DRUG CLASSIFICATION ACTION INDICATIONS CONTRAINDICATIONS SIDE EFFECTS NURSING CONSIDERATIONS

Generic name: - CENTRAL Centrally acting Management of Hypersensitivity to CNS: Drowsiness, dizziness,  Assess for level of pain relief
TRAMADOL NERVOUS opiate receptor moderate to tramadol or other vertigo, fatigue, headache, and administer prn dose as
HYDROCHLORIDE SYSTEM (CNS) agonist that moderately opioid analgesics; somnolence, restlessness, needed but not to exceed the
agent inhibits the uptake severe pain. patients on MAO euphoria, confusion, anxiety, recommended total daily
Brand name: - ANALGESIC; of norepinephrine inhibitors; patients coordination disturbance, sleep dose.
- Ultram, - NARCOTIC and serotonin, acutely intoxicated disturbances, seizures.  Monitor vital signs and assess
- Zydol (OPIATE) suggesting both with alcohol, for orthostatic hypotension or
AGONIST opioid and non- hypnotics, centrally CV: Palpitations, vasodilation. signs of CNS depression.
opioid mechanisms acting analgesics, GI: Nausea,  Discontinue drug and notify
of pain relief. May opioids, or constipation, vomiting, physician if S&S of
produce opioid-like psychotropic drugs; xerostomia, dyspepsia, diarrhea, hypersensitivity occur.
effects, but causes substance abuse; abdominal pain, anorexia,  Assess bowel and bladder
less respiratory patients on obstetric flatulence. function; report urinary
depression than preoperative Body as a frequency or retention.
morphine. medication; abrupt Whole: Sweating, anaphylactic
 Use seizure precautions for
discontinuation; reaction (even with first dose),
patients who have a history of
alcohol intoxication; withdrawal syndrome (anxiety,
seizures or who are
pregnancy (category sweating, nausea, tremors,
concurrently using drugs that
C); lactation; children diarrhea, piloerection, panic
lower the seizure threshold.
<16 y. attacks, paresthesia,
 Monitor ambulation and take
hallucinations) with abrupt
discontinuation. appropriate safety
Skin: Rash. precautions.
Special Senses: Visual
disturbances.
Urogenital: Urinary
retention/frequency,
menopausal symptoms.
 DRUG CLASSIFICATION ACTION INDICATIONS CONTRAINDICATIONS SIDE EFFECTS NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
Generic - GASTROINTESTINAL An anti- Duodenal and Long-term use CNS: Headache,  Lab tests: Monitor
name: AGENT secretory gastric ulcer. for dizziness, fatigue. urinalysis for hematuria
OMEPRAZOLE - PROTON PUMP compound Gastroesophageal gastroesophageal and proteinuria.
INHIBITOR that is a reflux disease reflux disease GI: Diarrhea, abdominal Periodic liver function
Brand name: gastric acid including severe (GERD), pain, nausea, mild tests with prolonged
- Losec pump erosive esophagitisduodenal ulcers; transient increases in use.
- Prilosec inhibitor. (4 to 8 wk proton pump liver function tests.
- Prilosec Suppresses treatment). inhibitors (PPIs),
OTC gastric acid hypersensitivity; Urogenital: Hematuria,
- Zegerid secretion by Long-term children <2 y; use proteinuria.
inhibiting the treatment of of OTC
H+, K+-ATPase pathologic hyper formulation in Skin: Rash.
enzyme secretory children <18 y or
system [the conditions such as GI bleeding;
acid (proton Zollinger-Ellison pregnancy
H+) pump] in syndrome, (category C); use
the parietal multiple endocrine of Zegerid in
cells. adenomas, and metabolic
systemic alkalosis,
mastocytosis. In hypocalcemia,
combination with vomiting, GI
clarithromycin to bleeding.
treat duodenal
ulcers associated
with Helicobacter
pylori.
 DRUG CLASSIFICATION ACTION INDICATIONS CONTRAINDICATIONS SIDE EFFECTS NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
Generic name: - Anti- forms a reversible Anti-hemorrhagic - Allergic reaction Gastrointestinal 1. Unusual change in
Tranexamic acid complex that and anti-fibrinolytic to the drug or bleeding pattern
hemophilic displaces for effective
disturbances.-
hypersensitivity should be immediately
agent plasminogen from hemostasis in Hypotension,
- Presence of reported to the
Brand name: fibrin resulting in various
blood clots (eg, particularly after rapid physician.
- antifibrinolytic inhibition of surgical and clinical IV administration.-
Cyklokapron in the leg, lung, 2. For women who are
fibrinolysis, it also cases, in traumatic
Hemostan inhibits the injuries, post-tooth eye, brain), have Thrombotic taking Tranexamic acid
Lysteda proteolytic extraction and other a history of complications have to control heavy
activity of plasmin. dental procedures blood clots, or been reported.- bleeding, the
are at risk for medication should only
Instances of transient
blood clots be taken during the
- Current disturbance of colour menstrual period.
administration vision associated with 3. Tranexamic Acid
of factor IX its use. should be used with
complex extreme caution in
concentrates or CHILDREN younger
anti-inhibitor than 18 years old;
coagulant safety and
concentrates effectiveness in these
children have not been
confirmed.
4. The medication can be
taken with or without
meals.
5. Swallow Tranexamic
Acid whole with plenty
of liquids. Do not
break, crush, or chew
before swallowing.
6. If you miss a dose of
Tranexamic Acid, take
it when you
remember, then take
your next dose at least
6 hours later. Do not
take 2 doses at once.
7. Inform the client that
he/she should inform
the physician
immediately if the
following severe side
effects occur:
8. Severe allergic
reactions such as rash,
hives, itching, dyspnea,
tightness in the chest,
swelling of the mouth,
face, lips or tongue
9. Calf pain, swelling or
tenderness
- Chest pain
- Confusion
- Coughing up blood
- Decreased urination
- Severe or persistent
headache
- Severe or persistent
body malaise
- Shortness of breath
- Slurred speech
- Slurred speech
- Vision changes
 NURSING
DRUG CLASSIFICATION ACTION INDICATIONS CONTRAINDICATIONS SIDE EFFECTS
CONSIDERATIONS
Generic name: - ANTIINFECTIVE; Synthetic compound with Asymptomatic and Blood dyscrasias; Body as a -Discontinue therapy
- ANTITRICHOMONAL; direct trichomonacidal symptomatic active CNS disease; Whole: Hypersensitivity immediately if
METRONIDAZOLE - AMEBICIDE; and amebicidal activity trichomoniasis in females first trimester of (rash, urticaria, pruritus, symptoms of CNS
- ANTIBIOTIC as well as antibacterial and males; acute intestinal pregnancy flushing), fever, fleeting toxicity (see
Brand name: activity against anaerobic amebiasis and amebic liver (category B), joint pains, overgrowth Appendix F)
- Flagyl, bacteria and some gram- abscess; preoperative lactation. of Candida. develop. Monitor
negative bacteria.. prophylaxis in colorectal especially for
- Flagyl ER, surgery, elective CNS: Vertigo, headache, seizures and
- Flagyl IV RTU, hysterectomy or vaginal ataxia, confusion, peripheral
- Flagyl 375, repair, and emergency irritability, depression, neuropathy (e.g.,
appendectomy. IV restlessness, weakness,
- Metizol, numbness and
metronidazole is used for fatigue, drowsiness, paresthesia of
- Metric 21, the treatment of serious insomnia, paresthesias,
extremities).
- Metro I.V., infections caused by sensory neuropathy (rare).
- MetroGel, susceptible anaerobic
-Lab tests: Obtain
bacteria in intra abdominal GI: Nausea, vomiting,
- MetroGel infections, skin infections, anorexia, epigastric
total and differential
Vaginal, WBC counts before,
gynecologic infections, distress, abdominal cramps,
during, and after
- MetroLotion, septicemia, and for both diarrhea, constipation, dry
therapy, especially if
- Noritate, pre- and postoperative mouth, metallic or bitter
prophylaxis, bacterial taste, proctitis. a second course is
- Protostat vaginosis. Topical: Rosacea. necessary.
Urogenital: Polyuria,
dysuria, pyuria, -Monitor for S&S of
incontinence, cystitis, sodium retention,
decreased libido, especially in patients
dyspareunia, dryness of on corticosteroid
vagina and vulva, sense of therapy or with a
pelvic pressure. history of CHF.

Special Senses: Nasal -Monitor patients on

congestion. CV: ECG
changes (flattening of T
wave).
lithium for elevated
lithium levels.
-Report appearance
of candidiasis or its
becoming more
prominent with
therapy to physician
promptly.

-Repeat feces
examinations,
usually up to 3 mons
to ensure that
amebae have been
eliminated.
 NURSING
DRUG CLASSIFICATION ACTION INDICATIONS CONTRAINDICATIONS SIDE EFFECTS
CONSIDERATIONS
Generic name: Anti-Anginal Drugs Trimetazidine is a cellular acting This drug is MAOI’s (monoamine o  Hypersensitivity - use cautiously
Trimetazidine anti-ischaemic agent. It has 3 main recommended in long- xidase inhibitors)  Headache in patients
properties by which it acts as a term treatment  Nausea and with heart
Brand name: cytoprotective agent. It inhibits the of coronary vomiting failure or
anaerobic glycolysis and fatty acid insufficiency; angina
Vastarel MR  Abdominal pain hypertension
metabolism, thus allowing only pectoris.
 Fatigue and in
aerobic glycolysis. This action helps
to restore the energy balance in elderly patien
the cell. It inhibits acidosis and free ts
radical accumulation in the cell. All
these action help the cell to restore
the normal ionic and metabolic
balance.

DRUG CLASSIFICATION ACTION INDICATIONS
Generic name: Vitamins An •Anticoagulant-induced
antihemorrh prothrombin deficiency
phytonadione agic actor caused by coumarin
that orindanedionederivative
Brand name: promotes s;
hepatic
Vitamin K formation of •Prophylaxis and
active therapy of hemorrhagic
prothrombin disease of the newborn;
. •hypoprothrombinemia
due to anti-bacterial
therapy;
•hypoprothrombinemia
secondary to factors
limiting absorption or
synthesis of vitamin K,
e.g.
,obstructive jaundice,
biliary fistula, sprue,
ulcerative coilitis, celiac
disease, intestinal
resection, cystic fibrosis
of the pancreas, and
regional enteritis;
•other drug-induced
hypoprothrombinemia
NURSING
CONTRAINDICATIONS SIDE EFFECTS
CONSIDERATIONS
Hypersensitivity to any Local irritation •Oral administration is the
component of this or pain, sometimes safest and requires the
medication with erythema at the presence of bile salts for
injection site absorption
•It should be given
there may also be by very slow IV injection,
tenderness or where
appropriate, with
continuous
infusion of NaCl0.9% or
dextrose5% into the
lower section of the
infusion set
•Must note
whether client has allergic
reaction with vitamin K
•Must not give to
pregnant women and
children below2 years old
•Follow your doctor's
orders or the directions on
the label
•Teach patient
proper use, possible side
effects/appropriate
interventions, and adverse
symptoms to report