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Step by Step Design of 4 Storey Building in Etabs PDF
Step by Step Design of 4 Storey Building in Etabs PDF
Step by Step Design of 4 Storey Building in Etabs PDF
BY STEP PROCEDURE
For modeling & design of
G+4 building
In
ETABS
Computer Help
Vinod Building
Raghvji Road
Gowalia Tank
Mumbai 400 036
Rev Date: May 2012
prakashbbajaj@gmail.com
1 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
3.3 3.3
3.0 2.3 3.3 2.3 3.0
1.15
2.5
1.5
1.5
2.5
1.15
Salient features for creating G+4 Structure in ETABS Following is the plan (all dimensions are in meter)
2 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
1) Set unit to KN M and other values as shown
2) Grid Marking
You can mark key grids in different color as shown.
3 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
Spacing is shown as 1) Ordinate 2) as Spacing. Click on spacing which is more convenient.
G+4 means 6 Level [ 1 for ground + 4 storey + 1 roof slab]
4 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
Storey heights are to be entered as follow
Also it is possible to select number of storey and give desired height as shown below
5 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
You will see following
Various options are to be set as shown below
From Option ‐> Preferences select Concrete Frame Design and select IS Code
6 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
From Shear Wall design select following
For the shear wall Specify Rebar Units as mm^2 and Rebar / Length units as mm^2/mm
(Although in this example we will not be marking shear wall)
7 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
Specify bar sizes as following
.
8 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
Give live load reduction as shown
For 1 storey it is 1, 2 it is .9, 3 it is .8, 4 it is .7 and 5 onward it is .6
Set analysis option as shown below
In this case we are not doing dynamic analysis that’s why it is deselected.
9 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
Material
We will specify new material say M30 Grade concrete.
To enter mass , take the cursor inside box marked Mass per unit Volume and click Shift + Enter key
You will see following, enter the formula for Mass that is Density / 9.81 where 9.81 is gravitational
constant
10 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
Modulus of elasticity
For concrete grade of M30 Young modulus (E Value) = 5000 x 30 ^ 0,5
Grade of concrete M30 in N/mm2
For Reinforcement we will write 415 N/mm2
Please note that automatically units are converted into global units.
You will see following.
11 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
Following Sections will be created
B230x700M30
PB230X450M30
C450X300M30
C600X300M30
To define section click on following
First delete all given section and then define new section.
Next click on Add Rectangular
You will see following
12 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
First we will define the name of the section. For column of depth .6 meter, width .3 meters and grade of
M30 we will specify name as C600x300M30
For material pickup value of M30 from Popup menu, give depth as .6 meter & width as .3 meter. Now
click on reinforcement button.
Replace the values as shown below
1)
Now click on button Reinforcement
You will see following. Click the buttons as shown
13 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
Cover to reinforcement is taken as 60 mm (40 mm clear cover + 8 mm stirrup + 25/2 = 60.5 mm say 60
mm)
No of bars in 3 direction is taken as 3 and number of bars in 2 dir is taken as 5 (assuming spacing of 100
mm). Every time you have to click Add Rectangular to add new Column or Beam.
Next we will define one beam section
Click on reinforcement
14 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
Cover is assume as 25 + 8 + 16/2 say 41 mm say 40 mm that is .04 meter or you can enter value as 40
mm also.
Next we will define area section.
You will see following
Click on Add New Slab
Slab is given as Membrane 125 mm thick and grade M30
Add the values as shown below
15 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
Similarly we will add Slab property for slab. Since this slab will be used for Stair case, we will take this
as one way slab.
We will consider stair case slab thickness as 175 mm thick, grade of M30 and one way.
Enter the values as shown below
16 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
Marking of columns
We will mark column from base to storey 3 as one size (That is column of 600 x 300 ) and from storey 4
to storey 6 is of other size that is 450 x 300
In ETABS there is concept of similar storey. Where by stories can be group accordingly. When similar
storey option is on, data entered for one level is copied into all similar storey.
To specify similar storey for column, select following
Edit‐>Edit Story Data‐> Edit story
So we will change Storey data as shown below
Now we will mark the columns as shown below
To create the column click on icon as shown below
You will see following
17 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
Here you can select column size from Popup menu. Also angle and also x offset & y offset can be
specified, if column is not located at grid point.
Make sure that OSNAP command is on
18 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
When you click on this sign and line labels is on you can see the column no.
Column can be renumbered by using Edit ‐> Auto RELABEL ALL
For the beam, beam sizes for plinth level will be different, and for all other level it will be of same size.
Accordingly Storey data is changed as following
Beam at plinth level
19 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
After marking of beam mark slab using
You can Use of replicate & mirror command to mirror the slabs
Mirror about orange line
20 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
You can use view by color of sections to view columns having different section.
21 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
Assigning Diaphragms
Slabs are from First to roof level.
Similar storey option should on. Go to Select –By Area Object Type and select slab and then assign
Diaphragms.
In Plinth area there is no slab so select all beams and columns. Assign diaphragms to joint.
Assign diaphragms to joint and to shell area
22 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
Make sure only one storey is selected
It is good idea to select all the points at base level and <delete> them. This will remove any fictitious
point. Next select all point and use following
23 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
(In case if you don’t see fix support marks just scroll the middle mouse key, figure will get regenerated.
24 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
Primary Load cases
25 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
Similarly for Y Direction EQY
Time period = .09 x 17.1 / sqr(10.3) = .4795
WIND X
Similarly wind Y (Wind direction angle = 90)
26 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
Loads on slabs
We will consider following loads on slab
From Ground floor to fourth floor slab we will take live load as 2 Kn/sqmt and floor finish of 1.5
Kn/sqmt. This will be under SIDL (super imposed dead load case)
For roof slab we will take live load as 1.5 Kn/Sqmt and floor finish including water proofing we will take
load of 2.5 Kn/sqmt
For the stair case slab we will take live load as 3 Kn/sqmt and finish load as 2.5 kn/sqmt
For this storey data will be changed as shown below
27 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
LIV E LOAD
SIDL
(make sure that for stair case you assign different load (SIDL = 2.5 and LL =3 Kn/Sqmt)
28 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
Loads on the beam
For the purpose of this exercise all the wall thickness is assumed to be 230 mm , plaster of 24 mm (12
mm on both side) Wall height for ground level will be 3.5 ‐ .7 = 2.8 meter (.7 is the depth of beam at
level above)
For all other floors wall height will be 2.9 ‐ .7 = 2.2 meter
For terrace floor wall height will be taken as 1 meter for external beam.
Total load due to wall on beam is as follow
Ground floor = 2.8 x (.23 + .024) x 20 = 14.224 Kn/Rm
First to fourth floor = 2.2 x (.23+.024) x 20 = 11.176 Kn/Rm
Terrace beam = 1 x (.23+.024) x 20 = 4.508 Kn/Rm
Story level information is changed to suit above requirement
29 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
Also by right clicking on any beam you can number of information.
30 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
31 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
Load at terrace level
At terrace level beam indicates below are having uniform load of 4.508 Kn/mt
Other is part load (shown within ellipse) and rest are internal beams having no SIDL
To specify part load say for beam shown below
32 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
You can draw dimension lines to find out distances.
First use Draw ‐> Dimension line and mark the dimension as shown
Select the desired beam and assign load as shown
33 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
Specify the trapezoidal load of 4.508 from distance 3.65 to 5.15 meter
You can select only that beam and select View ‐> Show selection only
In 3d you will see loads as shown in figure
Define the mass source for seismic loads
34 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
Next you can specify various load combinations
35 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
Standard load combinations are as follow
Dead Load
Sr. Live Seismic Seismic
(Self SIDL Wind X Windy
No Load X Y
Weight)
1 1.5 1.5 1.5
2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2
3 1.2 1.2 1.2 ‐1.2
4 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2
5 1.2 1.2 1.2 ‐1.2
6 1.5 1.5 1.5
7 1.5 1.5 ‐1.5
8 1.5 1.5 1.5
9 1.5 1.5 ‐1.5
10 0.9 0.9 1.5
11 0.9 0.9 ‐1.5
12 0.9 0.9 1.5
13 0.9 0.9 ‐1.5
36 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
Working Combinations
Dead Load
Seismic Seismic
(Self SIDL Live Load Wind X Windy
X Y
Weight)
1 1 1 1
2 1 1 1 1
3 1 1 1 ‐1
4 1 1 1 1
5 1 1 1 ‐1
6 1 1 1
7 1 1 1
8 1 1 1
9 1 1 ‐1
10 1 1 1 1
11 1 1 1 ‐1
12 1 1 1 1
13 1 1 1 ‐1
14 1 1 1
15 1 1 1
16 1 1 1
17 1 1 ‐1
This combination is for example considered. There can be many more combination depending on
primary load cases.
It is also possible for ETABS to generate load combinations
37 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
When you check Convert to User Combination, than it will be possible to change the name and values of
combinations.
38 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
Following combinations are generated
Seismic Seismic
Sr No Desc DL SIDL LL WindX WIndY X Y
1 UCON1 1.5 1.5
2 UCOn2 1.5 1.5 1.5
3 UCON3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2
4 UCON4 1.2 1.2 1.2 ‐1.2
5 UCON5 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2
6 UCON6 1.2 1.2 1.2 ‐1.2
7 UCON7 1.5 1.5 1.5
8 UCON8 1.5 1.5 ‐1.5
9 UCON9 1.5 1.5 1.5
10 UCON10 1.5 1.5 ‐1.5
11 UCON11 0.9 0.9 1.5
12 UCON12 0.9 0.9 ‐1.5
13 UCON13 0.9 0.9 1.5
14 UCON14 0.9 0.9 ‐1.5
15 UCON15 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2
16 UCON16 1.2 1.2 1.2 ‐1.2
17 UCON17 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2
18 UCON18 1.2 1.2 1.2 ‐1.2
19 UCON19 1.5 1.5 1.5
20 UCON20 1.5 1.5 ‐1.5
21 UCON21 1.5 1.5 1.5
22 UCON22 1.5 1.5 ‐1.5
23 UCON23 0.9 0.9 1.5
24 UCON24 0.9 0.9 ‐1.5
25 UCON25 0.9 0.9 1.5
26 UCON26 0.9 0.9 ‐1.5
Here combinations generated are 26. 1st combination that is 1.5 UDL + 1.5 SIDL will never be critical.
This completes the Data
39 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
Before running the analysis check the model
Check all the boxes and click on ok
If there is no error you will get following
40 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
Before analyzing select analysis options as shown below. For this example we don’t want dynamic
Analysis
Now analyze the mouse
After analysis is over click on File ‐> Last Analysis Run Log…
Check the log and make sure there are no warnings. If 3D View is on you will see following
41 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
Clicking on button shown above will show you deformation for various load cases.
If you want to see deflection diagram for load combinations also then, click on icon as shown
42 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
And select
UCon1 anU click on OK
Now clicking on arrow key at bottom right will show you deflection for various load combinations.
Now to see bending moments in beam and columns, click on show member forces / stress diagram
Select the load case and moment 3‐3
43 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
You will see following
44 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
You can select any elevation and view the Bending moment diagram
45 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
You can right click on any member and view load distribution, shear, moment and deflection for the
selected beam.
46 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
Designing beams & columns
After analysis you can design beams and columns. Before designing make sure that unit is changed to
mm (so area of reinforcement will be shown as mm2
If CLR (clear) button is active then click it and make sure nothing is selected (Otherwise design will be
done only for selected elements)
To start the design select following
Program will start designing.
You can select any elevation and view the results
47 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
You can view other information like % of reinforcement, shear reinforcement etc.
48 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
To get the detail design right click on any element and then click on Envelop
49 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
You will see the complete design detail as shown below
50 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
51 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
Additional Notes
Response Spectrum
52 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
After defining spectra function
Click on response Spectrum cases
53 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
Similarly define spectra Y
54 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
Since spectra case is added delete all the load combination and recreate new combinations
55 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
This will create new combinations
You will see more load cases, including spectra cases
56 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
From analysis option make sure Dynamic option is on, also number of modes to start with can be 11
Now execute the program
Now check the model participation ration
57 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
Make sure 90% participation is achieved
Next we have to compare Shear due to Spectra and earth quake
58 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
Select the load cases as shown
In case of Eqx force shear is 462.93 at bottom and spectra x is 253.28 so spectra scale has to be enhance
by 462.93/253.28 = 1.827 , similarly Y spectra scale has to be enhanced by 462.93 / 249.28 = 1.853
Unlock the design and enhance by 1.827 times so value will be .981 x 1.827 = 1.792
59 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
Similarly enhance spectra Y by 1.853, so final value will be .981 x 1.853 = 1.817
Now execute program again and compare the value for spectra & earth quake forces which should
match
Since we are doing by IS Standard remove special effect
60 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building
61 Salient feature for preparing data for G+4 Storey building