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Rodrigo Pelloso Gelamo*

RESUMO
W(:1':P-+H'(!)--)($1H+O'(X(#'I:1))3!)1('(I'!'(#'I'('()3-+3'(!$(*+,'-'.$(
X(:)3-$!'(3$($H"$,+!$!)(01$-+,)+1$4($(I$3)+1$(:'1(I)+'(!'(U"$,('(:)3-$I)3H'(
-'01)()--)()3-+3'(H)I(-)(#'3-H+H"L!'(3'()-:$%'($#$!RI+#'(!$-(:)-U"+-$-(
-'01)('($--"3H'()($-(U")-HY)-(U")(-&'(!)0$H+!$-(:),'-(:)-U"+-$!'1)-(!)--$(
N1)$6( J$1$( +--'4( $:1)-)3H$1)I'-( "I( ',Z$1( -'01)( $,O"I$-( H)3!R3#+$-( 3'(
!)0$H)(U")(M'+(1)$,+B$!'(3'([1$-+,4(#'I('('0@)H+5'(!)($:'3H$1($,O"3-(!'-(
:1+3#+:$+-( :$1$!+OI$-( U")( 3'1H)$1$I( $-( !+M)1)3H)-( $0'1!$O)3-( -'01)( '(
)3-+3'(!$(*+,'-'.$6(Q'3#'1!$I'-(U")()--)(1)#'1H)(:'!)(3&'(1):1)-)3H$1(
o todo(!$(!+-#"--&'(-'01)('($--"3H'4(I$-4(!)(#)1H'(I'!'4(:'!)(-)15+1(!)(
L3!+#)(:$1$()3H)3!)1I'-('(U")(M'+(M)+H'(3)--)(!)0$H)6
2)()/+)$=30)/",( 3-+3'( !$( *+,'-'.$6( J)3-$I)3H'( 01$-+,)+1'6(
Educação.

)*$4+)34
The aim of this article is to understand the way how the teaching of
:Z+,'-':Z\( Z$-( 0))3( HZ'"OZH( +3( [1$B+,( $H( HZ)( :1)-)3H( H+I)4( HZ)( I$33)1(
+3( ]Z+#Z( HZ)( 1)^)#H+'3( $0'"H( HZ+-( H)$#Z+3O( Z$-( 0))3( #'3-H+H"H)!( +3( HZ)(
academic researches about the subject as well as the matters that have been
!)0$H)!(0\(HZ)(1)-)$1#Z)1-('M(HZ+-($1)$6(C3('1!)1(H'(!'(HZ$H4(])(]+,,(:1)-)3H(
$( M1$I)( $0'"H( -'I)( H1)3!-( +3( HZ)( !)0$H)( HZ$H( Z$-( 0))3( !'3)( +3( [1$B+,4(
aiming to indicate some of the main paradigms which guided the different

*
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/E DJAK$1L,+$6( =I$+,S(O),$I'TOI$+,6#'I(
J)-U"+-$(.3$3#+$!$(:),$(*VJ DJ6(
332 !"#$%&'()(*+,'-'.$(/0)1,23!+$4(56(784(36(894(:6(;;<=;>?4(@",6A!)B6(7?<?6(CDDE(?<?7=F9?<

approaches on the teaching of philosophy. We agree that this frame may

3'H(1):1)-)3H(HZ)(]Z',)(!+-#"--+'34(0"H4(+3($(]$\4(+H(#$3(0)($3(+3!)_(M'1("-(
to understand what has been done in this debate.
>"?!@ +&$,(`)$#Z+3O('M(JZ+,'-':Z\6([1$B+,+$3(HZ'"OZH6( !"#$H+'36

E'([1$-+,($(:1'!"%&'(H)P1+#$(-'01)($(H)INH+#$(!'()3-+3'(!$(*+,'-'.$(
é bem recente e ainda bastante restrita.1 Ao iniciarmos o levantamento
0+0,+'O1N.#'( -'01)( '( $--"3H'4( 3'H$I'-( U")( $( I$+'1( #'3#)3H1$%&'( !$-(
:)-U"+-$-( )-HN( 3$-( :1'!"%Y)-( !)( :)-U"+-$!'1)-( ,+O$!'-( a( *+,'-'.$( !$(
)!"#$%&'4()I(-"$(I$+'1+$(.,P-'M'-(!)(M'1I$%&'4(I$-(U")($H"$I(3$(N1)$(!$(
)!"#$%&'6(V:)3$-("I$(:)U")3$(:$1H)(!$U"+,'(U")(H+5)I'-($(':'1H"3+!$!)(
!)( $3$,+-$1( M'+( !)-)35',5+!$( :'1( .,P-'M'-( 5+3#",$!'-( $'-( #"1-'-( !)(
*+,'-'.$6( I0'1$()3#'3H1)I'-($,O"I$-(:"0,+#$%Y)-(!)--)-(.,P-'M'-(-'01)(
'( $--"3H'4( ),$-( )-H&'( I$+-( #)3H1$!$-( 3$-( U")-HY)-( :',LH+#'=)!"#$#+'3$+-(
#'3#)13)3H)-( a( +I:'1H23#+$( !$( *+,'-'.$( )( !'( -)"( )3-+3'( 3$( M'1I$%&'(
!'(#+!$!&'4(H)I$(1)#'11)3H)(!)-!)('(.3$,(!'-($3'-(<bF?62 A despeito da
+I:'1H23#+$(!$!$(:'1(5N1+'-(.,P-'M'-($'()3-+3'(!$(.,'-'.$4()-:)#+$,I)3H)(
c$3H( )( d)O),43( U"$3!'( 3&'( )-HN( !+1)H$I)3H)( 5+3#",$!'( a( :',LH+#$(
)!"#$#+'3$,(!'-(#"1-'-(!)(*+,'-'.$4(3'(U")(!+B(1)-:)+H'()-:)#+.#$I)3H)(
1
(Q'I'(0)I('0-)15$I(e$,,'()(c'Z$3(f7???g4($'(-)(1)M)1+1)I($'()3-+3'(-)#"3!N1+'4(
h$( 0+0,+'O1$.$( X( :$1#$4( #'I'( 0)I( -$0)( U"$,U")1( :1'M)--'1( U")4( $3O"-H+$!'( M1)3H)( a(
)-.3O)(!$(-$,$(!)($",$4(H)3H$(0"-#$1(3'-(,+51'-("I($,)3H'(:$1$(-)"(H1$0$,Z'(#'H+!+$3'4(
"I$( M'1I$( !)( I),Z'1( M"3!$I)3H$1( -"$( :1NH+#$( !'#)3H)6( i( #)1H'( U")( H)I'-( 5N1+'-(
I$3"$+-(:$1$('()3-+3'(!)(.,'-'.$(3)--)(3L5),()(I)-I'($,O"3-(0'3-(I$3"$+-6(K$-($(
:1'!"%&'(.,'-P.#$(-'01)('()3-+3'(!$(.,'-'.$4()3H1)(3P-4($+3!$(X(:1$H+#$I)3H)(3",$6j(
f:6(kg6(E$(3'H$(!)(1'!$:X(!$(I)-I$(:NO+3$(M$B)I('(-)O"+3H)()-#,$1)#+I)3H'(hC--'(-)(
não considerarmos uma produção até razoável de dissertações de mestrado e teses de
!'"H'1$!'(-'01)('(H)I$(3)--)(:)1L'!'6( --$-(!+--)1H$%Y)-()(H)-)-4(:'1XI4(1$1$I)3H)(
#'3-)O")I( !)+_$1( $-( )-H$3H)-( !$-( 0+0,+'H)#$-4( #Z)O$3!'( a-( I&'-( !'( :1'M)--'1( !)(
.,'-'.$(U")()-HN()I(-$,$(!)($",$6j(l"$3!'('($--"3H'(X('()3-+3'(!$(*+,'-'.$(3'-(#"1-'-(
-":)1+'1)-($(0+0,+'O1$.$($+3!$(X(I$+-(1)-H1+H$6
2
(V(!+-#"--&'(-'01)($(+I:'1H23#+$(!$(*+,'-'.$(-)(!)5)(a(1)H+1$!$(!'()3-+3'(!$(*+,'-'.$(
!'( 3-+3'( KX!+'6( ['$( :$1H)( !'-( H)_H'-( U")( M'1$I( :"0,+#$!'-( !"1$3H)( )--)( :)1L'!'(
:1'#"1$I4( !)( $,O"I( I'!'4( "I$( -)3-+0+,+B$%&'( !$( +I:'1H23#+$( !)--)( -$0)1( :$1$( $(
formação humana.
3
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SANTOS (1988)
 !"#$%&'()(*+,'-'.$(/0)1,23!+$4(56(784(36(894(:6(;;<=;>?4(@",6A!)B6(7?<?6(CDDE(?<?7=F9?< 333

a( M'1I$%&'( !'-( -)"-( )-H"!$3H)-4( )--)( H)I$( -)I:1)( X( H1$H$!'( #'I'( "I(
problema de menor importância para a !"#$#%&4(-)3!'()--$(H$1)M$(!)+_$!$(
:$1$('-(h)!"#$!'1)-j(p(:)!$O'O'-()(.,P-'M'-(!$()!"#$%&'6(`$,5)B("I(!'-(
I'H+5'-(:$1$(H&'(:'"#$-(:"0,+#$%Y)-(-)@$(@"-H$I)3H)('(M$H'(!)($-(U")-HY)-(
!'( )3-+3'( !$( *+,'-'.$( -)1)I( )3H)3!+!$-( #'I'( '()$*+)$, )-(.&.!#/&!$4(
'( U")( :'--+5),I)3H)( $-( !+-H$3#+$1+$( !'-( 01#2")3&$, %"#$4%.#$6(V--+I4( $(
*+,'-'.$( :'!)1+$( -)( '#":$1( !)( U")-HY)-( hI$+-( +I:'1H$3H)-j( )( ),)5$!$-(
#'I'($(K)H$ML-+#$4($(H)'1+$(!'(#'3Z)#+I)3H'4($(iH+#$4(!)(M'1I$(O)1$,()4(
:1+3#+:$,I)3H)4($(d+-HP1+$(!$(*+,'-'.$6
/I$(!$-(1$BY)-(U")(:'!)I()_:,+#$14(I$-(3&'(@"-H+.#$14('(:'"#'(
+3H)1)--)(-'01)('-(:1'0,)I$-(!'()3-+3'(!$(*+,'-'.$(:'1(:$1H)(!'-(.,P-'M'-(
:'!)()-H$1(,'#$,+B$!$(3$(Z+-HP1+$(!'-(#"1-'-(!)(:P-=O1$!"$%&'()I(*+,'-'.$4(
)3H1)( '-( U"$+-( X( 1$1'( )3#'3H1$1( "I( :1'O1$I$4( N1)$( '"( ,+3Z$( !)( :)-U"+-$(
U")( -)( +3H)1)--)( :),'( $--"3H'( '"( U")( H)3Z$( #'I'( :1+'1+!$!)( :)3-$1( '(
)3-+3'( !$( *+,'-'.$6( Q'11'0'1$3!'( 3'--$( Z+:PH)-)4( '"H1'( +3!L#+'( !)--$(
M$,H$( !)( +3H)1)--)( :'!)( -)1( :)1#)0+!'( U"$3!'( :)1#'11)I'-( $( Z+-HP1+$( !$(
5$$#.!&67#,8&.!#/&",-),94$:;1&-(&67#,)3, !"#$#%&(fVEJW*g4(M"3!$!$(
em março de 1983.4(E'H$I'-(U")4(!$(-"$(M"3!$%&'($HX(7??F4(3"3#$(Z'"5)(
3$(VEJW*("I(Grupo de Trabalho fe`g5(U")(H1$H$--)()-:)#+.#$I)3H)(!'(
)3-+3'(!$(*+,'-'.$()(!)(-)"-(:1'0,)I$-(#'11),$H'-6(V:)3$-()I(7??F(M'+(
criado um espaço para a discussão sobre essa temática com a fundação

4
(QM6(:NO+3$('.#+$,(!$(VEJW*(!+-:'3L5),()IS(]]]6$3:'M6'1O6016
5
(W-(O1":'-(!)(H1$0$,Z'(U")(#'I:Y)I($H"$,I)3H)(f7??9g($(VEJW*(-&'('-(-)O"+3H)-S(
Aristótelesq( Benedictus de Spinozaq( Ceticismoq( Criticismo e Semânticaq( Dialéticaq(
Epistemologia Analíticaq( Estéticaq( -H"!'-( !)( *+,'-'.$( )( d+-HP1+$( !$( Q+R3#+$q(
iH+#$q( iH+#$( )( Q+!$!$3+$q( iH+#$( )( *+,'-'.$( J',LH+#$q( iH+#$( )( J',LH+#$( 3$( *+,'-'.$(
do Renascimentoq( Filosofar e Ensinar a Filosofarq( *+,'-'.$( V3H+O$q( *+,'-'.$(
Contemporânea de Expressão Francesaq( *+,'-'.$( !$( Q+R3#+$q( *+,'-'.$( !$( d+-HP1+$(
)( K'!)13+!$!)q( *+,'-'.$( !$( m+3O"$O)Iq( *+,'-'.$( !$( K)3H)q( *+,'-'.$( !$( n),+O+&'q(
*+,'-'.$(!$-(Q+R3#+$-(*'1I$+-q(*+,'-'.$()(G+1)+H'q(*+,'-'.$()(J-+#$3N,+-)q(*+,'-'.$(
Francesa Contemporâneaq(*+,'-'.$(3$(C!$!)(KX!+$q(*+,'-'.$(JP-=K)H$ML-+#$q(Hegelq(
Heideggerq( d+-HP1+$( !$( *+,'-'.$( !$( E$H"1)B$q( d+-HP1+$( !$( *+,'-'.$( K)!+)5$,( )( $(
n)#):%&'(!$(*+,'-'.$(V3H+O$q(História do Ceticismoq(c$3Hq(Levinasq(Lógicaq(Lógica
e Ontologiaq( K$1_( )( $( `1$!+%&'( G+$,XH+#$q( K$1_+-I'q( Neoplatonismoq( Nietzscheq(
J)3-$I)3H'( !'( -X#",'( roCCq( J,$H&'( )( '( J,$H'3+-I'q( J1$OI$H+-I'( )( *+,'-'.$(
Americanaq(Rousseau e o Iluminismoq(Schopenhauerq(Teorias da Justiçaq(Wittgenstein.
334 !"#$%&'()(*+,'-'.$(/0)1,23!+$4(56(784(36(894(:6(;;<=;>?4(@",6A!)B6(7?<?6(CDDE(?<?7=F9?<

!'( e`4( !"#$#<&1, ), )/$!/&1, &, %"#$#<&1=, A própria escolha do nome foi
-+O3+.#$H+5$4("I$(5)B(U")(3'I)$1('(e`(!)(h)3-+3'(!$(*+,'-'.$j(:'!)1+$(
#$"-$1("I$(#'3M"-&'(#'I($,O"I(H)I$(!$(*+,'-'.$(!$()!"#$%&'4('"($,O"I$(
$:1'_+I$%&'( #'I( :1'0,)I$-( !)( $:,+#$%&'( :)!$OPO+#$4( U")( )-#$:$--)(
!'-(+3H)1)--)-(!$(*+,'-'.$4(!)+_$3!'(U")()-H)($--"3H'(#'3H+3"$--)(-)3!'(
:)-U"+-$!'($:)3$-(3'-(:1'O1$I$-(!)()!"#$%&'66
V:)-$1( !'( $#)+H)( !$( VEJW*( )I( #1+$1( '( 1)M)1+!'( e`4( U"$3!'(
analisamos a constituição de seu 8>.")#,-),$($*)/*&67#47(3'H$I'-(U")(),)(
X( #'I:'-H'( I$@'1+H$1+$I)3H)( :'1( :)-U"+-$!'1)-( U")( )-H&'( 5+3#",$!'-( a-(
pós-graduações em educação8()(U")(!)-)35',5)I(:)-U"+-$-()I(*+,'-'.$(
da Educação. Esse fato talvez possa evidenciar muito mais uma concessão
:'1( :$1H)( !$( $--'#+$%&'( !'-( .,P-'M'-( )35',5+!'-( #'I( $( :P-=O1$!"$%&'(
!)( U")( $,O"3-( :)-U"+-$!'1)-( !$( )!"#$%&'( :'--$I( !+-#"H+1( '-( :1'0,)I$-(

6
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H)I( #'I'( ,+3Z$( !)( :)-U"+-$( '( )3-+3'( !$( *+,'-'.$6( Q1+$!$( )I( 7??>4( H1$B( #'I'(
:)-U"+-$!'1)-( D+,5+'( G'3+B)HH+( e$,,'4( n)3X( !$( D+,5)+1$( `1)3H+34( mL!+$( K$1+$(
n'!1+O'()(n'0)1H'(e'H'6
7
(W(Es#,)'(!)(-"-H)3H$%&'(!'(e`(X(#'I:'-H'(:'1("I(#''1!)3$!'1(U")(H)3Z$(HLH",'(!)(
!'"H'1()(:'1(:),'(I)3'-(I$+-(#+3#'(:1'M)--'1)-A:)-U"+-$!'1)-(#'I(:)-U"+-$(3$(N1)$()(
#'I(1)#'3Z)#+!$(#'I:)HR3#+$($#$!RI+#$6(tQM6(]]]6$3:'M6'1O601u6
8
(VHX('($3'(!)(7??9('(Es#,)'(!)(-"-H)3H$%&'(!'(e`(H)I(#'I'(#''1!)3$!'1(e'3B$,'(
V1I+@'-(f/*eg4(5+#)=#''1!)3$!'1(v$,H)1(WI$1(c'Z$3(f/ nwg4()(#'I'(I)I01'-(
,+-)H)( `'I$B)HH+( f/*DKg4( *+,+:)( Q)::$-( f/e*g4( e$01+),)( Q'13),,+( f/K DJg4(
e)1$,!'([$,!"+3'(d'13(f/*Jng4(d"I0)1H'(e"+!'(f/*/g4(w"3'H(Q'13X,+'(K$H'-(
f/ECQVJg4(m)'3+(K$1+$(J$!+,Z$(d)33+3O(f/ mg4(KN1#+'(G$3),'3(f/3+I):=/*/g4(
K$1#'-(m'1+)1+(fJ/Q=DJg4(K$"1L#+'(n'#Z$(f/ nwg4(J$",$(n$I'-(f/E DJg4(J)!1'(
J$O3+(f/E DJg4(n'-),\(e+'1!$3'(f/*JVg4(DX1O+'(D$1!+(fJ/Q=nDg4(DL,5+'(e$,,'(
f/ECQVKJg4( Dx3+$( K$1+$( n+0)+1'( !)( D'"B$( f/3+-$3H'-g4( v$,H)1( K$H+$-( m+I$(
f/*Vmg6(t#M6(]]]6$3:'M6'1O601u6(G'-(1)M)1+!'-(:)-U"+-$!'1)-4($:)3$-(e'3B$,'(
V1I+@'-4(K$"1L#+'(n'#Z$()(DX1O+'(D$1!+(HRI(I)-H1$!'()(!'"H'1$!'()I(*+,'-'.$4(
-)3!'(U")(n'#Z$($H"$(3$(:P-=O1$!"$%&'()I()!"#$%&'4(D$1!+(3&'(H)I(5L3#",'(#'I(
a pós-graduação stricto sensu( )( $:)3$-( J$,N#+'( :$1H+#+:$( !'( #"1-'( !)( I)-H1$!'(
!$(/3+5)1-+!$!)(*)!)1$,(!)(e'+N-4(#"@$-(,+3Z$-(!)(:)-U"+-$(-&'S(iH+#$()(*+,'-'.$(
J',LH+#$(W3H','O+$()(K)H$ML-+#$()(*+,'-'.$(!$(m+3O"$O)I()(Q'3Z)#+I)3H'4(3&'(
Z$5)3!'4(3'(:1'O1$I$(!'(U"$,(:$1H+#+:$(3)3Z"I$(,+3Z$(!)(:)-U"+-$(U")($01+O")(
$( H)INH+#$( !'( e`6( fW-( !$!'-( M'1$I( :)-U"+-$!'-( 3'( Q"11+#","I( m$HH)-( !)( #$!$(
:)-U"+-$!'14( !+-:'3L5),( 3$( J,$H$M'1I$( m$HH)-( )I( 77( !)( 3'5)I01'( !)( 7??k4( C3S(
,$HH)-6#3:U601g6
 !"#$%&'()(*+,'-'.$(/0)1,23!+$4(56(784(36(894(:6(;;<=;>?4(@",6A!)B6(7?<?6(CDDE(?<?7=F9?< 335

!'( )3-+3'( !$( *+,'-'.$4( !'( U")( "I( 1)$,( +3H)1)--)( :),'( $--"3H'4( "I$( 5)B(
U")( $:)3$-( "I( !'-( I)I01'-( !'( e`( !)-)35',5)( -"$-( :)-U"+-$-( )I( "I(
:1'O1$I$(!)(:P-=O1$!"$%&'()I(*+,'-'.$69
W"H1'(+3!L#+'(!$(M$,H$(!)($H)3%&'(!'-(.,P-'M'-($'-(:1'0,)I$-(!'(
)3-+3'(!$(*+,'-'.$(:'!)(-)1()3#'3H1$!'(3$(:'"#$('#'11R3#+$(!)(O1":'-(!)(
:)-U"+-$(+3-#1+H'-(3'(QEJU(U")(-)(+3H+H",$I(O1":'-(!)(:)-U"+-$()I()3-+3'(
!$(*+,'-'.$('"(U")(-)(!+-:Y)I($(:)-U"+-$1('($--"3H'6( _+-H)I4($H"$,I)3H)4(
<;(O1":'-(+3-#1+H'-(3'(QEJU4('-(U"$+-(3$-(,+3Z$-(!)(:)-U"+-$()3#'3H1$I'-(
a ocorrência da preocupação com o tema )/$!/#,-&, !"#$#%&()4(!)(M'1I$(
I$+-(O)1$,4( !"#$#%&,),?-(.&67#6(G'-(1)M)1+!'-(O1":'-4($:)3$-(>($:'3H$I(
como área predominante($(*+,'-'.$410()3U"$3H'(U")('-('"H1'-(9(+3!+#$I($(
predominância na área de educação.(W(I)-I'('#'11)(U"$3!'($3$,+-$I'-(
as produções de artigos sobre o assunto: a grande maioria é publicada
em periódicos da área de educação ou em periódicos manifestamente
interessados na interface !"#$#%&,),?-(.&67#.
`$,5)B4( $+3!$4( :$1H)( !)--)( :1'0,)I$( )-H)@$( 3'( I'!'( #'I'( $(
$:1'_+I$%&'()3H1)($(*+,'-'.$()($-(U")-HY)-(!'()3-+3'('#'11)"(3'([1$-+,6(W(

9
Cf. Nota anterior.
10
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et al (2006).
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a preocupação passou a ser a busca pela identidade e pela consolidação

!'(#"1-'(!)(*+,'-'.$6(C--'(:'!)(-)1()3#'3H1$!'(3$(:NO+3$(+3-H+H"#+'3$,(!'(
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U")( I)3#+'3$I'-( $#+I$4( :1)-#1)5+$( :$1$( $( O1$!"$%&'( '0@)H+5'-( !)(
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#'I( :$!1Y)-( Z)1!$!'-( !$( Z+-H'1+'O1$.$( M1$3#)-$( 1)#)3H)6( V3H)-( !$(
Reforma Universitária tal trabalho podia ser desenvolvido de forma
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semanal e ministradas ao longo de um ano. Estas características
#'3@"O$5$I=-)( #'I( )_+OR3#+$-( 1+O'1'-$-( 3'( H'#$3H)( a( #$1O$( !)(
leitura e trabalho aprofundado com os sistemas e autores tratados nas
disciplinas.13

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13
( G+-:'3L5),( )I( tZHH:SAA]]]6M^#Z6"-:601A!MA-+H)A!):$1H$I)3H'AZ+-H'1+#'6:Z:>.
Acesso em: 19 abril 2007.
14
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A universidade e a vida atual(f7??;g4(3'(U"$,(),)($:1)-)3H$4(!)3H1)('"H1'-(:1'0,)I$-(!$(
"3+5)1-+!$!)(01$-+,)+1$4('-(,+I+H)-(!'()3-+3'()-H1"H"1$,+-H$(!$(.,'-'.$6(E&'(U")1)I'-(
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nosso objetivo não é esse.
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deva haver uma separação drástica entre preparar para a pesquisa
), 01)0&1&1, 0&1&, &, -#.G/.!&, /#, H);(/-#, I1&(S( !)5)( Z$5)14( :),'(
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do aluno15 (grifos no original).

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foram substituídas pelas disciplinas de ?-(.&67#,J#1&",),KLM!.& e Ordem
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éticos da nacionalidade por meio do fortalecimento da unidade nacional e
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15

Acesso em: 19 abril 2007.

 !"#$%&'()(*+,'-'.$(/0)1,23!+$4(56(784(36(894(:6(;;<=;>?4(@",6A!)B6(7?<?6(CDDE(?<?7=F9?< 339

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e a explicitação para a sociedade em geral e para os responsáveis pela

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340 !"#$%&'()(*+,'-'.$(/0)1,23!+$4(56(784(36(894(:6(;;<=;>?4(@",6A!)B6(7?<?6(CDDE(?<?7=F9?<

)!"#$%&'4( )I( :$1H+#",$1( !$( +I:'1H23#+$( !$( 1)#','#$%&'( !$( !+-#+:,+3$( !)(
*+,'-'.$(3'( 3-+3'(KX!+'()(!$("1OR3#+$()I(-)()M)H+5$1(+--'6(V--+I4(U"$-)(
H'!$($(!+-#"--&'(-'01)('()3-+3'(!$(*+,'-'.$(.1I'"=-)(3'(!)0$H)(-'01)(-"$(
importância no ensino médio.17
V( :$1H+1( !)( 7???4( 3'( )3H$3H'4( $( )_:$3-&'( '"H1'1$( 1)-:'3-N5),( :'1(
!+M"3!+1( $( *+,'-'.$( #'I'( !+-#+:,+3$( 3'-( #"1-'-( !)( O1$!"$%&'( $#$0'"( :'1(
#'3H1+0"+1( :$1$( U")( :)1!)--)( )-:$%'( )I( H$+-( #"1-'-6( E)--)( -)3H+!'4( $-(
faculdades e institutos de ensino superior vêm gradativamente retirando a
!+-#+:,+3$(!)(C3H1'!"%&'(a(*+,'-'.$4(!)(*+,'-'.$(!$( !"#$%&'()(!)(*+,'-'.$(
)(iH+#$(*"3!$I)3H$,(!)(-)"-(#"11L#",'-()-#',$1)-6(V(@"-H+.#$H+5$(:$1$(+--'(
1)#$+(3'($1O"I)3H'(!)(U")(ZN("I$()_+OR3#+$(!)($:1)--$I)3H'(3$(M'1I$%&'(
!'($,"3'("3+5)1-+HN1+'(:),$(!)I$3!$(!'(I)1#$!'()(U")4(:'1(+--'4(!+-#+:,+3$-(
U")(3&'(#'3H1+0"$I(!+1)H$I)3H)(#'I($(M'1I$%&'(:1'.--+'3$,(:1)#+-$I(-)1(
),+I+3$!$-(!'(#"11L#",'6(W"H1'($1O"I)3H'(U")($I:$1$($(-":1)--&'(!$(*+,'-'.$(
3)--)-(#"1-'-(X($(3)#)--+!$!)(!)(U")($-(!+-#+:,+3$-(menos necessárias dêem
,"O$1(aU"),$-(!)(hM"3!$I)3H$,(+I:'1H23#+$j(a(M'1I$%&'(HX#3+#$6(V(HLH",'(!)(
)_)I:,'4('-(#"1-'-(!)(:)!$O'O+$(U")(H+3Z$I(-"$-(!+-#+:,+3$-(!+5+!+!$-($'(
,'3O'( !)( U"$H1'( $3'-4( $H"$,I)3H)( -&'( 1)$,+B$!'-( )I( $:)3$-( H1R-( $3'-( )I(
0'$(:$1H)(!$-(M$#",!$!)-4()-:)#+$,I)3H)($-(:1+5$!$-6(J'!)1L$I'-(+I:"H$1($(
1$B&'(!+--'(-+I",H$3)$I)3H)(a(:1)--$(!$-(+3-H+H"+%Y)-(:1+5$!$-()I(M'1I$1(
'-($,"3'-(:$1$('0H)1(I$+'1(,"#1'(#'I(-"$(M'1I$%&'()(a(:1)--$(!'-(:1P:1+'-(
alunos para entrar no mercado de trabalho o mais rapidamente possível.
E'()3H$3H'4(3'H$I'-(U")(I)-I'($-(+3-H+H"+%Y)-(!)()3-+3'(:s0,+#'(-)O")I(
"I(#$I+3Z'(I"+H'(:$1)#+!'4(!)-#$1H$3!'(!)(-)"-(#"11L#",'-($(!+-#+:,+3$(!)(
*+,'-'.$18()4()I($,O"3-(#$-'-4(+3#,"-+5)($(!)(*+,'-'.$(!$( !"#$%&'6(
17
`'!'()--)(!)0$H)(-'01)('()3-+3'(!$(*+,'-'.$(3'( 3-+3'(KX!+'(M'+(:',+H+#$I)3H)(
I"+H'( +I:'1H$3H)4( :'1XI4( 3)--)( I)-I'( #'3H)_H'4( '( !)0$H)( 3)#)--N1+'( !)( -)1(
1)$,+B$!'( -'01)( '( )3-+3'( !)( *+,'-'.$( 3'-( #"1-'( -":)1+'1)-( M'+( :1)@"!+#$!$(
f)-:)#+$,I)3H)( $U"),)-( U")( 3&'( H+3Z$I( #'I'( '0@)H+5'( $( M'1I$%&'( .,'-P.#$( p(
[$#Z$1),$!'-()(m+#)3#+$H"1$-()I(*+,'-'.$g6(V(#'3-)U"R3#+$(!+--'(M'+($(O1$!"$,(
1)H+1$!$(!'()3-+3'(!$(*+,'-'.$(3$(!$(M'1I$%&'("3+5)1-+HN1+$4(:1+3#+:$,()-:$%'(U")(
'#":'"(U"$3!'(!'(!)#,L3+'(!)(-"$($%&'(3'( 3-+3'(KX!+'()4(:1+3#+:$,I)3H)4(3'(
.3$,(!$(!X#$!$(!)(<b9?4(#'I($(O1$3!)()_:$3-&'()($0)1H"1$(!)(#"1-'-(-":)1+'1)-6
18
(J$1$(3'-(!)H)1I'-($($:)3$-("I()_)I:,'(!)--)(M$H'4(:'!)I'-(M$B)1(1)M)1R3#+$(
a(1)#)3H)(1)H+1$!$(!$(!+-#+:,+3$(!)(C3H1'!"%&'(a(*+,'-'.$(!'(#"1-'(!)(J)!$O'O+$(
!$(/3)-:(!)(K$1L,+$()I(7??F4(-'0($,)O$%&'(!$(3)#)--+!$!)(!)(#1+$1()-:$%'(:$1$(
 !"#$%&'()(*+,'-'.$(/0)1,23!+$4(56(784(36(894(:6(;;<=;>?4(@",6A!)B6(7?<?6(CDDE(?<?7=F9?< 341

V()--)(1)-:)+H'4(e$,,'('0-)15$(U")

E$("3+5)1-+!$!)(01$-+,)+1$(Z'@)4(3&'(5)I'-($(:1)-)3%$(!$(.,'-'.$(3'-(
#"11L#",'-(!'-(#"1-'-4($(3&'(-)1(3'(#$-'(!)(+3-H+H"+%Y)-(#'3M)--+'3$+-4(
U")()3H)3!)I(U")(#'3Z)#+I)3H'-(!)(.,'-'.$(-&'(3)#)--N1+'-(:$1$($(
realização de seu projeto pedagógico.
E$-( "3+5)1-+!$!)-( :s0,+#$-4( $( :1)-)3%$( !$( .,'-'.$( 3'-( #"1-'-( !N=-)(
$:)3$-(U"$3!'(X(!+1)H$I)3H)(1),$#+'3$!$(#'I($U"),$(#$11)+1$6(f7??k4(-A:g6(

E)--)( -)3H+!'4( :'!)I'-( +3M)1+1( U")( 1)-H'"( a( *+,'-'.$( -)1( "I$(

disciplina de caráter instrumental ou interdisciplinar4( #'I'( $,O"3-(
:1)M)1)I( +3H+H",N=,$4( #$0)3!'( $( ),$( '#":$1( '( )-:$%'( !)( H1$3-5)1-$,+!$!)(
3'-(#"11L#",'-6(V--+I4('()3-+3'(!$(*+,'-'.$(!)+_'"(!)(-)1("I(-$0)1(U")(
:1)#+-$--)( !)( $,O"XI( )-:)#+$,+B$!'( :$1$( I+3+-H1N=,'6( C--'( M)B( #'I( U")(
-'M1)--)( "I$( -+I:,+.#$%&'( )_#)--+5$4( :$--$--)( $( -)1( "I( #'3Z)#+I)3H'(
#'I"I(p(-)3-'(#'I"I(p()4(!)-H$(M'1I$4(H'!'-(:"!)1$I(-)(-)3H+1(h#$:$B)-j(
!)()3-+3$1($(*+,'-'.$(H1$3-5)1-$,I)3H)6( --)(I'!'(!)(H1$H$1('()3-+3'(!$(
*+,'-'.$( )3#'3H1$( 1)-:$,!'( 3$( m)+ 36( b6;b8AbF4( U")4( $:)-$1( !)( H1$B)1( $(
:'--+0+,+!$!)(!'(1)H'13'(!$(*+,'-'.$(:$1$('( 3-+3'(KX!+'()(!)($--"I+1($(
-"$(+I:'1H23#+$4(1)-)15$($(),$("I(,"O$1(!)(:"1$($:$1R3#+$4(:1+3#+:$,I)3H)(
)I("I(H)I$(#$1'(a(*+,'-'.$(U")(X($(XH+#$6(
G$!$-($-(I$B),$-(:),$-(U"$+-($(*+,'-'.$(:$--'"4(3$-(s,H+I$-(!X#$!$-4(
$( :1)'#":$%&'( !'-( )-H"!+'-'-( $#)1#$( !'( )3-+3'( !$( *+,'-'.$( ,'#$,+B'"=
-)( )I( "I( $-:)#H'( U")( :1)#+-$5$( -)1( )5+!)3#+$!'S( '( #'35)3#+I)3H'( !$(
+I:'1H23#+$(!$(*+,'-'.$(3$(M'1I$%&'(!'-($,"3'-(3'-( 3-+3'-(*"3!$I)3H$,4(
KX!+'4(D":)1+'1()4($HX(I)-I'4(3'()3-+3'(!$(*+,'-'.$(:$1$(#1+$3%$-4(#'I('(
objetivo de marcar o seu lugar na formação crítica do sujeito.
E'-($3'-(<bb?4(3'H$I'-(U")(Z'"5)("I$(#'3H+3"+!$!)(3$(!+-#"--&'(
-'01)( $( +I:'1H23#+$( !$( )_+-HR3#+$( !'( .,P-'M'( 3$( -'#+)!$!)4( 1)+H)1$3!'( $(
H)3!R3#+$( )I( -)( I$1#$1( :'-+%&'( U"$3H'( a( 3)#)--+!$!)( !$( *+,'-'.$( :$1$(
a formação do cidadão crítico. A esse respeito podemos fazer referência
$'(,+51'(!)(V1$3H)-()H($,4(5,%"#$#%&,),$)(,)/$!/#N(!)(<bb<419('(U"$,(1)"3+"(

h!+-#+:,+3$-(+I:1)-#+3!L5)+-j(a(M'1I$%&'(!'-(M"H"1'-(:)!$O'O'-6
19
( `)3!'( )I( 5+-H$( U")( "H+,+B$I'-( $( -)O"3!$( )!+%&'4( !)( <bbF4( :$--$1)I'-( $( M$B)1(
342 !"#$%&'()(*+,'-'.$(/0)1,23!+$4(56(784(36(894(:6(;;<=;>?4(@",6A!)B6(7?<?6(CDDE(?<?7=F9?<

5N1+'-(.,P-'M'-(U")4(3$U"),)(I'I)3H'4()-H$5$I(:1)'#":$!'-()I(:)3-$1(
'()3-+3'(!$(*+,'-'.$(#'I'("I$(!+-#+:,+3$(U")(:'!)1+$(#'3H1+0"+1(:$1$(-)(
:)3-$1($(!+I)3-&'(-'#+$,(!'(Z'I)I4(Z+:PH)-)(!)-)35',5+!$(:'1(*1$3z,+3(
Leopoldo e Silva no capítulo intitulado: 5,<(/67#,$#.!&",-#,%"4$#<# (1996).
(E'-( $3'-( 7???4( $( H)INH+#$( I$3H)5)=-)( )4( !)( #)1H'( I'!'4(
+3H)3-+.#'"=-)4( :1+3#+:$,I)3H)( $( :$1H+1( !$( $:1'5$%&'( :),'( #'3O1)--'(
3$#+'3$,()(1)-:)#H+5'(5)H'(!'(:1)-+!)3H)(!$(n):s0,+#$()I(7??<(!'(J1'@)H'(
!)( m)+( 36( ;<k9Abk( U")( 5)1-$5$( -'01)( $( '01+O$H'1+)!$!)( !'( )3-+3'( !$(
*+,'-'.$( )( D'#+','O+$( 3'( 3-+3'( KX!+'6( G)5+!'( $( )--)( #'3H1$H)I:'4( $-(
!+-#"--Y)-(-'01)($(+I:'1H23#+$(!'()3-+3'(!$(*+,'-'.$()(!$-(#'3!+%Y)-(:$1$(
-"$( +I:,$3H$%&'( H'I$1$I( "I$( M'1%$( I"+H'( I$+'1( 3'( #)3N1+'( 3$#+'3$,4(
"I$(5)B(U")('(I'H+5'(!'(5)H'(M'+($(M$,H$(!)(:1'M)--'1)-(:$1$($--"I+1($-(
1)-:)#H+5$-($",$-6(`'I$B)HH+(!)-H$#$(U")4

|666}( $:)-$1( !$( !)11'H$4( +3-H$"1'"=-)( :'-+H+5$I)3H)( "I( :1'#)--'( !)(

1)^)_&'(-'01)('()3-+3'(!$(.,'-'.$4(-"$-()_+OR3#+$-4(!+.#",!$!)-4(M'1I$(
)(#'3H)s!'6( (I$+-4(!)3H1'(!)("I(#'3H)_H'(3$#+'3$,(!)(!+-#"--Y)-()(
!)(3'5$-(:',LH+#$-(:$1$($(M'1I$%&'(!)(:1'M)--'1)-4(:$--'"=-)($(!+-#"H+1(
$(M'1I$%&'(+3+#+$,(!'(:1'M)--'1(!)(*+,'-'.$(!)3H1'(!)("I(#"1-'(U")4(
I)-I'(-)3!'(!)(,+#)3#+$H"1$4(I"+H$-(5)B)-()3M$H+B$($(M'1I$%&'(:$1$(
$(:)-U"+-$4()I(!)H1+I)3H'(!$(:1):$1$%&'(:$1$($(!'#R3#+$6(f7??74(-A:g

( I( #'3-'323#+$( #'I( '( !)0$H)( :s0,+#'( U")( '#'11+$( 3'( [1$-+,4(

-"1O+1$I( 5N1+'-( )3#'3H1'-( U")( 5+-$5$I( $I:,+$1( $+3!$( I$+-( '( !)0$H)(
público sobre o assunto: E, K#/;1)$$#, !/*)1/&.!#/&", -), %"#$#%&, .#3,
crianças e jovens f<bbbg()I([1$-L,+$q Congresso brasileiro de professores
-),%"#$#%&,f7???g()I(J+1$#+#$0$q(H!304$!#,$#21),#,)/$!/#,-&,%"#$#%&,-&,
região sudeste( f7??7g( )I( J+1$#+#$0$q( 41(3, $(", -), )/$!/#, -&, %"#$#%&20

referência a esse livro como sendo de 1996.

20
O 41(3,H(",-),?/$!/#,-), !"#$#%&N,@N()I(-"$(9~()!+%&'4(X(1)-",H$!'(!$("3+&'(!)(
5N1+'-(#"1-'-(!)(*+,'-'.$(!'(-",(!'([1$-+,(U")(-)(:1)'#":$I()I(!)0$H)1('()3-+3'(!$(
*+,'-'.$6(W-()3#'3H1'-(H+5)1$I(+3L#+'()I(7??<(#'I('(H)I$(h/I(',Z$1(-'01)('()3-+3'(
!$(.,'-'.$j()4($(:$1H+1(!)()3H&'4(M'1$I(1)$,+B$!'-($3"$,I)3H)()(!+-#"H+1$I('-(-)O"+3H)-(
H)I$-S( h*+,'-'.$( )( )3-+3'( )I( !)0$H)j( f7??7gq( h*+,'-'.$( )( 3-+3'S( :'--+0+,+!$!)-( )(
!)-$.'-j(f7??;gq(h*+,'-'.$()()3-+3'S("I(!+N,'O'(H1$3-!+-#+:,+3$1j(f7??8gq(h*+,'-'.$()(
 !"#$%&'()(*+,'-'.$(/0)1,23!+$4(56(784(36(894(:6(;;<=;>?4(@",6A!)B6(7?<?6(CDDE(?<?7=F9?< 343

f!)( 7??<( $( 7??9g( )I( J$--'( *"3!'4( C@"L4( Q"1+H+0$4( D&'( m)':',!'4( D$3H$(
K$1+$()(m'3!1+3$q( 41(3,.)/*1#:#)$*),$#21),)/$!/#,),0)$'(!$&,)3,%"#$#%&
f7??<4(7??74(7??;4(7??8g4()I([1$-L,+$4(e'+23+$()(J$,I$-q(Fórum norte de
)/$!/#,-&,%"#$#%&,f7??8g4 )I([),XI(!'(J$1N. Esses Fóruns e Simpósios
HRI(-)(:1)'#":$!'()I(H1$B)1(a(H'3$('(!)0$H)4(3&'(-P(!'()3-+3'(!$(*+,'-'.$(
3'( -)O"3!'( O1$"( '"( 3$( "3+5)1-+!$!)421 mas também a problemática do
)3-+3$1($(*+,'-'.$(:$1$()-H"!$3H)-(!'(#"1-'(!)(*+,'-'.$6(E)--)(-)3H+!'4($(
ressonância da preocupação dos estudos realizados nas décadas anteriores
pode ser encontrada no empenho dos organizadores desses eventos em dar
#'3H+3"+!$!)(a(!+-#"--&'(-'01)($(H)INH+#$(!'()3-+3'(!$(*+,'-'.$6
E'H$I'-(U")(H'!$()--$(!+-#"--&'(H)I(-"1H+!'()M)+H'4("I$(5)B(U")(
$(*+,'-'.$(H)I(O$3Z$!'(5+-+0+,+!$!)()($(:1'#"1$(:'1(#"1-'-(!)(,+#)3#+$H"1$(
3)--$(N1)$(H)I($"I)3H$!'(-+O3+.#$H+5$I)3H)6( I(!+5)1-'-()-H$!'-(!'([1$-+,(
'()3-+3'(!)--$(!+-#+:,+3$(H'13'"=-)('01+O$HP1+'(3'( 3-+3'(KX!+'4()I0'1$(
ainda existam diversas discordâncias sobre a implantação das resoluções e
sobre os jogos políticos dos Conselhos Estaduais e Federais de Educação
$(1)-:)+H'(!$(!)H)1I+3$%&'(!'(Q'3-),Z'(E$#+'3$,6(W"H1'(#$I:'(3'(U"$,($(
*+,'-'.$(H)I(O$3Z$!'()-:$%'(X($(:$1H+#+:$%&'(3'-()_$I)-(5)-H+0",$1)-422
:'1(I)+'(!$(),$0'1$%&'(H$3H'(!)(U")-HY)-(U")(H1$H$I()-:)#+.#$I)3H)(!)(
#'3Z)#+I)3H'-( .,'-P.#'-( U"$3H'( !$-( U")( "H+,+B$I( $( *+,'-'.$( #'I'( "I(
-$0)1(hH1$3-5)1-$,j4(5+-$3!'(a(#'I:1))3-&'(.,'-P.#$(!)(#)1H$-(U")-HY)-6
V,O"3-( !)0$H)-4( $+3!$( U")( H)3Z$I( H'I$!'( I)3'1)-( :1':'1%Y)-4(
:'!)I( -)1( 1)-O$H$!'-( :'1( -)"( M'1H)( 5+X-( I)H'!',PO+#'4( '"( -)@$4( :'1(
!$1)I(R3M$-)(a(#'I:1))3-&'(!)("I$(I)H'!','O+$(!'()3-+3'(!$(*+,'-'.$(
)( a( #'3M)#%&'( !)( I$3"$+-( '"( !)( ,+51'-( !+!NH+#'-6( E)--)( -)3H+!'4( $,O"3-(
)-H"!+'-'-(!)!+#$I=-)($(:)3-$1('()3-+3'(!$(*+,'-'.$(#'I'("I(1)-O$H)(!)(
H)I$-( U")( -)@$I( +I:'1H$3H)-( :$1$( '( )31+U")#+I)3H'( !'-( #'3Z)#+I)3H'-(

3-+3'S($(.,'-'.$(3$()-#',$j(f7??>gq(h*+,'-'.$(3$(/3+5)1-+!$!)j(f7??Fgq(h*+,'-'.$()(
-'#+)!$!)j(f7??kgq(*+,'-'.$4(M'1I$%&'(!'#)3H)()(#+!$!$3+$(f7??9g6(
21
( -H$I'-(3'-(1)M)1+3!'($'-(#"1-'-(U")(HRI()I(-"$(O1$!)(#"11+#",$1($-(!+-#+:,+3$-(!)(
*+,'-'.$4(*+,'-'.$(!$( !"#$%&'4(*+,'-'.$()(iH+#$()H#6
22
( C--'( H)I( '#'11+!'( $:)-$1( !)( H'!$( $( :1'0,)I$H+B$%&'( )I( 1),$%&'( $'-( I$,)-( U")( $(
+I:,$3H$%&'( 3'-( 5)-H+0",$1)-( :'!)( #$"-$1( a( *+,'-'.$6( /I( 01)5)( 1),$H'( -'01)( $(
+3+#+$H+5$(M)+H$(:),$(/*/(:'!)(-)1()3#'3H1$!'(3'($1H+O'()-#1+H'(:'1(e"+!'(f7???g4(3'(
,+51'(*+,'-'.$(3'( 3-+3'(KX!+'6
344 !"#$%&'()(*+,'-'.$(/0)1,23!+$4(56(784(36(894(:6(;;<=;>?4(@",6A!)B6(7?<?6(CDDE(?<?7=F9?<

dos alunos. Isso está sendo debatido mais detidamente desde a década de
9?( :),$( #'I"3+!$!)( .,'-P.#$( 01$-+,)+1$4( :1+3#+:$,I)3H)( :),'-( .,P-'M'-(
!$( )!"#$%&'4( H)3!'( :'1( '0@)H+5'-( #'I:1))3!)1( '( :1'0,)I$( )( :1':'1(
)3#$I+3Z$I)3H'-(:$1$('()3-+3'(!$(*+,'-'.$6(G)($#'1!'(#'I(e$,,+3$4(

E$(!X#$!$(!)(9?('#'11)1$I(+3H)3-'-(!)0$H)-(-'01)('()3-+3'(!$(.,'-'.$4(
'-(U"$+-(-&'(+I:'1H$3H)-(3$(I)!+!$()I(U")(3'-(I'-H1$I(3&'(-'I)3H)(
'(U")(:)3-$I('-(.,P-'M'-(01$-+,)+1'-(-'01)($(.,'-'.$()('(-)"()3-+3'4(
I$-( H$I0XI( $( -"$( +3^"R3#+$( a-( M"H"1$-( O)1$%Y)-( !)( :1'M)--'1)-( !)(
.,'-'.$6(f7??84(-A:g6

E&'( '0-H$3H)4( $( !+-#"--&'( !)--)( :)1L'!'( M'+( I$1#$!$4( -)O"3!'(

e$,,+3$( f7??8g4( :),$( !+-#"--&'( $#)1#$( !'-( H)I$-( )( #'3H)s!'-( $( -)1)I(
)3-+3$!'-6( I(<b9b()(<bb8(-"1O+1$I(!'+-(I$3"$+-(U")(H1$B+$I(5N1+'-(H)I$-(
)( #'3H)s!'-( U")( :)1:$--$5$I( $,O"I$-( #'11)3H)-( .,'-P.#$-4( '0@)H+5$3!'(
auxiliar o professor em suas atividades pedagógicas: Filosofando
fVnVEdV4(<b9bg()(K#/M!*),F,%"#$#%&,fQdV/C4(<bb8g. O primeiro deles
H1$B()I(-"$($:1)-)3H$%&'("I(5+X-(I$1_+-H$()('(-)O"3!'4(:'1(I)+'(!)("I$(
$0'1!$O)I( I$+-( Z+-HP1+#'=H)INH+#$( !'-( H)I$-( )( #'3H)s!'-( .,'-P.#'-4(
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G+$3H)(!$()_:,$3$%&'($#)1#$(!'(I'!'(#'I'('()3-+3'(!$(*+,'-'.$()-HN(
-)3!'(H1$H$!'(3'([1$-+,4(:'!)I'-(+3!+#$1(U")($-(U")-HY)-(U")('()35',5)I(-&'(
!)0$H+!$-(3'(#'3H)_H'($H"$,6(J'1XI()--$-(U")-HY)-(I"+H$-(5)B)-(-)(#'3#)3H1$I(
)I( H1R-( :1)'#":$%Y)-( U")( 3'1H)+$I( $-( :)-U"+-$-S( f<g( '( )3H)3!+I)3H'( !$(
+I:'1H23#+$(!'()3-+3'(!$(*+,'-'.$(:$1$($(-'#+)!$!)4(:$1$($(#",H"1$()(:$1$($(

( --)-(I$3"$+-(!)(*+,'-'.$4(-)O"3!'($-($"H'1$-4(M'1$I(),$0'1$!'-(#'I('(+3H"+H'(!)(
23

M'13)#)1("I(I$H)1+$,(:$1$('-()-H"!$3H)-(!)(*+,'-'.$(!'( 3-+3'(KX!+'6(E'()3H$3H'4(X('(
material mais utilizado nos cursos universitários. O livro K#/M!*),F,%"#$#%&4(3'($3'(!)(
7??;4(@N()-H$5$(3$(-"$(<;~()!+%&'6(W(I)-I'('#'11)"(#'I('(,+51'(Filosofando4(U")4()I(
7??;4()-H$5$(3$(;~()!+%&'4(-)I(#'I:"H$14(3)-H)(H1$0$,Z'4($-(5N1+$-(1)+I:1)--Y)-(M)+H$-(
nesse período.
 !"#$%&'()(*+,'-'.$(/0)1,23!+$4(56(784(36(894(:6(;;<=;>?4(@",6A!)B6(7?<?6(CDDE(?<?7=F9?< 345

M'1I$%&'(#1LH+#$(!'(Z'I)Iq(f7g($(1)^)_&'(-'01)('-(H)I$-()(#'3H)s!'-($(-)1)I(
)3-+3$!'-()(-'01)('(#"11L#",'q()(f;g($(0"-#$(!'()3H)3!+I)3H'(I)H'!',PO+#'(
!'()3-+3'(!$(*+,'-'.$6(E'H$I'-(3)--)(#'3H)_H'("I$()-#$--)B(!)(:)-U"+-$-(
U")(:1'0,)I$H+B)I($(1),$%&'(!'(.,P-'M'(#'I($(H$1)M$(U")(,Z)(X(#'3.$!$S(-)1(
:1'M)--'1(!)(*+,'-'.$424($(3&'(-)1(U"$3!'('()3H)3!+I)3H'(!'(ser professor de
!"#$#%&()-HN(5+3#",$!'(a()-#',Z$(!'-(IXH'!'-()(#'3H)s!'-($(-)1)I()3-+3$!'-(
)($'()3H)3!+I)3H'(!$(+I:'1H23#+$(!'()3-+3'(!$(*+,'-'.$6(`$,5)B(+--'(H)3Z$(
1)$.1I$!'("I(:'-+#+'3$I)3H'(:)!$OPO+#'($(:$1H+1(!)("I$(:1'0,)I$H+B$%&'(
)!"#$#+'3$,(!'-(IXH'!'-()(#'3H)s!'-()(!)("I(:'-+#+'3$I)3H'(.,'-P.#'(-'01)(
a importância desse ensino.
E&'(U")1)I'-(3)-H)($1H+O'(3)O$1('(@"-H'(:'-+#+'3$I)3H'($.1I$3!'(
U")(H'!'('(!)0$H)(U")()_+-H+"(3'([1$-+,(-'01)('()3-+3'(!$(*+,'-'.$(H)3Z$(
-+!'( +I:'1H$3H)( )( 3)#)--N1+'4( $'( #'3H1N1+'4( #'3#'1!$I'-( U")4( -)( ),)( 3&'(
H+5)--)()_+-H+!'4($(-+H"$%&'(!'()3-+3'(!$(*+,'-'.$()-H$1+$(I"+H'(:+'16(`'!'(
)--)( !)0$H)( M)B( )( #'3H+3"$( M$B)3!'( :$1H)( !+--'( U")( :'!)I'-( #Z$I$1( !)(
momento histórico( !'( )3-+3'( !$( *+,'-'.$( 3'( [1$-+,6( E'--$( +3H)3%&'( M'+(
!),+3)$1( )4( !)( $,O"I( I'!'4( !)-H$#$1( #'I'( '( !)0$H)( #+1#",'"( $'( 1)!'1(
!)--$-(U")-HY)-6

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24
Alguns autores procuram fazer essa problematização a partir de um deslocamento
3$(H)I$H+B$%&'(!'()3-+3'(!$(*+,'-'.$6(G)3H1)(),)-4(:'!)I'-(!)-H$#$1($-(:)-U"+-$-(!'-(
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Data de registro: 18/03/09

Data de aceite: 03/03/10