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    12 views6 pages

    Lecture 1 PDF

    Uploaded by

    Anne Martha Acuña Nerona

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 6
    oh 8/16/2019 3{L4| Introduction and Variables ‘At the end of the topic the students must be able to: 4. Identity correctly Statistics and Biostatistics, its importance in the field of healthy 2, Determine different variables in the gathering of data that can can afect or hep the study of a certain sample or +(C) tntrddetion and variables 1.0 STATISTICS ~ is the science is making sense of information and data around us. Statistic-s @ measure of a characteristic or attribute of a group of people or a sample population, while Statistics ~is a branch of mathematics that involves in the collection, analysis, interpretation, presentation & organization of data that will eventually lead to the practical utilization and 1.1 General Usage: 1.1 1. in Plural sense: itis use to refer to a set of data or a mass of observation ex: Public Health: quantitative data needed as basis for planning, ‘monitoring and evaluation of health services, which includes: VITAL STATISTICS: data on vital events ike # of deaths, births and marriages Health Statistics: cover a wide variety of numeric and 1 information including on morbidity ( causes & frequency of ilness: 1.1 2in singular sense: It refer to the body of methods/techniques for the organization and analysis of collected information 1.1.2 Two Branches of Statistics (characteristics in the context of singular sense) 1.1.2.1 Descriptive Statistics ~ refers to the different methods applied in order to summarize and present data in the form in which wall ‘make them easier to analyse and interpret ; - the methods of tabulation, graphical presentation, computation of averages, measures of variability 4.1.2 Two Branches of Statistics 1.1.2.2, Inferential Statistics -refers to the methods involved in order to make generalizations & conclusions about a target population ‘based on results from a sample, includes estimation of > ‘parameters and the testing hypotheses 1.1.2 Two Branches of Statistics 8/16/2019 Descriptive Statistics/ Inferential Statistics Formulate descriptive and inferential statements ~ Quarterly sales for 2018 is increasing while sales for 2019 is decreasing ~ There is an increase of demand for 2018 Pies) 2 BIOSTATISTICS ~ isa branch of applied statistics directed towards applications in the health sciences and biology; - an innovative field that involves the design, analysis and interpretation of data for studies in public health and medicine, to arrive at conclusions about disease and health risks by evaluating and applying mathematical and statistical formula to the factors that impact health, 1.3 Applications of Biostatistics : 1. Tool In decision-making process: -different people make decisions in diferent ways, some based on intuttion, ‘on past experience, or on existing information, “an information-based decision making process invariably needs the application of Biostatistics 2. Development of new drugs 3. Investigation in the development of disease 4. integral part of the foundation upon which the expertise of health ‘administrators, planners and public health practitioners in general rests 5. Problem identification, assessment, allocation of funds and evaluation of programs Planning— Monitoring ~ e ~ Evaluation —Decision uf AM ion of SI 1.4.1 Mathematical Statistics -the study and development of statistical theory and ‘methods in the abstract. 1.4.2 Applied Statistics the application of statistical methods to solve real problems involving randomly generated data and the development of new statistical methodology motivated by real problems ie, gathering of data 2 generating a hypothesis _( the underlying law & order suggested by the data) 3+ deciding how to test the hypothesis (what critical data is required) 8/16/2019 4 experimenting (or observing) this leads to an inference that either rejects or affirms the hypothesis 2.0 Data: ~are observations made on particular elements of a sample or population. ~could be quantities or attribute of a sample or population that are either measured or observed through a process of collection for the purpose of analysis. 2.0.1. Primary & Secondary Data Primary Data: collected from the original source first hand. original deta collected specifically for the purpose in mind “FIELD RESEACHERS Secondary Data: collected from another purpose in mind; - DESK RESEACHERS wi) 2.1 Constant & Variables: 2.1 Constant: - 5a phenomenon whose values remain the same from ‘person to person, from time to time or from place to place has fixed value or definite value eg. the pull of gravity # months in a year ‘minutes in an hour speed of light: * can be derived from the physical rather than the biological 22 Variable: a phenomenon whose values or categories cannot be predicted with certainty + an entity that can take on different values ~information which changes in value from one observation to the other Examples: weight, age of gestation,

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