CIRRHOSIS NURSING CARE

CHRONIC, PROGRESSIVE DISEASE OF THE LIVER RESULTING

IN LIVER CELL DESTRUCTION AND SCARRING.

COMPLICATIONS
o Ascites o Hepatic Encephalopathy
- Fluid accumulation in the peritoneal cavity. - Accumulation of ammonia due to liver failure
o Portal Hypertension can lead to neurologic decline.
- Elevated pressure in the portal vein because o Hepatorenal Syndrome
of blood flow obstruction through the liver. - Renal failure associated with hepatic failure.
o Esophageal Variceal Bleeding o Coagulation Defects
- Blood flow shunts to the weaker veins in the - Liver is unable to synthesize coagulation factors
esophagus. These fragile veins can rupture. making the client prone to bleeding.

MAJOR ASSESSMENT FINDINGS

Neurological

Encephalopathy Cardiopulmonary
Asterixis Fatigue
Spider Angioma
Edema
Portal Hypertension
GI Dyspnea
Ascites Hypoxemia
Esophageal Varices Hyperventilation
GI Bleeding
Hepatomegaly Integumentary
Pain Jaundice
Nausea/Vomiting Spider Angiomas
Malnutrition Ecchymosis/Petechia

Hematologic Fluid and Electrolyte

Anemia Ascites
DIC Hypokalemia
Splenomegaly Water Retention
Thrombocytopenia Edema

NURSING CARE
Administer Monitor Prepare Other
Supplemental Vitamins Edema Patient for Paracentesis Restrict Na
Enteral Feedings I&O, Weight Patient for Shunting Elevate HOB
Diuretics Level of Consciousness Gastric Intubation if Indicated
Blood Products Bleeding Avoid Hepatotoxic Medications
Lactulose Coagulation Times
Abdominal Girth

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