B. Tech. VII (EE) EE 1701 (L) - Electric Drives Chapter 2— Dynamics of Electrical Drives 2.1 A drive has the following parameters: T= 150 - 0.1N, N-m, where N is the speed in rpm. Load torque T; = 100, N-m. Initially the drive is operating in steady-state. The characteristics of the load torque are changed to 7;=- 100 N-m. Calculate initial and final equilibrium speeds. 2.2 A motor is used to drive a hoist. Motor characteristics are given by Quadrants I, Il and IV: T= 200 - 0.2N, N-m Quadrants II, II and IV; T =~ 200 - 0.2N, N-m. Where N js the speed in rpm. When hoist is loaded, the net load torque T;= 100, N-m and when it is unloaded, net load torque 7;=~80, N-m. Obtain the equilibrium speeds for operation in all the four quadrants 2.3 A motor drives four loads, two have rotational motion and two translational motion, Moment of inertia of the motor is 1.2 kg-m2. Motor runs at a speed of 1000 rpm. Following are the details about the four loads Toad Type of Motion | Speed Tnertia/ Mass Torque/Force T Rotational 200 rpm Tkg-m? 10 N-m TT Rotational 200 1pm Skgem™ ‘6 Nem TH Vv ranslational 10 m/s 10kg 20N ranslational 10 mis 20 ks 30N Calculate the equivalent inertia of the system referred to the motor shaft and power rating of the motor, assuming negligible loss in the transmission system. 2.4 A weight of 500 kg is being lifted up at a uniform speed of 1.5 m/s by a winch driven by a motor running at a speed of 1000 rpm. The moments of inertia of the motor and winch are 0.5 and 0.3 kg-m? respectively. Calculate the motor torque and the equivalent moment of inertia referred to the motor shafi, In the absence of weight, motor develops a torque of 100 N-m when running at 1000 rpm. 2.5 In the mechanism shown in Fig. P2.5, motor drives the winch drum through a reduction gear with a gear tooth ratio of 0.1. The friction torque at winch shaft is 15 N-m and at motor shaft 10 N-m. Motor speed is 1500 rpm, Calculate the equivalent moment of inertia of the drive referred to motor shafl and motor torque if gears have an efficiency of 90%, a=01 pate O MN Winch érum LN Jom kg: Motor Gear box Fo= 05 kom? je 015 kp Icabte a the motor speed Fig. P25 2.6 A motor is required to drive the take-up roll on a plastic strip line. The mandrel on which the strip is wound is 1Sem in diameter and the strip builds upto a roll 25 em in diameter. Strip tension is maintained constant at 1000 N. The strip moves at a uniform speed of 25 mis, The motor is coupled toa mandrel by a reduction gear with a= 0.5. The gears have an approximate efficiency of 87% at all speeds. Determine the speed and power rating of the motor required for this application 2.7 A horizontal conveyer belt moving at a uniform speed of 1.2 m/s transports material at the rate of 100 tonnes/hr. Belt is 200 m long and driven by a motor at 1200 rpm. (a) Determine the load inertia referred to the motor shaft (b) Calculate the torque that motor should develop to accelerate the belt from standstill to full speed in 8 sec. Moment of inertia of the motor is 0.1 kgm? 2.8 How do you define passive and active load torques? What are the differences between the two? 2.9 Can a motor-load system with a passive load torque have an equilibrium speed in quadrant 1? What will be your answer if the load is active? 2.10 A motor-load system has following details: Quadrants I and If, T = 400 - 0.4 N, N-m; where N is the speed in rpm. Motor is coupled to an active load torque T; = + 200, N-m, Calculate the motor speeds for motoring and braking operations in the forward direction, When operating in quadrants TIT and IV, T =~ 400 - 0.4N, Nem. Calculate the equilibrium speed in quadrant IU. 2.11 Calculate the starting time of a drive with following parameters: I= 10 kg-m’, T= 15+ 0.5 Om and T)=5 +0.6 Oa 2.12 A drive has following parameters: J= 10 kg-m’, T = 15'+ 0.05N, N-m and T/ = 5 + 0.06N, N-m, where N is the speed in rpm, Initially the drive is working in steady-state. Now the drive is braked by electrical braking. Torque of the motor in braking is given by T = 10 - 0.04N, N-m. Calculate time taken by the drive to stop 2.13 A drive has following parameters: J= 1 kg-m2, T = 15 - 0.01N, N-m and Passive load torque 7; = 0.005N, N-m; where N is the speed in rpm. Initially the drive is operating in steady state. Now it is to be reversed. For this the motor characteristic is altered so that T = 15- 0.01N, N-m for positive as well as negative values of N. Calculate the reversal time. 2.14 An electric drive has following speed torque relations: Speed. (pm) [1500 [iaasiss8 [1307 [i280 71222 T1090 Torgue, (N-m)_| 0 125 33.0 36.0 378 36.0 27.6 Speed, (rpm) | 1000 | 725 490 0 Torque, (N-m)_| 22.4 15 116 OT Calculate the starting time, J = 0.1 N-m. 2.15 Explain what do you understand by ‘the steady-state stability? What is the main assumption? 2.16 Explain that the steady-state stability of a drive depends on relative characteristics of the motor and load and not just on motor (or load) characteristic. 2.17 Figure P2.17 shows plots of speed vs motor and load torques. Comment on the stability of the operating A, B, C and D.0 Torque Fig. P2.17 2.18 Speed-torque curves of motors under different operations are shown in Fig. P2. 18. Draw load curves which will give stable operations with the portions of characteristics marked AB. BC DE and EF. Speed Torque Speed A B D 0 0 Fig. P2.18 Torque 2.19 A drive has following equations for motor and load torques T = (1+ 20) and T) = 3 fom Obtain the equilibrium points and determine their steady-state stability 2.20 Obtain the equilibrium points and determine their steady-state stability when motor and load torques are: T=-1-20@mand T; = -3 Yom 2.21 What are the reasons for using load equalisation in an electrical dri 2.22 A 6 pole, 50 Hz, 3-phase wound rotor induction motor has a flywheel coupled to its shaft. The total moment of inertia of motor-load-flywheel is 1000 kg-m2. Load torque is 1000 N-m of 10 see duration followed by @ no load period which is long enough for the drive to reach its no load speed. Motor has a slip of 3% at a torque of $00 N-m, Calculate (i) Maximum torque developed by the motor. (ii) Speed at the end of deceleration period. Assume motor speed-torque curve to be a straight line in the operating range.2.23 A motor equipped with a flywheel has to supply a load torque of 600 N-m for 10 sec followed by a no-load period long enough for the flywheel to regain its full speed. It is desired to limit the motor torque to 450 N-m, What should be the moment of inertia of the flywheel? The no load speed of the motor is 600 rpm and it has a slip of 8% at torque of 400 N-m. Assume the motor speed-torque characteristic to be a straight line in the range of operation. Motor has an inertia of 10 kg-m. 2.24 A 3-phase, 100 kW. 6 pole, 960 rpm wound rotor induction motor drives a load whose torque varies such that a torque of 3000 N-m of 10 s duration is followed by a torque of 500 N-m of duration long enough for the motor to attain steady-state speed. Calculate moment of inertia of the flywheel motor, if the torque should not exceed twice the rated value. Moment of inertia of the motor is 10 kg-m?, Motor has a linear speed-torque curve in the region of interest. 2.25 Solve Problem 2.24, when the motor has speed torque characteristic such that from no load to twice the rated torque the speed-torque curve is a straight line parallel to torque axis and.at twice the rated torque the characteristic is parallel to the speed axis. Minimum motor speed is to be restricted to 60% of the synchronous speed. 2.26 Load diagram of a shearing machine shows a periodic fluctuation of torque with 10,000 N-m required for 10 sec and 1000 N-m for 20 sec. The combined inertia of motor and flywheel referred to the motor shaft is 1000 kg-m?, Calculate maximum and minimum values of torque and speed. The motor speed torque characteristic is a straight line given by the equation T = 20,000 - 20 N, N-m, where N is the speed in rpm,