Understanding GIS data

Lesson 2B
Learning objectives
• Describe different types of GIS data and their uses

• Integrate different types of GIS data

GIS Data Formats
There are two formats used by GIS systems
to store and retrieve geographical data:

• Raster

• Vector
GIS data models

Real world Vector Raster

Raster Format
• Data are divided into cell,
pixels, or elements
• Cells are organized in
arrays
• Each cell has a single
value
Vector Format
•Data are associated with points,
lines, or boundaries enclosing
areas
•Points are located by
coordinates
•Lines are described by a series
of connecting vectors
•Areas or polygons are described
by a series of vectors enclosing
the area.
Lesson review
• Vector data models real-world features as
____________, _____________, and ____________.
• The raster data model represents the surface of the earth
as a grid of equally-sized ___________.