Course Plan – MOOC on Violence against Health Care

University of Geneva (UNIGE), International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), Health Care in Danger
project

INTRODUCTION Violence against Health Care

General Introduction

The importance of addressing violence against Health Care together -Angela

Gussing (Regional Director for the Americas, ICRC)

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 Course Plan – MOOC on Violence against Health Care
University of Geneva (UNIGE), International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC)

MODULE 1 Health care in times of armed conflict and other

emergencies
Introduction Esperanza Martinez, (Head of the health unit, ICRC)

Lesson 1 The challenges working in conflicts and other emergencies

When the needs are extreme, the services are revealed the weakest

1.1.1. Me, The health provider - Esperanza Martinez, (Head of the health unit, ICRC)
1.1.2 Human resource challenges - Esperanza Martinez, (Head of the health unit, ICRC)
1.1.3 The ethical issues - Robin Coupland, (former field surgeon, ICRC)
1.1.4 Health Care in Danger: Voices of the Community - Dr Otmar Kloiber, (Secretary General,
WMA) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oMUd8pbk2uA
1.1.5. The perspective of the beneficiaries - Eric Bernes, (Coordinator, First Aid & Prehospital
Emergency care programs, ICRC)

Lesson 2 Data collection

2 Data are indispensable, most of the time not significant and need to be
nuanced by qualitative approaches.

1.2.1 Quantitative data and their bias - Robin Coupland, (former field surgeon, ICRC)

Lesson 3 Mental health and psychosocial support

1.3.1 Introduction to help the helpers’ strategy - Carla Uriarte, (Mental Health and Psychosocial
Support Advisor, Health Unit, ICRC)
1.3.2 Help the Helpers program in Mexico (Excerpt from MHPSS film Healing Hidden Wounds,
2015) https://www.icrc.org/en/document/mental-health-healing-hidden-wounds
1.3.3 MHPSS delegate interview (encapsulating presentation with Excerpt from Health care in
Gaza: Mental health support for frontline workers, 2015)
https://www.icrc.org/en/document/health-care-gaza-mental-health-support-
frontline-workers

Lesson 4 The vulnerable, the Invisibles

1.4.1 Explanation of the vulnerable groups, their invisibility and early search for them - Stephane
Du Mortier, (Head of the Primary Health Care Services, ICRC)

Course Summary Module 1

Dr Beat Stoll (PD, Coordinator of the Master in Global Health, University of Geneva) and Angela
Gussing (Regional Director for the Americas, ICRC)
 Course Plan – MOOC on Violence against Health Care
University of Geneva (UNIGE), International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC)

MODULE 2 The legal framework on the protection of health-care

delivery in armed conflict and other emergencies

Introduction Alexander Breitegger, (Legal Adviser, ICRC)

Lesson 1 The sources and scope of the legal framework

2.1.2 The scope of application of relevant legal frameworks - Alexander Breitegger, (Legal Adviser,
ICRC)
2.1.3 The sources of international humanitarian law and international human rights law -
Alexander Breitegger, (Legal Adviser, ICRC)

Lesson 2 Legal protection of patients, health-care personnel, facilities and medical

transport

2.2.1 Case Study Yemen 1 : Operational implementation of obligation to provide impartial health
care - Benjamin Charlier, (Legal Adviser, Advisory Services for International Humanitarian
3 Law, ICRC) and Alexander Breitegger, (Legal Adviser, ICRC)
2.2.2 Challenges under domestic law for guaranteeing impartial delivery of health care: example of
Colombia
a) Skype interview German Parra Gallego, (Operational Legal Adviser, ICRC Bogota) and
Alexander Breitegger, (Legal Adviser, ICRC)
b) Skype interview Jorge Arturo Cubides Granados, (Interinstitutional coordinator of the
programme by the Presidency of Colombia on human rights and international
humanitarian law) and Alexander Breitegger, (Legal Adviser, ICRC)
2.2.3 Case Study Yemen 2: Legal aspects relevant to attacks against health-care facilities - Marisela
Silva Chau, (Thematic Legal Adviser, ICRC and formerly Operational-Legal Adviser for ICRC
Afghanistan, Colombia and Peru) and Alexander Breitegger, (Legal Adviser, ICRC)
2.2.4 Case study Yemen 3: Legal aspects relevant to obstructions of passage of medical transports -
Marisela Silva Chau, (Thematic Legal Adviser, ICRC and formerly Operational-Legal Adviser for
ICRC Afghanistan, Colombia and Peru) and Alexander Breitegger, (Legal Adviser, ICRC)

Lesson 3 Emblems and other ways to ensure identification of HC personnel, facilities and
medical transports

2.3.1 The red cross, red crescent and red crystal emblems-authorized uses, misuses and associated
obligations - Alexander Breitegger, (Legal Adviser, ICRC)

2.3.2 Other symbols and possibilities of identification - Alexander Breitegger, (Legal Adviser, ICRC)

Course Summary Module 2

Dr Beat Stoll (PD, Coordinator of the Master in Global Health, University of Geneva) and Angela
Gussing (Regional Director for the Americas, ICRC)
 Course Plan – MOOC on Violence against Health Care
University of Geneva (UNIGE), International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC)

MODULE 3 Ambulance and prehospital services in risk situations

Introduction Frederik Siem, (Senior Adviser for Health Care in Danger, Norwegian Red Cross)

Lesson 1 Challenge of ensuring continuity of service, solutions

3.1.1 Aggression against ambulance personnel due to expectations exceeding capacity - Frederik
Siem, (Senior Adviser for Health Care in Danger, Norwegian Red Cross)
3.1.2 Challenges and solutions: example from Lebanon - Frederik Siem, (Senior Adviser for Health
Care in Danger, Norwegian Red Cross) and Rodney Eid, (Assistant Director for Crisis
Management, Lebanese Red Cross)

Lesson 2 Challenge of misuse of ambulances, solutions

3.2.1 Consequences of ambulance misuse: example from Baghdad - Frederik Siem, (Senior Adviser
for Health Care in Danger, Norwegian Red Cross) and Sally Al-Nakshabandi, (Humanitarian
Leadership and Management School - HLMS, ICRC)
3.2.2 Misuse of ambulances internally in the organization - Frederik Siem, (Senior Adviser for
4 Health Care in Danger, Norwegian Red Cross)

Lesson 3 Challenge of attacks on ambulances and pre-hospital personnel

3.3.1 Solutions to operational dilemmas encountered in hot zones - Frederik Siem, (Senior Adviser
for Health Care in Danger, Norwegian Red Cross)
3.3.2 Importance of situational awareness in risk situations - Frederik Siem, (Senior Adviser for
Health Care in Danger, Norwegian Red Cross)
3.3.3 Reasons behind and consequences of ambulance obstruction: example of Colombia -
Frederik Siem, (Senior Adviser for Health Care in Danger, Norwegian Red Cross) and Dr
Francisco Moreno Carillo, (Director of General Health, Colombian Red Cross) and Pascal Ollé
Coordinator department of Salud ICRC

Lesson 4 How violence affects ambulance and prehospital services also in peaceful
contexts

3.4.1 Adapting to violent situations in peaceful contexts: Example of Sweden - Jane Kautto,
(President of the Swedish Ambulance Nurses Association)

Course Summary Module 3

Dr Beat Stoll (PD, Coordinator of the Master in Global Health, University of Geneva) and Angela
Gussing (Regional Director for the Americas, ICRC)
 Course Plan – MOOC on Violence against Health Care
University of Geneva (UNIGE), International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC)

MODULE 4 Hospitals: ensuring the preparedness and security of

health-care facilities in armed conflict and other
emergencies

Introduction Dr Bruce Eshaya-Chauvin, (former Medical Adviser, Health Care in Danger project,
ICRC)

Lesson 1 Patients, families, staff: how to ease that process

4.1.1 The well-being of health-care personnel - Dr Bruce Eshaya-Chauvin, (former Medical Adviser,
Health Care in Danger Project, ICRC) and Joana De Barros, (Head Nurse, ICRC DRC)
4.1.2 Relations between health-care personnel and patients - Dr Bruce Eshaya-Chauvin (former
Medical Adviser, Health Care in Danger Project, ICRC) and Joana De Barros (Head Nurse, ICRC
DRC)
4.1.3 Who should be cared for first - Dr Bruce Eshaya-Chauvin (former Medical Adviser, Health
Care in Danger Project, ICRC) and Felicity Machoka, (Hospital Project Manager, ICRC
Pakistan).
4.1.4 Hospital infrastructure, risk analysis and how to prepare - Federico Sittaro, (Water & Habitat -
5 Strategic Planner: Health and Urban Infrastructures, ICRC)
4.1.5 The multi-dimension approach to safeguarding medical care in armed conflict and other
emergencies - François Delfosse, (Security Advisor for the Attacks on Hospitals Project at MSF)

Lesson 2 WHO and the safe hospital index

4.2.1 The importance of preparation of HC facilities for emergencies - Sona Bari, (Communications
Manager at the WHO)
4.2.2 The safe hospital index: an assessment report and action plan for resilience and safety -
Jonathan Abrahams, (Technical Officer, Health Policy in Disaster Risk Management, Country
Health Emergency Preparedness and International Health Regulations in WHO Asian Disaster
Preparedness Center - ADPC)
4.2.3 The safe hospital index: field implementation example in Nepal - Hyo Jeong Kim, (Technical
officer for Humanitarian Policy & Guidance in WHO’s Health Emergencies Program)
4.2.4 The safe hospital index: benefits and how to implement the program in your own country -
Dr Rudi Coninx, (Coordinator of Humanitarian Policy and Guidance in WHO’s Health
Emergencies Program)

Lesson 3 Hospitals in peaceful contexts and the pertinence of recommendations

elaborated for times of conflict

4.3.1 Violence in the emergency room. , Sylviane Stotzer, (Nurse, Emergency Service, University
Hospitals of Geneva HUG)

Course Summary Module 4

Dr Beat Stoll (PD, Coordinator of the Master in Global Health, University of Geneva) and Angela
Gussing (Regional Director for the Americas, ICRC)
 Course Plan – MOOC on Violence against Health Care
University of Geneva (UNIGE), International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC)

MODULE 5 Weapons bearers: military operational practice to

ensure safer access to and delivery of health care

Introduction Jamie Williamson, (Head of Unit, Relations with Arms Carriers, ICRC)

Lesson 1 Military Operational Practice

5.1.1 Main concerns regarding the protection of healthcare personnel and facilities - Jamie
Williamson, (Head of Unit, Relations with Arms Carriers, ICRC)

Lesson 2 Checkpoints

5.2.1 Practical measures/Ensuring safe passage of medical vehicles at checkpoints - David

Maizlish, (Advisor, Military and Security Forces, ICRC)
5.2.2 Targeting of health-care facilities: Practical measures to be set up by armed forces and
Non-State Armed Groups (NSAG) - David Maizlish (Advisor, Military and Security Forces,
ICRC)
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Lesson 3 Non-State Armed Groups (NSAGs) and Health Care Provision

5.3.1 Non-State Armed Groups (NSAGs) and the Provision of Health Care, Part1 - Brian Mc Quinn,
(Advisor on the Sociology of Non-State Armed Groups, ICRC) and Franziska Seethaler,
(Associate on Relations with Non-State Armed Groups, ICRC)
5.3.2 Non-State Armed Groups (NSAGs) and the Provision of Health Care, Part2 - Brian Mc Quinn,
(Advisor on the Sociology of Non-State Armed Groups, ICRC) and Franziska Seethaler,
(Associate on Relations with Non-State Armed Groups, ICRC)

Lesson 4 Ethical challenges in Military Medicine

5.4.1 The ICMM and the issues of ethics in military medicine - Lt Col David Winkler, MD, PhD,
(Chairman of the ICMM Center of Reference for Education on IHL and Ethics)

Course Summary Module 5

Dr Beat Stoll (PD, Coordinator of the Master in Global Health, University of Geneva) and Angela
Gussing ( Regional Director for the Americas, ICRC)
 Course Plan – MOOC on Violence against Health Care
University of Geneva (UNIGE), International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC)

MODULE 6 Members of the civil society: communities, National

Societies, Religious Leaders, Health organizations and
others
Introduction Luigi Fratini, (Head of the Prevention Cell Unit, ICRC)

Lesson 1 National Societies

6.1.1 The National Society Auxiliary role - Sylvia Khamati (Head of Health and Social Services, Kenya
Red Cross - KRCS) and Luigi Fratini, (Head of the Prevention Cell Unit, ICRC)

Lesson 2 The community

6.2.1. Building Community resilience - Marta Pawlak, (Advisor on Community Based Protection &
Sexual Violence, ICRC)
6.2.2 Encouraging Community to advocate on the respect and the protection of health care -
Marta Pawlak, (Advisor on Community Based Protection & Sexual Violence, ICRC)

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Lesson 3 The role of health associations

6.3.1 World Medical Association as promoter of respect of health care during crisis - Otmar
Kloiber, (Secretary General, World Medical Association) and Luigi Fratini, (Head of the
Prevention Cell Unit, ICRC)
6.3.2 The role of medical students, HCiD: Voices of the Community - Anna-Theresia Ekman,
(International Federation of Medical Students’ Associations - IFMSA)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T7dfANjUYIo

Lesson 4 Religious Circles

6.4.1 The role of religious circles - Rafiullah Qureshi (Prevention Adviser, ICRC) and Luigi Fratini,
(Head of the Prevention Cell Unit, ICRC)

Course Summary Module 6

Dr Beat Stoll (PD, Coordinator of the Master in Global Health, University of Geneva) and Angela
Gussing (Regional Director for the Americas, ICRC)
 Course Plan – MOOC on Violence against Health Care
University of Geneva (UNIGE), International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC)

Global Summary Violence against Health Care

Summary

Connecting one another to end violence: building resilience and influencing

behavior change - Dr Bruce Eshaya-Chauvin, (former Medical Adviser, Health
Care in Danger Project, ICRC)