3-1 Planning / Planning is an art, and the art of planning exist only amon human beings. This power to be able to plan distinguishes man — from the other members of the animal kingdom. The environmental development through planning is a natu- ral field for Architects as they are in a better position because of their training and experience. However, for a good planning, intelligence and are necessary. And for a plan to be successful, it rv i: fied. s of any construction project. Unfortunately, it seems that some engineers and constructors have not given the pre-planning special emphasis despite their one direction of go- ing there. Past experience have proven that there is no short cuts to sound construction pre-planning. There is no new procedure to replace the following four basic rules for any job. 1. The construction superintendent should be included in the consultation at the very start of the planning stage. just present him later the finished plan and say: the plan for you to implement. ; %Rie philosophy. Locking ahead isa way of think~ m about the future eects of today’s action. Plan S 8 sate ofthe mind that recognizes the n2ed for {the value of direction, Both long and short range plans No give purpose to the organiza- “The central figure i bears the ultimate projet. His role inthe ea person who i xpable of wo the objectives of the projet "hej of project manage an ing, However, the reward of the jb from: |. The benefits of being assoiated 2. The personal satisfhction ofn projects have some clments in of planing and coordinating project ble for large projects, which typi- ‘even thousands of activities, that must ied and monitored ifthe project is to proceed schedule ata reasonable cos. be established and priorities are set must be identified and time estima’ ‘The fist sep in constuction ‘raph and poting the anticipated dt uipment atthe sit, The optimum tin ctvites could be anayand. Sever ‘cal use of equipment will appear on oul then be adjust to preven can probably be traced to : Similarly, people at every ter no ating ‘ssenially the same manage- we experienced projoet ADAGE ate Yowards the accomplish- stating date for any of theActivites, which are related to ‘ill serve as a running list of ind nt and materials, which are in the pressed acoring to their importance project. The design and dating effort ce those drawings that are necessary ‘3 5-5 Project Engineer's Review peA Gist hand review ofthe pra ral status ofthe work is iscassed withthe key field ome ofice assistance i of Suggestions are made and disuse a ‘ganizations as to how its progress canbe Discussions and review of assures a clearer understanding of the we lowing actions . 1 Altemate solutions may be reviewed 2. Exchanging ideas fora ete solution 5, To implement results as agreed int ‘sucessful rescue operation ‘The site review, gives every an Cy ni liscussions of ideas and techniques on work, The best presplanning tion toa construction projet.‘withthe plans and specifcarions ‘mistake and delay on this ecount. Othe work. Large construction w he oxtractor must be selective in Pj undergoes srs of ity and qualifcatio to start the ater by selected personnel Pen BF xewuton of major actives Project phase ot Project construction fife. cele suchas: ‘The site must be foundes of organizing a con- iceses and building permits site temporary roadway feces, and temporary shed field offices for the sat é ater and letrc supply es Hef storage space for use of employer = the owner. Most of sponsbiltes were stipulated will be beter exercised if ach sponsibility ofthe other, The 1. Proving and making ‘he comvenicne of constuction. Eretion of site office i‘The rate of which they must bee ‘The owner's staff and thethe effect of the contingency. I, ‘and to make the necessary ad- back into line many horizontal spaces as are re (ofthe job, The vertical columns date the the next step isto complete th the same order as ‘of work which should fine when they pil be site, also giving the present ated time of completion and alps f a 3-9 Planning and Scheduling: ‘The Gantt char isa tool used for ‘ope projects With he chart, the pret chau projet activites, and to monitor comparing planned progress actual To prepare the char, the project major activities that would be required tity are made and the sequence wns. sed, the chart indicates which [As the project progresses, the projet to sce which activities were ahead ofEB _ "Wenastacsst FORCONSTRUCTION Pts simpy, ming i so eal enn an be crucial to effective pro- ‘tne of the carly activitics they could not start until ate acs ny e i rd 3-10 Materi The busing of struction works. The ‘requirements and ‘Ther are tems which davings and fabrication befor i ‘material requirements from the bill of ¢ thot dey * ‘The contractor should refer the : arth tine of preparing his i or the jo th basi of petites wath the supplies A Gotan may be obtained fom the dhs nals, a comparative statement ‘classification of the quotations received, listing fie any condition by which may be A. purchasing program for construction prepared according to its priority. nthe ‘hasing program, the materials are likely £0 ther t00 soon with eonsequence of pF sible deterioration or too late deliveries which ¥ dla of the work. . ‘Confasion usually results from delay als of day to day requirements if they hour. The purchasing. program willwith the storekeeper at the ‘where suppliers fail to 1 ‘budget should be a consenatve aid thin the organization toward their nately, this purpose is frequently co Impression and meaning tothe budget as; 1. A control of expenditures subordinates. An attitude thFoudget depends upon the ability ta reasonable degre of accuracy for expenditures with a fixed tions in volume where changes in e tional shifts, building and supervisory Variable rate cost is caleulated as ‘wo points of minimum and maximum 3-12. Budget Preparation ‘The preparation of budget estimate in € vumittee proposition, This is under the ration of a budget serves to familiarize problems involved. With their knowledge ofthe p ing part in seting the goal and im personel give more effectiveplies tothe son tina tem of low value mateial at the constriction activites, pat oot Fo tan ae period and make allowance ane ae eo “yt ea ‘owing major procurement factors: ality of th materials (Quantity of the materials “Time oflvery Pe ofthe mails 1 a 3 4 ‘Te procurement departeat and hi Know and maintain reonds their possible substitute, sources of «quantities availablenumber, description or by its simple but because of specifi. ars from a purchase requisition. It nd when is to be deliversl, Por Sey mand san aid in fling and reply, a traveling requisition is [eanying the usual information on the put~ ih pace forthe word repeat order. This Tr er boueht under contiming contract or those purr jot require quotations from the supplier on is already available to both order, the purchase order form might ‘furnished on our PO No. __ unt expected will likewise be shown as and that ofthe original requis The immediate supervisor's the working place is properly ‘the equipment, scaffoldings and the lke conditions. He should stly see to low the safe working hai. Reyandless of the exact percentage Fela human motivation to work safely isan impo of the foreman and supervisors. Safety cirassing beard. In the original design of place of tools, acident hazards may bel Safety minded project engineer will for safety measures to: | Minimize manual handling 2. Will loeate control and reached safely‘of the plant and construction equip efficient operation and uninterrupted ‘While deterioration of building cannot Tikewise, are subject to wear and A number of engineers feel that in tend to got out of adjustment not only as regular inspections of equipment 1 also because of temperature chanves ‘hat are hereby prevented, They pointed fmachine parts and a host of other causes downs oceur suddenly and without wae the proach of such failures i tise factor as corrosion forms in b ofthe machine, Dirt gradually finds How docs one foresee fractured dive eS of quipment. Moisture seeps into ce raulie val, amit switch that BM tation To cortcrsc \cansfrmer that blows up? These are ‘M equipment, the or bicakdown headache which are dificult iF pFssrbed is proper penidic mainte cure by the inspection medicine. Ths, maintenance inspection must be weighed of cost. Te question is: does an ounce fect a pound of eure, oF does @ pound only an ounce of cure? ‘Where machine and equipmentits i to the continuity ility or item being checked, its importance pee ee to een of the plant and workers and the ; a fi Pin from the first indication of trouble to the actual file General inspection of machinery can be scheduled at intervals of perhaps 3 to 4 months depending upon the volume of service or Operations. Equipment Rental The trend in construction business is to have equipment ted. In very recent years, there has been a Significant g1 ‘quipment as opposed to outright purchase. Tn rental plans for con- struction equipmei materials handling trucks, ant, delivery trucks, and office equipment. Renting equipment offers the advantag lay, no maintenance OF Servicing worries f: Cost fully deductible on income tax ¢| Ness expense, eS of no capital out. or the user, and rental ‘assified as current busi- Whether the long FANE cost of such rentals compared with Ownership is lower : 1s a debatable Point which each Company Tust decide on the Metits of its own Case,