R. K. MALIK'S NEWTON CLASSES JEE (MAIN & ADV.), MEDICAL + BOARD, NDA, IX & X Enjoys unparalleled reputation for best results in terms of percentage selection www.newtonclasses.net THE LIVING WORLD [NEET CHAPTER-WISE SOLVED PAPER] IESTIONS: |, Which of the following is less general in characters as com- pared to genus? (Species @) Class @) Division @ Family (AIPMT 2001) Biosystematics aims at (1) the classifcation of organisms based on broad morpho- logical characters @) delimiting various taxa of organisms and establishing ‘ther relationships. (@) the classification of organisms based ‘on their evoltion- ‘ary history and etablishing their phylogeny onthe total= ity of various parameters ffom ll elds of studies. (4) identification and arrangement of organisms on the basis of their cytological characteristics. (AIPMT2003) ‘Nicotiana sfvestris lowers only during long days and Nicotiana tabacum flowers only during short days. If raised in the lab- ratory under different photoperiod, they can be induced to flower at the same time and can be coss-ferlzed to produce self fertile offspring. What isthe best reason for considering N. Shlvesris and N. tabacum tobe soparate species? (2) They cannot interbreed in nature, @) They ate reproducively distinct. @) They are piysiologically distinc. (@) They are morphologically distinct ate Wy unpopulated | wasteland.” AL Species are considered as (1). ral basic units of classification @)thelowest units of classification. (@) atifcialconvept of human mind (4) biggest units of classification devised by taxonomists. (AIPMT 2008) Phenetic classification is bated on (1) the ancestral lineage of exiting organisms. (2) observable characteristics of exiting organisms (@)dendograms based on DNA characteristic. (8) sexual characteristics. (AIPM 2003/2008) Which ofthe following is not tue of a species? (2), Members of a species can interbreed. (@) _Vasiations occur among members ofa species. (8) Gene flow does not occur between the population of a species. (®)_ Each species isreproductively isolated from every other species, (AIPM 2005) 7. Match items in Column I with those in Colum HI Column F Column tt () Ferivchous fageliation | (Ginko @) Living fossil (@) Macroeyae yt move DSRS A STA TEE SSS Office.: 606 , 6” Floor, Hariom Tower, Circular Road, Ranchi-1, Ph.: 0661-2662523, 9835508812, 8507613968 NEWTONCLASSES.NET.R. K. MALIK'S NEWTON CLASSES Column T Columa 1 (©) Rhizophore (i) Escherichia col (D) Smallest lowering plant | (v) Selaginelta CE) Largest perennial alen | (#) Wolo Select the correct answer with the following: () A-itiB-5C-iv; DE @) A-iB-i;C~ilk D-iv,E-v @) A-iB-ijC-v,D~ii E~ @) A-WB-iliC- ii: —ig Bi (AIPM 2005) ‘The living organisms can be unexcepionally distinguished fiom the non-living things onthe basis oftheir ability for (1) growth and movement @) responsiveness to touch (G) interaction wih the environment and progressive evelution. (4) reproduction (arpa 2007) CBN stands for (1) Indian Code of Botanical Nomenclature, {@) Indian Congress of Biological Names. {@)_Ioternational Code of Botanical Nomenclature (4) Ioternational Congress of Biological Names (AIPM 2007) ‘Two plants ean be conclusively said to belong tothe same spe- cies if they (1) have same number of chromosomes. (2) can eprdice freely with each other and form seds G)_ have more than 909 similar genes, (look similar and possess identical secondary metabolites (AIPM 2007) Which one ofthe following animals is corretly matched with particular named taxonomic category? (1). Housetly Musca, an order @) Tiger—tigris, the species @) Cutetsh—Molluscs, class 4) Humans—Primates the family (AMT PRE 2011) Which one ofthe following aspects is an exclusive characteris- tic of living things? (1) Tecrease in mas by accumulation of material both on su- face a8 well as intermally. (@)_ Isolated metabolic reactions oscar in vit, (G) Increase in mass from inside ony (4) Perception of events happening in the environment and their memery, (AIPMT MAIN 2011) ‘Which one ofthe following organisms issienically correctly named, correctly printed according othe International Rules of ‘Nomenclature and corrctly doscribod? (1) Felis gris ~The Indian tiger, well protected in Gir forests, @)_ £ coli Full ame Entamoeba cola commonly occur- ing bacterium in human intestine ‘Masca domestica ~Tho common hous lizard reptile. Plasmodium fleiparum ~ A protozoan pathogen causing ‘the most serious tp of malaria (AIPMT MAIN 2012) L. Which one ofthe following is nota comect statement? (1) Herbarium houses dried, pressed and preserved plant specimens. (2) Botanical gardens have collection of living plans for ref @) A muscum has collection of photographs of plans and ‘animals (4) Key isa taxonomic aid for dentication of specimens. (NEET 2013) ‘Study the four statements (AD) given below and select the two correct ones out ofthe, (A) Definition of biological species was given by Ernst Mayr. (B)_Photoperiod does not affect reproduction in plants (©) Binomial nomenclature system was given by RH. Whit- taker (D) In unicellular organisms, reproduction is synonymous with growth, ‘The two correct statements are () CanéD @ AandB @ Awav (®) Bande (NEET 12016) Nomenclature is governed by certain universal rues. Which ‘one of the following is contrary tothe rules of nomenclature? (1) Biological names can be writen in ay language (2) The first word in a biological name represents the genus rare and the second isa specific epithe. (8) The nares are writen in Latin and are italicized. (4) When written by hand, the names are to be undertned. (NEETI 2016) 1. The label ofa herbarium sheet does nt carry information on (1) name of collector (2) local names ()_ height ofthe plant. (4) date of caletion (NEET 2016) 3. Match Columa I with Calum II for housefly classification and select the correct option using the codes given below Column @ Family (b) Order ( Class (6) Phylum, ‘Column tt @ Dipes i) Arthropoda ii) Muscidae iv) Tnsecta 606 , 6" Floor, Hariom Tower, Circular Road, Ranchi-, Ph: 0651-2562523, 9835508612, 8507613968, NEWTONCLASSES.NET.ING WORLD [NEET CHAPTER-WISE SOLVED PAPER] 3 © o @ @ Ww @ @ am @ © ww ow oO W w@ (NEET 112017) >. Stuy the fou statements (A-D) given below and select the two ‘correct ones out of them: (NEET 112016) (A) Definition of biological species was given by Ernst Mayr (B)_Photoperiod does not affect reproduction in plants (©) Binomial nomenclature system was given by R. H. Whit- taker (D) In unicelllar organisms, reproduction is synoaymous with growth. “The two correct statements ae () Canad @) AandB @ Aad @) Bandc ANSWER KEY. 1 2.0) ® 26 3 13. @) 4: (Land2) 5. (2) 14.8) 18.2) fA0) 17.6) 80) 18 @) 2.0) 19. @) 10. @ ENS EAM OSY L ‘A genus contains usually more than one species. Thus, species is more specific Answer (1) Biosystematics is a branch of systematics, and involves the study of variation and evolution of a population of organisms in relation 10 their taxonomic classification. This term was ‘coined by Camp and Gilly in 1943, It considers species o be <¢ynamic andthe statistical data is compiled to understand their primitiveness, advancement and interrelationships. Nowadays, newer parameters such as DNA barcoding and rRNA. profile have also become important tools to futher classify species into sub-species. Answer (3) ‘A species is a. group of organisms that ean frely imer- breed amongst themselves in their natural surroundings. AS 1X. Syvestis and N. tabacum cannot interbred in nature because of the difference in their lowering periods, thus they have been put under different species. ‘Answer (1) AA species is group of organisms that can frely interbreed, amongst themselves in their ntural surroundings. Members ‘of a species are productively isolate from members of other species. Thus, species is considered asthe basic or lowest unt for study of classification and evolution. ‘Answer (1 and 2) ‘To.aoid a theoretical approach for clasifying organisms, phe- netic clasication was introduced, whichis based on similar- ities and dissimilarities of organisms without tracing back to ‘thor origin or looking atthe fossil evidences. Recently with the development of molecular taxonomy and sequencing of ‘Benes, it has been revived. I makes use of numerical taxonomy ‘and can be considered equivalent numerical classification. ‘Answer (2) ‘The exchange of genes among neighbouring populations due to immigration (movement of organisms into 4 population) and emigration (movement of organisms out ofa population) is known as gene flow. Although gene low generally helps in ‘maintaining the stability of widespread species, it may cause ‘genetic modifications ffom transgenic organisms to neighbout- ing populations of wild relatives. Answer (3) + Bacteria with fagella all over the surface iscalle peritrichous flagellation, e.g, in Escherichia col + yeas, Ginkgo tnd Metasequoia are called living fossils a8 they ate found in both living and fossilized forms + Rhizophores are stmictres of stem origin in Selaginll, ‘They arise atthe point where Branching takes place. After ‘coming in contact wit the sol they penetrate the sol andthe shortlved primary roots replaced by adventitious root. + The size of angiospermic plant ranges from the smallest Wol/- fia of duckweed family (Lemnaceae) 0 100 mall Eucalyptus ‘wees, + The giant brown algae are called alps such as Macrocystis and Nereocystis. Answer (1) Living beings exhibit a variety of traits (characters or specific features) which differentiates thom from the inanimate word ‘Only living organisms can reproduce passing traits from parents 606 , 6” Floor, Hariom Tower, Circular Road, Ranchi-1, Ph.: 0851-2662523, 9638508812, 8507613968 NEWTONCLASSES.NET.R. K. MALIK'S NEWTON CLASSES to offipring, Non-livng things cannot reproduce. Thus ti a defining characteristic of being living. Answer (3) ICEN stands for Intemational Code of Botanical Nomencla- ture Its the set of rules and recommendations dealing with the {formal botanical names that are given to plans ts itent is hat each taxonomic group of plans has ony one correct name that is accepted worldwide. Answer (3) “Two plants are said to belong to the same species if they are capable of exchanging. genes of interbroeding. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which two individuals are capable of reproducing fertile offspring usually by sexual reproduction, ‘Answer (2) ‘The zoological name of tiger is Panthera iris Answer (2) ‘Concomitant growth of body leads to the atainment of specific shape, size, mass [bodymass index (BMD), appendage, etc. ‘Thus, increase in mass of an organism is aio indicative ofits grow, Growth can become a defining characteristic ofa living being ony ifthe conditions under which growth is taking place ate explained. This is because growth in non-living objects occurs by material accumulation at their surfces, for example, ‘mountains, sand mounds, ec; whereas in living objects, the growth is from within, Answer (3) + Option (1) is incorrect. Panthers Higis, commonly known as the Indian tiger are well protected in Sunderban Tiger Reserve. + Option (2) is incorrect. Full name of E. coll is Escherichia cali. It isa commonly occurring bacterium in human ints + Option (3) is incorect. Musa domestica is scientific name of housefly. It isan arthropod. + Option (4) is correct. Plasmodium faleiparim isa protozoan pathogen causing the most serious type of malaria. ‘Answer (9) Museums have collection of preserved plant and animal spee- Imes for study and referenes. Specimens are preserved in the jars in preservative solutions Answer (3) + The credit for defining biological classification goes to Emst Maye (1982), + In unicellular organisms like Amoeba, Paramecium and bac- teria where cell division is a mode of reproduction, growth is synonymous with reproduction, as growth is permanent Increase in number of cell (cell division) and amount of + The capacity of plant to respond tothe proportion of day! night in a 24chour period is known as photoperiodism (ight ‘and duration. It plays an important role on other develop- ‘mental processes such as laf fll, dormancy, tuber develop- ment, etc, but its role in flowering and reproduction isthe ‘most racial, + Carolus Linnaeus, the Swedish botanist, established the sys- ‘em of binomial nomenclature in the mid-1700s, Answer (2) ‘The rules followed in nomenclature of organisms are as f lows: (@) The scientific names are either Latinizod or drived from Lain (b) The fist name or genus name isthe same forall organisms inthe same genus. (©) I the scienifc name is handwriten, ech word is under lined separately. If tis primed, it should be italicized to indicate that it has a Latin origi, Answer (1) ‘A herbarium is a collection of pressed died and preserved plans mounted on paper sheets propery labeled, systematically arranged and avilable for reference study. Herbarium is wed or dentfcation, education and trainin, research and preserv- ing specimens. The label of herbarium sheet caries information about date and place of collection, loal and botanical names, family and collector's name. Height of plant snot considered in herbarium sheet. Answer (3) Following isthe correct systemic position of housefly Musca domestica: Phylum — Arthropoda Class Insecta Order — Diptera Family ~ Muscidae Genus — Musca Species ~ domestica Answer (4) + The credit for defining biological classification goes to Emst Mayr (1942), + In unicellular organisms like Amoeba, Paramecium and bac- teria where cell division is a mode of reproduction, growth {is synonymous wih reproduction, as growth is permanent increase in number of ces (ell division) and amount of + The capacity of a plant to respond to the proportion of day/ ‘ight in a 24-hour period is known as photoperiodism (light ‘and duration. It plays an important role on other develop- ‘mental processes such a laf fll, dormancy, tuber develop- ‘ment, etc, but its roe in lowering and reproduction is the ‘most erucil, + Carolus Linnaeus, the Swedish botanist, established the sys- tom of binomial nomenclature in the mid-1700s, Answer (2) Office: 606 , 6" Floor, Hariom Tower, Circular Road, Ranchi-1, Ph.; 0661-2562523, 9895508812, 8507613968, NEWTONCLASSES.NET.