GENERAL NNVIGTION RESONE e WES Sh ©4°=€C=6Onm — along NEAIDIAVS eJ% 60> 6Oxces (lot) hm = DEPARTURE akong PARALLES. © e= cliptety=4/238,4 . eckoceMiaic. EX Geopenc DX eGREAT CIRCLES = shortest di dance * ORTHODRON IC eRHUNB LINES= same tack anges = LOXODRON IC eCOMERGERCY= Along: sin (latvet) lactveti = 80° for pdar chart © QOCCWERSIGN= COMERGENCY/ 2. Ree © ON ew CONFASS we have DEVINION a VARIATION Devielion is the angk rmes.sured from TRUE NORTH te MAG. HOG Vavielion is The ange measvred from HAG. HDG to CCHPASS HDG C(ste] = ViMnpes Dt THe WEST: © EAST © ocrals,‘T seg = Same VAR, comeng to POLES Aclinie/Tsedinic = Sarve DIP AKAE eHAGNET/C DIP: inclination of the Miield ever the groom) tangent plete coviectted with a pivet shifted from the CG This crectes some. wren readings dob TOR WING ELERATION DAN Dik. [bee Moy [erFecr | ACTION HDG SPEED NEQUE Tey T EFFECT] = SME | eS | ee EAST ACE a7 Ny as Alc | neao Leas west Ace f ah S cmesie | OVER UAN EAST peat a SR Ke | Reap | None | West | DECEL a EFFECTS ARE OPPOSITE in THE SCUTAERK) ENISPHERE © CIT/M HEADING= heading angle measoved ClecHurse from CAM NORTH tothe long tidinal axis of the plane. © TRACKICCURSE/ROLTE CITIM= ange measved from the C//M wrth te te flight pth (oer the _gyeen) eWIND HEADING is TRUE if cf CHARTS and MAG if trom TWA/ATIS. © DRIFT ANGLE is between HOG/S end TRK/GS and it!s alse the W. CORRECTION angk that T subbact C. HDG in order do (Clow «TRK.eRemember that compessibity ceuection is given as oo. facter ow calcdated as @ division deviation in the COM. CORR eindau CRPS This fackr gives the TAS conecks = TAS (crer 300 Hts) ¢ FACOR . oDASI. ‘ef + 420+ TSA Deu = Altiide comecte3 for — tempuniteve oT Ae LA (ql) 4 cheight (ade) + TSA Dov. = Alfside Tit consider tat the. GNI is measve) at a station with a Tempralire, © GFE, QNE, QNH [ANH shed be local er REE laued” inthe rege] e TRASTION ALTMDE, TRANSITION LEVEL _Suiten Tol reyer & Reeicull CIR A TRANS Mow GH SUSE LOCaCGUT toned Senses te: hep |CIR) Lo reese nurse wed CBBACLES: SEPARKT TION | [E> AF Tony? W From HEH n LOO Pressure /Tenpaue abisbole will be vebeat [#1] je LARGE SCME= toon SMALL. SCALE = county Scale for Rov Chat = Scab. (Pol)- set (SE let} = es 4/40%~ sec’ (26a1) © CHART CCAVERGERCY for 2 deces = Meng sin (tf) EARTH CONVERGENCY fer L places = Abngx sin (mean leet) fe 2) =4ari “el alb~tO UP TO 2c ae tha + aeLe BBO to4 BS wt = be Diced GUT: tee leering Ticcbtin QTE: twee beaving ion the. stalon QO. ey Hoang Flom the sin GDM: mag. heaving to the station ‘ee We can assume thef the Convergency and variotion ave the Seve Seber slelion and AC. RELAINE BEARING angk i> béaeen HDG an) station. lo AIRWAYS are dOnm wide and HIGH MMYave @beve FL2US cemd LOW A ave up te F245 le RADIALS are jot ANGLEs but TRACK ave COURSES ALT cheasiny is fase} ch TERRAIN, WIND, FUEL, DISTANCE, Ain PERFOMANCE, AIRSPACE 6 DR PoS= estimated with actual HD and estimated TAS/Wind, Accucey lepers on Hime, acevrncy of estiveted Wind and TAS,DR Air Pass DR withect wind DR Grand Ras= DR considering dno wind Reliefs incqualties in eration represented by contours, hyasmadries, tints, spxts ofebs Brown conbors ae ceding same elwatien { 1 e S/Bic ) pleJELeo& TRAFFIC Only I | Boh | Beh | Beh | Boh | Beth Cy FR, Semen oo r-r f/f Al | Ne WW | TM, = At | StL, me NC NO | 33k tae aS CR) Covomens WNC. | “gn aR estate cee oes eWhen lost veel @ gecb visual pent (Hesnuny, cates, fe llack plet= pletef He tre track by La move 4 big, lakes} ices (teat d peinls) Them serving rang pes ewine, lines of position using approximaks 6S. 4X bt due te errors the therfore) lines ove Ike 6 bos aie ao am) the. awcreft lies in the sheled area. TYE | SOME SHAPE — CONVERGENCY | RYU | GREAT héecxion Eva cos {kt | aleostconect O° stvaigfl concrete &, _ es ke cos (on) eveegt ot high lat —_| LAMBERT cored ct ID almest conact — costaxt Cohane —_ concae Te CONFORMAL, Cottracts within within STD hesin ef +o POLES) pevallel | peared cits, parallel, crigia’s pevaldd FOLAR, |seale 2le tal distat comedled at le concoue | Concave eRe fave from gk #Aleng, n= 4 | to pele. | dope, btles All TYPES of naw chiwts shel be CIRTHONORPHIC® Base Seat © GRID CCLVERGENCY is cpposite as HAGICOMP. [TRUE KORTH are considered EW is taken fom avid to roth and not the eppesite GRATION iss the ang. trom GRID NORTH te MAG. NOAH of origin io NOT * m Jf EXCEPTIONALLY HIGH —p—temp FIR i SPECIRED AID UGHTED OBSTACLE [=] VOR/DME ticutep OBSTACLE xy AIRWAY & & @ w | Group oesractes “7? vorTAC "* MARINE UGHT cra {> LIGHTED GROUP gg AERONAUTICAL FREE ROUTE. a= vor I opsractes WP TACAN' 3 CRouD uiGiiT Abvisony a7 EceroMnlly : AnRSPRCE a4 ome A BxceemoNalty osstace <1, UcHTSie wavPonrle DESCENT censikred at 4/2 aHitde and CLIMB af 2/3 of abfihe ASTPOLOMY le CIVIL TWILIGHT C™*E RALTIC. 6°42 ASTRO 448 loSUNSET /SLRRISE = uhen sun appecr /Jiseppeare LOT THE CENTRE e Suly Apheliim, Early Se esha eae HAR ae 5 © Spring Equinca 20/23¥ev, Sum Sol 2004 Sua SOL : S Auts Equincac 2908 Sep Win Sel2a)22 2. 2° oe Se e Equi nes have the qvedest teryes GUO ——Eramos! Sere < Of daylight @ Eg. of TIME dSiftevene. bdween MEAUSUN and APPARENT SUN is fave may iv KOU and FER le SIDERIAL DAY is dhe time of transit ale. same mevidian of ce heavely body and ide conslewtt @ Analemma iste graah of Son using, AUHUT frevizentel exgle) and ALTITUDE (vertical) PHOUR ANGLE is the dime espesce) in degrees of diskve (159) bdween NCON aud actual angle lOVTC is jest @ Mille more ecevale thy GNT. Tt!s « LMT