Signals and Systems

2 SIGNALS & SYSTEMS
YEAR 2013 ONE MARK
MCQ 2.1 A band-limited signal with a maximum frequency of 5 kHz is to be sampled.

According to the sampling theorem, the sampling frequency which is not valid
is
(A) 5 kHz (B) 12 kHz
(C) 15 kHz (D) 20 kHz
MCQ 2.2 For a periodic signal v ^ t h = sin t+ cos t + sin ^ t+p h, the fun-
damental frequency in rad/s
(A) 100 (B) 300
(C) 500 (D) 1500
A
Two systems with impulse responses h1 ^ t h and h ^ t h are connected in cascade.
I
MCQ 2.3
Then the overall impulse response of the cascaded system is given by
D
(A) product of h1 ^ t h and h ^ t h
(B) sum of h1 ^ t h and h ^ t h
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(C) convolution of h1 ^ t h and h ^ t h .in
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(D) subtraction of h ^ t h from h1 ^ t h dia.
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MCQ 2.4
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Which one of the following statements is NOT TRUE for a continuous time
causal and stable LTI system?
(A) All the poles of the system must lie on the left side of the jω axis
(B) Zeros of the system can lie anywhere in the s-plane
(C) All the poles must lie within s = 1
(D) All the roots of the characteristic equation must be located on the left side
of the jω axis.
MCQ 2.5 The impulse response of a system is h ^ t h = tu ^ t h. For an input u ^t − 1h, the
output is
t ^t − 1h
(A) t u ^ t h u ^t − 1h
2
(B)
2 2
^t − 1h2
u ^t − 1h (D) t − 1 u ^t − 1h
2
(C)
2 2
YEAR 2013 TWO MARKS
MCQ 2.6 The impulse response of a continuous time system is given by

h ^ t h = d ^t − 1h + d ^t − 3h. The value of the step response at t = is
(A) 0 (B) 1
(C) 2 (D) 3
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YEAR 2012 ONE MARK
MCQ 2.7 If x n = n
− n
u n then the region of convergence (ROC) of its z
-transform in the z -plane will be
(A) 1 < z < 3 (B) 1 < z < 1
3 3 2
(C) 1 < z < 3 (D) 1 < z
2 3
MCQ 2.8 The unilateral Laplace transform of f (t) is . The unilateral Laplace
s +s+
transform of tf (t) is
(A) − 2 s (B) − 2 2s + 1 2
(s + s + 1) 2 (s + s + 1)
(C) 2 s (D) 2 2s + 1 2
(s + s + 1) 2 (s + s + 1)
YEAR 2012 TWO MARKS
MCQ 2.9 Let y n denote the convolution of h n and g n , where h n = ( ) n u n and

g n is a causal sequence. If y = and y = , then g equals
(A) 0 (B) 1/2
A
(C) 1 (D) 3/2
I
MCQ 2.10 The Fourier transform of a signal h (t) is H (jω) = ( cos ω) (sin ω) ω . The value
D
of h (0) is
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(A) 1/4 (B) 1/2
(C) 1 .in2
o(D)
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MCQ 2.11 The input x (t) and output y (t) of
w .noa system are related as
wwsystem is
y (t) = # x (t) cos ( t) dt . The
t
−3
(A) time-invariant and stable
(B) stable and not time-invariant
(C) time-invariant and not stable
(D) not time-invariant and not stable
YEAR 2011 ONE MARK

3
MCQ 2.12 The Fourier series expansion f (t) = a 0 + / an cos nωt + bn sin nωt of
n=1
the periodic signal shown below will contain the following nonzero terms
(A) a 0 and bn, n = 1, , , ...3 (B) a 0 and an, n = 1, 2, , ...3
(C) a 0 an and bn, n = 1, 2, , ...3 (D) a 0 and an n = 1, , , ...3
MCQ 2.13 Given two continuous time signals x (t) = e−t and y (t) = e−2t which exist for
t > 0 , the convolution z (t) = x (t) y (t) is
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(A) e−t − e− t (B) e− t

(C) e+t (D) e−t + e− t
YEAR 2011 TWO MARKS
MCQ 2.14 Let the Laplace transform of a function f (t) which exists for t > be F (s)
and the Laplace transform of its delayed version f (t − τ) be F (s). Let F (s)
be the complex conjugate of F (s) with the Laplace variable set s = σ + jω . If
F (s) F (s)
G (s) = , then the inverse Laplace transform of G (s) is an ideal
F (s)
(A) impulse δ (t) (B) delayed impulse δ (t − τ)
(C) step function u (t) (D) delayed step function u (t − τ)
MCQ 2.15 The response h (t) of a linear time invariant system to an impulse δ (t), under
initially relaxed condition is h (t) = e−t + e− t . The response of this system for a
unit step input u (t) is
(A) u (t) + e−t + e− t (B) (e−t + e−2t) u (t)
(C) (1.5 − e−t − 0.5e−2t) u (t) (D) e−t δ (t) + e− t u (t)
YEAR 2010
I A ONE MARK
D
MCQ 2.16 For the system 2/ (s + 1), the approximate time taken for a step response to
O
reach 98% of the final value is
n
(A) 1 s (B) o.i2 s
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(C) 4 s od (D) 8 s
. n
MCQ 2.17
ww
The period of the signal x (t)w= 8 sin ` .8pt + p j is
4
(A) 0.4π s (B) 0.8π s
(C) 1.25 s (D) 2.5 s
MCQ 2.18 The system represented by the input-output relationship

t
y (t) = # x (τ) dτ, t >
−3
(A) Linear and causal (B) Linear but not causal
(C) Causal but not linear (D) Neither liner nor causal
MCQ 2.19 The second harmonic component of the periodic waveform given in the figure
has an amplitude of
(A) 0 (B) 1
(C) 2/π (D) 5
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YEAR 2010 TWO MARKS
MCQ 2.20 x t is a positive rectangular pulse from t =− to t =+ with unit height as

#3 X ω dω " where X ω is the Fourier
3
shown in the figure. The value of
transform of x t is.
(A) 2 (B) 2π
(C) 4 (D) 4π
MCQ 2.21 Given the finite length input x n and the corresponding finite length output
y n of an LTI system as shown below, the impulse response h n of the system
is
(A) h n = , , ,
I A (B) h n = , ,
D
- -
(C) h n = , , , (D) h n = , ,
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- -
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Common Data Questions Q.22-23. i a
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Given f (t) and g (t) as show below
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MCQ 2.22 g (t) can be expressed as

(A) g (t) = f (2t − ) (B) g (t) = f` t − j
2
(C) g (t) = f`2t − j (D) g (t) = f` t − j
2 2 2
MCQ 2.23 The Laplace transform of g (t) is
(A) (e s − e s) (B) (e s
− e s)
s s
s
(C) e ( − e 2s ) (D) (e s − e s)
s s
YEAR 2009 ONE MARK
MCQ 2.24 A Linear Time Invariant system with an impulse response h (t) produces output
y (t) when input x (t) is applied. When the input x (t − t) is applied to a system
with impulse response h (t − t), the output will be
(A) y (τ) (B) y (2 (t − t))

(C) y (t − t) (D) y (t − t)
YEAR 2009 TWO MARKS
MCQ 2.25 A cascade of three Linear Time Invariant systems is causal and unstable. From
this, we conclude that
(A) each system in the cascade is individually causal and unstable
(B) at least on system is unstable and at least one system is causal
(C) at least one system is causal and all systems are unstable
(D) the majority are unstable and the majority are causal
MCQ 2.26 The Fourier Series coefficients of a periodic signal x (t) expressed as
/
x (t) = k3 3 ak e j pkt T are given by a = − j , a− = . + j . , a = j ,
a = . − j . , a = + j and ak = for k >
Which of the following is true ?
(A) x (t) has finite energy because only finitely many coefficients are non-zero
(B) x (t) has zero average value because it is periodic
A
(C) The imaginary part of x (t) is constant
I
(D) The real part of x (t) is even
D
MCQ 2.27 The z-transform of a signal x n is given by 4z - 3 + 3z - 1 + 2 − 6z2 + 2z3
It is applied to a system, with a transfer function H (z) = z - −
O
Let the output be y n . Which of the following
o . inis true ?
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(A) y n is non causal with finite support
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(B) y n is causal with infinite support
w .no
(C) y n = n > ww
(D) Re [Y (z)] z = e =− Re [Y (z)] z = e
ji - ji
Im [Y (z)] z = e = Im [Y (z)] z = e ; − p # q < p

ji - ji
YEAR 2008 ONE MARK
MCQ 2.28 The impulse response of a causal linear time-invariant system is given as h (t).
Now consider the following two statements :
Statement (I): Principle of superposition holds
Statement (II): h (t) = for t <
Which one of the following statements is correct ?
(A) Statements (I) is correct and statement (II) is wrong
(B) Statements (II) is correct and statement (I) is wrong
(C) Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are wrong
(D) Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are correct
MCQ 2.29 A signal e - αt sin (ωt) is the input to a real Linear Time Invariant system.
Given K and φ are constants, the output of the system will be of the form
Ke - βt sin (vt + φ) where
(A) β need not be equal to α but v equal to ω
(B) v need not be equal to ω but β equal to α
(C) β equal to α and v equal to ω
(D) β need not be equal to α and v need not be equal to ω
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YEAR 2008 TWO MARKS
MCQ 2.30 A system with x t and output y t is defined by the input-output relation :
- t
y t = #- 3x t dt
The system will be
(A) Casual, time-invariant and unstable
(B) Casual, time-invariant and stable
(C) non-casual, time-invariant and unstable
(D) non-casual, time-variant and unstable
A signal x (t) = sinc (at) where α is a real constant ^sinc (x) = px h is the
sin (px)
MCQ 2.31
input to a Linear Time Invariant system whose impulse response h (t) = sinc (bt)
, where β is a real constant. If min (α, β) denotes the minimum of α and β and
similarly, max (α, β) denotes the maximum of α and β, and K is a constant,
which one of the following statements is true about the output of the system ?
(A) It will be of the form Ksinc (γt) where γ = min (α, β)
(B) It will be of the form Ksinc (γt) where γ = max (α, β)
(C) It will be of the form Ksinc (αt)
A
(D) It can not be a sinc type of signal
D I
MCQ 2.32 Let x (t) be a periodic signal with time period T , Let y (t) = x (t − t ) + x (t + t )
for some t . The Fourier Series coefficients of y (t) are denoted by bk . If bk =
O
for all odd k , then t can be equal to
(A) T .inT
o(B)
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(C) T dia (D) 2T
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MCQ 2.33 ofwa real system. When a signal x n
H (z) is a transfer function w = ( + j) n is the
input to such a system, the output is zero. Further, the Region of convergence
(ROC) of ^1 − 12 z - 1h H(z) is the entire Z-plane (except z = ). It can then be
inferred that H (z) can have a minimum of
(A) one pole and one zero
(B) one pole and two zeros
(C) two poles and one zero
D) two poles and two zeros
MCQ 2.34 Given X (z) = z with z > a , the residue of X (z) zn - at z = a for n $
will be (z − a)
(A) an - (B) an
(C) nan (D) nan -
MCQ 2.35 Let x (t) = rect^t − h (where rect (x) = for − 12 # x # 1

2 and zero otherwise.
sin (px)
If sinc (x) = px , then the FTof x (t) + x (− t) will be given by
(A) sinc` ω j (B) 2 sinc` ω j
2π 2π
(C) 2 sinc` ω j cos ` ω j (D) sinc` ω j sin ` ω j
2π 2 2π 2
MCQ 2.36 Given a sequence x n , to generate the sequence y n = x − n , which one of
the following procedures would be correct ?

(A) First delay x (n) by 3 samples to generate z n , then pick every 4th sample
of z n to generate z n , and than finally time reverse z n to obtain y n .
(B) First advance x n by 3 samples to generate z n , then pick every 4th sample
of z n to generate z n , and then finally time reverse z n to obtain y n
(C) First pick every fourth sample of x n to generate v n , time-reverse v n to
obtain v n , and finally advance v n by 3 samples to obtain y n
(D) First pick every fourth sample of x n to generate v n , time-reverse v n to
obtain v n , and finally delay v n by 3 samples to obtain y n
YEAR 2007 ONE MARK
MCQ 2.37 Let a signal a sin (ω t + φ) be applied to a stable linear time variant system. Let
the corresponding steady state output be represented as a F (ω t + φ ). Then
which of the following statement is true?
(A) F is not necessarily a “Sine” or “Cosine” function but must be periodic
with ω1 = ω2 .
(B) F must be a “Sine” or “Cosine” function with a = a
A
(C) F must be a “Sine” function with ω1 = ω2 and φ1 = φ2
I
(D) F must be a “Sine” or “Cosine” function with ω1 = ω2
D
MCQ 2.38 The frequency spectrum of a signal is shown in the figure. If this is ideally sam-
O
pled at intervals of 1 ms, then the frequency spectrum of the sampled signal will
n
be o.i
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ia.c
. n od
w ww

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YEAR 2007
ia. TWO MARKS
MCQ 2.39 A signal x t is given by .n od

w
− T < tw#w T
x t = *− T <t# T
−x t + T
Which among the following gives the fundamental fourier term of x t ?
(A) 4 cos ` πt - π j (B) π cos ` πt + π j
π T 4 4 2T 4
(C) 4 sin ` πt - π j (D) π sin ` πt + π j
π T 4 4 2T 4
Statement for Linked Answer Question 41 and 41 :

MCQ 2.40 A signal is processed by a causal filter with transfer function G (s)
For a distortion free output signal wave form, G (s) must
(A) provides zero phase shift for all frequency
(B) provides constant phase shift for all frequency
(C) provides linear phase shift that is proportional to frequency
(D) provides a phase shift that is inversely proportional to frequency
MCQ 2.41 G (z) = az + bz is a low pass digital filter with a phase characteristics same
as that of the above question if
(A) α = β (B) α =- β
(C) α = β(1/3) (D) α = β(- 1/3)

MCQ 2.42 Consider the discrete-time system shown in the figure where the impulse re-
sponse of G z is g = g =g = g =g =g=
This system is stable for range of values of K

(A) [− 1, 12 ] (B) [− 1, 1]
(C) [− 2 , 1]
1
(D) [− 12 , 2]
MCQ 2.43 If u (t) r (t) denote the unit step and unit ramp functions respectively and
u (t) r (t) their convolution, then the function u (t + ) r (t − ) is given by
(A) 12 (t − 1) u (t − 1) (B) 12 (t − 1) u (t − 2)
(C) 1
2 (t − 1) 2 u (t − 1) (D) None of the above
MCQ 2.44 X (z) = − z - , Y (z) = + z - are Z transforms of two signals x n , y n re-

spectively. A linear time invariant system has the impulse response h n defined
by these two signals as h n = x n − y n where * denotes discrete time con-
A
volution. Then the output of the system for the input δ [n - 1]
I
(A) has Z-transform z - X (z) Y (z)
D
(B) equals δ [n - 2] - 3δ [n - 3] + 2δ [n - 4] - 6δ [n - 5]
O
(C) has Z-transform 1 − 3z - 1 + 2z - 2 − 6z - 3
(D) does not satisfy any of the above threeo.in
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YEAR 2006
w ww ONE MARK
MCQ 2.45 The following is true

(A) A finite signal is always bounded
(B) A bounded signal always possesses finite energy
(C) A bounded signal is always zero outside the interval [− t0, t0] for some t
(D) A bounded signal is always finite
MCQ 2.46 x (t) is a real valued function of a real variable with period T . Its trigo-
nometric Fourier Series expansion contains no terms of frequency
ω = 2π (2k) /T; k = 1, 2g Also, no sine terms are present. Then x (t) satisfies the
equation
(A) x (t) =− x (t − T)
(B) x (t) = x (T − t) =− x (− t)
(C) x (t) = x (T − t) =− x (t − T )
(D) x (t) = x (t − T) = x (t − T )
MCQ 2.47 A discrete real all pass system has a pole at z = + %

: it, therefore
(A) also has a pole at 12 +30%
(B) has a constant phase response over the z -plane: arg H (z) = constant con-
stant
(C) is stable only if it is anti-causal
(D) has a constant phase response over the unit circle: arg H (eiΩ) = constant

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YEAR 2006 TWO MARKS
MCQ 2.48 x n = n < − n > x − =− x = is the input and

y n = n < − n > y − =− = y y = y =− is the output of a
discrete-time LTI system. The system impulse response h n will be
(A) h n = n < n > h = h = h =−
(B) h n = n < − n > h − = h = h =
(C) h n = n < n > h =− h = h =
(D) h n = n < − n > h − = h = h − =− h =
n
MCQ 2.49 The discrete-time signal x n X (z) = n3
+n
/
z n , where denotes a
transform-pair relationship, is orthogonal to the signal
/n3
n
` jz
-n
(A) y n ) Y (z) =
(B) y n ) Y (z) = /n3 ( n

− n) z - ( n )
(C) y n ) Y (z) = /n3 -3

-n
z- n
(D) y n ) Y (z) = z - + z - +
A
A continuous-time system is described by y (t) = e - x (t) , where y (t) is the output
I
MCQ 2.50
and x (t) is the input. y (t) is bounded
D
(A) only when x (t) is bounded
(B) only when x (t) is non-negative
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(C) only for t # if x (t) is bounded for t $.in
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(D) even when x (t) is not bounded ia.c
d
no
w. #- 3 x (t ) dt
t
MCQ 2.51
ww by y (t) =
The running integration, given
(A) has no finite singularities in its double sided Laplace Transform Y (s)
(B) produces a bounded output for every causal bounded input
(C) produces a bounded output for every anticausal bounded input
(D) has no finite zeroes in its double sided Laplace Transform Y (s)
YEAR 2005 TWO MARKS
MCQ 2.52 For the triangular wave from shown in the figure, the RMS value of the voltage
is equal to
(A) 1 (B) 1
6 3
(C) 1 (D) 2
3 3
MCQ 2.53 The Laplace transform of a function f (t) is F (s) = s + s + as t " 3, f (t)
approaches s (s + s + )

(A) 3 (B) 5
(C) 17 (D) 3
2
MCQ 2.54 The Fourier series for the function f (x) = sin x is
(A) sin x + sin 2x
(B) 1 − cos 2x
(C) sin 2x + cos 2x
(D) 0.5 − 0.5 cos 2x
MCQ 2.55 If u (t) is the unit step and δ (t) is the unit impulse function, the inverse z -trans-
form of F (z) = z for k > is
(A) (− 1) k d (k) (B) δ (k) - (- 1) k
(C) (− 1) k u (k) (D) u (k) − (− ) k
YEAR 2004 TWO MARKS
MCQ 2.56 The rms value of the periodic waveform given in figure is
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(A) 2 6 A w. (B) 6 2 A
(C) 4/3 A ww (D) 1.5 A
MCQ 2.57 The rms value of the resultant current in a wire which carries a dc current of 10
A and a sinusoidal alternating current of peak value 20 is
(A) 14.1 A (B) 17.3 A
(C) 22.4 A (D) 30.0 A
YEAR 2002 ONE MARK
MCQ 2.58 Fourier Series for the waveform, f (t) shown in Figure is
(A) 82 8sin (πt) + 1 sin (3πt) + 1 sin (5πt) + .....B

π 9 25
(B) 82 8sin (πt) - 1 cos (3πt) + 1 sin (5πt) + .......B
π 9 25
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(C) 82 8cos (πt) + 1 cos (3πt) + 1 cos (5πt) + .....B

π 9 25
(D) 82 8cos (πt) - 1 sin (3πt) + 1 sin (5πt) + .......B
π 9 25
MCQ 2.59 Let s (t) be the step response of a linear system with zero initial conditions;
then the response of this system to an an input u (t) is
# #
t t
(A) s (t − t) u (t) dt (B) d ; s (t − t) u (t) dt E
dt
# s (t − t); # u (t ) dt Edt #0 [s (t − t)] 2 u (t) dt
t t 1
(C) (D)
MCQ 2.60 Let Y (s) be the Laplace transformation of the function y (t), then the final value
of the function is
(A) LimY (s) (B) LimY (s)
s"0 s"3
(C) Lim sY (s) (D) Lim sY (s)

s"0 s"3
MCQ 2.61 What is the rms value of the voltage waveform shown in Figure ?
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(A) (200/π) V d ia (B) (100/π) V
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(C) 200 V w. (D) 100 V
ww
YEAR 2001 ONE MARK
MCQ 2.62 Given the relationship between the input u (t) and the output y (t) to be
#0 (2 + t − t) e
t
(t t)
y (t) = u (t) dt ,
The transfer function Y (s) U (s) is
2s
(A) 2e (B) s+2
s+ (s + 3) 2
(C) 2s + (D) 2s + 72
s+ (s + 3)
Common data Questions Q.63-64*

Consider the voltage waveform v as shown in figure

MCQ 2.63 The DC component of v is

(A) 0.4 (B) 0.2
(C) 0.8 (D) 0.1
MCQ 2.64 The amplitude of fundamental component of v is

(A) 1.20 V (B) 2.40 V
(C) 2 V (D) 1 V
***********
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SOLUTION
SOL 2.1 Option (A) is correct.

Given, the maximum frequency of the band-limited signal
fm = 5 kHz
According to the Nyquist sampling theorem, the sampling frequency must be
greater than the Nyquist frequency which is given as
fN = 2fm = 2 # 5 = 10 kHz
So, the sampling frequency fs must satisfy
fs $ fN
fs $ 10 kHz
only the option (A) does not satisfy the condition therefore, 5 kHz is not a
valid sampling frequency.
I A
Given, the signal
D
v ^ t h = 30 sin 100t + 10 cos 300t + 6 sin ^500t + p4 h
O
So we have
.in
.co
N
ω1 = 100 rad/s
d i a
ω2 = 300 rad/s . no
ω3 = 500 rad/s ww
w
Therefore, the respective time periods are
T = 2p = 2p sec
w1 100
T = 2p = 2p sec
w2 300
T = 2p sec
500
So, the fundamental time period of the signal is
LCM ^ p, p, ph
L.C.M. ^T , T T h =
HCF ^ , , h
or, T = 2p
100
Thus, the fundamental frequency in rad/sec is
ω0 = 2p = 100 rad/s
10
SOL 2.3 Option (C) is correct.
If the two systems with impulse response h ^ t h and h ^ t h are connected in
cascaded configuration as shown in figure, then the overall response of the system
is the convolution of the individual impulse responses.


For a system to be casual, the R.O.C of system transfer function H ^s h which is
rational should be in the right half plane and to the right of the right most pole.
For the stability of LTI system. All poles of the system should lie in the
left half of S -plane and no repeated pole should be on imaginary axis. Hence,
options (A), (B), (D) satisfies both stability and causality an LTI system.
But, Option (C) is not true for the stable system as, S = have one pole
in right hand plane also.
Given, the input
x ^ t h = u ^t − h
It’s Laplace transform is
I A
−s
X ^s h = e
s
D
The impulse response of system is given
h^t h = t u^t h
O
Its Laplace transform is
co.in
N
ia.
H ^s h =
.n od
s
w
wwthe output is
Hence, the overall response at
Y ^s h = X ^s h H ^s h
−s
=e
s
its inverse Laplace transform is
^t − 1h2
y^t h = u ^t − 1h
2
SOL 2.6 Option (B) is correct.
Given, the impulse response of continuous time system
h ^ t h = d ^t − h + d ^t − h
From the convolution property, we know
x ^ t h δ ^t - t h = x ^t − t h
So, for the input
x ^ t h = u ^ t h (Unit step fun n )
The output of the system is obtained as
y^t h = u^t h h^t h
= u ^ t h 6d ^t − h + d ^t − h@
= u ^t − h + u ^t − h
at t =
y^ h = u^ − h + u^ − h

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=1
n n
x n = b 1 l − b 1 l u [n]
3 2
n −n n
= b 1 l u [n] + b 1 l u [− n − 1] − b 1 l u (n)
3 3 2
Taking z -transform
X 6z @ =
3 3
1 n −n 1 −n −n
/ b 3 l z u [ n] + / b 3 l z u [ − n − 1]
n =− 3 n =− 3
3 3 −1 3
n n
1 −n −n n
− / b 2 l z u [ n] =
1 −n
/ b 13 l z −n
+ / b3l z − / b 12 l z −n
n =− 3 n=0 n =− 3 n=0
3 n 3 m 3 n
= / b 31z l + / b 13 z l − / b 21z l Taking m =− n
n=0 m=1 n=0
14
42I
4
43 1 44 2
II
44 3 14
42III
4
43
Series I converges if 1 < 1 or z >

3z
Series II converges if 1 z < 1 or z <
3
A
Series III converges if 1 < 1 or z >
I
2z
Region of convergence of X (z) will be intersection of above three
D
So, ROC : 1 < z < 3
2
O
SOL 2.8 Option (D) is correct.
n
o.iLaplace transform.
Using s -domain differentiation propertycof
N
If f (t)
L
Fo(dsi)
a.
. n
ww dF (s)
tf (tw
L
) −
ds
L [tf (t)] = − d ; 2s + 1
ds s + s + E (s2 + s + 1) 2
So, =
Convolution sum is defined as
3
y n =h n gn = /h n g n − k
k =− 3
3
For causal sequence, yn = /h n g n − k
k=
y n = h n g n +h n g n− +h n g n− + .....
For n = , y =h g +h g− + ...........
=h g g − =g − = ....
=h g ...(i)
For n = , y =h g +h g +h g− + ....
=h g +h g
1 = 1 g [1] + 1 g [0] h =b l =
2 2 2
1 = g 1 +g
g 1 = 1 − g [0]

y
From equation (i), g = = =
h
So, g = 1−1 = 0
(2 cos w) (sin 2w)
H (jω) = = sin 3w + sin w
w w w
We know that inverse Fourier transform of sin c function is a rectangular function.
I A
D
So, inverse Fourier transform of H (jω)
O
h (t) = h (t) + h (t) n
o.i 1 1
N
. c
h( ) = h ( ) +dhia( ) = + = 1
. no 2 2
SOL 2.11 Option (D) is correct. w
ww
# x (t) cos (
t
y (t) = t) dt
−3
Time invariance :
Let, x (t) = d (t)
t
y (t) = # d (t) cos (3t) dt
−3
= u (t) cos ( ) = u (t)
For a delayed input (t − t 0) output is
t
y (t, t ) = # d (t − t ) cos (3t) dt
−3
0 = u (t) cos ( t )
Delayed output
y (t − t ) = u (t − t )
y (t, t ) ! y (t − t )
System is not time invariant.
Stability :
Consider a bounded input x (t) = cos t
t
1 − cos 6t = 1
t t t
y (t) = #
−3
cos2 3t = #
−3 2 2 # 1dt − 12 # cos 6t dt
−3 −3
As t " 3, y (t) " 3 (unbounded)
System is not stable.

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3
f t =a + / an cos wt + bn sin nwt
n=
• The given function f t is an even function, therefore bn =
• f t is a non zero average value function, so it will have a non-zero value of a
T
a = #
f t dt (average value of f (t )
^T h
• an is zero for all even values of n and non zero for odd n
T
an =
T # f (t) cos (nωt) d (ωt)
So, Fourier expansion of f (t) will have a and an , n = , , f3

A
x (t) = e−t
I
Laplace transformation
D
X (s) =
s+
O
y (t) = e− t
co.in
N
Y (s) = ia.
s+
. n od
Convolution in time domain iswequivalent to multiplication in frequency domain.
ww
z (t) = x (t) ) y (t)
Z (s) = X (s) Y (s) = b
s + lb s + l
By partial fraction and taking inverse Laplace transformation, we get
Z (s) = −
s+ s+
−t − t
z (t) = e − e
L
f (t) F (s)
L
f (t − t) e−st F (s) = F (s)
F (s) F )(s) e−st F (s) F )(s)
G (s) = =
F (s) F (s)
−sE
e F (s)
= "a F (s) F (s) = F (s)
)
F (s)
= e−st
Taking inverse Laplace transform
g (t) = L − 1 [e−st] = d (t − t)
h (t) = e−t + e− t

Laplace transform of h t i.e. the transfer function

H s = +
s+ s+
For unit step input
r t = μ (t)
or R s =
s
Y s =R s H s = :
s+ D
Output, +
s s+
By partial fraction
Y s = 3 − 1 − b 1 l1
2s s + 1 s+2 2
Taking inverse Laplace
e−2t u (t)
y t = 3 u (t) − e−t u (t) −
2 2
= u t 6 . − e−t − . e− t@
System is given as
A
H (s) = 2
I
(s + 1)
D
Step input R (s) =
s
O
Output Y (s) = H (s) R (s) = 2 b 1 l = −
(s + 1) sin s (s + )
o.
N
Taking inverse Laplace transform a.c di
(to)
y (t) = (2 − 2e− t) u.n
w
Final value of y (t), ww
yss (t) = lim y (t) = 2
t"3
Let time taken for step response to reach 98% of its final value is ts .
So,
2 − 2e− ts = 2 # 0.98
0.02 = e− ts
ts = ln 50 = 3.91 sec.
Period of x (t),
T = 2p = 2 p = 2.5 sec
w 0.8 p
Input output relationship
#3x (t) dt,
t
y (t) = t>
Causality :
y (t) depends on x ( t), t > system is non-causal.
For example t =
y ( ) depends on x ( ) (future value of input)
Linearity :

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Output is integration of input which is a linear function, so system is linear.

Fourier series of given function
3
x (t) = A + / an cos nw t + bn sin nw t
n
a x (t) =− x (t) odd function
So, A =
an =
# x (t) sin nw t dt
T
bn =
T
T
T=
# #T (− ) sin nw t dt G
T
= ( ) sin nw t dt +
cos nw t T − cos nw t T
=
T = c − nw m c − nw m G
T
nw T 6
= ( − cos np) + (cos np − cos np)@
= 6 − (− ) @
n
np
I A
, n odd
bn = * np
D
, n even
So only odd harmonic will be present in x (t)
O
For second harmonic component (n = 2) amplitude
n is zero.
co .i
N
dia.
By parsval’s theorem no
w.
#
1 3 X (ω) 2 dω =
#3wxw(t) dt
3
2π - 3
#3
3
X (ω) dω = 2p # 2 = 4p

Given sequences x n = {1, − 1}, 0 # n # 1
-
y n = {1, 0, 0, 0, − 1}, 0 # n # 4
-
If impulse response is h n then
y n =h n x n
Length of convolution (y [n]) is 0 to 4, x n is of length 0 to 1 so length of h n
will be 0 to 3.
Let h n = {a, b, c, d}
-
Convolution

y n = {a, − a + b, − b + c, − c + d, − d}
-
By comparing
a =1
−a + b =0 &b=a=1
−b + c =0 &c=b=1
−c + d =0 &d=c=1
So, hn = {1, 1, 1, 1}
-
We can observe that if we scale f (t) by a factor of 1 and then shift, we will get
2
g (t).
First scale f (t) by a factor of 1
2
g (t) = f (t )
I A
Shift g (t) by 3,
O D
g (t) = g (t − 3) = f` t − 3 j
co .in
N
dia.
no
w.
ww
g (t) = f` t − 3 j

g (t) can be expressed as
g (t) = u (t − 3) − u (t − )
By shifting property we can write Laplace transform of g (t)
3s
G (s) = e 3s
− e s
=e ( − e s)
s s s
L
Let x (t) X (s)
L
y (t) Y (s)
L
h (t) H (s)
So output of the system is given as
Y (s) = X (s) H (s)
L sτ
Now for input x (t − t) e X (s) (shifting property)
L
h (t − t) e− sτ H (s)
st ts
So now output is Y (s) = e X (s) $ e H (s)
st st
=e X (s) H (s) = e Y (s)

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y t = y t− t
Let three LTI systems having response H (z) H (z) and H (z) are
Cascaded as showing below
Assume H (z) = z + z + (non-causal)

H (z) = z + z + (non-causal)
Overall response of the system
H (z) = H (z) H (z) H (z)
H (z) = (z2 + z1 + 1) (z3 + z2 + 1) H3 (z)
To make H (z) causal we have to take H (z) also causal.
Let H (z) = z - + z - +
= (z2 + z1 + 1) (z3 + z2 + 1) (z - 6 + z - 4 + 1)
H (z) " causal
A
Similarly to make H (z) unstable atleast one of the system should be unstable.
I
D
Given signal
3
/ak e j pkt T
O
x (t) =
in
co. x (t)
k -3
N
Let ω0 is the fundamental frequency of .signal
dia
.no
3
x (t) = /ak e jkw0 t
a π=ω
k -3
w ww T
w0 t
x (t) = a - e - j + a - e - jw t + a + a e jw t + a e j
0 0 w0 t
= (2 − j) e - 2jw t + (0.5 + 0.2j) e - jw t + 2j +

0 0
+ (0.5 − 0.2) e jw t + (2 + j) e j2w t

0 0
= 2 6e - j2w t + e j2w t @ + j 6e j2w t − e - j2w t @ +

0 0 0 0
0.5 6e jω t + e - jω t @ - 0.2j 6e+ jω t - e - jω t @ + 2j

0 0 0 0
= 2 (2 cos 2w0 t) + j (2j sin 2w0 t) + 0.5 (2 cos w0 t) −

0.2j (2j sin ω0 t) + 2j
= 6 4 cos 2w0 t − 2 sin 2w0 t + cos w0 t + 0.4 sin w0 t @ + 2j
Im [x (t)] = 2 (constant)
Z-transform of x n is
X (z) = 4z - 3 + 3z - 1 + 2 − 6z2 + 2z3
Transfer function of the system
H (z) = 3z - 1 − 2
Output
Y (z) = H (z) X (z)
Y (z) = (3z - 1 − 2) (4z - 3 + 3z - 1 + 2 − 6z2 + 2z3)
= 12z -4 + 9z -2 + 6z -1 − 18z + 6z2 − 8z -3 − 6z -1 − 4 + 12z2 − 4z3
= 12z - 4 − 8z - 3 + 9z - 2 − 4 − 18z + 18z2 − 4z3

Or sequence y n is
y n = 12d [n − 4] − 8d [n − 3] + 9d [n − 2] − 4d [n] −
18δ [n + 1] + 18δ [n + 2] - 4δ [n + 3]
yn =Y 0, n <
So y n is non-causal with finite support.
Since the given system is LTI, So principal of Superposition holds due to linearity.
For causal system h (t) = , t <
Both statement are correct.
For an LTI system output is a constant multiplicative of input with same frequency.
Here input g (t) = e - at sin (wt)
output y (t) = Ke - bt sin (vt + f)
Output will be in form of Ke - αt sin (ωt + φ)
So \= b, v = w
A
Input-output relation
I
- t
y (t) = #- 3x (t) dt
D
Causality :
O
Since y (t) depends on x (− t), So it is non-causal.
n
Time-variance : o.i
N
- t
d i a.c
y (t) = # x (t − t ) dt =
Y y (to− t )
-3
w .n
So this is time-variant. ww
Stability :
Output y (t) is unbounded for an bounded input.
For example
Let x (τ) = e - t (bounded)
- t -t - t
y (t) = #- 3e- t dt = 8 −e B- 3 $ nbounded
Output y (t) of the given system is
y (t) = x (t) ) h (t)
Or Y (jω) = X (jw) H (jw)
Given that, x (t) = sinc (at) and h (t) = sinc (bt)
Fourier transform of x (t) and h (t) are
X (jω) = F [x (t)] = p rect` w j, − a < w < a
a 2a
H (jω) = F [h (t)] = p rect` w j, − b < w < b
b 2b
Y (jω) = p rect` w j rect` w j
2
ab 2a 2b

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So, Y jω = K rect ` w j
2g
Where γ = min (α, β)
And y t = K sinc (gt)
Let ak is the Fourier series coefficient of signal x (t)
Given y (t) = x (t − t ) + x (t + t )
Fourier series coefficient of y (t)
bk = e jkwt ak + e jkwt ak
0 0
bk = 2ak cos kwt0
A
bk = 0 (for all odd k )
I
kωt = p , k " odd
D
2
k πt = p
O
T 2
For k = , t = T co.in
N
4
dia.
no
SOL 2.33 Option ( ) is correct.
w.
SOL 2.34 Option (D) is correct. ww
Given that X (z) = z , z >a
(z − a) 2
Residue of X (z) zn at z = a is
= d (z − a) X (z) zn z a
dz
= d (z − a) z zn
dz (z − a) z a
= d z n
= nz z a = nan
n
dz z a
Given signal
x (t) = rect `t − 1 j
2
1, − 1 # t − 1 # 1 or 0 # t # 1
So, x (t) = * 2 2 2
0, elsewhere
Similarly
x (− t) = rect`− t − 1 j
2
1, − 1 # − t − 1 # 1 or − 1 # t # 0
x (− t) = * 2 2 2
0, elsewhere

#3 x #3 x
3 jw t 3 jw t
F [x (t) + x (− t)] = t e dt + −t e dt
#0 (1) e- jwt dt + #- 1 (1) e- jwt dt

1 0
=
jw t jw t
= ; e E +; e E = −e jw
+ e jw −
− jw − jw jw jw
jw jw
=e e jw − e jw
+e e jw − e jw
jw jw
e jw − e jw
e jw
+ e jw
=
jw
= 2 sin ` w j $ 2 cos ` w j = 2 cos w sinc` w j
w 2 2 2 2p
In option (A)
z n = x n−
z n = z n = x n−
y n = z −n = x − n− =
Yx − n
In option (B)
A
z n = x n+
I
z n = z n = x n+
D
y n = z −n = x − n+
In option (C)
O
n
o.i
v n =x n
N
. c
v n = v −n = x − n
o dia
n+ ) =
y n = v n + = x − w(.n Yx − n
In option (D) w w
v n =x n
v n = v −n = x − n
y n = v n − = x − (n − ) =
Yx − n
The spectrum of sampled signal s (jω) contains replicas of U (jω) at frequencies
! nfs .
Where n = 0, 1, 2.......
fs = = =
Ts m sec

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For an LTI system input and output have identical wave shape (i.e. frequency of
input-output is same) within a multiplicative constant (i.e. Amplitude response
is constant)
So F must be a sine or cosine wave with ω1 = ω2
Given signal has the following wave-form
I A
O D co .in
N
d ia.
no
w.
ww
Function x(t) is periodic with period 2T and given that
x (t) =− x (t + T) (Half-wave symmetric)

So we can obtain the fourier series representation of given function.
Output is said to be distortion less if the input and output have identical wave
shapes within a multiplicative constant. A delayed output that retains input
waveform is also considered distortion less.
Thus for distortion less output, input-output relationship is given as
y (t) = Kg (t − td )
Taking Fourier transform.
Y (ω) = KG (w) e - jwt = G (w) H (w)
d
H (ω) & transfer function of the system

So, H (ω) = Ke - jwt d
Amplitude response H (ω) = K

Phase response, θn (ω) =− wtd
For distortion less output, phase response should be proportional to frequency.
G (z) z = e = αe− jω + βe−
jω
jω

for linear phase characteristic α = β .

System response is given as
G (z)
H (z) =
1 − KG (z)
g n = d [n − 1] + d [n − 2]
G (z) = z + z
(z - 1 + z - 2) z+
So H (z) = =
1 − K (z + z )
-1 -2
z − Kz − K
For system to be stable poles should lie inside unit circle.
z #1
z = K! K2 + 4K # 1 K ! K + K #
2
K + K # 2−K
K + K # 4 − 4K + K2
8K # 4
A
K # 1/2
I
D
Given Convolution is,
h (t) = u (t + ) ) r (t − )
O
Taking Laplace transform on both sides,
in
H (s) = L [h (t)] = L [u (t + 1)] ) L.c[ro(.t − 2)]
N
d ia
We know that, L [u (t)] = 1/s
w .no
w w
L [u (t + 1)] = e c
s m
s
(Time-shifting property)
and L [r (t)] = 1/s2

L r (t − ) = e - s c m (Time-shifting property)
s
So H (s) = ;es ` jE;e - s c mE
s s
H (s) = e - s c
s m
Taking inverse Laplace transform
h (t) = 1 (t − 1) 2 u (t − 1)
2
Impulse response of given LTI system.
h n = x n− )y n
Taking z -transform on both sides.
Z
H (z) = z - X (z) Y (z) a x n− z - x (z)
We have X (z) = − z - and Y (z) = + z -
So
H (z) = z - ( − z - ) ( + z - )
Output of the system for input u n = d n − is ,
Z
y (z) = H (z) U (z) Un U (z) = z -

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So
Y z =z − z + z z
=z − z + z − z =z − z + z − z
Taking inverse z-transform on both sides we have output.
y n = d [n − 2] − 3d [n − 3] + 2d [n − 4] − 6d [n − 5]
A bounded signal always possesses some finite energy.
t0
E = #- t0
g (t) dt < 3

Trigonometric Fourier series is given as
3
x (t) = A + /an cos nw t + bn sin nw t
n
Since there are no sine terms, so bn =
T0
bn =
T
# x (t) sin nw t dt
T0
T=
# x (t) sin nw t dt + #T x (t) sin nw t dt G
T
=
IA
0
Where τ = T - t & dτ =- dt
D
T0
T;
#T #T
T
= x (T − t) sin nw (T − t) (− dt)+ x (t) sin nw t dt E
O
0 0
#T
TO
n t j dt ++
x (T − t) sin n` p oT.i− #T
T
x (t) sin nw t dt E
T;
=
N
T.c
dia
O 0
no( np − nw ) dt+
T0 T0
=
T;
#T x (T − t).sin #T x (t) sin nw t dt E
0
T0 w ww T0
0
=
T;
− #T0
x (T − t) sin (nw t) dt + + #T0
x (t) sin nw t dt E
bn = if x (t) = x (T − t)
From half wave symmetry we know that if
x (t) =− x`t ! T j
Then Fourier series of x (t) contains only odd harmonics.
Z -transform of a discrete all pass system is given as
−1
H (z) = z − z−0 1
)
1 − z0 z
It has a pole at z and a zero at 1/z) 0.
Given system has a pole at

( 3 + j)
z = 2+30% = 2 = ( 3 + j)
2

system is stable if z < and for this it is anti-causal.

According to given data input and output Sequences are
x n = {− 1, 2}, − 1 # n # 0
-
y n = {− 1, 3, − 1, − 2}, − 1 # n # 2
-
If impulse response of system is h n then output
y n = h n )x n
A
Since length of convolution (y [n]) is − 1 to 2, x n is of length − 1 to 0 so length
I
of h n is 0 to 2.
D
Let h n = {a, b, c}
-
Convolution
O co.in
N
dia.
no
w.
ww
y n = {− a, 2a − b, 2b − c, 2c}
-
y n = {− 1, 3, − 1, − 2}
So, -
a=
2a − b = 3 & b =− 1
2a − c =− 1 & c =− 1
Impulse response h n = " , − , − ,
-
Output y (t) = e - x (t)
If x (t) is unbounded, x (t) " 3
y (t) = e - x (t) " 0 (bounded)
So y (t) is bounded even when x (t) is not bounded.
t
Given y (t) = # x (t ) dt
−3
Laplace transform of y (t)

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X s
Y s = , has a singularity at s =
s
t
For a causal bounded input, y t = #x t dt is always bounded.
−3
RMS value is given by
#
T
Vrms = V (t) dt
T
Where
`T j t, # t #
T
V (t) = *
, T <t#T
T=
# # #T ( ) dt G
T T
` T j dt +
So V (t) dt = t
T
T T
=
T T
$ # t dt =
T
;
t
E
= #T =1
T 6
A
1 V
I
Vrms =
6
D
By final value theorem
O
(5s2 + 23sin+ 6)
2 co.
lim f (t) = lim s F (s) = lim s
N
t"3 s"0 s"0 s (sa+. 2s + 2)
di
= 6 =3
2 w .no
SOL 2.54 Option (D) is correct. ww
f (x) = sin2 x = 1 − cos 2x
2
= 0.5 − 0.5 cos 2x
3
f (x) = A + /an cos nw x + bn sin nw x
n=
f (x) = sin x is an even function so bn =
A = 0.5
− 0.5, n = 1
an = )
0 , otherwise
ω0 = p = p =
T T
Z-transform F (z) = = 1− z = 1− 1
z+ z+1 1 + z− 1
so, f (k) = d (k) − (− 1) k
Thus (− 1) k
Z 1
1 + z− 1
Root mean square value is given as
#
T
Irms = I (t) dt
T
From the graph, I t = * ` T j

− t, # t < T
, T <t#T
T
− t
T=
# # #T dt G
T T
So
T
I dt = ` T j dt +
T
e ; E + 6 t @TT o
= t
T T
T T c m ` jE = T
= ; T + T T+ T = 24
Irms = 24 = 2 6 A
Total current in wire
I = 10 + 20 sin wt
(20) 2
Irms = (10) 2 + = 17.32 A
2
Fourier series representation is given as
A
3
/an cos nw t + bn sin nw t
I
f (t) = A +
n
D
From the wave form we can write fundamental period T = 2 sec
Z
]]`T j t, − # t #
T
O
f (t) = [
in
]]−` j t, # t # T.co.
N
dia
T
\ o
f (t) = f (− t), f (t).nis an even function
w
So, bn = 0 ww
A =
T
# f (t) dt
T
T
T= T `− T j tdt G
= # `T j tdt + #
T
T eT ; E T o
= t − ;t E
T
T ;T c m−T c mE = 0
= T T
an =
T
# f (t) cos nw t dt
T
T
T= `− T j t cos nw tdt G
= # T
`T j t cos nw t + #
By solving the integration
, n is odd
an = * n p
So, , n is even
f (t) = 82 8cos pt + 1 cos (3pt) + 1 cos (5pt) + ....B

p 9 25
Response for any input u (t) is given as

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y t = u t )h t h t " impulse response

#3 u
3
y t = t h t − t dt
Impulse response h t and step response s t of a system is related as
h t = d s t
dt
# #
3 3
So y t = u t d s t − t dt = d u t s t − t dt
3 dt dt 3
Final value theorem states that
lim y (t) lim Y (s)
t"3 s"3

Vrms =
T
#TV (t) dt
0
here T = π
p /3 2p /3 p
T
#TV (t) dt = p1 = #0
0
(100) 2 dt + #p/3 (− 100) 2 dt + #2p/3 (100) 2 dt G
A
= 1 810 4 ` p j + 10 4 ` p j + 10 4 ` p jB = 10 4 V
I
p 3 3 3
D
Vrms = 10 4 = 100 V
O
Let h (t) is the impulse response of system n
o.i
N
y (t) = u (t) ) h (t) a . c
di
y (t) = # u (t) h (tw−wtw) dt
t .no
t
= #0 (2 + t − t) e- 3(t - t)u (t) dt
So h (t) = (t + 2) e - 3t u (t), t > 0
Transfer function
Y (s) 1
H (s) = = + 2
U (s) (s + 3) 2 (s + 3)
(2s + 7)
= 1 + 2s +26 =
(s + 3) (s + 3) 2
Fourier series representation is given as
3
v (t) = A + /an cos nw t + bn sin nw t
n
period of given wave form T = ms
DC component of v is
A =
T
# v (t) dt
T
3 5
= 1 > # 1dt + # − 1dtH
5 0 3
= 63 − 5 + 3@ = 1
1
5 5


Coefficient, an =
T
# v (t) cos nw t dt
T
3 5
= 2 > # (1) cos nwt dt + # (− 1) cos nwt dtH
5 0 3
sin nωt sin nωt 3 5
= 2 f : nω D − : nω D p
5 0 3
Put ω= π = π
T
nπ 6
an = sin nω − sin nω + sin nω@
sin b n π l − sin b n π lE
nπ ;
=
sin b πn l − sin ^ nπhE

nπ ;
=
sin πn l
nπ b
=
A
Coefficient, bn = # v (t) sin nw t dt
I
T
T
D
3 5
= 2 > # (1) sin nwt dt + # (− 1) sin nwt dtH
5 0
O
3
cos nωt cos nωt

3 5
= 2 f 9− nω C − 9− noω.in C p
N
c
ia.
5 0 3
d
ω= π= π no
put
T w.
ww
nπ 6
bn = − cos nω + + cos nω − cos nω@
nπ 6
= − cos nω + + cos nω@
− cos b n π l + + cos b n π lE
nπ ;
=
− cos b πn l + + E
nπ ;
=
− cos b πn lE
nπ ;
=
Amplitude of fundamental component of v is
vf = a + b
a = sin b π l, b = b − cos π l
π π
sin2 6π + b1 − cos 6π l
2
vf = 2
π 5 5
= 1.20 Volt
***********

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2 SIGNALS & SYSTEMS

YEAR 2013 ONE MARK

MCQ 2.1 A band-limited signal with a maximum frequency of 5 kHz is to be sampled.

Then the overall impulse response of the cascaded system is given by

YEAR 2013 TWO MARKS

MCQ 2.6 The impulse response of a continuous time system is given by

YEAR 2012 TWO MARKS

MCQ 2.9 Let y n denote the convolution of h n and g n , where h n = ( ) n u n and

YEAR 2011 ONE MARK

(A) a 0 and bn, n = 1, , , ...3 (B) a 0 and an, n = 1, 2, , ...3

(C) a 0 an and bn, n = 1, 2, , ...3 (D) a 0 and an n = 1, , , ...3

(A) e−t − e− t (B) e− t

YEAR 2011 TWO MARKS

MCQ 2.18 The system represented by the input-output relationship

For more GATE Resources, Mock Test and Study material

MCQ 2.20 x t is a positive rectangular pulse from t =− to t =+ with unit height as

MCQ 2.22 g (t) can be expressed as

YEAR 2009 ONE MARK

GATE MCQ Electrical Engineering (Vol-1, 2 & 3)

YEAR 2009 TWO MARKS

Im [Y (z)] z = e = Im [Y (z)] z = e ; − p # q < p

YEAR 2008 ONE MARK

MCQ 2.35 Let x (t) = rect^t − h (where rect (x) = for − 12 # x # 1

GATE MCQ Electrical Engineering (Vol-1, 2 & 3)

YEAR 2007 ONE MARK

For more GATE Resources, Mock Test and Study material

MCQ 2.39 A signal x t is given by .n od

Statement for Linked Answer Question 41 and 41 :

GATE MCQ Electrical Engineering (Vol-1, 2 & 3)

This system is stable for range of values of K

MCQ 2.44 X (z) = − z - , Y (z) = + z - are Z transforms of two signals x n , y n re-

MCQ 2.45 The following is true

MCQ 2.47 A discrete real all pass system has a pole at z = + %

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MCQ 2.48 x n = n < − n > x − =− x = is the input and

(B) y n ) Y (z) = /n3 ( n

(C) y n ) Y (z) = /n3 -3

and x (t) is the input. y (t) is bounded

YEAR 2005 TWO MARKS

GATE MCQ Electrical Engineering (Vol-1, 2 & 3)

YEAR 2004 TWO MARKS

YEAR 2002 ONE MARK

(A) 82 8sin (πt) + 1 sin (3πt) + 1 sin (5πt) + .....B

(C) 82 8cos (πt) + 1 cos (3πt) + 1 cos (5πt) + .....B

(C) Lim sY (s) (D) Lim sY (s)

Common data Questions Q.63-64*

GATE MCQ Electrical Engineering (Vol-1, 2 & 3)

MCQ 2.63 The DC component of v is

MCQ 2.64 The amplitude of fundamental component of v is

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SOL 2.1 Option (A) is correct.

GATE MCQ Electrical Engineering (Vol-1, 2 & 3)

SOL 2.4 Option (C) is correct.

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Series I converges if 1 < 1 or z >

GATE MCQ Electrical Engineering (Vol-1, 2 & 3)

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So, Fourier expansion of f (t) will have a and an , n = , , f3

GATE MCQ Electrical Engineering (Vol-1, 2 & 3)

Laplace transform of h t i.e. the transfer function

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Output is integration of input which is a linear function, so system is linear.

SOL 2.21 Option (C) is correct.