 Gigabyte or 16 billion bytes. Which is the
numbers of eight bits combination that your device can hold or store.)
Byte - A group of eight bits. Each character, let’s take for example the letter “G” is a representation of 1 byte (eight bits).
There are 256 combinations of bits available 28=256
These are the different characters, some of these characters can be seen in a computer keyboard.
Now let’s see some alphabet equivalent of the binary numbers.

This is a part of the 256 combination of bits, known ASCII Table which stands for American Standard Code for Information
Interchange.
Computers can only understand numbers, so an ASCII code is the numerical representation of a
character such as 'a' or '@' or an action of some sort. ASCII was developed a long time ago and
now the non-printing characters are rarely used for their original purpose.
In the ASCII character table and this includes descriptions of the first 32 non-printing characters.

information that goes through a computer are converted in a form of a computer language known as The Binary System.
Input is whatever that you put into a computer.
symbols, shapes, sounds, pressure, light beams or whatever material that needs processing.
These are converted to binary by a certain hardware for a computer to read and process the input.

These represents On and Off - the position for an electrical signal to pass through (or not)on a transistor.
All the data and program instructions that go into the computer to be processed and stored, are represented by these binary
numbers.
And for us to be able to understand the Binary System, it is then converted into the Decimal System.
Now let’s try to understand the binary code…..

…..Now let’s try to understand the binary code.

First, we need to review our Base 10, decimal system.
When counting, we are using place value, we fill the ones place and then move to the tens place and hundredths and so on and
so forth. For example

When you count in the decimal system (base 10) you fill the one’s place, then move to the ten’s place.
Using the numbers 0-9 repeatedly.
As each place value is filled with the numbers, we continue to the next place value on which each place value is 10x the
previous place.
when we count in the Binary…

When we count in the binary system, it is the same as in the decimal system by filling in the place values and moving up the
place value chart.
If the decimal system, base 10 has place values 10x the previous place - How do you think the place values for the binary
system are determined?

Do you see a pattern?

While on the decimal system, each place value is 10x of the previous place, on the binary system each place is 2x of the previous
place.
See for example….

See for example, the 110 in the binary system is equivalent to “6” in the decimal system.
And 1000, is equivalent to “8”…

Now, another example, can you tell me…

What is the equivalent decimal number of this binary number? 101001

Now to do that, first determine the place values and add them together.

Yes, it’s 41. So in the binary system, 101001 is equivalent to 41 in the decimal system.

Now Try to count in Decimal System and in the Binary System from 1 to 20.
You will surely find that it is much ineffecient to count in the binary system than in the decimal system which we are used to.
In the binary system, each 0 or 1 is called a bit - short for binary digit.

Now, Let’s take at the alphabet character equivalent of the binary codes

O11O1OOO_O11O1OO1 or in English language is “hi”

Binary code is the base code of computer language.

Once you understand the patterns and the rules, you can learn other programming languages.