INTRODUCTION ‘Transportation isan integral part ofthe functioning of the society The transport system improves the soci, ‘economic, Industrial, commercial progress and transfers the society into an organized one. Itis one of the most ‘essential services, vital force for determining the direction of development.To achieve the desired transportation balance and the system to be efficient, i is essential to provide organized facilities in the system, one such faclity is a Bus Terminal, As transportation involves the movement of the people and goods, there is a need of an“"access point” in transport system 19 use it. These access paints are known as "Terminals" or the fixed facilities. Terminals are one of the main ‘components of any mode of transportation. AS URBAN NODES Bus terminals are predominantly used for inter-city and intra-city movement because of the higher accessibility of ‘bus terminals, Terminals serve as a point of ~ “Concentration *Dispersion -Loading/unloading of the passengers +Interchange of mode Storage of passengers and vehicles *Maintenance of vehicles -Facilties and amerities for the users and crew -Documentation of movernent +Information system +Integration of various systems of transportationHIERARCHY OF BUS TERMINALS. In general, the four basie planning eriteria far planning of terminals are I.Need NEED of che terminal arises with increase in the ‘demand.An orgarized bus terminal should meet the following requirements- sAccessbility *Comfort and convenience “Safeny Easy processing 2Size The following factors are considered to characterize the size of the terminal and its functions ‘Flow of traffic ‘Syetom characteristies User characteristics PLANNING CRITERIA Hierarchy of Bus Terminals ~ sRoad based bus stop *Road side bus bay Bus stop distributed *Sub-nodal terminal *Nodal bus terminal sIncer-city bus terminal and inter-state bus terminal(ISBT) 3.Loc: ‘The selection of the location should satisfy the following ‘le should forma component in the hierarchy of transport systems she should be a component in the hierarchical system of transportation terminals ‘The concentration and dispersal costs should be minimum ‘Ie should be located such that 28 point of coordination and integration between intercity and intra-city transport 4.Design Following points should be kept in mind for efficient workability of terminal- I Segregation of bus and non-bus traf 2.Segregation of pedestrian and vehicular movement, 3.Elmination of vehicular traffic conflict 4 Segregation of pedestrian flows 5.Minimum processing for the buses 6.Segregation of transportation and no-transporrtation activitiesBUS TERMINALS MAIN REQUIREMENTS, > Public lockers and telephones > Lost property > Dispatch office > Faclivies for staff > Offices > Faclities for vehicle maintenance > Rental space > Drivers rest rooms > Waiting room > Filing station > Buffer > Security check post > Public toilets > Carlauto parking » Kiosks > Accornmadation/ DORMATORY > Enquiry and booking > Left luggage TYPE OF VEHICULAR MOVEMENT AROUND APPROACHING LNAI ICM TANGY passengers set down only Smovesto2 2movesto1 1 moves away 13000 min 8 Shunting, where a vehicle only sets down passengers on the concourse before moving off to park or pick up more passengers. This avoids waiting to oceupy a pre-determined bay, and reduces effective journey time TYPE | SHUNTINGTYPE2 DRIVE THROUGH BAYS bay 1 bay? bay 3 yy co Co OO 6000 minimum i: b Drivw-ttongh bays ore fied positions for seting down andor collecting passengers. They are fn a line. :0 a vehicle often has to approach sis bay between feo stationary vekicles. In practice ft i offen necessary 10 10 hove isolated islands Jor adiitonal bays, with the inevitable confit berwees passenger and vekicle circulation VEHICLE MOVEMENT hansen ¥ concouRsS akir Flow diagram Showing parts and their relationship another