REVIEW ARTICLE

Natural fibers have been widely used nowadays, as they are environment friendly, renewable,
biodegradable and require less energy to process. Natural fibers comprised to different layer of
cellulose and hemi-cellulose of different thickness, which is built on array of cellulose based
crystalline structures called microfibrils. Natural fibers composed to thick cell walls that cause
structure to be stiff and strong. Cell wall contains primary and secondary wall layers and each
layers contain lignin, cellulose, hemicelluloses and their content varies from fiber to fiber. Most
of the mechanical and chemical properties depend on chemical composition, cellular microfibilar
angle in the cell wall layers. Nowadays natural fibers are used in every field of engineering
because of their ability to resist corrosion and abrasion, low cost, low density of composite
material and highly improved mechanical properties. In spite of these merits natural fibers
composite lacks some properties like hydrophilic nature causes susceptible to moisture and hence
swelling of composite in moisture content environment which is common, low melting point
which makes them very vulnerable to fire and most of the natural fiber can’t be used where
temperature reaches to more than 200C.