INTRODUCTION

Mathematics requires a learning or instructional effort, referring to areas of

knowledge that can only be understood after being instructed in them, such as
astronomy.

A mathematician is a person whose primary area of study and research is

mathematics, that is, he contributes with new knowledge in this field of study.
Strictly speaking, a mathematician is a researcher in the area of mathematics.
The term covers a wide range of competences and very different practices, which
share a common vocabulary and a specific formalism, as well as a rigor
requirement of this discipline. Mathematicians are also known to those
professionals who have completed a university degree in this field. It is capable
of converting the laws formulated in a general way (solving equations) into
verifiable facts and analyzes the validity of these laws through the use of
statistics. Use, invent, reflect and experiment with mathematics in order to find
new applications of mathematical methods with a view to their use in scientific
research or technical application. The generic mathematical term can be chosen
in more restricted domains, such as: geometer, algebrist, analyst, etc.
I. THE MATHEMATICS AWARDS
1.1. MATHEMATICAL

There are mainly two interpretations, on the one hand, a

person who works actively in mathematical research is called a
mathematician, 2 which, at present, is most often accompanied by
publications in journals specialized in the subject; to this
classification belong Henri Poincaré or Andrew Wiles, for example.
On the other hand, a mathematician can designate a person with
special knowledge in mathematics, 3 or who worked in a related
field such as teaching or vulgarization; such as Aurelio Baldor or
Martin Gardner.

1.2. PURE MATHEMATICIAN

1.2.1. LEONHARD EULER (1707 - 1783):
(Of physical and mathematical training).
He is generally considered the greatest of
mathematicians; His imposing work covers several
branches of scientific and mathematical knowledge,
and is responsible for much of the notation and
terminology used today, as the concept of function.
He is also "the most prolific mathematician"
1.2.2. CARL FRIEDRICH GAUSS (1777-1855):
(Mathematician, astronomer and physicist).
Nicknamed "the prince of mathematics." Gauss was a
child prodigy, and without doubt the most outstanding
mathematician of the nineteenth century; also called
"the greatest since antiquity."
1.2.3. ÉVARISTE GALOIS (1811 - 1832):
Dueling at twenty years of age, anticipated abstract
branches of mathematics related to equation theory,
abstract algebra and group theory.
 1.2.4. SRINIVASA RAMANUJAN (1887 - 1920):
Was a self-taught Indian mathematician; Despite not
having academic training, he made extraordinary
contributions in analysis, theory of numbers, series
and continuous fractions.
1.3. MATHEMATICIANS OF THE 21ST CENTURY
In 2000, the Clay Mathematics Institute announced the
"Millennium Problems", a list of open mathematical problems
and whose resolution would be an important achievement
and considerable progress in the field of mathematics.
1.3.1. ALEXANDER GROTHENDIECK, is one of the most
prolific mathematicians who contributed fundamental
developments within homological algebra, topology
and category theory, received the Fields Medal in
1966, although he rejected the distinction.
1.3.2. SAHARON SHELAH, who worked on the foundation
of mathematics, set theory and model theory
establishing a significant number of very important
results during the 1970s.
1.3.3. ANDREW WILES, Andrew Wiles demuestra «el
último teorema de Fermat» (establecido en 1637),
tras años de trabajo en solitario.
1.3.4. GRIGORI PERELMÁN, resolves "the Poincaré
Hypothesis" (established by H. Poincaré in 1904). He
is remembered for this the Fields Medal, a distinction
that rejects it. It is the only one of the Millennium
Problems to have been solved.
1.4. MATH WOMEN
Most of the people who have excelled in the area of
mathematics and have achieved universal popularity have
been men. Despite these inconveniences, there have been
women who, thanks to an indomitable will, a high social
position and, generally, with the help of some male patron,
have left an indelible mark on mathematics.

1.4.1. MATHEMATICAL WOMEN BEFORE THE

TWENTIETH CENTURY
The most prominent are:
 Teano de Crotona (6th century BC).
 Hipatia of Alexandria (around 400).
 Ada Lovelace (1815-1852).

1.4.2. THE MATHEMATICAL WOMEN OF THE

TWENTIETH CENTURY

The most prominent are:

 Mileva Marić (1875-1948).
 Emmy Noether (1882-1935).
 Mary Lucy Cartwright (1900-1998).
II. AWARDS AND DISTINCTIONS
2.1. Fields Medal: The International Medal for Outstanding
Mathematical Discoveries, better known by the name of
Fields Medal, is a distinction awarded since 1936 by the
International Mathematical Union on a four-year basis, being
the highest award granted by the international mathematical
community. His name was given in honor of the Canadian
mathematician John Charles Fields and is only granted to
mathematicians with ages not exceeding 40 years, with a
remuneration of 15,000 Canadian dollars.
2.2. Abel Prize: The Abel Prize is an award granted by the King
of Norway to an outstanding mathematician. It is delivered
annually.
The Norwegian government created the Abel Prize in 2002,
on the bicentenary of the birth of the Norwegian
mathematician, Niels Henrik Abel, who died prematurely, at
age 26, of tuberculosis.
The Norwegian Academy of Sciences and Letters proclaims
each year the recipient of the Abel Prize, following a
selection made by a committee of five mathematicians from
several countries. The economic reward for the winner is
770,000 €, similar to that of the Nobel Prize, which does not
award any prize to mathematicians. The prize aims to
publicize mathematics and increase its prestige, especially
among young people.
2.3. Nevanlinna Prize: The Nevanlinna Prize is awarded for
contributions in the mathematical aspects of computing. The
award was established in 1981 by the Executive Committee
of the International Mathematical Union IMU and was named
in honor of the Finnish mathematician Rolf Nevanlinna who
died a year earlier. The prize consists of a gold medal and a
cash prize.Due to Rolf Nevanlinna's political ideas linked to
 Nazism, the name of this recognition was changed, in May
2019, to that of the Abacus Prize.
2.4. Carl Friedrich Gauss Prize: The Carl Friedrich Gauss Prize
for applied mathematics is a math prize, awarded jointly by
the International Mathematical Union (IMU) and the German
Mathematical Society for "relevant mathematical
contributions with significant applications outside
mathematics." Named in honor of the German
mathematician Carl Friedrich Gauss, it is awarded every four
years during the International Mathematics Congress. The
prize consists of a medal and a check of 10,000€. There is
no age limit (contrary to the Fields medal). The official
announcement of the award was held on April 30, 2002, the
225th anniversary of Gauss's birth, and was awarded for the
first time in 2006. The award is specifically dedicated to the
recognition of mathematicians and to honor those who have
influenced fields outside the area of mathematics, such as
business, technology or simply in daily life.
2.5. Chern Medal:The Chern Medal is an international math
prize, awarded during the International Mathematics
Congress (IMC) held every four years, in recognition of the
outstanding achievements of a lifetime dedicated to the
study of mathematics at its highest level.
Named in honor of the Chinese mathematician Shiing-Shen
Chern, recognition is given jointly by the International
Mathematical Union (IMU) and the Chern Medal Foundation
(CMF) during the opening ceremony, in the same way the
Fields Medal, the Nevanlinna Prize and the Gauss Prize. The
first was awarded in 2010 in Hyderabad.
The prize consists of a medal decorated with the figure of
Chern, a cash reward of $ 250,000 (USD) and also the option
of redirecting $ 250,000 in charitable donations to one or
more organizations that support research, education or
dissemination in mathematics.
2.6. Wolf Prize: The Wolf Prize has been given annually since
1978 to scientists and artists alive for "their achievements in
the interest of humanity and fraternal relations between
peoples ... without distinguishing nationality, race, color,
religion, sex or political tendencies ". The prize is awarded in
Israel by the Wolf Foundation, founded by Dr. Ricardo Wolf,
a German inventor and former Cuban ambassador to Israel.
Awards
They are awarded in six fields: Wolf Prize in Agriculture, Wolf
Prize in Chemistry, Wolf Prize in Mathematics, Wolf Prize in
Medicine, Wolf Prize in Physics, and a Wolf Foundation
Award for the Arts that rotates annually between
architecture, music, painting and sculpture. Each prize
consists of a diploma and $ 100,000.
The Wolf Prizes awarded in mathematics, physics or
chemistry are often considered the most prestigious awards
in those fields after the Nobel Prize or the Fields Medal. The
Medicine Prize is the third most prestigious, after the Nobel
Prize and the Lasker Prize. The Wolf Prize in mathematics,
as well as in agriculture, is especially prestigious due to the
absence of Nobel prizes in these disciplines.
2.7. Fermat Prize: The Fermat Prize for mathematical research
rewards research papers in areas in which Pierre de
Fermat's contributions have been decisive:
 Declarations of Calculation of Variations
 Fundamentals of Probability and Analytical
Geometry
 Number theory.
The spirit of the award focuses on rewarding the results of
research accessible to the greatest number of mathematical
professionals in these fields. The Fermat Prize was created
in 1989 and is awarded once every two years in Toulouse by
the Mathematical Institute of Toulouse. The amount of the
 Fermat Prize has been set at 20,000 euros for the tenth
edition (2007).
2.8. Clay Award: awarded by the Clay Mathematics Institute.
The millennium problems are seven mathematical problems
whose resolution would be rewarded, as announced by the
Clay Mathematics Institute in 2000, with the sum of one
million dollars each.Until the day of Today, only one of these
problems has been solved, the Poincaré hypothesis.
2.9. Pólya Prize and the Morgan Medal:

2.9.1. Pólya Prize: The Pólya Prize is a prize in

mathematics, awarded by the Mathematical Society
of London. It was first delivered in 1987, the prize is
named in honor of the Hungarian mathematician
George Pólya who was a member of the society for
over 60 years. The prize is awarded "in recognition of
outstanding creativity, imaginative exhibition of, or
distinguished contribution to mathematics in the
United Kingdom". It cannot be given to anyone who
has received the Morgan Medal.
2.9.2. Morgan Medal: The Morgan Medal is an award for
the remarkable contribution to mathematics, awarded
by the Mathematical Society of London (LMS). It is the
most prestigious award given by the Society, which is
given in the memory of Augustus De Morgan, who
was the first President of the LMS. The medal is
awarded every three years (in years divisible by 3).
The only reason for the award of the Medal are those
of the candidate contributions to mathematics, but can
only be granted to a mathematician who is normally
resident in the United Kingdom on January 1 of the
corresponding year.
III. CONCLUSIONS