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Antioxidant and Lipoxygenase Inhibitory Activity of The Kino of Ieucalyptus Citriodorai
Antioxidant and Lipoxygenase Inhibitory Activity of The Kino of Ieucalyptus Citriodorai
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In the present study, antioxidant activity, total phenolic and flavonoid content, and 15-lipoxygenase inhibitory
activity of ethanol extract and its ethyl acetate, n-butanol and aqueous fractions of Eucalyptus citriodora kino
were evaluated. The antioxidant activity was determined using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2’-azino-
bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) methods. The IC50 values of the ethanol extract were 5.11±0.13,
2.72±0.08 and 25.86±1.81 μg/ml in the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-
6-sulfonic acid) methods and the 15-lipoxugenase assay, respectively. Total phenolic and flavonoid content of
the ethanol extract were 490.77±1.95 mg catechin equivalents/g and 21.81±0.23 mg quercetin equivalents/g,
respectively. Solvent partition of the ethanol extract yielded ethyl acetate, n-butanol and aqueous fractions.
Among the three fractions, the ethyl acetate fraction showed the highest total phenolic and flavonoid contents,
which were 575.87±3.92 mg catechin equivalents/g and 34.57±0.30 mg quercetin equivalents/g, respectively.
This fraction also showed the strongest free radical scavenging activity in the two methods used as well as
inhibitory activity against 15-lipoxygenase, with IC50 values of 4.67±0.09, 2.57±0.06 and 14.67±0.93 μg/ml,
respectively. These findings revealed that high antioxidant and lipoxygenase inhibitory activity of Eucalyptus
citriodora kino might be due to high phenolic and flavonoid content. These results showed that Eucalyptus
citriodora kino could be a potential source of natural antioxidants and lipoxygenase inhibitors which could
be used to prevent free radical and lipoxygenase mediated diseases.
Key words: Eucalyptus citriodora, kino, antioxidant, phenolic content, flavonoid content, lipoxygenase
It is well known that free radicals are associated with for symptoms of respiratory infections such as cold,
many diseases, including cancer, autoimmune disorders, influenza and sinus congestion[5]. Many species of
cataract formation, rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular eucalyptus produced kino, a reddish-brown resinous
and neurodegenerative diseases. Antioxidants can material in response to injury or disease[6]. Eucalyptus
scavenge free radicals and prevent oxidative stress- kinos have shown to be antioxidant, liver protective,
related diseases[1]. Lipoxygenases are dioxygenases antiviral and antimicrobial and these were also used
that can catalyse the formation of corresponding internally to treat diarrhoea, dysentery, wounds,
hydroperoxides from polyunsaturated fatty acids ulcers, infections, cough, cold and influenza[7,8].
that are responsible for a variety of conditions such The main constituents of eucalyptus kino are
as inflammation, atherosclerosis, neuronal disorders mostly polyphenolic compounds, including tannins,
and tumor[2]. Studies have shown that polyphenolic flavonoids, anthocyanidins, lignans and other phenolic
compounds can inhibit lipoxygenase activity[3]. compounds[8,9].
Plants produce a significant amount of antioxidant
compounds, including polyphenols. Such compounds E. citriodora, a tree native to Australia, is widely
can prevent the oxidative stress-related diseases caused grown in different parts of the world and is commonly
by free radicals[4]. cultivated in Taiwan. The kino of this plant has been
Many species of eucalyptus were used in folk medicine This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative
for the treatment of various medical conditions. Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 License, which
allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially,
For instance, hot water extracts of dried leaves as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under
of Eucalyptus citriodora are traditionally used as the identical terms
analgesic, antiinflammatory and antipyretic remedies Accepted 12 July 2018
Revised 18 December 2017
Received 23 March 2017
*Address for correspondence
E-mail: swlee95465@mail.cnu.edu.tw Indian J Pharm Sci 2018;80(5):955-959
7 Acknowledgements:
6
5
The authors thank Prof. Chang-Sheng Kuoh,
4 Department of Biology, National Cheng Kung
3 University, for authentication of the plant material.
2
1
Financial support and sponsorship:
0
Trolox Ethyl acetate Ethanol n-Butanol Aqueous Nil.
Plant Extract
Fig. 2: IC50 of ethanol extract and three fractions of Eucalyptus Conflicts of interest:
citriodora kino in ABTS assay
ABTS inhibitory activities of the extract and the three fractions There are no conflicts of interest.
were expressed as IC50 (μg/ml). Values are means±SD of three
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