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INVESTMENT SECURITIES
Investment securities
% growth
LOANS
Gross loans (Covered and non-covered) 8,331,685 8,496,221
% growth 1.97%
Drivers
NCO to prior year provision 125.76%
Average loans 8,262,739 8,261,111
NCO / average loans (includes loans held for sale) (0.12%) (0.14%)
DEPOSITS
Gross loans - EOP 8,331,685 8,496,221
Deposits - EOP 8,487,651 8,091,004
Ratio of gross loans / deposits 98.16% 105.01%
DEBT
Long-term borrowings
as a % of gross loans
Growth rates
Investments- EOP
Deposits - EOP
ST borrowings - EOP
LT borrowings - EOP
NII drivers
Interest earning asset yield (IEA yield)
Interest bearing liability cost (IBL cost)
Net interest spread (IEA yield - IBL cost)
INCOME STATEMENT
Interest income
Total interest income
Total interest expense
Net Interest Income
Non-Interest Income
Trust and investment services
Insurance commissions
Service charges on deposit accounts
Securities gains/losses
Trading (losses) gains net
Fees from loan servicing
Bank owned life insurance
Change in FDIC loss-share receivable
Other income, including gains on sale of loans, assets, and
Total non-interest income
Non-Interest Expense
Salary and employee benefits expense
Net occupancy and equipment expense
Amortization of other intangible assets
Other
Total non-interest expense
Other drivers
Service charges on deposit accounts / BOP deposits
Fees from loan servicing / BOP gross loans
As % of NII
Salary and employee benefits expense
Net occupancy and equipment expense
Amortization of other intangible assets
Other non-interest expense
Tax rate
CIRCULARITY
CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS
Tier 1 Capital
Total stockholders' equity
Less: Goodwill
Plus: Junior subordinated debentures issued to capital trusts
Plus: Other
Tier 1 Capital
Total Capital
Tier 1 capital
Plus: Allowance for credit losses - EOP
Plus: Qualifying sub debt
Total capital
Drivers
RWA / IEA
Average total assets / IEA
Capital check
Tier 1 capital ratio (Tier 1 / RWA) Well capitalized Well capitalized
Total capital ratio (Total capital / RWA) Well capitalized Well capitalized
Leverage ratio (Tier 1 / average total assets) Well capitalized Well capitalized
2008A 2009A 2010A 2011E 2012E 2013E 2014E
12/31/2008 12/31/2009 12/31/2010 12/31/2011 12/31/2012 12/31/2013 12/31/2014
Well capitalized Well capitalized Well capitalized Well capitalized Well capitalized Well capitalized Well capitalized
Well capitalized Well capitalized Well capitalized Well capitalized Well capitalized Well capitalized Well capitalized
Well capitalized Well capitalized Well capitalized Well capitalized Well capitalized Well capitalized Well capitalized
Notes
See schedule
See schedule. Primarily with the NY Fed; model balancer
See schedule
See schedule
See schedule
See schedule
See schedule
Straight-line (SL) projection assumes new purchases equal depreciation/sales
SL. Assume appreciation offset by benefit proceeds. BOLI BOP + Change in surrender value (IS income) - Benefit proceeds (C
SL. Argument can be made to grow as % of total interest income (as interest increases, so would the associated receivables).
SL. Primarily used in the trade of goods. For example, a manufacturer needs to be paid by a retailer: The retailer's bank, unde
See schedule.
SL. No amortization of GW; assume no substantial new purchases or impairments
SL. Assume new purchases equal amortization/sales
SL. Comprised primarily of net deferred tax assets, federal reserve and federal home loan bank stock, derivatives, foreclosed a
See schedule
See schedule; Primarily repos for VLY; model balancer
See schedule
SL. Holding company debt.
SL. See corresponding asset description above.
SL. Argument can be made to grow as % of non-interest expense on IS
Comprised of held to maturity; available for sale; and trading securities. Banks always disclose their investment composition in
Difficult to project growth rates definitively. We use historical rates as guide,
2010 gross loans include loans covered by the FDIC in a 2010 loss-share arrangement.
We use a historical cagr to project loan growth. This projection will also affect our deposit liabilities, which are needed to suppo
Straight-line
During credit crisis in 2008 and 2009, NCOs were higher than prior period provisions. Larger provisions were then taken in 200
Although not used directly in our analysis, the "NCO ratio" is a sanity-check
Deposits drive the amount of loans a bank can make, and VLY maintains an internal limitation on loans at 120% of deposits. Fo
Sum of NIS and IBL cost. Implies higher LT rates but at lower rate of increase than ST rates
Thesis: Fed rate hikes will lead to higher ST rates, which will translate to higher deposit rates for VLY. While VLY can determine
Thesis: Expectations of an economic slowdown will lead to slight flattening of the yield curve (spreads between LT and ST rates
Reference to IS
Reference to IS
Reference to IS
Many banks have tax exempt investments, which, due to lower yields (but lower taxes) can obfuscate comparability of NII and N
Reference from schedule
Reference from schedule
Historical payments associated with TARP - VLY has repaid its obligation. Assume 0.
SL
SL
Historical trends
Historical trends
Assumption
Assumption
Declining due to stricter regulations. VLY expects trend to stabilize and possibly reverse. We use BOP to avoid circularity.
Historical trends. We use BOP to avoid circularity.
Historical trends
Historical trends
Historical trends
Historical trends
Historical trends
Project as % of deposits
Historical trends
If A>L+E, our model has projected more assets than L+E to support them. As a result, ST borrowings must increase to meet fun
Tier 1 capital consists of common shareholders’ equity excluding goodwill, plus eligible long-term borrowing related to VNB Cap
Reference from balance sheet
Reference from balance sheet
Use the face value of the securities (as opposed to the carring value of the debentures) for Tier I capital calculations. Under the
Assume 0
Total capital = Tier 1 capital, "qualifying" subordinated debt and the allowance for credit losses (up to 1.25% of RWA).
Does not equal average balance sheet assets because of minor adjustments for regulatory capital calculation purposes
stock, derivatives, foreclosed and other assets. (The Federal Reserve Banks issue shares of stock to member banks. However, owning Fed
heir investment composition in the footnotes; a large portion of VLY's securities are RMBS.
es, which are needed to support loan volume. VLY discloses the composition of its loan portfolio in the footnotes, so if analysts have convict
n loans at 120% of deposits. For projection purposes, we use the historical relationship, to project deposits.
VLY. While VLY can determine its own deposit rates, competition ties it to market conditions.
eads between LT and ST rates will contract). Given that deposits are ST while loans are LT, this will lead to contraction in NII margin.
scate comparability of NII and NIM. Accordingly, VLY, like most banks and consistent with SEC rules, disclose amounts related to NII and NI
ings; can't predict
BOP to avoid circularity.
wings must increase to meet funding needs. Conversely, if A<L, our model is projecting larger sources of capital (L+E) than we are using. As
capital calculations. Under the Dodd-Frank Act (signed 7/10), VLY's outstanding trust preferred securities will continue to count as Tier 1 ca
p to 1.25% of RWA).
al calculation purposes
he goods. The bank is substituting its creditworthiness for that of its customer in order to assure the manufacturer of payment after shippin
ks. However, owning Federal Reserve Bank stock is quite different from owning stock in a private company. The Federal Reserve Banks are
if analysts have conviction about particular loan portfolios (residential vs. commercial loans) as more detailed analysis can be performed.
malization of provisions, and thus the relationship between NCOs and prior period provisions are also expected to increase to historical, pre
unts related to NII and NIM on a tax equivalent basis using a 35 percent tax rate for the purposes of comparability.
E) than we are using. As a result, interest-bearing deposits must increase to put the excess capital "somewhere".
nue to count as Tier 1 capital but VLY will be unable to issue replacement or additional trust preferred securities, which would count as Tier
of payment after shipping the goods. The acceptance is then sent to the manufacturer. The bank records a liability (it owes the manufactur
deral Reserve Banks are not operated for profit, and ownership of a certain amount of stock is, by law, a condition of membership in the sys
of membership in the system. The stock may not be sold or traded or pledged as security for a loan; dividends are, by law, limited to 6 perce
by law, limited to 6 percent per year)
VALLEY NATIONAL BANCORP DDM MODEL
($ in thousands, except per share data)
DDM BUILDUP
2006A 2007A 2008A 2009A
12/31/2006 12/31/2007 12/31/2008 12/31/2009
Historicals
Net income to common 91,501 96,537
% growth 5.5%
Dividends 102,517 109,005
% growth 6.3%
% payout 112.0% 112.9%
DDM SENSITIVITY
Share price sensitivity to cost of equity (vertical) and perpetuity growth rate (horizontal)
Perpetuity growth rate
$9.37 0.0% 1.0% 2.0%
10.0% $8.90 $9.43 $10.10
9.5% $9.06 $9.64 $10.37
Cost of equity 9.0% $9.23 $9.86 $10.67
8.5% $9.39 $10.08 $10.99
8.0% $9.56 $10.32 $11.34
Share price sensitivity to cost of equity (vertical) and exit multiple (horizontal)
Exit multiple
$10.54 1.00x 1.25x 1.50x
10.0% $8.82 $9.89 $10.96
9.5% $9.00 $10.10 $11.21
Cost of equity 9.0% $9.18 $10.32 $11.47
8.5% $9.36 $10.55 $11.74
8.0% $9.55 $10.79 $12.02
k DDM models, 1) Development: Reference the operating model, 2) Maturity: Mature ROE and RWA assumptions, and 3) Terminal: A final phase
sent values, model assumes valuation date = last fiscal year end date. Analysts should adjust the present value calculations to handle other dates .
quity as company reaches maturity. When ROE is significantly higher than cost of equity at the maturity phase, analyst needs to justify or change
$0
0
of stock options 0
ROE
10.0% 11.0% 12.0%
$9.03 $9.61 $10.20
$9.52 $10.14 $10.77
$10.06 $10.74 $11.41
$10.66 $11.40 $12.14
$11.35 $12.15 $12.95
te (horizontal)
rpetuity growth rate
3.0% 4.0% 5.0%
$10.95 $12.09 $13.68
$11.33 $12.63 $14.52
$11.75 $13.27 $15.54
$12.23 $14.01 $16.82
$12.77 $14.91 $18.47
Exit multiple
1.75x 2.00x 2.25x
$12.02 $13.09 $14.15
$12.31 $13.42 $14.53
$12.62 $13.76 $14.91
$12.93 $14.12 $15.31
$13.26 $14.49 $15.72
2018E
12/31/2018
phase
133,028 NI = Average Equity * ROE. Circularity created because NI affects equity, which in turn determines NI.
(7.3%)
129,116 Forecast as the excess of available capital over a minimum capital base defined by the Tier I capital ratio
(7.5%)
97.1%
1,473,182
133,028
(129,116)
1,477,094
(317,891)
176,313
0
1,335,516 Tier 1 capital sets the base floor for capital in this model. Dividends will be distributed until the tier I capital level reaches its minimum assu
9.0% Maturity phase formula "smooths" shift to the maturity phase assumption.
13,355,160
4.0% Maturity phase formula "smooths" shift to the maturity phase assumption.
10.00%
10.00% Maturity phase formula "smooths" shift to the maturity phase assumption.
129,116
52%
1
creates circularity)
I capital level reaches its minimum assumption.
VALLEY NATIONAL BANCORP RESIDUAL INCOME MODEL
($ in thousands, except per share data)
RI GENERAL ASSUMPTIONS
RI model type 3 stage <-- The 3 stage is common for bank RI models, 1)
Valuation date 12/31/2010 <-- For simplicity of calculating present values, model assumes valua
Cost of equity 9.0%
RI BUILDUP
2006A 2007A 2008A 2009A
12/31/2006 12/31/2007 12/31/2008 12/31/2009
Historicals
Net income to common 91,501 96,537
% growth 5.5%
Dividends 102,517 109,005
% growth 6.3%
% payout 112.0% 112.9%
Residual Income
Discount factor (assumes midyear adjustment)
PV of RI
DDM SENSITIVITY
Share price sensitivity to cost of equity (vertical) and perpetuity growth rate (horizontal)
Perpetuity growth rate
$8.97 (2.0%) (1.0%) 0.0%
10.0% $8.99 $9.53 $10.21
9.5% $9.16 $9.75 $10.49
Cost of equity 9.0% $9.33 $9.97 $10.80
8.5% $9.50 $10.21 $11.13
8.0% $9.68 $10.46 $11.50
k RI models, 1) Development: Reference the operating model, 2) Maturity: Mature ROE and RWA assumptions, and 3) Terminal: A final phase
sent values, model assumes valuation date = last fiscal year end date. Analysts should adjust the present value calculations to handle other dates .
quity as company reaches maturity. When ROE is significantly higher than cost of equity at the maturity phase, analyst needs to justify or change
$0
0
of stock options 0
ROE
10.0% 11.0% 12.0%
$8.60 $9.17 $9.74
$9.10 $9.71 $10.32
$9.65 $10.31 $10.97
$10.26 $10.98 $11.70
$10.95 $11.73 $12.51
te (horizontal)
rpetuity growth rate
1.0% 2.0% 3.0%
$11.07 $12.23 $13.85
$11.47 $12.79 $14.71
$11.90 $13.45 $15.76
$12.39 $14.21 $17.07
$12.95 $15.13 $18.77
2018E
12/31/2018
phase
133,028 NI = Average Equity * ROE. Circularity created because NI affects equity, which in turn determines NI.
(7.3%)
129,116 Forecast as the excess of available capital over a minimum capital base defined by the Tier I capital ratio
(7.5%)
97.1%
1,473,182
133,028
(129,116)
1,477,094
(317,891)
176,313
0
1,335,516 Tier 1 capital sets the base floor for capital in this model. Dividends will be distributed until the tier I capital level reaches its minimum assu
9.0% Maturity phase formula "smooths" shift to the maturity phase assumption.
13,355,160
4.0% Maturity phase formula "smooths" shift to the maturity phase assumption.
10.00%
10.00% Maturity phase formula "smooths" shift to the maturity phase assumption.
(177)
52%
1
creates circularity)
I capital level reaches its minimum assumption.
VALLEY NATIONAL BANCORP COST OF EQUITY
($ in thousands, except per share data)
Date
10-Year US Treasury (Risk-Free Rate): 3.50% 3/1/2011
Market risk premium 7.00% 3/1/2011
Beta 0.79 3/1/2011
Cost of equity (using VLY's historical beta) 9.03%
Source
Bloomberg
Morningstar - Ibbotson and Sinquefield Yearbook
Bloomberg
Building a football field
Low Average High Low
52 week high/low $12.01 $13.60 $15.19 $12.01
DDM - 7%-12% ROE $8.02 $9.72 $11.41 $8.02
DDM - 8%-10% Cost of equity $8.45 $9.50 $10.55 $8.45
DDM - 1-2.25x exit P/B multiple $9.18 $12.04 $14.91 $9.18
RI - 8-10% cost of equity $8.03 $9.10 $10.17 $8.03
RI - (2%) to 2% perpetuity growth $9.33 $12.54 $15.76 $9.33
Trading comparables - P/BV $13.12 $14.84 $16.56 $13.12
$19.00
VLY Football Field
$17.00
$15.00
$13.00
$11.00
$9.00
$7.00
$5.00
52 week high/low DDM - 7%-12% DDM - 8%-10% DDM - 1-2.25x RI - 8-10% cost of RI - (2%) to 2% Trading
ROE Cost of equity exit P/B multiple equity perpetuity growth comparabl
P/BV
0-50th perc50-100th percentile
$1.59 $1.59 Comments
The football field is a valuation matrix that identifies a value range across multiple
$1.70 $1.70 valuation methods. In addition to the RI and DDM methods, we also include a 52 week
$1.05 $1.05 trading high and low range, as well as a peer-group derived valuation using an LTM P/B
$2.87 $2.87 range.
$1.07 $1.07
$3.22 $3.22 To create a football field, we reference the valuation ranges from the appropriate
$1.72 $1.72 areas of the model and calculate an average valuation for each valuation method.
Next, we lay out the ranges in a way that will be Excel chart friendly:
Starting with the low valuation as a baseline, we calculate two percentiles:
0-50% and 50-100%, representing the tails around the average value.
We can now insert a stacked column bar chart. Remove the fill from the low valuation
stack and you have a football field.
st of RI - (2%) to 2% Trading
perpetuity growth comparables -
P/BV
across multiple
include a 52 week
n using an LTM P/B
e appropriate
ation method.
entiles:
e.