LABOR STANDARDS and SOCIAL LEGISLATION COURSE OUTLINE (2018 Edition) (D. C. GUTIERREZ) PART ONE - INTRODUCTORY MATERIALS Section 1. Labor Law in General 4.01. LABOR LAW DEFINED - SEE ANY LABOR OR LAW DICTIONARY © Matemity Children’s Hospital v. Secretary of Labor, 174 SCRA 632 [1989] G.R. No. 78909; June 30, 1989 1.02. LAW CLASSIFICATION — LABOR STANDARDS, LABOR RELATIONS, AND WELFARE LAWS — See Books and Titles, Labor Code of the Philippines, P.D. No. 442, As Amended Labor Standards = Pefiaranda v. Baganga Plywood Corp., 489 SCRA 94 [2006] G.R. No. 159577; May 3, 2006 = Batong Buhay Goidmines, Inc. v. Dela Serna, 312 SCRA 22 [1999] GR. No. 86963; August 6, 1999 1.03. BASIS FOR ENACTMENT — CONSTITUTION (1987) — Art. II, Secs. 5, 18; Art. Xill, Secs. 1, 2&3 Pe Power @ CMS Estate, Inc. v. Social Security System, 132 SCRA 106 [1984] G.R. No. L-26298; September 28, 1984 Asociacion de Agricultores de Talisay-Silay Inc. v. Talisay-Silay Milling Co., Inc., 88 SCRA 294 [1979] G.R. No. L-19937; February 19, 1979 1.04. SOURCES OF LAW A. Labor Code and Related Special Legislation (Implementing Rules)B. Contract — Arts. 1305-1306, NCC > Kasapian ng Malayang Manggagawa sa Coca-Cola (KASAMMA- CCO)-CFW Local 245 v. C.A, 487 SCRA 487 [2006] GR. No. 159828, April 19, 2006 C. Collective Bargaining Agreement (Book V, Rule 1, sec 1 (i) IRR) * DOLE Phils., v. Pawis ng Makabayang Obrero, 395 SCRA 112 (2003) G.R. No. 146650; January 13, 2003 D. Past Practices Davao Fruits Corporation v. Associated Labor Union, 225 SCRA 562 [1993] G.R. No. 85073; August 24, 1993 = Samahang Manggagawa etc. v. NLRC, 295 SCRA 171 [1998] G.R. No. 113856; September 7, 1998 * American Wire and Cable Daily Rated Employees Union v. American Wire and Cable Co., Inc., 457 SCRA 684 [2005] G.R. No. 155059; April 29, 2005 Pag-asa Steel Works, Inc. v. C.A., 486 SCRA 475 [2006] G.R. No. 166647; March 31, 2006 E. Company Policies 2 China Banking Corporation v. Borromeo, 440 SCRA 621 [2004] G.R. No. 156515; October 19, 2004 1.05. LAW AND WORKER Cebu Royal Plant v. Hon. Deputy Minister of Labor, 163 SCRA 38 [1987] G.R. No. L-58639; August 12, 1987 Vicente G. Sinco, Philippine Constitutional Law, 2 Ed. (1960), pp. 130-134 = Joaquin G. Bernas, The 1987 Constitution of the Philippines: A Commentary, 2003 Ed. pp. 441-445 1.08. LABOR CASE = Lapanday Agricultural Development Corporation v. Court of Appeals, 324 SCRA 39 [2000] GR. No. 112139; January 31, 2000Villamaria v. C.A., 487 SCRA 571 [2006] G.R. No. 165881; April 19, 2006 . CASE DECISION Anino v. NLRC, 290 SCRA 489 [1998] G.R. No. 123226; May 21, 1998 EDI Staff Builders International Inc. v. Magsino, 359 SCRA 212 (2001) G.R. No. 139430; June 20, 2001 . MANAGEMENT FUNCTION Recognition Gustilo v. Wyeth Phils. Inc., 440 SCRA 67 [2004] G.R. No. 149629; October 4, 2004 Philcom Employees Union v. Phil Global Communications, 495 SCRA 214 [2006] G.R. No. 144315; July 17, 2006 Limitations DOLE Phils. Inc. v. Pawis, 395 SCRA 112 [2003] G.R. No. 146650; January 13, 2003 Valiao v. Court of Appeals, 435 SCRA 543 [2004] G.R. No. 146621; July 30, 2004 . COMPROMISE AND WAIVER — ART. 227; Arts. 2028, 2036 Acufia v. C.A., 489 SCRA 658 [2006] G.R. No, 159832; May 5, 2006 Oriental Ship Management Co., Inc. v. C.A., 480 SCRA 100 [2006] G.R. No. 153750; January 25, 2006 Periquet v. NLRC, 186 SCRA 724 [1990] G.R. No. 91298; June 22, 1990 EMCO Plywood Corp. v. Abelgas, 427 SCRA 496 [2004] G.R. No. 148532; April 14, 2004 Sarocam v. Interorient Maritime Ent., Inc., 493 SCRA 502 [2006] G.R. No. 167813; June 27, 2006Section 2. Labor and the Constitution STATUTORY REFERENCE: - 1935, 1973 and 1987 CONSTITUTIONS 2.01 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND/RATIONALE = Antamoc Goldfields Mining Co. v. CIR, 70 Phil. 340 [1940] G.R. No. L-46892; June 28, 1940 2.02 NATURE OF PROVISION = Phil, Airlines, Inc. v. Santos, 218 SCRA 415 [1993] G.R. No. 77875; February 4, 1993 2.03 1987 CONSTITUTION A Labor Sector — Characterized — Art. Il, Sec. 18 Bernas, pp. 92-95 Protection of Labor — Guarantees — Art. XIII, Sec. 3. Compare: 1935 Constitution — Art. XIV, Sec. 3; 1973 Constitution — Art. Il, Sec. 9 and 1987 Constitution, Art. XIII, Secs. 1, 3; Art. Il, Secs. 10, 18 Joaquin A. Bernas, S.J. The 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines, pp. 1194-1197 Social Justice — Art. II, Sec. 10; 1973 Constitution; Art. I, Sec. 5, 1935 Constitution; 1987 Constitution, Art. XIll, Secs. 1-2. Definition — Social Justice * Calalang v. Williams, 70 Phil. 726 [1940] G.R. No. 47800; December 2, 1940 Limits of Use * Phil. Long Distance Telephone Co. v. NLRC, 164 SCRA 671 (1988) G.R. No. 80609; August 23, 1988 “ Agabon v. NLRC, 442 SCRA 573 [2004] G.R. No. 158693; November 17, 20042.04 CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS AND LABOR LAW Management and the Constitution ® Dayan v. Bayer of the Phil. Islands, 369 SCRA 712 [2001] G.R. No. 140692; November 20, 2001 = Manila Electric Company v. Quisumbing, 302 SCRA 173 [1999] G.R. No. 127598; January 27, 1999 2 Agabon v. NLRC, 442 SCRA 573 [2004] G.R. No. 158693; November 17, 2004 * Sarocam v. Interorient Maritime Ent., Inc., 493 SCRA 502 [2006] GR. No. 167813; June 27, 2006 Labor as Property » Asuncion v. NLRC, 362 SCRA 56 [2001] G. R. No. 129329; July 31, 2001 Executive Secretary v. Court of Appeals, 429 SCRA 81 [2004] GR. No. 131719; May 25, 2004 Due Process Requirements Ang Tibay v. CIR, 59 Phil, 635 [1940] G.R. No. L-46496; February 27, 1940 * Air Manila, Inc. v. Balatbat, 38 SCRA 489 [1971] G.R. No. L-29064; April 29, 1971 = Century Textile Mills, Inc. v. NLRC, 161 SCRA 528 [1988] GR. No. 77859; May 25, 1988 Liberty of Contract and State Interference @ Leyte Land Transportation Co. v. Leyte Farmers and Workers Union, 80 Phil.842 [1948] G.R. No. L-1377; May 12, 1948 * Victoriano v. Elizalde Rope Workers Union, 59 SCRA 54 [1974] G.R. No. L-25246; September 12, 1974 Welfare State * Alalayan v. National Power Corporation, 24 SCRA 172 [1968] G.R. No. L-24396; July 29, 1968Laissez-faire ® Employees Confederation of the Phils. v. National Wages and Productivity Commission, 201 SCRA 759 [1991] G.R. No. 96169; September 24, 1991 Participation In Decision Making Process * Philippines Airlines, Inc. v. NLRC, 225 SCRA 301 [1993] G.R. No. 77875; February 4, 1993 Section 3. Labor and the Civil Code STATUTORY REFERENCE: Civil Code of the Philippines, R.A. No. 386 as amended. 3.01. ROLE OF LAW — Art. 1700, NEW CIVIL CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES Labor Contracts ® Brew Master International, Inc. v. NAFLU, 271 SCRA 275 [1997] G.R. No. 119243; April 17, 1997 * Philippine Telephone and Telegraph Co. v. NLRC, 272 SCRA 598 [1997] GR. No. 118978; May 23, 1997 Read: Tolentino, Commentaries_and_ Jurisprudence on the Civil Code of the Philippines, Vol. 5, pp. 277-278 3.02. EMPLOYER-EMPLOYEE STANDARD OF CONDUCT - Art. 1701, NEW. CIVIL CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES Fair Treatment * General Bank and Trust Co. v. Court of Appeals, 135 SCRA 569 [1985] G. R.No. L-42724, April 9, 1985 © Star Paper Corp. v. Simbol, 487 SCRA 228 [2006] G.R. No. 164774; April 12, 2006 Mutual Obligation » Firestone Tire and Rubber Co. v. Lariosa, 148 SCRA 187 [1987] GR. No. 70479; February 27, 1987 Star Paper Corp. v. Simbol, 487 SCRA 228 [2006] GR. No. 164774; April 12, 2006Law Compliance ‘& Sarmiento v. Tuico, 162 SCRA 676 [1988] GR. No. 75271-73; June 27, 1988 Employee Obedience and Compliance Employer Orders = PCIB v. Jacinto, 196 SCRA 697 [1991] G.R. No. 92742; May 6, 19917 & GTE Directories Corp. v. Sanchez, 197 SCRA 452 [1991] G.R. No. 76219; May 27, 1991 = Gustilo v. Wyeth Phils., Inc., 440 SCRA 67 [2004] G.R. No. 149629; October 4, 2004 Employer Obligation © Lagniton v. NLRC, 218 SCRA 456 [1993] GR. No. 86339; February 5, 1993 ® Maneja v. NLRC, 290 SCRA 603 [1998] GR. No. 124013; June 5, 1998 © Special Stee! Products. v. Villareal, 434 SCRA 19 [2004] GR. No. 143304; July 8, 2004 Section 4. Labor and International Covenants (Labor Standards and Welfare Law) 4.01. UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS - Arts. 3, 7, 17, 22, 23, 24, 25 4.02, INTERNATIONAL COVENANT ON ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND CULTURAL RIGHTS - PART III, Arts. 6, 7, 8, 9, 11 4.03. INTERNATIONAL COVENANT ON CIVIL AND POLITICAL, RIGHTS — PART Il, Art. 8 4.04. CONVENTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE INTERNATIONAL, LABOR ORGANIZATIONS (ILO) International Conventions @ International School Alliance of Educators v. Quisumbing, 333 SCRA 43 [2000] G.R. No. 128845; June 1, 2000Section 5. The Labor Code of the Philippines NOTE: The provisions of the Labor Code (Presidential Decree No. 442, as amended) has been renumbered pursuant to Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE) Department Advisory No. 1, series of 2015. Articles 1 - 129 are not renumbered by this advisory. 5.01 5.02 5.03 5.04 DECREE TITLE ~ Art. 1 EFFECTIVITY ~ Art. 2 POLICY DECLARATION — Art. 3 APPLICABILITY ~ Art. 6, Art. 276 (now Art. 291) LABOR CODE; Art. IX, B. Sec. 2 (1), CONSTITUTION Domestic and Overseas Workers = DMA Shipping Phils., Inc. v. Cabillar, 452 SCRA 551 [2005] G.R. No. 155389; February 28, 2005 = Uyv. Buenao, 484 SCRA 628 [2006] G.R. No. 159119; March 14, 2006 Test-GOCC ® Cabrera v. NLRC, 198 SCRA 573 [1991] G.R. No, 83387; June 27, 1991 = Gamogamo v. PNOC Shipping and Transport Corp., 381 SCRA 742 [2002} GR. No. 141707; May 7, 2002 * Light Railway Transit Authority v. Venus, 485 SCRA 361 [2006] GR. No. 163782; March 24, 2006 International Agencies = Ebro Il v. NLRC, 261 SCRA 399 [1996] G.R. No. 110187; September 4, 1996 School Teachers = National Mines and Allied Workers Union v. San Ildefonso College, etc., 299 SCRA 24 [1998] G.R. No. 125039; November 20, 19985.05 5.06 ® Chiang Kaishek College v. Court of Appeals, 437 SCRA 171 [2004] G.R. No. 152988; August 24, 2004 Religious Corporations @ Austria v. NLRC, 312 SCRA 410 [1999]G.R. No. 124382; August 16, 1999 Managerial Employees © Pefiaranda v. Baganga Plywood Corp., 489 SCRA 94 [2006] GR. No. 159577; May 3, 2006 RULE MAKING POWER - Art. 5 Limitation —Rule Making Power CBTC Employees Union v. Clave, 141 SCRA 9 [1986] G.R. No. L-49582; January 7, 1986 = Sonza v. ABS-CBN Broadcasting Corp., 431 SCRA 583 [2004] G.R. No. 138051; June 10, 2004 © Rizal Empire Insurance Group v. NLRC, 150 SCRA 565 [1987] GR. No. 73140; May 29, 1987 LAW INTERPRETATION ~ Art. 4, LABOR CODE; Art. 1702, NEW CIVIL CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES Read: Tolentino, Commentaries and Jurisprudence on the Civil Code of the Philippines, Vol. 5, p. 279 Liberal Construction 2 Duncan Association, etc. v. Glaxo Wellcome, 438 SCRA 343 [2004] G.R. No. 162994; September 17, 2004 * Salinas v. NLRC, 319 SCRA 54 [1999] G.R. No. 114671; November 24, 1999 In favor Labor - Rationale Abella v. NLRC, 152 SCRA 140 [1987] GR. No. 71813; July 20, 1987 » Asian Transmission Corp., v. Court of Appeals, 425 SCRA 478 [2004] GR. No. 144664; March 15, 2004Doubt ® Clemente v. GSIS, 152 SCRA 500 [1987] G.R. No. L-47521; July 31, 1987 ® Acufia v. C.A., 489 SCRA 658 [2006] G.R. No. 159832 May 5, 2006 No Doubt © Bonifacio v. GSIS, 146 SCRA 276 [1986] G.R. No. L-62207; December 15, 1986 Sweeping Interpretation = Bravo v. Employees Compensation Commission, 143 SCRA 101 [1986] G.R. No. L-66174; July 22, 1986 Factual Considerations and Rationality © Phil. Airlines, Inc. v. NLRC, 201 SCRA 687 [1991] G.R. No. 87698; September 24, 1991 Equity and Moral Consideration = Manning Intemational Corp. v. NLRC, 195 SCRA 155 [1991] G.R. No. 83018; March 13, 1991 Fairness = Reliance Surety and Insurance Co., Inc. v. NLRC, 193 SCRA 365 [1991] GR. Nos. 86917-18; January 25, 1991 Balancing Conflicting Claims = Phil. Airlines, Inc. v. NLRC, 201 SCRA 687 (1993) GR. No. 85985; August 13, 1993 * Duncan Association, etc. v. Glaxo Wellcome Phils.,nc., 438 SCRA 343 (2004) G.R. No. 162994; September 17, 2004 10Section 6. Work Relationship STATUTORY REFERENCE ~ Arts. 106, Par. 4, 107, 109 6.01. A. WORK RELATIONSHIP- Definitions: Employer and Employee. See any Labor or Law Dictionary — Art. 97 (a), (b), (c); Art. 167 (now Art. 173) (f), (g); Art. 212 (now Art. 219) (e), (f). Policy Instruction No. 40, (1979) — Employment in Broadcast Industry Employee * United Pepsi-Cola Supervisory Union (UPSU) v. Laguesma, 288 SCRA 15 [1998] G.R. No. 122226; March 25, 1998 Employer-Employee Relationship Factual Test * Sonza v. ABS-CBN Broadcasting Corp., 431 SCRA 583 [2004] G.R. No. 138051; June 10, 2004 Asiatic Development Corp. v. Brogada, 495 SCRA 166 [2006] GR. No. 169136; July 14, 2006 > Villavilla v. CA, 212 SCRA 488 [1992] GR. No. 79664; August 11, 1992 Established * Miguel v. JCT Group, Inc., 453 SCRA 529 [2005] G.R. No. 157752; March 16, 2005 * Wack-Wack Golf and Country Club v. NLRC, 458 SCRA 280 (2005) G.R. No. 149793; April 15, 2005 Factors * Philippine Global Communications, Inc. v. De Vera, 459 SCRA 260 [2005] G.R. No, 157214; June 7, 2005 “ Sonza v. ABS-CBN Broadcasting Corp., 431 SCRA 583 [2004] G.R. No. 138051; June 10, 2004 © Jardin, etc. v. NLRC, 326 SCRA 299 [2000] G.R. No. 119268; Feb 23, 2000 ” Manila Golf, etc. v. IAC, 237 SCRA 207 [1994] G.R. No. 64948; September 27, 1994 "Control Test = UERMMMC— R.D.U. v. Laguesma, cited in Felix v. Buenaseda, 240 SCRA 139 [1995] G.R. No. 109704, January 17, 1995 = R Transport Corp. v. Ejandra, 428 SCRA 725 [2004] G.R. No. 148508; May 20, 2004 © Sonza v. ABS-CBN Broadcasting Corp., 431 SCRA 583 [2004] G.R. No. 138051; June 10, 2004 = Insular Life v. NLRC, 179 SCRA 459 [1989] G.R. No. 84484; Nov 15, 1989 © Almirez v. Infinite Corp. Technology Corp., 481 SCRA 364 [2006] G.R. No, 162401; January 31, 2006 Economic Test © Sevilla v. Court of Appeals, 160 SCRA 171 [1988] G.R. No. L-41182-3; Apr 16, 1988 Agreement ® Insular Life Assurance Co. Ltd. v. NLRC, 287 SCRA 476 [1998] G.R. No. 119930; March 12, 1998 = Chavez v. NLRC, 448 SCRA 478 [2005] G.R. No. 146530; January 17, 2005 = San Miguel Corp. v. Aballa, 461 SCRA 392 [2005] G.R. No. 149011; June 28, 2005 Lopez v. Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System, 462 SCRA 428 [2005] G.R. No. 154472; June 30, 2005 Method Wage Payment ” Lazaro v. SSS, 435 SCRA 472 [2004] G.R. No. 138254; July 30, 2004 = Almirez v. Infinite Corp. Technology Corp., 481 SCRA 364 [2006] G.R. No. 162401; January 31, 2006 Hours of Work * Lazaro v. SSS, 435 SCRA 472 [2004] G.R. No. 138254; July 30, 2004 126.02. Proof Domasig v. NLRC, 261 SCRA 779 [1996] G.R. No. 118101; September 16, 1996 Absence * Abante v. Lamadrid etc., 430 SCRA 368 [2004] G.R. No. 159890; May 28, 2004 Denial © R. Transport Corp. v. Ejandra, 428 SCRA 725 [2004] G.R. No. 148508; May 20, 2004 INDEPENDENT CONTRACTOR AND LABOR CONTRACTOR ONLY — Arts. 106-107; 109; DOLE ORDER No. 18-02, SERIES OF 2002 — Azucena, Essentials of Labor Law, pp. 634-645 A. Independent Contractor Management Function ~ Determination Need * Manila Electric Co. v. Quisumbing, 302 SCRA 173 [1999] G.R. No. 127598; January 27, 1999 Requirements — Independent Contractor > Manila Electric Co., v. Benamira, 463 SCRA 331 [2005] G.R. No. 145271; July 14, 2005 = San Miguel Corp. v. Abaila, 461 SCRA 392 [2005] G.R. No, 149011; June 28, 2005 * Big AA Manufacturer v. Antonio, 484 SCRA 33 [2006] GR. No. 160854; Mar 3, 2006 Desirable ~ Unnecessary * Coca-Cola Bottlers Phils., Inc. v. NLRC, 307 SCRA 131 [1999] G.R. No.120466; May 17, 1999 Employer-Employee * Phil. Airlines, Inc. v. NLRC, 298 SCRA 430 [1998] G.R. No. 125792; November 9, 1998 * Mercury Drug Corp.v. Libunao, 434 SCRA 404 [2004] G.R. No. 144458; July 14, 2004 13Lia ® New Golden City Builders v. CA, 418 SCRA 411 [2003] G.R. No. 154715; December 11, 2003 B. Labor Contractor Only Requisites and Prohibition = Vinoya v. NLRC, 324 SCRA 469 [2000] GR. No. 126586; February 2, 2000 = Manila Water Co. Inc. v. Pefia, 434 SCRA 53 [2004] G.R. No. 158255; July 8, 2004 = Grandspan Development Corp. v. Bernardo, 470 SCRA 461 [2005] GR. No. 141464; September 21, 2005 C. Effect of Finding = Phil, Airlines, Inc. v. NLRC, 296 SCRA 214 [1998] GR. No. 125792; November 9, 1998 = San Miguel Corp. v. MAERC Integrated Services, Inc., 405 SCRA 579 [2003] GR. No. 144672; July 10, 2003 Section 7. Employee Classification STATUTORY REFERENCE: Art. 280 (now Art. 295); Book VI, Rule 1, Sec. 5, Omnibus Rules 7.01. COVERAGE - Art. 278 (now Art. 293) 7.02. EMPLOYEE CLASSIFICATION — Arts. 280-285 (now Arts. 295-300), RECOGNITION Recognition and Types * Philippine Federation of Credit Cooperatives, Inc. v. NLRC, 300 SCRA 72 [1998] GR. No. 121071; December 11, 1998 * Pangilinan v. General Milling Corp., 434 SCRA 159 [2004] G.R. No. 149329; July 12, 2004 147.03. Employer Determination = De Leon v. NLRC, 176 SCRA 615 [1989] G.R. No. 70705; August 21, 1989 <= San Miguel Corporation v. NLRC, 297 SCRA 277 [1998] G.R. No. 107693; July 23, 1998 Tabas v. California Manufacturing Co., Inc. v. NLRC, 169 SCRA 497 [1989] G.R. No. L-80680; January 26, 1989 REGULAR EMPLOYEES — Art. 280 (now Art. 295), 1* par.; Art. 280 (now Art. 295), 2°4 par Classification Rationale = Philips Semiconductors etc v. Fadriquela, 427 SCRA 408 [2004] G.R. No. 141717; April 14, 2004 Nature of Work = Magsalin v. National Organization, etc. 403 SCRA 199 [2003] GR. No. 148492; May 9, 2003 = Hacienda Fatima v. National Federation of Sugarcane Workers Food and General Trade, 396 SCRA 518 [2003] G.R. No. 149440; January 28, 2003 ® Millares v. NLRC, 385 SCRA 307 [2002] GR. No. 110524; July 29, 2002 © Petroleum Shipping Ltd., v. NLRC, 491 SCRA 35 [2006] G.R. No. 148130; June 16, 2006 = Skippers United etc., v. NLRC, 494 SCRA 66 [2006] GR. No. 148893; July 12, 2006 = Pentagon International Shipping, Inc. v. Adelantar, 435 SCRA 342 (2004) G.R. No. 157373; July 27, 2004 © Lopez v. Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System, 462 SCRA 428 [2005] GR. No. 154472; June 30, 2005 Hiring Extend Period @ Audion Electric Co. Inc. v. NLRC, 308 SCRA 340 [1999] GR. No. 106648; June 17, 1999 187.04. Contract to Contract @ Bota Electric Corp. v. NLRC, 182 SCRA 384 [1990] G. R. No. 86408; February 15, 1990 @ Universal Robina Corp. v. Catapang, 473 SCRA 189 [2005] G.R. No.164736; October 14, 2005 Length of Time 2 Maraguinot v. NLRC, 284 SCRA 539 [1998] GR. No.120969; January 22, 1998 z Abesco Construction and Development Corp. v. Ramirez, 487 SCRA 9 [2006] G.R. No. 141168; April 10, 2006 PROJECT EMPLOYEES — Art. 280 (now Art. 295), 1* par. Defined @ ALU-TUCP v. NLRC, 234 SCRA 678 [1994] G.R. No.109902; August 2, 1994 @ Kiamco v. NLRC, 309 SCRA 424 [1999] G.R. No.129449; June 29, 1999 Project Employees 2 Phil. Jai-Alai and Amusement Corp. v. Clave, 126 SCRA 299 [1983] G.R. No. L-54136; December 21, 1983 * Sandoval Shipyards, Inc. v. NLRC, 136 SCRA 674 [1985] GR. No. L-65689; May 31, 1985 2 Imbuido v. NLRC, 329 SCRA 357 [2000] G.R. No.114734; March 31, 2000 « Chua v. Court of Appeals, 440 SCRA 121 SCRA [2004] G.R. No. 150793; November 19, 2004 Rationale © De Ocampo v. NLRC, 186 SCRA 360 [1990] G.R. No. 81077; June 6, 1990 Employer Obligation = A.M. Oreta and Co., Inc. v. NLRC, 176 SCRA 218 [1989] G.R. No. 74004; August 10, 1989 167.05. Specific Period ® Purefoods Corp. v. NLRC, 283 SCRA 133 [1997] G.R. No. 122653; December 12, 1997 * Labayog v. M.Y. San Biscuits, Inc., 494 SCRA 486 [2006] G.R. No. 148102; Jul 11, 2006 Continuous Rehiring * Chua v. Court of Appeals, 440 SCRA 121 [2004] GR. No. 150793. November 19, 2004 * C.E. Construction Corp. v. Cioco, 437 SCRA 648 [2004] G.R. No. 156748; September 8, 2004 Workpool Employees = Maraguinot v. NLRC, 284 SCRA 539 [1998] G.R. No.120969; January 22, 1998 2 J.& D.O. Aguilar Corp. v. NLRC, 269 SCRA 596 [1997] G.R. No.116352; March 13, 1997 ® Abesco Construction and Development Corp. v. Ramirez, 487 SCRA 9 [2006] GR. No. 141168; April 10, 2006 Length of Service ® Palomares v. NLRC, 277 SCRA 439 [1997] G.R. No. 120064; August 15, 1997 © Filipinas Pre-Fabricated Building Systems, Inc. v. Puente, 453 SCRA 820 [2005] G.R. No. 153832; March 18, 2005 CASUAL EMPLOYEES ~ Art. 280 (now Art. 295), 2" par. Nature of Work » A.M. Oreta and Co., Inc. v. NLRC, 176 SCRA 218 [1989] G.R. No. 74004; Aug 10, 1989 One Year Service ™ Kimberly v. Drilon, 185 SCRA 190 [1990] G.R. No. L-77629; May 9, 1990 * San Miguel Corp. v. Aballa, 461 SCRA 392 [2005] G.R. No. 149011; June 28, 2005 77.06. © Integrated Contractor and Plumbing Works, Inc. v. Court of Appeals, 466 SCRA 265 [2005] G.R. No.152427; August 9, 2005 CONTRACT — FIXED PERIOD Tests Validity > Brent School v. Zamora, 181 SCRA 702 [1990] G.R. No. L-48494; February 5, 1990 * Cielo v. NLRC, 193 SCRA 410 [1991] G.R. No. 78693; January 28, 1991 = Millares v. NLRC, 385 SCRA 306 [2002] GR. No, 110524; July 29, 2002 ® Viernes v. NLRC, 400 SCRA 557 [2003] G.R. No. 108405; April 4, 2003 = Philips Semiconductors etc v. Fadriquela, 427 SCRA 408 [2004] GR. No. 141717; April 14, 2004 = Pangilinan v. General Milling Corp., 434 SCRA 159 [2004] GR. No, 149329; July 12, 2004 Seasonal Employees = Magcalas v. NLRC, 269 SCRA 453 [1997] G.R. No. 100333; March 13, 1997 = Phil, Tobacco etc. v. NLRC, 300 SCRA 37 [1998] GR. No. 127395; December 10, 1998 = San Miguel Corp. v. NLRC, 297 SCRA 277 [1998] G.R. No. 125606; October 7, 1998 Manila Hotel v. CIR, 9 SCRA 184 [1963] G.R. No. L-18873; September 30, 1963 * Industrial etc. v. CIR, 16 SCRA 562 [1966] GR No. L-21465; March 31, 1966 * Hacienda Bino v. Cuenca, 456 SCRA 300 [2005] G.R. No. 150478; April 15, 2005 = Poseidon Fishing v. NLRC, 482 SCRA 717 [2006] G.R. No. 168052; February 20, 2006 Section 8. Probationary Employee STATUTORY REFERENCE: - Probationary Employees — Art. 281 (now Art. 296); Art. 61, 2”4 sentence, Book VI, Rule 1, Sec. 6, Omnibus Rules 8.01 PROBATIONARY EMPLOYEES ~ Art. 281 (now Art. 296); Art. 61, 24 SENTENCE, BOOK VI, RULE 1, Sec. 6, OMNIBUS RULES 18Definition © International Catholic Migration Commission v. NLRC, 169 SCRA 508 [1989} GR. No. 72222; January 30, 1989 Phil. Federation of Credit Cooperatives, inc. v. NLRC, 300 SCRA 72 [1998) G.R. No. 121071; December 11, 1998 Purpose Philemploy Services and Resources, Inc. v. Rodriquez, 486 SCRA 302 (2006) G.R. No. 152616; March 31, 2006 Dela Cruz v. NLRC, 418 SCRA 226 [2004] G.R. No. 146739; January 16, 2004 Grand Motors Corp. v. MOLE, 130 SCRA 436 [1984] G.R. No. L-58958; July 16, 1984 International Catholic Migration Commission v. NLRC, 169 SCRA 508 (1989 GR. No. 72222; January 30, 1989 Phil. Federation of Credit Cooperatives, Inc. v. NLRC, 300 SCRA 72 [1998] GR. No. 121071; December 11, 1998 Escorpizo v. University of Baguio, 306 SCRA 497 [1999] GR. No. 121962; April 30, 1999 Employer Right Set Period/Obligation Grand Motors Corp. v. MOLE, 130 SCRA 436 [1984] G.R. No. L-58958; July 16, 1984 Orient Express Placement Philippines v. NLRC, 273 SCRA 256 [1997] G.R. No. 124766; January 30, 1997 Mitsubishi Motors Corp. v. Chrysler Phils. Labor Union, 433 SCRA 206 (2004) GR. No. 148738; June 29, 2004 Duration/Exception » Buiser v. Leogardo, 131 SCRA 151 [1984] G.R. No. L-63316; July 31, 1984 International Catholic Migration Commission v. NLRC, 169 SCRA 508 [1989] G.R. No. 72222; January 30, 1989 Holiday Inn Manila v. NLRC, 226 SCRA 417 [1993] GR. No, 109114; September 14, 1993 19= Bemardo v. NLRC, 310 SCRA 186 [1999] G.R. No. 122917; July 12, 1999 & Mitsubishi Motors Corp. v. Chrysler etc., 433 SCRA 206 [2004] G.R. No. 148738; June 29, 2004 © Alcira v. NLRC, 431 SCRA 508 [2004] G.R. No. 149859; June 9, 2004 Criteria Reqularization = Alcira v. NLRC, 431 SCRA 508 [2004] GR. No. 149859; June 9, 2004 Extension of Contract = Mariwasa Manufacturing Inc. v. Leogardo, 169 SCRA 465 [1989] GR. No. 74246; January 26, 1989 Absorbed Employees = Cebu Stevedoring Co. Inc. v. Regional Director, 168 SCRA 315 [1988] G.R. No. L-54285; December 8, 1988 Double Probation @ A Prime Security Services, Inc. v. NLRC, 322 SCRA 283 [2000] G.R. No. 107320; January 19, 2000 Termination and Salary @ International Catholic Migration Commission v. NLRC, 169 SCRA 508 [1989] G.R. No. 72222; January 30, 1989 ® Orient Express Placement Philippines vs. NLRC, 273 SCRA 256 [1997] GR. No. 113713; June 11, 1997 ® Dela Cruz v. NLRC, 418 SCRA 226 [2004] G.R. No. 146739; January 16, 2004 Rule Private School Teachers ® Chiang Kai Shek College v. Court of Appeals, 437 SCRA 171 [2004] G.R. No. 152988; August 24, 2004 = La Consolacion College v. NLRC, 366 SCRA 226 [2001] G. R. No. 127241; September 28, 2001 20PART TWO - LABOR STANDARDS LAW Purpose = Mariveles Shipyard Corp. v. Court of Appeals, 415 SCRA 573 [2003] G.R. No. 144134; November 11, 2003 Section 1. Employment Policy 1.01. PRE-EMPLOYMENT POLICY — STATEMENT OF OBJECTIVES — Art. 12 R.A. No. 10911 (2016) — Anti-Age Discrimination in Employment Act Section 2. Recruitment and Placement of Workers STATUTORY REFERENCE: Art. 13-29; Book |, Rules III-VIll, Omnibus Rules, Migrant Workers and Overseas Filipinos Act of 1995 (R.A. No, 8042, as amended by R.A. No. 10022) RA. No. 8759 (2000) ~ Public Employment Service Office Act of 1999 ~ Secs. 2- 3 Guidelines on Advertisement for Job Vacancies. Memorandum Circular #16 (1988). DOLE Guidelines on Application for Authority to Conduct Provincial Recruitment and/or Job Fairs. Memorandum Circular No. 87 (1989). DOLE Guidelines for the Conduct of Job Fair by Private Entities. Non-Governmental Organizations and Educational Institutions. DOLE Order No. 2 (2001) Prescribing Additional Requirements, Conditions and Procedures for the Deployment of Performing Artists. DOLE Circular No 01-91-(1991) E.O. No. 857 - Governing the Remittance to the Philippines of Foreign Exchange Earnings of Filipino Workers Abroad and for Other Purposes — 1984 R.A. No. 10706 (2015) ~ Seafarers Protection Act 2.01. RECRUITMENT AND PLACEMENT OF WORKERS ~ DEFINITION — Art. 13(a); Art. 13(b) 24Definition - Law Structure ® People v. Panis, 142 SCRA 664 [1990] GR. Nos. L-58674-77; July 11, 1990 = People v. Sualo, 344 SCRA 605 [2000] G.R. No. 125903; November 15, 2000 oO mployment (Articles 19-24) Eastem Shipping Lines v. POEA, Minister of Labor and Employment, Hearing Officer, Abdul Basar and Kathleen D. Saco, 166 SCRA 533 [1988] G.R. No. 76633; October 18, 1988 © PHILSA International Placement v. Sec. of Labor, 356 SCRA 174 [2001] G.R. NO. 103144; April 4, 2001 °° Pacific Asia Overseas Shipping Corp. v. NLRC, 161 SCRA 122 [1988] G.R. No. 76595; May 6, 1988 °° Millares and Lagda'v. NLRC,385 SCRA 306 [2002] GR. No. 110524; July 29, 2002 » Tierra International Corporation v. NLRC., 256 SCRA 36 [1996] G.R. No. 101825; April 2, 1996 ° Marsaman Manning Agency v. NLRC, 313 SCRA 88 [1999] G.R. No. 127195; August 25, 1999 = Athenna International Manpower Services, Inc. v. Villanos, 456 SCRA 313 [2005] G.R. No. 151303; April 15, 2005 = Norse Management Corp. v. National Seamen Board, 217 SCRA 486 (1982) GR. No. L-54204; September 30, 1982 = NFD International Manning Agents v. NLRC, et al., 284 SCRA 239 [1998] G.R. No. 116629; January 16, 1998 > Philippine Intemational Shipping Corp. v. NLRC, 136 SCRA 605 [1985] GR. No. L-63535; May 27, 1985 Article 20: National Seamen Board ® Virjen Shipping and Marine Services v. NLRC, 115 SCRA 347 [1982], 125 SCRA 577 [1983] G.R. No. L-58011; November 18, 1983 * Chavez v. Bonto-Perez Rayala, et al. 242 SCRA 73 [1995] GR. No. 109808; March 1, 1995 222.02. 2.03, 2.04. 2.05. Requiations of Recruitment and Placement Activities (Articles 25-39) Eastem Assurance and Surety Corp. v. Sec. of Labor, 181 SCRA 110 [1990] G.R. No, L-79436-50; January 17, 1990 "Salazar v. Achacoso, 183 SCRA 145 [1990] G.R. No. 81510; March 14, 1990 Article 34: Prohibited Practices * Soriano v. Offshore Shipping and Manning Corp., 177 SCRA 513 [1989] GR. No. 78409; September 14, 1989 * Seagull Maritime Corp. v. Balatongan, 170 SCRA 813 [1989] GR. No. 82252; February 28, 1989 Article 35: Suspension and/or Cancellation of License or Authority = Royal Grown Internationale v. NLRC, 178 SCRA 569 [1989] G.R. No. 78085; October 16, 1989 * Facilities Management Corp. v. De La Rosa, 89 SCRA 131 [1979] GAR. No. L-38649; March 26, 1979 EMPLOYMENT AGENCY — Art. 13(c), (d), (e), () ALLOWED ENTITIES A. General Rule - Arts. 16, 18, 25, 12(f) B. Allowed Entities — Art. 13(c), (e) a. Private — Art. 13(c) (6) b. — Public- Art. 12(f), 14(g) PROHIBITED ENTITY - Arts. 16, 18, 26 TECHNIQUES OF REGULATION ~ Arts, 25-39 License & People v. Buli-E, 404 SCRA 105 [2003] G.R. No. 123146; June 17, 2003 232.06. ILLEGAL RECRUITMENT — Arts. 38, 34, Sec. 6, R.A. No. 8042 [1995] as amended by R.A. No. 10022 [2010] 2.07. 2.08, Elements of Crime & People v. Ordono, 335 SCRA 331 [2000] GR. No. 143533; July 10, 2000 = People v. Sagayaga, 423 SCRA 468 [2004] GR. No. 143726; February 23, 2004 > People v. Baytic, 398 SCRA 18 [2003] G.R. No. 150530; February 20, 2003 Large Scale & People v. Buli-E, 404 SCRA 105 [2003] GR. No. 123146; June 17, 2003 = People v. Dujua, 422 SCRA 169 [2004] G.R. Nos. 149014-16; February 5, 2004 © People v. Reyes, 242 SCRA 264 [1995] G.R. No.135682; March 26, 2003 Referrals ® People v. Meris, 328 SCRA 33 [2000] G.R. No.117145-50 & 117447; March 28, 2000 = People v. Fortuna, 395 SCRA 354 [2003] G.R. No.148137; January 16, 2003 Employees # People v. Corpuz, 412 SCRA 479 [2003] G.R. No, 148198; October 1, 2003 * People v. Sagayaga, 423 SCRA 468 [2004] G.R. No. 143726; February 23, 2004 > People v. Gutierrez, 422 SCRA 32 [2004] GR. No.124439; February 5, 2004 ENFORCEMENT AND SANCTIONS — Arts. 36-39 + Executive Secretary v. Court of Appeals, 429 SCRA 81 [2004] GR. No. 131719; May 25, 2004 LIABILITY OF AGENCY = G&M (Phil) Inc. v. Batomalaque, 461 SCRA 111 [2005] G.R. No.151849; June 23, 2005 242.09, MIGRANT WORKERS ACT - R.A. No. 8042, Secs. 2, 4; 6; and 10, as amended by R.A. No. 10022 = Phil. Employ Services, etc. v. Paranio, 427 SCRA 732 [2004] G.R. No. 144786; April 15, 2004 = Placewell int., Services, Corp., v. Camote, 492 SCRA 761 [2006] GR. No. 169973; June 26, 2006 Section 3. Alien Employment STATUTORY REFERENCE: Arts. 40-42; Revised Guidelines for Issuances of Employment Permit — 1988; Department Order No. 146-15, series of 2015 — Revised Rules for the Issuance of Employment Permits to Foreign Nationals 3.01. COVERAGE Non-Resident Alien 2 Almodiel v. NLRC, 223 SCRA 341 [1993] G.R. No. 100641; June 14, 1993 3.02. TECHNIQUE REGULATION - EMPLOYMENT PERMIT — Arts. 40-42; Art. Xil, Sec. 12, CONSTITUTION R.A. No. 7916 — The Special Economic Zone Act of 1995 - Secs. 2(b); 3(c); 4, 10; 40 R.A. No, 7918 — Amending Omnibus Investments Code of 1987 — Sec. 39(9) Authority Employment Permit - Issuance ® General Milling Corporation v. Torres, 196 SCRA 215 [1991] G.R. No. 93666; April 22, 1991 Section 4. Employment of Apprentices, Learners and Handicapped Workers STATUTORY REFERENCE: Arts. 57-81; Technical Education and Skills Development Authority Act of 1994, R.A. No. 7796; Dual Training Systems Act of 1994 (R.A. No. 7686); Magna Carta for Disabled Persons (R.A. No. 7277) 4.01. POLICY OBJECTIVES ~ Secs. 2-3, R.A. No. 7796 254.02. 4.03, 4.04. APPRENTICE APPRENTICE A. Defined— Sec. 4() (R.A. No. 7796) B. —_ Apprenticeable Occupation — Sec. 4(m), (R.A. No. 7796) C. Qualification - Sec. 12, R.A. No. 7610, as amended by R.A. No. 7658 and R.A. No. 9231 D. Allowed Employment Requirement Program Approval = Nitto Enterprises v. NLRC, 248 SCRA 654 [1995] G.R. No. 114337; September 29, 1995 E. Terms and Conditions of Employment — Arts. 61, 72 F. Costs—Art. 71 G. Enforcement — Arts. 65, 66, 67 LEARNERS LEARNERS A. Defined - Sec. 4 (R.A. No. 7796) B. Allowed Employment — Art. 75(b) C. Terms and Conditions of Employment — Arts. 75, 76 HANDICAPPED WORKERS HANDICAPPED WORKER ~ R.A. No. 7277 (1992, MAGNA CARTA FOR DISABLED PERSONS) A. Defined — Sees. 4(a), (b), (c), (d), 1-8 (R.A. No. 7277) B. Allowed Employment — Sec. 5 (R.A. No. 7277) Regular Worker » Bernardo v. NLRC, 310 SCRA 186 [1999] GR. No. 122917; July 12, 1999 Section 5. Conditions of Employment - Hours of Work STATUTORY REFERENCE: Arts. 82-90, Book Ill, Rules 1, 1A, II, Omnibus. Rules Implementing the Labor Code 265.01. 5.02. 5.03. 5.04. HOURS REGULATION Rationale and Enforcement @ Manila Terminal Co. Inc. v. CIR, 91 Phil. 625 [1952] G.R. No. L-4148; July 16, 1952 COVERAGE — Arts. 82-90 Rationale Exemption — Managerial Employees * Pefiaranda v. Baganga Plywood Corp., 489 SCRA 94 [2006] G.R. No. 159577; May 3, 2006 =~ Asia Pacific Chartering, Inc. v. Farolan, 393 SCRA 454 [2002] G.R. No.151370; December 4, 2002 = National Waterworks and Sewerage Authority v. NAWASA Consolidated Unions, 11 SCRA 766 [1964] GR. No. L-18939, August 31, 1964 = Samson v. NLRC, 330 SCRA 460 [2000] G.R. No. 121035; April 12, 2000 Tests - Field Personne! = Union of Filipino Employees v. Vivar, 205 SCRA 200 [1992] GR. No. 79255; January 20, 1992 @ Salazar v. NLRC, 256 SCRA 273 [1996] GR. No 109210; April 17, 1996 Merdicar Fishing Corp. v. NLRC, 297 SCRA 440 [1998] GR. No. 112574; October 8, 1998 = Auto Bus Transport Systems, Inc. v. Bautista, 458 SCRA 578 [2005] GR. No. 156367; May 16, 2005 a Rationale Exemption — Piece Worker * Red V Coconut Products Ltd. v. CIR, 17 SCRA 553 [1966] GR. No.L-21348; June 30, 1966 NORMAL HOURS OF WORK - Art. 83 HOURS WORKED ~ Art. 84 Idle Time * National Development Co. v. CIR, 6 SCRA 763 [1962] G.R. No. L-15422; November 30, 1962 275.05. 5.06. 7 Luzon Stevedoring Co. v. Luzon Marine Development Union, 101 Phil 257 [1957] G.R. No. L-9265; April 29, 1957 Continuous Work * State Marine Corporation v. Cebu Seamen's Association, 7 SCRA 294 [1963] GR. No. L-12444; February 28, 1963 Waiting Time © Arica v. NLRC, 170 SCRA 776 [1989] GR. No. 78210; February 28, 1989 Travel Time * Rada v. NLRC, 205 SCRA 69 [1992] G.R. No. 96078; January 9, 1992 Entry Time Cards = Prangan v. NLRC, 289 SCRA 142 [1998] G.R. No. 126529; April 15, 1998 = Nicario v. NLRC, 295 SCRA 619 [1998] G.R. No. 125340; September 17, 1998 Aklan Electric Coop., Inc. v. NLRC, 323 SCRA 258 [2000] G.R. No. 121439; January 25, 2000 MEAL PERIOD - Art. 85 | Meal Time - Free Time *” Pan-American Airways v. Pan-American Employees Association, 1 SCRA 527 [1961] G.R. No. L-16275; February 23, 1961 ® Phil. Airlines, Inc. v. NLRC, 302 SCRA 582 [1999] G.R. No. 132805; February 2, 1999 | OVERTIME WORK AND OFFSETTING PROHIBITION - Arts. 87-90 Definition and Rationale ~ Overtime Pay ® Philippine National Bank v. Philippine National Bank Employees Association, 115 SCRA 507 [1982] G.R. No.L-30279; July 30, 1982 285.07. ® Caltex Regular Employees, etc. v. Caltex (Phils.) inc., 247 SCRA 398 [1995] G.R. No. 102993; July 14, 1995 ® Manila Terminal Co., Inc. v. CIR, 91 Phil. 625 [1952] GR. No. L-4148, July 16, 1952 No Computation Formula Basic Contract * Manila Terminal Co., Inc. v. CIR, 91 Phil. 625 [1952] G.R. No. L-4148, July 16, 1952 Built-in Compensation ® Engineering Equipment Inc. v. MOLE, 138 SCRA 616 [1985] G.R. No. L-64967, September 23, 1985 Proof of Work = Lagatic v. NLRC, 285 SCRA 251 [1998] GR. No. 121004. January 28, 1998 * Social Security System v. Court of Appeals, 348 SCRA 1 [2000] G.R. No. 100388. December 14, 2000 = Villar v. NLRC, 331 SCRA 686 [2000] GR. No. 130935. May 11, 2000 Employer Obligation 2 Social Security System v. Court of Appeals, 348 SCRA 1 [2000] G.R. No. 100388, December 14, 2000 NIGHT WORK - Art. 86 Rationale Prohibition * Shell Oil Co. of the Philippines, Ltd. v. National Labor Union, 81 Phil. 315 [1948] G.R. No. L-797, July 24, 1948 Section 6. Conditions of Employment — Weekly Rest Periods STATUTORY REFERENCE:- Arts. 91-93; Book Il, Rule Ill, Omnibus Rules Implementing the Labor Code 296.01. 6.02. 6.03. 6.04. Rationale = Manila Electric Co. v. Public Utilities Employees Assn., 79 Phil. 409 GR No. L-1206, October 30, 1947 COVERAGE - Arts. 82, 91 (a) SCHEDULING OF REST DAY - Art. 91(b) COMPULSORY WORK AND COMPENSATION - Art. 92 Section 7. Conditions of Employment - Holidays STATUTORY REFERENCE:- Arts. 94-95, Exec. Order No. 203, (1984); 7.01 7.02. 7.03. Book Ill, Rule IV, Omnibus Rules COVERAGE - Art. 94(a) Coverage and Purpose © Mantrade/FMC Division Employees and Workers Union v. Bacungan, 144 SCRA 510 [1986] G.R. No. L-48437 September 30, 1986 = San Miguel Corp. v. Court of Appeals, 375 SCRA 311 [2002] G.R. No. 146775. January 30, 2002 = Asian Transunion Corp. v. Court of Appeals, 425 SCRA 478 [2004] G.R. No. 144664 March 15, 2004 HOLIDAYS - E.O. 203, JUNE 30, 1984. Code of Muslim Personal Laws of the Philippines. P.D. No. 1083 (1977) — Art. 169 HOLIDAY PAY - Art. 94 Faculty PrivateSchoot = Jose Rizal College v. NLRC, 156 SCRA 27 [1987] G.R. No. L-65482, December 1, 1987 Divisor as Factor > Union of Filipro Employees v. Vivar, 205 SCRA 200 [1992] G.R. No. 79255, January 20, 1992 = Transasia Phils. Employer Assn. v. NLRC, 320 SCRA 547 [1999] GR. No. 118289, December 13, 1999 30Computation = Agga v. NLRC, 298 SCRA 285 [1998] G.R. No, 123882. November 16, 1998 ‘Sunday = Wellington Investment Inc. v. Trajano, 245 SCRA 561 [1995] GR. No. 114698, July 3, 1995 Proof of Payment = Building Care Corp. v. NLRC, 268 SCRA 666 [1997] G.R. No. 94237. February 26, 1997 Section 8. Conditions of Employment - Leaves A. SERVICE INCENTIVE LEAVE STATUTORY REFERENCE: - Art. 95; Book III, Rule V, Omnibus Rules 8.01. COVERAGE - Art. 95 (a) (b) Coverage = Makati Haberdashery Inc. v. NLRC, 178 SCRA 449 [1989] G.R. Nos. 83380-81 November 15, 1989 8.02. ENTITLEMENT AND ARBITRATION - Art. 95 (a) (c) 8.03. COMPUTATION AND LIABILITY = Sentinel Security Agency, Inc. v. NLRC, 295 SCRA 123 [1998] G.R. No. 122468. September 3, 1998 = Auto Bus Transport Systems, Inc. v. Bautista, 458 SCRA 578 [2005] G.R. No. 156367; May 16, 2005 B. PATERNITY LEAVE - Paternity Leave Act of 1996 (R.A. No. 8187 and Implementing Rules) C. | MATERNITY LEAVE - Sec. 14-A (R.A. No. 8282) D. VACATION AND SICK LEAVE R.A. No. 8972 - An Act Providing For Benefits... To Solo Parents — Secs. 2,68 a4Section 9. Wages A Wages - In General STATUTORY REFERENCE:- Arts. 97-119; Book III, Rules VII-VIIl, Omnibus 9.01. Rules COVERAGE - Arts. 97 (b) (c) (e); 98 Government Agency = Phil. Fisheries Development Authority v. NLRC, 213 SCRA 621 [1992] G.R. No. 94825 September 4, 1992 9.02. WAGE - Art. 97(f); CONSTITUTION, Art. III Defined = Chavez v. NLRC, 448 SCRA 478 [2005] G.R. No. 146530. January 17, 2005 © Mayon Hotel and Restaurants v. Adana, 458 SCRA 609 [2005] G.R. No. 157634. May 16, 2005 Fair Day Pay © Aklan Electric Cooperative., Inc. v. NLRC, 323 SCRA 258 [2000] G.R. No. 121439; January 25, 2000 rimination = International School Alliance of Educators v. Quisumbing, 333 SCRA 43 [2000} G.R. No. 128845; June 1, 2000 = Philex Gold Phils. Inc, v, Philex Bulawan Supervisors Union, 468 SCRA 111 [2005] G.R. No. 149758, August 25, 2005 * Bankard Employers Union v. NLRC, 423 SCRA 148 [2004] GR. No. 140689. February 17, 2004 Facilities and Supplements - DOLE Order No. 4 (1988) - Valuation of Meals and Other Fac = States Marine Corporation v. Cebu Seamen's Association Inc., 7 SCRA 294 [1963] GR. No.L-12444 February 28, 1963 32= Millares v. NLRC, 305 SCRA 500 [1999] G.R. No. 122827. March 29, 1999 Tips = Ace Navigation Co. inc. v. C.A., 338 SCRA 70 [2000] G.R. No. 140364. August 15, 2000 Cash Wage/Commissions * Songco v. NLRC, 183 SCRA 610 [1990] G.R. No. L-60999, March 23, 1990 = Iran v. NLRC, 289 SCRA 433 [1998] G.R. No. 121927. April 22, 1998 Wages and Salary = Gaa v. Court of Appeals, 140 SCRA 304 [1985] GR. No. L-44169, December 3, 1985 = Equitable Banking Corp. v. Sadac, 490 SCRA 380 [2006] GR. No. 164772, June 8, 2006 Gratuity and Wages = Plastic Town Center Corp. v. NLRC, 172 SCRA 580 [1989] G.R. No. 81176 April 19, 1989 13" Month Pay » Agabon v. NLRC, 442 SCRA 573 [2004] GR. No. 158693; November 17, 2004 Payment of Wages STATUTORY REFERENCE: - Arts. 102-104; Sec. 7, R.A. No. 6727 9.03. FORM — Art. 102; Payment of Salary Thru ATM (DOLE 1996) Full Payment * Lopez Sugar Corp. v. Franco, 458 SCRA 515 [2005] GR. No. 148195. May 16, 2005 * G &M (Phil) Inc. v. Batomalaque, 461 SCRA 111 [2005] GR. No. 151849; June 23, 2005 339.04. 9.05 9.06. 9.07. 9.08. 9.09. Payroll Payment = Chavez v. NLRC, 448 SCRA 478 [2005] G.R. No. 146530. January 17, 2005 = Phil. Global Communications, Inc. v. De Vera, 459 SCRA 260 [2005] GR. No. 157214. June 7, 2005 Cash Wages = Congson v. NLRC, 243 SCRA 260 [1995] G.R. No. 114250. Apiil 5, 1995 Payroll Entries © Karasia, Inc. v. Corono, 437 SCRA 184 [2004] G.R. No. 154985. August 24, 2004 TIME PAYMENT — Art. 103 PLACE PAYMENT — Art. 104 See: Labor Advisory on Payment of Salaries Thru Automated Teller Machine (ATM) DIRECT PAYMENT — Art. 105 CONTRACTOR — SUB CONTRACTOR — Arts. 106-109 See: Labor Advisory No. 10, series of 2016 — Prohibition Against Labor- Only Contracting PROHIBITION REGARDING WAGES NON-INTERREFERENCE — DISPOSAL WAGES ~ Art. 112 WAGE DEDUCTION — Arts. 113, 117 Wage Deduction = Radio Communications of the Phils. Inc. v. Sec. of Labor, 169 SCRA 38 1989} GR. No. 77959, January 9, 1989 = Apodaca v. NLRC, 172 SCRA 442 [1989] GR. No. 80039, April 18, 19899.10. 9.11 9.12 Check-off — Art. 113 (b) = Manila Trading and Supply Co. v. Manila Trading Labor Assn., 93 Phil. 288 [1953] G.R. No, L-5062, April 29, 1953 DEPOSIT — Arts. 114-115 = Dentech Manufacturing Corp. v. NLRC, 172 SCRA 588 [1989] G.R. No. 81477, April 19, 1989 © Five J Taxi v. NLRC, 235 SCRA 556 [1994] G.R. No. 111474, August 22, 1994 WITHHOLDING OF WAGES - Art. 116; RECORD KEEPING — Art. 119 Garnishment/Attachment = Special Stee! Corp. v. Villareal, 434 SCRA 19 [2004] G.R. No. 143304. July 8, 2004 © Pacific Customs Brokerage, Inc. v. Inter-Island Dockmen and Labor Union, 89 Phil. 722 [1951] G.R. No. L-4610, August 24, 1951 = GAA v. Court of Appeals, 140 SCRA 304 [1985] G.R. No. L-44169, December 3, 1985 Record Keeping * South Motorist Enterprises v. Tosoc, 181 SCRA 386 [1990] G.R. No. 87449, January 23, 1990 Other Forms of Remuneration SERVICE CHARGES - Art. 96; BOOK III, RULE VI, OMNIBUS RULES. Service Charges * Maranaw Hotels etc. v. NLRC, 303 SCRA 540 [1999] G.R. No. 123880. February 23, 1999 Tips * Ace Navigation Co., Inc. v. Court of Appeals, 338 SCRA 70 [2000] G.R. No. 140364. August 15, 2000 359.13, THIRTEENTH MONTH PAY (PRES. DECREE NO. 851) Coverage — Revised Guidelines on the Implementation of 13 Month Pay Law, 16 November 1987 — Secs. 1-8; P.D. No. 851 Coverage = Ultra Villa Food Haus v. Geniston, 309 SCRA 17 [1999] GR. No. 120473, June 23, 1999 = Petroleum Shipping Ltd., v. NLRC, 491 SCRA 35 [2006] G.R. No. 148130, June 16, 2006 Manner of Wage Payment ® Jackson Building, etc. v. NLRC, 246 SCRA 329 [1995] GR. No. 111515, July 14, 1995 Wage Difference = JPL Marketing Promotions v. Court of Appeals, 463 SCRA 136 [2005] G.R. No. 151966, July 8, 2005 Househelpers = Ultra Villa Food Haus v. Geniston, 309 SCRA 17 [1999] G.R. No. 120473, June 23, 1999 Government Employees * Alliance of Government Workers v. Minister of Labor, 124 SCRA 1 [1983] G.R. No, L-60403; August 3, 1983 Terminated Employees = Achilles Manufacturing Corp. v. NLRC, 244 SCRA 750 [1995] G.R. No. 107225, June 2, 1995 Rationale ~ P. D. No. 851 — Whereas Clauses and Limitations Basic Wage / Commissions = Boie Takeda v. Dela Serna, 228 SCRA 329 [1993] G.R. No. L-92174, December 10, 1993 Phil. Duplicators Inc. v. NLRC, 241 SCRA 380 [1995] G.R. No. 110068, February 15, 1995 369.14. @ Iran v. NLRC, 289 SCRA 433 [1998] G.R. No. 121927, April 22, 1998 © Honda Phils. Inc. v. Samahan ng Malayang Manggagawa sa Honda, 460 SCRA 185 [2005] G.R. No. 145561. June 15, 2005 Substitute Payment = Framanlis Farms, Inc. v. MOLE, 171 SCRA 87 [1989] G.R. No. 72616-17, March 8, 1989 14 Month Pay = Kamaya Port Hotel v. NLRC, 177 SCRA 160 [1989] G.R. No. 75289, August 31, 1989 Diminution = Davao Fruits Corp. v. Associated Labor Unions, 225 SCRA 562 [1993] G.R. No. 85073, August 24, 1993 BONUS Management Function = Businessday Information Systems and Services, Inc. v. NLRC, 221 SCRA 9 [1993] G.R. No. 103575, April 5, 1993 = Asian Transunion Corp. v. Court of Appeals, 425 SCRA 478 [2004] G.R. No. 144664, March 15, 2004 Nature-Bonus-When Demandable = American Wire and Cable Daily Rated Employees Union v. American Wire and Cable Co., Inc., 457 SCRA 684 [2005] G.R. No. 155059. April 29, 2005 Luzon Stevedoring Corp. v. CIR, 15 SCRA 660 [1965] G.R. No. L-17411; December 31, 1965 Liberators Steamship Co., Inc. v. CIR, 23 SCRA 1105 [1968] G.R. No. L-25389; June 27 1968 = Marcos v. NLRC, 248 SCRA 146 [1995] G.R. No. 111744; September 8, 1995 Philippine National Construction Corp. v. NLRC, 307 SCRA 218 [1999] G.R. No. 128345; May 18, 1999 Producers Bank of the Phils. v. NLRC, 355 SCRA 489 [2001] G.R. No. 100701. March 28, 2001 4 379.15 9.16. 9.17. = Philippine Duplicators Inc. v. NLRC, 241 SCRA 380 [1995] GR. No. 110068; February 15, 1995 ® Manila Electric Co. v. Quisumbing, 302 SCRA 173 [1999] GR. No. 127598; January 27, 1999 = Producers Bank of the Phils. v. NLRC, 355 SCRA 489 [2001] G.R. No. 100701; March 28, 2001 = Phil. Appliance Corp. v. Court of Appeals, 430 SCRA 525 [2004] G.R. No. 149434; June 3, 2004 PRODUCTIVITY INCENTIVES ACT OF 1990 — R. A. No. 6971 Wage Recovery, Liabilities and Worker Preference LIABILITY OF EMPLOYER AND OTHER PARTIES Employer, Independent Contractor and Sub-Contractor and Labor Only Contracting 106-109 Liabilities Sentinel Security Agency Inc. v. NLRC, 298 SCRA 562 [1998] G.R. No. 122468. September 3, 1998 = Lapanday Agricultural Development Corporation v. Court of Appeals, 324 SCRA 39 [2000] G.R. No, 112139. January 31, 2000 © OSM Shipping Phils. Inc. v. NLRC, 398 SCRA 606 [2003] G.R. No. 138193. March 5, 2003 ® Manila Electric Co. v. Banamira, 463 SCRA 331 [2005] GR. No, 145271; July 14, 2005 WORKER PREFERENCE — BANKRUPTCY — Art. 110, LABOR CODE; NEW CIVIL CODE, Arts. 1707, 2241, 2242, 2244 Civil Code — Labor Code » Republic v. Peralta, 150 SCRA 37 [1987] GR. No, L-56568; May 20, 1987 = Phil. Export etc. v. Court of Appeals, 251 SCRA 354 [1995] G.R. No, 118701; December 20, 1995 * Barayoga v. Asset Privatization Trust, 473 SCRA 690 [2005] G.R. No, 160073: October 24, 2005 Receivership & Rubberworid (Phils.), Inc. v. NLRC, 336 SCRA 433 [2000] G.R. No.128003; July 26, 2000 389.18. WAGE RECOVERY AND ATTORNEYS FEES ~ Arts. 128, 129, 224 (now Art. 230), 111 @ Placewell international, etc. v. Camote, 492 SCRA 761 [2006] G.R. No. 169973; June 26, 2006 F, Minimum Wages STATUTORY REFERENCE: Arts. 126-127; Book Ill, Rule IX, Omnibus Rules; RA. No. 6727 9.19. WAGES AND THE CONSTITUTION - Art. Xill, Sec. 3 9.20. 9.21. 9.22. Minimum Wages = Atok Big Wedge Mining Co., Inc. v. Atok Big Wedge Mutual Benefit Association, 92 Phil. 755 [1953] G.R. No. L-5276; March 3, 1953 Beneficiaries = People v. Gatchalian, 104 Phil. 664 [1958] GR. No. L-12011-14; September 30, 1958 Effect Inability Pay = Phil. Apparel Workers Union v. NLRC, 106 SCRA 444 [1981] G.R. No. L-50320, July 31, 1981 AGENCIES FOR WAGE FIXING MACHINERY A. National Wages and Productivity Commission — Arts. 120, 121 and B. hes Tripartite Wages and Productivity Board - Arts. 122, 126 Functions = Nasipit Lumber Co. v. NWCP, 289 SCRA 339 [2003] G.R. No. 128296; September 8, 2003 AREA MINIMUM WAGES AND CRITERIA - Art. 124 WAGE OF ORDER ~ Arts. 123-124 39Methods of Fixing = Employers Confederation of the Phil. V. National Wages and Productivity Commission, 201 SCRA 759 [1991] GR. No. 96169; September 21, 1991 Requirements Validity = Cagayan Sugar Milling Co. v. Secretary of Labor, 284 SCRA 150 [1998] GR. No. 128399. January 15, 1998 Price Worker = Lambo v. NLRC, 317 SCRA 420 [1999] G.R. No. 111042 : October 26, 1999 = Pulp ete. v. NLRC, 279 SCRA 408 [1997] G.R. No. 116593. September 24, 1997 Wage Distortion ® National Federation of Labor v. NLRC, 234 SCRA 311 [1994] GR. No. 103586; July 21, 1994 © Prubankers Assn. v. Prudential Bank and Co., 302 SCRA 74 [1999] GR. No. 131247. January 25, 1999 = Associated Labor Union v. NLRC, 235 SCRA 395 [1994] GR. No. 109328; August 16, 1994 = Bankard Employees Union etc. v. NLRC, 423 SCRA 148 [2004] G.R. No. 140689, February 17, 2004 9.23. EFFECT ON BENEFITS — Art. 100 = Prubankers Assn. v. Prudential Bank and Co., 302 SCRA 74 [1999] G.R. No. 131247. January 25, 1999 Section 10 - Women Workers STATUTORY REFERENCE — Arts. 132-140 (now Arts. 130-138, as amended by R.A. No. 10151), Book II!, Rule XI!, Omnibus Rules Implementing Labor Code; R.A No. 7877; R.A. No. 8184; and R.A. No. 8282 Women Workers ® Phil. Telegraph and Telephone Co., v. NLRC, 272 SCRA 596 [1997] GR. No. 118978; May 23, 1997 4010.02. COVERAGE — BOOK III, RULE XIII, SEC. 1, OMNIBUS RULES 10.03. PROHIBITED ACTS 1) Night Work and Exception — Arts. 130-131 (repealed by R.A. No. 10151) 2) Discrimination — Art. 135 (now Art. 133) 3) Marriage — Art. 136 (now Art. 134) 4) General — Art. 137 (now Art. 135) 10.04. FACILITIES — Arts. 132, 134 (now Arts. 130, 132) 10.05. SPECIAL CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIAL WOMEN WORKERS — Art 138 (now Art. 136) 10.06. MATERNITY LEAVE - SEE SOCIAL SECURITY ACT OF 1997, Sec. 14- AAND PATERNITY LEAVE ACT OF 1996, R.A. NO. 8187 10.07. SEXUAL HARASSMENT — R.A. 7877 [1995] POLICY — Sec. 2 WORK RELATED ENVIRONMENT — Sec. 3, 3(a) (1-3) EDUCATION OR TRAINING-RELATED ENVIRONMENT - Sec. 3, 3(b) (ay DUTY EMPLOYER - Sec. 4 LIABILITY EMPLOYER — Sec. 5 REMEDIES — Secs. 6-7 © Libres v. NLRC, 307 SCRA 675 [1999] G.R. No, 123737. May 28, 1999 * Phil. Aelous Automative United Corp. v. NLRC, 331 SCRA 237 [2000] G.R. No. 124617. April 28, 2000 Section 11. Minors STATUTORY REFERENCE: Arts. 137-138; R.A. No. 7610 as amended by R.A. No. 7658, Special Protection of Children Against Child Abuse, etc. R.A. No. 7610 as Amended by R.A. 7658 11,01. MINORS AND THE CONSTITUTION ~ Art. Il, Sec. 13 11.02 LAW - Art. VII, WORKING CHILDREN, R.A. No. 7610, AS AMENDED BY R.A. NO. 7658 AND R.A. No. 9231 — Secs. 2, 3, 12-16 11.03 DISCRIMINATION ~ Art. 140 (now Art. 138) 4Section 12. Househelpers STATUTORY REFERENCE: R.A. 10361 Domestic Workers Act “Kasambahay Law”, 18 January 2013; [Arts. 141-152 (now Arts. 139-150) repealed by the “Kasambahay Law’); Book Ill, Rule Xill, Omnibus Rules; Civil Code of the Philippines, R.A. No. 386 as Amended; and Minimum Wage of Househelpers, R.A. 7655 12.01. COVERAGE — Art. 141 (now Art. 139) (now Sec. of Kasambahay Law) 12.02. HOUSEHELPERS - Art. 141 (now Art. 139) (now Sec. of Kasambahay Law) 12,03 NON-HOUSEHOLD WORK ASSIGNMENT — Art. 145 (now Art. 143) (now Sec. of Kasambahay Law) © Barcenas v. NLRC, 187 SCRA 498 [1990] G.R. No, 87210; July 16, 1990 Apex Mining Co. v. NLRC, 196 SCRA 251 [1991] G.R. No. 94951; April 22, 1991 12.04 CONDITIONS OF EMPLOYMENT - Arts. 141-152 (now Arts. 139-150) (now Sec. of Kasambahay Law); Arts. 1689-1999, NEW CIVIL CODE © Ultra Villa Food Haus v. Geniston, 308 SCRA 17 [1999] GR. No.120473. June 23, 1999 *Note changes brought about by the “Kasambahay Law” Section 13. Homeworkers 13.01. COVERAGE AND REGULATION — Arts. 153, 155 (now Arts. 151, 153); See DEPARTMENT ORDER NO. 5, DOLE, FEBRUARY 2, 1992 13.02. EMPLOYER — Art. 155 (now Art. 153) Section 14. Termination of Employment STATUTORY REFERENCE: - Arts. XIll, Sec. 3, Constitution; Arts. 282-286 (now Arts. 297-301); Art. 277 (now Art. 292) (b); Book VI, Rule |, Secs. |, Secs. 1-8, Omnibus Rules. Book VI, Rule I-A, Omnibus Rules, as amended by Department Order No. 147-15, series of 2015. 42A. GENERAL CONCEPTS 14.01. SECURITY OF TENURE A. Nature of Security of Tenure * Sonza v. ABS-CBN Broadcasting Corp., 431 SCRA 583 [2004] G.R. No. 138051; June 10, 2004 @ Alhambra Industries, Inc. v. NLRC, 238 SCRA 232 [1994] G.R. No. 106771; November 18, 1994 * Manila Electric Co. v. NLRC, 186 SCRA 763 [1991] G.R. No. L-60054; July 2, 1991 * City Trust Banking Corp. v. NLRC, 258 SCRA 621 [1996] G.R. No. 104860. July 11, 1996 * Philips Semiconductors etc. v. Fadriquela, 427 SCRA 408 [2004] G.R. No. 141717; April 14, 2004 * Quijano v. Bartolabac, 480 SCRA 204 [2006] A.C. No. 5649; January 27, 2006 B. Importance of Employment Employment © Gonzales v. NLRC, 313 SCRA 169 [1999] GR. No. 125735. August 26, 1999 C. State Regulation — Rationale Rationale ® Llosa-Tan v. Silahis International Hotel, 181 SCRA 738 [1990] G.R. No. 77457; February 5, 1990 D. — Coverage — Art. 278 (now Art. 293) Contract Employee = Labajo v. Alejandro, 165 SCRA 747 [1988] G.R. No. 80383; September 26, 1988 Probationary Employee = Skillworld Management and Marketing Corporation v. NLRC,186 SCRA 465 [1990] GR. No. 74412; June 13, 1990 43E. F. Managerial Employee © Interorient Maritime Enterprises Inc. v. NLRC, 235 SCRA 268 (1994) GR. No. 115266; August 11, 1994 Management Rights and Security of Tenure = Colegio de San Juan de Letran v. Assn. Of Employees, etc., 340 SCRA 587 [2000] GR. No. 141471. September 18, 2000 = San Miguel Brewery etc. v. Ople, 170 SCRA 25 [1989] G.R. No. L-53515; February 8, 1989 Guidelines on Imposition of Penalties ® Valiao v. Court of Appeals, 435 SCRA 543 [2004] G.R. No. 146621. July 30, 2004 © Farrol v. Court of Appeals, 325 SCRA 331 [2000] G.R. No.133259. February 10, 2000 @ VH Manufacturing Inc. v. NLRC, 322 SCRA 417 [2000] G.R. No. 130957. January 19, 2000 & Reyno v. Manila Electric Co., 434 SCRA 660 [2004] G.R. No. 148105. July 22, 2004 Factors ‘Associated Labor Union v. NLRC, 302 SCRA 708 [1999] see pp. 714-716 G.R. No. 120450 February 10, 1999 ® Philippine Long Distance Telephone Co. Inc. v. NLRC, 303 SCRA 9 [1999] G.R. No. 106947. February 11, 1999 Dismissal as Penalty * Cebu Filveneer Corp. v. NLRC, 286 SCRA 556 [1998] GR. No. 126601. February 24, 1998 * Golden Thread Knitting Industries, Inc. v. NLRC, 304 SCRA 568 [1999] GR. No. 119157. March 11, 1999 = Central Pangasinan Elec. Corp. v. Macaraeg, 395 SCRA 720 [2003] GR. No. 145800. January 22, 2003G. = Philips Semiconductors etc. v. Fadriquela, 427 SCRA 408 (2004) G.R. No. 141717. April 14, 2004 G. Rules — Managerial and Rank and Rank File Employee ® Salvador v. Phil. Mining Services Corp., 395 SCRA 729 [2003] G.R. No.148766. January 22, 2003 = Caoile v. NIRC, 299 SCRA 76 [1998] G.R. No. 115491. November 24, 1998 TERMINATION OF EMPLOYMENT BY EMPLOYEE 14.02. CAUSES A. Just Causes — Art. 285 (now Art. 300) (b) B. — Without Just Cause — Requisites — Art. 285 (now Art. 300) (a) C. Resignation Definition 2 Habana v. NLRC, 298 SCRA 537 [1998] G.R. No. 121486. November 16, 1998 Reauisites = Azcor Manufacturing Inc. v. NLRC, 303 SCRA 26 [1999] G.R. No. 117963. February 11, 1999 = Metro Transit Organization Inc. v. NLRC, 284 SCRA 308 [1998] GR. No. 122046. January 16, 1998 Voluntary Resignati * Phil. Wireless Inc. v. NLRC, 310 SCRA 653 [1999] GR. No. 112963; July 20, 1999 = Pascua v. NLRC, 287 SCRA 554 [1998] GR. No. 123518 : March 13, 1998 * Azcor Manufacturing Inc. v. NLRC, 303 SCRA 26 [1999] G.R. No. 117963. February 11, 1999 * Valdez v. NLRC, 286 SCRA 87 [1998] GR. No. 125028. February 9, 1998 4514.04, Validity of Policy & Manila Broadcasting Co. v. NLRC, 294 SCRA 486 [1998] G.R. No. 121975. August 20, 1998 NO TERMINATION — PERFORMANCE OF MILITARY OR CIVIC DUTY — Art. 286 (now Art. 301); BOOK VI, RULE I, SEC. 12, OMNIBUS RULES TERMINATION OF EMPLOYMENT BY EMPLOYER Preliminary Matters BASIS OF RIGHT AND REQUIREMENTS Basis = Gutierrez v. Singer Sewing Machine Co., 411 SCRA 512 [2003] G.R. No. 140982. September 23, 2003 = Manila Trading and Supply Co., Inc. v. Zulieta, 69 Phil. 485 [1940] see pp. 486-487 GR. No. 47233 December 19, 1940 = Agabon vs. NLRC, 442 SCRA 573 [2004] G.R. No. 158693; November 17, 2004 * PLDT v. Tolentino, 438 SCRA 555 [2004] G.R. No. 143171. September 21, 2004 = Perez v. Medical City General Hospital, 484 SCRA 138 [2008] G.R. No. 150198 March 6, 2006 Requirements — Arts. 282-284 (now Arts. 297-299); Art. 277 (now Art. 292) (b) ‘Substantive and Procedural Due Process * Fujitsu Computer Products Corp. v. Court of Appeals, 454 SCRA 737 (2005) G.R. No. 158232. March 31, 2005 ® Ariola v. Philex Mining Corp., 446 SCRA 152 [2005] G.R. No. 147756. August 9, 2005 * Phi, National Bank v. Cabansag, 460 SCRA 514 [2005] G.R. No. 157010. June 21, 2005 ® Genuino Ice Co. v. Magpantay, 493 SCRA 195 [2006] GR. No. 147790. June 27, 2006 4614.05 JUST CAUSES — SUBSTANTIVE DUE PROCESS - GROUNDS FOR TERMINATION A Serious Misconduct — Art. 282 (now Art. 297) Definition and Acts * Valiao v. Court of Appeals, 435 SCRA 543 [2004] G.R. No. 146621. July 30, 2004 ® Villamor Golf Club v. Pehid, 472 SCRA 36 [2005] G.R. No. 166152 October 4, 2005 = Lakpue Drug, Inc. v. Belga, 473 SCRA 617 [2005] G.R. No. 166379; October 20, 2005 * Coca-Cola Bottlers, Phil. inc. v. Kapisanan ng Malayang Manggagawa sa Coca-Cola, 452 SCRA 480 [2005] G.R. No. 148205. February 28, 2005 = Genuino Ice Co., Inc. v. Magpantay, 493 SCRA 195 [2006] G.R. No. 147790. June 27, 2006 * Premiere Dev. Bank v. Mantal, 485 SCRA 234 [2006] G.R. No. 167716, March 23, 2006 = Molina v. Pacific Plans Inc., 484 SCRA 498 [2006] G.R. No. 165476, March 10, 2006 Willful Disobedience Micro Sales Operation Network v. NLRC, 472 SCRA 328 [2005] GR. No. 155279; October 11, 2005 = Bascon v. CA, 422 SCRA 122 [2004] GR. No. 144899. February 5, 2004 = R Transport Corp. v. Ejandra, 428 SCRA 725 [2004] G.R. No. 148508. May 20, 2004 B. Gross and Habitual Neglect of Duties Reauisites Judy Philippines v. NLRC, 289 SCRA 755 [1998] GR. No. 111934. April 29, 1998 * Challenge Socks Corp. v. CA, 474 SCRA 356 [2005] G.R. No. 165268, November 8, 2005 Gross and Habitual Negligence Defined = Valiao v. Court of Appeals, 435 SCRA 543 [2004] G.R. No. 146621. July 30, 2004 47* Reyes v. Maxim Tea House, 398 SCRA 288 [2003] G.R. No. 140853. February 27, 2003 ® Cebu Filveneer Corp. v. NLRC, G.R. No. 126601 [1998] G.R. No. 126601. February 24, 1998 = Citibank N.A. v. Gatchalian, 240 SCRA 212 [1995] GR. No. 111222 January 18, 1995 * Chua v. NLRC, 453 SCRA 244 [2005] G.R. No. 146780. March 11, 2005 * Genuino Ice Co., Inc. v. Magpantay, 493 SCRA 195 [2006] GR. No. 147790. June 27, 2006 Simple Negligence 2 Paguio Transport Group v. NLRC, 294 SCRA 657 [1998] G.R. No. 119500. August 28, 1998 Fraud — Willful Breach of Trust ® Santos v. San Miguel Corp., 399 SCRA 172 [2003] GR. No. 149416. March 14, 2003 = Lakpue Drug v. Belga, 473 SCRA 617 [2005] GR. No. 166379; Oct 20, 2005 Loss of Confidence ~ Requisites ® Jardine Davies Inc. v. NLRC, 311 SCRA 289 [1999] G.R. No. 76272. July 28, 1999 @ PLDT v. Tolentino, G.R. No. 143171 [2004] GR. No. 143171. September 21, 2004 = PNCC v. Matias, 458 SCRA 164 [2005] G.R. No. 156283. May 6, 2005 © Cruz v. CA, 494 SCRA 226 [2006] GR. NO. 148544; July 12, 2006 Breach of Trust Loss of Confidence = Central Pangasinan Electric Coop. v. Macaraeg, 395 SCRA 720 (2003) G.R. No. 145800; January 23, 2003 Position, Trust and Confidence * Santos v. San Miguel Corp., 399 SCRA 172 [2003] G.R. No. 149416. March 14, 2003 * Panday v. NLRC, 209 SCRA 122 [1992] GR. No. 67664, 20 May 1992 48= Cruz v. Coca — cola Bottlers Phils. inc., 460 SCRA 340 [2005] G.R. No. 165586. June 15, 2005 Guidelines ® Vitarich Corp. v. NLRC, 307 SCRA 509 [1999] G.R. No. 121905. May 20, 1999 = Coca — cola Bottlers, Phil. inc. v. Kapisanan ng Malayang Manggagawa sa Coca — cola, 452 SCRA 480 [2005] G.R. No. 148205. February 28, 2005 Willful Breach * Atlas Consolidated Mining & Dev't Corp. v. NLRC, 290 SCRA 479 [1998] G.R. No. 122033. May 21, 1998 Coverage © Fujitsu Computer Products of the Phils. v. CA, 454 SCRA 737 On he, 158232, March 31, 2005 Proof = Ramatek v. Delos Reyes, 474 SCRA 129 [2005] GR. No. 139526, October 25, 2005 Lack of Damage = Cadiz v. CA, 474 SCRA 232 [2005] GR No. 153784, October 25, 2005 Commission of a Crime Analogous Case Quarrelsome — Bossy Cathedral School of Technology v. NLRC, 214 SCRA 551 OR No. L-101438; October 13, 1992 = Heavylift Manila Inc. v. CA, 473 SCRA 541 [2005] G.R. No. 154410; October 20, 2005 49Probable Cause = Standard Electric Manufacturing Corp. v. Standard Electric Employees Union, 468 SCRA 316 [2005], G.R. No. 166111, August 25, 2005 Conviction — Moral Turpitude * IRRIv. NLRC, 221 SCRA 760 [1993] G.R. No. 97239; May 12, 1993 * QOania v. NLRC, 244 SCRA 668 [1995] G.R. Nos. 97162-64; June 1, 1995 * Lim v. NLRC, 259 SCRA 485 [1996] GR. No. 118434. July 26, 1996 Other - Just Causes Claimed by Employer Abandonment Defined = Nueva Ecija Electric Coop. Il v. NLRC, 461 SCRA 169 [2005] G.R. No. 157603. June 23, 2005 = Gabuay v. Oversea Paper Supply Inc., 436 SCRA 514 [2004] G.R. No. 148837. August 13, 2004 Requisites = Leonardo v. NLRC, 333 SCRA 589 [2000] GR. No. 125303. June 16, 2000 = RP. Dinglasan Construction Inc. v. Atienza, 433 SCRA 263 [2004] GR. No. 156104, June 29, 2004 = Floren Hotel v. NLRC, 458 SCRA 128 [2005] G.R. No. 155264. May 6, 2005 Inference » HDA Dapdep v. NLRC, 285 SCRA 9 [1998] G.R. No. 120556. January 26, 1998 Specific Acts = Premiere Dev't Bank v. NLRC, 293 SCRA 49 [1988] GR. No. 114695. July 23, 1998 50Loans Borrowing Money © Medical Doctors Inc. v. NLRC, 136 SCRA 1 [1985] G.R. No. L-56633; April 24, 1985 © Pearl S. Buck Foundation v. NLRC, 182 SCRA 446 [1990] G.R. No. 80728 February 21, 1990 Courtesy Resignation = Batongbacal v. Associated Bank, 168 SCRA 600 [1988] G.R. No. 72977; December 21, 1988 Work Attitude Absences: = Manila Electric Company v. NLRC, 186 SCRA 763 [1991] G.R. No. 91902, May 20, 1991 = GSP Manufacturing Corp. v. Cabanban, 495 SCRA 123 [2006] G.R. No. 150454; July 14, 2006 Term Employment = Brent School v. Zamora, 181 SCRA 702 [1990] G.R. No, 48494, February 5, 1990 = Romares v. NLRC, 294 SCRA 411 [1998] G.R. No. 122327, August 19, 1998 ® Medenilla v. Phil. Veterans Bank, 328 SCRA 1 [2000] G.R. No. 127673, March 13, 2000 ‘= Magsalin v. National Organization of Working Men, 403 SCRA 199 [2003] G.R. No. 148492; May 9, 2003 = Labayog v. MY San Biscuits inc., 494 SCRA 486 [2006] GR. No. 148102, July 11, 2006 Past Infractions Past Offenses ® Stellar industrial Service inc. v. NLRC, 252 SCRA 323 [1996] G. R. No. 117418, January 24, 1996 = La Cariota Planters Association v. NLRC, 298 SCRA 252 [1998] G. R. No. 126689, October 27, 1998 54Professional Training Residency Training = Felix v. Buenaseda, 240 SCRA 139 [1995] G.R. No. 109704; January 17, 1995 Love and Morals immorality * Santos v. NLRC, 287 SCRA 117 [1998] G. R. No. 115795, March 6, 1998 Love ” Chua —qua v. Clave, 189 SCRA 117 [1990] GR. No. L-49549; August 30, 1990 Duncan Association v. Glaxo - Wellcome, 438 SCRA 343 [2004] GR. No. 162994; September 17, 2004 Violation of Company Rules ® Aparente Sr. NLRC, 331 SCRA 82 [2000] G.R. No. 117652; April 27, 2000 Criminal Case Effect of Acquittal * Ramos v. NLRC, 298 SCRA 225 [1998] G.R. No. 130473; October 21, 1998 Conviction * Sampaguita Garments Corp. v. NLRC, 233 SCRA 260 [1994] G. R_ No. 102406, June 17, 1994 Dismissal — Criminal Case > Lacorte v. inciong, 166 SCRA 1 [1988] GR. No. L-52034; September 27, 1988 52Guilt or Innocence = Chua v. NLRC, 218 SCRA 545 [1993] G.R. No. 105775; February 8, 1993 Moonlighting * Agabon v. NLRC, 442 SCRA 573 [2004] G.R. No. 158693; November 17, 2004 Suspicion © Eastern Telecommunications Phils. Inc. v. Diamse, 491 SCRA 239 [2006] GR. No, 169299; June 16, 2006 14.06 TRANSFERS — DISCHARGE AND SUSPENSION © Lanzaderas v. Amethyst Security and General Services Inc., 404 SCRA 505 [2003] G.R. No.143604; June 20, 2003 = Westin Phil. Plaza Hotel v. NLRC, 308 SCRA 326 [1999] G.R. No. 121621; May 3, 1999 = Castillo v. NLRC, 308 SCRA 326 [1999] G.R. No. 104319; June 17, 1999 ® OSS Security and Allied Services Inc. v. NLRC, 325 SCRA 157 (2000) G.R. No. 112752; February 9, 2000 = Mendoza v. Rural Bank of Lucban, 433 SCRA 756 [2004] GR. No. 155421; July 7, 2004 Resignation and Effectivity * EMCO Plywood Corporation v. Abelgas, 427 SCRA 496 [2004] G.R. No. 148532; April 14, 2004 * ShieJie Corp/Seaster Ex -IM Corp. v. National Federation of Labor, 463 SCRA 569 [2005] G. R. No. 153148, July 15, 2005 Abolition of Position * Benguet Electric Cooperative v. Fianza, 425 SCRA 41 [2004] G.R. No. 158606; March 9, 2004 53Dishonesty = Naguit v. NLRC, 408 SCRA 617 [2003] G.R. No. 120474 ; August 12, 2003 Constructive Discharge Defined = Phil, Japan Active Carbon Corp. v. NLRC, 171 SCRA 164 (1989) GR. No, 83239; March 8, 1989 = Dusit Hotel Nikko v. NUWHRAIN, 466 SCRA 374 [2005] GR. No. 160391; August 9, 2005 = Mobile Protective and Detective Agency v. Ompad, 458 SCRA 308 [2005] GR. No. 159195; May 9, 2005 = Duncan Association v. Glaxo — Wellcome, 438 SCRA 343 [2004] GR. No. 162994; September 17, 2004 ® RP. Dinglasan Construction Inc. v. Ationza, 433 SCRA 263 (2004) GR. No. 156104; June 29, 2004 = Go v. CA (Moldex Products), 430 SCRA 358 [2004] GR. No. 158922; May 28, 2004 = Acufia v. CA, 489 SCRA 658 [2006] GR. No, 159832; May 5, 2006 = Poseidon Fishing v. NLRC, 482 SCRA 717 [2006] GR. No. 168052; February 20, 2006 Constructive Discharge and Illegal Dismissal = Mark Roche v. NLRC, 313 SCRA 356 [1999] G.R. No. 123825; August 31, 1999 ® Globe Telecom Inc. v. Florendo, 390 SCRA 201 [2002] GR. No.150092; September 27, 2002 Preventive Suspension * Globe — Mackay Cable and Radio Corp. v. NLRC, 206 SCRA 702 [1992] G.R. No. 82511; March 3, 1992 = Philippine Airlines Inc. v. NLRC, 292 SCRA 40 [1998] G.R. No,114307; July 8, 1998 = Valiao v. CA, 435 SCRA 543 [2004] GR. No, 146621. July 30, 2004 54@ Cadiz v. CA, 474 SCRA 232 [2005] G.R. No. 153784; October 25, 2005 =» Maricalum Mining Corp. v. Decorion, 487 SCRA 182 [2006] GR. No. 158637; April 12, 2006 Rationale * Kwikway Engineering Works v. NLRC, 195 SCRA 526 [1991] G.R. No. 85014; March 22, 1991 * Gatbonton v. NLRC, 479 SCRA 416 [2006] GR. No, 146779 January 23, 2006 Number Offenses ® Aparente v. NLRC, 331 SCRA 82 [2000) G.R. No. 117652; April 27, 2000 OTHER CAUSES, BUSINESS RELATED CAUSES Recognition of Right — Business — Related Causes/Protection = Agabon v. NLRC, 442 SCRA 573 [2004] G.R. No. 158693; November 17, 2004 ® Uichico v. NLRC, 273 SCRA 35 [1997] GR. No.121434; June 2, 1997 © Filipinas v. Gatlabayan, 487 SCRA 673 [2006] G.R. No. 167959; April 19, 2006 = Business Services of the Future Today Inc. v. CA, 480 SCRA 571 [2006] GR. No, 157133; January 30, 2006 A. __ Installation of Labor Saving Devices B. Redundancy Business Judgement * Wiltshire File Co., Inc. v. NLRC, 193 SCRA 665 [1991] GR. No. 82249; February 7, 1991 * DOLE Philippines Inc. v. NLRC, 365 SCRA 124 [2001] G.R. No. 120009; September 13, 2001 * Asutrin v. SMC, 425 SCRA 270 [2004] G.R. No. 156658; March 10, 2004 55Financial Loss @ Escareal v. NLRC, 213 SCRA 472 [1992] G.R. No. 99359; September 2, 1992 Law Required Position © Escareal v. NLRC, 213 SCRA 472 [1992] G.R. No. 99359; September 2, 1992 When Redundancy ® Wiltshire File Co., Inc. v. NLRC, 193 SCRA 665 [1991] G.R. No. 82249; February 7, 1991 = Lopez Sugar Carp. v. Franco, 458 SCRA 515 [2005] G.R. No. 148195; May 16, 2005 = Tierra International Construction Corp. v. NLRC, 211 SCRA 73 [1992] GR. No. 88912; July 3, 1992 & Escareal v. NLRC, 213 SCRA 472 [1992] G.R. No. 99359; September 2, 1992 = Edge Apparel inc. v. NLRC, 349 Phil 972 [1998] GR. No. 121314; February 12, 1998 election of Employee = Panilio v. NLRC, 281 SCRA 53 [1997] GR. No. 117459; October 17, 1997 = Golden Thread Knitting Industries, inc. v. NLRC, 304 SCRA 720 [1999] G.R. No. 119157 ; March 11, 1999 @ Tanjuan v. Phil. Postal Savings Bank, 411 SCRA 168 [2003] G.R. No. 155278, September 16, 2003 * Lopez Sugar Corp. v. Franco, 458 SCRA 515 [2005] G.R. No. 148195; May 16, 2005 Employment of Independent Contractor ~ Effect = Asian Alcohol Corporation v. NLRC, 305 SCRA 416 [1999] G.R. No. 131108; March 25, 1999 Procedure — Requirement = Asian Alcohol Corporation v. NLRC, 305 SCRA 416 [1999] G.R. No. 131108; March 25, 1999 56Hearing = Wiltshire File Co., Inc. v. NLRC, 193 SCRA 665 [1994] G.R. No, 82249; February 7, 1991 Venue of Complaint * Wiltshire File Co., Inc. v. NLRC, 193 SCRA 665 [1991] G.R. No. 82249; February 7, 1991 Retrenchment to Prevent Losses Defined a- FF Marine Corp. v. NLRC, 455 SCRA 154 [2005] G.R. No. 152039; April 8, 2005 Distinct Redundancy and Retrenchment © AG & P United Rank and File Association v. NLRC, 265 SCRA 159 [1996] G.R. No. 108259; November 29, 1996 Distinction — Closure and Retrenchment Jat Gen Services v. NLRC, 421 SCRA 78 [2004] G.R. No. 148340; January 26, 2004 = Alabang Country Club v. NLRC, 466 SCRA 329 [2005] GR. No. 157611; August 9, 2005 Coverage ® Philippine Tubercolosis Society Inc. v. NLRC, 29 SCRA 567 [1998] G.R. No. 115414; August 25, 1998 » Balbalec v. NLRC, 251 SCRA 399 [1995] G.R. No, 107756; December 19, 1995 Procedure * Mayon Hotel & Restaurant v. Adana, 458 SCRA 609 [2005] G.R. No. 157634; May 16, 2005 87Temporary Retrenchment ” Sebugero v. NLRC, 248 SCRA 532 [1995] G. R. No. 115394, Sept. 27, 1995 Requirements = Lopez Sugar Corp. v. Federation of Free Workers Phil. Labor Union Association, 189 SCRA 179 [1990] G.R. Nos. 75700-01; August 30, 1990 = EMCO Plywood Corporation v. Abelgas, 427 SCRA 496 [2004] G.R. No. 148532; April 14, 2004 = Blucor Minerals Corporation v. Amarilla, 458 SCRA 37 [2005] G.R. No. 161217; May 3, 2005 = Philippines Carpet Employees Association v. Sto. Tomas, 483 SCRA 128 [2006] GR. No.168719, February 22, 2006 Nature of Loss = Lopez Sugar Corp. v. Federation of Free Workers Phil. Labor Union Association, 189 SCRA 179 [1990] GR. Nos. 7570-01; August 30, 1990 = Edge Apparel Inc. v. NLRC, 349 Phil 972 [1998] GR. No. 121314; February 12, 1998 Bogo ~ Medellin Sugarcane Planters Association v. NLRC, 296 SCRA 108 [1998] G.R. No. 97846; September 25, 1998 Cama v. Joni’s Food Services, 425 SCRA 259 [2004] G.R. No.153021; March 10, 2004 © Philippines Carpet Employees Association v. Sto. Tomas, 483 SCRA 128 [2006] G.R. No.168719, February 22, 2006 ing Income © San Miguel Jeepney Service v. NLRC, 265 SCRA 35 [1996] G. R. No. 92772, November 28, 1996 Proof of Loss sr Lopez Sugar Corp. v. Federation of Free Workers Phil. Labor Union Association, 189 SCRA 179 [1990] G.R. No.75700-01; August 30 1990 58= Bogo — Medellin Sugarcane Planters Association v. NLRC, 296 SCRA 108 [1998] GR. No, 97846; September 25, 1998 = Mitsubishi Motors Corp. v. Chrysler Phil, Labor Union, 433 SCRA 206 [2004] G.R. No, 148738; June 29, 2004 2 Danzas Intercontinental Inc. v. Daguman, 456 SCRA 383 [2005] G.R. No.154368; April 15, 2005 Burden of Proof = Syv. CA, 398 SCRA 301 [2003] G. R. No. 142293, February 27, 2003 * National Bookstore Inc. v. CA, 378 SCRA 194 [2002] G.R. No. 146741. February 27, 2002 When Effected * Lopez Sugar Corp. v. Federation of Free Workers Phil. Labor Union Association, 189 SCRA 179 [1990] G.R. No.75700-01; August 30 1990 * Cajucom v. TPI, 451 SCRA 70 [2005] G.R. No. 149090, February 11, 2005 Procedure ( for retrenchment and redundancy ) ® Sebugero v. NLRC, 248 SCRA 532 [1995] G. R. No. 115394, September 27, 1995 ‘= EMCO Plywood Corporation v. Abelgas, 427 SCRA 496 [2004] G.R. No. 148532; April 14, 2004 ‘= Industrial Timber Corp. v. Ababon, 480 SCRA 171 [2006] GR. No. 164518; January 25, 2006 Re 1g Effect “© Atlantic Gulf and Pacific Co. v. NLRC, 307 SCRA 714 [1999] G. R. No. 127516; May 28, 1999 ability = Capitol Medical Center v. Meris, 470 SCRA 236 [2005] G. R. No.155098; September 16, 2005 59.Closing of Business Right = Mac Adams Metal v. Mac Adams Metal Engineering, 414 SCRA 411 [2003] GR. No. 141615; October 24, 2003 = Catatista v. NLRC, 247 SCRA 46 [1995] GR. No. 102422; August 3, 1995 " Alabang Country Club inc. v. NLRC, 466 SCRA 329 [2005] G.R. No.157611; August 9, 2005 = Capitol Medical Center v. Meris, 470 SCRA 236 [2005] G. R. No.155098; September 16, 2005 = Industrial Timber Corp. v. Ababon, 480 SCRA 171 [2008] GR. No. 164518; January 25, 2006 Partial Closure = JAT. General Services v. NLRC, 421 SCRA 78 [2004] G.R. No. 148340; January 26, 2004 = Cheniver Deco Print Technics Corp. v. N LRC, 325 SCRA 758 [2000] G. R. No.122876; February 17, 2000 Requisite = Me — Shum Corp. v. Me — Shum Worker's Association, 448 SCRA 41 [2005] G.R. No.156292, January 11, 2005 TEMPORARY CESSATION OF OPERATION Basis + San Pedro Hospital of Digos Inc. v. Sec. of Labor, 263 SCRA 98 [1996] G. R. No, 104624, Oct. 11, 1996 * J.A.T. General Services v. NLRC, 421 SCRA 78 [2004] G.R. No. 148340; January 26, 2004 * Me — Shurn Corp. v. Me — Shur Worker's Association, 448 SCRA 41 [2005] G. R. No.156292, January 11, 2005 * Mayon Hotel & Restaurant v. Adana, 458 SCRA 609 [2005] G.R. No. 157634; May 16, 2005 60Effect of Employer — Employee Relationship ® San Pedro Hospital of Digos Inc. v. Sec. of Labor, 263 SCRA 98 BR No. 104624, October 11, 1996 Installation = Abapo v. CA, 439 SCRA 594 [2004] G. R.No. 142405; September 30, 2004 Floating Status Disease = Syv. CA, 398 SCRA 301 [2003] G.R. No. 142293, February 27, 2003 Special Case of Business Transfers Nature of Labor Contract = Sundowner Dev. Com. v. Drilon, 180 SCRA 14 [1989] G. R. No. 82341, December 6, 1989 Procedural Due Process — Nature and Requirements 1. Requirements In General = Agabon v. NLRC, 442 SCRA 573 [2004] G.R. No. 158693; November 17, 2004 Essence of Due Process = Central Pangasinan Electric Coop. v. Macaraeg, 395 SCRA 720 {2003} G.R. No. 145800; January 22, 2003 = Valiao v. CA, 435 SCRA 543 [2004] GR. No. 146621. July 30, 2004 Right to Counsel + Salaw v. NLRC, 202 SCRA 7 [1991] G. R. No. 90786, September 27, 1991 61Notice * Colegio De San Juan De Letran — Calamba v. Villas, 399 SCRA 550 [2003] GR. No. 137795; March 26, 2003 ® Agabon v. NLRC, 442 SCRA 573 [2004] GR. No. 158693; November 17, 2004 * Sta, Catalina College v. NLRC, 416 SCRA 233 [2003] G. R. No. 144483, November 19, 2003 ‘Two Notice Rule * Agabon v. NLRC, 442 SCRA 573 [2004] GR. No. 158693; November 17, 2004 * Caingat v. NLRC, 453 SCRA 142 [2005] G.R. No. 154308, March 10, 2005 & Genuino Ice Co, Inc. v. Magpantay, 493 SCRA 195 [2006] G.R. No. 147790, June 27, 2006 Hearing = Magos v. NLRC, 300 SCRA 484 [1998] G.R. No. 123421; December 28, 1998 = Caurdanetaan Piece Workers Union v. Laguesma, 285 SCRA 291 [1998] G.R. No. 113542, February 24, 1998 = National Semiconductor (HK) Distribution, LTD v. NLRC, 291 SCRA 348 [1998] G.R. No. 123520; June 26, 1998 © Lavador v. “J” Marketing Corp., 461 SCRA 497 [2005] GR. No. 157757; June 28, 2005 Position Paper * Shoppes Manila Inc. v. NLRC, 419 SCRA 364 [2004] G. R. No. 147125, Jan. 14, 2004 ” C.F. Sharp and Co. v. Zialcita, 495 SCRA 387 [2006] G.R. No. 157619; July 17, 2006 Effect of Failure — Substantive — Procedural * Agabon v. NLRC, 442 SCRA 573 [2004] G.R. No, 158693; November 17, 2004 » Alladin v. CA, 460 SCRA 234 [2005] G.R. No. 152123; June 21, 2005 62* Glaxo - Wellcome Philippines Inc. v. Nagkakaisang Empleyado ng Wellcome — DFA, 453 SCRA 256 [2005] G.R. No. 149349; March 11, 2005 2. Other Procedural Matters BURDEN AND DEGREE OF PROOF Burden @ Equitable PCI Bank v. Caguioa, 466 SCRA 658 [2005] G.R. No. 159170; August 12, 2005 ® C.F. Sharp and Co. v. Zialcita, 495 SCRA 387 [2006] GR. No. 157619; July 17, 2006 Degree = Central Pangasinan Electric Coop. Inc. v. Macaraeg, 395 SCRA 720 [2003] G.R. No. 145800; January 22, 2003 ® Salvador v. Phil. Mining Services Corp., 395 SCRA 729 [2003] G. R. No. 148766, January 22, 2003 Prescription = Azcor Manufacturing Inc. v. NLRC, 303 SCRA 26 [1999] G.R. No. 117963; February 11, 1999 Offer to Reinstate = Ranara v. NLRC, 212 SCRA 631 [1992] G. R. No.100969; August 14, 1992 I. Sanctions and Remedies 14.07 GENERAL RULE Nature of Remedies ~ Twin Remedies = Pheschem v. Moldez, 458 SCRA 339 [2005] G.R. No, 161158; May 9, 2005 = Lakpue Drug v. Belga, 473 SCRA 617 [2005] G.R. No. 166379; October 20, 2005 * Great Southem Maritime Services Corp. v. Acuna, 425 SCRA 422 [2005] G.R. No. 140189. February 28, 2005 63* Cabatulan v. Buat, 451 SCRA 234 [2005] G.R. No. 147142; February 14, 2005 Triad Security and Allied Services Inc. v. Ortega, 481 SCRA 591 [2006] G.R. No. 160871; February 6, 2006 Rationale for Remedies ® Globe — Mackay Cable and Radio Corp. v. NLRC, 206 SCRA 702 [1992] GR. No. 82511 March 3, 1992 14.08 REINSTATEMENT Defined © Union of Supervisors v. Sec. of Labor, 128 SCRA 442 [1984] GR. No.L-39889 March 29, 1984 * Pheschem v. Moldez, 458 SCRA 339 [2005] G.R. No. 161158; May 9, 2005 Employee Right = Quijano v. Mercury Drug, 292 SCRA 109 [1998] GR. No. 126561. July 8, 1998 = Rosario v, Victory Ricemill, 397 SCRA 760 [2003] G.R. No. 147572 February 19, 2003 Effect of Faliure to Ask Re General Baptist Bible College v. NLRC, 219 SCRA 549 [1993] G.R. No, 85534 March 5, 1993 © Pheschem v. Moldez, 458 SCRA 339 [2005] G.R. No. 161158; May 9, 2005 Rules on Reinstatement Rationale = Roquero v. Philippine Airlines Inc., 401 SCRA 424 [2003] GR. No. 152329 April 22, 2003 * PNOC- EDP v. Abella, 448 SCRA 549 [1993] G.R. No. 153904; January 17, 2005 64Exceptions Business Conditions = Union of Supervisors v. Sec. of Labor, 128 SCRA 442 [1984] GR. No. L-39889 March 29, 1984 & Espejo v. NLRC, 255 SCRA 430 [1996] G.R. No. 112678. March 29, 1996 Strained Relations © Pearl S. Buck Foundation v. NLRC, 182 SCRA 446 [1990] GR. No, 80728; February 21, 1990 = Commercial Motors Corp. v. NLRC, 192 SCRA 191 [1990] GR. No. 74762 December 10, 1990 = Sibal v. Notre Dame of Greater Manila, 182 SCRA 538 [1990] G. R. No. 75093, Feb. 23, 1990 = Naga College Foundation Education Workers Org. v. Bose, 289 SCRA 274 [1998] G.R. No. 122633. April 20, 1998 @ Bascon v. CA, 422 SCRA 122 [2004] G.R. No. 144899; February 5, 2004 * Cabatulan v. Buat, 451 SCRA 234 [2005] GR. No. 147142; February 14, 2005 © Acesite Corp. v. NLRC, 449 SCRA 360 [2005] G.R. No. 152308; January 26, 2005 “= BPI Employees Union v. BPI, 454 SCRA 357 [2005] G.R. No. 137863. March 31, 2005 * Sagum v. CA, 459 SCRA 223 [2005] G. R. No. 158759, May 26, 2005 IMPLEMENTATION — OPTIONS AND RATIONALE Options and Rationale * Jardine Davies v. NLRC, 225 SCRA 757 [1993] GR. No. 106915 August 31, 1993 © Pioneer Texturizing Corp. v. NLRC, 280 SCRA 806 [1997] G.R. No. 118651. October 16, 1997 © International Container Services v. NLRC, 300 SCRA 335 [1998] G.R. No, 115452. December 21, 1998 © Kiamco v. NLRC, 309 SCRA 424 [1999] G.R. No. 129449; June 29, 1999 6514.09 BACKWAGES Definition = Equitable Banking Corp. v. Sadac, 490 SCRA 380 [2006] G.R. No. 164772; June 8, 2006 ® St. Theresa's School of Novaliches Foundation v. NLRC, 289 SCRA 110 [1998] G. R. No. 122955, April 15, 1998 = General Baptist Bible College v. NLRC, 219 SCRA 549 [1993] G.R. No. 85534; March , 1993 2 Viernes v. NLRC, 400 SCRA 557 [2003] G.R. No. 108405; April 4, 2003 Nature — Purpose ® Claudio v. CA, 423 SCRA 122 [2004] G.R. No. 152568. February 16, 2004 Effect of Failure to Claim @ Dela Cruz v. NLRC, 290 SCRA 1 [1998] G.R. No. 121288. November 20, 1998 Effect of Failure to Order * Aurora Land Projects Corp. v. NLRC, 266 SCRA 48 [1997] GR. No. 114733; January 2, 1997 Period — Computation = Itogon — Suyoc Mines Inc. v. Sangilo-Itogon Workers’ Union, 24 SCRA 873 [1968] GR. No. L-24189 August 30, 1968 = FEATI University Faculty Club v. FEATI University, 85 SCRA 395 [1974] G.R. No. L-31503; August 15, 1974 Mercury Drug Co. Inc. v. CIR, 56 SCRA 694 [1974] G.R. No. L-23357; April 30, 1974 = Pines City Educational Center v. NLRC, 227 SCRA 655 [1993] GR. No. 96779; November 10, 1993 > Bustamante v. NLRC, 265 SCRA 1 [1996] GR. No. 111651. November 28, 1996 = Torres v. NLRC, 330 SCRA 311 [2000] G.R. No. 107014. April 12, 2000 § 66® Kay Products Inc. v. CA, 464 SCRA 544 [1995] GR. No. 162472; June 28, 1995 Standard Electric Manufacturing Corp v. Standard Electric Employees Union, 468 SCRA 316 [2005] G.R. No. 166111; August 5, 2005 © Intercontinental Broadcasting Corp. v. Benedicto, 485 SCRA 561 [2006] GR. No, 152843; July 20, 2006 Effect Inflation # Lantion v. NLRC, 181 SCRA 513 [1990] GR. No. 82028; January 29, 1990 14.10 FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE Allowed Financial Assistance = Phil. Long Distance Telephone Company v. NLRC, 276 SCRA 462 [1997] GR. No, 111933; July 23, 1997 ® Salvarria v. Letran College, 296 SCRA 184 [1998] GR. No. 110396. September 25, 1998 = Gustilo v. Wyeth Philippines, 440 SCRA 67 [2004] G.R. No. 149629, October 4, 2004 = Eastern Shipping Lines Inc. v. Sedan, 486 SCRA 565 [2006] GR. No. 159354. April 7, 2006 Not Allowed = Philippine National Construction Corp. v. NLRC, 170 SCRA 207 [1989] G.R. No. 85323 June 20, 1989 = Easter Paper Mills Inc. v. NLRC, 170 SCRA 595 [1989] G.R. No. 85497 February 24, 1989 = Chua v. NLRC, 453 SCRA 244 [2005] GR. No. 146780. March 11, 2005 14.11 SEPARATION PAY When ~ Alternative » Coca ~ cola Bottlers Phils. v. Vital, 438 SCRA 278 [2004] GR. No. 154384: September 13, 2004 = Gustilo v. Wyeth Philippines, 440 SCRA 67 [2004] G.R. No. 149629; October 4, 2004 7« National Federation of Labor v. CA, 440 SCRA 604 [2004] G.R. No. 149464; October 19, 2004 = Pheschem Industrial Corp. v. Moldez, 458 SCRA 339 [2005] G.R. No. 161158; May 9, 2005 * Etcuban v. Sulpicio Lines, 448 SCRA 516 [2005] G.R. No. 148410; January 17, 2005 °” Hanford Phil. Inc. v. Joseph, 454 SCRA 773 [2005] G. R. No. 158251; March 31, 2005 When not Allowed ®* North Davao Mining Corporation v. NLRC, 254 SCRA 721 (1996) G.R. No. 112546. March 13, 1996 Computation © Millares v. NLRC, 485 SCRA 307 [2002] GR. No. 110524. July 29, 2002 Effect of Acceptance ® Anino v. NLRC, 290 SCRA 489 [1998] G.R. No. 123226, May 21, 1998 LIABILITY OF CORPORATE OFFICERS Liability Rule ® Bogo ~ Medellin Sugarcane Planters Association, Inc. v. NLRC, 296 SCRA 108 [1998] GR. No. 97846; September 25, 1998 ° NYK Industrial v. NLRC, 397 SCRA 489 [2003] G.R. No. 146267. February 17, 2003 * Tan v. Timbal, Jr., 434 SCRA 381 [2004] G.R. No.141926; July 14, 2004 Acesite Corp. v. NLRC, 449 SCRA 360 [2005] GR. No. 152308; January 26, 2005 14.12 DAMAGES Moral/Exemplary ® Colegio San Juan De Letran — Calamba v. Villas, 389 SCRA 550 [2003] G.R. No. 137795; March 26, 2003 68= Asia Pacific Chartering (Phils.) Inc. v. Farolan, 393 SCRA 454 (2002) G.R. No.151370. December 4, 2002 = Viernes v. NLRC, 400 SCRA 557 [2003] G.R. No. 108405; April 4, 2003 ® Tolosa v. NLRC, 401 SCRA 391 [2003] G.R. No. 149578. April 10, 2003 = Maquiling v. Philippine Tuberculosis Society Inc. 450 SCRA 465 [2005] G.R. No. 143384; February 4, 2005 * Kay Products Inc. v. CA, 464 SCRA 544 [1995] G.R. No. 162472; July 28, 1995 * Acufia v. CA, 489 SCRA 658 [2006] G.R. No. 159832; May 5, 2006 = Acesite Corp. v. NLRC, 449 SCRA 360 [2005] G.R. No. 152308; January 26, 2005 © Sagum v. CA, 459 SCRA 223 [2005] G.R. No. 158759; May 26, 2005 Nominal Damages = Central Luzon Conference v. CA, 466 SCRA 711 [2005] G.R. No. 161976. August 12, 2005 Section 15: Retirement STATUTORY REFERENCE: Art. 287 (now Art. 302) (as amended by R.A. 10757); DOLE Department Order No. 167-16, Implementing Rules and Regulations of RA 10757 entitled An Act Reducing the Retirement Age of Surface Mine Workers 15.01 RETIREMENT Definition = Ariola v. Philex Mining Corp., 446 SCRA 14 [2005] G.R. No. 147756. August 9, 2005 Types © Gerlach v. Reuters, 448 SCRA 335 [2005] G.R. No. 148542; January 17, 2005 69Basis ® Aquino v. NLRC, 206 SCRA 118 [1992] GR. No. 87653; February 11, 1992 = Gamogamo v. PNOC Shipping and Transport Corp., 381 SCRA 742 [2002] G.R. No, 141707; May 7, 2002 Interpretation = Lopez v. National Stee! Corp., 423 SCRA 109 [2004] G. R. No. 149674, February 16, 2004 ® Salomon v. Associate of international Shipping Lines Inc., 457 ‘SCRA 254 [2005] G. R. No. 156317, April 26, 2005 Age ® MAI Philippines Inc. v. NLRC, 151 SCRA 196 [1987] G.R. No. 73662 June 18, 1987 Rationale © Producers Bank of the Philippines v. NLRC, 298 SCRA 517 [1998] G.R. No. 118069. November 16, 1998 Eligibility © Brion v. South Philippine Union Mission of the Seventh Day Adventist Church, 307 SCRA 497 [1999] G.R. No. 135136. May 19, 1999 Ground Termination ® Cainta Catholic School v. Cainta Catholic School Employees Union, 489 SCRA 468 [2006] G.R. No. 151021; May 4, 2006 15.02 ACCRUAL OF BENEFITS Acrrual = Cruz v. Phil. Global Communications Inc., 430 SCRA 184 [2004] G.R. No. 141868 : May 28, 2004 70* Llora Motors Inc. v. Drilon, 179 SCRA 15 [1989] G.R. No. 82895; November 7, 1989 15.03 PRIVATE PLAN Employer Obligation ® GVM Security & Protective Agency v. NLRC, 224 SCRA 734 [1993] G.R. No. 102157; July 23, 1993 15.04 BENEFITS AND GRATUITY ® Sta. Catalina College v. NLRC, 416 SCRA 233 [2003] G.R. No. 144483; November 19, 2003 PART THREE - SOCIAL LEGISLATION STATUTORY REFERENCE: Social Security Act of 1997 (R.A. No. 8282); Government Service Insurance Act of 1997 (R.A. No. 8291); Employees Compensation and State Insurance Fund, Book IV, Labor Code of the Philippines, P.D. No. 442, as amended; Limited Portability Scheme in Social Security Insurance Systems (R.A. No. 7699); and National Health Insurance Act of 1995 (R.A. No. 7875, as amended by R.A. No. 9241 and RA. 10606) A. INTEGRATED OUTLINE SOCIAL SECURITY ACT; GOVERNMENT SERVICE INSURANCE ACT; AND EMPLOYEES COMPENSATION AND STATE INSURANCE FUND; AND NATIONAL HEALTH INSURANCE ACT 3.01. POLICY OBJECTIVES SSS - Sec. 2; GSIS - Whereas Clauses ECSIF — Art. 166 (now Art. 172) NHIA - Secs. 2-3, 5 (Sec. 2 amended by R.A. 10606) Law Concept * Sulit v. Employees Compensation Commission, 98 SCRA 483 [1980] G.R. No. L-48602; June 30, 1980 * Santos v. Employees Compensation Commission, 221 SCRA 182 [1993] ”G.R. No. 89222; April 7, 1993 " Latagan v. Employees Compensation Commission, 213 SCRA 715 (1992) GR. No. 55741; September 11, 1992 . DEFINITIONS 1. Employer © Orate v. Court of Appeals, 399 SCRA 572 [2003] G.R. No. 132761; March 26, 2003 SSS - Sec. 8(c) GSIS - Sec. 2(c) ECSIF - Art. 167 (now Art. 173) (f) NHIA - Sec. 4() (amended by R.A. No. 9241) 2. Employee SSS - Sec. 8(4) — see also Sec. 8()) GSIS - Sec. 2(d) ECSIF - Art. 167 (now Art. 173) (9) 3. Dependent SSS - Secs. 8(3)(1); 8(¢)(2); 8(e)(3) GSIS- Sec. 2(f) ECSIF - Art. 167 (now Art. 173) (i) NHIA - Sec. 4(f) (amended by R.A. 10606) 4, Beneficiaries SSS ~ Sec. 8{k) GSIS -- Sec. 2(g); Sec. 2(h) ECSIF — Art. 167 (now Art. 173) () NHIA — Sec. 4(a) . COVERAGE SSS - Compulsory- Secs. 9; 9-A; Voluntary — Secs. 9(c); 11; 11-A; 9(b); arrangement Sec. 8()) (4) NHIA — Sec. 7 (amended by R.A. 10606)Coverage = Philippine Blooming Mills Co. Inc. v. Social Security System, 17 SCRA 107 [1966] GR. No. L-21223, August 31, 1966 = Sta, Rita v. Court of Appeals, 247 SCRA 487 [1995] G.R. No. 119891, August 21, 1995 = Corporal Sr. v. NLRC, 341 SCRA 658 [2000] G.R. No. 129315. October 2, 2000 = Chua v. Court of Appeals, 440 SCRA 121 [2004] G.R. No. 125837. October 6, 2004 GSIS - Sec. 3 ECSIF - Arts. 170-171 (now Arts. 176-177) 3.04. EFFECT OF SEPARATION FROM EMPLOYMENT SSS - Sec. 11-A GSIS - Secs. 4; 11-12 3.05. REPORTING REQUIREMENTS SSS - Sec. 24 2 Poblete Construction Co. v. Asian, 20 SCRA 1143 [1967] GR. No. L-21448; August 30, 1967 GSIS - Sec. 6 NHIA - Secs. 24, 25, 28, 29, 29-B (amended by RA. No. 9241; Secs. 24, 28 and 29 amended by R.A. 10606) (Sec. 29-B added by R.A. 10606) 3.06. FUNDING SSS - Secs. 18; 19; 8(f) Fund Ownership » CMS Estate Inc. v. Social Security System, 132 SCRA 108 [1984] G.R. No. L-26298 September 28, 1984 GSIS - Secs. 5; 8 ECSIF - Art. 183 (now Art. 189) (c) 3.07. EFFECT OF NON-REMITTANCE 733.08. SSS - Sec. 22(b) SSS Failure Remit ® Santiago v. Court of Appeals, 133 SCRA 34 [1984] G.R. No. L-39949 October 31, 1984 ® Benedicto v. Abad, 183 SCRA 434 [1990] G.R. No. 74689; March 21, 1990 * Chua v. Court of Appeals, 440 SCRA 121 [2004] GR. No. 125837. October 6, 2004 ECSIF - Art. 196 (now Art. 202) (b) BENEFITS SSS - Sees. 12; 12-A; 12(B); 13; 13-A; 13(B); 1 GSIS - Secs. 24-27; 13-14; 15-19; 20-22; 11-12; 23; 3 ECSIF - Arts. 185 (now Art. 191); 191 (now Art. 197); 192 (now Art. 198); 193 (now Art. 199); 194 (now Art. 200)(a-d); 175 (now Art. 181); 197 (now Art. 203) NHIA - Secs. 30-38 (Sec. 32, 34-36 amended by R.A. 10606; Sec. 34-A added by R.A. 10606) GSIS Retirement Benefits = Conte v. Commission on Audit, 264 SCRA 19 [1996] GR. No. 116422. November 4, 1996 ECSIF Cases Definition -_ Disability © Employees Compensation Commission v. Sanico, 34 SCRA 268 [1999] G.R. No. 134028; December 17, 1999 2 SSS v. Court of Appeals, 439 SCRA 239 [2004] G. R. No. 152058; September 27, 2004 Manifestation * Government Service Insurance System v. Court of Appeals, 285 SCRA 430 (1998) G.R. No. 117572. January 29, 1998 Distincti isability3.09. © GSIS v. Court of Appeals, 304 SCRA 243 [1999] GR. No. 132648, March 4, 1999 Permanent Total Disability = Employees Compensation Commission v. Sanico, 334 SCRA 268 (1999) G.R. No. 134028 December 17, 1999 = Government Service Insurance System v. Court of Appeals, 285 SCRA 430 [1998] G.R. No. 117572, January 29, 1998 = Santos v. Employees Compensation Commission, 221 SCRA 182 [1993] GR. No. 89222; April 7, 1993 = Narazo v. Employees Compensation Commission, 181 SCRA 874 [1999] GR. No. 80157 February 6, 1990 Unknown Cause = Raro v. Employees Compensation Commission, 172 SCRA 845 (1989) GR No, 89222 April 7, 1993 Permanent — Total Bejerano v. Employees Compensation Commission, 205 SCRA 598 [1992] G.R. No. 84777; January 20, 1992 Occupational Disease © Government Service Insurance System v. Court of Appeals, 285 SCRA 430 [1998] GR. No. 117572. January 29, 1998 BASIS OF CLAIM SSS - Sec. 2 GSIS - Secs. 15-17 ECSIF - Arts. 172 (now Art. 178); 174 (now Art. 180) Basis ~ Increased Risks = Rifio v. Employees Compensation Commission, 331 SCRA 596 (2000) GR. No. 132558. May 9, 2000 753.10, BAT: Coming and Going Rule = Lentejas v. Employees Compensation Commission, 197 SCRA 441 (1991) G.R. No. 89168, May 14, 1991 PRESCRIPTIVE PERIOD SSS - Art. 1144(2); New Civil Code ECSIF - Art. 201 (now Art. 207) Remittance ” Benedicto v. Abad Santos, 183 SCRA 434 [1990] G.R. No. 74689; March 21, 1990 Registration © People v. Montiero, 192 SCRA 548 [1990] G.R. No, 49454 : December 21, 1990 Statute of Limitation ® Buena Obra v. SSS, 401 SCRA 206 [2003] G.R. No. 147745. April 9, 2003 EXCLUSIVITY OF BENEFITS GSIS - Sec. 55 ECSIF - Art. 173 (now Art. 179) Exclusivity Ysmael Maritime Corp. v. Avelino, 151 SCRA 333 [1987] G.R. No. L-43674 June 30, 1987 Official Functions = Hinoquin v. Employees Compensation Commission, 172 SCRA 350 [1989] G.R. No. 84307; April 17, 1989 763.12. 3.13. BENEFIT PROTECTION SSS - Secs. 15; 16; 17 GSIS - Sec. 39 ECSIF - Arts. 198 (now Art. 204); 203 (now Art, 209); 175 (now Art. 181) DISPUTE SETTLEMENT SSS -Sec.5 GSIS - Secs. 30, 31; 32 ECSIF - Arts. 180 (now Art. 186); 182 (now Art. 188) NHIA - Secs. 39-43 (Secs. 41-42 amended by R.A. 10606)