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    Us2460707 PDF

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    Angela0220

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Patented Feb. 1, 1949 UNITED STATES 2,460,707 PATENT OFFICE 01 ELECTROTHERAPEUTIC APPARATUS ‘Thomas M, Moray, Salt Lake C:y, Ula Appiteation Apri 80,194, Seria No, 485,12 S claims, (C1. 28—a21) ‘This invention relates to electrotherapeutic apparatus, and to methods of applying electrical, dloactive, and other radiant phenomena thera- peutically. “The invention ts primarily concerned with the ‘use of high potential, high troquency electricity though not necessarily limited thereto, in con- Jimetion with radionctive and other types of elec- ‘tronjo and radiation phenomena, for therapeutic P urposes. ‘Among the objects of the invention are the fol- lowing: First.—To render highly effective, trom a thera peutie standpoint, radioactive and other types \Of electronic and radiation phenomena, nnd, like- ‘wise, to render highly effective, from a therapeutic standpotat, high potential, high frequency elec- tricity. ‘Second.—To augment the therapeutic effect of radioactive and other types of electronie snd radiation phenomens by the conjoint use of high potential high frequeney electricity, and, con ‘versely, to augment the therapeutic effect of high Frequency, high potential electricity by the con- Joint Use of radioactive and other types of elec tronic and radiation phenomena. _ Thitd—To accomplish the above without dan- ger of burning or of otherwise harming the pa- ent. ‘Fourth—To provide apparatus for accompllsh~ ing the above, which is relatively simple in con- struction and operation and relatively Inexpensive to produce and operate. Fisth—To provide nevel electronic and radio active devices especially adapted for use In con- Junction with high potential, high frequency elec- ‘ricel therapy. Thave found thet, by enveloping a patient in high potential, high frequency electrical fleld in ‘such & manner that no closed circuit is completed through his body, radiocctive and other electronic ‘and radiation phenomena can be used therapeu- tically with considerably greater effectiveness than if used alone, “The exact reason for this is not known, nor is it known dedinilely which, the leetrie field or the radioactive phenomena, acts tupon the other to produce the advantageous re- sults, It Is thought, however, that the electric fleld, permeating the body of the pationt as it does, attracts the radiosetlve emanations or radl- ‘ations and enables them to penetrate considerably deeper into the tissues and vita? organs of the patient than would otherwise be the ease. In any event, remarkable therapeutic results have been ‘achieved by use of the invention in the treatment of malignant tumors, arthritis, sinus Infections, ‘and various other diseased conditions. ‘The invention contemplates the. use, in thera peuties, of high potential, high frequency eles- tricity to produce diversified forms of radiant en- ergy, such forms belng those which have beem found best evlted, individually, to benefit various human ailments, In accomplishing this purpose, several special discharge tubes have been devel- oped to serve as treatment electrodes, by means of which correspondingly different curative re- sults are obtained. Throughout the practice of the invention, a prime consideration is that only fone terminal of any particular circult shall be tn. contact with = patient's body at one time, 30 there will be no flow of current through closed, . Buch ‘a terminal, too, is usvs there is no danger of burning. In cases where there is a tendency for a tube to produce X-rayz of other injurious rays, these are filtered out, ‘The present application constitutes a continua- ‘tion in part of a copending application fled: by me November 15, 1940, which bears Serial No 365,798 and is entitled “Method of and device for ‘the therapeutic application of electric currents and rays.” and which has now become aban- doned, Jn the accompanying drawings, which illus trate several embodiments of ap;iaratus preferred for carrying the method of the invention into practice: Fig. 1 represents a wiring diegram of a pre- ferred embodiment of apparatus for carrying out the method of the invention in general thera peutic work, several independent treatment sta- tons being provided; Fig. 2, 8 top plan view of the novel coroaa regulator of Fig. 1, employed in the clreuit to control and adjust the current and as « governor to safeguard the transformer; Fig. 3, a vertical section taken on the line 32. Pig.2; ‘Fig. 4, a vertical section teken centrally through ‘one novel type of discharve tube used as x treat- ‘ment electrode in the apparatus of Fig. 1; Fig, §, © horizontal section taken on the tine o5,F¢. Pig. 6, a vertical section tatren centrally through ‘another novel type of discharge tube used asa treatment electrode in the apparatus of Fig. 1; Pig. 7, « horizontal section taken on the line 1, ‘Pig. 8,8 vertical section taken centrally through 2,460,707 ‘2 novel discharge tube used as a treating device 1n the apparatus of Fig. 2; Fig, 9, a horizontal section taken on the line oP. Fig. 10, & fragmentary vertical section taken on theline (@—18, Pigs 8 and Fig. 11, « fragmentary view in vertical section, and drawn to a reduced scale, of a tub bath sapable of use as @ treatment station in the ap- paratus of Fig, 1; Fig. 12, 9 view stmilar to that of Pig. 11, but showing & shower or vapor bath arrangement for ‘the some purpos Pig. 13, a wiring diagram similar to that Dlus- trated fa Fig. 1, but fragmentary fn nature, and of @ somewhat different embodiment of appara~ tus; Fig. 14, an elevation, partly in central vertical section, of a novel tube used in the apparatus of Fig. 13 in place of the corona regulator of Figs. und 3; Fig. 15, a top plan view, partly in horizontal section on the line (815, Pig. 14, of the tube of Fig. 1 Fig. 16, a vertical section of another novel tube which may be used in place of the tube of Piss. Mand 15; Fig. 17, a vertical section taken on the line 1 of Fig. 1 Fig. 18, a top plan view of still another novel tube Which may be used tn place of the tubes of Figs, 14 and 15 and of Figs. 16 and 17; and Fig, 19, a vertical section taken on the line 1919 of Fig. 18. Tn accordance with the invention, provision is made for enveloping the patient in a high po- tential and, in certain Instances, a high frequency eiectric field, and for applsing to the patient, ‘while go enveloped in the electrie field, radiations fand emanations having therapentic value. ‘The apparatus of Pig. 1 is cnpable of adminis- tering various specie kinds of treatment, pursu- ant to the invention, at the several treatment sta tions provided. ‘The treatment stations are indl- cated A, B, C, D, and E, respectively. For supplying ‘the high potential electric field, suitable transformer fs employed. ‘This may be of any type capable of delivering high potential electricity, say from 10,000 to 80,000 volts. “Tt ts, preferred, however, to utilize 8 conventionel dou- ble magnetle clreust type of transformer, indl- estes [as] Slip irae ineving Talore ier ame nated, magnetic shunts (not shown), the trans- former being connected across an ordinary power line I! charged with the customary 115 v. The output lines 12 from this transformer advante- geously extend to the treatment stations A and B, respectively. The frst secondary of the trans- former 10 is preferably direct connected to the second secondary thereof. It ts noted that this high potential electricity may be applied, with- cout causing injury, direct to a patient who is not, grounded, However, in order to salcguard the transformer 10 from damage by sparking across its output terminals, and to render the high po- tential electricity more suitable for therapeutic purposes, which 1s believed to include the auto- metic changing of the frequency to an extent which depends upon electrics! characteristics of the patient's body, 3 governor or control device 14 4s shunted across the leads 12 ‘This governor or control device 14 1s a sparking condenser of high capacity embodying mult!- tude of spark gaps. A preferred embodiment of this governor or control device 14 is illustrated in detail in Pigs. 2 and 3. ‘As illustrated, the device comprises a cylindri- cal, electrically ‘conductive plate 18 surrounded by a cylindrical dielectric 16, An outer cylindri- eal and electrically conductive element 11 sur- rounds the dielectric 18 exteriorty, It is provided with @ multitude (for example, 250) of inwardly extending prongs Ia, which are advantageously formed by stamping out, and inturning, triangu~ lar portions of the elcetricaliy conductive element . ‘The internal plate 15 preferably contacts the Interior surface of the dielectric 16, but, in any event, should le closely adjacent thereto, Like- ‘ise, the tips of the prongs {1a preferably con- tact the outer surface of the dielectric, ‘The sev= erul elements are advantageously mounted tn a plug-in base 4a, which ts adapted to mate with ‘a sultable recelving socket (not shown) carrying ‘the required electrical connections. ‘The internal plate (8 connects with one of the electric lines (2, while the external element 17 connects with the other electric line 12, a8 shown diagrammati- cally in Fig. 1. Tt Is preferable that the dielectric (6 be in the form of a closed tube or envelope, as shown, end be exhausted to vacuum condition. The multi- tude of sparking prongs {Ta product a brush dis- charee. ‘Where the dlelectric (6 is not a closed tube or envelope, it Is preferred that it be of quartz, ‘The treatment station A is a discharge tube of ‘a novel type, exemplified by the tubes illustrated in detail in Figs. 4 and 5 and Figs, 6 and. Either tube fs plugged into the eircult of Pig. 1 at a sult ably provided. single-terminal outlet, High po- tential elec city fs, therefore, fed directly into the tube, wich serves as an electrode. The tube tlso embodies radiosctive material, whfch sup- plies radicactive emarations to the patient ai- multaneously with the e:setrical discharge. ‘As illustrated in Figs. 4 and §, the tube or elec- trode may comprise an electrically conductive discharge element 20, having supporting stem 20a and a major discherge cap or head 200, wisich fs preferably in the form of @ thin, convex-con~ cave plate, ‘The head 20 may be spot welded to ‘the end of the stem 20a, "The discharge clement 20 ts enclosed within = tube 21 of dielectric material, preferably glass, the stem 20a being fixed in the fused tongue por- ton 21a of the tube, ‘The tube or shell 2 Is Ntted into an insuln:ing base 22, provided with a single plug-in terminal 2%, and an electrical connector ‘24 extends from the terminal 23 to the stem 20a, ‘The inside eurfaces of the side walls of the tube xr shel! 21 are coated with a radioactive material, sat 25, The coating ts conventently made from uranium selts or powdered camnotite or other radioactive ore. ‘The ends of the tube or shell are left wricoated. ‘Air is evacuated from the tube 21, and a small ‘quantity of mercury introduced, The mercury ts preferably triple-distilled to insure great purity. tts preferred that argon or like inert gas be also introduced. ‘Since the tube frist described ts plugged into the circult of Pig. 1, the discharge element or cathode 20 is charsed with high potential electricity, and, fm Its capacity of 8 treatment station in the ap- paratus of Fig. 1, serves as an electrode to simi- Intly charge the patient. ‘The patient is insulated from the ground, and the tube is applied directly to the aflicted part of his body, preferably in close contact with the body. 9,403,707 ‘Because of the construction of the tube, radia~ tlon of a radioactive nuture ts also directed Senin the patient through the uncoated top end of the tube. This radiation has been found iter smerbet from tne vatonctive emnetions dlscharging from the side walls of the tube, and fs thought to comprise rays lying close to X-rays on the radiation spectrum. ‘These rays appear to have a definite hesling value, and to lack the n= Jurlous rature of X-rays. Where a predominant- iy radioactive emanation treatment is desired, the side walls of the tube are placed against the body of the patient. ‘Best results are obtained when the discharge element or cathode 20 1s made of an alloy metal compounded from copper, lead, sulphur, and, If desired, aluminum. ‘The relative percentages of the several ingredients may vary considerably, but @ satisfactory misture comprises 5.0% cop- er, 85.0% lead, 80.0% sulphur, and 10.0% alu- minum. ‘Should aluminum not'be used, the dif- ference may be made up by additional copper. In prepering the alloy, the copper and aluml- num are heated to a molten state, after which the salphur fe added while stirring’ the mixture. After cooling, the mass is agaic melted, and the Yead, 2 9 molten state, is mixed with tt, the molfen msss being thoroughly stirred. ‘This new mass 1s then cooled, being later reheated, and, ‘while hot, rolled to make it ductile, so tt can he shaped into the desired forms. ‘The discharge tube or electrode of Figs. 6 and 7 4s similar to that of Figs. 4 and 8, having an enclosing tube or shell 26 which Is evacunted. A cathode discharge element 21 is rositioned with- in the shell, being fixed in the tongue portion 26a, ‘A.conductor 28 connects the stem 21a of the ele- ment 27 with a plug-in terminal 28, which ex- tends outwardly of the base 30. ‘The eap or head. 210 of the element 21 eiffers from the cap oF hend 200 of the electrode of Figs. 4 and 5, in that, it ts spherical in form and hollow. Tt has an opening 3t formed at its top, contigucus with the top inside surface of the tube 26. A quantity 432 of radioactive material, which may be the same as used for the coating 25 of the electrode of Figs. 4 and §, fs introduced into the tube or shell 26, along with a relatively small quantity of mercury, before the tube is sealed tight, Such material 32 is preferanly powdered or granulated, and Is shaken Into the hollow of the head 21D through the opening 81 before ang given treat ment fs commenced. The mercury ts provided primarily as a getter, and does no barm if shalzen Into the head 21% along with the radioactive substance. The mercury also teads to produce fa vapor In the tube, which aids in the operation thereof. As In the case of the electrode {ube of Figs, 4 end 5, this tube may have a radioactive coating 33 covering the inner surfaces of its side walls. ‘The treatment station B of Fig. 1 differs from the treatment station A only in the fact that a. condenser 34 13 interposed in the electric sup- ply line #2. ‘The treatment station C of Fig. 1 differs trom the stations A and B only in the fact that the ‘igh Potential electricity 1s supplied from the supp'y line #2 through an inductance 38, ‘The treatment stat‘on D utilizes » germicidal scharge tube, a preferred form of which ts fllus~ trated in detail In Figs. 8, 9, and 10. The high potential electricity 1s taken’ by Induction from She particular supply line 12 concerned. For this ‘purpose, an Induction coll 34 4s provided, tapping ‘the line {2 at 31. A pair of leads 38 from an ordl- nary 115 v. supply source extend to a plug-in ‘socket connection for the germicidal tube, one of the leads passing throuzh a glass tube 3ta, Fig. 1, which is disposed within and extends along. the length of the induction coll 36. ‘Thus, high potential electricity 1s impressed, by induction, upon the ordinary current flowing through the articulsr lead 38 concerned, ‘The germicidal dischorge tube of Figs. 8, 9, and. 10 has a palr of discharge terminals a, respectively, posttione| tn an evacuated tube of envelope #2, and electrically connected with plug- tn termineis 40—( and respectively, by means of stems 40a and 41a, respectively. ‘The tube or envelope 42 and plug-in terminals are mounted in a conventional base 43. It is pre- ferred that insulating material 44, such as & ceramic sleeve, cover the major portions of the stems 40a end #la. A piece of Iithtum metal 48, ee particularly Fig. 10, ls advantageously secured to the stem 48a adjacent the discharge terminal 40 to nctas m getter. It may, however, be placed at any other convenient location in the tube. It 4s preierred that the discharge terminals 40 and 41 be formed of the special alloy previously de- seribed. Argon or other sultable inert gas is preferably injected into the tube or envelope 42, sis, also, a small quantity of mercury. ‘The mer- ccury, by vaporizing, alds electrical arcing between the discharge terminals, As will be noted, the high potential electricity induced tn the one lead ‘28 will manifest at the upper discharge terminal 0, and will charge the patient. simultaneously ‘ith the discharge into his body of germleldal rags trom the tube, ‘The treatment station E embodies the tube of Figs. 8, 9, and 10, as above described, but im- presses the high potential electricity directly on ‘the patient instead of passing It frst through the tube, For this purpose, a discharge device in the form of a soft, floxible pad in whlch a 5t—1 ts embedded, taps one of the high potential electric lines 12. ‘This pad 50 Is wrapped around the patient's body adJacent the afllted portion therecf, thus charging the patient. Any other electrode capable of charging the patient with high potential electricity may be used in place of the pad 80, ‘The germicidal tube hes its ter- minals 40—1 and 41—1 plugged into o suitable plug-in socket connected to leads 82 which extend to.an ordinary 115 v. source of supply. ‘The high. Potential electricity with which the patient is ‘charged is induced into the germicidal tube, there- by further activitating the discharge therefrom. A certain: beneficial discharge from this germlct- dal tube will be had by induced activation alone, it being unnecessary, In such Instances, to plug the tube into the 118’, line. ‘Other types of gormicidal and discharge tubes ‘may be used in place of the tube of Figs. 8,9, and 10, as, for instance, the well known Infra-red and ultra-violet lamps, to produce results surpassing those ordinarily attained by the use of such infra- red or ultra-violet lamps apart from the appa- ratus of the invention. It should be remembered that the patient ts owe from the ground while being treated at any lof the treatment stations of the invention. Pike. 11 and 12 show how a patient ts treated, pursuant to the invention, while immersed in an electrically conductive fluid beth. In Fig. 11, «, bath tub §3 ts insulated from the ground by a, SAHIN Jayer of Insulation 64. A treatment. electrode of the type shown in any of the figure groups’ 4 and §,6 and 7, ard 8, 9, anid 10 1s positioned to charge the fluid of the bath with high potential electricity, as well as to discharge healing radis tlons and emanations into the patient. ‘The par- ticular electrove illustrated is diagrammatic in form and is designated $5. Tt may be connected into the circuit of Fig. 1 as shown at any of the treatment stations A,B, C, and D. In Fig. 12, fa shower or vapor stall 68 is inrulated from the ground by # layer of insulation 61. A plurality of testment electrodes are designated 58, re- spectively. These correspond to the treatment electrode 8$ of Fig. 11. A water spray or vapor, such gs steam, may be admitted to the: stall in any well known manner (not shown), thus ehveloping the patient during treatment. ‘Another embociment of apparatus, pursuant to the invention, fs ilusirated diagrammatically by the wiring diagram of Fig. 13. While no treat- ment stations are shown, those provided are iden- Heal ‘ith the several treatment stations desig- nated A, B, C, D, and Hin Fig. 1. ‘The distine- tion in this embodiment of apparatus resides tn. the fact that a special generator of high fre- quency electricity Is provided in the system. ‘A transformer 60 has its input terminals con- nected across an ordinary 115 v. electric power Ine 61. Electrical conductors 62 and 63 ead from the respective output terintnals of the trans~ former to a high frequency generator of the ‘Oudin coil type, indicated generally at 64, a var~ fable condenser 65 being interposed in the line 2 nnd the circuit being grounded at 66. Out- put conductors 61 and 68, leading from the high frequency generator 64, provide connections for the several treatment stations in the same man- ner as (ustrated in Fig. 1. ‘The transformer 60 mas be any ordinary high voltage type, A governor or control device 68 is shunted across the conductors 6? and 63. ‘In the illustrated instance, the governor or control device €8 preferably takes the form of a vacuum tube, having the construction chown by Figs. 14 and 15, Figs. 16 end 17, or Pigs. 18 and 1. ‘These tubes all possess high capetity, and include elements effecting @ brush ‘ischarge. ‘They serve, as does the device (4 of Pigs. 2 and 3. ‘The tube of Fins. 14 and 15 embodies en outer shell oF envelope 10 of insulating materint such as glass, a plastic, oF fiber coated with seller, Inside the shell 10 is a bl-cylindrical element 11 formed of electrically conductive material. Sep- rating element Tl from the enclosing shell 10 fare spacers 12 made of rubber, Bakelite, or other Insulating materiat, Inter-fitiing with the ele~ ment Tl'Is a second electrically conductive. bi- cylindrical element 13, the two elements being separated by a dielectric 14, Inwardly of the element 18, and separated therefrom by © al- electric 18, 1g a corrugated, cylindrical element 16. The shell or envelope 10 is securec in am insulating base 10—t, provided with plug-in ter~ minals. One of the terminals, designated 11, is flectrically connected with the element 11, while another, designated 1, ts electrically connected ‘with the corrugated element 16. ‘These two ter- Ininals connect with the conductors 62 and 63, as, filustrated in Fig. 13, and the brush discharge takes place at element 78. ‘Under certain circumstances, its desirable that the outer shell 10 be made of quartz glass, and thet a fllament 18 be provided, the filarsen” being heated by connection, through plug-in terminals €0.and 81,.with a: source of low voltage heating current (not shown). Plug-in terminal ' 82, which 1s electrically connected. with element: 78, may be used Instead of or in connection with the ‘terminal 11, since element 18 acts in a manner similar to clement Tl. A getter 83 of sultable miaterial, and an fnsulating and reflecting shield 88 may be provided, as shown. While the tube may have elther a ligh or # low vacuum condi~ tion, or may be filled with an inert gas, Y have also’ found It advantageous to fil! the tube with a.molst taper. The tube acts as an oscillator for electric currents, and has am enormou’ cs pacity, a capecity many times that of a condenser of approximately equal size. 16 and 17 comprises an outer ‘which may be made of metal, ‘This shell ts mounted tn. Inside the shell 85 is a lass, or fused quai an insulating base 86. metal plate 81, and. spaced apart therefrom, a corrugated metal rlate #8. A plug-in terminal 88, which extends fzoun the bate, Is electrically connected with the plate 81, and a second plug-in, termini 90 is electrically connected with the cor= rugated plate 88. These terminals are adapted to connect, through a sultable socket, with the trical conductors 62 and 63 of Fig. 13. ‘Under certain conditions of use, It fs desirable to have other elements in the tube. ‘These are provided, and may be utilized or not as occasion warrants, A filament 61 is disposed between the plates 87 and 8, ts electrically connected with the tro plug-in terminals $2 and 9%, whicly are adapted to be connected to a source of low voltage heating current (not shown). A slit. screen, comprising shiclds $4 and 48, with apertures extending therethrough, is disposed adjacent that side of corrugated plate 88 which 1s remote from plate 87. The apertures 66 are in al'gnment with, each other, atd the shields 84 and 85 are made ‘of lead or other material capable of screening off X-rays. Between shields 04 and 96 is a sheet ‘ST of material which is readily permerble to X-rays, Within the shell #8 there is also mount- fea a shell of envelope 88 of glase, quartz gas fr similar material, having n portion 98a whic! is ground Mke « lens und directed toward the siubscreen, ‘This shell 88 really constitutes a tube within a tube. A Dlament or cathode 8, com- prising electrleally conductive lees 88q and $90 ‘and an electroa-emitting portion 98¢, i disposed ‘within the shell $8, plug-in terminals 100 and 01 being electrically connected to the respective tes 98a end $80, A bombardment element 102 4s disposed within the shell $8 opposite the por- tlon 88¢ of eathod. 89, Within the shell $6, but outside the shell $8, is a reflector 108 dlrected ‘toward the sit sereen. ‘The tube of Fics. 18 and 19 Is essentially the same as the tuve of Figs. 16 and 17, being equipped with a shell or envelope 108, a 108, a plate 107, and a corrugated plate the two plates being connected to plug-in ter- minals 109 and 110, respectively, which are ‘adapted to connect electrically with the con- ductors 62 and 62 of Fig. 13. There is a fis ment (1 and an Inner shell or enveiope 112, Dut no slit sereen, Instesd of a Jens portion being provided on the inner shell 112, a partition 118 of Tens forsnation is disposed between the inner shell and the corrugated plate 108. Tt is fused to the walls of the outer shell (08. Within the inner shell 112 is = filament or cathode 118, which corresponds to the similar element #9 of 2,400,707 the tube of Figs. 16 and 17. A reflector 118 ts directed toward the tens partition 113. Reverting now to Fig. i, there is another ad~ vantageour way of treating « patlent pursoant to the invention. As shown at ¥, a foot pedestal 120 may be provided for making the patient o part of & condenser. The pedestal comprises an electrically conductive piste element or electrode W21, connected electrically with one of the high rotential lines 12, and covered by an insulating platform {22 upon which the patient rests his feet while being treated at any of the previously Geseribed treatment stations A, B, C. D, or E. ‘The electrode 121 avi insulating platform 122 ere ‘entiy mounted in a frame 123, which insulates the plate from the ground, ‘The insu- Ieting platform 122 Is mede of x hich quality insulating material, such as first, grade hard rubber. In certain instances it Is desirable that the device be made in other than foot-pedestal form, For instance, it may be of cylindrical formation for use In'a bed against any past of the patient's body. Ir desired, the patient may be charged with the high potential electricity by disect contact with a metal or electrically couductive electrode in place of the pad §0 of treatment station E, or of the tube electrodes, ‘The invention has been described in the fore- going with sole reference to Its use for there- peutle purposes, Tt should be noted, however, that inorganic matter.mag also be treated to ‘advantage pursuant to the method and with the fapbaratus of the invention. Tt has been found that metas, for example, iad, Rave, changed physical properties after treatment in accord- ince with the above. In instances where the in- vention is not being used therapeutically, st is not Always necessary to Insulate the subject from the ground. ‘Whereas this invention is here illustrated and described with respect to particule: specific em- odiments thereof, tt is to be understood that various changes miay be limde in such specific ‘embodiments and various other embodiments may be ulilized by thoce skilled in the art with- ‘out departing from the

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