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,
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fo r m s th e fi r s t p ar t is t h e t h e o r e t i c al ap p l i c at i o n O f n e w p r i n c i p l e s an d o f t h e
,

r e as o n i n g b y an al o g i e s O f p o s i t i o n s w h i c h h av e b e e n m y g u i d e in p r ac t i c e e s ,

p e c ia l l y d u r i n g th e l as t t w e n t y y e a r s . I t i
.
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p e r h ap s u n n e c e s s ar y t o s t at e

t h at th e t ask w h i c h I h av e s e t b e fo r e m e w as b e se t w i t h e n o r m o u s d i ffi c u l t i e s .

M an y v ar i at i o n s t h at h av e b e e n th e p r o d u c t o f v as t c h an ge s i n th e s t y l e O f
p l ay w h i c h h as t ake n p l ac e in m o d e r n t i m e s h av e n o d o u b t b e e n d u l y n o
,

t i c e d i n ab l e t r e at i se s o n th e g am e b ut n o att e m p t h as y e t b e e n m ad e in any
,

b o o k o n C h e s s to b as e th e an al y s i s sy s t e m at i c al l y o n g e n e r al i d e as w h i c h
w o u l d as s i t th e j u d g m e n t O f th e s t u d e n t i n s i m i l ar p o s i t i o n s
s I n th e p r e s e n t
.

w o r k g r e at e ff o r t s are e s say e d i n t h at d i r e c t i o n e s p e c i al l y i n th e an n o t at i o n
,

O f il l u strativ e g am e s f r o m r a c t i c a l l a w h r e t h e r e s u l t s O f t h e a p p l i c at i o n
p p y e

O f th e p r i n c i p l e s r e c o m m e n d e d f o r t h e c o n d u c t O f t h e o p e n i n s an d t h e m i d d l e
g
p ar t c an b e m o r e d i st i n c t l y t r ac e d i n th e e n d B u t as w i l l b e s e e n f r o m th e
.

f e w e x am p l e s g i v e n in t h i s v o l u m e o f r e as o n i n g o ut t h e o p e n i n g m o v e s
,

by c o m p ar i o n O f d i ff e r n t m ax i m s i t w o u l d h av e b e e n p r ac t i c al l y im p o s s i b l e
s e ,

w i t h i n th e s c o p e o f t h i s w o r k to ad o p t th e s am e s o r t o f c o m m e n t at i o n
t h r o u g h o u t th e an al y s i s O f th e o p e n i n g s an d I h ad to c o n fi n e m y s e l f in t h at
,
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r e s p e c t t o p o i n t i n g o ut th e m o s t s t r i k i n g e x am p l e s O f th e ad ap t at i o n O f p r i n
c ip l e s i n t h e e ar l a r t f t h a m H o w v r I h a v c a r fu l l x a m i n e d
y p O e g e . e e e,
e y e

th e d e b u t s t r e at e d i n t h i s v o l u m e o n t h e b as i s o f s u c h g e n e r al m ax i m s an d ,

as th e o p e n i n gs h av e b e e n h i t h e r t o an al y s e d b y t h e au t h o ri t i e s c h i e fl y
i n an e m p i r i c al m an n e r i t b e c am e n e c e ss ar y t o i n t r o d u c e a v e r y l ar g e n um
,

b e rO f n o v e l t i e s at v ar i o u s s t ag e s O f v ar i at i o n s w h i c h u p t o th e p r e s e n t h ad , ,

b e e n g e n e r al l y r e c o g n i e d as s t an d ar d l i n e s O f p l ay
z I n S h o r t I h av e c o m e
.

t o c o n c l u si o n s d i ff e r i n gv e r y w i d e l y f r o m t h o s e h i t h e r t o s an c t i o n e d b y fi rs t
C l a s p r ac t i t i o n e r s an d au t h o r s r i h t at t h e r o o t s O f t h e o e n i n s an d s o m e t i m e s
s
g p g ,

as e ar l y as o n th e t h i r d o r fo u r t h m o v e s l i k e i n th e R u
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L o t h e P e t ro f t s
, y p e z ,

D e fe n c e an d th e P h il id o r D e fe n c e
, . T h e an al y s i s O f th e o p e n i n g s h ad t h e r e
f o r e t o b e e n t i r e l y r e m o d e l l e d i n m an i n st an c e s i n w h i c h n e w i d e as are d e
y
v l o e d t h at h av e n e v e r b e e n p u t t o an
e p r c t i c l t st M o s t o f t h e e x p e ri
p y a a e .

m e n t al d e d u c t i o n s w h i c h I i n t r o d u c e t o s t u d e n t s O f th e am e m u s t t h e r e fo r e
g ,

b e r e g ar d e d o n l y as i m a i n ar e x am p l e s O f t ac t i c s an d s t r at e w h i c h I t r u st
g y gy
W i l l i n th e m ai n aff o r d o o d i n t r u c t i o n t o t h r ad r b u t a n n t l a a n c l a i m
g s e e e c ,
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t o ab o l u t e ac c u r ac y F o r i t o u g h t t o b e r m e m b e r e d t h at t h e m e r i t s O f m o s t
s . e

O f th e r c o n i
e d t a n d a r d v a r i a t i o n i n t h o p n i n c o l d n o t b tt l d n u
g ze s s e e g u s e se e
vi i i P R E FA C E .

ti l th ey b e e n v e r i fi e d b y n u m e r o u s i l l u s t r at i o n s f r o m t h e p r ac t i c e O f fi rs t
h ad
c l ass m as t e r s i n ac t u al p l ay an d t h at g r av e e rr o r s h av e O ft e n b e e n fo u n d i n
,

v ar i o u s fo r m s O f o p e n i n g s t h at h av e b e e n g r e at l y fav o r e d b y m an y p r o m i n e n t
p r ac t i t i o n e r s an d au t h o r i t i e s fo r a v e r y l o n g t i m e U n d e r t h o se c i r c u m s t an c e s I
.

m u s t e x p e c t t h at o c c as i o n al l y s o m e s h o r t c o m i n g s O f d e m o n s t r at i o n s s uc h as ,

q ui c k e r w ay s O f w in n ing o r d r aw i n g an d p e r h ap s s o m e fau l t s O f j u d g m e n t
,

m ay h av e c r e p t i n t o s o m e O f t h e n u m e r o u s o r i g i n al l i n e s O f p l ay w h i c h aft e r ,

c o n s c i e n t i o u s e x am i n at i o n t o th e b e s t O f m y ab i l i t y I h av e t h o u g h t i t m y
, ,

d u t y t o i n t r o d u c e i n t o t h i s t r e at i s e B u t I t r u s t t h at s uc h fl aw s w i l l
.

b e f o u n d i n a m i n o r i t y b y f ar an d t h at at an y r at e th e i n n o v at i o n s w h i c h I
p r o p o se w i l l g i v e m at e r i al fo r p r ac t i c al t r i al s an d t h e o r e t i c al r e s e ar c h e s t h at
w i l l b e u s e fu l fo r t h e d e v e l o p m e n t O f o u r s c i e n t i fi c p as t i m e .

F o r th e g am e d e p artm e n t I h av e c h i e fl y s e l e c t e d s t r i k i n g e x am p l e s O f b r i l
l i an t c o m b i n at i o n s i n t h e c o n d u c t o f th e K i n g s s i d e att ac k fo r as a m att e r O f
’
, ,

c o u r s e t h e i r s t u d y is q u i t e i n d i s p e n s ab l e t o t h e l e ar n e r
,
A s o n l y v e ry fe w O f
.

th e i n n o v at i o n s w h i c h I p r o p o s e h av e b e e n t e s t e d i n ac t u al p l ay i t is o n l y ,

n at u r al t h at I c o u l d n o t g i v e m an y p r ac t i c al i l l u st r at i o n s O f th e ap p l i c at i o n
Of mo der n p rin ci p les B u t j u s t b e c au s e th e e x am p l e s q u o t e d fr o m o l d m as t e r s
.

d o n o t g e n e r al l y c o n fo r m w i t h t h e m ax i m s O f d e v e l o p m e n t an d th e p re c au
t i o n s O f m o d e r n p l ay w h i c h are l ai d d o w n i n t h i s t r e at i se t h e y aff o r d e ar l i e r ,

an d m o r e b r i l l i an t o p p o r t u n i t i e s fo r th e d i s p l ay O f i n g e n ui t y i n t h e d i r e c t

K i n g s s i d e att ac k an d as th e a m e n d m e n t s o n th e b as i s o f m o r e m o d e r n i d e as
’
,

are p o i n t e d o u t i n th e n o t e s as m u c h as p o ss i b l e w i t h i n th e s c o p e o f t h i s

v o l u m e I fe e l s at i s fi ed t h at th e st u d y O f th e g am e d e p ar t m e n t w i l l at l e as t
,

aff o r d as m u c h i n s t r u c t i o n t o th e l ar g e m aj o r i t y O f r e ad e r s as th e p e r u s al of

th e a n a l y s i s A s f ar as p r ac t i c ab l e I h av e e n d e av o r e d t o s u p p l e m e n t i n t h e
. ,

e x am p l e s f r o m ac t u al p l ay an y i m p o r t an t v ar i at i o n s t h at h ad b e e n o m i tt e d in
th e m ai n an al y s i s .

A S r e g ar d s t h e arr an g e m e n t o f t h e m att e r p r e s e n t e d i n t h i s v o l u m e I
h av e i n t r o d u c e d s e v e r al n e w i m p r o v e m e nt s w i t h th e v i e w o f g i v i n g g r e at e r
fac i l i t i e s f o r fo l l o w i n g th e an al y s i s an d s t u d y i n g th e i l l u s t r at i v e g am e s T h e .

m o s t n o t ab l e n o v e l t i e s i n t h at r e s p e c t are th e r e p e t i t i o n O f t h e n u m b e r s o f
m o v e s i n e ac h c o l u m n an d th e add i t i o n O f d i ag r am s i n t h e an al y t i c al p ag e s
w h i c h I t r u s t w i l l h av e th e d e s i r e d e ff e c t .

T h e v ar i o u s au t h o r i t i e s q u o t e d i n t h i s t r e at i s e h ave b e e n O f g r e at ass i s t
an c e t o m e i n fo r m i n g th e o u t l i n e s O f t h i s t r e at i s e an d I am al s o m u c h
,

i n d e b t e d t o t h e m fo r s o m e p ar t s O f m y an al y s i s an d ann o t at i o n s as W e l l as ,

f o r th e g r e at e r p o r t i o n O f th e s e l e c t e d g am e s B u t as I d id n o t w i s h t o i n t r o
.

d u c e an y k i n d O f Co n t r o v e r sy I h av e d e e m e d i t ad v i s ab l e t o q u o t e t h e m
o n l y w h e n I q ui t e ag r e e d w i t h t h e i r d e m o n s t r at i o n s an d i n v e r y r ar e c as e s
,

w h e n I ac c e p t e d th e l att e r b u t d i ffe r e d fr o m t h e i r c o n c l u s i o n s w i t h o u t ad d i n g
any an al y t i c al p r o o f I t is h o w e v e r o n l y d u e i n t h i s p r e fac e t o ac k n o w l e d g e
.
, ,

m y g e n e r al O b l i g at i o n s t o t h o s e au t h o r i t i e s an d t o b r i n g t h e m fu l l y t o th e
n o t i c e O f am at e u r s w h o w i s h to f o r m C h e ss l i b r ar i e s T h e y are p r i n c i p al l y
.

B z lg uer s H an d buc /z d e s S c /z ac /z sp ze l s e d i t e d b y B ar o n v o n H e y d e b ran d u n d

’
’ '

d e r L as a (L e i p z i g V e i t CO ) T e am} : 6 P rac tz a z b y S i g n o r S al v io l i
'

, .
,

e r r ar i ) ; O s c ar C o r d e l
’
( V O F F zzl z re r d uf f /z a z e
'

enice b y
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.
,
 P R E FA C E . ix

( B e rlin J uliu ,
s S pr i n ge r ) Le /z r bno/t ae s
’
S c /t ac nsp ie/s b y J D u fr e s n e (L e i p z i g
,
.
,

Ph . R e c l am T /ze C /t es s P l ay e r s
'
M an ual b y G H D Goss i p A m e r ic an
, . . .

E d itio n , by S . L ip s c h iitz (L o n d o n an d N ew Y o r k, R o u t l e d ge
S taun ton
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s ff ana boo k,
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( R o h n s L i b r ar
y , Londo n ); C o o /
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s
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Sy no W p s is , . .

M o r g an L o n d o n ); ,
T /ze A m eric an E d itio n f
o s anze , b y J W Mi l le r ( R obe rt
. .

C l ar k e CO .
, C i n c i n n at i ); T /ze L o n d o n I n te rn atio n al T o ur n am e n t f
o 1 8 83 ,
by
J . I . M i n c h i n (L o n d o n , J as . Wad e ); T/t e L o n d o n C /t e s s Co ng res s f
o 1 8 62 ,
by J . L o w e n t h al (L o n d o n ,
H e n ry G . B o h n ); T /z e C /zes s O p i
e n ng s , b y H o w ar d
S t au n t o n an d R . B W o r m al d (L o n d o n V i r t u e
.
,M rp /ty s Gam e s o
’

by J . L o w e n t h al ( L o n d o n H e n ry G ,B o h n ) a n d v ar i.o u s o t h r w o r k
,
s on e

th e g am e .

My t h an k s are al s o d ue t o m y fr i e n d P r o fe s s o r W al l e r H o l l ad ay
s p e c i al
fo r h is k i n d ass i st an c e i n t h e r e v i s i o n O f t h e M S an d t h e c o rr e c t i o n O f p r o o f s .
,

O f t h i s v o l u m e w h i c h I n o w b e g t o s u b m i t t o al l C h e s s s t u d e n t s
, i n th e h o p e
t h at i n th e m ai n i t w i l l g i v e g e n e r al s at i s fac t i o n .

N E W YOR K ,
M ay ,
1 8 89 .
 C H A PT E R I .

R
D SC R P
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O EN . M V O E M E NT S
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C A UR PT E .

g am f C h s i a m en t al on t t b t w n tw p l ay r w h o nd avo r t o im
T he e O es s c es e ee o e s e e .

pr ison an d att ack th h o st il e K in g i n a p o it ion fr o m w h i h h e c anno t b e r l a d T h i

e s c e e se . s
“
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bo ar d O f six ty fou r sq u ar -
w h i h are ol o r d al t e rn at e ly w h it an d bl a k
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,
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bl ac k m en .

D ia gram No . I

E ac h p l ay r e
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s m en c on sist s Of e i ght P C E S an d ight P A WN S th u
I E e ,
s n am e d an d fig u r e d
WH T I E . B LA C K . W H I TE . B LA CK .

T wo R oo k s o r C ast l e s

T wo B ish o p s

T wo Kn ight s

Ei ght P aw n s

T he follow in g D i agr am r e pr ese n t s th e m en a rran g e d in pr o p r o r d r

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M DE O F C APT U R E .

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e, e s e SO ce e e s e

s q u ar at h i r ight h and o r n r f th bo ar d
e s c e O e .

T h p l ay r d r aw by l o t fo r mov an d h o i
e e s f colo r I n al l in t rn at ion al an d e c ce O . e

p ubl ic C h m at c h an d t ou r n am n t h o w v r it i th r ul fo r th fir t p l ay r t o h av e
e ss es e s, e e ,
s e e e s e

th w h it m n
e e e .

T h Wh it Q u e n m u t al w ay o u p y a wh ite q ua
e e e an d th Bl a k Q u e n a
s s cc s re , e c e

bl a k n on com m n in g a g am
c o e S r v at R g in a l r me B u t th Wh it K in g
c e . e e co o e . e e

m u t alw ay oc u p y a bl a k q uar an d th Bl a k K in g a w h it
s s c n th
c K in g and
s e e c e o e, e s

Qu n a h fa in g n ano th r T he B i h o p s on a h S id o u p y th q u ar n ar t
ee s e c c o e e . s e c e cc e s es e es

t o th K in g an d Q u n s ; th n om th Kn ights an d th R oo k a p o t d i n th
e s ee e c e e ,
e s re s e e

co r n r q uar
e s es .

T HE K I NG .

K in g the mo st i m p o rt an t O f th e p ie c e s m o v es O nly o ne sq u ar e at a t im e b ac k
T he , ,
-

w ar d s fo r w ar d s d iag on ally an d l at e r ally o r h e m ay c apt u r e a h o st il e m an in th e sam e

, , ,

w ay ; w h ic h m e an s th at h e m ay t ak e O ff any h o st il e p ie c e o r P awn th at st an d s on any -

sq u ar e i mm e d iat e ly adj o in in g h is own an d th e n o c c u py th e v ac at e d sq u ar e O nce i n ,

.

th e g am e h e h as th e priv il e g e O f m ov in g t wo sq u ar es i e w h e n he p e r fo r m s th e O p e r a ,
. .
,
”
t ion O f C ast l in g w h ic h is e x p l ain e d und e r T e c h n ic al T e r m s H e c anno t h ow e v er
,
“
.
, ,

mov e on t o a sq u ar e n e x t th e o n e o c c u p ie d by th e h o st il e K in g as th e O pp osin g m on ,

ar c h s m u st alw ay s b e se p ar at e d fr om e ac h o th e r by a s q u ar e N o r c an the K in g b e .

mov e d in t o c h e c k i e on t o any sq u ar e comm and e d by a h o st il e m an

, . .
,
H e c an h ow .
,

e v e r c apt u r e an y un uar d e d p ie c e o r p awn O f th e e n e my on an y s q u ar e n e x t h is o w n i n

g
any d ir e c t ion Wh en the K in g is S O sit u at e d th at he c anno t av o id c apt u r e h e is c h ec k
.

”
m at e d an d th e g am e is l o st
, .

T he follow in g D iagr am ill ustr at es th e mov e O f th e Kin g

D ia gram N O. 3 .

T HE QU N EE

I by f art h e mo st p ow e r ful of th e p iec e s mo v in g o r c apt u r in g in any di r ec t ion oh

‘

s ,

an unob st ruc te d man ge— b ackw ar d s fo r w ar d s l at e r ally o r di ag on ally an d c ap t u r in g in

, , ,
 O
M V E ME N T S OF PI E C E S AN D MOD E OF C APT U RE . xi i i

the sa m e way W h e n she occu p i es any o n e O f the fou r c e n tre sq u ares

.
,
she comm and s no
l ess th an t w en ty sev e n ou t O f the six ty fou r sq u are s of the bo ar d
- -
.

D i agram ill u strat in g m o v e o f the Q ueen :

D ia gr am No .
4 .

W
e e e e
e ee s e
e e e
e e e e
e e e
,
e
e e e
W7
/
e
ye/
/
e e

T HE R OC K

Isn ex t i n i m p o rt anc e t o th e Q u ee n H e m o v es o r c apt u r e s i n strai ght l in es al on g

.

the r an k s an d fi l es t o th e e x t e n t O f th e b o ar d on an un o b struc te d r an g e—b ackw ar d s fo r

'

w ar d s an d l at er ally b u t no t d iag on al ly H e h as al so the pri v i l eg e i n conj unc t ion wi t h

,
.
,

the K in g o f C ast lin g onc e d u r i n g th e g am e

,
.

D i agram i llu strat in g the m o v e O f the R oo k

D ia gr am N O
5 .

e
% //e 7
7
7

e
4
7
// e e
e
,

fo r eg oin g di agr am th e Bl ack R ook on Q u een s fi fth sq u are (se e C h apt e r

I n the ’
I L,
on Notat ion ) comm and s fou rtee n di ff eren t sq u ar es on a cl ear r an g e .
xi v MOVE ME N T S OF P I E C E S A ND MODE OF C A P T U R E .

T HE BI S HOP
O nly m ov es an d c apt u r es d iag on ally on sq uar es O f h is own c ol o r ; i e th e Bl ack . .
,

Kin g s B ish o p c an n ev e r mov e on t o a w h it e sq u are no r th e Wh it e K in g s B ish o p on t o

’
,
’

a bl ack o n e . O n a c l e ar d iag on al th e B ish o p c an b e m ov e d fr om o n e c o r n e r sq u ar e t o

th e o pp o sit e co r n e r D iagram ill ustratin g the mo v e O f th e B ish o p
.

D ia gr am No . 6 .

I bo v e d iagr am th e Bl ac k B ish op stand in g on h is Q u ee n s fi fth sq u ar e com

n th e a , ,
’

m and s 1 3 sq u ar es on unob str uc t e d d iag on al s viz on h is Q ue e n s B ish o p s six th

,
’ ’
,

Q u ee n s Kn ight s se v en th Quee n s R ook s e ighth K in g s fo u rth K in g s B ish o p s th ir d

’ ’
,
’ ’
,
’

,
’ ’
,

K in g s Kni ght s se cond K in g s R oo k s sq u ar e Q u ee n s B ish o p s fo urth Q u een s

’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’
, , ,

Kn ight s th ir d Q u ee n s R oo k s se cond K in g s six th K in g s B ish o p s se v e n th an d

’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’
, , , ,

Kin g s Kn ight s eighth sq u ar e s

’ ’
.

T HE K N I GH T .

T he Kn ight s mov e is a p ec ul iar o n e as h e alon e O f th e p ie c es has the priv il eg e of

’
,

l eap in g ov e r o th e r p iec e s an d p awn s w h e th e r O f h is own o r h o st il e fo r c es H e mo v es

, .

o r c apt u r es fr om the sq u ar e w h e r e h e st and s t o any th ir d sq u ar e O f an o pp o sit e c olo r t o the

o n e fr om w h ic h h e st art e d by S k ipp in g o n e d iag on al sq u ar e an d th e n l and in g on th e
,

n ext sq u ar e O f th e sam e l in e o r r ow o r v ic e v e rsa T h e subj o in e d D iagr am ill u str at es :

,
.

D ia gr am N o. 7 .
 xvii
T HE NOT AT I ON .

H er e
Bl ac k Kn ight occu py in g h is K in g s fi fth sq u are (K5) comm and s no l e ss ’

,
th e , ,

th an eight squares viz : K in g s B ish o p s th i r d K in g s K ni ght s fo u rth K in g s K ni ght s

,
.
’ ’

,
’ ’

,
’ ’

six th Kin g s B ish o p s se v e n th Q u ee n s se v e n th Q u e e n s Bi sh o p s S ix th Q u ee n s B ish o p s

’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’
, , , ,

fou rth an d Q u e e n s th i r d I f any h o st il e p i e c e o r P awn w e r e p o ste d on an y O f th ese

,
’
.

sq uar e s h e c o ul d c apt u r e i t an d h im se l f o cc u p y th e v ac at e d sq u ar e an d h e c oul d l e ap ,

o v er p ie c e s o r P awn s O f e i th e r c olo r st and in g b e t w e e n i n o r d e r t o do t h is .

T HE PAWN
only mov e fo r w ar d o ne sq u are at a t im e e xc e pt at h is first m ov e w h e n h e h as
,
C an , ,

the c h o ic e O f adv anc in g o n e o r two sq u ar es b u t in th e l att e r c ase h e is som e t im es l iabl e ,

t o b e c apt u re d e n p as s an t o r i n p assin g (see T ec h n ic al T e r m s) H e c an n e v e r

“ ” '

,
.

comm and m o r e th an tw o sq u ar e s an d c apt u re s d iag on ally l ik e a B ish o p b u t only on , ,

the t wo sq u ar e s n e x t h is own H e h ow e v e r alon e O f al l the c h essm e n h as the pr iv i .

, ,

l eg e O f pr omo t ion i e on r eac h in g an e i ghth sq u ar e he m ay b e e x c h an g e d e ith e r fo r

, . .
,

a Q u e e n o r an y o th e r p ie c e his p l ay e r m ay se l e c t T h e l aw s O f th e B r i t ish C h e ss Asso c i .

at ion w h i c h w e ado pt pr ov id e th at h is p l ay e r m ay r e fuse h is pr omo t ion i n w h ic h c ase

, , ,

he r e m ain s a P awn as b e fo r e b u t u nmov abl e an d h e is t e r m e d a d ummy P awn We

“ ”
.
, ,

mu st h o w e v e r st at e th at su c h a c ase c an only v e r y r ar e ly o c c u r i n ac t u al p l ay an d
, , ,

th at th is l aw th ou gh in o ur o p in ion th eo r e t ic ally soun d h as l itt l e prac tic al v al ue fo r

’

, ,

p l ayin g th e g am e o v e r the b o ar d b u t m ay b e O f im p o rt an c e f o rthe con str uc t ion O f ,

probl em s .

C H A PT E R II .

T H E N OT AT I O N .

h sq u ar O f th C h s bo ar d ha a s p ar at an d d i t inc t iv d ig n at ion A o r d
E ac e e e s s e e s e es . cc

ing t o th E n g l i h F r n h I t al ian an d S p an i h y t m f no t at ion th d iff r n t q u ar

e s ,
e c ,
s s s e O ,
e e e s es

a e c all d aft r th p ie
r e s T h u th q u ar on w h i h th K in g t and at th om m n
e e ce . s, e s e c e s s e c e ce

m en t f a g am i tyl d th K in g q u ar
O th at o c up i d by th e Q u n th Q u n
e, s s e e
’
s s e c e ee ,
e ee
’
s

sq u ar — K in g B ish o p sq u ar K n g K n ight q u ar K in g R oo k s ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’
an d s e, u o o s s e, i s s s e, s

sq uar Q u e n B i h o p sq u ar Q u n Kn ight q u ar an d Qu n s R oo k q u ar ;
’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’
e e s s s e, ee s s s e, ee s s e

th p i c o n th K in g id b in g t r m d th K in g s p i an d th o on th Q u n s
’ ’ ’
e e es e s s e e e e e ec e s, se e ee

S id th Q u n
e T h P awn s a n am d aft r th p i
e ee
’
s. s t o w h i h t o w h i h th y b lon g
e re e e e ec e c c e e ,

th u : the P aw n i n fr on t f th K in g i all d th K in g Pawn ; th at i n fr on t f th

s O e s c e e
’
s O e

Qu n th Q u e n Pawn th at i n fr on t f th K in g Kn ight th K in g s K n ight s

ee ,
e e
’
s O e
’
s ,
e
’ ’

Pawn an d O on T h sq u ar i m m d iat ly i n fr on t f th K in g i all d th K in g s

, S . e e e e O e s c e e
’

q u are th n xt in fr on t f th at th K in g thi d q u ar th n x t t o th at th
’
’
s cond
e
‘
s e e O ,
e s r s e e e , e

Kin g fou rth q u ar an d th at on th am fi l w h av K in g s ond th i r d

’ ’
s on s e, so SO ,
e s e e, e e s ec , ,

fou rth fi fth S ix th , v n th and ighth q u ar

, S im il ar ly th
,
se q u ar i n fr on t o f th at
e ,
e s es .
,
e s e

on w h i h th Q u n t and s at th comm n m n t f th g am i t r m d th Q u n
c e ee s e e ce e O e e, s e e e ee
’
s

sec on d q u ar an d on t o th ighth o r l a t q u ar O f th fi l
s e, SOI n th sam w ay w e e s s e e e . e e .

,
e

h av K in g B i h o p
e ond th i r d fo u rt h fi fth six th
’
s s v n th an d ighth q uar
’
s se c an d , , , , ,
se e ,
e s e s,

S O on f al l th
, o th r p i
or e e ec es .

In o r d in g a g am th pi
rec an d P awn a d ig n at d in pr in t o r in w rit in g a
e, e ec e s s re es e , ,
s

follow K fo r K in g Q fo r Q u n K B fo r K in g B i h o p KKt fo r K in g Kn ight K R

s : , ee ,
’
s s ,
’
s ,

fo r K in g s R oo k Q B fo r Q u n s B ish o p Q Kt fo r Q u n s Kn ight QR fo r Q u n
’

, ee
’

,
ee
’

,
ee
’
s
 T HE NO T AT I ON .

R ook P fo r P awn K P fo r K in g s P aw n Q P fo r Q u ee n s P awn K BP f or K in g s B ish o p s

’ ’ ’ ’

, , , ,

P awn KK tP fo r K in g s Kn ight s P aw n K R P fo r K in g s R oo k s P awn Q E F fo r Q u e e n s

’ ’ ’ ’ ’

, , ,

B ish o p s P awn QKtP fo r Q u ee n s Kni ght s P awn Q R P fo r Q u e e n s R oo k s P awn

’ ’ ’ ’ ’

, , .

T he o th e r abb r e v iat ion s u se d i n no t at ion are : sq fo r sq uar e c h f or c h e c k X fo r .

, .
,

t ak e s (d is c h ) fo r d isc ov er e d c h ec k (d b l e c h ) fo r do ub l e c h e c k e p fo r e n p as s an t
,
. .
,
. .
, . .

o r in p assin g ,
fo r b e tt e r g am e at th e e n d fo r i nfe r io r g am e
, .

I t m u st b e r e m e mb e r e d th at i n th e E n gl ish F r e nc h I t ali an an d S p an ish no t at ion s

, , , ,

e ac h p l ay e r c oun t s o r r ec k on s th e sq u ar e s fro m nis ow n s id e of t/ze board ; e g . .

,

th e W h it e Q u ee n s s ec o n d sq u ar e is th e Bl ac k Q u ee n s s e v e n t /z sq u ar e ; th e Wh it e
’ ’

K in g s sq u ar e is Bl ac k K in g s e ighth sq u ar e ; Wh i t e K in g s B ish o p s sq u ar e is Bl ac k
’ ’ ’ ’

K in g s B ish o p s e ighth an d so on i e e ac h sq u ar eO f th e C h essbo ar d h as two d iff e r

’ ’
.
, .
,

e n t d e nom in at ion s as S h own by the subj o in e d D iagr am

,

D iagram N O. 8 .

T he G er m an al g b raic syst e m
e o t at ion h o w e v e r is q uit e d iff e re n t an d pr ese n t s
Of n , ,

m any adv an t age s O v e r th e o n e no t ic e d abov e T he e ight sq u ar es of eac h ro w c o m .

,

m e n c in g fr om th e l e ft h an d c o r n e r O f th e bo ar d are d esig n at e d by l e tt e r s fr om the

-
, ,

l e tt e r a u p t o th e l e tt e r h as ill ustr at e d by th e D iagr am on th e n ex t p ag e

”
,
.

Com m e nc in g fr om th e sam e c o rn e r the eight sq u ar e s O f e ac h fi l e are al so n um

’

b e r e d u pw ar d fr om I t o 8 an d by a c omb in at ion O f th e co rr esp o n d in g l e tt e r an d fig ur e

, ,

e ac h s q uar e is d iff e r e n t ly th o ugh q u it e d ist in c t ly m ark e d I n d esc r ib in g a mov e th e .

,

sq u ar e fr om wh ic h a p ie c e st art s as w e ll as th at on w h ic h h e l and s e ith e r in th e o r d i

, ,

n ary w ay o r by c ap t u r e is c l e ar ly ind ic at e d T h us V hite S Q u e e n R O O k S sq u ar e w o u l d

’

V ’ ’

, .
,

b e m ark e d by th e l e tt e r an d fig ur e a I VVh ite s Q u e e n R oo k s se c on d sq u ar e az ; Wh it e s

’ ’ ’

Quee n R oo k s se v e n th sq u are a7 ; VVhite S Q ue e n R oo k s e ighth sq uar e a8 ; VVh ite s

’

,
’ ’
,
’

K in g s fou rth sq uar e e 4 ; Bl ac k s K in g s fo u rth sq u ar e e g e tc T h e mov e of P awn t o

’ ’ ’

.
, , ,
xviii T HE N OT AT I ON .

a c om m a se p ar at in g Wh it e s an d Bl ac k s mo v es an d a se m i colon b e in g p l ac e d aft er
’ ’
-

e ac h mo v e O f Bl ac k I f su c h sub v ariat ion b eg in s w ith a mov e O f Bl ac k i t is i n tr o

.
-

d uc e d as abov e w ith a l e ad e r th u s T he l e tt e r B m ark s a d iagr amm e d p o sit on

, .

I n th e J an u ary an d F e b r u ary 1 889 numb e rs O f T ne I n ter nation al C /z es s , ,

lV f ag az z ne M r E d wyn A n th ony O f H e r e fo r d E n g l and d iscu sses th e subj e c t O f C h ess

,
.
, ,

N o tat ion in an in terest in g m ann e r H e com es t o the c on c l u sion T h at t wo system s

“ .
,

o n e ar b itr ar y an d th e o th e r sig n ifi c an t are alon e i n u se at th e pr ese n t t im e d esp it e , ,

n u m e r ou s att e m pt s t o ov e rthr o w th e m an d th at e ff o rt sh oul d b e d ire c t e d t o c on sid er in g

”
w h at i m pr o v e m e n t s c an b e gr aft e d on th e se pr e sen t st e m s .

I n p u rsuan c e O f th is p l an h e pr o p o se s t wo mod ifi c at ion s o n e ar b itr ar y an d o ne

, ,

sig n ifi c an t O f th e E n g l ish m e th od O f no t at ion

,
by w h ic h e v e ry m ov e wo u l d b e rep re ,

se n t e d by thr e e symbol s only H is p l an is i n g e niou s an d w e l l wo rth y O f con sid e r at ion ;

.

b u t th e d iffi c ul t ie s i n th e way O f th e i n tr od u c t ion O f a n e w no t at ion are se riou s T O .

O b t ain su ffi c ie n t fam il iar ity w ith it fo r r e ady u se a l itt l e t im e st udy an d pr ac t ise woul d , ,

b e r e q ui r e d on th e p art O f bo th w r it e rs an d p l ay e rs ; an d th e r e is a c e rt ain m e n t al i n e rt ia
t o b e o v e r c om e w h ic h we fear it w ill b e foun d d iffi cul t t o do B ut the conv en ienc e and
,
.

e conomy of suc h a no t at ion are fu lly d e mon st r abl e .

T HE F O R S YT H N OT AT I O N .

T h is no t at ion is th e in v en t ionO f M r
v id Fo r sy th a S co tt ish am at e u r I t is fully . D a , .

d esc r ib e d i n the C/ze s s P l ay e rs A n n ual by M r an d M rs T B R owl and e d it ion O f ’

,
. . . .
,

1 88
9 I
. t is undoub t e dly th e b e st m e th od O f r e co r d in g a p o si t ion e xc e pt th e d iagr a m , .

T h e b o ar d is su pp o se d t o b e p l ac e d b e fo r e the p l ay e r as is u su al i n d iagr am s w ith ,

th e sid e O f th e w h i t e p ie c e s n ex t t o h im I t is th e n r e ad as o n e woul d r e ad th e l in e s on
.

a p ag e th e r ow s O f sq u ar e s b e in g r eg ar d e d as th e l in e s b eg inn in g w ith Bl ac k s Q u e e n s
’ ’
, ,

R oo k s S q uar e
’
.

T h u s th e p o si t ion in G am e N O 3 O f th e R uy L o p e z o p e n in g a d iagr a .
,
m O f w h ic h ,

is g eiv n on p 50 wo u l
. d b e r ec o r
,
d e d as follow s — B e g inn in g w ith th e t o p ro w an d

c oun t in g fr om l e ft t o r ight th e fir st fi ve sq u ar e s n am e ly Bl ac k s QR Q K t Q B Q an d
’

, , , , , ,

K s sq u ar es are v ac an t T h is fac t wo u l d b e r e co r d e d sim p ly by w r it in g the numb e r 5

’
. .

T h e n e x t sq uar e is occu p ie d by th e Bl ac k K in g an d th is woul d b e r ec o r d e d by a sm all ,

16 sm al l i t al ic s b e in g u se d fo r th e Bl ac k p iec es an d p awn s w h il e R om an c ap it al s are

, ,

u se d fo r th o se O f Wh it e T h e r e m ain in g t wo s q uar e s O f th is r ow are v ac an t w h ic h wo u l d

.
,

b e r e co r d e d by w r it in g th e fig u r e 2 T h e e n t ir e u pp e r o w wo u l d th e r e fo r e b e r e co r d e d
.
r

by thr ee symbol s th u s —5 k 2 I n l ik e m ann e r th e n e x t ro w wo u l d b e r e co r d e d th us

, .

2 p 2 r p p t e r e c o r d s O f th e o th e r r ow s woul d
h b e as follow s — T h ir d 2 p 5 Fou rth , ,

p S r P ; F ifth 4 p p 2 ; S ,
ix th I P B o g R ; S e v e n th P 2 P ,
I P P I ; E ighth R 3 K , ,

3 .I f th e se b e wr itt e n t o g e th e r th e r ec o r d s ,
m ark e d O ff b y se m i c olon s w e -
,

h av e the follo w n g c om p l et r o r d
i e ec O f th e p o t on M ov e 2 6
s i i — R — KKt4 S t e in it z . .

2
p 2 r
p p ; 2
p 5; p 5 r P; 4 p p 2 ; I P B o3 R ; P 2 P I P P I ; R 3 K

3 M ax J
u dd .

T h i m ay b abb r v iat d by add in g t o g th r th numb r at th n d f a h r ow an d

s e e e e e e e s e e O e c

th e be ginn in g f th n x t an d ig no rin g al t og th r th d iv i ion in t o r ow th u —M ove

O e e ,
e e e s s s, s

— KKt4 ; S t in it ; 5 k 4 p z r P p p P B o R P 2 P r
p p p pz 5 es r 4 z 3 3
P P I R 3 K 3 ; M ax J u d d .

k
I n l i e m ann e th e followin
u se d fo r K n ight
r g pr obl em woul d b r eco r d e d th u s (the e l e tt e r S b e in g
,
to a vo id th e confu ion wh i h i l iabl t o ar i s b et w n
s c s e e ee K an d K t )
 TIIE -

NOT A T I O N . x ix

N ot abbrez/ iated ; 8 ; sf ; z P 7; K S I s z ; 8 ; 68 1 ; 8 ; 8; m at e in two .

A bbrev iated P K S if 6 S — 2 m o v es
Q
; 1 3 p 2 7 I : s I I 7 . .

A t est by w h i h e rr o r t c s woul d O f e n b e d e e c e d is a i f eac t t th t h l tt r r e prese n tin g a e e

p ie c e o r p awn b coun t d a one the e e s ,

su m t o t al O f ev ery r co r d e d p o si t ion m u st b e 64
e ,

the n umb r f sq u ar es on th e bo ar d
e O .

GR I N GM U T H S T E L E GRA
’
PH I C COD E .

T hi s i n v e n t ion O f M r D Gringm uth a l eadin g R u ssian pr obl e m com

cod e is th e . .
,

p oser an d has b ee n ado pte d i n sev er al m at c h es An ac coun t O f i t m ay b e foun d i n

,
.

L a S trateg ie th e T im es D em oc rat O f N e w O r l ean s T /ze I n ter n ation al Ch es s

,
-
,

By m ean s O f i t t wo d iff e r e n t m ov es
’

’
M ag ae ine an d the Ch ess P l ay ers A nn ual
,
.

c an b e comb in e d i n t o o n e wo r d fo r tr an smi ssion I f t e l e gr aph in g only o n e g am e the .

first two syll ab l es woul d r e pr esen t W h i t e s m o v e an d the l ast t wo syll abl es Bl ack s ’
,
’

an sw e r . I n th e m at c h b e t wee n L ondon an d S t P e t e r sb u rg in w h ic h t wo g am es w e r e .
,

simul t an e ou sly con t est e d th e t wo first syll abl es r e pr ese n t e d th e m o v e in th e g am e

,

in w h ic h th e p art y se ndin g th e d isp at c h h ad th e first mov e an d th e t wo l ast ,

syll abl es th e m o v e O f th e sam e p art y i n th e g am e in w h ic h th e ir adv e r sar i e s h ad the

first m o v e T he sq u ar es are d esi g n at e d as i n the followi n g d iagram an d e ac h m o v e

.
,

is d esi g n at e d by g ivin g th e sq u ar e from w h ic h the p i e c e o r p awn is m o v e d foll ow e d by ,

the sq u ar e to w h ic h i t is m o v e d By an e x t e n sion of the cod e su gg est e d by E D N o r e s

. . .

i n t e T im es D em oc rat th e l e tt e r c add e d t o t e l ast syll abl e d esig n at es c h ec k

h - h , ,
” , ,

the l e tt e r t add e d t o th e l ast syll abl e m e an s

“
S im il ar ly p m ean s t ak es p awn
takes
e n p assan t 1 add e d t o th e symbol s fo r the K in g s an d R ook s sq u ar es m e an s C ast l es ;
’ ’
,

q r b k add e d t o the l ast syll abl e i n d ic at e th at a p awn reac h in g the l ast r ow b ecom es
, , , ,

r esp e c t i v e ly a q u ee n r ook b i sh o p o r kni ght ; an d fi n ally m m ean s m at e an d s st al e

, , , , ,

m ate .

B LA CK .

n p r

W HI T E .

T h u s G am e N O . 2, in Ph il id o r s
’
D e e f nc e , p . 1 54, woul d be r ec o rd ed as follow s fo r
tel egrap hin g z— Gego seso K ahire ri F e f o te tO F o so ttogo H iwo riro S o siwaz i C ad ip e p i
Wo go rogo F az o we wi Z o so z aw a D awo rari B af arisi H ad o n are Do i s .
xx TIIE LAWS OF T HE G AME .

C H A PT E R III .

T HE L A WS OF T HE GAM E .

We a i n the m ain O f the Cod e O f L aw s

ppr ov e Of th e B rit ish C h ess Assoc iatio n,
w h ic h h as b ee n ado p t e d in m any C h ess Con gr esses .

T HE C H E SS B O ARD .

—T h e bo ar d m ust b e S O p l ac e d du r in g p l ay th at eac h comb atan t h as a w h i t e

I .
'

sq u ar e on h is r ight h and co r n e r I f du r in g th e pr o gress O f a g am e e ith e r p l ayer d is

-
.
, ,

cov e r s th at th e b o ar d h as b ee n im pr o p er ly p l ac e d h e m ay in si st on its b ein g adj u te d

s
, .

T HE C H E SS M E N .

I I — I f,
. at an y t im
o u rse O f a g am e it is foun d th at the m en w e re no t
e in th e c ,

pro p er ly p l ac e d o r th at
o n e o r mo r e O f th e m w e r e om itt e d at th e b eg inn in g th e g am e
, ,

in q u est ion m ust b e annull e d I f at any t im e i t is d isc o v e r e d th at a m an h as b e e n

.
, ,

d r o pp e d O ff th e bo ar d an d mov es h av e b e e n m ad e du rin g its ab se n c e su c h mov es sh all

, ,

b e r e tr ac t e d an d th e m an r est o r e d I f th e p l ay e rs c anno t agr ee as t o the sq u ar e on .

w h ic h i t sh oul d b e r e p l ac e d the g am e m ust b e annull e d , .

THE R I GH T OF MO EV A N D C HOI CE OF C O LO R .

I I I — T he i
r ght f m ak in g th fir t mov an d (if ith e r p l ay r r q u ir it) f c h oo sin g
. O e s e e e e es O

the colo r w h i h h al l b r t ain d thr ou gh ou t th S itt in g m u t b d id d by l o t I n

,
c s e e e e ,
s e ec e .

any s r i s f g am
e b t w n th am p l ay rs at n e S itt in g a h h al l h a th first
e O es e ee e s e e o ,
e c s ve '
e

m o v al t r n at ly in al l g am
e e w h th r won o r d r awn I n an annull d g am e th p l ay e r
e e s, e e . e ,
e

w h o had th fir t mov in th at g am sh al l mov fir t in th e n x t

e s e e, e s e .

C OM M E N C I N G OU T OF T U RN .

— I f a p l ay er m ak es th e first mov e in a g am e w h e n it is no t h is t u r n t o do so
IV .
,

th e gam e mu st b e an n ull e d if the err o r h as b ee n no t ic e d b e fo r e bo th p l ay e rs h av e com

,

p l e te d th e fo u rth m ov e A ft e r fou r mov e s on e ac h sid e h av e b e e n m ad e th e g am e m u st

.
,

b e p l ay e d ou t as it st an d s .

P LAY N G I T WO V S
MO E IN S U CC E SS I O N .

V — I f , in th e
. co u rse O f a g am
p l ay r mov e, a e es a w h e n it is no t h is t u r n t o
m an
p l ay ,
he m u st r e tr ac t th e s aid mov an d aft r h i e e s adv e r sary h as mov e d m u st p l ay th e ,

m an w r on g ly mov e d ,
if it an b e p l ay d l g ally
c e e .

TO U C H A ND M OV E .

VI — A . p l ay r
mu st n e v e r t ou c h any O f the m e n exc e p t w h e n it is h is t u r n t o p l ay
e ,

o r e x c e pt w h e n h e t ouc h es a m an fo r th e p u rp o se O f adj u st in g it in w h ic h l att e r c ase ,

”
h e m u st b e fo r e t ou c h in g it say
, I adj u st o r wo r d s t o th at e ff e c t A p l ay e r w h o
, , ,
.

t ouc h es w ith his h and (e x c ept acc id e n t al ly ) o ne O f h is own m en w h e n it is h is t u r n t o

p l ay m u st mov e it if it c an b e l egally m ov e d u nl ess b e fo re t o uc h in g it h e says I “
, , , , , ,

”
adj u st as abov e ; an d a p l ay e r w h o t o u c h e s o n e O f h is ad v e r sar y s m en und e r the sam e
’

, ,

cond it ion s m ust t ak e i t if h e c an l eg ally do S O I f in e ith e r c ase the mov e c anno t

, ,
.
, ,

b e l eg ally m ad e th e O ff e nd e r mu st mov e his K in g ; bu t in th e e v e n t O f the Kin g h av in g

, ,

no l egal m ov e th e r e S h all b e no p e n al ty I f a p l ay e r h ol d a m an in h is h and und e cid e d

, .
,

u p on w h ic h sq u ar e t o p l ay it h is adv e rsary m ay r e q u ire h im t o r e p l ac e it un t il h e h as

, ,
 T HE LAWS O F T HE G A ME . x xi

d e ci d e d on its d est in at ion ; th at m an h ow e v e r m u st b e m o v e d I f a p l ay e r w h en it , , .

,

is h is t u r n t o p l ay t ouc h w i th h is h an d (e xc e pt acc id e n t ally o r i n C ast l in g )mo r e th an o ne

,

O f h is own m e n h e m u st p l ay an y o n e O f th e m l e g ally m o v abl e th at h is o pp on e n t se

,

l ec t s I f un d er the sam e ci r c u m st an c es h e t ouc h es t wo o r m o re O f the adv e rsary s

.
, ,
’

m en h e m u st c apt u r e w h ic h e v e r o f th e m h is an tag oni st c h oo se s pr o v i d e d i t c an b e

, ,

l eg ally t ak e n I f i t h app e n th at non e O f th e m e n S O touc h e d c an b e m ov e d o r c ap

.

ture d th e O ff e nd e r m ust m o v e h is Kin g ; b u t i f th e Kin g c anno t b e l eg al ly m o v e d

, , ,

th ere sh al l b e n o p e n al ty .

F AL S E MO E V S A N D I LL E GAL M OV E S .

VI I —
I f a p l ay e r m ak es a f l e m ov
. a s e — th at is e i th e r by p l ay in g a m an o f h is own ,

to a sq u ar e t o w h ic h i t c anno t b e l egally m ov e d O r by c apt u rin g an ad verse m an by a , ,

mo v e w h ic h c anno t b e l eg ally m ad e— h e m u st at the c h oic e O f h is o pp on e n t an d ac , ,

co r d in g t o th e c ase e i th e r m ov e h is own m an l eg ally c apt u r e the m an l eg al ly o r mov e

, , ,

any o th e r m an l eg al ly m o v abl e I f i n th e cou rse O f a g am e an i ll eg ali t y b e d iscov e r e d

.
, ,

( no t i nvolv in g a Kin g b e in g i n c h e ck ) an d th e m o v e on w h ic h i t was com m itt e d h as ,

b ee n r ep l ie d t o an d no t m o r e th an fou r m o v es on e ac h sid e h as b ee n m ad e sub se q u e n t

,

l y al l th ese l att e r m o v e s in c l u din g th at on w h i c h the ill eg al it y was comm it te d m u st b e

, , ,

r e tr a c t e d I f mo r e.th an fou r mo v e s on e ac h si d e h av e b e e n m ad e the g am e m u st b e ,

p l ay e d ou t as i t st an d s .

C HE CK .

— A p l ay e r m u st au dibly say “
VI I I . C h e c k w h e n he m ak es a mo v e w h ic h p u t s the
h o st il e Kin g i n c h ec k T he m ere announc e m e n t O f c h eck sh al l h av e n o si g ni fi c at ion if
.

c h eck b e no t ac t u ally g i v e n I f c h e ck b e g iv e n b u t no t announc e d an d the ad v e r sar y

, ,

m ak es a mo v e w h ic h ob v i at e s the c h ec k the m o v e m u st st and : I f c h ec k b e g i v e n an d ,

announc e d an d th e ad v e r sar y n eg l e c t s t o ob v i at e i t h e sh all no t h av e th e o pt ion O f c ap

, ,

“
t urin g the c h ec k in g p ie c e o r O f co v e rin g b u t m u st m o v e h is Kin g ou t 0 f c h ec k ; ,

bu t i f the K in g h as no l eg al m ov e th e r e sh al l b e n o p en al t y I f i n the cou rse O f a g am e

,
.

i t b e d isc ov e r e d th at a K in g h as b ee n l e f “ i n c h ec k fo r o n e o r m o r e m ov es on ei th e r
sid e all th e m o v es sub se q u e n t t o th at on w h ic h th e c h ec k was g iv e n
,
m u st b e r etrac t e d , .

S h oul d th ese no t b e r e m e mb e r e d the g am e m u st b e annull e d ,

.

E N FO R C I N G P E NALT I E S .

IX .
—A p l ay er
no t b oun d t o e nfo r c e a p en al ty T h is m ean s th at he do es n ot
is .

subj e c t h im se l f i n t u r n t o a p e n al t y by no t cl aim in g o n e d ue t o h im T h is h ow ev e r .
, ,

only app l ie s t o con t est s b e t w ee n t wo p l ay e rs b u t i n to u r n am e n t s an d t eam m at c h es i t is ,

O ft e n sp e c ially pr ovi d e d t h at i n th e in t e r e st O f o th e r com p e t i t o r s n o p l ay e r h as a ri ght

knowin g ly t o w aiv e a p e n al ty t o w h ic h h is o pp on e n t woul d b e l eg i t im at ely subj ec t e d A .

p e n al ty c an only b e e nfo r c e d by a p l aye r b e fo r e h e has t ouc h e d a m an in r e p ly S h oul d

‘

he t ou c h a m an in r e p ly in c on se q u e n c e O f a fal se o r ill eg al m o v e O f h is o pp on en t o r a ,

fal se c ry O f c h ec k h e S h al l no t b e com p e ll e d t o m ov e th at m an an d his right t o en fo r c e

, ,

a p e n al t y sh al l r e m ain Wh e n the K in g is mov e d as a p en al ty i t c anno t C astl e on th at

.
,

mov e .

C A ST L I N G .

X .
—I n C ast l in g ,
th e p l ay r h al l m ov K in g an d R ook S imul t an ou sly o r S h al l
e s e e ,

( t ou h
c K in g fir
th e st . If h t ouc h th R oo k fir t h m u t no t q u it i t b fo r e h avin g
e e s ,
e s e

t ou c h e d th e K in g o r ,
h is o pp on n t m ay cl aim th mov O f th R ook as a com p l t e
e e e e e
x xi i T HE LAWS O F T HE G AME .

m ov e W h e n the O dd s O f e i th e r R ook o r bo th R oo k s are g iv en th e p l ay e r g ivin g the

. ,

O dd s sh all b e al lo w e d t o mo v e h is K in g as in C ast lin g an d as th ou gh th e R ook s w e r e on ,

the bo ar d .

C O U NT I N G F I FT Y M OVE S .

X L— A p l ay er m ay c all u p on h is o pp on n t t o d raw th g am o r t o m at h im w ith i n e e e, e

fi fty mo v s on ea h sid w h n ev r h is O pp on en t p rsi ts i n r p at in g a p art i ul ar h e k

e c e, e e e s e e c c c ;

o r a se r i s f c h ck o r the sam e l in e f p l ay (in om e t ou r n am n t s th is r ul e has b n

e O e s, O s e ee

al t e r d t o th e e ff c t th at aft r six suc h r p t it ion s O f c h ck

e e e s ri s f mov o r th sam e e e e s, e e O e s, e

l in e f p l ay a d raw m ay b e c l aim e d on e i th e r sid e) o r w h e n ev e r he h a a Kin g alon e o n

o , ,
s

th e bo ar d o r ,

K in g an d Q u n ee

K in g an d R ook
ag ain t an q u al o r u p r io r fo r c e s e s e
K in g an d B ish o p
K in g an d Kn ight

K in g an d t wo B ish o p s
K in g an d t wo Kn ights g
a ai s n t K in g an d Qu ee n
K in g B ish o p an d Kni ght
,

an d in n lo g ou s c ases ; an d w h en e v e r o ne p l ay e r c on si d ers th at his o pp on e n t c an

al l a a

fo r c e the g am e o r th at n e i th e r sid e c an wi n i t he h as th e r ight O f submi tt in g the c ase t o

,
’

th e um p ir e o r by st an d e r s w h o sh al l d e c id e w h e th e r i t is o n e fo r th e fi f ty mov e coun t in g
,
-
.

S h o u l d h e no t b e m at e d w i th i n th e fi ft y m ov es h e m ay c l ai m th at th e g am e sh all ,

pr oc ee d .

P AW N T AK I N G INP A SS N I G .

XI I — S h oul d a p l ay r b e l ft
. e e wi th no o th e r mov th an t o t ak e e a P awn in p a sin gs ,

he S hal l b e boun d t o p l ay th at mov e .

PAW Q U EE NI NG A N .

XI I I —Wh en a P awn h as rea h d th ighth q u ar th p l ay r h as th o pt ion of

. c e e e s e, e e e

s l c t in g a p i
e e w h th r su h p i e c h as b e n pr v iou ly lo t o r no t w h o n am s an d
ec e , e e c e e e s s , se e

p ow e rs i t sh al l th en assu m o r of d ci din g th at i t S h al l r m ain a P awn

e, e e .

A B AN D O N I N G T HE G ME A .

XI V — I fp l ay er ab andon th g am d is on t in u hi mov v ol u n t arily r ig n

. a e e, c e s es, es ,

w ilfully u p t th bo ar d o r r fu t o ab id e by th
se e l aw o r t o ubm it t th d i ion f
,
e se ese s, s o e ec s O

th um p ir e h m u t b e con sid r d t o h av e l o st th e g am e
e ,
e s e e .

T HE U P M IRE OR B YS T A N D E R S .

XV u m p i r e sh al l h av e th e au th o rity to d e ci d e any q u estion w h atev e r th at

.
—T he
m ay ar ise I n th e cou rse O f a g am e bu t m u st n ev e r in t e r fe r e e xc e pt wh e n app eal e d t o
,
.

H e m u st alw ay s app ly the l aw s as h e r e in e x pr esse d an d n e ith e r assum e the p ow e r O f ,

mod ifyin g no r O f d ev i at in g fr om th e m i n p art ic ul ar c ases ac c o r d in g t o h is o wn j ud g

,

m e n t Wh e n a q u est ion is sub m itt e d t o th e u m p ir e o r byst and e rs by b o t h p l ay e rs th e ir

.
,

d e c ision sh all b e fi n al an d b ind in g u p on bo th p l ay ers T he t e r m byst and e r shall c om .

pri se any i m p art i al p l aye r O f emin enc e w h o c an b e app eal e d to ab sen t o r prese n t ,
.
 TE C HN I CAL T E RM S .
j x xi ii

C H A PT E R IV .

T E CHNI CAL T E RMS .

0 O

I . CA ST L I N G h p l ay e r has th pr iv il g onc e i n th g am e only subj t t o c er

.
-
E ac e e e e ,
ec

t ain r str ic t ion o f m o v in g his Kin g two S q u ar s i n conj unc t ion w i th p l acin g on th e
e s, e

S q u ar w h i h the Kin g ha p assed ne O f his R ook s T h i s o p rat ion —a com p oun d

e c s o . e

mo v —is al l e d C a t l in g
“ ”
e c s .

P o ition b fo r C a tl in g (Q u n Sid
s e e s ee
’
s e ) . P o ition aft r Ca tl in g (Q
s e s uee n ’
d
s si e .
)

P o ition b fo r Ca tl in g (Kin g
s e e s
’
s si e d ) . P o ition af t r C a tling (King
s e s
’
d
s si e ).

C ast lin g c an only be p r fo r m

d subj e c t t o the followin g restr ic t ion s
e e I T he Kin g .

n c h ec k 2 H e m u st no t p ass o v e r o r ali ght on a sq u ar e com m an d e d by

.

3 Ne i th e r Kin g no r R ook m ust h av e b ee n pr ev iou sly m o v e d ; 4 N O

. .

te rvene b e t w e e n the Kin g and R ook .

an d we b e li ev e is stil l p ract ic e d , ,

w ith in the l i mi ts O f and i ncl u d a

T h u s Cast l in g m ay b e eff e c t ed ,
xx i v TE C H N I C AL TER MS .

in x t ee n di ff er en t w ay s V iz
si in six w ay s on th e K in g s sid e an d i n te n w ay s on the
,
’
,

Q u ee n s sid e A c c o r d in g t o S t aun t on C ast l in g is only a m od e rn inno v at ion I n the

’
.
, ,

M i ddl e A ges the K in g h ad th e pr i vil eg e of b e in g p l ay e d on h is first m ov e und e r som e

,
.
,

w h at sim il ar r e str ic t ion s t wo sq uar es in any d ir e c t ion fr o m th e sq uar e on w h ic h he

, ,

o r i g in ally st ood w h e th e r the in t e r v e n in g sq u ar e was v ac an t o r o c cu p ie d

,
.

Q U N N A PAWN A Pawn i q u n d w h n it h a r a h d th l a t q uare

2. EE I G .
-
s ee e e s e c e e s s

o f a fi l on w h i h i t i adv an in g o r w h n i t apt ur a h o st il p i
e c s on th ighth r o w
c ,
e c es e ec e e e .

I t m ay th n b x h an g d fo r a Q u n o r R oo k o r a B i h o p o r Kn ight T h u a p l ay e r
e e e c e ee s . s

m ay h av e tw o r m o r e Q u e n s R ook s B i h o p o r Kn ight on th bo ar d at th sam e

o e , ,
s s s e e

t im o r h m ay r fuse promo t ion t o h is P awn T h Comm itt f th L ondon I n t r

e, e e . e ee O e e

n at ion al C h s Con gr ss f I S 6 d id d th at a p l ay r h oul d h av th o pt ion f r

e s e ,
O Z, ec e e s e e O e

f u al f pr omo t ion a p o si t ion s m ay o cu r in w h i h pr omo t ion wo u l d i nvolv the lo s

s O ,
s c c e s

O f th e g am ; w he r eas by r fu al
e f pr omo t ion a d raw o ul d b e b t ain d
,
T h fol low
e s O c O e . e

ing p o it ion ill u str at in g a c ase of th at k in d i q u o t e d fr om L w n th al

’
s B k of t/ze s o e s oo

L ond on Cnes s C ong res s , f

o 1 8 62
B LA C K .

WHI T E .

H er e, it
Wh i t e s m o v e an d i f h apt u re th R ook w ith th P awn an d l ai m a
’
is
‘

,
e c e e c

Q u e n o r any o th r p i c e Bl ack t ak s th B i h o p wi th th P awn an d C h km at him

e e e ,
e e s e ec es

n x t m ov
e Bu t i f h r efu s pr omo t ion th g am is d r awn ; in
e .
,
e if th n Bl ack e ,
e e s ce e

c apt u r e th B i h o p Wh i t e is st al m at d and i f h mo v ith e r P awn o r K in g Wh it

e s ,
e e ,
e e e , , e

t ak th K n ight P awn wi th th B i h o p an d d raw s e g : P X R (r m ainin g a Pawn )

es e
’
s e s , . . I e
,

I P— Q Kt4 ; 2 E X P (at Kt7 ), e tc .

We ppr
a Comm itt e e of th e L on don C h ess C
o v e O f th e d e c ision O f th e
1 8 62 ,
al th ou gh
th e dummy P aw n r ul e was d eno u nc e d by som e au th o ri t ie s I n .

th e P awn w as fo r m e r ly alw ay s r e t ain e d at th e e i ghth sq u ar e as a t e m p o r ar y

“ dum
P awn un t il a p i ec e was c apt u r e d fo r w h ic h i t coul d b e e x c h an g e d .

I t som e t im es h app en s th at a p l ay e r c an win a g am e by c l aimin g a m ino r p ie c e

R ook w h en he woul d lo se by cl aimin g a Q u e en .

3 .
— TCH E C K
h e K in g is i n c.h ec k w h e n h e is a tt ac k e d by a h o st il e p iec e 0

an d as h is c apt u r e is no t p e r m issibl e ac c o r d in g t o the l aw s O f C h ess w ar n ing ,

“ ”
g ive n by the o pp on en t c allin g C h eck O n e O f thr ee th in g s m u st th e n .

T he Kin g mu st m o v e ou t O f c h eck z T he h o stil e m an th at c h e ck s h i m I n .

xxvi TE CH N I C AL TER MS .

zo PA SS E D PAWN
. .
-
A P awn is c all e d “ pa sse d w h en th re
e is no h o t ils e P awn t o
pre v e n t its m ar c h t o the ei ghth sq u ar e .

P A SS AN T O R I N P A SS I N G — O u his first mo v e i n the g am e the

”
21 . T O T AK E “E N

P awn h as th e pr iv il eg e O f ad v anc in g t wo sq u ar es Bu t if in th u s adv ancin g he p asses .

, ,

a sq u ar e att ac k e d by a h o st il e P awn w h ic h is p o st e d at a fi f th sq u are coun t in g fr om th e

, ,

“ ”
O pp o sit e sid e h e is l iabl e t o b e c apt u r e d
,
in p assin g by the said Pawn w h ic h m ay in ,

te rc e p t h i m in h is p assag e as if he had only mo v e d O n e sq u ar e Fo r in st anc e aft e r the .

,

mo v es 1 P— K4 1 P— K4 ; 2 KKt— B3 2 Q Kt—B3 ; 3 P— Q4 3 P X P ; 4 B— B4 4
, , , ,

Kt — B3 ; 5 P— K s 5 P— Q4 ; Wh it e s Kin g s P awn m ay c ap tu r e th e P awn w h ic h has

’ ’ ‘

j u st ad v anc ed t wo sq u are s as i f i t had only m o v e d o n e sq u are w h i c h m ean s th at ,

Wh it e m ay t ak e O ff the Pawn at Bl ack s Q 4 an d p l ac e his own Kin g s Pawn at Bl ack s ’ ’ ’

Q3 . Com p ar e D iagr am .

P o ition aft r Wh it
s e e s
’
6th mov P xPe, en p assant o r in p a ssin g .

B LA C K .

\V H I T E .

B u t the c apt u r e n p a an t m u t b ff t d at on on the mo v e fo r the ad ve

e ss s e e ec e ce ,

Pawn c anno t b th us t ak n sub se q u n t ly O nly P wn no t p

e e a — i e e— an apt u r e o r
. s ec s c c
”
c apt u r d en p as an t
e s .

T he P awn was no t all ow d fo r m e r ly the pr i v il ge of t ak in g

“
e n p as an t th e e s ,
e

h av in g b e n fir t ado pt e d in S p ain i n th t i m e of R uy L o p an d aft rw ar d s l gal i

e s e ez , e e z

i n F r anc e E n g l and an d G er m any U n t il q u it e r e c en t ly it was no t allow d in I t aly

, .
e .

22 . D RA WN G A ME —Wh e n n e i th e r p l aye r c an c h e ckm at e h is ad v er sary the g am e

. ,

d rawn T he followin g are i n st an c es i n w h ic h th is o c c u rs — 1 By p e rp et u al c h eck ;

“

. .

Wh en b o th p l ay ers p ersi st i n r ep eat in g the sam e mo v es ; 3 By st al e m at e 4 Wh . .

th e str on g e r fo r c e c anno t g i v e c h e ckm at e wi th in th e numb e r O f I n

X I ; 5 Wh e n th e fo r c es on e i th e r sid e are e q u al o r n ear ly so as
.
, ,

R ook v e rsu s R ook o r Bi sh o p etc , .

 C HE SS AS A T RA I N I N G OF MI N D AN D H OW TO I M P R O VE . x xvu

C H APT E R V .

C H E SS AS A T RA I N I N G OF M I ND AND H ow To IM P R OVE .

pr ac t i f ou r nobl e p ast im e is in no way i nfl u nc e d by any el m en t O f

T he ce O e e

C h an x pt in g th at f t e m p o r ary in d ivi du al d i p o it ion w h i h aft r all fo r m s a m o st

c e, e ce O s s s, c e

im p o rt an t e l e m n t f str n gth an d th r sul t s f C h ss con t sts a e th r e fo r e stric t ly

e O e ,
e e O e e r e

b a d on a c i n t ifi an d lo g i al foun d at ion Bo th p art i s ar p l a d on a p e r f c t ly e q u al

se s e c c . e e ce e

foo t in g on st art in g as r g ar d s th fo r an d th ir r p c t iv
,
e p o w r an d the sam e r ul e c es e es e e e s, es

r g ul at th m ov m n t s o r ac t ion sO f th comb at an t s I t s th r fo r p u r ly a b att l e f

e e e e e e . I ,
e e e, e O

th r a onin g q u al it i s th at d
e e s i d th ssu i n a g am f C h
e an d th in fi ni t e v ar ie ty
ec es e I e ,
e O ess, e

Of p o ibl e comb in at ion in p l ay in g th g am e aff o r d th e w id t

ss s o p fo r th x e r ci se e es sc e e e ,

and th re fo r th e tr ain in g f th lo g ic al a w l l f th i m ag in at iv fa ul t i
,
e e, O f m ind e s e O e e c es O .

S inc th in tr odu t ion f ou r nobl p a t im e i n ci v il i d coun tr i a gr at n u mb r f the

e e c O e s ze es e e O

fo r mo t th i nk e r s w arrio r and stat m n o f d iff r n t n at i on al it i h av b n attr ac t d

e s ,
s es e e e es e ee e

by it h ar m an d som f th m h av e d vo t d a m uc h att n t ion t o th t u dy an d prac t ic

s c s, e O e e e s e e s e

O f Ch a t o th c u l t iv at ion
ess s f a t an d l it r at u r
e I n ou r t im e th g am is b om in g
O r e e . e e ec

mo r wi d ly p o p ul ar amon g i n t lli g n t p e o p l e i n d iff r n t co u n tr i

e e an d it i al mo st
e e e e es, s

un iv er ally r e o g n i d as a h al th y m n t al x er ci se w h i h in it ff t on th in t ell t u al
s c ze e e e ,
c s e ec s e ec

facul t i i aki n to th at f ph y ic al gym n ast i s on th

es s on s r v at ion an d d v lo p m n t O f
O s c e c e e e e

bod ily str n gth M o r o v r th cul t i v at ion f th g am s e m s al so t o x r i a d ire t

e . e e ,
e O e e e e e c se c

in fl u n e on th ph y i al on di t ion O f C h ss p l ay r an d th pr ol on g at ion O f th ir l iv s
e c e s c c e e s e e e ,

fo r mo st f th c l eb r at d C h ess m ast r an d au th ors on th g am h av r a h d a v r

O e e e e s e e e e c e e y

O l d ag an d h av pr e r v d th e i r m e n t al p ow e r s u ni m p air d in
e, e es e om in t an up t o e s e s c es

th eir v ry l a t mom n t I t h as al o b n om p u t d th at th av r ag l n gth f lif O f

e s e s . s ee c e e e e e O e

the g n r al d v o t
e e f th g am is th h igh t n com p ar i on t o any o th r l a
e ees O e Of m n
e e es I s e c ss e

w h o du r at ion f l if h as b e n y st e m at ic al ly subj e c t d t o st at i t ic al b rv at on
se O e e i *
s e s O se .

T h is c an b no m r o in id n an d incon gr uou s as i t m ay se m t o conn

e e e c c t l on
e c e, ,
e ec

c tic f C h s w b l i v e th e conclu sion t b e a sound e O es ,

e e e o

m x p r ie nc on r at ion al gr oun d s e e e .

I t is only n at u r al th at m n g ift d w ith in t ll t u al ab ili t ies w ill favo r a m n t al p as

e e e ec e

t im th at x e r i th h igh t q u al iti s f m ind in a sim il ar m ann r a m n w h o a

e e c ses e es e O ,
e s e re

e ndo w d w ith gr at ph y i al p ow rs w il l b attra t d by r e c r at ion an d am u m n ts

e e s c e e c e e s se e

th at d v lo p an d m ain t a n th ir bod ily tr n gth O n a C h p l ay r b om i n it i at e d

e e i e s e . ce . e ss e ec es

in th l m n t f th g am h d r i v s an x tr ao r d in ary am o u n t f n t rt ainm n t an d
‘

e e e e s O e e e e e e O e e e

p l a u r from p u rsu in g i t an d a h al th y p ir it f mul at ion t im ul at h i amb it ion t o

e s e , e s O e s es s

b com pr o fi i n t in th nobl p a t im
e e c e H is th n su r t o l ar n by x p r i nc th at any
e e s e . e e e e e e e e

h ab it th at a inj u r iou t o g n ral h al th w il l al o gr at ly d i t u rb his ap a ity t o do h i

s re s e e e s e s c c s

b t an d t o i m pr ov a a p l ay r an d th at m od
es e f l iv in g th at a e d tr im n t al t o a o u
s e ,
nd es O r e e s

c on d it ion f body m u t b r ig o r ou sly h k d o r l h i p l ay d t r io r at

O s e O n th ld c ec e e se s e e es . e O
“ m e n s s an a in c rp r a s an a
”
m ax im , it m ay th r fo r r a on ably b a u m d th at
o o ,
e e e e s e ss e

a a g n r al rul
s e w ith v ry f w xc pt ion ar d n t d vo t
e e, f th g am w ill b in t l l i
e e e e s, e e ees O e e e e

*
Wemak thi tat m nt e s s e e 011 th e a th o rity
u Of Mr .
J as . D S é guin ,
. Ch e ss e d ito r of th e T im es D emocrat .

of N e w O r l an e s.
xxviii CH E SS A S A T RAI N I NG O F MI ND A ND HOW TO I MP R OVE .

g n t p op l w h o a p o
e e e, d of h eal th y o rg an i at ion s an d as th prac t ic O f ou r p a
re ssesse z , e e s

t im i ondu iv t o h ab it th at a b n fi ial t o th pr r vat ion of g ood h al th it w il l

e s c c e s re e e c e e se e ,

al o gr at ly in fl u n
s e th pr ol on g at ion f l if
e ce e O e .

S om f th fo r mo t t hin k r h av
e O e sp o k n in th e h igh t t r m f th g am O f
s e s e e e es e s O e e

C h s a an in t ll c t u al am u s m n t an d a a m ark of gr at ap a ity an d om f th
e s s e e e e s e c c ,
s e O e

gr at t l b r it i f d iff r n t n at ion h a d vo t d t im an d att n t ion t o th t udy and

e es ce e es O e e s s e e e e e s

pra t i f its in tr i a i
c ce O Go th c c es
“
i n h i tr an l at ion f L N ep /z eu d R am eau e e, s s O e
.
e ,

by D i d e r o t ndo r th o p in ion
,
e f th l b r at e d F r n h ph ilo so ph r w h o d r ib s i t
ses e O e ce e e c e esc e

a s
“ th e touc h t on of th h u m an b r ain s
”
Pri n
e B i m a k in d i p ar ag m n t f m r
e ce rc
s s e e O e e
'

.
,

“
rh t o r ic al abi l ity on r m ark d th at gr at o rat o r a a r ul c an n ith r p l ay a g ood
e ,
ce e e e s, s e, e e

g am O f C h s o r w h i t w h ic h sh ow th at th i p m in n t t at m an th o ught m o re
e e s s , s s re - e e s es

h igh ly f th e ap a ity fo r p l ay in g g am of k il l a a t t f a um n th an h d id f
O c c es s s es O c e e O

th e o r at o ric al fa ul ty P r id n t G r vy of F r an e i a gr at lov r an d su pp o rt r f th
c . es e e c s e e e O e

g am an d d ur in g h is P r id n t ial t r m he ff r d pri fr om th p ubl ic fund fo r N a

e, es e e O e e z es e s

t i n al an d I n t r n at ion al C h
o T o u r n am n t s in F r anc e
e Buc k l th au th o r f T he
e ss e . e, e O

H is tory f Civ il i ati n was n o

”
f th gr at est C h
z m a t er of ou r ag
o ,
Le ib o e O e e ess s s e .

n it V ol t air L s in g M nd l so h n A lfr d d M u t F r e d e r ic th e G r at N ap ol on I
z, e, e s ,
e e s ,
e e sse , e , e
,

an d W illi am I w r fon d f th g am e an d mo t f th o famou s m n ar r p o rt d t o

,
e e O e s O se e e e e

h av ac q u ir d gr at S k il l a p l ay rs
e e e s e .

T h l it r at u r e f th g am b l on g t o th O l d e t on r co r d i n m any l an g u ag
e e O e an d
e e s e s e e s,

its r ap id in r a in u t im h a b n gr at ly in tr u m e n t al i n r v ivin g th g n ral p O p u

c e se o r e s ee e s e e e e

l arity f u p a t im
O o a it h a fa il it at d th
r s t udy f th o p nin g an d f prac t i al
e, s s c e e s O e e s O c ex

am p l s f p l ay b t w
e O n ma t r Th pr ad f th g am al l ov r th iv il i d wo r l d i
e ee s e s . e s e O e e e e c ze s,

h o w v r h i fl y d u t o th i n aug urat ion f I n t r n at ion al C h ess Con gr s an d m at h

e e ,
c e e e O e e sse c es

b t w n x p rts w h i h fr om t im e t o t im a e o rg an i d in th pr in ip al c ap it al o f
e ee e e ,
c e r ze e c s

E u r o p an d th A m r ic an Con t in n t
e e Th p ubl i x h ib ition s O f C h sk ill h av b e n
e e . ese c e e ss e e

w at h d w ith th k n e t att n ti n b y lov r f th g am e l it r ally al l ov r the fa

’

c e e ee s e f o e s O e e e ce O

th g lob
e fo r no t alon th r u l t f p l ay b u t al o w h ol r o r d
e, e f g am
e h av b n
es s O , s e ec s O es e ee

com mun ic at d thr ou gh th m d iu m f th n w p ap r pr abl t o th w id est

,

e an d th e e O e e s e e ss e c e e

d i t anc s on ou r p l an t
s e F r h t al n t h av b n on t an t ly d rawn ou t by th o p ubl ic
e * . es e s e ee c s se

t t f str n gth w h i h h av fo r m d th train in g h ool s fo r om of th gr at t m a t r

es s O e c e e e sc s e e e es s e s

O f u r t im
o w h o h av d v e lo p d nov l th r
e, ti al an d pr a t i al id a
e e th at gr at ly e e ,
e e o re c c c e s e

h l p t ud en t s f th gam e t o o v r com e th h i e f d iffi cul t ies in m a t rin g th in tric a

e s O e e e c s e e

O f ou r p a t im s e .

Th d iffic ul t i w r i n fo r m r d ay con id er d q uit

ese es e e e s s e e
“ f h u m an r e a on
”
a Ch s ha b n
c i n y in th
e c art e O s ,
s es s ee

S l n u (D uk A u g u t j un
e e s f B r u n wi k ) w a h l d t o b
e s ,
.
,
O s c ,
s e e

a v ry f w e B ut und n iabl
e . xp r i n h as h own th at e e e e e ce s

l n i n Ch
e ce m ay b a q u ir d i n a m ann r im il ar t o th a
ess e c e e s

b e Ob t ain d in o th r a com p l i h
e e c s

train in g an d t u dy the l arge m aj o r i ty f l ar n rs m ay g n rally im pr ov th ir

s O e e e e e e

str n gth u p t o a v e ry h igh d gr e

e at l a t an d om t im t o m a t ry e e e s ,
s e es s e .

A t fir t S ight th in fi n it v ar i t y f comb in at ion s th at a p o ibl on th

s e e e O re ss e e

bo ar d m ay ap p ar a mo t d i cou r ag in g b st a l in th way f a h i vin g u s

e s s O c e e O c e s cce s

g am an d it i only d u t o q u o t in th at r sp c t th follow in g x tra t fr om an

e, s e e e e e e c

I t is d u e to s tat th at th
e e first exam p l e of b rin g in g th e t el egr aph into re quisition fo r

St in it and T
e z sc h igo rin , at Havana ,
in th e b g innin g of
e 1 8 89 .
 C H E SS A S A T RAI N I N G OF M I N D AN D H OW TO I M P R OV E . x xi x

nti tl e d “ T he I n e x h au st ib il it y o f C h ess by M r E d wyn A n th ony O f He r ef o rd wh i h

e , .
, , c

first app ar e e d in th e C ne s s P l ay ers C lz ro n ic l e

’
Of 1 8 78

t imat th a t al n mb r of way of play in g v n a v r y f w mo v i b yond th p ow r f

“
‘
TO es e e c u u e s e e e e es s e e e O

c al lat ion b t to g t om th in g of an a pprox imat ion to th at n mb r i v r y im pl T ak in g a v a riation

cu ,
u e s e u e s e s e .

of a h of th o p n in g i Cook Sy p i w fi nd th at th fir t p lay r h an av r a g f 8 3 and

e c e e s as n
’
s n o s s, e e s e as e e o 2 ,
0,

33 way of p lay in g s t h ond t h ir d and fo r t h mo

e sec v p ti l y ;
, 9 3 and , 3 3 b in g th uo rr p ond e s res c c vc 2 ,
1, e e c es

i g n mb r fo r th
n u o nd p lay r Of o r both p lay r h av a h o i f
e s e se c u e . mo v on th ir fir t
c u se e s e c ce O 20 es e s

mov On th h p oth i th at th n mb r of r pl i o p at h mo v i alway th am w h at v r th

e . e y es s e u e e es en e ac e s s e s e e e e

pr d in g mo v may h av b n and t h at th fo r g o in g fig r g iv t h o n mb r th n mb r of p o ibl

ece e e ee ,
e e u es e se u e s, e u e ss e

way of p layin g th fir t fo r mov only on a h id wo ld b

s e s u es I f th n anyon e wrc s e u e , e , e e e

to play w itho t ation at th r at f u c e ss t a m in t ,

it wo ld tak h im mo r th an
e e O o n e se y ar t go u e, u e e e s o

tli g h t
ro u h m all I t wo ld
e b d iffi lt
. to y w h t h ur t h abo v e mb r i i cu x o r d f sat of th t r e e e e nu e s n e ces s e ec e ue

o ne , b t p rh a p w may af ly a f fir m th at it i
u e s e t l ik ly to b
s e t mo r th an p nt ith r way s no e e ou e 20 er ce . e e .

Wh n w b a r i m ind t h at th n mb r f p o ibl way in r a

e e e n e fo r many mo v om th irty fold fo r
u e O ss e s c e se s es, s e -

a h mov add d it i p la in th at th n mb r of way f p lay in g tw nty o r th irty mov on h id i

e c e e , s e u e s O e es e ac s e s so

gr at e tt rly tr an nd th gr a p of th ima g ination N d o bt th r at io of th p l a ibl to th p

as t o u e sce e s e . O u e e us e e os

s ibl n mb r of mo v
e u at v ry ta g i ally mall b t aft r v r y allowa h b n mad fo r th at
e es e e s e s u su s u e e e nce as ee e

fa t th v a ri t i of p lay till r main no rmo

,

c ,
e e es I a v r y r o gh way w may a ily
s e e xt nd us . n e u , e e s e e o ur sur

ve y A ft r th fir t foe r mo v i ea ommon s fo r
u m of th G i o
es o P iano
n p n
c in g \Vh it h 33 p o ibl e u c O e e as ss e

at ommand ; and aft r i gh t fr q ntly p lay d mo v i th E v an Gambit h h a ho i f

.
,

mo v
’
es c e e e ue e es n e s , e as c ce o

3 2mo v L t a
es, m t h n fo r
e on v
us n i n ssu of al la
e tion t heat fo r th n cxt i moe v eon a
ce h id c cu , e e s x es e c s e

aft r th fir t fo r on a h id th r i alway a ho i f th ir ty d iff r nt w ay of p lay in g — h yp oth i

e e s u e c s e, e e s s c ce O e e s , a es s

p r obably b low r at h r t h ane abo v t h a t al f a

e t W t h g t by omb
e inat ione w i t
c uh t h r lt qc ot d, e us e ,
c e esu u e

abo v th at th n mb r of way of p layin g th fir t t mo v on h id i

e, e u e s e s en es e ac s e s

000000 Th fig r
. probably d f t r ath r t h an i x
e se u e s are f th a t al n mb r In e ec On th ir ba i e n e c ess O e c u u e . e s s,

how v r and on id r in g th p o p lat ion of th w h ol wo r ld t b m ill ion (L timat ) ’

e e ,
c s e e u e e o e s e v ase ur s e s e ,

n d d t g o thro gh th m all n if v r y man woman and ee e o u e , e ve e e ,

t ation fo r t h at no rmo p riod at th r at of ou c esst p e us e e e one se er

i n t e r est in g t o m e n t ion th at th e fir st p l ay e r h as t he
11 b e
t o st art w ith — n am e ly the m ov es O f th e e ight P awn s o ne ,

of th e tw o Kni ght s t o t wo d r e n t sq r
iff e u a e s— w h il st th e 0 p
d iffe r e n t an sw e r s t o e ac h o n e O f th e fir st p l ay e r s 2 0 m ov es
’

n g th e fir st m ov e on e ac h sid e w ith ou t

y furth e r an d 4 00 is th e r e fo r e th e un it i n the ar ith m e t ic al pr o gr ession fo r

,

f c al c ul at in g th e numb e r of c omb in at ion s th at are p o ssibl e i n p l ay in g the

S h oul d b e r e m e mb er e d th at th e re is a l ik e in fi n it y fr om th e m ath e m at i c al ,

in th e art O f m u sic w h ic h h as n e v e rth e l e ss b e c om e p o p ul ar an d i t h as

, ,

at th e t al e n t fo r m u sic w h ic h is almo st u n iv e r sal amon g c iv il iz e d n at ion s

, ,

st u dy an d pr ac t ic e We b el ie v e th at th is is al so tr u e .

o w l e d ge O f th e g am e c o u l d b e m ad e e v e n e asie r o f ac q u ir e m e n t by

p eo p l e th an i t is n o w i f r at ion al m od es O f im pr ov e m e n t w e re ,

h on th e subj e c t is in th e first p l ac e th at a l e arn e rm

we O ff e r , ,

as p o ssibl e t o p l ay on e v e n t e r m s w ith su p e r io r p l ay e r s F r om e x .

re th at h e w ill l ea r n m u c h fast e r in th i s m ann e r th an

T he l att e r m e th o d O f pr ac t ic e e n g e n d e r s the h ab it on th e p art O f the
e x c h an g in g p ie c e s w ith ou t an y o th e r m o t iv e th an t o r e d u c e th e fo r c e s .

th com p ar at iv e im p un it y c om m it m any m ist ak es anyon e of w h ic h woul d

th e g a m e if h e st art e d on e v e n t e r m s an d th e O bj e c t O f the st ud en t ,

so m uc h t o wi n g am es as t o tr ain h im se l f t o p l ay c o rr ec t ly By taking ‘

.
g
p o in t s o f p l ay of his ad v ersary
ado pt th e b est str at eg y
 CH E SS A S A T RAI N I NG OF M I ND A ND H OW T O I MPR OVE .

an d . t o r o rt t o l in f p l ay w h i h h k no w t o b un ound r lyin g on the

is m o re ap t es es O c e s e s ,
e

in ab il it y o f th w ak r p l ay r t o p r iv th e e o rr t r p ly
e M o r ov r th o p n in g in
e e ce e e c ec e ,
e e , e e s

g am s at dd a q u it d iff r n t from th o ado pt d in v n g am an d th r fo r the

e O s re e e e se e e e es ,
e e e,

O dd r c iv r i no t adv an in g in n im p o rtan t b ran h f C h

s- e e e s k no w l dg
c Fo r th se o e c O ess e e, e

r a on w al o th in k th at h an d i ap t ou rn am n ts o ught t o b d i o u rag d in C h
e s s e s l ubc e e sc e e ss c s,

an d i f i t b d irabl at al l t o ff r p ial i ndu m n t s of h an

e es e o f pri Ot o w ak r e s ec ce e c c es z es e e

p l ay r w h o a no t at i fi d w ith th o pp o rt un it i of b tt r pra t ic w ith th ir u p rio rs

e s re s s e e es e e c e e s e

on v n t r m th n th odd m ight b g iv n by a m th od w h i h w b l i v w a fir t
e e e s, e e s e e e c e e e e s s

ado pt d i n th Bo h m ian C h
e Cl ub o f P r ag u n am ly t o g iv th adv an t ag of h al f a
e e e ss e, e : e e e

g am o r m o r in th o r t o th w ak r p l ay r
e e e sc e e e e e s .

O n th in g th at w wo u l d
e p ially u rg u p on th C h e t u d n t i th at r g ul ar ity f
es ec e e ess s e s e o

st udy an d pr a t i v ry m u h fa il it at m ak in g r ap id p ro gr
c ce e T h p l ay r by fi t an d
c c es ess . e e s

st art w ill s ar ly v r im pr ov an d it i m u h b tt r t o d vo t t o C h s n h o u r p
sc ce e e e s c e e e e es o e er

d ay fo r ix on u t iv
s d ay th an ix h ou r n d ay in th w k
c sec e I n o r d r t o tr n gt h n
s S s o e e ee . e s e e

th p o w r of C h
e e s p r pt ion a d m mo ry a g ood h ab it t o ul t iv at i th at of p l ay n g
e ss e ce n e ,
c e s i

ov r from r oll t ion on o w n g am

e ec o r mo r
ec p ially l t d an d w l l anno t at d
’
e s e s, e es ec se e c e e e

p ubl i h d g am p l ay d by m a t r
s e O n gr at adv an t ag of th
es e p ubl i h d s e s . e e e e s e

th at w h n th m mo ry o a ion ally fail it m ay b r fr h d by r f r n t o

e e e cc s s e e es e e e e ce

c at ion .

“
A v ry im p o rt an t p o in t i al w ay t o b r v
e tri t ly th l aw of t u h a s s O se e s c e o c

B u t th t m pt at ion t o t ak b a k a mov i v ry gr at w ith a b g inn r ; a d it h a b n

e e e c e s e e e e n s ee

fo u nd d ir abl fo r th i p u rp o t o p l ay fo r a m al l t ak a th i au
es e s it t o se s s e, s s c ses

e er d a p o in t f h ono r t o p l ay tr i t ly a o r d in g t o th r ul
O T hi pr a t i ha
s c cc e es . s c ce s

pr in ip al C h l u b f E u r o p a w l l a in th l arg r iti f th
’

u u al i i th
s i e c e ss c s O e, s e s e e c es o

S t at an d in H av an a
es O th r adv an t ag of p l ay in g fo r a m al l t ak a th at it
. e es s s e re

promo t gr at r ar i th p l ay an d t o h k om m n t o r ugg t ion fro m

e e e c e n e c ec c e s s es s

s t and r T h g am of C h i u tt r ly un u it d fo r g am b l in g th at no d an g r
e s . e e e ss s SO e s e e

u rr d by th pra t i an d th p l ay r u ually k now a h o th r tr n gth an d ’

c e e c c e, e e s s e c e s s e ,

th o r i abo u t v n o r th w ak r p l ay r fully x p t t o l o
e sc e s e e b ut i w ill in g t o
e e e e e ec s se , s

a f eefo r th am u m n t an d in tr u t ion w h i h h r iv from h i adv r ary

e se e s c c e ec e es s e s .

I n adv an f a p arat tr at i on probl m w h i h w in t nd t o p ub l i h in a

ce O se e e se e s c e e s

v ol um of th i wo rk w m ay t at th at th t u dy f th i b au t if l b ra h of
e s ,
e s e e s O s e u nc

i
s x tr m ly u ful fo r th p u rp o of d v lo p in g a d in r a in g tr gth
e e e se e se e e n c e s s en

p l ay I t i p ially th fa ul ty of pr i ion w h i h h a t o b
. s es ec e r i d ab l c ec s c s e e x e c se so

s t udy o f probl m wh r a in th g am th w inn in g pro

e s, m ay ft n b
e e s e e e c e ss O e e

m any d iff r n t w ay Y t q u it a oft n i t r q uir

e e s . th gr at t e a t it u d e s e e es e e es ex c e
’
t ion t o m ak ur f a p l an t o b ado p t d in a t ual p l ay an d th t
e s e O e e c ,
e s

wh r th u t mo t p o w r of th fo r h a t o b m p loy d in th f w
e e e s e e c es s e e e e e

i th r fo r
s a
e e p l nd id train in g fo r th p urp o
e s e S om f th e se . e O e

M o rph y A nd r n B l a k b u n
,
te sseh av d vo t e d gr at att n t ion
,
c r e, e c .
,
e e e e

h a gr own t o almo t a
s p ar at a t a d it i sp ially no t w o
se rth y e r ,
n s es ec e

s tyl i u ually a q u ir d by m a t r wh omb in pra t i ov r th

e s s c e s e s o c e c ce e e

of pr obl m T h i i only n at u r al a th b r ill ian t comb in at ion

e s . s s , s e s

d ir t K in g S id att a k an d th v ar io u b au t iful m at in g p o it ion

ec
’
s e c ,
e s e s

O u t in pr obl m l ad th r fo r t o th on pt ion of im il ar id as
e s e ,
e e e, e c ce s e

w w i h t o p o in t u t p art i ul ar ly th at t h o ugh it i b tt r fo r th
e s o tu c ,
s e e e s

pr obl m th i i by n o m an ab ol ut ly n
e s, s s ar y in o r d r t o d r i e s s e ec e ss e e

th t udy of th at b ran h f C h
e s E p ially a b g inn r w il l fi nd
c O e ss . s ec e e

a d in tr u t iv t o
n s o m p ar ov r th bo ar d th om p o it ion w i
c e c e e e e c s s
 T HE MOD E R N SC H OO L AN D I T S T E N D E N CY . xx x i

a
re p ubl i h d in ful l i n th n x t numb r aft r th probl m ha fir t app ar d Advan e d
s e e e e e e e s s e e . c

st ud n t m ay i n a im il ar w ay as i t th ir p r c pt ion by l oo k in g at th
e s ,
s ,
s sk y m ov e i n a e e e e e

p r obl m of me o r th an t w mov
e b u t al l th v ar i at ion
o o ught t o b
es, ar fully p l ay e d e s e c e

ov r o r wo r k e d ou t I n th at w ay an d pr ov id d th at th i b d n w ith gr at r e g ul ar ity
“
e .
,
e s e o e e ,

abo u t thr e o r fou r probl m p r d ay th

e t ud n t w il l oon b om fam il iar w ith m any
e s e ,
e s e s ec e

l ad ing i d a i n v ry d iffi ul t pr obl m

e e s e a d aft r om t im h w il l b abl
c t o ol v th m
e s, n e s e e e e e s e e

Il m o t at a g l an e fr om th d iagr am
s c e .

C H A PT E R VI .

T HE M O D E R N S C H O L A ND O ITS TE NDE N CY .

T he obj e c t o f th e g am
l r dy e x p l ain e d is t o c h ec km at e the adv e rse Kin g as
e, as a e a ,

y as o ssib l e an d the w h ol e p l ay O f e ac h p ar ty h as t o b e m ad e sub se r v ie n t t o th at e n d

y , .

ts an d pr ac t ic al e x p e rt s h av e n at u r ally att e m pt e d t o e ff e ct th is p u rp o se o r at any ,

m e m at e r ial adv an t ag e by a d ir ec t att ac k ag ain st the h o st il e K in g in th e

i n n u m e r ou s i n st an c e s th e y h av e su c c e e d e d i n pr o v in g th at P awn s an d
g iv e n u p v e ry e ar ly i n the g am e fo r th e p u rp o se of h ar assin g th e adve rse
e ff ec t O f ac c o m p lish in g th e m at e o r at l e ast of r e c ov e r in g m at e r ial gr eat e r
,

h ad b e e n t e m p o r ar ily sac r i fi c e d G e n e r ally suc h att ac k s are essaye d .

first p l aye r o r ad v oc at e d i n an alysi s fo r the sam e p artv an d i t was

,

at th e se con d p l ay e r c anno t O b t ain su c h o p p o rtun ite s i n the Ope nin g

S c om m i tt e d by th e adv e r sar y B u t l at e r r ese ar c h e s and pr ac t ic al

’

in th e g am e e v en O f th e fi rst ,

n se q ue n c e O f m ov es on the .

bo th S id e s the by pro p r p l ay
e on . .

O f m ak in g th e fif §fi
"
'

f a P awn I t th e r e fo r e follow s th at .
,

prac t ic ally amon g fi rst c l ass m aste rs of e q ual stren gth no t a

,
-
, .

P awn c an b e g iv e n u p by e ith e r p arty at any st ag e of the g am e w ith o u t at l east ,

e nd an g e r in g th e r e sul t unl ess i t c an b e soon r e co ve r e d Bu t mo r e ov e r it has

,
.
, ,
.

ro vc n b e yon d an y doub t th at irr esp ec t iv e o f an att ac k ag ain st th e a

,
dv e rse Kin g ,

re w e akn ess O f an
y s q u ar e on an
y p a rt O f th e bo ar d (o f w h ic h w e sh al l g iv e s om e .

e x p l an at ion w ll u gr t i ncon v n nc e an d tr oubl e an d v e ry O ft e n w il l b e

) i c a se e a e ie

I n the m iddl e O f th e g am e su c h p o in t s w il l g e n e r ally b e occ u p ie d by a h o st il e

ttitu d e an d w ill b e e x tr e m e ly d iffic ul t t o d isl o r
, tge ,

t o str e n gth e n h is p o sit ion e ith e r by b r in g in g m o re ,

o r by ob t ain in g gre at e r fr ee dom fo r h is o th e r

e n e ral l y be
o r in
’
n g s si e d
re x c h an g e o f se v e ral p iec es h av e b e e n e ff ec t e d b u t suc h
th e e , w e ak
d an g e r ou s i n th e e nd in g afte r th e e xc h an g e O f Q ue e n s an d R oo k s an d ,

are b r ou ght in t o p l ay fo r i t is th e n mo st ly i m p o rt an t t o g ain m ov e s w it h

,

th e S id e th at is fr e e fr om w e ak p o in t s w ill h av e a gr e at adv an t ag e f o r

e c ial l
y as r gar d s th p ow rs
e e e O f th e Kin g th at th e m od e r n sc h ool d e v iates
sts an d C h ess m ast e rs an d ,
we con sid e r i t
 XXI I TIIE M OD E R N SCHOO L A ND TI IE P R I NC I P LE S OF P L AY .

estab l fsh e d th at th K ing m u t b tr at d a a tro g p i e b o th fo r att ack an d d f n

e s e e e s s n ec e e ce .

T hi m a s th at f ar from th K in g r q u ir in g gr at pro t c t ion arl y in th g am a

e ns so e e e e e e e

f w S im p l pr au t ion w h ic h w S h al l furth r x p l ain w il l r nd r h im

e e ec s af th at any e e e ,
-
e e SO s e

att m pt at att a k in g h i w in g W ll b
e mo r d an g r o u fo r th o p p on t th an fo r h im s l f
c s i e e e s e en e .

Fo r u h att a k an only b f r m d ith r by adv anc in g P awn on th at w in g in w h i h

s c c s c e o e e e s , c

ac th o s Pawn b ecom w eak fo r th nd in g if the att a k fail ; o r l by d ir t in g

se e s e e e , c s e se ec

v ral p i c ag ain st th adv r K in g an d th u d p l oy in g th m fo r d f n iv a t ion o r

se e e es e e se s e e e e s e c

om o th r p o in t of th bo ar d w h r th o p p on n t m ay b r ak i n w ith sup r io r fo r c
s e e e e e e e e e es .

B u t mo r ov r s v r al fo r m s f o p n in g h av b e n d v lo p d i n wh i h th K in g th o ug h
,
e e ,
e e O e s e e e e e c e ,

app ar n t ly on th d f n iv e fo r om e t im
e i b r o ught in t o a t ion ar ly in th g am
e e e s an d s e, s c e e e,

aft r w ith t an d in g a
e min g ly v h mn t att a k ob t ain p r f c t cu r ity w ith th up rio
s se e e e e c ,
s e e se e s e r

p o it ion g n ally fo r th nd in g by m ean o f fo r in g th x h an g f h avy p i

s e er e e . s c e e c e O e e c es

aft r h av in g g ain d om e adv an t ag

e i n m at er ial bu t som t im al o i n th m iddl g am
e s e ,
e es s e e e,

w ith n arly al l th pr n ip al fo r c
e f bo th p art i on th bo ar d
e i c es O es e .

Th a in th m ain th l ad in g id a of th mod r n
e se re eh ool a i t h a b n al l d e e e s e e sc ,
s s ee c e ,

th o ugh i n fa t th y fo rm ul at n o mo r th an an e x t n ion in g n ral of

c ,
e e e e s e e

w h i h w ith th in t u it iv in t in t o f g n iu h av al r ady b n ado pt d by

c e e s c e s e e ee e

th o r i t in om f th o p n in g
e s s s Fo r in t an e th B i h o p G amb it
e O e e s . s c ,
e s
’

G amb it S h o w th at th o ugh th K in g h a t o m ov ar ly an d i d pr iv d
,
e s e e s e e

C a t l in g a t o n g att a k an b fo r m d w ith th m ino r p i

s ,
s r o w in g t o
c c e e e e c es,

b r o ught u t ar ly in t o th adv r g am
o e Lik w i th F r n h d f n e e se e . e se e e c e e ce

m ov of th e con d p l ay r obv iat b yon d any m ann r f do ub t fo r a gr at n u mb r

e se e es e e O ,
e e

mov al l a r fi in g t a t i
e s, an d v n th omb in at ion p l ay on th p art of th fir t p l ay
s c i c c cs e e e c e e s

an d all at on c fo r th v ry tr at m n t th at i now advo at d a th l a i al n by b

s ce e e e e s c e s e c ss c o e

p l ay on b o th id an d w h i h on i t in a t ady d v lo p m n t wi th ou t any a rifi e

s es, c c s s s s e e e e s c c

m at r ial e i r u m p t iv att en t ion t o th e b al an

,
c c sf fo e an d of p o it ion on al l p art
ec e ce O rc s s s

t h bo ar d an d th a u m ul at ion o f m al l adv an t ag
e ,
if p
e cc s es o

o f th e mod r n h ool m ay b b r ie fl y umm ar i d th u

e sc e s se s

t he c apt u r of th adv r K in g i th ul t im at bu t no t
e e e se s e e
w “ “

e t l ay on bo th sid a d r aw ou ght t o b e
’ M w

an d b
y E
'
'

:
p s
W ” “
es

Wh en it is m m b red that a m fil t aii fi -

a
i
v ~ ' ’
1 l

re e e e re er o

m e s som t m e l ad t o an no r mou numb r of

i ov e i s e s e s e

t oo d th at a c h an g f a wh ol y t m involv d th in tr odu t ion of

s e O e s s e e e c

l in s O f p l ay an d the d v l o p m n t of nov l i d a th at w e r oft n in d

'

e e e e e e s e e

p o p ul ar n o t ion an d t a t O bj t ion h av b n r ai d ag ain t th

s s es . ec s e ee se s e

th gr oun d th at its t nd en
e a al ul at d t o abol i h o r at any r at
e c i es re c c e s e

omb in a t ion Wt l t i a um d a th S p ial C h arac t ri t i f th

’

c s s ss e re e ec e s cs O e
'

l l

th K i ng e
‘
W an only an w r th at th i i a o rt of n t im n t al
. e c s e s s s se e

e x e r i e bu t c s v l itt l in fl u nc ve r e e e

W n t ir ly agr w ith B ar on v
e e e ee o

ma m
i xiT he imp l t an d th
: s es e
’

m n t an d c alc ul ati n f ugh t t o b

e o o

m r ly h e e s

o pp o rt un i
lo t ight
s s

c m m itf d
i o om g a er r f j ud g m n t
e s e r ve i ro O e

only e y a l y in im p o t an t g am b tw
v r r r re r es e

th m at h es f M o rp h y agai nst hi m o st
“

e c o s

occ urr e d only i n 2 gam es ou t of 63 an d ,

st yl e wa s ehie j fi he wn inE h S i nd fol d p

fi t L f l
 R E LAT I V E VALU E OF P I E C E S A ND P R I NC I P LE S OF P LA Y .

e xcl u sion O f th e c hoio th e r mo v es

ce O f B ar on von H eyd e b ran d in B il gue r s
.
'

buc /t v e ry pr o p e r ly d esc r ib es th e p o w e r o f th e K in g fo r th e Pawn e nd in g as

th an any m ino r p iec e n am el y a Kn ight o r a B ish o p We are in c l in e d t o e xt
, , .
»

v alu at ion t o al l p arts of the g am e an d we wo ul d ad d th at th e ac t ion of the K in g

,

bin e d w ith o n e d e fe nd e d P awn is abo u t e q u al t o th at of a R oo k pr ov id e d th at n ,

th e adv e r se K in g no r any o th e r h o st il e m an c an c o o p e r at e w ith th e l att e r -

We .

i n th e m ain w ith the au th o r it ies w h o r ec omm e nd th at the K in g sh oul d ; as a r ul e

e ar ly on th e K in g s sid e b u t th is r e fu g e of the K in g is som e t im e s fr au ght w ith d
’

w h e n o n e of the P awn s on th e K in g s w in g mo r e e sp e c ially the KKtP o r

’
-

b ee n pre v io usl y m ov e d o r m ay soon b e c om p ell e d t o adv an c e L ik e w ise w .

p on e n t has ob t ain e d the m aj o rity of P awn s on the Q u ee n s sid e i t is g en er all ’

t o w id e n the d ist an c e b et w ee n the K in g an d the adv e rse m aj o rity as th e K in g is a ,

e rf ul pie c e in th e e nd in g fo r st o pp in g th e h o st il e P aw n s I n e ith e r of th e se c ase s

.

d esirabl e t o aim first at an e x c h an g e O f Q u e en s an d som e m ino r p ie c es an d t o p o s

C ast l in g o r no t t o C ast l e at all T h e K in g is som e t im es b r o ught in t o p l ay at Q 2
.

d e v e lo p in g the m ino r p ie c es on th e Q ue e n s S id e o r at K B z aft e r th e adv an c e of th

’

C ast l in g on th e Q ue e n s sid e is no t O ft e n adv an t ag e o us fo r it l e av es the

’
P .
,

un d e fe n d e d as th e H an d buc /z r ight ly p o in t s ou t T h e no t abl e e xc e p.

Qu ee n s fi l e h as b e en o p en e d fo r th e p l aye r w h o C astl es on the Q ue en

’ ’

ad v e r sar y c anno t o p e n th at fi l e ; o r w h e n th e P awn s on th e K in g s sid e

’

fo r a str on g att ac k w ith th e c o o p er at ion O f o th e r p ie c e s ag ain st th e a

-

h as C ast l e d on th e o th e r S id e I n C ast l in gon e ith e r sid e i t S h oul d b e

.
,

th e R P KtP an d B P on th at win g in c on j un c t ion w ith a m ino r p ie c e

, ,

K t at B 3 o r at
e x c e ll e n t pr o t e c t ion ag ain st th e l arg e r m aj o r ity O f att ac k s th at c an b e p l ann e d by th e

p on e n t T h e ad v an c e of eith e r of th ese P awn s S h o ul d th ere fo r e b e p o stp on e d as

.

as p o ssibl e o r e l se it w ill fo r m an e asie r m ark fo r th e att ac k O f th e h o st il e m e n an d

, ,

of th e m ino r p ie c e s S h o u l d b e k e pt w ith in c onv e n ie n t re ac h O f B3 o r B sq on the .

on w h ic h th e K in g h as C ast l e d .

E x c e pt in g som e o p e n in g s th at w ill b e S p e c ially tr e at e d in th is wo rk it is r ar e ly

p l ay t o m ov e the K in g i n th e e arly p art O f the g am e B ut th is m ay b e r e so rt e d t o
’

w ith adv an t age in som e c ases w h e n th e o pp on e n t al low s h is K P t o b e t ak e n w ith

in o r d e r t o g ain th e K BP fo r it Fo r in st anc e aft e r th e m ov es 1 P —K4 1
.
,
.

B 4 2 K Kt— B3 ; 3 Q Kt— B 3 Bl ac k th ou gh th e se c ond p l ay e r m ay n ow

-
, ,

Kt >< P an d allow h is K in g t o b e d isc onc e rt e d fo r a l itt l e w h il e by th e

.

P c hi fo r aft e r 4
,
.
5 K t X K t 5 P — Q 4 ; 6 ,Q — B 3 e h 6 K — K t .
,

5 7 , Q — Q z ; th e att ac k w ill b e s oon tr an sfe rr e d t o Bl ac k w h o h as g a in e d th

th e str on g comb in at i

o th e r an alo g o us c ase
ne r O c c asion ally it b ec om es n e c essary in th e m id dl e g am e e
'

d e fe nc e t o r e m ov e the K in g fr om o n e sid e t o th e o th e r an d ,

in th e m id dl e of th e bo ar d S uc h a m o v e m e n t ou ght o n l
.

gre at est pre c au t ion s fo r it g e n e rally in v olv es the l o ss of c o st

Qu ee n s aren o t yet e xc h an ge d Bu t on the o th e r h and the
.
,

the K in g o ught t o b e fe ar l e ssly e st im at e d an d w h e n no su c h l o ss is thr eat e n e d o r

,

o pp on e n t c anno t b r in g su ffi c ie n t p iec es u p fo r th e att ac k i t sh oul d b e r e m e mb ere d ,

i t r e q ui r es a comb in at ion O f gr e at p ow e rs t o m at e th e K in g Fo r in st anc e w h e n .

,

st and s on any of th e bo r d e r s q u ar e s an d is no t block e d by an O f h is o wn m en h e

y ,

only b e m at e d by fo r c es th at are r ar e ly av ail abl e fo r su c h a p urp o se in the m iddl e ga

 R E L AT I V E VALU E O F P I E C E S A ND P R I NC I P L E S OF P LA Y . xxxv

Q an d R omb c i n ed A n d w h e n th e K in g trav e l s i n the

. m iddl e of th e bo ar d w ith ou t
b e in g ob str u c t e d i n h is m ov e m e n ts by h is o wn fo r ces i t r e q u ir e s at l e ast the comb in e d
‘

stre n gth of Q u e e n R ook o r a m ino r p i ec e an d o ne P aw n w h ic h m o re o v e r m u st b e i n

, , , , ,

a sp e ci al favo r abl e p o si t ion fo r the p u rp o se in o r d e r t o e ff e c t m at e S t aun t on j u st ly

, .

w arn s ag ain st g iv in g u se l e ss c h e ck s b u t r ec om m e nd s as g e n e r ally g ood p l ay t o g iv e a

, ,

c h ec k e arly i n th e g am e w h e n by so do in g th e adv e r se Kin g c an b e c om p e ll e d t o m o v e ’

an d th u s b e d e pr iv e d o f th e r ight o f C ast l in g T h e sam e au th o r it y al so say s . D o no t

“

in a l l c ase s t ak e a n e n e my s P a wn th a t s t an d s b
’
e fo r e yo u r K in g — it m ay som e t im e s se rv e
”
as a pr o t ec t ion t o h im .

I n th e e nd in g th e K in g is a p ow e r ful p i e c e fo r assist in g h is own P awn s o r st o pp in g

the adv e r se P awn s I n try in g t o st o p an ad v e r se p asse d P aw n th at c ann o t b e su p p o rt e d
.

by h is own K in g it m u st b e ob se rve d th at the K in g m u st st an d o r b e abl e t o m ov e t o

,

any sq u ar e o f a q u ad r at e th at c an b e fo r m e d by tak in g as a m e asu r e ofou e l in e th e n u

.

mb e r of ,

sq u ar e s fr om th e o n e i ncl u si v e on w h ic h th e P aw n st and s u p t o t h at o f the t o p ro w

in c lu siv e T h us fo r i n st an c e if Wh it e s P awn st an d s at Q R 3 the fo u r p o in t s o f the

.
, ,
’
,

q u ad rat e are the sq u ar es at Q R 3 Q R S KB8 an d K E 3 o r r esp e c t iv ely fo r Bl ac k Q R 6

, , , , ,
,

QR q s . K
,
B s q a n d K. B 6
,
I f Bl ac k s K in g st and s on n n
.
y s q u ar e
’
fr om K B s q u p t o .

KB6 an d th e r e fo r e at the gr e at est d ist an c e b e t w ee n th e p o si t i on of th e P aw n an d any

,

sq u ar e of th e q u ad r at e h e w il l st il l c at c h th e P awn e v e n i f th e l att e r h as th e m o v e
, To .

g i ve ano th e r ill ustrat ion w e assu m e th at W h i t e s P awn st and s at QR 5 an d i n th at c ase

,
’

B l ac k w il l b e abl e to st o p th e P i f h e st and s o r c an r e ac h an y sq u ar e fr om Q sq t o Q4 . .

Bu t it sh oul d b e no t ic e d th at i f Wh it e s P aw n st an d s on its o r ig in al sq u ar e at Q R 2 the ’

'

Bl ac k K in g st an d in g on th e furth e st fi l e o f th e q u ad r at e n am e ly : on any sq u ar e fr om ,

KKt sq t o KKt7 i n c l usiv e m u st h av e the m ov e i n o r d e r t o st o p th e P aw n as th e l att e r

.
, ,

c an mov e t wo sq u ar e s at st art in g Lik e w ise i n any o r ig in al p o si t ion of the P aw n the

.
,

adv e r se Kin g i f st an d in g on an y sq u ar e o f h is 7 th ro w wi th ou t at on c e b e in g abl e t o

,

c apt ur e the P awn m ust h av e th e first m o v e e v e n i f h e is w i th in th e q u ad rat e i n o r d e r t o

, ,

st o p the P aw n B u t u nl ess th e K in g st an d s o n th e fi l e i n fr on t o f th e P awn

. the l att e r ,

c an n e v e r b e st o pp e d if th e r e are m o r e th an fo u r s q u ar e s i n an y str aight d ir ec t ion b e tw ee n

the K in g an d th e P awn .

T H E Q U E E N is th e mo st p o w e r fu l p i e c e on th e bo ar d an d fo r th at r e ason sh oul d n o t ,

m e n by b e i n g b r ou gh t o u t e ar ly i n the
d an g e r ou s e sp ec ially i n th e o p e n in g t o
l
, ,

di ag on al as th e K in g B e fo r e the g am e is w e l l / .

R oo k o r t wo R ook s m ay b e g iv e n up fo r the , ,

adv e r se p o sit ion is w e l l d e fe n d e d an d th e p ie c e s c an

b e b r ou ght in t o c o o p e r at ion thre e p i e c es i ncl u d in g o n e R ook o r t wo R ook s

-
, , ,

are su p e r io r t o th e Q u e e n T wo Kn ight s an d o n e B ish o p are g e n e r ally info

.

r io r t o the Que e n T he m o st favo r abl e p oin t s of d e v e l o p m e n t fo r the Q u e en

.

are Q 2 aft e r d e v e l o p in g th e Q B o r Q E 2 as w e l l as Q Kt3 aft e r m ov in g P— QB3

,
.

T h e l att e r d e v e l o p m e n t is e sp e c ial ly att ack in g in fo r m s of o p e n in g s w h e r e the K B is p l ay

e d t o Q B4 I t is r ar e ly g oo d t o p l ay Q — K 2 o r K E 3 i n th e o p e n in g b u t su c h p o st s m ay
. ,

som e t im e s b e se l e c t e d w ith ou t d isadv an t ag e w h e n th e adv e r sar y h as al r e ady p l ay e d P

Q 3 o r is o th e r wi se pre v e n t e d fr om b r n g n g ou t h s Q
B i i i K t— Q B3 w h e n c e th e Q u ee n ,

woul d soon b e att ack e d by K t— Q 5 I n som e o f th e cl o se g am es the Q u e e n m ay b e d e .

,

vel o p e d at
Q R 4 aft e r m o v in g t h e Q E F i n o r d e r t o p o st th e K R at Q q s an d th e QR at .

adv an c e d

c ases l ik e
 X X XV I R E LAT I VE VALU E OF P I E C E S A ND P R I NC I P LE S OF P LA Y .

th e c o un t e r att ac k in th e E v an s G am b it d e cl in e d o r th e n e w att ac k ado pt e d by

-
’
,

au th o r ag ain st th e F r e n c h D e fe n c e th e Q uee n m ay adv an t ag e ou sly b e b r o ught

,

at KKt4 fo r an e ar ly att ac k Ye t a p l ay e r sh o ul d al w ay s b e v e ry c au t iou s b e fo r e

.

t u rin g a h o st il e Pawn o r e v e n a p iec e w ith his Q uee n as sit uat ion s ofte n arise in w ,

the Q u ee n c an b e aft e r w ar d blo c k e d ou t an d ul t im at e ly c au ght f o r in ad e q uate m at e r ial

at any r at e h e r r e t u r n in t o h e r own c am p is th u s d e l ay e d u n t il th e o pp on e n t h as gai

t im e fo r in st it u t in g a fo rm id abl e att ac k .

T H E R oo k O w in g t o th e o r ig in al p o sit ion of th is p ie c e w h ic h is b lo c k e d u p
.
,

its own m e n an d the n at u r e of its m o v e m e n t s i t c anno t b e m ad e m u c h u se of in th e

, ,

e ar ly p art of th e g am e T he K R is i n m any r e sp e c t s su p e r io r t o th e o th e r fo r o p e n in g
.

e n g ag e m e n t s on ac coun t o f the e ar li e r fac il it ie s fo r C ast l in g on th e K in g s sid e

’
T he .

t wo m ino r p i ec es on the K in g s wing c an b e soon e r d e v elo p e d in t o attac k in g o r c

’
'

m and in g p o sit ion s i n m o st o p e n g am es w h e r e as on th e o th e r sid e the Q u e e n h as t o b e

, ,

b r ou ght ou t in add it ion t o the t wo m ino r p i e c e s w h i c h in th eir e ar ly d e v e lo p m e n t ,

no t thre at e n m u c h an d l e av e the o pp on e n t the o pt i on of m any m o r e r e p l ie s I n th e m a .

j o rity o f o p e nin g s comm e n c in g wi th I P — K 4 th e C ast l in g on th e K in g s sid e al so o f fe rs

,
’

th e fir s t o pp o rt un it ies fo r o p e n in g a fi l e fo r th e R ook by ad v an c in g P— KB4 an d th is is ,

of the u t mo st i m p o rt anc e fo r th at p iec e w h ic h c an only b e b r ou ght in t o ac t ion on o p en

,

fi l es o r r ow s I t sh oul d b e no t ic e d th at the t wo comb in e d R ook s are in the mo st fav o r

.

abl e p o si t ion fo r att ac k an d d e fe n c e w h e n doubl e d on an o p e n fi l e O n e of the mo st .

p ow e r ful att ac k in g p o st s fo r o ne R ook and st il l mo re fo r th e t wo c omb in e d R ook s is on ,

th e 7 th r ow fo r u su ally som e of th e P awn s of th e ad v e r sary are st at ion e d on th e ir o r ig i

,

n al sq u ar e s an d are th u s m o r e l i abl e t o c apt u r e S uc h a sit u at ion of R ook s al so oft e n

.

for m s an i rre sist ibl e att ack ag ain st the ad v e r se K in g w h ic h is u su al ly con fi n e d on the ,

fr on t ro w O th e r c omm on w ay s of l e ad in g the R ook s fo r an att ac k ag ain st th e K in g s

.
’

d
si e is ,
t o b r in g o ne of th e m by w a y o f K B 3 t o K R 3 aft e r th e a dv a n c e o f P — K B 4
,
an d aft e r
th e e xc h an g e o r d isl od g m e n t of th e adv e rse Q B an d th e n th e o th e r R ook in a sim il ar ,

m ann e r t o KKt3 S u c h an att ack i f w e l l su pp o rt e d by m ino r p iec es o r the Q u e en is

.
, ,

ofte n mo st fo r m id ab l e b u t n e v e rth e l e ss its pr o sp e c t of su c c e ss mu st b e w e ll w e igh e d

, , ,

fo r i f the attac k fail s th e h e avi e r p i ec e s r e m ain u se l e ssly p ac k e d t o g e th e r on th e K in g s

,
’

si d e an d the o pp on e n t h as the b e tt e r c h an c e of winnin g if h e c an i n th e m e anw h il e fo r m

,

an att ack w ith his P awn s i n the c e n tr e o r on th e Q u ee n s w in g

’
.

T wo c c o p e r at in g R ook s are str on g e r th an the Q u ee n w h e n al l p o in t s are

-

fe nd e d b u t m o r e e sp eci ally w h e n the K in g is w e ll g u ar d e d ag ain st h ar assin g

,

a g il i
i ti s
e

H and buc/z r
m ar k s th at the R oo k s
e

p asse d Pawn s b u t m u c h l ess str on g f o

,

p ow er ful p i e c e s fo r c h ec kin g th e P awn s I t is th e re fo r e adv isabl e fo r the p arty

.

str on g P a wn s t o e x c h an g e Q u e e n s an d B ish o p s an d t o re t ain th e R ook s w h ile t ,

trary p olicy sh oul d b e ado pt e d fo r th e d e fe nc e T h e R ook is g e n er ally sl ight ly

.

th an a Kni ght and t wo P awn s; whil e a B ish o p an d t wo Pawn s are i n pr ac t ic a

'

sh ad e str on g e r th an th e R ook A R ook an d t wo P awn s are su p e r io r t o t wo

.

an d a l i tt l e b e tt e r th an Kni ght an d B ish o p b u t abou t e q u al wi th t wo B ish o p s ,

R ook s are a l itt l e str on ge r th an t wo Kn ights and a Bish o p b ut sl ight ly i n fer io r ,

B i sh o p s and a Kni ght I n al l c ases h ow ev e r a gre at d e al d e p end s on

.
, ,

atio ns th at h av e al so t o b e bo r n e i n m in d w h e n a mino r
n am ely the p o sit ion of P awn s an d w h e th e r th e i r m aj o r i ty i
, ,

vid e d w h eth e r th e Kin g c an su p p o rt his P awn s o r w h e th e r

,
 R E L AT I V E VALU E O F P I E C E S AN D P R I N C I P LE S O F P LAY . xxxvu

e nou gh t o st o p th e m w h e th e r o r no t o n e o r m o re p asse d P awn s c an b e fo r m e d an d

, ,

w h e th e r th er e are o th e r P awn s on th e bo ar d th at are l iabl e t o c apt u re o r are w e ll d e fe nd e d .

I t al so m ust no t b e l o st sight of th at th e p arty h av in g th e P awn s an d pr ovid e d th e r e are no ,

o th e r P awn s on the bo ar d o r all o th e rs c an b e e x c h an g e d has th e only c h anc e o f w in

, ,

n in g w h e re as the p arty th u s fight in g ag ain st the P awn s c an only p l ay fo r a d raw

,
.

I n the e nd in g wh e n try in g t o adv anc e o n e o r m o r e p asse d P awn s w i th o u t th e K in g

an d ag ain st th e ad v e r se R oo k alon e i t is g e n e r ally b est t o p l ac e th e R oo k b e h in d the
,

P awn s i n o r d er n o t t o ob str uc t th e i r ad v anc e Bu t w h e n fight in g ag ain st h o st il e P awn s

.
,

it is mo st ly ad v i sabl e t o att ac k th e m i n th e r e ar o r t o st o p the o n e fu rth e st adv an c e d i n

the sam e m ann e r T wo p asse d P awn s on adj oin in g r ow s wil l win ag ai n st t he R ook
.

w ith o r wi th ou t th e mo v e w h e n th ey h av e bo th r e ac h e d the six th sq u are of th e ir fi l e ,

pro v id e d th at the ad v erse K ing is at l e ast at a di st anc e of three cl e ar sq u are s from the
Pawn n ex t t o h im an d th at n e i th e r P awn c an b e t ak en by the R oo k at onc e I n a sim
,
.

il ar m ann e r thr ee adj oinin g p asse d P awn s o n th e fi fth sq u are s of th e i r fi l e wil l wi n

,

ag ain st th e R ook w ith o r wi th ou t th e m ov e i f th e ad v e r se Kin g is at a d ist anc e of at l e ast

fou r c l ear sq u ar es an d pr ovi d e d th at n e i th e r P awn c an b e t ak e n at on c e by the R ook

, .

Bu t i t is n e c essary t o kno w th at i f the R ook att ack s any of th e P awn s e xc e pt in g the m i d

d l e o n e of th e thr e e the P awn th u s att ack e d sh oul d b e g i v e n u p an d o n e o f the o th e r s
,

sh oul d b e p u sh e d w h e n th e r e m ainin g t wo w il l sec u r e r e ac h in g th e six th sq u ar e b e fo r e

—
,

th e ad v e r se K in g c om e s u p I f h ow e v e r th e R ook att ack th e m i ddl e P awn th at I awn

.
, ,

m u st b e first adv an c e d .

T HE B I S H O P . T h e r e l at i v e v al u e of th i s p i e c e has g iv e n r ise t o d iff e r e n t o p inion s

amon g m ast e r s an d au th o r i t i es S om e h av e sh o wn o r e x pr e sse d a di st inc t pr e fe r e nc e fo r
.

th e Kn ight in th e e n din g an d i t h as al so b e e n asse rt e d th at in con j un c t ion wi th Q u ee n

an d R ook th e Kn ight is str on g e r th an th e B ish o p

,
Bu t aft e r c ar e ful con si d e r at ion of
.

the av e r ag e of p o sit ion s th at h av e attr ac t e d ou r att e n t ion an d th e f e w e xc e pt ion s p o sit i v e

l y in fav o r of e i th e r p i e c e we h av e com e t o th e concl u sion th at the p ow e r of the B ish o p
,

co rr esp ond s fo r pr ac t i c al p u rp o ses wi th its est im at e d su p e r io r m ath e m at ic al v alu e o v e r

th e Kni ght in th e o p e n in g an d i n th e m iddl e p art as w e l l as i n the e nd in g
,
an d in th e ,

m aj o r i ty of combin at ion s wi th o th e r fo r c es T he great p ow e r of the Bi sh o p e sp ec i ally

.
,

i n conj unc t ion wi th the o th e r B ish o p fo r att ack i n al l di r e c t ion s as w e ll as fo r the d e ,

fenc e has b ee n fir st sy st e m at i c al ly an d c on si st e n t ly d e m on str at e d i n pr ac t ic e o v e r the

bo ar d by th e gre at G e r m an m ast e r L ou is P aul sen w h o m ay b e r eg ar d e d i n m any re
, ,

sp ec ts as o n e of th e c h i e f p ion ee r s of th e mod e r n sc h ool .

I n th e o p e nin g the K B is pr e fe r abl e t o th e o th e r on ac coun t of his u su al aggre s

si v e b e ar in g ag ain st th e h o st il e Kin g s si d e H is b est p o st i n the d e v el o p m en t of o p en
’
.

gam es is at Q B4 w h e nc e he is oft e n r e tre at e d t o Q 3 o r Q E 2 afte r ad v ancin g P— Q4 an d

,

P— Q B3 i f the o pp on e n t h as C ast l e d on th e Kin g s sid e I n som e o p e nin gs i n w h ic h the

’
.

ad v er sar y is e n abl e d t o b r in g h is Kt— K4 o r i n c lo se g am es o r w h e n th e o pp on e n t thr e at

, ,

e ns an att ac k on th e Kin g s sid e by b r in g in g h is p ie c e s o r P awn s to b e ar a ain st the KKt

’

g 5
sq u ar e th e K B is som e t im es b e tt e r p o st e d at K 2 i n o r d e r t o av oi d its b e in g e xc h an g e d fo r
,

a Kni ght o r fo r o th e r d e fe n siv e p u rp o se s T h e Q B is mo st ly d e v e lo p e d at Q 2 o r K3 b u t

.
,

in som e o p enin g s h e c an b e k e pt at h om e fo r a lon g t im e un t il P— KB4 c an b e p l ay e d

wi th ad v an t ag e an d i n c ase th e ad v e rsary c apt u re th at P wi th the K P an e xc ell en t
, ,

gam e will oft en b e ob t ain e d by r e t ak in g w ith the Bi sh o p A s al ready st at e d i t is ofte n u se ful

.

t o k ee p the resp ec t i v e Bi sh o p w ith in r eac h of the B sq on the sid e on w h ic h the Kin g .

has C ast l e d I t is u su ally b est t o k e e p bo th B ish o p s i n comm unic at ion wi th bo th win g s

.

an d fo r th at r e ason as w e ll as o n accoun t of th e su p e r io r v al u e of the B ish o p i t is v e r y

rarely of ad van t age t o p i n an ad v er se Kn ight N o t ably sh oul d th e p innin g o f the h o st il e

.

K Kt by Q B—KKt5 b e av oi d e d exc ep tin g w h en som e cl ear ad v an t ag e o r com p e n sat ion

 xxxviii R E AT I V E VA L LU E O F P I E C E S AN D P R I NC I P LE S OF PL AY .

c an b e pe r
v d Fo r the o pp on e n t by att ac k in g the B ish o p w ith P —K R 3 w il l e ithe r e ff ec t
c ei e .
'

an e x c h an g e mo r e favo r abl e t o h im se lf o r the B ishop w ill h av e t o r e tr e at w ith gr e at lo ss

,

of t im e I t is g e n e rally d isadv a
. n t ag e ou s t o allow th e Q B t o b e d riv e n b ack t o K Kt3 ou t
of comm u n ic at ion w ith th e o th e r w in g esp ec ially w h e n h is Kn ight is p o st e d at K B3
, .

Fo r d e fe n siv e p u rp o se s it is g e n e r ally adv isabl e t o r e t ain th e B ish o p of th e c olo r on

w h ic h the m aj o r ity of Paw n s are p l ac e d o r l ik e ly t o b e fi x e d mo r e e sp e c ially w h e n suc h ,

P awn s are st at ion e d on d iff e r e n t se p ar at e d d iag on al s Fo r the att ac k the B ish o p sh oul d
.
,

b e r e t ain e d of th at c olo r on w h ic h th e m aj o r ity of th e adv e rse P awn s are p l ac e d an d an

adv an t ag e w il l th e n g e n e r al ly b e e ff e c t e d by e nd e avo r in g t o b r e ak thr o ugh w ith w e ll

su pp o rt e d P awn s T h e su p e r io r it y of th e B ish o p ov e r th e K n ight is al so sh own by the

.

fac t th at th e fo r m e r w h e n p l ac e d on an y sq u ar e of th e bo ar d w il l c omm an d at l e ast 7

sq u ar e s o f o n e o r m o r e c l e ar d iag on al s I n the m iddl e of th e b o ar d at K4 K 5 Q 4 o r
.
, ,

Q 5 h e w il l c om m and 1 3 sq u ar es
, O n th e o th e r h and th e ac t ion of th e Kn ight m ay b e
.
,

re d uc e d t o the c om m an d of n o m o re th an t wo s q u ar es if h e b e p l ac e d in t o any of the ,

fou r c o rn e rs of th e b o ar d an d the m ax imu m o f sq uares w h ic h h e c an c om m an d is e ight

, .

T h e gr e at p ow e r of th e t wo B ish o p s comb in e d h as al r e ady b e e n all u d e d t o T h ey .

are a l itt l e su p e r io r t o B ish o p an d Kn ight an d c on sid e r ably s tr on g e r th an t wo Kn ight s .

W ith the q ual ific at ion s m e n t ion e d i n o ur d esc r ipt ion of the pr o p e rt ie s of the R oo k w h ere
w e h ave al so g iv e n som e c om p ar at iv e v al u at ion s of B ish o p an d R oo k w ith P aw n s on
‘

e ith e r sid e we woul d furth e r c om p u t e th at tw o B ish o p s an d two P awn s are c on sid e r ably
,

str on g e r th an R ook an d K n ight an d th at o n e B ish o p is m u c h b e tt e r th an

,
three P awn s .

Bu t i t sh o ul d b e p o in t e d o u t th at tw o p asse d P awn s on th e six th r ow e v e n i f se p arat e d

w ill win ag ain st th e B ish o p w ith o r w ith o u t th e m ov e if n e ith e r c an b e t ak e n at on c e
, ,

an d th e ad v e r se K in g st and s at l e ast thr ee c l e ar sq u ar e s d ist an t fr om e ith e r P aw n On .

th e o th e r h and a R oo k wo u l d e asily st o p suc h tw o o r e v e n m o r e se p ar at e d p asse d P awn s

,

i f th e y c anno t b e su pp o rt e d by th e ir K in g fo r som e t im e by sim p ly p l ac in g the R ook on ,

h is sec on d o r fir st r ow .

T H E K N I GHT S om e of the ol d au th o r it ie s m ain t ain e d th at th is p e c u l iar p iec e sh oul d

.

no t b e b ro ught ou t in an y m ann e r as t o bl o c k o n e of the P aw n s an d th e re fo r e n o t at B ,

3 b e fo r e h a v in g a dv a n c e d th e r es p ec t iv e B P tw o sq u ar e s T h e K in g s G amb it an d th e
.
’

B ish o p s G amb it are fo u nd e d on th at th e o ry

’
B u t i t is now u n iv e r sally ac k nowl e d g e d
.

amon g e x p e rt s th at I P— K 4 on e ac h sid e 2 KK t — B 3 o r 2 Q K t— B 3 are e x c e ll e n t

,

mov e s an d in m o st o p e n in g s th e d e fe n c e o ught al so t o b r in g o u t the t w o K n ight s on

,

th eir r esp e c t iv e th ir d sq uares w ith o u t m ind in g th e b l o c katio n of th e P aw n in fr on t of

th e m Aft e r C ast l in g on the Kin g s sid e it is g e n e rally a g ood p l an t o r e mov e th e KKt
.
’

in o r d e r t o adv an c e P— K B4 an d oft e n Kt— K sq is the b e st r e tr e at fo r th e p u rp o se

,
. .

Bu t we d isappr ov e on g en e ral prin c ip l es of the p l an som e t im es ado pt e d of p l ay in g P— K

R 3 in o r d e r t o r e tr e at Kt— R z T h e Q Kt is oft e n m an oeu v r e d fr om Q B 3 v ia K 2 t o K K t
.

fo r th a tt a k b t h i a l o d v lo p d om et im e s via Q 2 t o K B sq e ith e r b e fo r e o r
3 e c u e ,s s e e e s .

aft e r d e v e l o p in g th e Q B an d th e n c e t o K K t3 o r K 3 w ith g ood e ff ec t Wh e n e ith e r .

Kn ight c an r e ac h th e adv e rse K B 5 w ith o u t b e in g l iabl e t o b e d r iv e n aw ay o r e x c h an g e d

h e will o c c u py a v e ry m e n ac in g p o sit ion ag ain st th e adv e rse K in g s sid e w h ic h w ill
' '

gre at ly str en gth e n any att ac k i n th at q uart e r T h e Kn ights are w e l l ad apte d fo r e n t er in g

.

in t o a h ol e o r a w e ak sq u ar e of th e adv e rse g am e (of w h ic h t e r m s we sh al l g iv e

som e fu rth e r e x p l an at ion s an on p lly w h e n su pp o rt e d by P aw n s on e ac h sid e A
) es ec ia .

Kn ight is only v e ry sl ight ly str on g e r in g en e r al th an three P awn s O f its o th e r r el at iv e .

v al u at ion s we h av e al r eady sp o k e n und e r the prev iou s h ead in g s b u t i t is a p ec ul iar f e a ,

t u re of th e Kn ight th at h e w il l b e ge n e rally str on ger th an the B ish o p i n the e n din g w h en

the o pp on e n t h as a doubl e d P awn th at c anno t b e di ssol v e d m o r e esp ec ially w h e n th e ,

o ne i n fr on t is of the o pp o si te colo r of the B ish o p an d is no t pr o te c te d by ano th e r P aw n ,

 R E LA T I V E VAL U E O F P I E C E S AND P R I NC I P LE S OF P LAY . xx xi x

fo r th e Kni ght by attack in g th at P awn wil l at l east k e e p the adv e rse K in g e n g age d
n the
fo r its pr o t e c t ion w h il e h is own K in g wil l b e fr e e fo r ac t ion
,
T h is i n g e n iou s m ax im .

was c h ie fly b r o ugh t i n t o r e co g n it ion by H e rr Win awe r .

T H E P A WN T h e sk il ful m an ag e m e n t o f th e P awn s w h ic h fo r m a ph al anx b e fo re

.

the K in g an d th e o th e r p ie c e s is o n e o f th e m o st i m p o rtan t i t e m s i n th e c ond uc t of the

,

gam e O w in g t o th e pr i v il ege o f pr om o t ion t o a Q u ee n o r any o th e r p iec e c h o se n

.
, ,

w h ic h th e P awn s p o ssess w h e n r e ac h in g th e e ighth sq uare the lo ss o f o n e o f th e m is in

the l arg e m aj o r i t y o f c ase s fat al am on g fi rst c l ass m ast e r s -
I t is m o r e ov e r no w r e co g
.
, ,

n iz e d amon g e x p e rt s th at no t alon e th e w e akn e ss of ou e sin g l e P awn bu t al so th at o f o n e sin g l e

sq u ar e in t o w h ich an y h o st il e m an c an b e p l an t e d wi th c omm and in g e ff ec t w ill c au se ,

great troubl e an d oft e n th e l o ss o f th e g am e an d th at by pr o p e r m an age m e n t of the

, ,

Pawn s su c h p oin t s o f v an t ag e n e e d no t b e o p e n e d fo r the o pp on e n t .

T h e c e n tr e P awn s n am e ly th e K P an d Q P w il l h av e t o b e m ov e d in th e l arg e r
, ,

m aj o rity o f O p e n in g s soon e r o r l at e r i n o r d e r t o free th e p i ec es on e ac h sid e an d th e y are ,

no t al on e th e b e st fitt e d fo r com m e n c in g o p e r at ion s b u t we wo u l d l ay it down as a , .

r ul e th at th ey are the only on es t h at o ught t o b e m ov e d in th e e arly p ar t of the g am e fo r

v ar io us re ason s I n th e firs t p l ac e as l on g as th e thr ee P awn s on e ac h w in g r e m ain
.
,

unmov e d ; th e r e is n o w e ak sq u ar e o r a h ol e on th e sid e w h ic h t ak es th at pr e c au t ion .

T he l att e r t e r m w h ic h is n ow g e n e r ally ac c e pt e d as a t e c h n ic al d e fi n it ion was first u se d by

é ,

th e au th o r i n T l ag I n te r n atio n al C 123 5 5 M ag az in e of N ov e mb e r 1 8 8 6 w h e r e th e d is ,

adv an t ag e w h ic h it is i n t e n d e d t o d e sc r ib e was al so fir st p oin t e d o u t an d i t is m o st ,

im p o rt an t fo r the l e ar n e r fully to appr e c iat e th at d isad v an t ag e T he h ol e m e an s a sq u are .

on the th ir d o r fo u rth r ow i n fr on t of a P aw n aft e r the t wo adj o in in g P awn s h av e b ee n

mov e d o r c apt ur e d T h u s f or i n st an c e aft e r th e o p e nin g m o v e s 1 P—K4 I P— K4 ;
.
, , ,

2 P— Q B4 ; th e r e are al r e ady t w o h ol e s i n W h i t e s c am p
’
n am e ly o n e at Q 3 an d o n e at
, ,

Q 4 . T h ese h ol e s w ill b e al l th e m o r e d a n g e r ou s as l on g as th e a dv e r se Q P r e m ain s at Q4 ,

fo r th at P aw n st o p s th e adv an c e o f t wo h o st il e on es an d by sk ilful p l ay Bl ac k wil l r e tai n

th at adv an t ag e fo r a l on g tim e I f Wh it e s Q P is aft e r w ar d m o v e d t o Q 3 th at P aw n wi l l
.
’

b e w eak an d e ve n if h e succ e e d in e x c h an g in g th at P awn fo r ano th e r the sq u ar es at Q 3 an d

‘

Q 4 r e m ain w e a k a n d Wh
,
i t e w ill h a v e t o g u ar d ag ain st th e e n tr an c e o f h o st il e m e n on

th o se sq u ar es w ith o n e o r m o r e p ie c es sin c e b o th th e P awn s th at pre v io usly c oul d aff o r d

,

pro t ec t ion ag ain st su c h e n tran c e are adv an c e d A h ol e o r a w e ak sq uar e are st il l mo r e

.

troubl esom e w h e n the o pp on e n t is e n abl e d t o o p e n th e fi l e on w h ic h th ey are sit u at e d

fo r his Q uee n s an d R oo k s I n th e o p e n i n g o r m iddl e p art a h ol e o r w e ak sq u ar e are
.

mo st d an g e r o us in th e c e n tr e o r o n th e K in g s sid e b e fo r e Q u e e n s are e xc h an g e d b u t in
'

th e e nd in g su c h w e ak p o in t s are g e n e r ally m o r e tr o u bl esom e o n th e Q uee n s sid e

’
.

I n the n e x t p l ac e i t is a gr e at adv an t ag e fo r th e e nd in g t o h av e as m any P awn s as

,

p o ssibl e unm ov e d o n th e ir o r b e abl e t o

gain a mov e by h av in g th e r t wo sq u ares F u rth e r mo re .
,

ave al re ady e x p l ain e d e K i n g s sid e in con j un c t ion

'

a m in o r p ie c e fo r m a on th at w in g an d we sh al l ,

th e o th e r w in g .

“
o d adv ic e I t is g e n e r al ly
b o ar d b e c au se wh e n th e re .

gre at ly r e t ar d th e m o v e m e n ts of th e o pp o sin g fo rc es T he K P an d th e Q P at th eir .

w ell p o st e d b u t it is no t e asy t o m ain t ain th e m in th at p o sit ion an d if

, ,

”
adv an c e o n e of th e m th e p o w e r of bo th is m u c h d im in ish e d
,
T o th is .

t in g e n e r al tw o P aw n s are str on g e r ab re ast th an on a d iag on al T he .

t wo Bl ac k sq u are s an d two Wh it e on es in fron t w h il e in the l att e r ,

h e s q u ar es is o c c u p ie d by a P awn an d al l th e p o in t s c ov e r e d are only

x1 R E LAT I VE VALU E OF PI E C E S A ND P R I NC I P LE S O F P LAY .

o f o n e c olo r A s a r ul e i t is u n ad v isabl e t o adv an c e any P awn b eyon d th e fo urth sq u are

.
,

fo r the furth e r a P awn is ad v an c e d in t o th e h o st il e c am p th e soon e r h e b e c om es l iabl e to

c apt u r e o r inconv e n ie n t attac k e sp e c ial ly in th e e n d A t th e u t mo st a P aw n m ay h e .

som e t im e s adv anc e d t o th e fi fth sq uar e w h e n h e c an b e w e l l su pp o rt e d on e ac h s1 d e by

so c all e d c h ain s of P aw n s th at c anno t b e b r o k e n u p

-
b u t it is v e ry r ar ely g ood p l ay t o ,

adv anc e a P aw n t o h is six th sq u ar e .

I n th e e ar ly p art of th e g am e th e fo r m at ion of a c e n tr e su c h as tw o P aw n s ab r e ast

at K4 an d Q 4 is a v e r y d esir abl e O bj e c t an d in th e G amb it s of th e th e K in g s sid e th e
’

K B P is e v e n sac r ifi c e d fo r th at p u rp o se W ith th e v ie w of st re n gth en in g the c e n tre it is

.

u su ally b e tt e r t o c apt u r e w ith a P t ow ar d th e m iddl e r ath e r th an t o w ar d th e w in g w h e n

th e c apt u r e c an b e e ff e c t e d by t wo d iff e r e n t P awn s Wh e n b o th sid es h av e m ov e d P .

K4 an d h av e al so C ast l e d on th e K in g s sid e i t w il l b e oft e n adv an t ag e o us t o allow

’

the K B P t o b e do ubl e d i n o r d e r t o fo r m som e att ac k on th e o p e n K K t fi l e o r e l se w ith ,

th e obj e c t of aft e r w ar d d issolv in g th e do ubl e d P aw n by adv an c in g P— KB4 I n l ik e .

m ann e r th e do ubl in g o f a P aw n 0 11 th e Q B fi l e m ay b e u se ful in o r d e r t o ob t ain c o m

,

m and fo r th e QR on th e o p e n Q Kt fi l e an d w ith th e v i e w of adv an c in g P— B4 B ut .

an isol at e d do ubl e d P aw n e sp e c ially o n e on th e R oo k s fi l e is m o st ly a gr e at d isadv an t ag e

’

, , .

M o st p ar tic ul ar c ar e sh o ul d b e t ak e n th at th e o pp on e n t do es no t ob t ain th e m aj o r it y of
Paw n s on th e Q ue e n s sid e o n th e w in g o pp o sit e on w h ic h th e K in g s O f b o th p art ies
'

u su ally C ast l e Fo r a sk ilful p l ay e r w ill g en e r ally m an ag e t o c u t o ff th e K in g fr om c r o ssin g

.

t o th e o th e r sid e an d th e w eak e r P aw n s th us d e priv e d of th e h e l p o f a p ow er ful p ie c e w ill

, , ,

rar e ly b e abl e t o o ff e r su ffic ie n t r e sist an c e to th e o p p o sit e su p e r io rit y of fo r c e T he m a .

-f

rity of P awn s on th e K in g s sid e is r ar e ly of m u c h u s e fo r th e P aw n s of th at w in g c an

’

j o ,

no t wel l adv an c e w ith ou t e x p o sin g th eir o w n K in g an d in th e e nd in g th e h o st il e K in g ,

is n e ar at h an d fo r st o pp in g th e m .

E ac h P awn h as its o w n p e c u l iar it ies wh ic h w e sh al l e nd e avo r t o d e sc r ib e b rie fl y .

T h e t wo R ook s P aw n s are th e w e ak e st as e ac h only c om m and s o n e sq u ar e w h il e the

’

, ,

o th e r s c omm an d two B u t e ac h w h e n adv an c e d is only l iabl e t o b e att

.

P awn on th e h o st il e Kn ight s fi l e w h il e the o th e r P aw n s c an b e att ac k e d

’

P aw n s o n e on e ac h sid e Wh e n th e O pp on e n t h as first mov e d P— KR

,
.

K in g s sid e w h il e you h av e no t ye t C ast l e d yo u m ay al so r e p ly P— K R 3

’

of adv an c in g soon P— KK t4 an d e nd e avo r in g t o b r e ak thr o ugh w ith th e P aw n s

win g I t is al so g ood p l ay t o d riv e b ac k a h o st il e p ie c e by P K R 3 b ut o th e r
.
-
,

p e c ia l l y w h e n you h av e C ast l e d K in g s sid e su c h an adv an c e is no t g ood

’
fo r i t ,

th at P aw n t o att ac k in m any c on t in g e n c ies an d i t al so m ak e s it in c onv e n ien t t o ad van

th e K B P sin c e a h ol e is th e n fo r m e d at KKt3
,
.

T h e KKtP if adv an c e d t o KKt3 l e av e s at on c e a h ol e at K R 3 an d at K B 3 fo r it ,

assu m e d th at th e K P h as al r e ady m ov e d o r w ill h av e t o mov e soon I f h e adv an c e

‘
.
,

K t4 s p ,
u p o rt e d by P — K R 3 h e l e av e s add it ion al h ol e s at K B 4 an d K R 4
,
.

I t is adv an t ag e o u s t o adv anc e th e K E P t o B 4 afte r C ast l in g w h e n an adv e r se Pa

is fi x e d at K4 by yo u r o w n K P w h ic h sh o u l d b e w e ll d e fe nd e d I f yo u r Q P h as b ee n .

c h an g e d fo r th e o p p o sit e K P it is m o r e oft e n b e tt e r t o p l y
,
a P — K B 3 in
KP I f th e K P h as b e e n e x c h an g e d o n e ac h sid e it is r ar e ly g ood t o adv an c e
.
,

fo r it l e av e s a w e ak sq u ar e at K 3 ag ain st w h ic h an att ac k of th e h o s t il e R ook c a

b e d ir e c t e d I f th e K BP r e m ain s unm ov e d h e w il l oft e n g iv e g ood su p p o rt t o t
.
,

o r K R at K 3 .

T h e adv an c e of th e K P t o th e fi fth sq u ar e I S sp e c ially obj e c t ion abl e as th e ,

n e n t w ill mo stly g ain o p p o rtun itie sy b y P— K B3 of o p e n in g an im p o rt an t fi l e ,

R oo k Lik ewi se i f the Q P p l ay t o h is fi fth th e an sw er P Q B 3 w il l r el ease th e a

.
, ,
-

Q ueen an d O p e n a pr om isin g fi l e fo r th e h o st il e QR .
 T H E R U Y LO P EZ .

c all e d aft e r a S p ani sh bi sh o p w h o l iv e d d u r in g the r eig n Of Phil ip 11 Hé is re

’ ’

SO .

uted t o h av e b e e n th e gr e at est p l ay e r of h is t im e an d h e p ubli sh e d an an aly si s o f th i s

p ,

O p e nin g i n 1 561 . I t h as b ee n h el d by th e gr eatest m ast e rs t o b e o ne o f th e str on g est

o p enin gs th at the fir st p l ay e r coul d ado p t an d th e au th o r h as tri e d th e att ack i n v ari ou s
, ,

o r m s sinc e 1 8 7 6 w h e n h e fir st app li e d a comb in at ion of pr inci p l es w h ic h w e r e q ui t e n e w

f , ,

at the t im e ,
i n h is first m atc h g am e ag ain st Bl ac kbu rn e We al so ado p te d i t i n V i enn a .
,

1 881 i n L on don 1 88 3 ; an d in th e m at c h again st Z uk erto rt fo r the c h am p i on sh i p of the

,

wo r l d in 1 8 8 6 N e v erth el ess we h av e com e t o th e concl u sion aft e r c are ful an alysis th at

.
, , ,

th is fo r m of o p e n in g is no e xc e ption t o th e g en er al r ul e i n asmu c h as th e p innin g o f the ,

Kni gh t by the Bi sh o p in th e e ar ly p art of th e g am e c anno t b e of any ad vanfage an d we

find now th at at th e u t mo st the g am e c an b e m ad e e v e n by W h i te ag ain st the b est d e
f enc e w h i c h we th ink is 3
,
P— .
Q3 O u r
. r e ason fo r d e v i at in.g th u s fr om th e t i m e h on -

Ored 3 . .Kt— KB3 (o r 3 P— Q R 3 ; 4 B— R 4 4 Kt— B 3 ) is th at aft er 4 P—Q 3

. .
,

se n s k ey m o v e of th e att ac k ado pt e d o n e m o v e l at e r ag ain st M o rph y w h o as

’
, ,

th e t i m e h ad p l ay e d 3
,
P— Q R 3 w h e r e u p on Wh i t e r e tr eat e d 4 B— R 4 )Bl ack
. .
,

e l l e d t o p l ay 4 P— Q 3 an d i f Wh it e th e n con t inu e 5 P— B3 Bl ack h as d e

. .
, ,

im sel f o f the r esou r c e of 4 P — K B4 w h ic h i n ou r m ai n v ari at ion i n Col 1 he , ,

.
,

c e ssf ul l y ado pt an d th u s foi l th e p l an of W h it e t o k ee p u p a r e t e n t iv e attack

,

0 th at ob t ain e d i n m od e r n v ar i at ion s of th e Gi uoco Pi ano Com p ar e Col 3 . .

,

mo st i n acco r d anc e wi th th e styl e of att ack ado p ted by the au th o r ag ain st Bl ack
g am e o f the m at c h i n 1 8 7 6 (S ee ill u strati v e g am es )
P—Q 3 ; 4 P— B 3 4 P— B4 fr om the o r din ary li nes
. .

aft e r 3 . .
, ,

5 th at Wh i t e wil l g ain n o b e n e fit fr om th e Gi uoco P i ano sy st e m of attack fo r ,

5 P — Q3 an d,
t h e pr o sp e c t i v e o p e n fi l e fo r th e Bl ack K R a ft e r c as t lin g wil l ''

ou t w e i gh the l i tt l e i ncon v e ni e nc e of h is KB s b e in g con fi n ed Wh i t e is ’

.

e t o m an oe uv r e h is Q Kt via Q 2 an d K B sq u ar e s t o K 3 as i n th e l e adi n g v ar i a ,

f th e at t ack ag ain st o th e r d e fe nc es ; as afte r Bl ack h as mov e d P— KB4 the fir st , ,

h as t o l ook ou t fo r pr o te c t ion fo r h is KP w h ic h wil l b e fu rth e r att ack e d ,

T his .

att ack we con si d e r i n t h i s o p e nin g as w e l l as in Philid o r s D e fe nc e th e m o st con

’
,

t o the pr inci p l es of th e gam e

an d 5 we e nd e av o r t o d e mon str at e th at an att ack ini t i ate d by 7 P—Q4
.

ado pt e d by th e au th o r i n h is m at c h ag ains t Z uk erto rt c an b e r e p e ll e d ,

fo r the se cond p l ay e r sh oul d W h i t e try t o p l ay fo r mo r e th an an e v e n

,

q u e r i e d mov es i n th o se col umn s viz Wh i tes r1 th 1 2 th an d ,

.
, , , ,

O l u m n 4 an d Wh i t e s 1 3 th an d i4 th m ov es i n col umn 5 are we

’
, , , ,

an d no t e asily an sw e r e d w h e re fo r e we h av e se l e c t e d t h e m as sp e ci
th e p art of Wh i t e t o g ai n an e ar ly su p e r i o r i ty Bu t we b e l i ev e af t e r
‘

.
, ,

Bl ack s coun t er att ack i n Col C n am ly 7

’
-
e P X P a n d 8.
P — ,Q4 . .
, . .
,

ag ain st al l o t h e r l in es of p l ay th at are at Wh i t e s
’

f n eg l e ct in g th e c oun t e r at tack of 7 P X P and -

. .
,
 T HE R UY L OPE Z

t o m ak we th ink th t Wh i t ft r 7
e, ob tain th u p r io r g am by g t
a e, a e . . B— Kt 2, s e s e e e

r i d of his KKt at B3 an d exc h an gin g i t fo r an ad v e rse p i c th u s l ib erat in g hi p a e e, s

on th at w in g fo r an ul t im at att a k e c .

Col 7 di p o we b l i v e of M o rt im r d f nc i n a no v l bu t ff ct iv
. s ses, e e ,
e
’
s e e e e e e e

I n Col 8 w d al wi th a v ar iat ion p l ay d by R

. e e n th e o se

London Con gres of 8 8 3 ( ill u trat iv gam ) bu t we fi s 1 see s e es ,

th l in
e of p l ay ado pt d :by Wh it w h o ou ght t o m ain t ain th p awn g ain d
er e e, e e .

Col 9 r pr n ts th pl a
.
y of ebo th id s n th i o p n in g a au th
e se e s e i s e ,
s

by th 5013s? m a t rs th irt y y ars ag

e
'
W h av m th m ain v ar iat ion om itt d th
s e e o . e e e e e

P— K R 3 on a h side a ab sol u t ly u l e c I f Wh it do s no t p l ay th at mov

s it e se ess . e e e,

b e,of ou r e al l th m o r a w ast e of t im fo r Bl a k t o att m pt it

c s ,
e e e c e .

Col 0 i a d f n . tri d by P aul sen an d C 1

1 s e e d al w ith th v ar iat ion
ce e ,
0 . 1 1 e s e

se cond p l ay r w h ic h we ou r lv e x p r im n t e d u p on i n th L ondon T o u r n am n t
,
se es e e e e e .

1 2 sh ow a d fenc of ou r own w h i h aft r

s e om trial s in V i nn a an d in A m e ri a
e ,
c ,
e s e e c ,

h o p d t o t abl ish a th o un d n ; bu t al th ou gh again st th o r d in ary l in of att

e es s e s o e ,
e e

w th ink th g am
e an b e m ad v n w fi nd w anno t re comm nd th am on
e e c e e e ,
e e c e e s e,

gr oun d s p o in t d ou t i n ou r no t e N o 2 9 e . .

I n Col 3 w e nd e avo r t o d mol

1 i h an a tt ac k w h
e ic h w ou r se l v favo r d in e s e es e

p ci ally th mov 7 P—Q4 w h i h w now

.

l ast m at h w ith Z uk rt t an d it i
c e or ,
s es e e e c e

t o on th gr oun d th at Bl ac k by b in g n abl d t o xc h an g hi K P ob t ain l ib

,
e ,
e e e e e s ,
s

a d v anc e P— Q4 .

I n Col 1 4 w e pr ese n t an ol d v ar iat ion favo r e d by A nd e r sse n as first p l ay e r

.
,

c essf ul l y ado pt e d again st v ariou s o pp on e n t s un t il h e p l ay e d it ag ain st th e au th

V ie nn a T ou rn am e n t of 1 8 7 3 T h e l as t six mov e s of Bl ack w e r e sy st e m at ic ally

.

th e princ ip l e th at as th e r e w as no imm e di at e K in g s sid e att ac k t o b e fe ar e d

’

, ,

n ot bound t o h u rry w ith th e d e v e lo p m e n t of his p ie c e s an d e sp e c ially Bl ac k s

’
,

was c on si d e r e d a v e n t u r e acco r din g t o th e ol d no t ion s of r ap idly b rin g in g o u t

,

T h e obj ec t of th is mov e was h ow e v e r t o b r in g th at K t i n t o ac t ion a t Q 5 by , ,

an d Q B3 an d th is m an oeuv r e h as sin c e b ee n fully appr ov e d O f by an aly st s

,

in prac t ic e by th e str on g est p l ay e rs th ou gh an o pp o rt un ityt o p l ay th is d ef e ,

cu rs as th e stron ge st p l ay e rs agree now in con se q u e nc e of the e x am p l e

, ,

th at 6 B XKt is d isadv an t ageou s fo r Wh ite .

Column s 1 5 t o 1 8 in c lu siv e mi gh t occu r by a tr an sp o sit ion of mo v es ,

Kn ight s G am e We do no t th ink m u c h of the attac k by 5

’
.

Bl ac k i n an sw e r r e p li es 5 B— B4 a m ov e w h ic h b r in g s h im in t o . .
,

Col . w e fi nd no mo r e th an an e v e n g am e at th e u t mo st i n th e e
T he fac t th at Wh it e h as adv anc e d th e KBP an d h as l e ft se v e r al p o ,

Bl ack in th e c en tre will t e l l ag ain st h im i n the e nd in g an d he has no c h an c e

, ,

in g any great im pr ov e m e n t i n th e m iddl e g am e We v ery sl ight ly pr e fe r Bl a .

fo r pr ac t ic al p u rp o se s th ou gh th e o re t ic ally we c an m ak e i t no mo r e th an e v e n
,
.

re pr esen t s an att ac k w h ic h t end s t o comb in e a so rt of Fo u r Kn ight s G ’

th e R uy L o p e z I t was fo r a sh o rt t im e i n favo r w ith fi rst cl ass p l ay er s un t il

.
-
,

di spr o v e d i t in prac tic e w ith th e l in e of p l ay w h ic h we q u o t e .

I n Col 1 9 th e att ack p u rsu es th e p l an of allow in g th e K P to

.

co v e r th e P l at e r on T h ou gh Wh it e ac com p l ish es th at O bj ec t h
.
,

u p an d Bl ac k fo r m s a m aj o rity of p awn s on the Q w in g w h ic h

, ,

ou ght t o b e i n his favo r I n th e t wo n e x t c ol umn s th e Q P is .

bu t th ou gh th e b al an c e of m at e rial is
an e v e n g am e ; an d i f as in Col 2 ,
.

all ow s B
 T HE R UY L OPE Z .

I n Co l m o v e 5 Q—K z i f d efend e d by 5
. 22 the ,
P—Q 3 sh ow s a lo ss of t im e fo r
. .
,

Wh i te i f the att ack pr oc ee d on the Giuoco Pi ano pr inci p l e an d we do no t th ink th at any ,

o th er lin e of attack is m o r e pr omi sin g .

I n C013 2 3 an d 2 4 d e fenc es w h ic h h av e b een h i th e rt o r e com m e nd e d an d prac t i se d

.

by m asters are we b e l i e v e sh own t o b e i nfe r io r

, , .

C 0 18 2 5 t o .
3 0 d e al wi t h th e d e fe nc e of th e B e r l in s c h ool 3 K t— K B 3 b e fo r e , . .

p l ayin g P— Q R 3 o r wi th ou t th ,
e l at t e r r e cou r se al t o g e th e r E xc e pt in g i n th e m iddl e .

column s w h i c h are g i v e n as e x am p l e s of h ow t o u t ili z e a w e ak m ov e o n the p art of the

,

d efenc e the first p l ay e r do es no t g ain any p er c e pt ibl e ad v an t ag e i n p o si t ion

Kt—Q s of w h ic h we c anno t
.
,

C0 13 3 1 t o 3 6 incl u si v e d eal wi th Bi r d s d e fenc e 3

’
. .
, ,

a g oo d accoun t T h e r e are som e od d con t inu at ion s w h i c h M r Bi r d p l ay e d

. .

conn ec t ion wi th h is fav o ri t e d e fe nc e bu t th ou gh he has p l ay e d th e m wi th gre at skill ,

d som et im es wi th succ ess i t do es no t al t e r the pri nci p l e th at Bl ack c anno t aff o r d to

,

o n e of h is c e n t r e p awn s to b e doubl e d All ou r e x am p l es are tr e at e d i n q ui t e a

.

m ann er fr om som e p oin t m o r e o r l e ss e ar ly .

C013 3 7 to 4 2 t r eat th e unu su al d e fe nc es 3

. Kt—K z o r 3 P— KKt 3 an d fi n
. .
, . .
,

3 . P— K . B 4 A g a in st th e t wo
. fi rst n am e d m o v es th e G i uoco P iano attack by 4 P
-
,

is as u su al i n t h i s o p e nin g, th e m o st e ff e c t i v e o n e
,
Fo r n ei th e r of th ese v ariat ion s .

mo r e di rec t att ack o f 4 P— Q 4 of m uc h use as we sh ow i n e i th e r ou r tabl e s o r ,

Ag ain st 3 P— KB4 we g i v e an atte m p t at a di r ec t Kin g s si d e at tack b ase d on a

’
. .

of t wo p awn s w h i c h we b eli e v e ou ght t o b e succ essful on accoun t of the n e ar

,

analo gy of the p o si t ion t o the Dani sh G amb i t B u t th e l in e of p l ay i ndic ate d i n o ur . .

no tes viz
,
p l ayin g the QKt via Q 2 t o K t 3 in o r d e r t o r e cov e r the P is q ui t e g ood
.
, , ,

enou gh As the d efenc e 3

. P—KB4 is v ery rarely ado p te d we h av e no t g i v e n i t muc h
. .
,

analysi s .
 T HE RU Y L OPE Z .

Dfn e e ce C 015 . 1 and 2 .

nd Dfe ence
K t— B 3
.
C O 13 3 . to 8 .

Kt— B 3
C 0 15 . 25 to 29 .

P—Q 4
K t— B 3
Col .
30 .

1 D fn
e e ce Col s .
9 to 24 .

th Dfn
e e ce (3015 3 1 . to 36 .

Dfn e e ce C 0 15 3 7 to 3 8
K K t— K 2
. .

Dfn
e e ce C O 15 3 9 to 40
. .

Col .

B— B4

Col .
42 .

P— KB4
6 TH E RUY L OPE Z .

1
39 -
93 1

P— B
4P — R i
P— “

Q‘I P XP
sB P x P BB x P
K t )( P P —Q4
6P t BP x P
—
Q R 5 ch P >< P P
K — K2 7B—Q z P xP !

B— K t5 ch F— OS P xP
a H BP
.

K — B3 )t ~
OK t— K 2 Q4 !
-
t
i U
J 1

KB t B >< B ch P xP P — K5
9P x B 9Q x B 9Kt xP 9K t—K5
.

P xP K t —B 3 —
Q K t3 —
Q K t3
1[I Q lfl Kt— Bs l fl Kt B3 I UK t— K ts
1 B — B4 ? E xB ch 10
1101 333 11Q X B
.

1I Q— K z ch .

K— Q sq P ~

QR 3
12 12Kt —K Kt5 1t
.

R—K sq D Kt t ?
13 13Kt >< P 13Kt
.

ch .
—B
3

ox x w r
14 14t 14Q
and Win s . 9

Col mn u 1 . Mov e I I . .
—R 3
B . Col mn 4 Mov
u . e 12 R —K s
q .

B LA CK . B LA CK .

WH I T E .
\V H I T E .
 T HE R UY L OPE Z .

P — K4 KK t— B 3

1UT

K t— B 2 + 19 Pt
B xP

B xP eh .
+

Col mn
u 10 . Mov e 9 . P —Q B 3 . Col mn u Mov e 10 . B — K3 .

B LA CK . B LA CK .

WHI T E . WH I T E .
 T HE R U Y LOP E Z .

Col 7 —Whit d r not ap t r th P on a o nt of 5 P—Q B3 follow d by Q—R 4 h wi

. . e a e c u e e , cc u . . e c .
, n .

nin g a p i B t h obta in by th mov w r omm nd an atta k l ik th at i th T w

ec e . u e s, e e e ec e , c e n e o

K igh t D f n with th adv anta g of a mo v ah ad

n s
’
e e ce , e e e e .

Col 7 —O P — B 3 ; 6 K t—B 3 6 K t—Kt 3 7 P—K R 4 7 P—K R 4 ; 8 P— 4 8 B Kr

Q s; 9 P
. . r .
,
-
, ,

xP , 9 K tx P ; to —
Q Q4 + .

Col .
7 .
—
If —O5 ; K t x P eh ; 11 —
Q R 5 eh .
,
11 K—Qz ; 12 Kt t, 1 2 P t ; 13 E xP, 13 .

1 4 K— q , 1 4 K t ; 1 5Q
— B 5 e h ,
1
5 K— .
Q3; 1 6 Q— K 6 eh , 1 6 K — B4; 71 B — K3 e h , 1 7 K . .
.

Kt4 ; ( r 1 7 o
K — K t 5 ; 1 8 B —Q z eh , 1 8 K — B4 ; 1 9 E x P ,
. . i s)1 8 B —B4 eh , 1 8 K— R s; . and w n .

( — R B — Q h B — K Q P h — and w n
o r 4 ; 1 9 z c ,
1 9 t 5; 2 0 x c , i s ) 9 Qx , 9
1 P 1 P B3 ; 20 . .

P— Kt3 c h , 2 0 K—K ts; 2 1 B—Qz eh , 2 1 K—R 6; 2 2 B—B sq eh , 2 2 K—K t ; 2 P —R ae Mt

.
5 3 3 . . .
.

Col 8 — I t wo ld not d o to play 5 B t 5 QP xB ; 6 Ktx P on a o nt of 6 Q—Q5 (b tt r

. . u , , cc u . . e e

th an 6 E XP 7 B — K 3 7 Qt
.
; 8 P — .
Q4 8 Q xKP ; 9 P x B 9 Q t P ; w ith a p aw , , , n

ah ad and a fi atta k
e ne c .

Col 8 — Bla k wo ld g t a bad g am aft r 7 P xP ; 8 P X P 8 B—Kt3 ; 9 P—K5 9 Kt

. . c u e e e 1 . . 1 ,
1 1 ,
1

Q4 ( o r 9 K t— K s; P —
Q5 t ,) K t—1B 3 K t t ; P t thr at ni g B —X ts t 20 e c . 20 ,
20 21 , e e n , e c.

Col 8 —Fo r onti ation ill tr ativ g am b tw n th a th o r and M R o nthal

. . c nu see us e e e ee e u r
. se .

Col 9 — O prin ip l thi o gh t to b di adv antag o

. . n it d riv th B w h r h want t g
c e s u e s e us, as es e e e e s o o.

Col 9 —Whit wo ld g ain nothin g by 4 B t 4 QP X B ; 5 KtxP 5 Q—Q5 t

. . e u , , , e c .

Col 9 — U p t t hi p oint th mo v
. . from two mat h g am b tw n And r n (Whit ) d
o s e e s are c es e ee e sse e an

Mo rph y (Bla k ) T h fo r m r p lay d h r 9 P— KR 3 and th latt r al o r pl i d 9 P—KR 3 W

c . e e e e e , e e s e e . e

con id r both th mov

s le ese es use e ss .

C I 9 —If 9
O QB—
. K t5 ; P —K R 3 B t ; (o r B— R 4 ; P — KK t 4 B— K K t3 ; 10 ro 10 11 11

—
. .
, . .
,

R —K Q w it h th b tt r g am
‘

12
Qx B O O ; K t 11 ,
11 - 12 2, e e e e .

Col . 10 .
—A dfn e e ce u nd rtak n by Pa l n a g ain t And
e e u se s e sse r n .

Col — I f 6 P — 4,
.
Q 10 . 6 K txP ; 7 K t t (o r 7 K tx P , , , 7 Kt ; 8 R Pt ,
8 —
Q K2 + ) 7 Pt ;
8 Q xP , 8 P—QB4 ; 9 —
Q K 5 eh .
, 9 Q
— Kz ; 1O ,
Q )( Q ch .
,
10 Kt + .

Col . 10 .
—Or 6 , . . B—B4 , 7 K t xP , etc .
— O r, 6 . . K t— B3 ; 7 Kt— K t 5, e tc .

Col . 10 .
—I f 7 . . P — K R 3 ; 8 P — QR 4 , 8 K t— B3 ; 9 Q K2 + -
.

Col . 10 .
— Or 9 , . . P —K B3 ; 10 Kt— K R 3 , e tc .

Col — Sh o ld Bla k tr y to r li v h i KK t by
. 11 .
P —KB 4 ; th b t an w
u c e e e s I O . . e es s e r is 11 P —B3 ,
for if Bla k x h an g Pawn and R ook th gam i till mo r i Whit favo r
c e c e s s e e s s e n e s
’
.

Col T hi atta k h
. 12 b n inv ariably p lay d by th opp on nt of th a th o r wh (i th
.
-
s c as ee e e e s e u , o . e .
, e

a tho r) fo r a lon g tim favo r d th d f n in itiat d by th pr vio mo v i 4 KK t— K

u ,
e e e e e ce e e e us e, v z .
, . . z .

B t w b l i v th at Wh it Will g t th b t of th p o ition by mana g in g th

u e e e e atta k th Gi o e e e es e s e c on e u co

Piano prin ip l w h i h w r omm nd i all v a riation i w hi h Bla k KB i onfi n d H o ght

c e, c e ec e n s n c c
’
s s c e . e u

to pro d with 5 P — B3 5 P—Q3 ; 6 P —Q4 6 B — Q ; 7 B —B t

c ee , ,
2 2, e c .

Col — T hr at nin g t wi a p i by P —B4 follow d by P —B5

. 12 . e e o n ec e , e .

CO ] — M h b tt r th an
. 12 9 P.
—Q B 4 w hi h l a v th Q
uc P w ak e e . .
,
c e es e e .

3
I O T HE R U Y L OP E Z .

B -
R4
Kt

13
Q3P—
5P—Q 3
P — B3 Bt ch

6P— K Kt3 3 3 6P >< B

.

P — Q4 ? 3 4 P— K R 3
7P—Q Kt4 7P K t3
l
-

B— B2 K t— B 3
BP x P 35 8P -
B4

P xP B— K3
P — Q4 9R —Q Kt sq .

P —K 5
f P — QK t3
1UK t— K5 1UB — K Kt z

O—O Q —
Qz
11B—KKt5 11P— K R 3
P — KK t4
12Kt— K t sq .

O —
O -
O
13K t— K z

K t— K z
14Kt —B3 36

Col mn
u 16 . Mov e 11 . R — K sq . Col mn
u 18 . Mov 3
e 1 .

B LA CK . B LA CK .

W HI T E . WH I T E .
 T HE RUY L OP E Z . 11

C 01 . 13 .
—I n
mat h by o rr p ond n b tw n Pari and Vi nna th latt r p lay d h r 6
th e c c es e ce e ee s e , e e e e e, .

B —K ; and th g am ontin d 7 QKt— Q 7 0— 0 ; 8 Kt— B q 8 K t—Q ; 9 B K3 9 P

z e e c ue 2, s .
, 2 -
,

B4 ; P xP R xP ; 10 B— Kt 3 h K— R q ; P—K R 4, W on id r th i d f n
10 11 e .
,
11 s . 12 . e c s e s e e c e as

g ood any oth r i th i o p n in g b t w wo ld d id dly giv th pr f r

as t 8 e K —K q ; n s e , u e u ec e e e e e en ce o . . t s .

in t ad f 8
s e Kt— Q O . . z .

Col 3 —A al w pr f r QKt—Q follow d by Kt—B q and Kt—K3

. 1 . s u su ,
e e e 2, e s . .

Col 3 — I th L ndon to rnam nt ( 883 ) o rr d h r b tw n th a tho r (Whit ) and Mr

. 1 . n e o u e 1 cc u e e e e ee e u e .

Z uk ertort, 8 .
Q B — Ktz
.
; 9 P — Q5 9
, K t— K z ; 10 P — QR 4 , 10 P xP ; 11 E xP eh .
, 11 K t—Q z ;
12 P— K R 4 .o W t lt mat ly lo t g am by w ak p lay w h av no do bt th at h
T h ugh hi e u i e s th e e e , e e u e h as
th e su e p rio r p o ition at th i j un ct r ow in g to th w akn of Bla k QR P and QE F
s s u e, e e ess c
’
s .

Col 4 — Bla k thr at n now Kt— Q5 and h alto g th r th p rio r g am T h abo v mov
. 1 . c e e s ,
as e e e su e e . e e es

o rr d fir t i a g am b tw n P rof A nd r n (Whit ) and th a th o r i th Vi na to rnam nt

cc u e s n e e ee . e sse e e u n e en u e

of 8 73 1 .

Col . ariation i a rriv d at by a tr an p o ition of mo v i th Fo r Knight Gam

15 —T h is v. s e s s es n e u s
’
e .

Col 5 Som a th o r r omm nd 6 P—Q3 6 P— QKt4 ; 7 B — K t3 7 P — Q3 ; 8 P— KR 3 ? W

. 1 -
e u s ec e , , e

th ink t h r no obj tion to t hi l in of play x p tin g th at w wo ld b tit t 8 Kt— K T h

e e IS ec s e ,
e ce e u su s u e z . e

mo v w advo at i n ar y if Whit want to o p n th g am by P— Q4 H annot w ll do

e e c e s ec ess ,
e s e e e . e c e so

at pr nt fo r aft r 6 P— Q4 6 P xP ; 7 KtxP 7 K t t ; 8 Q XKt 8 P—QKt4 Bla k will wi a

ese , e , , , , c n
pi in
ece , s if 9 B — K t3 9 P— QB 4 follow d by P — B 5 t
ce , , e , e c .

Col 5 —I f. 1 P—B4 ; .
Q — B 4 0 — 0 ;11 3 P —; QR 4 t
. . 12 ,
12 1 , e c .

Col . I 7 —A . dan g ro mov to d al w ith ie us e e n pr ac tic al p lay .

Col . 17 .
—I f 6 . . E xP ; 7 K x B , 7 Kt
ch . t ; 8 P —Q4 , 8 K Kt- Kt s eh ; ( r 8 . o . .
QK t—Kt s
ch .
; 9 K — K t sq .
, 9 P — Q K t 4 ; 1 0 B —K t 3, 10 P — Q3 ; 11 P 9 K — K t sq .
, 9
—
Q R5 ;
P —K K t 3 , 1 0 or —OKt 3 K— Kt z )
.

10 —
Q B3 Q ; 11 — K2
, 11 Kt— B6 eh ; ( .
; 12 12 K
Kt 2, 12 QK t P ; 1 3 K t— Q 5 + .

Col . B tt th an 7 B — K t 5 8 P t 8 KtxP 9 Q— Q4 9 Kt t ; P t
7I— e er . B —K . .
, ,
10 , 10

2 fo r if Bla k a tl th r follow B — R 6 t
1 1 Q— KK t c c s e, e e s ,
e c .

Col 7 Not 3 P QKt 4 ; to whi h Wh it wo ld

— I — ff t ally r p ly 4 QR 4 N w th
1 P — c e u e ec u e 1 o e

p o iti on
. . .
. .

s v n alth o gh by any oth r mov th an 9

s are e Kt —B 5 Bla k g t th
e ,
wo r t f th u e e . . , c e s e s O e

g am pro v d i an analy i by P r of B rg r w hi h w
e , as quot d i S al i li wo rk and w hi h
e n s s . e e , c e see e n v o
’
s , c

w b li v a pp a r d fi r t i th S fi fi
’

e e e e t g e e s n e c ac z a nn .

Col 8 — I f Kt—Kt 3
. 1 . 10 ,
10 K t—Kt 3 11 Kt ,
11 P —Q3 +
Col 8 — T hi v ariation o
. 1 . s cc u rr ed b tw n Bl a kb
e ee c urn e (Wh it e) and Z uk ertort in the P ari to urn a s

m nt of 8 78
e 1
12 T HE R UY L OP E Z .

4K t —B
3

I
I

Col mn
u 23 . Mov e 10 K t— R 4 . Col mn u 24 . Mov e 10 Q — K4 .

B LA CK . B LA CK .

W HI T E .
WHI T E .
 T HE RU Y L O PE Z . 13

C 01 . 1 9 .
—I f 6 . . P x P ; 7 R — K sq , 7 P K B4 ; .
— (7 P— Q4 I S O bvmusl y
. rse , as
. h i e e ua l wo W t q ly
rep lies K txP and m ,
us w in t ap
iece u i e lt mat ly by P —KB 3 ) 8 Kt x P , 8 K tX Kt ; 9 Q t + S al .

v ioli al so p oints o ut the ma in play of th follow n atta k e i g c , if in l ieu o f th e e ve c p 6 t xt mo Bla k lay

. P — Q4 ;
7 K t x P , 7 B Q ;z 8?iK t x P
v z,
8 K t ; 9 Q
—. R:
5 eh , 9
K — K 3; l o K t— B3 , 1 0 — .

Kt t; ( r 1 0 Kt— K z ; 1 1 Kt o t, 1 1 E x B ;—if. K t the \ answe r B—Kt3 eh ,

.
e . follow d by
Q — B 5 c h r K t5 c h e s — 1 2 K .t— oB 5 e h , 1 2 K — Q3 ; 1 3 K tx P ch . mat
i s) 1 1 P t , 1 1 P
. . and w n
KKt3 ; 1 2 R — K sq eh , 1 2 K — B z ; ( r K — B3; 3 Q Q ,
1 x P . 1 3 Q xQ
. P e h , 1 3 K — Ktz ; o . .

1 4 QB— K t5, 1 4 Q— B sq l ; 1 5 B —Q Kt3 , 1 5 B — K sq ; 1 6 R —K7 c h i s . . and w n

. .

Col 9 — S h o ld W hit att mp t 7 KtxP th b t an w r i

. 1 . u e e 8 Ktx , e es s e s . . Kt t (not
Kt follow d by R — K q 8 P t 8 Kt—B4; 9 B Kt3 9 Kt ; R P t
e s . B—K t t , 10 , 10 z, e c .

C 1 — T h i 1i p lay d h P — QR 4 a g ain t R o nth al i n th London to r am nt

sc or n e ere s se e u n
O 9 . .
g e .

Col 9 — W on id r thi mov w h i h w fir t ado p t d by And r n b t fo r it r m o a

. 1 . e c s e s e, c as s e e sse ,
as es , e ves

loo p i into rity and o p n th adv an of P —QB3 ( v nt ally b t only i r ar a P

se ec e se c u e s e ce , e e u , u n e c se s,

Q 4B m igh t b v nt r d fo r Bla k I f 8 eB —K 3; S l i l i reigh tly r omm

u e nd 9 P — QB 3 and c . . .
; av o ec e s ,

w fi nd t h at th i tr on g mo v m igh t l ad to th f ll w m g ontin ation 9

e s s B— K ; B— B e e e o o c u , . z 10 z , 10

?
.

4 K
Kt — K — K — K K — K — —
B 4; t Q4 t P
x ; 11P B 4 t B 5; 3 t B 6 3 Q Q3 ; 4 K t
1 1 12 12 1 1 1 1
—
, , , ,

t P — B B — B b t 6 P Q K t 6 K t— K Q —
Q P —K B 3 ; 8 P QR 4
—Q
; 5 5 5 1 q ; 3 t
,3 ; 7 1 4 7 s . es 1 , 1 1 , 1 1 -
,

18 P xP ; 19 B — QR 3, 19 QKt z ; 20 P—OKt4 , 20 Kt—Ktz ; 21 R —K sq . ch 21 K— Q sq ; , 22

R — K6and w n i s .

Col 9 —T hr at n in g
. 1 . e e R t ,
follow d by B xP e eh .
,
and m uc h s tr on g e r , we think th an ,
B—K 3 .

I f 9 K t— K t5, 9 K t t; 10 Bt ,
1 0 P —Q 3;
B 1 1 P —QR 4 , 11 B — K3 ; 12 P xP , 12 R P xP ; 13

R X R , 1 3 Q X R ; 1 4 P — QB 3 , 1 4 P — K R 3 , w e s igh pre e r l tly f Bla k c .

Col . 1
9
— N
. on e of th mov of th e es e B ati fa to r y i
are s opin ion th B not onl y o gh t t b
s c n o ur ,
as e u o e

reserved bu t o gh t to b k p t i
u e e n c omm n i ation with bo th w in g I f fo r in tan 9 B — Kt5
u c s s ce ,

KKt4 f l
.
, , .

10 P— K R 3 , 10 B —R 4 ; (1 0 .
Qx B i b
11vio ly wo r fo r Bla k ) P — s O us se c 11 , o

low d by Kt—R 4 and

e P — K B4 .

Col 9 — W on id r thi b tt r th an Kt
. 1 . e c s e s e e .

Col 9 —Follow d by Kt—QB and B—K3

. 1 . e 2 .

Col . 20 .
—5 .
QKtxP is obvio ly d i ad v anta g o
us s e us, as Whit e r ep lies 6 Kt t, 6 P t ; 7 P — K5,
7 K t— K5; 8 QX ,
P 8 K t—B 4; 9 B—Kt3 , 9 Kt ; 10 R Pt , 10 B —Kz ; 11 B — B4 it th e w h
su ep rio r g am e .

Col .
7 Kt
20 t e. s -
r nsp si i
. ves to th e p si i in o ur s
. l ad by a t a
e If 7 o t on of mo o t on la t not . .

Kt— B4 ; 8 K t—B 5, 8 O — O ! ; ( r 8 Kt ; 9 K t X P eh , 9
K — B s
q ; 1 0 B— R 6, 1 0o K — K t . . ? . .

sq ; 1 1 K t —B s, 1 1 K t
. P ; 1 2 R — K sq , 1 2 P — Q3 ; ( r 1 2 P—K B3 ; 1 3 Q— Q5 13 R . o . .

t i s)9and w n
B t , 9 K t B ; 1 0 K t eh ,
1 0 Q t ; 1 1 P — K B4 hi e h as s igh l . . W t l ty
th e b tt r g am
e e e .

Col . 20 .
—O r 11 P xB, 11 QKtxP , w1 th th e su p erio r d v lop m nte e e .

Col . 21 .
—
T his v a riation i f om S s r al vio li ,
w ith wh om we a gr ee th at th e atta k c h as p assed o ver to
Bla k c
’
s si e d .

Col . 22 .
—
White h avin g mov d e 5Q— K 2 w as a lo ss O f tim and Bla k la t mov n
e, c
’
s s e eu t r aliz es th e
atta k fo r h c , e thre at n now P—Q4
e s , e tc .

Col . 23 .
—T o pro vide a g ain st th e adv e se r advan of ce P —Q R 4 . If 6 B—B4 ; 7 P —Q R 4 , 7
. .
QR
— Kt s
q ; 8 P xP , 8 P x P ; 9
.
Q Kt— B3 , 9 P -
Q3 ; 10 QKt xP , 10 Q B —KK t5 ; 1 1 B—R 4+ .

Col . 23 Bla k h a w ak Spot at KB4 B—B

.
-
c as e . sq . is n ow of littl e use , as Whit an w e s e sr K— R
sq .
, follow d by P — K K t3 and P — KB4 And if
e . 10 . . P —KKt3 ; 11 B — R 6, 11 R — K sq .
; 12
P—KKt3 , 12 Q Kt—R4; 1 3 B—B z , 13 P —QKts; 14 Kt—Q z , w ith th e su p erio r g am e .

c o1 . 24 .
—O r 7 . .
Q R —K t sq ; s P X P , 8 P X P ; 9 .
Q K t— B 3. 9 P — K ts; to K t— Os+

Col . 24 .
—I f 8 . . P — Q3 ; 9 Q — B 4 and w in s .
14 T HE R UY L OP E Z .

25
0— 0
4K t x P
P _Q4
B— K2 5P — Q R 3
— Kz Bt
Q
K t— Q3
6QP xB
Bt R — K sq
7K t B 64 K t— Q3

Px P Kt x P
BKt —Kt2 B -
K2

K t— —
K2
Q4 Q
O— O 9B— K3
R— Q sq P— Q B3
I UQ— K 1UK t— B4
.

s
q . 65

K t— QB 3 Q K t— 2
Q

Col . 28 . Mov e 12 .
—
Q R6
. P— Q5
.

B LA CK . B LA CK .

WH I T E .
1 6 T HE R UY L OP E Z .

K—K z wins 8 7

Col mn
u 35
. Mov e 11 .
—
Q B5
. Col mn
u 36
. Mov 8
e . P —Q4 .

B LA CK . B LA CK .

W HI T E .
 T HE RUY LOPE Z . 17

Col .
31 .
-
I f 6 B—B4, 6 K t—B3 7 P —Q3 , 7 P — Q4 ; 8 P x P , 8 K tx P ; 9 K t —Q 2 , 9 B —Kz ; 10

K t— K4 , ( or 10 Kt—B3 , 10 Kt—Kt3 ; 1 0 0 —0 e e e v n g am .

Col 3 —O . B—B4 ; 7 P —Q3

1 . r .
, 7 K t— Kz (7 . . K t— B 3 8 P — K 5, 8 K t—Q4 ; 9 B—K t3
l ad to a imilar li f p lay a i
e s s ne o s n th e main a riation v in fav o r of W t h i e )8 Q—R 5, 8 P —Q4 ; 9
Kt—Q 2 +

Col 3 I t wo ld t b g o d p lay to adv an P—K5 at on

1 -
u Bl a k aft r K t—K5 thr at n t
no e o ce c e as c e e e s o

atta k th B by Kt—QB4 N i 7 P —QB3 7 P—Q4 ; 8 P — K5 8 K t—Q 9 P X P 9 Q— Kt3 ;

. .

c e . or s , ,
z ,

favo r abl fo r Whit w h o annot ppo rt th QP by Q— KKt4 on a o nt of Kt P

e e c su e 10 cc u 10 .

Col 3 —I f 7 B—K 8 P —K 5 8 Kt— Q4 9 Q— Kt4 +

. 1 . . . z ,

Col .
32 .
—T he re is nothi g b tt r 3 9 K—K
n e B—K t5 h
e . K—Q3 ; (o r K t— B
. . z 10 c 10 10 . .

3 11 P —K 5) 1 1 Q — B 7 and win fo r if K t— K B t h and mat

s n xt mov 11 . z 12 c . es e e .

Col .
32 .
—T h is v a iation
r rr d i th London to rnam nt of 8 8 3 b tw n E n g l i h and
O c cu e n e u e 1 e ee sc

Winower .

Col .
33 .
- If 8 . . Kt —Kt5 9 P
—K R 3 , 9 Kt P 10 R —K sq . +

Col .
34 —Or 9 . . . Kt —Kt5 10 P —K R 3 ,
10 Kt—R 3 11 P —QB3 ,
1 1 P xP 12 P xP +

Col 35 — T his lo ses soon by an in g e n io us pr o c e ss

. . . B ut e ve n aft e r7 . . Kt—B 3 8 Bt ,
8 PXB

9 P — KB4 w e pr efe r White , .

Col 35 T his v ariation is the inve ntion of M r G

. .
- . . E . Barbi r and i e ,
s g ive n in L ip sch iitz
’
e d ition of

Go ssip s M anual ’
.

Col 36 —T h a rifi of th P i not o nd b t it l ad to int r tin g p lay

. . e s c ce e s s u , u e s e es .

Col 36 —I a g am b tw n Ma k n i and Bird i th London to rnam nt f 88 3 th fo m

n e e ee c e z e n e u e o 1 e r er

P— —
. . ,

p lay d h r 9 P—Q3 and th g am pro d d 9

e e e Q 4;
R 0 0 R —Re3 P X P e cee e . . 10 ,
10 1 1 ,

11 R — KKt3 w ith a tr on g atta k I t h o ld b not d th at 9 X 9

i if Ps P K t— B3 Bt
c s u e ce 10 10

—
,

0—0
.

PXB R —K q ; 11 Q — Kt 3 B R 3,; wit h an

11 x l l t atta sk . 12 , 12 e ce en c .
18 T HE R UY L OP E Z .

37 39
3KK t— K 2 90 3P -
KK t3

P — B3 91 P _ QB 3 P _ Q4
4P— Q4 4P — Q3 B — K tz 4P x P
P
K tx P — Q4 P —Q4 K tx P
5P x P B— Q 2 5P x P B —K t2
~

—
Q K2 92 K B — Q B4 P >< P
BQ — Q4 8K t— R 4 95 6QKt— K 2 97 BK t -
~
B3

Kt t B— Q3 0— 0 K t— B 3
7Kt t 93 Kt K t3 7P— QB3 O— O

P — Q4 B— B4 O—O
BB — K B4 P — K t3 BP —Q4 BK — K2
Kt— Q z P — Q K t4 P xP
O— O— O 9K t— K tz n P 9P — Q4
Kt —B4 B— R 6 B — K t5 ch PX P
1u 1U QR — K t 1[lB— Q 1[lQKtX P
.

B — K t3 94 sq . z 98

B — K B4 + P— QR 4 + 96 E xB eh Kt t
11 11 11Q >< B 11K t>< K t
.

K t— K 5 + 9 9 Bt

P— B 3

Col m n 4
u 1 . M ov e 7 . P —QR 4 . Col mn 4u 2 .
—
Q K t3 .

B LA CK . B LA CK .

\V H I T E . WHI T E .
 T HE RUY LOPE Z .

Col . d f n ado p t d by Stein it a g ai t Bl a kb

37
— A . e e i th V i na to r nam nt of 8 7 3
se e z ns c urn e n e en u e 1 .

Col 37
—.W on id r t hi t r on
. g r t h an th on tin at
e c ion 4 P — Q4 4 P X P 5 Kt x P 5 K tx Kt 6
s e s s e e c u , ,

Q t 6 K t— B —
3 7 Q Q5 7 ,
B — K 8 K t — B 3 8 O O ( t 8 B — B3 p lay d by S t i it ,
2 ,
-
, n0 . . as e e n z

i th ab v nam d g am
n e (S ill t r ati
ov g am e )9 B — Q 9Q — K q follow
e d by P —O 3 w ith an e. ee us e es z , s . e

eve n g am e .

Col 3 7 — T h p o ition wo ld b id nti al w it h a ariation i th P i i o p nin g if now follo w d

e s u e e c v n e o n z an e e
—R 4
. .

6Q .
6 Q— Q4 ; e te

C Ol 3 7 Or 7. .
— . . Pt ; 8 B —B 4, 8 —
Q KB4 ; 9 0
—0 ( q l ly g ood e ua is 9 P -
Q4 ) follow ed by
P—KB 3 +

Col .
37 .
—
O i Co urse th e Bla k d c a e r not tak e th e B on a o nt of K t— Q6 cc u ch .

Col .
38 nothin g b tt r Whit th r at n K t—K t 5 o r Q—OKt3
.
—T he r e is e e as e e e s .

96 . Col .
3 8 — Bla k Kt i l and hi p o ition i m h r am p d oth rwi
. c
’
s s u se e ss s s s uc c e e se . If Bla k c no w p lay 11

. P—Q B4 ; Whit an w r B—K 3 follow d by Q Kt—Q e s e s e 2.

97 . C 01 .
39
—M r B arn es th e . o rig inato r of thi d f n
,
s e e ce , j ustly g ives this as Black ’
s b t mo v
es e in h is an al y
sis p ubl ish ed in B r ntano C/ M t/ ly
e
’
s zars on z .

98 . C 01 3 9 — O r
. . 10 . . K t—B 3 11 R —K sq . ch .
, 11 K t—Kz ; 12 B —Kt5 , 12 P —B3 ; 13 (QB—K B “
99 . C 01 3 9 .
—Blac k m u st e x c h an g e B fo r Kt and t h e n h e h as an isolate d P and a h ol e on h is K in g d
si e,

w l
hi e h is Q sid e is al so too m uch exp osed to allow h is c astlin g o n th a t sid e v e r y c omfo rtably
'

Col .
41 .
—H 4 . . KK t—K z ; 5 0—0 , 5 P Q 4, — ?6 K tx P , 6 Px
P ; 7 KtxP ! 7 Kt ; 8 Q .

R 5 eh .
,
8 Kt—K t3 9 Ox B + . T h is v ar i i at on o c cu rr e d b t
e w ee o n Golmay and St n t ei i z in t h eir ast l
mat h g am of 88 8 c e 1 .

Col 4 — T h ombination of th la t t hr mov of Bla k fo rm d Bod n favo rit d f n

. 1 . e c e s ee es c e e
’
s e e e se .

—
Col 4 A ft r 7 K t R 3 7 K t Q q ; Kt B4
—
.
— 1 8
.
— 8 K t — B e ; 9 K t— K 3 9 P — B3 ,
s .
,
z , 10

K t— B 5 Q — B q ; B —
Q3 P — K Kt
3 follow10 d by P — Q 3 p lay d i a g am
s b t 11 11 e as e n e e vvee n
’

Mo rph y and Low nth al] Bla k obtain an v g am T h mo v i th t xt obvio ly t hr at n

.
, ,

e , c s e en e . e e n e e us e e s

B x Kt follow d by P — R 5 e .

Col 4 I f 8 P Q3 ; 9 P R 5 9 B R (
— .
— 1 — . fo
- r if B X P t h n ob v
.
io ly P — Q5 w in
.
d if ,
z, , e us s an

9 . K t P
X ; B t .
R x B ; R t E x R ; Q — R 4 10h and w in ) ,
10 11 ,
11 12 c . s .

Col .
42
— Or 5
. B —Kt5 eh . .
; 6 P —B 3, 6 P X P 7 0 — 0 , 7 P X P 8 E XP w it h a stron g atta k c ,

or l e se follow d by and
6 Q K t— Q2 e ,
0— 0 K t— K t3 .

Col 4
—T h af t p.lan fo r mod
2 r.at p lay r wo ld b 7 Q
e s K t— Q follow d by K t
es
— K t3 and e e e s u e 2 e

R —K q Q B— K t5 r o v r i
sn g th P w it
.
h ,
th b tt
or r g am , ec e e e e e e .

Col 4 p o ition i im ila r to th at a ri in g i th Dan i h Gambit bu

2 t w th ink it i mo rs s s s n e s e s e

f m
. . ,

i Wh it th latt r o p n in g
’
n h e s av an e e e .

Col 4 O 9 Kt R 4 ; Q B3
— —
. 2 — .
if 9 P —rQ3 ; R — Q.q o r Kt —K t5. 10 , or . . 10 s .
,
.
20 T HE R UY L OP E Z .

P — K4

Bante ] ? r

G am e 2 . G am e 4 .

I nterna tiona l Chess

M ar h A p il d
c -
r o ub l M ay , 1 8 88 .

n um b e r , 1 88 8 .

ST E I NI T Z
Z U KE R T O R T ,
 T HE R U Y L OP E Z .
2,

Gol m ay o v . S t e i n itz .

Gam —4 P x P i al o g ood I t tr an p o th g am i to a p o ition ari in g i Philid d

e 1 . . . s s . s ses e e n s s n or s
’
c

f n Com p a r Col 3 p 48
e ce . e . 1 . 1

Gam —T h o gh thi r am p th ad v r pi
e 1 . Bla k obtain th i itiativ f an atta k a g a in t
u s c s e e se e c es, c s e n e o c s

th fi x d KP
e I f 6 P X P 6 P xP
e
(not K t x P ; on a o nt of 7 K t
.
t and if 7 Bx l i ; , ,
. cc u , . .

8 Kt P 8 Kt 9 Q
— R 5 7 B, Q 4
B t h n 7 K t— B q w it h th v i w f an w in g -
, e . . s . e e O s er
Kt— Q 3 a g ain t th atta k by K t—K t5 i th only o rr t p lay s e c s e c ec .

Bla k h vid ntl y th b t of th g am Fo r if W hit an w r P x P th P r tak w ith a f mid

c as e e e es e e . e s e e e es or

abl atta k e c .

Gam B — B q w it h th obj t f p lay in g K t— Q w

e 1 .
-
w beli v b tt r
s . e ec o Z as, e e e, e e .

Gam — T h b q nt loo p o ition of hi Q and B i fr a gh t w ith dan g r I

e 1 . e su se h a blo k d
ue se s s s u e . n suc c e

sit a tion fr dom fo r h i Q to r tr at t Q

u if n ee a r y h o ld h av b n r rv d d B righ t s e e o 2, ec ess , s u e ee ese e an ,

ba k t B q w th pro p r mo v
c o s . as e e e .

Game — N ar y f h i p lan of b r ak in g i at th gth mo v

1 . e c e ss or s e n e l e .

Gam — W h th r o r not h tak thi P Bla k btain a tr on g atta k by K t—QB4

e 1 . e e e es s , c O s s c .

Gam —Bla k thr at n d K t P follow d by B x Kt o r vi v r a

e 1 . c e e e e , ce e s .

Gam — I f Ox B P —B3
e 1 Q — B 4 P — OKt4 w in th Q at on
21 ,
21 22 ,
22 s e ce .

Gam — M h b tt r any how w Kt th o gh th Q o ld not b av d n th n if Bla k

e 1 . uc e e as , u e c u e s e , eve e , c

r pl i d R — K q
e e s .

Gam — Not o r t a R — K q t hr at nin g R — K3 and l a in g Whit w itho t r o r

e 1 . as c rec s s .
, e e , e v e u es u ce

R —Q q
.

Gam — A ft r 4
e 1 . W hit h a oth o ption th an t g iv p th Q f tw p i
e 2 . . s .
, e s no er o e u e or o ec es,

co mm m g w ith P x B
enc .

Gam —P )( B w til l hi b t p lan

e 1 . as s s es .

Gam Wh it h a lo t a R ook and y t annot av th Q I f 2 7 P—K5 7 R (R )—K follow d

e 1 -
e s s e c s e e .
, 2 2 2 e

P on c e v . S t e in itz .

Gam e 2. —
T his may be as safely p lay ed as KK t— K 2 , ado p t d i e n th e previo us g am e .

Gam e 2 Bla k b t an w r i 8 Q— B3
.
— I f 8 Q— Q4, c
’
s es s e s . . .

Gam e 2 mat pr p ar ation fo r th atta k w hi h l av th R n pr ot t d and b q ntly

.
— A pre ur e e e c c e es e u ec e , su se ue

a
c h im mba rr a m nt
uses I t w a fo r ma y p rp o
e b tt r t d v lo p Kt—B3 follow d by B
ss e . s n u ses e e o e e , e

Q and
2 t h ot h r R — K q e e s .
0

Gam Still Kt B 3 w pr f r abl

e 2 .
- -
as e e e .

Gam e 2 .w t m p ti g f aft r Q t R —K q ; 3 E xP h 3 K xB 4 as e n , or e 12 ,
12 s . 1 e .
, 1 1

Q — B 3 h 4 K — K t q ; Bla k h
e th
.
, p rio rity of p o ition B t if Wh it n w r d R t
1 s . c as e su e s . u e a s e e 12 ,

w pr f r hi g am aft r
e e e P—Q4 ; 3 R —K q s P
3 x B e 4 K t— R3 t e 12 . . 1 s .
,
1 1 , e c .

Gam —A lway a on id r abl om p n a tion fo r allow in g hi Pawn to b do bl d i th pr t

e 2
'

. s c s e e c e s s s e u e n e esen

and imilar o p nin g By om p lli g Whit to adv a th QKtP Bla k indi tl y btain
s e s . c e n e n ce e , c rec O s

gr at r ommand fo r h i KB w hi h a b a ily nma k d by r mo vin g th Kt t h at now blo k

e e c s ,
c c n e e s u s e e e c s

h i a tion
s c .

Gam — R ov rin g hi P b t bj tin g him lf t a irr i tibl atta k

e 2 . ec e s u su ec se o n es s e c .

Gam —T hr at nin g Q—R 4 at on

e 2 . o r aft r E xP h
e e ce, e c .

Gam —I f 4 Q x Q 4 R X R h ; 5 Q—B q 5 B xP h ; 6 K— B 6 B— Kt6 h ; and

e 2 . 2 ,
2 e . 2 s .
,
2 e . 2 z, 2 e .

wi fo r Whit m t w apt r th B h wo ld b mat d i tw mo v if h r tr t K

n s, e us no c u e e ,
as e u e e n o es e e ea

Kt q s .

Gam —T hi lo at on b t v n 6 Kt—Q wo ld t h av av d th g am
e 2 s se s a nt f ce, u e e 2 2 u no e s e e e on ccou o

—
.

26 B— B 3 7 R — K 8 7 E X P ; 8 R —
Q q 8 Q Q
2 B 7 ; and w in 2 2 s 2 s

—
. .
. .
, ,

G am 2 Obvio ly Bla k wi th Kt w by Q 4 ;
e .
— B h us i f 7 R — Q B q 7 B — K t7 c ns e no c . or 2 s .
, 2 .

A n d e rs s e n v . S uh l e .

Gam 3 — An d erssen g en er ally ado p t ed th i s e a rly e x c h an g e w hich h ow ev er we do n o t a ppr o v e of

e . , , , .

Gam e 3 —A h az ar do us v e ntur e now t h at Wh ite w il l b e soon r e ady to c astl e and t his al on e make s
. .
,

th e c o unt e r g amb it mo r e dan g e r o us th an in a sim ilar p o sition in th e Philid or d e fe n c e .

Game 3 —A spl endid move w hic h g ives him an irresistibl e att ack as it fo rces a break in Blac k s
.
,
’

c entr e soon e r o r la te r

Game 3 —S o far White h as admir ably c ond ucted his attack but we doubt th e po lic y of the sacrifi ce
.

.
,

Con tin ued on

p age
‘

22 T HE RU Y L OPE Z .

—G O L M AY O . w H tT E —
'

P O NCE .

VV H I T E — A ND R SS
E E N .
WHI T E — S TE I NI T Z .
 T HE R UY L OP E Z .

P — K4
1P_K,
G am e 5 . G am e 6 . G am e 7 .

I
’

nter z l Che s s
zfa t zon
a
g m ” 883 64 ’
f f fifiéiis
°

Ms

I GUNS
.

\
BE R G ST E I N I T Z SE LL M AN
S C H A LL O P I R OSE N T H AL S T E I NI T Z
;3
.

3Kt— Bs 3P— QR 3
P_
_
Q3 B— R 4
4K t— K2 $4 4B B4 -
KK t—K 2
P— B3 P— B3 P — Q4
5 5Q— Kz 66
5P X P
O —O K t xP
BKt -
K t3 0—0 6Kt t
55 P —
Q4 Q X Kt
7P— Q Kt4
r
7P—K R 4
-r IB —K t
3
B— K K t5 Bt 67 B— KG
I
f 8Q —Kt3 8K tP >< B 68
BP — Q3
Q —
A Kz -
Ktx P P—Q B3 80
9P _ 03 g—
“ g g4
s 56 a
P XP K tx P
I UQB _ KK t5 1 l lt — B
“
‘
f
p
P xP Kt —
K t4 —
Q KS
11O — O —O 11
D P—B4 K t— R 4
P xP ch Kt— B 2 B— B z
12K— K t 12B — R 3 l zK t— B
.

4 sq 57 ‘

OP
.

O 58 R — K sq _
Q B sq
13Q— R 3 13Q 13B— K
.
.

—R z
5
9
14B K5 60 P Q4 Kt— K B
Bt R — K5 69 P — K5 84
15P t 15P x P 1SP— Q4 8 5
B — K 5 ch —K
P >< P Q 3
l fix t 1BK t— Q lB
.

z P _ K K t4 86
Qt ch P —KK t3 70 B — K t3
1VE 17 17P — QB4
.

—
Q3 Q R6
Q— K4 R K sq 71 F — K B4 8 7
18 I BP—Q s
~

18QR — K
.

KR — K
“ “
sq s
.

q .

—
8 1 34 3 9 —
83 8
19P x P ! D 6 1 19 R — K3
19P x KB P
R — QB q 6 2 s K t— B3 BXP
ZUQ— Kt3 ZUKt— B 3 ZUKt— Q4
P — Q4 63 K t— K t4 B— R 6 8 9
ZI B — B5
K t —R 3
z1
g
22 —
R
Q
K sq
2
.

—Cont d
21
2
g
—I
é 7 ? 90

s
Gr

ig
a .

5 123 73
1 5 5

;2
SQ t 4 .

B— R 3 31P >< R 77 P xB 93
P —QK t4
253
BxB
25B 32P >< P B — Q4
2
1 2
: 1 t5 R—K sq 78 Q K t4 94
ZBB: SSR — 26P
.

K ta 72 K t3 c h —K R
.
4
B— K t3 —B
Q 5
Z7Kt —R
4 34R x B ch ! 79 27P— B 8 queenmg
K t— B 5 P xR R xQ
ZBK tx P 73 3EP — B 7 ch . D 28K t —K 7 ch .

Kt K xP K— B 2
29R >( K t 3BB l a k mat
c e s in 29K t
tw o mov es
 T HE R U Y L OP E Z . 25

G u n s b e rg v . S c h all o p p .

Gam 5 —T th i g am wa awar d d th b rill ian y pri i that to rnam nt

e . o s e s e e c ze n u e

Gam 5 — A d f n fir t ado p t d by Mo rtim r i th L ndon to rnam nt of 88 3 Sh o l d Whit

e e e ce s e e n e o u e 1 u e
ap t th KP h W ld lo a p i by th r p ly P— QB3 follow d by Q—R 4 h
. .

c ure e e ou se ec e e e , e c .

Gam 5 —T h i w ak n th K in g id and i th a of f t r t ro bl B t w b li v h o ld
e s e e s e
’
s s e s e c use u u e u e u e e e e e c u
aff o rd th at by pro p r b q nt play p ially Bla k h appa r ntly noth in g b tt r th an t
. .

e su se ue e s ec as c as e e e o
pp o hi K R P i th am way
,

O se s n e s e .

Gam 5 — Bla k W nt r on a bold and p irit d atta k w h i h i only j tifi d by th r lt b t

e c 11 0 e e s s e c c s us e e esu u
w b l i v i not analyt i ally o d
.
,

e e e e s c s un .

Gam 5 — All v r y l v r and r lativ ly o rr t h m t tand o r fall with th atta k wh i h h

e e c e e e e c ec as e us s e c c e
in itiat d at th o t f mat rial
.
,

h as e e c s O e .

Gam 5 — B t j t a l ittl pr a tion th p a rt of Wh it m ight h av t rn d a ff a ir B — K t3 atta ki g

e u us e ec u 011 e e e u e s, c n
a P and g ttin g a p i in to af ty w h i h tood loo board w l a rly th pro p r p l ay
.

e th ec e s e c s se on e as c e e e
T h mo v i th t xt w im p ly an rr o r and i tak n ad v anta g of by th o pp on nt W th gr a t
.

e e n e e as s e s e e e e 1 e
i g n ity
,

n e u

Gam 5 — A ft r th i h i g am b om rap i dly d i o rg ani d H till o ld h av mad h i d f n

.

e e s s e ec es s ze e s c u e e s e e ce
g ood by B — Q q
, .

s .

Gam 5 — O f o r th nat r al q n
e Bla k aft r thi g iv no r t to th n my wh o i pra
c u se e u se ue ce c e s es es e e e s e
ti ally b at n al r ady
. .
,

c e e e .

Gam 5 T hi p oint on tit t th b rill ian y q ality of t hi g am T ho h th o ndn of th pr vio

e -
s c s u es e c u s e u e s u e ss e e us
a rifi of two Pawn i v r y q tionabl th g am i now w ll m d by th i off r of a a i
.

s c ce s s e ue s e, e e s e re ee e s e s cr
fi ce of th Q w h i h if a p t d wo ld b follow d by mat i thr mov nam ly by P x R
e c c ce e u e e e n ee e s, e
q nin g h B — R 6 h and R — K 8 mat
, , , ,

uee c .
, c .
,
e .

Gam 5 — I f R — Q q Bla k wo ld w i a R by x h an g in g Q n follow d by E x R and R — K8

e s c u n e c ue e s, e

h and if K X P Bla k wo ld w i p d ily by Q X P h t

. .
,

e .
,
c u n s ee e .
, e c .

Gam 5 — T h r w no r o r I f Kt—Q B— K t6 P — Q4 (o r K t— K4
’

e e e as R X Kt); es u ce 21 z, 21 22 22 22
and w n
. .
,

2 3 xB P h 3 K x B 4 R — K
e
7 h 4 .K —,K t q ; 52Q — K B 3 i 2 e .
,
2 s . 2 ,
s .

S te i n i tz v . R os e n th al .

Gam 6 — T thi g am w awar d d th p ial pri fo r b rill ian y i th gr and to r nam nt f

e O s e as e e s ec ze c n e u e o

th at Con gr
.

e ss .

Gam 6 — T h o gh Bla k obtain om atta k by th i and th n xt mov th lin of play h r

e u c s s e c s e e e, e e e e

do p t d annot b r omm nd d Bla k h to a rifi a P w h i h ho ld g iv Whit th d

.

a e c e ec e e as c as s c ce , c s u e e e a v an
ta g
,

e .

Gam 6 I f 5 P Q3 ;
— e — 6 P —
.
Q 4 6 P x P ; 7 P X P 7 B.
K t 5 h
. ; 8 K — B q thr a t nin g , ,
~
e . s . e e
—
Q R4 .

Gam 6 B tt r th an P Q5 i i
e — . w h h- a Blae k o l d w ell r t r at K t — Kt q ,
n c c se c c u e e e s .

Gam 6 B t I f
— e QP X B 9 K tx P K
9 tx ;
es P R — K q P o r B — K B4 K t— Q ; 10 s .
,
10 11 z ,

with an x l l nt g am
. . .
,

e ce e e .

Gam 6 Lo of tim e th
. pp on nt n xt two x ll nt mo v pr o v
— ss e , as e O e
’
s e e ce e es e .

Gam 6 —I f 7 R x P 7 B —B ; 8 P — B4 b t 8 K t— B 3 with an x ll nt g am
e . 1 ,
1 z 1 es ,
1 ,
e ce e e .

Gam 6 I f now 8 R x P 8 KR K q ; 9 Kt B3 9 B Kt
— e — — 1 R — Q 5 (o r
K t R — Q6 1 — s 1 1 2 20 ,
20

o r R KKt5 P K R 3 —
,
—
.
,
.

B B— — z — R — Kt4
20 K t— K4 B B 3 R Kt3 20 21 21 , . 21 ,

K t —K4 w ith a t r on g atta k

, ,

21 , s c .

Gam 6 — B B q w m h b tt r I f h ow v r 6 B —R 4 Wh it o ld not
e
'

-
s a
asp t r th B on uc e e e e 2 e c u c u e e

ol ow d by Kt4 f on mo r
,

a o nt of th an w r R B3 b t h o ld mov QR t q
,
. .
. .
, .

cc u — e
— K f l s Ke t— u e c u e s . e 1 ce e
,

atta k d by R — QB q
,

c e s

Gam 6 —A n o nd a rifi if Whit h ad p lay d pro p rly

.

e . n u s u s c ce e e e .

Gam 6 A n rro r w hi h o t th g am P t in—t ad wo ld—h a w a il y b y 3 P t —

e e c c s s e e s e u ve on e s 0
— o and m t ,
. .

r m m K B
.

E x ; 3 Q
P —K t B R h ; ( R 5; 3 B Q ) 3 2 z us 2
3 0 3 7 1 2, 1 e . ,

sq . e tc .

Gam 6 — A b a tif l r j o ind r w hi h t r th tabl

e e u u e e c u ns e es

w w a Q—Kt w hi h migh t h av l d t
.
.

Gam 6 —T hi mak matt r w or T h b t d f n

e s es e s se e es e e c e no s z ,
c e e o

th follow in g on tin ation 3 Q Kt 3

.

—
.

e — R K K t 3 3 B K
c t3 3 Q Q
x h ; u3 3 K xQ 33 1 z 1 2 2 c
follow d oon by
.
, ,
—
,

B X B ; 34 P X B 3 4 R x P h ; 3 5 K R— R X P ; 3 6 K t K t4 R Q B q e s s
35
'

e z -

and mat
.
,

I f h ow v r 3 P t of o
, ,
—
, .

R — K t h 3 B — K t5( r if 3 K 1 q 3 Q B 6 h 1 2 c u se 2 2 -
c es
3 e3 e e .
,
.

n xt mo v O r 3 B Kt3 3 B x B and w in ) 3 B X
, , , .
,

P h K — B B — K t6 h
— K — K z
e e ; 33 33 2 ; 3 4 2 s ,
2 e . 2 c ,

3 4 Q K t5 h w it h a w inn i g gam
.
,

— e .
, n e.

Gam 6 — B a tif l p lay T ho gh th adv r r y om t a pi ah ad th l i of atta k i th e sa e s ou e ce e e ne c n e

t xt i m h tr on g r and fi n r th an r ov rin g a l a r R by R — K t3 h i w hi h a Whit

e . e u u . u e c

e s uc s e e ec e c e e n c c se e

wo ld h av int rpo d th B follow d by Q—Kt i r ply to P x R

.
,

u e e se e e 2 n e .

Gam 6 Fatal B t Q B w not m h b tt r g 33Q

— e — — B 33 R — K t3u h ; (not R — K 7 i z as uc e e ,
e . .
,
2, c , n

—
. .

w hi h a Wh it o l d r p ly R K q ) 34 B t3 34 P R 4 ; 3 5
c c — se
— K — K K et— K 3c 3 5 P uR 5 ; 3 6 e s .
, ,

4
26 T HE R U Y L OPE Z .

GA M E N O . 6 .

Mov 3 5
e . . P— B 7 ch .

B LA CK— R S N T H AL
O E .

WH I T E m
G U N S BE R G . WHI T E — ST E I N I T Z .

W H I T E —S E L L M AN
 T HE R U Y L OP E Z .
27

( Confi rme d
f rom
p age
K t— B sq , 3 6 P x B ; 3 7 P x P
— —
i ( f Ktx P
at l a t a p
an w— r i P—KB4) 3 7 R —R 3 ;
the s e s
3 8 K t—Rz (if 3 8
) 3 8 R K3 w it h a fi atta k
.
, , . .

Q R z , 3
8 P R 7 ch wm s . e s i
ec e ne c .

Gam e 6 — o nt al
M r R se h now fini h s es o ff wit h a f w l g ant tr ok wh i h d rv
e e e s es c e se e the s e c i p al pri ze
fo r brill ian y awar d d to th i g am
. .

c e s e.

S e l l m an v. S t e in itz .

Gam 7 — E ith r th i o r P —Q B4 (wh i h i pr f rr d by H rr E n g li h and D r N ) n a ry

e e s c s e e e e sc oa are ec e ss
Bla k thr at n t w i a p i by P —QB4 and P— B5
.
.
,
as c e e s o n ec e .

Gam 7 —T hi B i b tt r p o t d at K3
e . s s e e s e .

Gam 7 A im in g at a p t atta k on th K in g id whi h i v ry h a rd t r a h and a

— e . ros ec iv e c e
’
s s e c s e o e c s
h i pi
s w r t w l d v lo p d and p ially hi K E P th ad v an of w hi h w n
e c es e e no ery e e e es ec as s e ce c as
,

ec essa
fo r fo rm in g a Kin g id atta k i blo k d by h own B Kt— Q w pr f rabl
, ,
’
s s e c s c e is . z as e e e .

Gam 7 — Not g ood fo r it w ak n h i QE F

e .
, e e s s .

Gam 7 Wh i h allow th o ppon nt th imp o rtant maj o rity of Pawn on th Q n id B t

— e . c s e e e s e uee
’
s s e u
th—r w h ardly anyth in g b tt r h h ad to g ard a g ain t th adv r atta k by B —B3 d
.

e e as e e ,
as e u s e e se c an
P R i5 .

Gam 7 —I f P xP follow d by Q — Q4 Whit aft r r takin g wo ld play Q— K3 thr at n in g B— K4

e e ~
e e e u e e
h o ld Bla k ap t r th K K tP
.
,

s u c c u e e .

Gam 7 — T t ff th QB fr om pp o rtin g th w ak Q id and al o to pr v nt Q— K t3

e . O cu O e su e e s e, s e e .

Gam 7 — H i p o ition i m h on fi n d and h mak a ri ky ff o r t to xtri at h im lf

e . s s s uc c e e es s e e c e se .

Gam 7 — I f 9 P x QP 9 K t— Q4 ; Q— K4 P xK BP ; E x P K t— Kt5
e 1 B—Q q 1 20 20 21 21 22 s
t( h r m nothi g b tt r if K t— R 3 Bla k w in by B — Q4 follow d by Q — QR 4 and if B
.
, , , .

e e see s n e e 22 c s e 22
and w n 3 B x KKtP fo l low d by
,

K3 P xP — —
223 xE P 3 QX B i ) B Q4 ; 3 Q K 2 2 s 22 2 2, 2 e
K t— Q6 h o r Q x P w it h a w inn in g atta k
, , . .

e .
, c .

Gam 7 — H i b t p lan w to r tr at B— Q follow d by Q— K4 i a Bla k an w r d Q— B

e . s es as e e 2 e n c se c s e e 2.

Gam 7 — I f B X B Q x B 3 Q— K4 (o r 3 0— 0 3 K t— K6 follow d by B—KB4 —Q4

e 22 22 2 2 2 e or
w ith a w inn in g g am ) 3 R — QB q with a fi g am
.
,

e 2 s . ne e .

Gam 7 —T h w inn i g mov

e . e n e .

Gam 7 — I f B — Q q Bla k wo ld wi by B— Q4 o r by P — Q 7 h
e . s . c u n , c .

Gam 7 — B tt r th an B Q4 to w h i h Whit m igh t r ply B— B 6

e e e — c e e

Gam 7 — I f now 6 B — B6 6 B X Q ; 7 B x Q 7 B X B follow d a o rd in g ly by B—Q 8

. .

e 2 2 2 2 e cc or
Kt— K 7 h and r main in g w it h a p i a h ad
.
, ,

e .
, e ece e .

Gam 7 —I f h m ant to figh t on at all K— B q w b tt r

e . e e s . as e e .

Gam 7 — I f h mov i th o rn r th n follow K t— B 7 h Kt— Kt5 di h and Q— R 5 t

e . e e n e c e , e s e .
, s c . .
, , e c .

Gam 7 Q Kt4 w mo t pr i fo r th n Whit h ad not th r o r of Q— K f i th at a

e fi
-
as s e c se , e e e es u c e 2, or n c se
Bla k o ld an w r B —K t5
.

c c u s e .

Gam 7 — Q— K m igh t h av prolon g d th g am h o ld int rp o th Q at B3 if Bla k p lay d

e 2 e e e e as e c u e se e c e
—
.

Q B5 c h .

T s c h igo rin v . Z u k e rt o rt .

Gam 8 — I th Book f th London I nt rnational T o rnam nt of 8 83 Z k t t r ”mark on thi

e n e o e e u e 1 u er or e s s
mov N w b t
e im pr o v m nt on th al ontin ation 7 P X K t o r 7 B— K
e ,
u no e e e usu c u s 2 .

Gam 8 — A x ll nt mo v w hi h pp o r t th ntr til th Pawn

e . n e ce r ady fo r atta k
e e c su s e ce e tui e s are e c .

Gam 8 — I f 9 Q— Q5 9 P x P
e .
Q xP h B —
Q Q Q 5 R — Q Kt q ;,
K t— B 3 10 e .
, 10 z 11 -
, 11 s . 12 ,

12P — B3 t (Z k t t) , e c . u er o r .

Gam 8 — Fin p lay T h nt Paw a w w ll pr p ar d f a tion

e . e . e ce re ns re no e e e or c .

Gam 8 — KKt— Q w b tt r (Z k t t ) W b l i v th at w ith 5 E xB 5 ; P t

e 2 6 P XP
as e e u er or e e e e 1 , 1 1
6 R — K q ; 7 B x Q (th r m nothin g b tt r ) 7 R X Q 8 B xP 8 Kt— Kt4 ; 9 K t
. . ,

1 s 1 e e see s e e 1 1 1 1
K R 4 Wh it h ad a g ood pr o p t of q ali in g th g am
. . .
,

Q4 9 R ,
—
Q7 1 P — 20 e s ec e u z e e .

Gam 8 — 6 Q— K3 o r B 4 wo ld b a l ittl b tt r w hil 6 P xP l ad to imm d iat l with 6

e 1 u e e e e e 1 e s e e oss 1

d Wn
.
,

B x B ; 7 K t— K6 7 Q— B3 ; 8 K t
. 8 Q— Kt3 h ; 9 K— R q
1 9 , I 1 , 1 e . 1 s .
,
I an i s .

(Z k t t )
u er o r .

Gam 8 A b a tif l mov

e Z k t t -
int t th at it t hr at n
e mat i 4 mov
u u m e u er o r O s ou e e s es n es, co
i g w ith K t— R 6 h o r Q— Kt5 i gl y and th at Q K t5 wo ld h a b n b d
. .

m en c n 8 — e acc o r n 1 u ve ee a
Whit wo ld r ply K tX B P
.
.
, .
,

e u e .

Gam 8 I f E xB K t— R 6 h ; K xP
e -
Q — Kt
21 h ; 3 K t — K t3 3 Q
— B
21 6 e 22 22 2 e 2 or 2
h fol low d by R — B 5 h and win
.
, .
,
.
, ,

e .
, (Z k t t )
e c . s . u er or .

Gam 8 4 B — Q6 h w w b li v tr on g r till and m igh t h av l d t th —followin g

i as,
e -
2 c e e e e, s e s e e o e

ontin at ion 5 K Q4 b t 5 Q R Q q h ; d
. . . .
,
— — K — 6 — K h K
.

c u 6 : B 3 2 B
i t4 ; 7 R 3 7 es 2 s e 2 2 s c . 2 ,
2
8 R x P h and mat i a f w mo v
.
,
. .
,

K t— Q4 h ; 8 K— Q e . 2 2, 2 c . es n e es .

Gam 8 —Obvio ly if R t Bla k al o an w r d R — B 5 h and mat n xt m ov

e . us c s s e e c . es e e .

Gam 8 — I f R — K 8 h Bla k r p li b t K—B (Z uk t t )

e . e .
, c e es es 2 . er or .

Bla k win th Q with a h k of th Q on th 5th row

c s e c ec e e .
28 T HE R UY L OPE Z .

G am e 9 . Game l O .

Vien n a Ch ess
g ress , 1 873 .
g rew , 1 8 62 .

A ND E R SSE N A ND E R SSE N
ST E I NI T Z . PA U LSE N .

BK t— K sq .

P _ O4
9P x P
t xP
1[ B — K tz 122
34 3
11P — Q4 123
—B
l tB — B 3
s 1 24

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a
G me S -
Cont d
’
13
a
.

R (B sq — B2 re sq

30 14
. .

P B4 1 1 9 D K R — K sq
“
-
.

K P x BP 84
—
K t Qs 15K t t 125
K K t— K t S q 4
16 — O 32
g t
1I E _ K3
K 13
11 4
a
t Xs
17
33B t — R
Q 4
K K t— KZ 1 1 5 P XB K t— K z
1BQ—Q 31 l a— 1 5
g 133
z 1 26
B >< K t 11 6
35 la
w
19 ,
4
20
3712,
373 2 213 4 0. 1 2 7
1 P—B6 ! D 1 2 8
385
5§
t sq

zzQ x P
.

129

39K
:KI Q sq .

—
Q KR sq . 13 1
K t— K z BXB
Z5P B3
4

P — B4 Q — R
S
42B x R P
— B
Q R 3 R xR
43 P— K5 i 27P x R
P xP — K8
Q ch .

K t— K t3 K t— R 5 c h
45B >< Kt 9l
3
.

Back resrgiis
ll li i
.
'

t c resi ns 1 20
g .
 T HE R U Y LO PE Z .
29

A n d e rs s e n v. S t e i n i tz .

Gam 9e —P—Q4 P r of o r A nd r n h ad
is, we pr v i o ly ado b li v b tt
p t d u
e e e, e e r B ut ess e sse e us e s c c ess

nt g am a g a in t fi t la play r ( fo r i n tan th tw n t
. .

f ll y th
u am ta ti
g
e s i th pr e c c s, as n e ese e, s rs -
c ss e s se e s ce e o ex

g am ) and h i mano vr in g w w b li v ba d on th id a t h at Bla k KB annot b b r o gh t

es ,
s eu as, e e e e, se e e c
’
s c e u

into pr o p r a t ion and t h at Bla k w ill h a v to x h a t h im lf i h i ff o r t to

e c ndo bl h i Q BP c e e us se n s e s u u e s .

T h l in of p lay ado p t d h r fo r th d f n
e e h ow th at th o p n Q Kt fi l and th tw bi h o p
e e e e e e ce s s e e e e o s s are

su ffi i nt r om p n
c e f th do bl d Pawn ec e se or e u e .

Gam 9 T h i and th xt fi mov fo r Bla k f o r m p ar t of p lan nam ly to m m

e -
s e ne hi ve es c o ne e an uv re s

Kt to Q5 Fo r th at p rp o h w bo nd to pro vid a g ain t th h o t il nt ran of B—R 6

.
, ,

. u se on e as u e s e s e e ce as so

as th Bla k Kt p lay d t K
e c e o 2 .

Gam 9 — Had h play d P —QB3 th n Bla k o ld n v rth l an w r K t—Q5 and wo ld

e . e e , e c c u , e e e es s, s e , u

r o v r th p i
ec e h o ld P t e ece s u .

Gam 9 — Bla k h alto g th r n g l t d th prin ipl of r ap id d v lo p m nt w h i h w

e . c as of th
e e e ec e e c e e e e c as o n e e

max im of th old h ool and h h d f rr d a tl in g nt il h h

s e m p l t d h i mano vr
sc , to e as e e e c s u e as c c e e s eu es

obtain p o ion of th ad v r ntr w ith h i Kt Obvio ly Whit annot b r ak i at any po in t

ssess e e se c e e s . us e c e n ,

whil Bla k fo r m an atta k i d iff r nt d ir tion aft r d pr p a ration ith r by th ltimat

e c c an
’

c n e e ec s e ue e s, e e e u e

adv an f th QR P o r th QP o r th K B P
ce o e e e .

Gam 9 — Whit h no do bt wa t d tim b t it i d iffi lt to gg t any p lan of o p r ation fo r

e . e as u s e e, u s cu su es e

h im th at wo ld b mo r t h an f a wa itin g and d f n iv
u h ara t r
e e O e e s e c c e .

Gam 9 —Aft r th i x h an g w h i h migh t h av b n d lay d b t o ld h a rdly b avo id d

e . e s e c e, c e ee e e u c u e e

Bla k obtain m h th b t f th g am
c s uc e es O e e .

Gam 9 By th i mo v Bla k ff t hi p rp o of h tti g p th adv r Q d all h i Pawn

e .
-
s e c e ec s s u se s u n u e e se , an s s

are w ll d f nd d o r not approa h abl I t w il l b a ily n th at W hit annot x h an g Pawn

e e e e ,
c e . e e s see e c e c e s

witho t bj ti g h im lf to a till tron g r atta k th Q n id at on

u su ec n se s s e c 011 e uee
’
s s e ce .

Gam 9 I f h h ad x h an g d both Pawn Bla k wo ld q ally g ain th adv nta g i p o ition

e .
-
e e c e s c u e u e a e n s

aft rwar d by P—K B4 o r l by takin g p o ion of th o p n Q B fi l w ith h i R

e e se ssess e e e s

Gam 9 — Ha i n g a om pl i h d h i bj t of pr a ti ally g ttin g id of th ad v r Q Bla k

.
,

e . v cc s e s O ec c c e r e e se , c c on

t t
cen ra e s hi tta k on th oth r w in g and by t ady pr r h br ak thro gh with
s a c e e , s e e ssu e e e s u ,

som d iffi lty w hi h h ow th at th d f i d i p iti of Wh it fo r r main d tron g

e cu ,
c s s e e en s ve
'

s os on e s
’
ces e e s ,

tho gh th y d priv d of th a i tan of th Q n

u e are e e e ss s ce e uee .

Gam 9 Wh i h v r R r tak th B Bla k an w r Q xP and win i a f w mov

e .
-
c e e e es e c s e s s n e es .

.
A n d e rs s e n v . P aul s e n .

Gam —T ho gh Bla k do not ad van P —QR 3 on th th ir d mov i th pr vio g am th

e 10 . u c es ce e e , as n e e us e, e

p o ition b om v r y imila r b t th lin f p lay ado p t d by a h of th p arti i w id ly d iff r

s s ec e e s , u e e O e e c e es s e e

en t fr om th r p t iv tr atm nt of t h i p n in g by th p lay r i th fir t q ot d g am w hi h
e es e c e e e s s O e e e s n e s u e e c

o rr d l v n y a r lat r
cc u e e e e e s e .

Gam G n r ally it i pr f r abl i h a it ation to k p th B i omm i ation w ith both

e 10 .
-
e e s e e e n suc s u ee e n c un c

win g and B — Q i pr f r abl T h B i h r p o t d w it h om r mot x p tation of b ri g in g it

s z s e e e . e s e e s e s e e e e ec n

to b ar a g ai t th K in g id
e ns e
’
s s e.

Gam — N t g ood fo r it l av a h ol at QB4 w hi h w ak n all th Pawn on th Q id

.

e 10 o e es c e e s e s e s e

t f play in g Kt—Kt o r l P—QB4 foll ow d by P—KB4 w mo r

.
, e ,
.

P—K t3 w it h th ob j e ec o z e se ,
e ,
as e con

g n ial to th p o ition
e e s .

Gam — Whit al o p lay fo r a Kin g id atta k w hi h b a il y g a rd d a g ain t and h

e 10 . e s s
’
s s e c c c an e e s u e s ,
e

endan g r h i g am wh n h o ld h av obtain d a r ad vanta g by man vrin g on th

e s s e e e c u e e su e e oeu e

ot h r id K t— QKt 3 w ith th obj t of play in g Kt— B 5 o r R 5 oon r o r lat r w th pro p r

e s e e ec s e e as e e

p lay .

Gam — Low nth al righ tly gg t her B— B q m h t on g r Wh it h ad th n to g a rd

e 10 . e su es s e s . as uc s r e . e e u

a g ain t th thr at n d P— K Kt3 and h i w hol atta k wo ld h av oon b n b rok n T h l ik ly

s e e e e ,
s e c u e s ee e . e e

cont n at on w aft r 5 B B q ; B t
i i u — 6 6 P
as B
X ; 7 Q — B 3 7 Q
e B X K K t ; 81 . s . 1 ,
1 1 , 1 1

w t m o am
.

Q X B 8 B X K
, t ; 9 P
1 X B 9 R — K 4 f ollow d by Q — K i1 h h th p r i r g ,
1 ,
e z ,
uc e su e e .

Gam — Bla k g am i now inf rio r I f 8 R —K5 ; 9 Kt— K t3 9 R — B5; Q —OKt3

e 10 . c
’
s e s e . 1 . 1 , 1 20 .

B—R 3 ;
.

20 B— R 3 P— R 5 —
Q Q3 and
21 w pr f r W h it g am ,
21 ,
21 ,
e e e e s
’
e .

Gam — Bla k g iv th pp on nt an o pp o rt n ity fo r a b a t if l ombination tr ok B t h i

e 10 . c es e O e u e u u c s e . u s

g am w any h ow v ry bad al r ady fo r i an w r to QR — R q w h i h w abo t hi only o th r

e as e e ,
n s e s .
,
c as u s e

alt rnativ Whit wo ld hav r p l i d Kt R 5 w ith an irr i tibl atta k

e e, e u e e e -
es s e c .

’
(s tinuea on p g
a e
30 T HE R UY L OP E Z .

W HI T E — A NDE R SS E N . WHI T E — A ND R SS
E E N .

GA M E N O . I 2 .

Mov e 24 R — Q7 .

B LA CK— B LA C K B U R N E .

WHI T E — A ND R SS
E E N .
W HI T E — ST E I NI T Z .
3 2 T HE R UY L OP E Z .

1P— K4

G am e 13 . G am e 14 . .
Game I S . Game l fi .

P a ris C71 es s Con Corr esp ond en ce P a rzs Cites: Con

g ress , 1 878 . Ga rr e i .

J
Z U KE R T O R T F RANKFO R T MA CKE N Z I E
B LA C KB U R N E ST U T T GAR T . Z U KE R T O R T .

3B — Q B 3
B— R 4 0— 0
K t— B 3 4m ?
K t— B 3 O— O P — Q4 “

B K t5 5Kt>< P 5B — K z
O
.

O P— Q4 —
Q Kz
80 O I — K m BK t— Qs
K t— Q S g g3 t B >< Kt
7B — B 7P —Q4 7Kt B
P -
Q4 P >< P P xP
BK t P K t— Kz K t— K tz
KK t t K t— K t5 Q X Kt li b —Q

8:
g g g0 Ga me I S —Cont d
gK t ?
$
’

b Kt 1 5 3
g fit
.

75
t! 4
K t— B 5 x 3 Q S

l l’ K t —K 2 l llP Q B3
10 Kt 1UQ— K s
q .

Q B —K K t
~

5 P— Q R 4
1 1P K B3 11P — K t5?1 5 4 O K t— B 4 1 68
— § Kt fl B5 K t— Q S
1Z
B K t3 c h P 13 4 34
- ~

12K R 12P x P in passmg 2K —R

Z 3s
.

s
q sq . 1 61 1 69 P
— K t4 K t— B 6
Q

?
P Q3 R — K t sq
K K t4 K t— K4 ' “
143i is . 131 23
P 1 R x BP
14B Q 2
14B — K3 155 14 34
Q K t —Q5 B— K3
1E Q — 2 1dB —
[
B4
15K—R sq . 170 35
— _
Q Q3
Q R Q S‘
l
16 t I BQ {t3 P —Q4
KP t
P—
< Kt
R5 QR 4 171
— 15 6 — K t3 K tX B
t X I< Q 17 2
l 7B x B I I QXB 17P K R 3 1 64
-
17Q t
QXB Q X QR P R — O3 ~
P— Bs
18 K t3 l 1 4 9 I B— I 18 P —Q K t4 1BF— Qs
g é3
4 R j;
£ X§
”finish
~

t— B 6 1 6 5
n—
>
PXP
19 B Kz 19Q xP
q s 359 3 sq B xP ! D 1 66 E xP
20 2(IQ— Kt5
. .

B — B3
X X
m

"
21 1 11.2 3
t
2142 5.
Q — Kz Q — R 7 ch X C X
ZZP 22K
.

B4 Q sq .

K R — K t sq QX R Ch 4 c 2
23Q — R 3 l 3— Z3R — Q3
.

1 5 0 23K t
.

23K—K t
.

-
B Sq
Game C ’
ont d.
sq . 1 67 174 43
R K t3, B K t4 P— B3 R — K t3 R — Bz
24P >< P 24Q— R 158 30 24R — R 3 24P — Kt3 44
P XP R G . D
3 P h

ZEQ 25B

? 5 5:
B5 Q2 159 31Q
K B6 ch m s
“
-

R Kt K t7 c h
261i 26854
sq .

28B—q 26K — K
.

!D 1 5 1

”B : §
s
.
q .

—B4
Q Q B7

5
3
— t
3
27P —I S
3 1 60 27
t4 (2S (3h p — Kg R — K7 175
Game 14—
28K_ za ZB
’
Contd .
 T HE R U Y LO PE Z .

33

B l ac kb urn e v . Z uk e rt o rt .

Gam 3 Com p a r e 1 C l 8 p t thi j n t r

.
- e o ur o . 1 u o s u c u e .

Gam 3 —A x ll nt mov w hi h i a p ow f l atta k on th Ki g id

e 1 . n e ce e e c se z es er u c e n
’
s s e.

Gam 3
— B t i o
e 1 r d r t g a r
. d i an ti ip ation a
es g ain t th ad rnatta k by —
Q Kt e o u , n c , s e ve se c z .

Gam 3 — Fin play By brin gin g hi B r o nd t KKt3 h till atta k th w ak t p int

e 1 . e . s u o e s c s e e es o of

en my and prot t hi K in g id a g ain t y d an g

e ec s s
’
s s e s an er.

Gam 3 —A pow rf l and wi in g tr ok

e 1 . e u nn s e.

Fr
an kf ort v . S tu ttgar t .

Gam e I 4
—W e d o no
. t l ik e t h is e x chan g e an d we m uc h pr e fe r K t—Q B4 , .

Gam e I 4 T his ad v an c e loo sen s his stron g P awns

— . T h er e w as no ob j ec tion a g ain st . B—Q z .

Gam e I 4 Obvio usly if P t the r eply E xP ch w in s

— . .
,
. .

Gam e l at on f a b a tif l and d p laid p lan

4 .
-
T h e i niti i o e u u ee .

Gam 4
— Not h i
e In g b tt r . w I f —
Q Q 4; B R — Q B q
—
Q Q5 ; 3
e Be— K3 no . 21 . . 22 s .
,
22 2 23
—
,

— — and w
.

— Kt K K
Q 5 4Q R 7 h 4 Q q 2
5 B t6 h i e .
, 2 s . 2 e .
, ns .

Gam 4 —I f 4 B t ; 5 P xB 5 Q mov ; 6 Q— B7 h 6 K— K q ; 7 R — K q
e 1 . 2 . . 2 , 2 es 2 c ,
2 s . 2 s . an d

win (S l i l i )
s . av o .

Gam 4 —I f 5 Q X P 6 B R 5 h 6 K—K (if Q x B th Q i lo t by Kt— Kt7 h )

e x . 2 . . 2 -
c .
,
2 2 e s s c . 27

Q—B
7 h 7 B — Q c 8 Kt— B 5 . h
, and
2 w in (S l i l i) Fo r mat i now fo r d aft r 8
2 2 c . s av o . e s ce e 2 .

K— K3 b t by 9 K t Q4 h es 9 K — K 3 Q Q
— 8 mat 2 -
e .
,
2 2 0 e .

Gam 4 —T h r i nothin g b tt r I t 7 B—K 8 E xB 8 K xB 9 K t— B s and w in

e I . e e s e e . 2 . z 2 ,
2 2 , s .

M ac ke n z ie v . W in aw er .

Gam 5 —Comp ar not 53 and 54 to C 1

e I . Z k t t p lay d at t hi ta g a g ain t th am
e es 0 . 20 . u er o r e s s e s e s e

oppon nt i th am to r nam nt
e P — Q4 ; and Whit took th P i p a i g and aft r th
n e s e u e 12 . . e e n ss n , e e

ex h an g of p i Bla k r main d with an i olat d QP T h g am ltimat ly nd d i a d aw

c e ec es c e e s e . e e u e e e n r .

Bla k h ow v r a not p lay P— KB3 fo r Whit wo ld wi a P by Q— B4 h follow d by

c , e e , c n , e u n e .
, e

P xP .

Gam e 1 f bl o r t f waiti g p oli y 3 P—Q3 4 Kt—Q s 4 R — K q ; wa hi b t

—
5 A . ee e s o n c . I . . I ,
1 s . s s es

r o r fo r t h o gh Whit a now al o wi a P by Kt and P xP Bla k will b abl t d v l p

es u c e , u e c n s n c e e o e e o

t f th B i h o p b in g of o pp o i t
,

h i fo r
s and i lik ly to d r aw on a
ces, s e olo r cc o un o e s s e s e c s
.

Gam 5
— Wa
e 1 t of t i
.m E v id ntly P — P 4 w a th pr o p r p lay
s e e. e s e e .

Gam 5
— N
e 1 r y . a t m p o r a r y x p d
e c essai nt f h o ld t a f
asf o r d t allow e B — K ts b t t hi e e e , or e c u no o , u s

adv an i th au of br akdow i a f w mo v
ce s e c se e n n e es .

Gam 5
— E x
e 1 ll n t p.lay Of o r Bla
ce e k da r t tak fo r W h i t .wo ld r p ly Q — R 4 and c u se c e no e, e u e

w i i a f w mo v
n n e es .

Gam 5 — A ma t r o p w hi h d i o rg a i th pp on nt g am
e I . s e c u c s n z es e O e
’
s e .

Gam 5 — Cl arly if 3 Q—R th h of th Q at B6 follow d by th h f th R al o w in

e 1 . e 2 . z ,
e c . e e
‘

e c . o e s s

th e Q .

W in aw e r v; Z uke rt o rt

Gam 6 —I Col 5 w r omm nd P — KB3 at on at thi j n t r W think thi b tt

e 1 . n . 2 e ec e ce s u c u e . e s e e r , as in
som ontin ation th Kt may b want d to nt r at Q3 aft r ad v an in g P— Q4
e c u s e e e e e e c .

Gam 6 —I f e 1 B— q ;
.
3 B — R 6 3 P x B ; 4 Q —
12K t4 h 4
,
B —K t4 ; 5
. K t x P . 1 ,
1 x c .
, 1 1 ch . and
win s .

Gam 6 —Whit h v ry l ittl of an atta k w and hi g am will b i f rio r if

e 1 . e as e e c no , s e e n e

h im to x h an g KP fo r B P
e c e .
 T HE R UY L OPE Z .

GA M E N o . I s .

Mov 6
e 2 . B — K sq .

B LA C K— Z U KE R T O R T .

W H I T E —BLA CKB U R N E . WHI T E — F R A N K FO R T .

GA M E N o . I6
Mov e 18 P— Q5 .

B LA CK— Z U KE R T O R T .

WHI T E — M A CK N ZE IE . W H I T E — WI N A W E R
 T HE R U Y LO PE Z .
35

( Continued
f rom
p age
Gam 1 6 —We wo ld h av d id dly preferr ed B —B fo r th i thr at n d K tx l follow d by
’
e . u e ec e sq . s e e e e

PXP and P—Q3 .

Gam e 16 .
—I f 17 P XP en p assant , 17 P xP ; 18 K tx P , 18 Bt ; 19 R X B, 19 Kt—Q5 and
wins

—
.

Gam e 16 . m to h av b n nothi g b tt r I f 9 P t
— T h er e see s
9 Pet ; Q Q B4
ee n e e . 1 , 1 20 , 2c

P xP w ith at l a t a g ood a g am Whit ’

,
e s s e as e s .

Gam 6 —With thi h g t him lf into d iffi l ti fr om w h i h h do not r ov r f om tim

e 1 . s e e s se cu es c e es ec e or s e e.

T akin g p o ion of th p n fi l by R —K q w m h b tt r
ssess e O e e s . as uc e e .

Gam 6 — R —K5 w m h tron g r fo r it thr at n d to wi all th Paw on th Q n id

e 1 . as uc s e , e e e n e ns e uee
’
s s e

and t r main a l ar P a h ad witho t r li vin g th ad v r K if Bla k ado p t l a l i f p lay imi

o e c e e u e e e e se c e ne o s

lar to th th at a t ally o
e on e rr d c u cc u e .

Gam 6 —With thi th d raw i fo r d fo r R and Kt annot wi ag ain t R by b t p lay and

e 1 . s e s ce , c n s es ,

Bla k h al o an xtr a P w hi h Whit m t tr y t g t id f

c as s e c e us o e r o .
 T HE R UY LOP E Z .

G am e l 7 . G am e 20 .

Che ss M ate/z between

I nt er na tio na l C/zes s M essr s S teinitz
. a nd
M ag a z in e .

N E UMA NN ST E I NI T Z
ANDE R S S E N .
B LA C K B U R N F .
 T HE R U Y L OP E Z .

37

B au e r v. P o rge s .

Gam e 17 .
—U p
thi p o int th play of bot h p ar ti h pro d d a i th lin f th pr din g
to s e es as c ee e s n e es o e ec ee

g amb t h r Whit lo
e, u tim i o rd r to lay a t ap a g ain t th tabl i h d d f
e e e ses e n e r s e es s e e en c e .

Gam 7 — B — Be 1
4 w it h th v
. i w of ad v an in g P —KB3 o r P—Q 3 o rd in g ly wa th righ t p laye e c , acc s e
, .

Gam 7
— K —
e 1R q w a. now indi p n abl a pr a tion s . s s e s e as ec u .

Gam 7 — E x ll nt p lay
e 1 . T h r i no g ood d f n ce a g a i t thi fin tr ok
e . e e s e e ce ns s e s e .

Gam — m at w ith a l a r R b h ind by th an w r K t h ” follow d by

'

I i K —R
7 e 1 q h
. s .
, e co es c e e e s e c e

Qt h and ltimat ly R X B
c .
, u e .

Gam 7 —T h R m t int rpo whi h Whit will a p t r w ith th Kt follow d by Q x P t

e 1 , e us e se c e c u e e e , e c .

L o w e n th al , B rie n an d W o rm al d in C o n s ul t atio n .

Gam e 18 .
—8 . . B—K z isth e r igh t mo v h r e e e .

Gam e 18 .
—A bad d f n w hi h e e ce c su bj t th m t a p ow rf l atta k
ec s e o e u c . Still B -
K 2 w as th e b t es

p lay .

Gam e 18 .
—Highly i n g n io e us . Whit e g ives up th e Q b ut obtain s hree
t mino r p iec es fo r it, w ith
an irr esisti bl atta k e c .

Gam e 1 8 — A ft r
. e 21 . . .
Qt P ch .
; 22 R —Kt3 , 22 —
Q QS ch .
; 23 K—K tz , Bla k c
’
s g am e is
h op l e ess .

N e u m an n v . A n d e rss e n .

Gam e 19favo rit d f n of P rof o r And r n fo r om tim b t h abandon d it ltimat ly

.
—A e e e ce ess e sse s e e, u e e u e

as it do not y i ld a ati fa to r y p o ition by b t p lay on th oth r id

es e s s c s es e e s e .

Gam 9 — T hi i not g ood T h righ t an w r i 8 P X P and if 8 Q— K q ; 9 0— 0 fol

e 1 . s s . e s e s , . . s .
,

low d by P— Q4 with th p rio r g am B t not 9 P — Q4 Bla k wo ld r ply 9 QB— R 3

e , e su e e. u as c u e . .

pr v ntin g Wh it
e e a tlin g with a tron g atta k L ik wi if Bla k p lay 8 Q X P i r p ly t
e s c
’
s , s c . e se , c . . n e o

P xP Whit an w r 9 0— 0
,
e s e s .

Gam 9 —T hi g iv Whit th inf rio r g am P— KB 4 w m h p rio r

e 1 . s es e e e e . as uc su e .

Gam 9 — Hi b t p l n w now Kt— K5 a gg t d by H rr D fr n o r P—Q5 B

e 1 . s es a as 11 s su es e e u es e , 1 1 , 11

Q K t 2 B — K t5 12 K t x P w it h th m h p r io r g am ,
12 , e uc su
'

e e .

Gam 9 — H r i a a w h r th Kin g id h b n : arly l ft witho t any pr ot tion f om

e 1 . e e s c se e e e
’
s s e as ee e e u ec r

mino r p i and Bla k now win by fo r

eces, I f 3 P — K B3 3 P x P 4cP x P 4 Q — K R 4 ; 5 s ce . 1 , 1 1 , 1 1

R —B 5 K t— K5 and w in
2, 1 s .

Gam 9 —Windi g p with on mmat kil l

e 1 . n u c su e s .

Gam 9 N b tt r is 8 Q Q fo r th n follow
—e 1 .
— o e 8 Q— B
e 8 h ; 9 K — R 9 K1t— K S d 2, e s 1 . . c . 1 Z, I an

S t e i n i tz v . B l ac kb u rn e .

—P —K K t3 w ith th e V e i w of p o tin g s th e B at KKt 2 is now tabli h d es s e as th e b tte e r de

m uc h fo r d f n iv e e s e p urp o ses as w ith th e view of fo rm n g an at a k by

i t c P—KK t4

Gam ntr od d fo r th fir t tim i th pr nt g am and thi d v lo p m nt f th Kt with

e 20 .
-
I uce e s e n e ese e, s e e e o e

th v i w of mano vri g it to B q h
e e in b am an tabli h d fo rm f atta k
eu n s . as s ce ec e es s e o c .

Gam —W b l i v it wo ld h av b n b tt r to r tr at B— Q q
e 20 . e e e e u e ee e e e e s .

Gam M h b tt r w
e 2o .
7 P —K B
-
4 w hi
uc h m igh t h a v l
e d to th f
e ollow in g ontin uati
as 1on c
"

e e e c

—
. .

18 K t —K q 8 P X KP 9 XP P s9 K t —.B s Q B 1 q follow d by P — K B 3 and P — K R 4 1 , 1 20 s .

, e .
 T HE R UY L OP E Z .

GA M E N o . I 7 . GA M E N O . I S .

Mov 5 B te 1 P Mov 4 K t e 1

B LA CK— P R
. . . .

O GE S . B LA CK— BR N A ND W R M AL D
IE O I N C NS U L A
O T T IO N .

WH I T E — BAU R E . WHI T E -
L OWE N T H AL .

GAM E N o . 20 .

Mov e 27 P— Kt 6 .

B LA C K ~
B LA C K B U R N EL

V V
H I T E —N E U M A NN . WHI T E —
'

S TE I NI T Z .
 DO U B L E R U Y L O P E Z .

FOU R K N I G HT S ,
G A M A ND E T H R E E K N I GHT S ,
G AM E .

T he D oubl R uy Lo p
e ez is Fou r Kni gh ts G am e i n w h ic h bo t h
a c o ntin uatio n o f th e
’

es follow u p by B— Kt5 T h e att ac k by Kt— Q 5 h ad b ee n gr e at ly i n favo r wi t h

.

prac ti t ion ers fo r m any y ears un t il the au th o r p l ay e d i n his m at c h wi th Z uker

,

es) th e d e fenc e p oin t e d ou t i n Col

, 1 w h ic h r ests c h i e fl y .
,

a combin at ion o f Bl ack s 7 th an d 8 th mo v es

’

7 P — K 5 had al r eady b ee n p l ay e d
. . .

M r Gun sb erg b u t i n conj unc t ion w i th 8

.
, Q P X P i t m ak es th e g am e so e q u al at
. .

e ar ly st ag e as t o r end e r th e att e m p t o f an att ack ab sol u t e ly u se l ess .

I n Col 2 the attac k wi th Kt— Q 5 is m ad e b e fo r e c ast lin g an d t h ou gh i t l ead s t o an

.
,

in g of o n e of Bl ack s P awn s the sec on d p l ay e r ’

a p ow e r ful coun te r att ack on accoun t o f h is t wo Bi sh o p s an d “ th e h ol e

”
-
on ,

KB 3 an d KR 3 w h ic h m ak es th e pr o t e c t ion of Wh i t e s K t di ffi cul t an d g iv es
’

ntran c e s i n t o th e ad v e r se g am e .

1 3 al so l e ad s t o an e v e n g am e at l e ast fo r th e d e fe nc e an d i n f ac t we woul d
.
,

pr e fe r Bl ack at th e e n d Bu t as mo st p l aye rs woul d h esi tat e to mov e th eir K in g

.

th e o p e nin g th e d e fe nc e in Col 1 w h i c h si m p li fi e s m att e r s at an e ar ly st ag e is to

,
.
, ,

of a v ar i at ion th at occu rr e d i n a fi ne g am e b et w ee n Win awer

o d ifi c atio n

th e P ar is Con gr e ss ( Com p a r e Col

. 1 1 an d I llu str at i v e g am es
) t I . .

11 e v e n g am e by pr o p e r tr e at m en t su c h as we pr o p o se w h ere as the w ay ,

e xc e ll e n t att ack at th e e x p e n se of a P awn w h ic h ,

ar d e d Bl ack s d e v e lo p m e n t
’
.

Co l 5 is ano th e r al t er at ion o f th e o p e nin g m o v es of a c e l e b r ate d g am e b e t w e e n P aul

.

an d M o rph y v e ry fi n ely p l ay e d by Wh i t e w h o se 8 th an d 9th m o v e s sh ow e xc e e d

, ,

y str ong p o si t ion j ud g m e n t By in ducin g o r i n fac t com p e ll in g Bl ack t o adv anc e,

.
,

P— OKt4 h e pr ac t ic ally d e mol i sh e s th e Q u ee n s si d e Bu t i n ac t u al p l ay P aul sen ’

. .
,

on bl un d er by tr an sp o sin g th e o r d e r o f co rr e c t mo v es an d th i s m ak es al l ,

th e an aly t ic al r esu l ts 1 1 P—Q B 3 ou ght we b e li e v e t o r e n d e r Bl ack s

’
.
, ,

e Fo r P— Q4 wil l foll ow t o d ri v e the B b ack an d th e n B—B 3 c o n

o r l ate r (p erh ap s aft e r P—Q Kt4 ) will fo rm an i rr esi stibl e at tack on the
.
,

resen ts a d iff er nc in t ac t ic s on a princi p l e w h ic h i b ett r x p l ain e d in

e e s e e

d al w ith th m ov h i th e rt o r comm n d d by u th o r
e s e e e e a v i 9eR — K sq s, z .
,
.

Bu t we feel su r e th at th i s ou ght only t o l e ad t o an e v n gam an d in e e,

s th at h av b n o ff r e d i n d em on st rat ion th at Wh it c an pr ess

e ee e e

w fi n d th at the d f nc e ou ght t o ob t ain the su pe r io r

e e e

r enc in o p in ion is th at the n tr attack c om m nc

e ce e e

th at a win g attack wi th the KE P pr ep are d by b arr ass

42 T HE DO U BLE R U Y Lo p E z .

ing the Q u een at onc e wi th th Q P an d th K t i th pro p er p l ay I f ou r pr m i e ar

e e s e . e s s e

r ight it i q u it obv iou th at the R i w an t e d t o r e m ain at KB sq in o r d er t o su pp o rt the

s e s s .

adv an of th K BP t o B 5
ce e .

I n Col 7 w pr o p o e an ex t en sionof al in of p l ay ag ain st a oun t er att ack h i th ert o

. e s e c -

r ecomm end ed w h ic h w b l i v ou ght t o b in Wh it s fav o r T h g am wa g n er all

,
e e e e e e
’
. e e s e

d ismi s d as v n on Bl a k 8 th m o v e bu t we th ink th at th e ad di t ion of two mo v es wi

’
s e e e c s ,

d e mon str at e ou r con t n t ion e .

Col 8 sh ow s h ow Wh i t mi ght b l e d t o com pr omi se h is g am e by a p l au sibl e sally on

. e e

t he oth mo v w h ic h app ar n t ly win s a P T h v ari at ion s p r oduc an interest in g an d

e, e . e e

s p i r i t e d att ack b u t by b st p l ay Bl ack ou ght t o ob t ain the ad van t ag e

,
e .

C 015 9 an d 0 d eal w ith i nf r io r con t inu ation s on th p art of th first p l ay e r w h il e

. 1 e e e ,

C 0 18 . an d
1 1 2 con t ai n no v l an aly si s t o d e mon str at e th at a d efe nc e in th e T hr
1 e Kn igh ee

G am 3 e P— KKt3 w h ic h we ou r sel v es h av e fav o r e d fo r som e t im e is unsatisf ac t

. .
, ,

an d h ow the fir st p l ay er ou gh t t o t ak e ad v an tag e of i t .
 T HE DO U B LE RUY LO P E Z FO UR KNI G H T S G AM E AN D T H R E E KNI G H T S G AM E
,
’ ’
.
43

T HE K N I G H T S GA M E
’
FOU R .

R U Y LO PE Z CO NT I NU A T I O N .

bl
u e R uy L op D f
ez e ence
B — Kis
C 015 . 1 to 4 .

Dfn e e ce
B— B 4

Dfne e ce Col . 6
.

D fne e ce C 015 7 to I. .

P _ Q4
Contin ation
u

P —Q R 3
Con tin ationu C ol . 10 .

T HE T HR E E K N I GH T S GA M E
’
.

C 013 . 1 1 to 1 2 .

P — K K t3
44 T HE DOUB LE R UY L OPE Z FOU R KN I GH T S G AM E A ND T H R E E KN I GH T S GA M E
.
’ ’
.

SE - B4

P H

Q ’
S) K tx P
BK t t

Pt
7Kt— Q5
Kt t O— O ~

3 83 t
P— Q B3
9B —B4 !

R —
K sq ch B — K3
10 l l] B
. .

K—Q sq . 9 -
K2

B —B4 10
11P —Q s
—
Q R ts
1ZQB —K B4
P —Q B3
13B—B4

Col mn
u 2 . Mov 4
e 1 O—O —
O . Col mn 5 Mov
u . e 11 P -
QB 3 .

B LA CK
. B L A CK .

WHI T E .
WHI T E .
T HE DO U B LE RUY L O P E Z FO UR KN GH T S G A M E A ND T H R E E KN I G H T S G A M E
. I ’ '
.
45

C 01 . am p iti n may b arriv d at i th P t tf d f n

T he
-
s e os i th OK t o p in g
o i e e n e e ro
’’
s e e ce , o r n e en ,
or n

th o r d ina r y R y Lo p
e by a tr an p o ition of mo v u ez s s es .

Col — T hi atta k o rigi at d w ith M r P a l n I t wa gr a tly i fa o r with Z k t t wh

. 1 . s c n e . u se . s e n v u er or , o

ado p t d it v r y fr q ntly i mat h and to rnam nt

e e e ue n c es u e s .

Col — T hi x ll nt d f n wa fi r t ado pt d by Gu b g a g ain t R ank n i th V i aya

1 s e ce e e e ce s s e ns e r s e n e z n

a g ar am T o u am nt of London 883 I t l ad t an a y v n g am by pro p r nti uation

. .

rn e ,
1 . e s o e s , e e e e co n .

Col . 1 .
9 B — K ( b t t r t h an 9 B — R 4 9 P t ; Q x P B — R 3 ; 2, e e ,
10 ,
10 11

—
P Q3 —fo r if R — K q R — K q ; R X R h11 Q x R ; 3 Q — K 3 3
s B — Q B
.
4 ,
d
11 s . 12 e .
, 12 1 , 1 , an

win — s, Q — R 5 w it h t h
11 atta k )
.
9 P
. t ; E x P and W h i t w il l obta in t h ad v anta
e g c . . . 10 , e e e

soon r o r lat r by P— Q4 P— QB3 and P— QKt4 w h i h pr v nt th do bl d Pawn from b in g

e e , , , c e e s e u e e

d i ol v d o rr d i th ab v m ntion d g am b tw n th R C E R ank in and G b g

ss e ,
as cc u e n e o e e e e e ee e ev . . . uns er .

T h i g am h ow v r nd d i a d r aw
s e, e e , e e n .

Col .
— O 9 x 1E . P 9 P x B ; K t— rK 5( if K t— K q B,
— R 3 ; P —Q3 R — K 10 10 s .
, 1o 11 , 11

1o —
Q Q4 ; 11 K t— K t4 ( 1 1 P — Q4 ?1 1 B —R 3 ; 12 P — QR 3 , 12 B n ot 1 2 E xR ,

K t—K3 + ,
. .
. .
,

on a o nt of th
cc u e r ep P x B , ly e follow d by P — QKt3 ) 11 . P — KB4 ; 12 12 —
Q B2 + .

Col 2 —O r. .
‘

9 K t—K 5, 9
—
Q K t4 and wi ns . Or 9
—
Q Kz , 9 0
—0 ; 10 Kt—Q4, 10 Qt ;
1 1 P —QB3 , 11 —
Q Q4 ; 12 P xB , 12 P— QR 4

Col . 2 .
-
Contin d
R — K sq , 1 5 K R — K sq oh ; 1 6 K—Bz , 1 6 R xR ; 1 7 Kt
ue 15 , 1 7 B —B4 . . .

ch . r 1 5 P — B 3 (if 1 5 P — Q4, 1 5 R X P 1 6 P —B3 , 1 6 R — K sq eh , 1 7 K—B2 , 1 7 B t ; 1 8

O . .

K x B , 1 8 R — Q6 15 K R — K sq c h ; 1 6 K—B z , 1 6 R — Q6 ; 1 7 Kt—Q4 ( r 1 7 K t— K . . . . o
sq , 1 7 B — B4 eh ; 1 8 K
. B sq , 1 8 R —B 6 eh ; 1 9 K—K tz l , 1 9 R —B 7 c h ; 2 0 K—Kt sq , E
.
-
. . . .

R6 and mat
e s in two ves), 1 7 K B — QB 4 1 8 P— KR 3 , 1 8 B t mo
c h ; 1 9 P x B , 1 9 R — 2o B6 . . .

ch .
; 20 K — K tz , 20 R — K7 ch . ! 21 K -
Kt sq .
, 21 R (K7) —B 7 ; 22 P xB, Bl a k mat c es in
three mov es .

Col .
3 .
—B et te r t h an Q — K 2 e h ; 8
9 K —
.
Q sq.
, 9 Q
— B 3 . .
; 10 R—K s
q . eh .
,
1o K—Q sq .
;
11 P — QB 3 , 11 B — B4 ; 1 2 P — Q3 , 1 2 P — K R 3 ; 1 3 B —Qz

Col .
3
—I f B—Kz . Wh it e r ep lies P — Q6 .

Col 3
.
—O r 1 1 P f Q 3
B . 1 1 B — B4 ;
‘

,
12 P — QKt4, 12 B —Q3 1 + (
n ot 1 2 —Kt3 ; 1 3 P —Q3
.
,

1 3 P — K R 3 ; 1 4 P — Q6 ' 1 4 P xB ; 15 B —B4 , 15 K R — K Kt sq . l 1 6 P —Q B4 with a po werful ,

atta k
c ) .

Col .
4 .
—I f 9 B
.
— Kt3 ; 1 0 Q
.
— K t4, 1 0 0— 0 ; (or 1 0 . .
—
Q B3 ; 11 P— Q4, 11 P xP ? 1 2 QB
—Kt5 and w n , i s); 1 1 Q B—Kt5, 1 1 P — B 3 1 2 B — R 6, 1 2 —
Q K2 13 P — Q6, 13 P xP ; 14 B —B4
ch .
, w ith a v r y g ood p o ition f e s or th e P min us . Comp ar e I ll us r ive t at Gam e N o . 1

Col .
5
—Bla k Pawns now w ak Y t h h nothin g b tt r fo r if h a p t
. c
’
s are e . e e as e e , e c u e r K P at
the
on ce , Wh it wil l x h an g Kn igh t foll ow d by E xP h whi h Bla k da r not tak
e e c e s e c .
, c c e e on a o nt f
cc u o

th e a w r Q—B3 h
ns e c .

Col . Bett r t h an 9 R — K
6— e sq .
, 9 B —K 3 ; 10 P — Q4, 10 —
Q B4 ; 11 B— K t5, 11 P —K R 3
B —R 4 (o r —
Q Q3 ; — K B— 3 P— K Kt4, —
Q Kt3
12 ,
12 12 Q t3 ) .

Q 13 13 .

Col . 6; . Or 9 . .
—
Q Q3 10 K t— B 3 , 10 —
Q Q sq .
; 11 P — K B4 ,
'

11 B —K 2 12 P — B5+ .
46 T HE DOUB LE R UY LOP E Z FOU R KNI GH T S G A M E A ND T H R E E KN I GH T S
.
’ ’

Col mn
u 11 . Mov e 11 . 0— 0 -
0 . Col mn
u 12 . Mov e 12 —
Q Q4 .

B LA CK . B LA CK .

WHI T E . WHI T E .
48 T HE DOUB LE R UY L OPE Z FOU R KNI GH T S G A M E A ND T H R E E KN I GH T S G AM E
.
’ ’

G am e 1 .
{Gam e 2 .
J G am e 3 .

M ate/z , 1 88 6 .

Z U KE R T O R T
ST E I N I T Z .

1 °
T HE DOUB L E R UY L OP Z E . FOU R KN I GH T S G AM E A ND T H R E E KN I GH T S G A M E ’ ’
.
49

W in aw e r v. Z u k e rt o rt .

Gam e 1 and Not

.
- .
Com p ar Col e .
4 e 1 1.

Gam —B —B w pr f r abl fo r th B i now x p o d to th atta k of h o t il Pawn

e 1 . 2 as e e e, e s e se e c s e s .

Gam — M h b tt r th an E X P th o gh th latt r w al o f
e 1 . uc e e , u e e as s sa e .

Gam — T hi i p lay of th high t o rd r

e 1 . s s e es e .

Gam —I f 5 e 1 E xR ; 6 E x B . 6 R K t5 (o r 6
2 —
Q R 3 ; 7 BxR P
. .

7 B xQ 7
2 ,
2 -
2 . . 2 , 2 ,
2

R XQ 8 B — B3 8 R —K4 9 P —R2 6 9 K R K q ; 3 B —K t3 w it,h an x

2 ll nt atta k 2 ,
2 ~ -
s . 0 , e ce e c .

Gam — A x ll nt mo v whi h r ta rd th d v lo p m nt of Bla k B and g iv Wh it tim t

e 1 . n e ce e e c e s e e e e c
’
s es e e o

fo rm hi K id atta k s s e c .

Gam — H i g am w l o t b t R —B3 w h i b t r o r
e 1 . s e as s u as s es es u c e .

Gam — Ma terly p lay th o gh not v ry d p fo r it thr at n do bl h mat at on by R —Kt8

e 1 , s ,
u e ee , e e s u e c . e ce .

I t fo r m a w ll wo rk d
t l ink i th
s l g an t h ain of Wi w
e omb inat ion e ou n e e e c na er s c
’
.

Gam Contin d
e 1 KX B
.
3 Q
- — Kt
4 h 3 K — R q ; 33 P X P
ue
33 B — Q 6 h ; 34 K _ . 2 e ,
2 s . c

B 1 34 QB —KB4 ; 3 5 Q R 4 3 5 R —K 7 ; 3 6 R —Q4 3 6 B —Q q ; 3 7 Q— K ts
.
, .

56 .
~
. . s .

Z u k e rt ort v. S t e in itz .

Gam e 2 thr at n in g to ap t r th R with a h And if 9 P t P th B

.
—I f 9 P X QP , 9 P xP e e c u e e
‘
c .
, e re

tak w ith p ow r f l atta k

es a e u c .

Gam — T hr at n in g to w i a p i by Q—K4 b t not g ood B —K

e 2 , e e n ece , u as as 2 .

M h b tt r w P — Q B3 w ith th obj t of r tr atin g B — B and th n ad v an in g P— Q4

uc e e as , e ec e e z , e c .

Gam —Bla k thr at n d Q—K4 and th only oth r mo v w P — Q B3 w h r p on Bla k o ld

e 2 . c e e e , e e e as , e eu c c u

fo r an atta k by P K B4
ce c .

Gam —D rivin g th adv r Q om w h at t of play fo r obvio ly Bla k dar not r ply Q— Bo

e 2 . e e se s e ou , us c e e

on a o nt of th r ej o ind r E x P h
cc u e e c .

Gam — I f 5 Q X P ; 6 B — Q thr at in g R —R q follow d by B— QB3 winn in g th Q

e 2 . 1 . . 1 2, e en s .
, e , e ,

with a tr on g tta k s a c .

Gam M h b tt r w
e 2 . w 6 —
Q X P w it h th pr obabl
uc ontin ation 7 B x B 7 P x B
e e as n o 1 . .
,
e e c u 1 ,
1

18 —
Q K4 ,
18 P -
KK t3 19 —
Q Q4 ,
19 Q -
R6 20 P— QK t4 , 20 P — Q B4 + .

Gam —T hi a rifi i n o nd b t Bla k h ad l arly th b t of th g am any how

e 2 . s s c ce s u s u ,
u c c e e es e e .

Gam Wh it o ld r o v r th p i by B x B follow d by P —QB4 b t Bla k wo ld aft r wa rd

e 2 .
- e c u ec e e ec e e , u c u e

p l y Q Q7 w it h gr at ad v anta g
..
-
e e .

Gam —I th a t al g am a
e 2 r i of r p tition mo v w r mad on b th id
n e c u e se es e e es e e e o s es .

Gam —U nav a ilin g ; b t 4 R K t3 4 R — K

e 2 .
5 R x P 5 R x R 6 B— R 6 6 K — K u 2 —
,
2 2 2 ,
2 2 ,
2 2

l ad to th am p o ition o rr d
e s e s e s as c cu e .

Gam — B t I f 4 P X B 5 Q X BP h 5 B—B
e 2 . es .6 Q X R P h j 6 K Kt q ;
’

2 7 R . . 2 c .
,
2 2 2 C l
‘

2 -
s . 2

R3 7 B— K
,4 (
2o r 7 Q — K 4 8 R — K t3 8 Q K t5,
h 8 K — E q ; 9 R2— R 8 h w i. . 2 2 — c .
,
2 s . 2 c .
,
n

i g th Q and th o gh Bla k h
n e thr p i fo r it th thr p a d Pawn and th x p o d po i
,
u c as ee e c es ,
e ee sse s e e se s

tion of Bla k Kin g mak Whit g am v r y tr on g c

’
s e e s
’
e e s .

Gam —I f Q X P h th n of o r Bla k r pl i B — B thr at n in g R — K K t q t

e 2 . c .
, e , c u se , c e es 2, e e s .
, e c.

Ga m — Bla k thr at n P X P fol low d by R R 6 d all th Pawn on th Q

e 2 . c e id m t e s e —
,
an e s e u een s s
’
e us

J ud d v . S t e in it z .

Gam e 3 — I f 10 QX P , he se s
. lo a pi ec e by 10 . . R— K s
q ; . 1 1 K t— K5, 1 1 B —Q3 ; follow e d bv
P — K B3 .
I
C am e 3 — We pre e r 11 . f now .
Q — Q4 12 P X B, 12 P— QR 4 ; follow d by B — R 3 e .

f
Gam e 3 — T hre te i g R — K t3 . a nn .

Gam —H e u gh to h v e s i w it h R — Kt fo r o t a
if Q X Q R x P h K t ll ontin ued

1
20 21 1
e3 .
3 c 20 , . . e .
,

R q ;
-
R x BP d i
s h .
—
K K t q (o r 22 Q — K 4 3 R x R h 3 K — K t ; 4 _xQ s . e .
,
22 m s . . 2 e .
,
2 z 2

h
c 4 K x
. R , 5 E
2 X P H 3 R — K t 7 h and d raw 2 -
. 2 c .
,
s .

Gam 3 —A Wh it vid ntly aim d at th q ar wh r thi P tood it w b t not t g i p

e . s e e e e e s u e e e s s ,
as es o ve u

th P e .

Gam 3 —B tt r w R — R b t th n Bla k wo ld h av p lay d P — K R 3 follow d by do blin g

e e e as 2, u e c u e e e u

K R P w h i h wo ld al o b f r th r atta k d by th B if Wh it i n th m anw h il
. ,

c u s e u e c e e e e e e
,
50 T HE DO U B LE RUY L OPE Z FOU R K N I G H T S GAM E AND T H R E E KN I GH T S G A ME
.
’ "
.

W H I T E — W I N A WE R . WH I T E ~
Z U KE R T O R T .

GA M E N O . 3 .

Mov e 26. R — KKt4 .

B L A C K— ST E I N I T Z .

W HI T E — M AX J U DD .
W HI T E — P A U LS E N .
 T HE DO U B LE R UY L OP E Z . FO UR K N I G H T S G AM E A ND T H R E E KN I GH T S G A M E ’ ’
.
51

( Cont in ued
f ro mp age

c a tl d
s e . I f, h ow ev e r , 27 P — R 6, 27 R xP 28 PxP ch .
, 28 K —K t s
q ; . 29 O —
O —O 29 R xl
P —K 6, and w in
,

30 QR —R sq .
, 3 0 s .

30 . Gam e 3 .
—A fte r th is Wh it g am nt nabl e s
’
e 15 u e e .

P au l s e n v . M o rp h y .

Gam e 4 .
—
5 K tx P , 5 K t tI ; 6 P — Q4 6 B ,
— K
Q t5 7 Pt , 7 Ktx P 8 —
Q Q4 8 Kt , t ( or 8
Bt ch ; g X , 9
P B K t— K t B —R 3, K t —K 3 —
Q K4, —
Q K t4 ; 1 2 P
—
. .
4 ; 1 o 10 11 11

9 Pt al o gr atly i Wh it favo r
, 9 B Kz 1 0 Q B — K B4 ! is s e n e s
’
.

Gam 4 — Bla k r ov r hi P now g iv n p b t gr atl y at o t f p o ition

e . c ec e s s ,
e u , u e c s o s .

Gam 4 — T ho gh app ar ntly lo in g tim th i i x ll nt play

e . u it om p l th o pp on nt to e s e s s e ce e , as c e s e e

ad v an h i QKtP w h i h mak Bla k p o ition n th Q n id v r y w ak

ce s ,
c es c
’
s s o e ue e
’
s s e e e .

Gam 4 — Fo r d I f 8 K tx P 9 K t t 9 R t
e . B xP h
ce and h o ld w i
. . .
, 10 c .
, s u n .

Gam 4 —T h only mov b t mo r th an g ood no gh I f 9 B— Kt3 9 QB— K K t5

e . e —
Q K q e, u e e u .
, 10 s .
,

10 P — K t5 ; 11 P— K R 3 , 1 1 B— R 4 ; 12 P — K t4 ; 12 B — K K t3 + .

Gam w ak mo v at pr nt th o gh r markably tron g if r rv d aft r play in g P—Q B3 at

e 4 —A . e e ese , u e s e se e e

t o nt w hi h wo ld h av g iv n Wh it th p rio rity by fa r
h is p i , c u e e e e su e .

Gam 4 — T hi allow th ad v r ar y to blo k Wh it p i fo r a lon g tim M h b tt r w

e . s s e e s c e s
’
ec e s e . uc e e as 1 2
P— Q3 P — K t5 (t h r,
m nothin g b tt r ) 3 B— K3 and if 3 E X E ; 4 P x B 14 R x
12 e e see s e e 1 , 1 . . 1 ,

— Q
I SQ Z F ‘

Gam e 4 .
— B tte e r th an . . P — QR 4 ; E x P , 1 6 B— R 3 1 7 P— K t5, 1 7 R x B ; 1 8 P x B ,
16 18

R K3 K 19 P —QB 4, wt o am 19 QR s
q ; 2 0 B — R 3,
. i h th e sup e ri r g e .

Gam 4 — O prin ip l h o gh t a
e . n d y t o o t n ty fo d lod n
c e e u ad to h v e seiz e th e v e r fir s pp r u i r is gi g the verse
w h i h h am p r d h i d v lo p m nt Q—R 6 at on wo ld h av om p l t ly t rn d th tabl
c e e s e e d e . ce u e c e e u e e es an
Bla k wo ld n v r r ov r from th bad p o ition of hi Paw on th Q id S pp in g 6 Q— R 6
c u e e ec e e s s ns e s e . u os 1 ,

16 Q K t3 o r B4 (o r 7 R x Q 7Q R — K q 8 B —K t 4 8 R — K ; 9 E xB 1 , 1 s . 1 ,
1 2 1 ,

19 R x B ; P — Q4 and m t w i fo
20r w it h d pr a tion W hit w ill b abl to pp o r t hi QP
,
us n, ue ec u s e e e su s

suf fi i ntly and t h n ad v an

c e P — Q B4); 7P — Q4 7 Q R — K q e 8 B — K3 8 P — Q B4 ; 9 P X P
ce 1 ,
1 s . 1 ,
1 1 ,

19 E x P ; Q K t7 B— Q 3 ; P
20 Q B 4 w th a w inn i g ad v anta g20 21 1 n e

Gam 4 —W hit annot b blam d f not in g th mo t wond rf l ombi nation th at th opp n nt

, , .

e e c e e or see e s e u c
'

. e o e

h ad pr p ar d T h mo v i th t xt w v ry fo r ibl til l B t Q— Q q w now th only righ t

e e . e e n e e as e c e s . u s . as e

mov w h r p on no do bt Bla k w o ld h av an w r d P Q B4 with th b tt r g am

e, e eu ,
u , c u e s e e , e e e e

Gam 4 — O of th mo t h a rm in g p o ti al C h om p o ition th at h v r b n d vi d i pr a
e . ne e s c e c ess c s s as e e ee e se n e

ti al p lay
c .

Gam 4 — O f o ur if R —Kt q Bla k tak and mat follow i two mo r mo v by R — K8 h

e . c se s .
,
c es e s n e es c .

B t f ll j ti h not b n don to Mo rph y x tr ao rd inary p o ition j d g m nt w h i h how it ’

u u us c e as ee e s e s u e , c s s

lf xam ination of th f ll wm g lin of d f n

se on e Q Q3 P — B4 e Q — B4 h
o K o es e e ce : 20 ,
20 21 e .
,
21

B q — KR 4 or K — K8
s .
Q , (
22 Q B 4 B l ; 3 Qx P h 3 R B 3 ; 4 Qx
22 R P 4 R ,
22 2 e .
,
2 2 , 2 , ,

and w in ) E X R ; 3 Q X P 3 K—B and w in ith r by R K8 o r B R 6 a o rdin g ly

s ,
22 2 ,
2 z , s e e cc .

Gam 4 —Bla k wo ld h av won m h mo r l g an tly by

e . c u R —K t7 ( t hr at n in g R X R P )
e 3 uc e e e 22 . . . e e 2 ,

—
Q Q3 3 R X B P h 4 K 2 Kt q 4 R K t7 h c ; 5 K mo v 25 R — K t8 mat W s 2 c 2 e s, 2 e e

think it righ t t m ntion th at th i v ariation w fir t d i o v r d by th a th o r tho gh it w aft r

. . . .
, ,

o e s as s sc e e e u , u as e

ward laim d by anoth r p lay r now d a d

c e e e ec e se .

Gam 4 A ft r th i Wh it m t g iv p th Q n a g ain and h i g am i h op l

e .
— e s e us e u e ue e , s e s e ess

Gam 4 —H i b t d f n w now K — Kt
e . s es e e ce as z .

Gam 4 —Fo r if 9 B xB 9 R
e . h and th oth r R mat
2 n xt mo ,
2 c .
,
e e es e ve .
52 T HE DO U B LE R UY LOPE Z FOU R KN I GH T S G AME AND T H R E E KN I GH T S G AME
.
’ ’
.

G am e 5 . G am e 6 .

g ress , 1 88 3 g r ess , 1 883 .

R OS E N T H AL B LA CKBU R N E
ST E I NI T Z . ST E I NI T Z .

—
Q Kt s
T HE DOUB LE R UY LOPE Z FOU R KN I GH T S G A M E A ND T H R E E KN I G H T S G A ME .
’ '
.
53

E n glis c h v . R o s e n th al .

Gam e 5 .
-
We pre fe r K t—K 2 whi h c prep a res P —Q B3 , and w ith th e v ie w of b rin g in g th i s Kt to
Kt3 .

Gam e 5 —A . s u su al ,
it w as u nadvi abl s e to e x h an g
c e th e B fo r a Kt . T he c o r
r ec t play w as Kt
K2 .

Gam 5 —B —K3 wo ld b
e h oi
. I f Bla k h ad p lay d w ll h wo ld h a v n u t ral i d th e o ur c ce . c e e e u e eu ze e

adv anta g of th two B i h o p e e s s .

Gam 5 —W ak H o ld h av at l a t q al i d th g am by B t follow d by P —KK14

e . e . e c u e, e s , e u ze e e e

wh i h wo ld h a k p t W hit Q B h t i
1
’
c u ve e e s s u n .

Gam 5 — Wa t f t m w hi h o ld h av b n b tt r m ploy d by R —K q at on f in tan

e . s e o 1 e c c u e ee e e e e s . ce, or s ce .

Gam 5 —A bold a rifi b tw do bt it ab ol t o rr tn

e . s c ce , u e u s s u e c ec e ss .

Gam 5 thi im pr d nt x h an g h j tifi Wh it v nt r i t l p lay B t anal y i

e . s u e e c e e us es e s
’
e u e n ac ua . u s s

wo l d w th ink prov th t 5 QKt— K t q ; 6 Q— B3 (w

u ,
e , nothin g mo r prom i in g ) 6
e a 1 . s . 1 , e se e e s 1
—
,

K — Kt
,
7Q
— Kt
3 7 K t— R 4; 8 Q —
2 R 4 8 PI K B 3 i i Bla k fav o r ,
1 1 1 s n c
’
s .

Gam 5 —A g ood o r bad lmo t anyth in g l fo r Whit i r to obta in an irr i t ibl at ta k

e . s a s as e se e s su e es s e c

by P— K B 4 I f fo r in tan w 8 P — QR 3
.
7 B
, t 7 E X E 8 P — Q5 s8 B — Kt ; 9 ce no ,
1 . . 1 , 1 1 1 2 1
—
,

Q Q 4 9 K K t R — K3 w it
1 h a w inn in g at ta k z 20 , c .

R os e n th al v ,
S t e in i t z .

Gam y a t
e r an o
6— B
p ition
. of mo v a T h Kn igh t g am p o ition i oon a rr iv dst s es ree s
’
e s s s e a .

Gam 6 —I Col w g iv 8 K Kt— B3

e . nBla k b t m ov b t n ith r i ati fa to ry
. 12 e e 1 . . as c
’
s es e, u e e s s s c ,

and w t hink th Kin g fi h tt will h av t b a bandon d i th T h Kn igh t g am

e e
’
s an c e o e o e e n e re e s
’
e .

Gam 6 —A y h ow w ron g fo r thi B i b tt r p la d at K i th i o p n in g B t th tron g

e . n ,
s s e e ce 2 n s e . u e s

est mov t th i j t r i w b li v P — K R 4
e a s un c u e s, e e e e, .

Gam 6 — M h p rio r W ndo bt dly Q — Q3

e . uc su e as, u u e , .

Gam 6 — O f o r if P—Q B4 Whit wo ld fir t atta k th Q by B — K 4

e . c u se , e u s c e .

Gam 6 —T hi adv a i v r y w ak nd oon a th lo of thi P

e . s nce s e e a s c u se s e ss s .

Gam 6 Fo r d I f R — K q Bla k wo ld till ap t r th B follow d by Q —K 8 h

e .
— ce . s .
,
c u s c u e e e t e .

Gam 6 —T hr a t ni g R X K t
e .
~
e e n .

Gam e 6 A l r atin g d f at b t h i g am w al r ady nt nabl

.
-
c ce e h w tw Pawn b h ind e e , u s e as e u e e as e as o s e

with by far

B l ac kb u rn e vs . S t e i n i tz .

Gam 7 e . mo of bot
—U p to th is
v h p a r t i id nt i al w ith th o i
th eth fo r g o in g g am w ith es e s are e c se n e e e

th x p tion th at Wh it d and 3 d mov w r r v r d i a t al p lay

e e ce
’
e s 2 es e e e e se n c u .

Gam 7 —Comp a r Col fo r th tron g r ontin ation 7 Kt X Kt

e . e . 12
'

e s e c u .

Gam 7 — M h b tt r w 9 P Q4 I f Wh it x h an g d i th n tr it wo ld h av l d to a
e . uc e e as . .
— . e e c e n e ce e u e e

p o ition v r y im ila r t th at a rriv d t i th pr vio g am on Bla k

s e s th mo v
o w ith th p o ition e a n e e us e c
’
s 12 e e s

of th d f n ligh tly p rio r I f h ow v r Whit ad v an d P—K5 th Kt o l d r t at

e e e ce s su e .
, e e , e ce ,
e c u e re to

Q w it h an v n g am
2, e e e .

Gam 7 —M h inf rio r to Kt—K q follow d by P— QB3 i

e . uc e Wh it r p l i d B R 6 a f t s .
,
e ,
n c ase e e e —
,
er

w hi h Bla k wo ld obta in an x ll nt g am by P — KB4

c c u e ce e e .

Gam 7 No mo r ati fa to ry w
e .
— Kt h ; 3 K t e t 3 K sX B 4 Q —
s Q4 h c 4 as 12 . . e . 1 ,
1 1 e .
,
1

K— K t q (if P K B3 s 5 K t— R 4 o r Q follow d by P — K B4 w ith a t

.
g atta k ) 5 1 ,
2 e ,
s rro n c 1

Q — B6
5 B — K 3)o r, 5 K t B 1
3 6 Q Q X follow d by K t —
Q5) ; 6 K t— Q 4 1 w i h an.
x ll n t .
— 1 e 1 ,
t e ce e

atta k fo r if 6 K t— B3 7 Q X Q 7 QR X Q (if K t Wh it an w r ff t ally K t

c ,
1 . . 1 , I e s e s e ec u

K t5); 8 Kt t w ith th
1 p rio r g am e su e e .

Gam 7 I f 3 P K B4 ; 4 P — KB4 4 KKt— B3 5 P x P 5 Ktx P

e .
— 1 . .
-
1 , 1 1 ,
1

Kt 7 K t— Q5 w ith a fi a tta k
1 ,
ne c .
54 T HE DOUB L E R UY LOP E Z . FO UR KN GH T S G A M
I ’
E A ND T H R E E KNI G H T S GAME ’
.

GA M E N O . 5 .

Wh it ’
e s 1 5th mov e .
Q t
B P .

B LA CK — R S N H AL
O E T .

W H I T E—E N G L SC H
I .

GA M E N O . 6 .

Ll ov e 29 o o 0 o R — K sq
B LA CK— ST E I NI T Z .

\V H I T E —R O S E N T H AL . \V H I T E — B LAC K B U R N E .
 T H E S C O T C H GA M B I T

T is h o p enin g w h ic h is o n e of th e str on g est in prac ti c al p l ay as w e l l as i n th e o ry is

, ,

ad y m e n t ion e d by ol d I t ali an w r i t e r s b u t d e r i v e d its n am e an d its i n tr od uc t ion i n t o

,

o r c h i e fl y fr om the m at c h b e t w ee n E dinbu rgh an d L ondon p l ay e d i n 1 8 2 6 2 8 -

.

fo r mi d abl e att ack i n th i s o p e nin g is th e o n e i n w h ic h the P is i mm e di at e ly

g the Q fi l e fo r Wh ite an d l ib e rat in g the KBP fo r
o we ve r th at o u r n e w d e fe nc e p oin t e d o u t i n Col wi th
, 3 .

e s ou ght t o g iv e th e se con d p l ay e r a sat i sfac t o ry g am e w h ic h at ,

ec t h im t o suc h c om p li c at e d att ack s as Bl ac k h as t o s ustain i n

Fi rst i n o r d e r h ow ev e r we h av e p l ac e d an e n t i re ly ne w l in e of
, ,

i n an sw e r t o a m ov e w h ic h we h av e ou rsel v es fav o re d i n prac t ic e

, ,

Q .
— R 5 T h e pr o p o si t i on s w h i c h we m ak e i n Col s 1
. .

n te rac tin g th is sally i n it i at e a n e w l in e of attac k r est in g

, ,

it e s combi n e d t wo B i sh o p s an d Bl ack s i n ab il it y t o c ast l e

’ ’

th e fo r m o f att ac k w h i c h w e sugg est h as th e ad v an t ag e of

t o o ne m ain l in e Of p l ay on the sth mo v e an d ,

no b e tt e r o pt ion th an t o e x c h an g e B f or K t an d t o
comb in at ion of t wo B ish o p s Wh i t e s Kt is al so th e n
.
’

n st th e w e ak Q BP by b e in g p l ac e d at Q B w h e r e as i n
3 ,

s q u ar e fo r m s th e b asi s o f o p e r at ion s fo r Wh it e s K t an d the

’

m o r e di ffi c ul t .

col u mn s th e i d e a of adv an c in g 7 P— Q 4 w ith the v ie w of g i vin g

.

ned . Col 5 r e pr ese n t s the l e ad in g fo r m of Bl ac k s co u n t e r attack

.
’

v on G o ttsc h al l i n the D euts cfi e S efi acfi z eztung w h ic h r ests c h ie fl y

'

m o ve 1 2 Kt— Kt5
. . I n Col 6 we pr o p o se q u i t e an o r i gin al l in e of p l ay in
.

th e sac r i fi c e of a R fo r Bl ack We th ink th at th i s v ar i at ion i f ado pt e d i n prac tic e

.

t o l ead to v ario us b rilli an c i es T he fac t th at Wh it e s K t is o u t of p l ay prac t ic al ly

.
’

th e sac r i fi c e t o th at of th e e x c h an g e only an d th e und e v e lo p e d st at e of Wh it e s

’

is in ab il it y t o c ast l e see m t o us t o g iv e Bl ack su ffi c i e n t att ac k in g c om p e nsa

fo r the v e n t u r e .

I n Col 7 we d iff e r ag ain fr om th e au th o r i t ies w h o we th ink fo r i n su ffi c i e n t r e as o ns

.
, , ,

he QKt b e d e v e lo p e d at OR 3 i n st e ad o f i n th e n at u r al way at Q B 3
,
I t see m s to us .

th e sac rifi c e of th e P w h ic h we aft e r w ar d r e comm e nd g iv es W h i t e a p ow e rful

,

I n th en e x t three c olu mn s we di sp o se of three d iff e re n t l in e s of attac k wi th som e

1 mod ifi c at ion s i n e ac h an d d e mon str at e th e m in fav o r of th e the d e fe nc e Bu t i n .

1 1 ,
w h ic h is a v ariat ion of Col 1 0 the att ack w in s on accoun t of an unfav o r abl e
.
,

1 Bl ac k ,
w h ic h h i th e rt o h as h el d g ood i n th e o ry an d prac t ic e owin g to the sim ,

e 1 1 B— B z w h ic h we pr o p o se h av in g b ee n o v e r l ook e d
, ,
.

1 2 w e an aly z e i n a n e w way th e str on g est c on t in u at ion i n th i s fo r m

7 B — K t 5
,
a n d w e th i nk we s h ow satisfac t o r i ly th ou gh i n a no v el
,

ou ght t o ob t ai n the ad v an t age .

58 T HE SCOT CH G A MB I T .

I n Col 1 3 we th in k th e F r ase r att ac k in the S c o t c h G ambi t rec e iv es a fai r answ e r

.

sh o win g th at th e sec on d p l ay e r o ug h t t o m ain t ain th e P wi th ou t b e in g su bj e c t e d t o mu c h

d isadv an t age in p o sit ion I n the o th e r c ol u mn s of th at p ag e we h av e m ad e d iff e r e n t

.

se l e ct ion s fr om v ar iat ion s al r e ady k nown w ith sl ight al t e r at ion s an d add it ion s .

I n Col 1 9 we sh ow th at an att ac k by 6 B— KKt5 w h ic h h ith e rt o h as b e e n h e l d t o

.

l e ad t o an e v e n g am e is un t e n abl e an d l e ad s t o d isast e r if c on t in ue d w ith o u r n e w m ov e

8. K— Q sq . Col 2 0 is an in ge n iu s v ar iat ion q u o t e d fr om the C /z es s M o n tniy
. .

b u t no t t ak e n u p i n boo k s on th e g am e as f ar as w e are aw ar e Col 2 1 was al re ady . .

g i v e n in the I n tern ation al C/ze s s M ag az ine in a g am e b e t w een S e no r Golm ayo an d

C apt ain M ac k e n z i e b u t h as no t o th e r w ise b ee n m e n t ion e d i n th e o re t ic al tr eat i ses I n
, .

Col 2 2 we endo rse a d e fe n c e h ith e rt o h e l d w e ak w h il e ano th e r w h i c h was c on sid e re d

.
,

th e b est is in th e n e x t t wo col umn s pr ov e d t o b e u nfavo r abl e an d n e w l in es of p l ay no t ,

t n o tic e d are i n tr oduc e d i n t o th e c ol u mn s w ith no t e s

-
e
y .

Col s 2 5 t o 2 7 c on t ain nov e l t i e s by P r ofesso r B e rg e r first p ubl ish e d in the I n ter

.

n atio n al C nes s M ag az ine Col 2 8 is t ak e n fr om a g am e b e t w ee n th e au th o r an d Z uke r

. .

“
t o rt S om e o rigin al an alysis w ill h ow e v er b e found in the l ast two c olumn s of th at
.
, ,

t abl e .

I n Col 3 1 w e pr o p o se t o sh ow th at th e c apt u r e of a P w h ic h h i th e rt o was c o n

.

sid e re d u n soun d m ay b e safe ly ado pt e d an d by a l itt l e al t e r at ion in the con t in uat ion
,

o ff e re d by the au th o r it ie s fo r th e d e fe n c e we th ink th at we pr ov e o ur c on t e n t ion I n

, .

the n e x t c ol u mn a l in e of p l ay w h ic h oc cu rr e d b e t w ee n M essr s R o se n th al an d B ir d is .

q uo t e d an d c on t ain s we b e l ie v e the b est mo v es on e ac h sid e i n th at v ariat ion Col 3 3

, , . .

giv es a n e w suc c essful d e fenc e t o a th eo r e t ic al att ack w h il e the n e x t c ol umn sh ow s th at

th e h ith e rt o au th o r iz e d d e fe n c e m e r e ly l ead s t o an e v e n g am e Col 3 5 c on t ain s som e . .

e x p l an at o ry add it ion s of a c om p l ic at e d coun t e r att ac k as e x am p l es an d in Col 3 6 t h e

-
.
,

l ast two m o v es on e ac h sid e are n e w an d w e b e l ie v e a gre at i m pr ov e m e n t fo r th e d e fe n c e

,

of Co u n t V itz th o u n e s att ac k ’
.

I n Col 3 7 th e d e fe
. n c e 5 Q — B 3 i n l a st n
. am e d
. att ac k is w e b e l i
-
e v e sh own , ,

t o b e d an ge r o us at l east th ou gh i t u se d t o b e appr ov e d of by the au th o rit ies T he

, .

n e x t t wo c olumn s con t ain ob sol e t e d efe n c es w h ic h h ow e v e r are of som e th e o r e t ic al , ,

v al u e b e in g tre at e d in a n ew m ann e r an d m ay b e of use t o b eginn e rs I n Co

,
.

v
e e r 4 ,
B — K
. t 5 c h .s ee m s t o u s t o b e
. q u it e as g ood a s 4 B— B4 a . .
,

e v e n b et t e r fo r we b e li e v e th t
,
a th e m n l n of tt k by
ai i e a a c 6 0 — D w h ic h u se d
d r ead e d fo r m e r ly is su ffi c i e n t ly m e t by ou r n e w a n sw e r 6 —
Q B3 T he n e x t t wo . . .

u m n s sh ow th e r e su l t of o th e r d e fe n c es an d e n d fav o r ably fo r the att ac k .

O n th e n ex t t abl e th e mo st no t e wo rth y innov at ion s are th o se of Col 4 6 as th e 5 .

,

p o si t ion m ay arise in th e D an ish G ambi t an d we pr o p o se t o sh ow by a n e w pr o c ess

th e tw o P awn s m ay b e m ain t ain e d w ith o u t d an g e r I n the follow in g c ol umn s of .

t abl e w e sh ow th e d an ge r of o th e r d e fe n c e s th at h av e h ith e rt o b ee n r ec omm e nd e d ,

e sp ec ially th e l in e of att ac k in Col 4 8 w il l b e fo u nd in t e r est in g . .

I n th e l ast t abl e som e infe rio r d e fe nc es are e x am in e d c h ie fl y by ou r own i ,

p e nd e n t an aly sis an d in som e v ar i at ion s ou r conclu sion s d iff er from th o se

,

au th o r s .
 T HE SCO T CH G A MB I T

4Q— R s
Q K t— B
3 l 2 B— K3
B — K t5 5Q K2

K t — K t5 K —B
Q t 3
6Q X P ch . 3 BB t
B— K 2 B xB
7B x Kt ch .
7K t— B3
Kt Bt
8Q— Q s BQ X K t P BQ x B
B— Qs B — B3 K t—Qs
KK t— K 2 4 9Q —R 6 gQ— Q sq .

O— O K t— Q 5 B— Q3
l ll —Q R 3 1U K— Q s
q . 6 10K t— K 2

Q —R +
5 D B — B4 0— 0
11 11W , “
Q,
K t>< P D
I ZK t
Q >< P eh + 7
13
.

Col mn u 1 . Mov e 11 .
—
Q R5 . Col mn 9 ? Mov
u e 12 .
.
Kt BP .

B LA CK . B LA CK .

WH I T E .
WHI T E .
 T HE SCOT C H G AMB I T . 61

C 01 . 1 .
-
If 3 . . P —Q3 4 P — B3 w ith th e su p er io r g am e .

Col —By a tr an po iti on of mo v th am p o ition may b a rriv d at i

. 1 . f th o rd ina r y
s s es e s e s e e n o ne o e

v a riation al r ady i v o g i 5 K t—K ts 5

s B — K t5 h ; 6 OKet — B3 n ue , v z . : , e .

Col —I f 6 K Q q ; 7 Q—Os 7 Q— K ; 8 P —QR 3 and w pr f r Wh it fo r if 8

. 1 . .
— s .
,
z e e e e,

Col 1 — Or
9 K t— K t5 10 K t—K ts, 10 Kt eh ; Qt 1 1 Q xQ11 (o r —
Q K4
—
. . . .
,
. .

ch 12 K— Q 12 P X Q, 12 K—Q sq ; . 13 B — B4, 1 3 P—
Q3 ; 1 4 Q R QB O r ii 9 .

Q — K4 eh ; . 10 B — K3 , e tc .

Col . 1 .
—O
; 11 K t— K ts, 1 1 Q — Kt
3 12 B — K3 , 12 —
Q R4 ; 13 P —QB3 , 13 K t—Q4 ;
14 P —O Kt4 + , fo r if 14 . . Kt , Wh it an w e s e s r E XP ch .

Col . 2 .
— No b tt e e r is 1 0 .
Q.
— K eh
3 ; . 11 K — B sq , 1 1 K— Q sq ; . . 12 K R —K t sq .
, 12 P — KKt3 ;
13 K B — Kt4 , 13 P —B 4 1 4 B — K t5 c h .
,
1 4 KK t— K 2 1 5 Q—Q z , thr at nin g R —K
e e sq .
+

Col . 2 ft r .
—A e . K -
Kt3 I 4 B —K3 eh .
,
14 K —R 4 ; 15 Q —B 5 ch .
,
15 P — OKt4 ; 16 B — Q2
ch . Wh it mat e es in tw o mo r mo v e es .

Col .
3
— O r 8 Q —Q 3 8 K t
.
, 9 Qt , 9 P — Q3 .

Col 4 .
5 P B
Q 3 5Q
,
— K
. z 6—
Q
If —Q3 ,
6 B t — 7 P x B, 7
—
Q Kt5 c h . and w in s. Or if 5
Kt t, 5 Q — B 3 6 Q— B 3 , 6 Q t .

Col 4 . .
—A n i n g n ioe us d f n fir t adop t d b y D r
e e ce s e -
. I s aa on a g ain t Z
cs s uk e rtort . Comp ar e I n terna

l ion e l s ess M agaz i Vol p

n e, J ly 8 8 6 . 2, . 2 1 0, u ,
1 .

Col .
4 .
—
8 Kt t, 8 (2t l ad to an v n g am e s e e e.

C 01 4 . O r 9 P xB , 9 0 — 0 ; 1 0 P x P , 1 0 R
.
—
Q q ;
s 1 1 K t X B P , 1 1 Q— K 4 ; 1 2 K t ,
— . 12 Ktx
P ; 1 3 K — B z 1 K t— K B ; 1 4
, 3 3 Q —K s , 1 K t— K t eh
q 4 5 ; 1 5 K — K t s
q , 1 5 R — Q ;
8 . . . 16 Q
K2 , 1 6 K t P ; 1 7 K— B z , 1 7 K t — K t5 eh ; 1 8 K —B 3 es , 1 8 Q— B4 eh ; 1 9 K— K t3 , . b t . 19 R
and w n
‘

— B
Q 6 e h ; 2 0
Q X R ,
20 Q .
7 c h i s . .

Col 4 — O r I 3 Q Q
— K t— Kt
z, 13 s ( h e r is e QcK t— K2
i pr e v e th e 14 ot w Bla k w ll nt e sc ap e of th e
—
. .
,

Kt by P Q K 4 oh ; 1 5 B — Kz 1 5 K.t >< P ; 1 6 0 — 0 1 6 K t— B s .
, ,
17 B — B 4, 17

K t — R 5+ . I f 1 3 Q— K B4, 1 3 K t— K 4 e s —
Q Kz follow d mo tly by

Col 5 —A mov gg t d by H rr v on Gott h all i th D t fi

. . e su es e e sc n e eu sc e

Col 5 — I f Kt —QR 3 Bla k an w r fo r ibly B — Kts

I

. . c s e s c .

Col 5 — Con tin d 7 Kt— R 3 (if 7 Q— Q 7 R — K8 h and mat ue I 1 z ,

1 c .
, e s
’
n x t mo v
e e ) ,
17 . .
QR
B q 8 B —B 4 8 R — K6 ; 9 Q —Q 9 Q —Kt6 and h o ld w i
. .

s 1 ,
1 1 z ,
1 ,
s u n.

Col . 6 Wh it annot g iv p th Q fo r anoth R h i Kt h no ap

.
— e c h p lay Q e u e er as s as e sc e , no r c an e

KE 2 Bla k o ld w i by R — OS h Lik w i if Q— K
as c c Kt —
u K4 3 K t— Q 3 Kt n c . e se , 12 2, 1 2 1 2, 1

Q6 e h ; 4 K— Q q .
4 B —Kt5 and
1 w in Ag a in if Q Q B Bla k r p lsi Kt Q4 with a
.
,
1 s. 12 - 2, c e es -

fi ne atta k c .
62 T HE SCOT C H G A MB I T .

P — K4 K K t—B 3
15 K4 2Q Kt— B 3

Cl m
o u n 7 . M ove 11 . B—Kz . Col mn
u 10 . Mov e 11 .

B LA CK . B LA CK .

WH I T E . \V H I T E .
64 T HE SCOT CH G A MB I T .

K4
P
—
"

1P -
K4

13 14 15
_
KK t K B 3 2 9 Q Q3 Kt —Kt5
C/
-

5Q x K P
.

ch .
5 B K t5 c h 3 4 .
‘
.

B K2 30 P —B3 K t— Q z ?
BQ K2 ! 31 6Q P t BQ X P ch .
6
QB K K t; K t— B 3 33 B K3 B— K2
7K t— B 3 7 7Q >< K tP
I
K B —Q K t5 B —R 4

Kt— B 3 Kt Qz B — B3
BQ — Q
fi

S
q
BB >< K t 8Q—Q 4 ! 3 5 8Q — R 6
Bt E xB Q R4
é K t>< P c h
n
-

B 9K t>< P gP —
QR 3 gK — Q sq

Kt OS —
Q K3 OX E Kt
l fl Q __Q S q
fi 10
0 I UQ t 10
K t— B 3

Kt Q4 3 2 P — K Kt3 OX Q P —B 3
11K t )( Kt 1l Q -
m

Q sq . D 11P X Q 1I R —K sq . ch

Qt Q X Kt B— Kz
12P —
Q3 + 12R —K s
q .
12Q —K t
7

B K5 R —B sq 3 6
13P — K B3 + 13K t —K4 } D
.

' ~

Col mn u 14 . Mo ve 1 1 .
—
Q Q sq . Col mn u 16
. Mov 3
e 1 .

B LA CK . B LA CK .

WH I T E . WHI T E .
 TlI l SCO T C H G AM BI T
“
. .

Col . 13 .
—T h is atta k i c s th e i n v ntion of M r G B Fr a
e . . . se r of D und ee .

Col . 13 .
— I f 6 B —K3 6 K t—Kt5 , 7 14 1— 11 3, 7 K t—
Qi ér e z
mr z .

L
E—
Col .
—A 13 . ft
B — Kt5 eh ; 7 P — B3 , 7 B B4 8 0 — 0 , 8 K t— B 3 9 P— Q Kt4 , 9
e r6 . . .
—K2 B
1 0 K t— Q z, 1 0 —
Q Q4 ; 1 1 B — B 4, 1 1 Q — K R 4 ; 1 2 R — K s
q , 1 2 P —
Q3 ; 3 1 P — KR 3, 1 3 Kt .

Q q ; 4
s 1 K t r if 6 P — Q3 7; 0 — 0 7 Q — K z ; 8 OR — K s q 8 B— K 3 ; 9 K B
—
.
.
, , . .

K — K K K — K — K — — — K
Q 5 9Q Q
t ,
2 ; 1 0 t Q 4 , 1 0 t 2 1 1 Q B t5, 1 1 P Q R 3 1 2 B R 4,
1 2 P Q t4 ;
1 3 Kt , 1 3 XP K t 1 4 B — K t3, 41 P —
Q4 1 5 P — Q 4,
R e P — R 5 i h th e sup e ri r follow d by wt o
g am e .

Col . 13 .
— Or 11 B —Kts, 11 B —
K2 ; 12 —
Q K2 ,
12 P— QR 3 + .

Col — O r 7 K t— Qz 7 B — B4 ; 8 P — KK t3 8 Q— R 4 ; 9 Kt
14 —
K t3 9 Q B —K K t5 10 B —K 3 ,
R—
. .
, , ,

10 Q q
s ; 1 1 Q — B 4 1 1 E x B ; 1
. 2 P x B 1 2 B — B 6+ , , .

C ol mak no d iff r n i
15 It
-
o p in ion w h th r th i h b g iv n at on o r aft r Q X P h
es e e ce n o ur e e s c e e ce e c

T h r a on a g a i n t th latt r g iv n by om a th o riti i th t aft r —

. . . .

on tin at on 7 W 4
K3 6 B
e e s s
Q X Pe h 6 B e e s e u es s, a e c .
, ,

Kt5 h ; W hit may an w r 7 K t Q

c .
— b t w th t
i e h i B R 8 P
s
—
QB 3 (we 2, u e c u . e

seenothin g b tt r ) 8 Q—Q4 ; W arriv at th am p o ition i th ma in ol mn

e e ,
e e e s e s as n e c u s
.

Col 5 — I f 8 Q — Kt3 ; 9 Kt— QB4 9 P — QR 3

. 1 . . t Q4 B — Kt3 Kt t Qx ,
10 ,
10 1 1 ,
1 1

Kt ; B xB P xB ; 3 Q — Q4 3 Q— KB3 ; 4 Q xQKtP !
‘

12 ,
12 1 ,
1 1 .

Col 6 — T h abov v ari at ion o rr d b tw n M

. 1 . e e s cc u e e ee e ss s r .in th eR o senth al
en and St init
e z Bad
T o r nam nt
u 8 7 w it h th follow in g ont in ation
e , 31 0, e c u 1 .
—
Q4 1 4 K t— B 4 (if 1 4 Q — K t3 , 1 4
P —Q3 ; 15 K— Q sq .
,
15 R xB ; 16KXR ,
1 6 B— K t5 c h , 1 7 K — K t— Q5 . 18 Po t,
18 Q — K
4 ch .
,
and win ) s , . . E XP ch .
,
1 5 P X B , 1 5 K tx P ; 1 6 K t 16R t ; 1 7 E XR ,
17 Kt 18 R t ,
18 Q x P + .

C ol . 17 . . P— Q R 3 ; 11 K K t—Q B3 , 11 K K t— K 2 12 P — KK t3 , 12 —
Q R3! may , we b lie eve ,

al s o b p lay d w th af ty
e e i s e .

Col 8 — T h mov i thi ol mn o rr d b tw n M r

. 1 . e es n s c u ccu e e ee e ss s . Bl ac kb urn e and St in it e z in th e 4th
g am of th ir mat h of 8 76
e e c 1 .

Col 8 — I th ixth g am of th am mat h Wh it p lay d

1 n e s e e s e c e e 10 K Kt—R 3 , and th n fol low d
e e 11
—
. .

.
—
Q Qs ; 12 —
Q K t5 ch .
,
12 —
Q B3 ; 13 Q Q 2 , 13 Qt P+
66 T HE SCO T CH GA MB I T .

KKt—B 3

19 20
Q Kt—B3 Kt t
5B—Kt5 5K tP )( K t
QB — K K t5 P
6P—K R 3 6P—Q4
Bt P—K5 P

0—0
K—
Q sq ! D4 O BKE —QB4

QQ >< Q
R —K sq O— O

0 —0
l ip 45 11Q >< K tP K t— B sq

Pt
I zB x B
Q xB + 47 K
13 B— K 2

—
Q R

Col mn
u 19 . Mov 8
e . . K—Q sq . Col mn
u 20 .

B LA C K .

WHI T E .
WHI T E .
68 T HE SCOT CH G A MB I T .

4B —
B4

K t— B 5 58
—
P Q4 59

K t>< P c h 60
6K — B
.

s
q .

B— Q3 K t— R 5 61
O —
O 55 7Q -
R

K t— K t3
8P —B
4
8P— Q4 8K t —B 3
— Bz B— K 2
Q P xP PXP
O— O

B ~
K t5 c l 1 B —Q 2 B —Q3 B — K K t5 P— K R 3 B — K3
1U K B 10 10 10
.

sq .
P — Q4 P— Q4 P —B 3 56 10
R -
KKt sq + 1[I BX B
D 62
.

Q Q3 48 0 — 0— 0 O O — O Kt -
K2 P xB
1I P X P 1I P_OS 11P —B
5
11B —
Q3 11K t >< K P
P K t— K t sq B— K z K t— K t3 Q2
Q -

l 12B >< B 12B 12

.

XI
’
ch . ch . R3 ! P— K R 3 12K t— Q5 ~
l)

B— K3 3 B Q2 B Q3
13KR -
q +54 13Kt—Kt5 l - 57 13B —B4 +

Col mnu 2
9 . Mov e 10 . . R K K t sq . Col mn 3
u 0 . Mov e 12 . K t—Q s .

B LA CK . B LA CK .

WHI T E . WH I T E .
 T HE SCOT CH G AMB I T . 69

C 01 . 25 ,. P—I f
xQ ; 1 2 B xQ eh
1 1 ,
1 2 KBt
x B 1 3 P — QR 3 , 1 3 P t 1 1 .
; 14 P xB, 14 PX
KtP ; 1 5 Q R —K t sq , 1 5 Q R — K t sq + (S al vio li) I n th e ie T u . . . V nna o r nam n t e ,
1 882 , b tw n
e ee

Pa l n and
u se Z uk e rto rt, c c u e 1 1 Q— B z , 1 1 P —Q5 1 2 0 — 0—0, 1 2 P t o rr d ; 13 P —K 5, 13

P—K R 3 (if 13 . .
Q xP ; 14 R — Q8 e h .
,
14 K -
Kz ; 15 Bt 14 Pt ,
14 Kt P+ .

Col . 25 .
— Contin d ue 13 . . Kt ; 14 K B— Q B 6, 14 Kt t ; 15 BX R ,
1
5 K t —K 5 d is . eh .
; 16
P — Q B3 + (S al vio l i) .

Col . 26 —I f 9 . . . P — Q4 ; 10 B — K t5 e h .
,
10 K— B sq .
; 1 1 B — B 6, 1 1 Q R — K t sq ; . 12 —O + .

Col . 26 — Or 1 1 . P <P ; § 12 K t>< P , 12 Kt t 13 Pt ,

13 E xB ch . i
(f 13 . .
Q x P 14 P
1 4 R xB
Q 3,
B e tc .
)
Col 6 — T hi v a riat ion i xt r a t d from an analy i of th i f o r m of o p n in g by P r of o r B rg r
2 . s s e c e s s s e ess e e ,

wh i h app a r d i th I t ti l Cl w M g i of D
c e e n 88 7 P rof o r B rg r d i m i
e n erna ona a s a az ne ec .
, 1 . e ss e e s sses

h r th g am i fav o r of Bla k
e e e a o nt of th latt r pr o p tiv atta k on th p n QK t fi l
e n c 0 11 cc u e e
’
s s ec e c e O e e .

W do not h ow v r a gr w ith th i on l ion and

e ,
al r ady tat d i th abo v q ot d j o rnal
e e , ee s c c us ,
as e s e n e e u e u ,

w t h ink t h at th w akn of Bla k d b l d P w and fa r adv an d QP fo r th nd in g w ill not b ’

e e e ess c s ou e a n ce e e , e

o tw igh d by any fo r mation of atta k a g ain t Wh it K in g g ; 3 B — K3 4 K t— B4 4

u e e c s e s
’
, e . . 1 . 1 ,
1

Q R — Kt
q ; 5Q — K t3 5 R — Kt
s 5 6
. P —K t3 t hr
1 at n in g Q —K
5 follow d by K t— R 5 o r , 1 1 ,
‘

e e , e ,

K t— K 5 at on w ith th p rio r g am ce e su e e .

Col 7 — I f 3 B — K t5 3 B — B4 ; 4 B —K 3 4 E x B ; 5 Q xB 5 P—QB4 +
. 2 . 1 ,
1 1 ,
1 1 , 1 .

Col 7 —T h abo v l in of p lay o rr d i a on ltation g am b tw n M r Ba

. 2 . e e e ccu e n c su e e ee e ss s . ue r ,
Ba rn and es

C ri p i a g ain t M r R i h t r D r R o nth al and S g r

s , s e ss s . c e , . se ee e .

Col 8 — I f 7 P —Q4 ; a p o ition a i imila r to th at i Col

. 2 . . . and W hit may x h an g s r se s s n . 2 1, e e c e

Pawn follow d by B — K t5 h w it h a g ood g am v n if Bla k aft rwar d fo r m a do bl P by

s e e e, e e c e s u e

Fo r Wh it Q n will b q ntly nt r at Q4 follow d oon by P— QB4

.
,
’
Bt . e s uee su se ue e e ,
e s .

Col 8 — B tt r th an
. 2 Bt
.
; P x eB P —
e K R 3 (n ar y Wh it thr at n B t 10 . . 11 , 11 ec e ss ,
as e e e s ,

follow d by Q —R 5 I f
e P — Q 3 ;
B P Q 4B P —Q5 ; 3 P —B5+ . Ag ain if B 11 . . 12 —
, 12 1 .
,
11 .

B—K 3 w it h th
.

— K3 P 12 p rio r g am 12 e su e e .

Col 8 — T h abo v mov o rr d i th ond mat h g am b tw n M r St in it and Z k

. 2 . e e es cc u e n e sec c e e ee e ss s . e z u er

tor t i 886 w ith th x p tion of a tran p o ition of mov Fo r Bla k p lay d 7 P—Q4 and
n 1 ,
e e ce s s e s. c e . .
,

aft r th x h an g of Pawn both id a tl d

e e e c e s, s es c s e .

Col . 2atta k w introd d by B r n and fo r om t im w m h i fav o r

9 .
— T h is c as uc e u s e e as uc n .

Col 9
.
— T h r igh t d f n
2 . w h i h w b l i v w fir t ado pt d by th R W W yt I f 5
e e e ce , c e e e e as s e e ev . . a e . . .
Q
—B
3 6 K —B 3 6 K K t —K 7 K t—tK3 w ith a g ood g am , 2 ,
e .

Col 9 — H 6 P X P ?6 B t ; 7 P X Kt 7 E X P h ; 8 K X B 8 Q X Q ; 9 I X P 9 Q— Q4 +
. 2 .
. , e .
,
’
, .

Col 9 — O 7 Q xP 7 Q x Q ; 8 P xQ 8 K t— Kt5 +
. 2 . r , , .

Col 9 — T hr at n in g R X K t with an irr i t ibl atta k

. 2 . e e es s e c .

Col .
30 .
-
Obvio ly if us 14 Qt , I 4R —
K s
q .
; and if 15 B —K4 , th n R x B
e .
 T HE SCO T CH G AMB I T .

K K t— B3

35
K t— K t5
5Kt —
R3

Kt P —
Q R5
6m m
Bt ch

7E x P 7K x B
.

Kt x B Q — R ch
5
BP )< K t B
.

P —K K t3
— Kt
Q
nQ
3 B
9Q— B3 67 P— 4

Q B — K K t5 P xP 71
111Q—4 fi ° 111R — K q
, s . ch

P —K 5 K -
Q sq 72
11P 1I R — K4
.

—
Q4 68

E xP P— QB4
12QK t— K 2 I ZQ -
R 5 17 -
‘

D
Bt

Col mn 3 5 Mov
u . e .
—
Q R5. Col mn 36 Mo v
u . e 1 1 .
QR — K sq .

B LA CK . B LA CK .

WHI T E . WHI T E .
72 T HE SCO T CH G AMB I T .

Col m
u n 37 . Mov e 1 1 P— B6
. Col mn 4
u 0 . Mov e 10 . . P —Q 4 .

B LA CK . B LA CK .

W HI T E .
 TllE SCO T CH G A MB I T .
73

C 01 3 7
. .
— Or 8 . . K t— K4 ?; 9 Kt P, 9 R t ; 10 Q B —KKt5, 10 K t— B 6 c h ; .
11 Pt , 11

—
Q K4 ; 12 E xP

Col 3 7 — I f
. . P xP Q B —KKt5; —
3 Q Q 5 and w in B t it 12 ,
12 1 s
. u is not e

wo rth y th at Whit wo ld lo by 3 P X R q in g 3 B X Q 4 Q —B 6 4 KKt—Kt5

e u se 1 ue e n , 1 1 ,
1 .

Col .
38 .
—Be st . If 6 . B — K t5 —
7 Q K t3 7 B t , ; 8 Qt P , 8 K— Q 2 9 Q X R , 9 Q—K t3
10 P —K K t3 , 10 —
Q K t5 11 R — K sq .

Col .
3 8 —. Fo r 10 . . K— Q sq . is Bla k c
’
s
|b es t an w s e r; n
si c e , if 10 . . P —Q B3 , Wh it e an w s r
e s

Kt>< P .
1

Col 39
— 5 P — QB3 5 P x P ; 6 K t P
>< , 6 B — K3 ; 7 E X E , 7 P X B 8 Q— K t3 8 —
Q B sq ; 9 KK t
o pi n ion w ll d f n bl fo Bla k w o o t to maintain th P Pl
. . .
, ,

-
K t5 is, in o ur , e e e si e r c , h u gh e us .

Col 39 — Not 8 KB—QKt5 at on on a o nt of 8 P t

. .
9 Kt t 9 QXQ h ; KXQ ce cc u . .
,
c . 10 ,

1o P—Q R 3 B R4 B— Q r o v rin g th p i
11 , 11 2, ec e e ece .

Col 39 — O 8 P— B3 9 QB X BP 9 P X B
. . r .
Q —
. R 5 h K — K E x P thr at ni g , 10 e .
, 10 z 11 , e e n

mat by Q— B 7 + T hi ol mn i q ot d f r om a g am b tw n Bil g and v on d L a a

e . s c u s u e e e ee ue r er s .

Col .
40 .
— O r 7 P x P 7 P— Q 3 + , .

Col .
42
— T o si
. mp lify matt e s r . If Bla k t y to k
c r ee p both Pawn s he may get nto d iffi ltie
i cu s, e . g .
,

10 . . P —Q3 11 B — Q3 , 11 Q B — B4 ; .
12 K t —R 4, 12 —
Q R4! 13 Kt ,
13 Kt t ; 14 B t ,

14 Q xB ; 1 5 P xP , 15 E xP 1 6 E xP , e tc .

Col .
42 .
— T h is v ariation o cc u rr ed in a g am by o rr p ond n b tw n E d inb
e c es e ce e ee rgh
u and Londo n

in 1 82 7 .
74 T HE SCOT CH G A MB I T .

43 46
B — Q B4 P— QB 3
B — K t5 c h .
4P >< P
P B3 B— QB 4 93
P xP 5m
O— O OB x P
P xP ? BP — B 7 BP — Q3 BB -
K t5 c h .

OE XP 0x ? O— O K t—B 3
K t— B 3 7P— QS K t— R 3 K t— B3

Kt —
K t5 ~
8 5 P— QR 3 Kt— Q4 K t— K t5
O -
O B — B4 8Kt— K4 K t— K4

P K5 P — QK t4 B — K t3 B — K t3
P —Q4 86 9B -
K t3 9P —KK t4 D 9 4 0— 0

— Kt P — K t3
Pt Q 3 95 0— 0
P xB 1U —
Q K2
Q — R
5 K t— B 3 R — K sq P — K B4
11K t 11B — K t 11
.

P— KR 3 —
B3 2 96 ~
B — B4 c h .

P xP + 8 7 B - KK 15 + K— R sq

12 12
.

Col m
u n 46
. Mov 9 e . . P — K K t4 . Col mn u 48 . Mov e 10 .

B LACK .
B LA CK .

WHI T E .
WHI T E .
 T HE SCO T CH G A MB I T .

Kt X K t

P — K B4

P xP + D 1 01

Col mn 5
u 0 . Mov e 14 . P xP . Col mn 5 u 2 . Mov e 10 . K t— K4 .

B LA CK . B LA CK .

W HI TE . WHI T E .
 T HE SCO T C H G AM B I T .
77

C 01 49
. .
— Fr om a g am b tw n GO i g and W Pa l n (S
e e ee rn . u se al viol i) . Wh ite h as a t ron g atta k
s c .

D
O . Col .
50 .
—I f 8 . . K —B sq ; 9 K t >< P , 9 Kt
. t; 10 Pt ,
10 B xB eh .
; 11 Q xB + .

1 Col .
5
— 0 . Cont in d ue : 14 . . K t—B 5 15 P —Q B 4, 15 K t>< P eh ; . 16 K — Bz , 1 6 K t—B
5 1 7 Q
K—B sq +
.

Q4 , 17 K t— R 6 c h ; . 18 .

2 .
Col .
51 .
- We l i gh tly p
s re f er B l ack
’
s g ame on a o nt of th two B i h o p
cc u e s s .

3 . Col 5 —T h hi f fa lt of thi mov i th at it blo k th q ar w h r th Kt i want d t g o t

. 2 . e c e u s e s c s e s u e e e e s e o o

atta k th w ak KP o r i o rd r to ff t th x h an g of th im p o rtant h o til KB

c e e , n e e ec e e c e e s e .

Col 5 — O 6 P—Q3 7 P B5 7 K t— B q ; 8 Kt— B3 with th p rio r p o ition

. 2 . r . .
-
,
s .
, e su e s .

)5 . Col 5 — I f 9 0—0 ; Kt—R 4 Q— R 3

. 2 . . P —B5. K t— K t4 ; Q — K t4 and w in
10 , 10 11 , 11 12 , s
.

36 . C 01 53 . .
—A bold and i fa t n o nd a
, n c ,
u s u s c rifi c e intr od uc e d by Co hran c e .

Col 54 —R omm nd d by Sta nton i

. . ec e e u n pre fe ren ce to 8 Kt—B 3 as w as p lay ed by o rr p ond n
c es e ce

b tw n E d inb rgh and London

e ee u .
73 T HE SCO T CH G A MB I T .

G am e 1 . G am e 2 . G am e 3 .

T S C H I GO R I N BLA C K B U R N E
SC
HI F FE R S . M A SON .

E — K3
SQ— B3 5B t
P— B3 E xB
KK t K2 -
K t— B 3
B — B4 K t— B 3
7P— Q s '
7P— Q z .
P —K B4 0— 0 13 B K2 23
Bo K t3 a
B —K t3 14 fl nt x s
O O Qt
9Q >< P 9 —0
R q 0 — 0— 0
HIP
.

15
Kt t P — B4 25
11B x B ch .
11P— Q R 3
R xB P— B5
12?t K B4 16 12
P— KK t4
13B —B 3
QR K t sq 2 6
14§f1§f 14Kt— Q2
~
.

P — K t5
1s3 i,
R — KB sq 14 4 c h
16K — R
.

16 1 — KK t3
)
q s .

K t — K t3 P — K t6
170 17K t —K4 ~

P KK t4 5 B -
K t3 27
18Q R —K sq .
18P — R3 28
K t— B5 R -
K t3
199 — 05
P — Kts 03 “
Zl1Q — R s
q . 7 ZUK t— K té 19 20
KR Q s
q . 29
R xB Pt R R3
l xR 21R
- B3 - 21
R — B2 D
?
Q xP ch 20
22 “
.

5
K

R -
K sq 9 3
23p >< 1 23
.

>
10 14 .5
Qt ch D 1 1 Q K2 —

24R X Q 24Q R K B
.

s
q
6
.

25R — R 3 ch .

— Kt

—
Q Q4 ch 2 1
ZI and w in
,
.

s.
 T HE SCO T CH G AMB I T .

GA M E N 0 . I
Mo v 4 Q t h
e 2 . c .

B LA CK — SC H FF RS I E .

\V H l T E — T SCHI GO R I N . VV H I T E — PA U LS E N .

G A M E ZN O 3
Mov e 26 . R — KK t sq .

B LA CK — M A S N O .

[ T E — B LA C KB U R N E .
W H I T E — ZU K E R T O R T .
 T HE S CO T C H G A M BI T . 8!

Continued f rom
( p age

Gam e 3
— To
. pr ev ent B — Kt5 , wh i h wo ld h av b n Bla k b
c u e ee c
’
s est an w r to th mo
s e e ve in th e text,
Whit o e u gh t to h a v e p lay ed 11 P KK t4 fo r if
-
E XP; , . 12 E xB, 12 Kt 13 K R —Kt sq .
,

1 3 K t— B3 ; 14 Kt— Q5, 14 K—R s

q ;
. I 5 R X P, 15 KxR ; 16 R and w in
— Kt sq . eh .
, s .

Gam e 3
— . B tt r th an play in g th K R wh i h i r tain d i
e e e ,
c s e e n o rd r to pp o r t an n t al ad v an
e su ev e u ce of

th e KR P .

Gam e 3
—Bl
. ac k b u r
’
ne s p lay is a g ood mod l fo r th atta k g ain t th id on whi h th o ppon
e e c a s e s e c e en t

h as c a tls ed .

Gam 3 —I f 8 K t— B6; 9 Q—K3 9 K t

e . 1 R t
. fo llow d by R —K t3 and R — R 3 with
. 1 , 1 20 , e ,

an irr i tibl atta k

es s e c .

Gam 3 — M h b tt r w l arly th am R —K q
e . uc e e ,
as c e e s e s .

Gam 3 —Bla k h r m i th o p p o rt nity of r o v rin g th g am fo r w b li v h o ld wi

e . c e e sse s e u ec e e e, e e e e e c u n

by Kt — B5 —
4 Q B (if 4 B t
.
4 R xP 5 Q mo v 5Rt 2 follow d by B x R
z 2 , 2 2 es, 2 , e or

R x B ); 4 R P
X ; 25 R —K t q (.
if 5 K t—K 6 .
5 R t ); 5 B — Q w ith a P a h ad
2 s . 2 ,
2 2 . . z, e

and a g ood g am e .

Gam 3 — Fo r Whit m t w i th Q by R X P h follow d by P — K t7 h

e . e us n e e .
,
e c .

Z u k e rt o rt v, S c h al l o p p .

Gam 4 T hi mo v w fir t intr od d by Bl k b
e .
-
s e as s uc e ac urn e .

Gam 4 6 Q— Kt4 6 K t— B3 ; 7 Q x P 7 K R — Kt q ; 8 Q—R 6 8 E X P h wo ld g iv Bla k th

e .
-

, , s .
, c . u e c e

b tt r g am
e e e .

Gam 4 — A h i bo nd aft rward t adv an th QP a h ol i r at d th ntr T h r w

e . s e s u e o ce e , e s c e e in e ce e . e e as

no dan g r i 0 — 0 e n .

Gam 4 —I t w high tim t g t into om p a r ativ af ty w ith h i K by 0— 0

e . as e o e c e s e s .

Gam 4 I t i int r tin g th at th o gh Whit i m na d with th lo of a p i all alon g hi

e .
-
s e es u e s e ce e ss ec e , s

o nt r atta k g iv th pp on nt no tim fo r takin g it

c u e c es e O e e .

Gam 4 — A imp l way of a in g th p i

e . s w ll th Q whi h w thr at n d by ith r R m
e s v e e c e as e as e c as e e e e e ov

i g to Q q
n s .

Gam 4 — T h x h an g i g iv n p i th h op of makin g om impr ion with hi P awn

e e e c e th
s e u n e e s e ess s s on e

Kin g Si d and thi m t h av b n h i b t p lan th o gh h w only P b hind h h ad

.

’
s e, s see s o e ee s es ,
u e as one e e no

g am l ft oth rwi
e e Of o r if Q t P at on Whit wo ld an w r E X E follow d by R
e se . c u se , ce , e u s e , e

Kt sq .
 82 T HE SCO T CH G AMB I T .

G am e 5 . G am e 6 . G am e 8 .

’
Gos szf s M a n ua l .

M E PH I ST O “ K O LI S C H
A MAT E U R
H AR R WI T Z .

* A so -c a ll e d au to m ato n c h e s s p l ay e r, w h ic h w as e x h ibite d in L
o nd o n f o r m an y years, and
M r Gun s b e rg
. .
 T HE SCO T CH G A M B I T .

VV H I T E — MI NCH I N \V H I T E —M E PH SI TO .

GA M E N O . 7 . GA M E N O . 8 .

Mov 4 e 2 . R (q .
—
) Q sq . Mov 3 8
e . R (B4 )B6 c h .

B LA CK— V O N H E YDE B R A N D . B LA CK— HAR R WI T Z .

W HI T E — V O N
'
B I LG U E R . W H I T E — K O LI S C H .
 T HE SCO T C H G A MB I T . 85

C f
'
ont z m tea rom
{ p age

Gam W ak play wh i h o t tw Pawn

e 8 .
-
e c c s s o s . B —B4 w as th e c o rr t mov fo r h
ec e, e c o ld r o
u ec ve r

th P by Q—Q6 h
e i an w r to P x P e .
, n s e .

Gam 8 — A rr o r w h i h x p o h im t lo
e . n e c e ses o ss . R —Q s
q w as th e
. pro pe r mo v w h e, e eu r po n if 26

B — Q4 27 K —B z , 27 —
Q K t5 28 R X B, 28 P xR 29 Q X QP ,
and h o ld w i
s u n .

Gam 8 —Bla k o ld h av won now by 5 B— Q4 6 K t—K5 6 R —K q th t m g R X

e . c c u e 2 . . 2 ,
2 s .
, rea e n

Kt follow d by Q— Kt5 h T h r ply 7 B—K7 wo ld b of no on a o nt of 7 Q—B 7

, e c . e e 2 u e u se cc u 2 . .

w inn in g .

Gam 8 — I f 6
e .
— KK t4 ; 7 E x P 7 P x B ; 8 R x B 8 R x R
2 .
9 Q x R 9 Q xQ ; 3
2 , 2 2 ,
2 2 , 2 0

R t>< P h t e(Go ip ) W
.
,
add t
e ch at B
.
— B w pr f r bl
ss Bla k h ad al r ady thr Paw
. e 2 as e e a e, as c e ee ns

fo r th p i and h o ld h av d r awn at l a t aft r x h an gin g R ook

e ec e , s u e e s e e c s .

Gam 8 — 8 R x R wo ld hav lo t on a o nt of 8
e 2 Q X K t h u
; 9 K — K q e—
9 Q R5 h ; s cc u 2 . . e . 2 s .
,
2 c .

30 K — K 3 Q X P h andzw in
,
th0 B fo r if 3 B — B 3 P c—B6 h. w in th Q (Go ip ) s e 1 z , 1 c . s e ss .

Gam 8 —M h b tt r w w b li v 3 3 R — K t4 33 Q— B3 h ; 34 K— Kt q 34 R — R 4 (th r
e . uc e e as, e e e e, ,
e . s .
,
e e

se em nothin g b tt r fo r oth rw i Wh it fo r th x h an g of Q n by Q— B5 h ) 3 5 Q x
s e e , e se e ces e e c e ue e s c .

QKtP ,
e tc .

Gam 8 — Bla k h ad a g ain r o v r d gro nd and w b li v h wo ld h av won w ith fa il ity on

e . c ec e e u , e e e e e u e c

a o nt of th gr at p rio rity of Pawn by R —K 3 th t m g B — B 5 whi h h o ld not play

cc u e e su e s, ,
rea e n ,
c e c u

at on Whit wo ld r p ly R X B follow d by B x R
c e as e u e e .

Gam 8 — T h fi nal d fatal rro r H h ad till a v r y g ood g am if h r tr at d K— Kt q

e , e an e . e s e e e e e e s .
86 T HE SCOT C H G AMB I T .

G am e 9 .
G am e 10 . G am e 11 .

Vien na Tour na m ent [ M

a te /z , 1 88 6 .

Game I I —
1 8 82 Game 9 Nm ‘ ’
Cont d
.
.

PA U LS E N ST E I NI T Z P — Q B4 ST A UNT ON
a
fl R — K K tS Kt

?
Z U KE R T O R T . Z U KE R T O R T .

—1
1 05 30
R xP ch

3112122
1
.

K t >< P B _ B4 14 t
4Kt— B 3 K t— B 3 3l
g 125
x1 11
p
.

—
Q K t B3 32R x K BP QB KKt51 06 -

32Q— K 7
2

5B— Kr5 ch .

Kt B X Kt K *
R3
33Q — R 4
t
6Kf P Kt xB ch

(P— 4 55 B— Os ME 3
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7 Q —K2 7P— Q4 B: 6 7B — B 4 es s
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.

—B3
P— B3 PXP 35R ~

8P— Q4 PXP 84 91i 4)X K B P BP — Qé 1 07

0— 0 P_ K5
Q B K KtS 7 1
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‘

90 — 0 36R — K K t4 81
9Q— B S Game 12—Cont d
’
.

R— Qz
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B —
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m 37K_ B QX P P _Q B 5. -

l UK — B 10 lU 30
.

2
P— B 3 — 136
8: 8K 4 1t
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sq . 8 5 1 3

K t— K z
Q — B2
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s
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13Kt— K ts and w Ia 83R x R
h
13 P— K R s 73 8 7 in
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s
°

33 Q — KK t
S
B — K2 P — K t5
.

p t 74 88 B >< R
l 4p x p li
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-

a
.

ta — 2
’

Q B — K B4 7 5 13 t .

Q K t Q B— Q5
153 4 l 5B x B P— QB 3 15Kt— K t3 35Q x P
“
43
Q —K
3 Q —B sq 30 —
Q Kt 95
K— R Sq Q >< P
IB R _ K .s l fiB— K z 3 9 P — KK t3
sq .

S P— Q4 1 09 3BQ— B sq
Q q
3iQ_ K4
.
,

R — K BXP —
P— QR 4 76 sq Q Q3
l 7B
l
9 6 17B — K 3 37
.

17 P — QR 3 R3 - K t— K t6 —K sq

32Q— Q3
.

B x QR P B — B3 90 BXP Q —
QR S
la
p Q BS
18P — K B 4 K t— B4 l B(QR — Q ”
SQ
38K t— Q3
33P_ Q 6
fl

B— B 3
nQ—
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7 77 R — K6 97
-
K4 110
igp x e ch 78 19(PR —4 2 sq P— Q K t3 — KR
4
39Q— K3
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.

K __
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Q 2 Q Kz R— Q B s
q
ZUP_ ZUB — K t5 4UK t— Kt4
.

20
. ‘

14 4 4 ” Q5 R — K t sq
35K__R
.

_
QX P B ~ -
R5 91 Q R Q 5 Cl Q “ ‘

Q2
21R — Q 21K R — K 41P—B3
2
21Q >< Q 2 K— R 2 98 sq .

22R —
R sq ZZR X R K— K t sq R XR Q — Bz
37
.
.

B — R i4 R XR — K t4
E XP 79 B — K t2 Q “

23B >< B 23Q — B 3 R — K tz 23K t X P 11 1 43Q— R 7 D

R xP R -
Q4 P — B3 1 00 2411 t K— B z
e xR 90— 134 0 03 — 11 — t
Zs
B Cg
sq

ZsQ x B 25R _B4 45R

.

R—RS — Bz
oh so Q -
Qq 11 5
4ll R — K 8
. .

K >< P K t— R S ch
Kt " “
R4 R QB S q
-

26R X R ZB 1 01 26 46Q— K 7
.

Q —Ks
q K— R 2 R X KB P
4l Q >< Q c h
.

R xB K t— B 4 04 98 c h . B — B sq
27R — QB z7R Z7K— R 47
.
.

K4 R xQ — B6 ch
sq -
93 2
Q
ZB x P D D
. .

B— Q6 P— KR 4 B — K4 ch B —K t2
1 02
Z8R 28 28P
.

-
B3 13—
134 P— K t4 1 03 ~
K B4 11 2 48Q — K6
R —Q4 43B _K
n n— os
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R S 94 —K 7 and WM fl

R sq

zg 49O —B 7
.

P — B4 R — Ks 1 04 B B6 c h . 11 6
 T HE SCO T CH GA M BI T .

\V H l T E ~
P A U LS E N . \V H l T E S FE I
-
NI T Z .

GAM E N O . I I .

Mov e 28 . B — K4 ch .

B LA CK

WHI T E —
'

ST AU NT O N . \V H I T E -
V NN A
IE .
 T HE SCO T CH G AM BI T .
89

ont inw d
( C f rom
p g
a e

Gam — A w ak mov w hi h om prom i h i K in g id H o ld h av obtai d an

e 1 0, e e l c c ses s s s e e c u e ne exc e
l nt atta k by P—QKt4 in t ad w h i h wo l d h av b rok n Bla k Pawn d m t h av ltimat ly
.

’
e c s e c u e e c s s an us e u e
won th ntr Pawn
,

e ce e .

Gam — T h id a of om p ll in g Wh it t ad van th KK tP w a g o d
e 10 e e it w ak n h i
c e e o ce e as o o ne, as e e s s
Kin g S id b t t h r w no r a on a g ain t p lay in g Q— K4 at on
.

’
s e, u e e as e s s ce .

Gam — A f bl mov fo r h h to r t rn a g a in to th p o t h l av M h b tt r w 3 P
e 10 ee e e, e as e u e s e e es uc e e as 2
m
.

W m —
.

KE R — K 6 P 3 Q P 34 O Q ; 3 5 K
-
3 ; 333, 33 2 4 x x R X Q 35 X ; 3
R P 6 Kt 3 6 z
w ith a fair adv an ta g i po ition
, . ,

B— K t — —
,
K — R K 8 K
37 t Q5 3 72 6 3 B ,
z , e n s .

Gam — A e 10fi mo v Whit da r not tak th P w ith th Kt fo r B wo ld r tak follow d

v er ne e e e e e e u e e, e
b y R — K 8 h an R x R
. .
,

c . .

Gam — V r y w ak K—Kt follow d by P—KB3 h o ld Bla k r p ly B—K t w th righ t

e 10 e e 2 e s u c e 2 as e
p lay
. .
, .

Gam —T hr at n in g R —K 7 follow d by Q x P h and B — Kt

e 10 . e e e c . z .

Gam — B t Fo r Bla k t hr at n d R t o r R —KS h

e 10 . es . c e e e c .

Gam — A rro r of w h i h Bla k v r y l v rly tak ad v anta g 4 K Kt 4 R — K6 4

e 10 n e c c e c e e es e. 1 -
2, 1 2
K t— K 6 wo ld h av g iv n Wh it fa ir d f n iv h an fo r if 4
.
,

u e E XP h ; 43 Q X B w h ile e e e s e c c es, 2 e e
oth rwi Whit Kt nt r at Q4
, . . .
,
’
e se e s e e s .

Gam — A b a tif l mo v wh i h w in by fo r
e 10 . e u u e c s ce .

Gam — Whit h ad no g ood mo v I f 43 K t— Kt 43 B t

e 10 e 44 K x B 44 P xP 4 5 P x P 4 5 e 2,
— — —
. .
,
— — Q8 q nin g h d
,

R Q B 8 ; 4 6 P B 4 4 6 R B 7 ; 47 K E q 47 P Q7 ; 48 K K 4
,8 P -
s .
,
z , , uee e .
, an
wm
.

s .

Gam —Conti d 44 Kt—Kt 44 P— Q 7 45 K t—K3 45 QBP x P 46 R P x P 46 E x P d

e 10 . n ue z , , , , an
win s .

S t aun t o n v .

Gam e 11 a w h r w fi nd th i g am q ot d M S ta nton o ppon t i

— I n Gosnp ’s M anu l '

e e e s e u e r u
’
s en s
d rib d of th b t p lay r of th ag
.
, , .

esc e as o ne e es e s e e .

Gam — W on id r t hi ab ol t ly d i ad v anta g o T h pr o ontin ation i 5 0—0 5 Kt

—
e 1 1 e c s e s s u e s e us e er c u s
—
. .
,
— K K K
x ;P 6 R q 6 P Q4 ; 7 E X P 7 Q X B 8 Q t
s B 3 8 Q 9 t t 9 B K ; -
B 2 10
K t5 w it h th b tt r g am
.
, , , ,

,
e e e e .

Gam —Bla k h ad m h th b tt r p o ition and a P a h ad T h r w

e 1 1 c t th ligh t t m uc e e e s e e e as no e s es ec es
ity fo r g iv in g p th mat r ial ad v anta g and h o gh t t h a pro d d with P —Q3
. .

s u e e e, e u o ve cee e .

Gam —
Th h ol h r fo r m d m igh t h av b n fatal t Whit towa r d th
e 1 1 e d of th g am a
e e e e e ee o e e en e e s
will b n and at any r at it x p o him to a tr on g atta k
.

e see , , e, e se s s c .

Gam — W do not think th at th a rifi of th two P awn w hi h f ollow i warr ant d by th

e 11 e e s c ce e s c s s e e
p o ition H o ld h av tabl i h d th maj o rity of Pawn on th Q n id w ith a v r y g ood
.

’
s e c u e es s e e s e uee s s e e
g am a o nt of h i h avi g two B i h o p by P —KB3
.

e on cc u s n s s .

Gam T hi i 1
e 1 1 of tim and h l p th o ppon nt to fo r a lon g r d ia g onal fo r hi B Q —K
-
s s 05 5 e e s e e ce e s 2
v id ntly b tt r at on
. .

w as e e e e ce .

Gam —A x ll nt o p w hi h q al ifi th l ad r of Bla k g am a a tr on g p lay r

e 11 . n e ce e c u c u es e e e c
’
s e s s e .

Gam I —I t i in g la r th at Bla k h o ld h av h ad h r an o ppo rt nity of x tin g a imilar mat

e 1 s s u c s u e e e u e ecu s e
to th at whi h Mo rph y h ad i hi l b r at d g am w it h Pa l n Com p ar Fo r K ight Gam
c n s ce e e e u se e u n s
’
e
T h r igh t mo v w on aft r 9 E xP h (th r i nothi g b tt r )
. .

e 8 P — K Kt3 w h e as 2 ereu e 2 c e e s n e e 2
mat follow by — — do bl h ; 3 12
.
. .
,

Q X B ! 3 K t 3 0 B 6 h ; 3 K K t q
, 3 R K t7 e s 0 . . c . 1 s .
, 1 u e e . 2

mov 3 R —Kt8 mat es, 2 e .

V ie n n a v . L on d on .

Gam Bla k nint h mov h th m rit f pr v n tin g th imm d iat d v lo p m nt f th fir t

e 12 -
c
'
s e as e e o e e e e e e e e o e s
p lay r at ta k and om p l th latt r oon r lat r to p lay P—KKt3 th r by w ak ni g th
.

’
e s c c e s e e s e or e e e e e n e
Pawn th K id
, , , ,
’
s on e s s e.

Gam — T h tmo t th at Whit o ld h av obtain d by takin g th Kt on hi 4th mov wo l d

e 12 e u s e c u e e e s 2 e, u
h av b n t r o v r th Pawn lo t i w h i h a we tho gh t Bla k p o ition fo r th
.

’
d m
”

e ee o ec e e s n c c se , u c s s e en a e
wo ld h av b n pr f rabl T h 4 K t t 4 Q— B4 h ; 5 K——R q
,

u e
ee R xR h ; Rx
e e e us 2 2 e 2 s 2 c 2
follow d b y
. .
. , , .

R 6 B xB h ; 7 K x B 7 Q t
, 2 ; 8 Qx P 8 Q — B q ; 9eP K.t3 9
— B3
2 ,
2 . 2 , 2 s . 2 , 2 e
K— B + z .

Gam — By thi mov w on id r Bla k obtain d a l a wi in g po ition

e 12 . s e e c s e c e c e r nn s .

Gam — And th g am wa g iv n p d rawn Vi nna h a i g r ign d

e 12 e e s e u as e vn es e
h ow v r h ad m h th b t f th unt d h ad th g am b n
.
,

e e ,
uc e es o e enco er an ,
e e ee
 T h e id ea th ou gh i t i
of Col 1 3 is old, s

fo r th b oo k onl y a r d it d u w ith th mov Q —

.

aut h o r abo u t 2 3 y ar ag e s o,
Q6
e s cc e e s e e

Bl a k w h i h m ay om in at th
c ,
c 5th o r c6th mov r p t iv ly wh r a th wh
e e 1 l e es ec e , e e s e

v ariat ion from th i p o in t up t o Bl a k 2 5th mov a g iv n in th m ain l in of p l ay

,
s c
’
s e s e e e

no t 8 o u rr d fir t b tw n th R
e 2 ,
cc e W Wayt and ou r lv
s e T h id n t i al mo
ee e ev . . e se es . e e c

o u rr d aft rw ar d b tw n M C E Rank n an d th R
cc e e e W Wayt T h i i no t
ee r
. . . e e ev . . e . s s

o r d in ary on id r in g th at th mov on a h id from th 5th m ov of Bl a k a

c s e e es e c s e, e 1 e c ,
re

alon th mo t p l au ibl e b ut a almo t all fo r c d I n Col 4 w arr iv at a d ifi e

'

e e s s re s e . . 1 e e

c on l u ion fr om th o of pr v io u auth o r by th n w pr oc
c s se K Kt— Q
e Col s s e e e ss 1 1 2 . . 1

q uo t d from th H and bu /z T h l in of p l ay p o in t d ut in Col 6 ha

e e c . e e e o . 1 s 11

o urr d i pr ac t i t o u k no w l d g bu t it
cc e n ce m d t o u u ffi i n t ly in t r t in g
o r e e, se e e s s c e e es

w o rth inv t ig at ion I n Col

es 7 w v n t u r
. d an a n aly i b a d on a id a of Lo w
. 1 e e e s s se n e e

b ut w d i agr e w ith h i
s on lu ion
ee T h k y m ov of Col s c 8 c s s . e e e . 1

t o l ad t o an v n g am b ut w t hin k u im prov m n t 8 Q— K q in t ad f
e e e e, e o r e e ,
s . s e O

Q B3 w ill up p o rt u r vi e w th at Wh it m aj or it y f Paw n an b m ain tain d w ith ’

,
s o e s O s c e e

b tt r g am
e e e .

I n Col 9 t o in
s lu
. siv 1 w in tr od u
22 u n w d f n
c o r o uen t r a tt ae k in ce o r e e e ce c e -
c

l ad ing v ariat ion of t hi o p nin g in w h i h Wh it

e s a ri fi s a pi e T h id a of ,
c e s c c es ec e . e e

up th Q KetP a t on w a fir t p u b l i h d in th
ce I n t rn ati n al C l es s
s s s e e e o z

wh n e it w a q u o t d in th
ce Lip h ut d it ion of G s s p s M an ual I n th
s e e sc z e o
'

z
’
. e

c ol umn an am p l i giv n in favo r of Wh it if Bl a k pr o d in th l d w ay b y 9

ex e s e e, c c ee e O .

P — B3 i n t a d f 9 s e P — Q K t 4 wO h i h w .r omm nd .
,
c e ec e .

I n Col 5 a u gg t ion
. of t
2 h R s W W a y t w h i
es h app ar t o u om im preov ev . . e c e s s s e e

m n t on th H an d é uc/z att a k i t ak n up an d an aly t i ally x t nd d w h il in th

e e c ,
s e c e e e , e e

n x t ol um n th H an d buc /z v ar iat io n a al o h o w n t o r u l t in favo r of th att a k

e c e s re s s es e c ,

th o ugh w it h gr at r d iffi ul ty a d w ith nov l addi t ion at th n d

e e c n e s e e .

Col 2 7 an d 2 8 ar n w an d w th o ught th m in t r t in g t h ou gh th y m ay b of no
s . e e e e e es , e e

mo r th an th o r t i al v al u
e e9 an d 3
e a c a lr a dy w ll k no w n
e .T h fo r m
2 r w a fir t 0 re e e . e e s s

p ubl i h d by Z uk t rt an d of th l att r S t au n t on i th au th o r
s e er o ,
e e s e .

O n th n x t t abl Col 3 i q u o t d fr om th H an d bu /z w hil Col 3 an d 33

'

e e e . 2 s e e c ,
e s
. 1

d al in g w ith th am ubj t a m at r ially al t r d But mo t r m ark abl e i th l in of

e e s e s ec re e e e . s e s e e

p l ay tr at d in th thr n x t ol u mn W fi nd th k y m ov a d om v ariat ion

e e e ee e c s . e e e e n s e s

q uo t d by Sal i l i from Lolli an old I t al ian w rit r O n lo x am in ation w com t o

e v o ,
e . c se e e e

th on l u ion th at th pr p ar t on mov
e c c s a i 6 P— Q 4 i th b t k y mov to th att ac k
e e e, ,
s e es e e e

an d th at th r i no at i fa t o ry d f n
e e s t o it T h r fo r it m u t b r gar d d a f a
s s c e e ce . e e e s e e e s r

Sup rio r t o 6 Kt X BP w h i h was h ith rt o in fa h ion

e ,
c e s .

T h t abl follo w in g d al w th
e ie th a tt k 4
a P — Q4 r p t iv
e ly 4 0 —s 0 w hi h w r e c s es ec e , c e e

m uc h in favo r fo r om t im w ith p l ay r o r th o ri t w ho w i h d t o avo id th om p l ic a

s e e e s e s s s e e c

t ion ar n g fr om 4
i i sK t — Kt 5 o r p rh ap d istr u st d th l att r atta k Bu t w th in k th at th y ,
e s e e e c . e e

only l ad t o an v n g am at th u t mo t an d in the m aj o ri ty of a would b u nfavo r

e e e e e s ,
c se s e

abl fo r th fir t p l ay r w h r a u Col
e e s an d Cole 3 4 ,
t o 3 6 t abl i
e e h d th u
s op rio r i t y
r . 1
_ s . es s e e s e

of Wh it again t the t wo h i f l in s of d f nc e or r pe c tiv l y coun t er att ac k s viz :

e s c e e e e ,
es e -
, .

5 Kt—Q R 4 an d 5 . . Kt X P .
 T WO KN I G H T S ’
D E FE N CE .

7m
B — K2 !
Fi t Contin ation
rs u Co l s . 1, 4, 5, 7 to 14

B—R 4
S ond Con tin ation
ec u Col s. 2 , 3 6 ,
.

T hir d Contin ation

u
Q -
B3
Co l s
. 1 5, 1 6 .

Q3 ? 1 7 B
3
P—
“

4M
B
Fir t D f
s e en ce
P— K R 3
Col . 17 .

S ond D f n
ec e e ce C 01 . 18 .

Kt— K ts P xP
4P—Q4 5Kt>< P
Fir t Contin ation
s u

Fir t D f n
s e e ce C 015 . 1 9 to 2 2 .

S ond D f n
ec e e ce Col . 23

S ond Contin ation

ec u C ol . 24

Col s . 2 5, 2 6 .

C O15 . 2 7, 2 8 .

B— P ch
C ntin ation
o u
.

Col s . 2 9, 30 .

Kt
S ond Contin ation
ec u
P
Col s .
3 1 to 33 .

C ol 34 . .

S ond D
ec ef en ce Col .
35 .

T h ir d D fne e ce C 01 3 6
. .

Fir t Contin ation

s u Col s .
3 7 to 4 0 .

S ond Contin ation

ec u C ol 4 1
. .
 T WO KNI GH T S D E FE NC E
’
.

8 lt — K tz —
l

Col mn
u 1 . Mo v 9e . K K t— R 3 . Col mn 4 Mov 5
u . e 1 . . P K6 .

B A CK
L . B LA CK .

WHI T E . WH I T E .
 T WO KN I GH T S D E FE NC E
’
.

Col mn 7 Mov
u . e 1 5 . BX P . Col mn 9 Mo v 5
u . e 1 . B xP .

B LA CK . B LA CK .

WHI T E . \V H I T E .
 T wo KN I G H T S D E FE NC E '
.
97

Col 7 — T hr at n in g K t>< P follow d by B —Kt6

. . e e ,
e .

Col 7 — Contin d 8 Q xP 8 E x P h 9 R x B
. . ue : 1 ,
1 c 1 ,
19 Q xR ch .
; 20 K mo v e s, 2 0 QR —K sq .
,

and w in s .

Col . 8 .
—O r 1 5 P —K K t3 ,
15 Q — R 6 1 6 —
Q B sq ,
.
,
16 Q —K
3 17 —
Q K2, 17 K t— B 5 18 0—0 ,

18 K t— K4 ; Q xP 1 9 P — K B4 ; 2 0 Q — K 3 P B5 P xP , R xP ;
19 , ,
20 -
21 21 22 Q xR ,
22

—
Q R 6; 23 P — KB3, 2 3 R — KB sq .
; 24 Q —K
4, 24 K t>< P eh ; . 25 R t ,
25 R XR , and w m s .

Col 9. .
-
An att m p t at a im ilar atta k by
e s c 13 . . K t— K t5 c an be d f at d by
e e e 14 —
Q R4 ,
14 Q
R 5 eh ; . 15 P — K t3 , 15 Q xR P ; 16 Q x K P ,
e tc .

Col 9
.
—O r 1 4 P — QK t4
.
,
14 —
Q R 5 eh ; 1 5 P Kt3 1 5 Q x R P ; .
-
,
1 6 P xB , 16 Q >< P eh .
; 17 R —B 2~
,

1 7 Kt BP ; 1 8 Q—R 4 ,
1 8 K t— R 6; 1 9 Q X K t, 1 9 K t + .

Col 9 . Ob v io ly.
— us 15 P — K t3 , 15 QX R P 16 P X B, 16 QXP eh .
; 1 7 K — Q z is wo r if only on se ,

th gr o nd of 7 K t— K 6 1 8 Q — K sq 18 Kt — R 6 and V h t
e u 1 . . .
,
eh .
; 19 Qt ,
1 9 B ,
V
1 e c an

not pr v nt Q X P e e ch . and Q t .

Col . 10 .
— Or 13 P xP , 13 P xP ; 14 R t ,
14 Qt + .

Col . B tt r th an
10 .
— e e 14 P —Q K t4 , 14 P XP ; 15 K t— K t4 , 15 Bt I 6 E XE , 16 Q Kt4 , w ith a
fi atta k
ne c .

Col — Contin ed
. 10 . u . Kt t : 18 Pt ,
1 8 Q xP eh .
; 19 K— B z ‘
,
e tc .

Col . o rd r of th i and th n xt two mo v of Bla k may b tran p o d and Whit w ill pro
1 1 .
— T he e s e e es c e s se e

d i th
c ee am way i th t xt
n e s e as n e e .

Col — W on id r th i tr on g r th an 5 Q — R 4 to w h i h Bla k r pli I 5 Kt— Q q and

. 11 . e c s e s s e 1 , c c e es s .
,

Whit h only ob tr t d th fo r ward in g of Pawn on th Q n id wh r h h bta in d th

e as s uc e e s e uee s
’
s e e e e as O e e

p rio rity
su e .

Col — T h r m nothin g b tt r I f P—QR 3 W h it r p l i Q K t R 3

. 11 . e e see s e e .
, e e es — .

Col . 11 . B
7 x P h and if 6 P — B 4 7 Q K t —R3 t 1 e .
,
1 . .
,
1 , c c .

Col . 12 .
-
Cl arly 4 Q X Q 5 B x Q follow d by P X P al o lo fo r Bla k
e 1 . . 1 ,
e , s se s c .

Col . 12 .
— Bla k h h ar dly anyth in g b tt r th an 7
c as KB — K f i o rd r t e e 1 . . z n e o prev e nt K t— Q4 ,

w h ereu p on Wh it a tl and aft rwa rd d v lo p th Q K t at R 3 O r if 7

e c s es e s e e s e . 1 . . B — Q3 18 P -
Q
K t4 , 18 K t— K tz ; 19 K t— R 3 + .
 T WO KNI GH T S D E FE NC E
’
.

17
P— Q3 ?
P —K R 3 33 BK
K t— B 3
P— K 5 34 7
— Kz
Q
BK t B
Pt
9K B — Q B4 3 5 9
P— KR 3
10
K t— R 2

11m mD 11
E xP
is B ! 12B
P xB P
13K t -
K5 3 6 13
K t— B sq
14Q— R 5 14
.

ch .

P — K t3
150— 3 3
P — B3
13m

C ol um n 1 3 . Mov 5
e 1 .
Q —
Q6 ch . Col mn
u 1 7 . Mov e I I . P — K6.

B LA CK . B LA CK .

WH I T E . WHI T E .
1 00 TWO KNI GH T S D E FE N C E ’
.

la -

54 K K t —B 3
I P— K4 2 Q K t— B3

P— QR 3 46
9P 9K t>< P c h
1
” 3 -
B3 .

Kt>< P
P— B 3 1a B —R 3
P
10
P—
Kt—R 3
QR 3
43 10
K q
K t — OS
.

K t— B3 B R4 42 P—
Q4 Bt ch
11K K t— 11Q— Os HET—723
.

B— R 3 B3

" QR 3 —1
“ K t3 +
8
° B
— f —
13K t Q6 c h 13P Q B4
-
~

.
-

D
Q3P “ ‘

14K t Q B3 + -

Column 19 . M ove . K tX K t . Column 21 . M ove Kt— Q 6 ch

B LA CK . B LA CK .

VV H PT E .
 1
‘

WO K N IGH T S D E FE N C E ’
. 101

Col 9 —O K t>< P Q—Q ; 3 K t— B3 3 K Q3 +

. 1 . r 12 ,
12 z 1 ,
1 -
.

Col 9 — O 4 P xP dis h 4 K t (B6)—Q4 ; 5 P—Q B3 (if 5 P—Q R 3 5 Kt>< P h wi th a

. 1 . r 1 . e .
, 1 1 1 , 1 c
p iece a h ead and a g ood g ame ) 5
.
,

Q — Kt
3 6Pt ( 6 Q x P c h is wo r se f afte r 6 1 . 1 1 .
, or 1
K — B Black thr ea t ens R — K
.

z 6 Q QS and s h ould win

— 1 . .
, .

Col 9 —Con tinued 8 K R —K t q 8 P xP ; 9 R X B (if 9 B — R 4 9 B— B3 and wi s ) 9 P

. 1 . : 1 s .
, 1 1 1 , 1 n ,
1

xB Pt 20E xP h K— E q ; B — B 6 and wins

,
20 c .
,
20 s .
, .

Col . 20 .
—If 13 P — Q3 , 13 Q ~ R 4, thr ea t enin g Bt + . Or 13 K t— R 3 , 13 —
Q B3 + .

Col . 21 .
— Ag i a ns t an y o the r move Black p lays Q— Q S .

Col . 22 .
-
Or 11 E xB, 1 1 Kt ; 12 P— Q4 ,
12 Kt t ; 13 Q xP ch .
, 13 K— Bz 14 Pt ,
14 ,

Q — K sq + .

Col . 23 .
— Co rdel in F uhrer D u n /5 D ie su gg est s if
S cfi ac/ztfi eorze
’

10 . .
—
Q QR 4 ; 11 Pt , 1 1 Qx
R 12 0 — 0, 12 B —Q 3 13 P — Q4, wi th a fi ne a tt ack .

Col . 23 .
— S tron g e r th an 12 Q B — B 4, 12 K— Q and if 3 E x P
z 1 ,
13 Kt t, o r if 13 Kt t, 13

P x B, et c .

C ol . 23 .
— Con t i nued : 13 . . B — K tz ; B P x P,
14 14 Q —
Q ; z K — Kz
15 ( h t thr -
O, 15 W ie ea t ens
to cu t o ff th a t escap e by B -
KK t5) 1 6 B— Kt 5 eh .
,
1 6 K— K s
q ; 7
1 P — K 6, 1 —
7 Q Q3 ; 1 8 .
Bx
Kt ,
18 PxB ; 19 Q -
B5 + .

Col . 24
9 P — 4
.
Q — may be tr eated in a simila r manne r namely by 9 ,
: . . Kt x P ch 10 K— Q s
q .
,

10 K t >< P 1 1 B t h e K — Q3 ;
.
, Q
_
11 —B
7 K — B 4 e t c I 2 ,
12 , .
1 02 TWO KN IGHTS D E FE N C E
’
.

P — K4 B — B4
1m “

4P—5Q4
‘

Kt P
BK t
—
Q B3 ch
K — K3
K t— B 3
K t— K z
P _O4
9 P— B 3 47
Q B — KK t5
10 P— K R 3
B— R 4 48 QB t
11P — K K t4 11B X B

1213— 10 2 49
1213— 10 4 c h
P xP K — K t sq
I 3R— B s q
.

13B >< P
— —K
Q Kz Q 4

0— 0 Q >< P ch
15R — B s q 1EK —4 32
KR — K sq K t >< K t
1SR __H4 16P X K t

17 17K — B s q
B— K t3 ! + 5 0
18

Column 25 . Move 1 7 .
Q —R 5
. Column 29 . Move I 3 . . B — QB4 .

B LACK . B LA CK .

W H ITE .
1 04 T WO K N IGHTS D E FE N C E ’
.

33 6
6}
! f I

v -
4P— Q4
P xP
5K tx P
Q — K z i
t R—B sq P— Q4 !
BK ,_ Q5 6B — B 4 BP X P
" P — KK t3 O— O
75
17 55 7Q x R P 7B
I
—K
3

Q — Kz 62 R —K sq 66
11K t BQ — Q
.

tP z

Pt Kt P D
9Ox P c h .
n Kt 67

K— Q sq —
Q B 3 c h + 68
12
10 321 10 1U
. .

61 R — B sq .

— R
Q 5 63
11P -
Q4 D
64
K t—Q 6 Dble ch
’

12
.

K— Kz

Kt ch
13OR t
.

R XR
14R x R +

Column 33 Move
. 11 . Column 34 Move 9
. . KtX B P .

B LA CK . B LA CK .

\V H I T E .
 T WO KN I GH T S D E FE N C E ’
. 1 05

Col 3 — O 7 E X P ; 8 B— K3 8 B X P P ; 9 K t 9 B x R ; Q—Q5 and wins

. 1 . r . .
, ,
10 , .

Col 3 — Stron g e r and mo r e sim ple th an 8 Kt X R 8 P— Q4 ; 9 B — K ! (if 9 E x P 9 QB —K Kt5

1 2

followed by K t—B6 h ad Wi ns );
. .
, , ,

I O B — Kt5 h P — B3 ;
c
Qt .
,
n c .
,
10 11 ,
11

P x B and Black h as s t ill a s tr on g a tt ack

, I f h oweve r 8 P — OE 3 8 K t B P ; 9 R t 9 .
, , ,
P
,

K t— K3 and wins .

Col 3 I f 8 K t— Q3 ; 9 K t 9 Kt ;
. 1 -
. Bt . E x B (o r Qx ; B —
Q R5 ,
10 ,
10 10 . . 11

11 P— Q B3 , 11 B — Kt3 ; 12 Q —
Q5 ,
12 li t 13 Q — Kt8 eh .
+

Col .
32.
— Th is variat ion is q uo ted from th e H and bu cfi .

Col .
33
— I f 8 Kt
.
, 8 E XP ; 9 K — K2 ,
ch 9 Q
— R 4 ch
.
; . 10 K — Q3 , 10 K t—Q K t5 ma te .

Col 33 .Black threa t ens

.
— P —Q4 followed by
B — K K t5 . If 11 R — B3 , 11 —
Q Rs 12 K t>< P , 12
— R 8 c h and wins
Q . .

Col 3 3 — O
. K t>< P dis
. r 12 . ch .
,
12 P — K K t3 13 R xR ch .
,
13 E xR ; 14 Q xR P ,
14 Kt t+

Col .
34
— If 6 . . . K txP 7 P —QB 3 , 7 P — KR 3 ; 8 Kt P, 8 K t ; 9 Pt + .

Col 34 T hrea tenin g 9 R X B h 9 P X R

. .
— K t X KP c .
, 10 ,
10 Q -
Qz ; 11 B X K t, and wins .

Col 34
— O f cou r se if
.
Q K t Wh i t e answe r s B t
.
— , , .

Col 34
— Fo
. r if K — K t q W hi t e answe r s R X B
. s .
, . 10 . . K —Kt3 su bj ec t s h im t o ma te a t once by
R X B h followed by B—Q3 and if
c .
, K — K q ; ,
10 . . s . 11 Bt , etc .

Col 3 6 — Be tte r than B — K B4 K t B 3 E xP 3 K— B ; 4 QB t

. .
4 Ox B ; 5 K tx
12 ,
12 -
z 1 ,
1 z 1 ,
1 1

Kt 5 P t ; 6 Q xP h 6 K — K t3 A g ain if P — K B4 K t— B ; 3 BP xP 3 K— B
, 1 1 e .
,
1 .
‘

,
12 ,
12 z 1 ,
1 z ,

and Black escap es .

Col 3 6 — \V quo te this variation from S l i l i and we would now con tinue 5 Q—R 5 5 Q—K s q
. . e av o ,
1 ,
1 .

if
( 5 P
1 — K K t3. 6 Q — K 5. 6 Q — B 3 c h 6 B — B dis
3 h ; 7 B — K 3 wi
1 th thr ee , 1 1 . c . 1 ,

Pawns fo r the p iece and a fi ne attack .

1 06 TWO K N IGHTS D E FE N C E ’
.

O -
O

BB — K z 77

R >< Kt
7 P — Q4

B >< P
8Q— B S 8Q x B
71 Kt t! 73 Kt —B3
g
.

B— Ks Q —B
s
P— OK t3 7 4 K t>< P
l l] Q —Q4 I UP — K B4
B — K ts Kt t
11B — K 2 75 11P )< R
E xB Kt
12K x B 12K >< K t
Q — B sq B — K t5 ch
13Q R — K s q I SK
. .

72 .
—B 2

Q — R ch
3 Q —R
5 ch
14 14
. .

K— Q q
s — 76 . P — K t3

_
O R 4 D 78
1S

Column 3 9 Move
. 15 .
Q —R4 . Col mn 4
u 0 . Move 14
.
Q B — K Kt5
B LACK . B LA CK .

W H I TE . W H I TE .
 TWO K N IGHTS D E FE N C E
’
.

P — K4

G ame l . G am e 2 . G am e 3 . G ame 4 .

DU F R E SN E HI R SCHFE LD
Von de r LA SA . K O LI S C H .
 TWO K N IGHTS D E F E N C E ’
. 10
9

A n d e rs s e n v . S
Game —I 1 .Col we recommend h e re K Kt—R 3 T he K t th a t q uar e is me rely th eat
n o ur . 1 . on s r
ened wi th an exch an g e fo r a B w h ic h we believe is favo r able fo r th e firs t playe r T h doublin g of , . e

his K R P amoun t s t o li ttle in view of h is bein g a P a h ead on th e o th e r win g and h is ob tai in g tw n o

Bishop s .

Game 1 .
Q Q s q pr o p osed i ou r Col 9 yields we believe a s tron g e r a ttack th an this
— . . n .
, ,

move
Game — Com p ar e ou r Col
1 . w h e r e we su gg es t P—QR 4 as th e prefer able move a t this j unc t e
. 11 , ur .

Game — Leadin g t o com plica tions in w h ic h bo th p a rt ies disp lay grea t in g n i ty Bu t Whi t e s
1 . e u .
’

l t p lay h e r e was
S O LU l C C S P — K Kt3 s t ill thr ea t enin g t o win an addi t ional P and g ivin g Black no
21 ,

c h ance of ins t i t utin g an a tt ack a g ains t th e Kin g s side ’

.

Game —Black conduc t s th e a tt ack wi th h i gh class in g enui t y T he sac ri fi ce of th e K t in addi tion

1 .
-
.

t o th e R al r eady g iven u p was we believe qui t e sound if i t h ad only been p u r sued pr o p e rly , , .

Ga m e — Wh i t e h ad eviden tly relied on th is fi ne th ou gh sim p le lookin g move fo r b reakin g th e

1 .
-

a ttack o th e rwise thr eat ened If fo r ins t ance 6 K t B P 6 B— K 6 7 Q—K t4 7 Q x R h ; .

, ,
2 , 2 2 ,
2 c .

8 K— B
2 8 Q x P c h and wins
2, 2 Y t W h i t e ou ght s t ill t o lose as will be seen
. . e .

Game —A mer e tr ansp o i t ion of m oves wh ic h does no t app a r t o be of m uc h im p o rt ance a t fir s t si ght

1 . s e

cos ts Black an excellen tly p layed g ame Fi rs t 6 P X P 7 B X P ! 7 Q >< R h wo ld h ave won . : 2 . . 2 ,

2 c . u

T h e m os t probable con tinuat i on w as th en 8 K— B 8 R —B s q c h 9 Kt B6 9 R t c h

, .

2 z ,
2 . . 2 ' -
,
2 .

3 E X
0 R 3 QX ; 3 R ,
B t 0 3 Q Q
— 6 h ; 3 K — K t if
( 31 K — B q Black d rives h im t o,
1 c . 2 2 2 s .
,

Kt by B — K 6 c h ) 3 B — Q s c h 3 3 K — B q 3 3 Q — B 8 h ; 3 4 Q — Q s q (if 3 4 K —B
—
2 2 s e 2,
.
34 .
,

—
. . . . .

Q —K
7 h 3 5 K — Kt
c 3 3.
5 Q, Q 8 h ; 3 6 K K t4
— if K — R
3 Black d
, r ives th e Kin g in t o a ma t e .
, ,

in g o r o th e rw ise losin g p osi tion by B — Kt7 ch and Q—Q5 h — 36 B — B 6 h ; 3 7 K— K15 . c . . . c .

-
or
—
,

37 K —R
3 37 B K t7 h ,
e t c — 37 Q Q — -
c h and wi s ) 34 c B K 6 .
h ,; 35 K — B 35 Q
.
, . . 2 . n , . . e . 2,
—B 5 h followed by Q — K t4 h winnin g th e B
o .
,
e .
, .

Game — T h is beau t iful move now wins by fo r ce

1 .

Game — Fo r if 9 Q—Q5 ; 3 R Q q t
1 . 2 . . 0 -
s .
, e c.

D uf res n e v . V on d e r L as a .

Game —Be tte r th an

2 . K B — B4 P— Q4 E xP
"

Kt 10 Qt .
; 3 K t— B 3 and
. 11 , 11 12 , 12 1 ,

th ou gh Pawns a r e even we sli ghtly p f Wh i t e on accoun t of th e t wo Bis h op s and Black s weak

,
re er
’

BP Bu t B—K is ve r y w eak on accoun t of

10 Kt K5 —
Q Q4 (
2 if —Q5 11 -
11 12
—
. . .
,

K t— Q B 4 wins a t once ); Kt—Q E 4 ! Kt t; 3 K t B 3 3 Q

— B4 ; 4 P — Kt4 and w ins
Q12 , 12 1 , 1 1 , .

Game —I f 3 B— Q ; 4 Kt t followed by Q—K5 h r e g ains th e p iece wi th tw Pawn

2 . 1 . . 2 1 , c .
, o s

ah ead (Dufr esn )

. e

Game —A e rro r w h ic h gr eatly com pr mises a won g ame A fte r 6 P xP

2 . n 7 K t>< P o . 1 . . e . 1 ,

7 Q
1 — B 7 h ; 8 K —
Q q c 8 Q t P ; 1 9 R K s q (o r 9Q R 6 h 9 B — sK t3 ; Q — B 1 q 1 - 1 -
c 1 20 s

—
. . . .
, .
, ,

B—R 6 and wi s ) 9 B —KKts;

20 Q — R 6 h n B —,
K t3 ; 1 Q — Q 3 h K t Q 4 ; W h i t e 20 e .
,
20 21 c .
,
21
‘

h as no defence .

Game — Fa t al 7
2 . K R — B
Q q ; 8
.
Q — R 6 h I 8 B —
. K t3; 9 Q — B q
.
9 K t — Q4 woul d s . 1 c .
,
1 1 s .
,
1 ,

h ave s till left h im a fai r a tt ack fo r th e loss f th e Paw s whe th e r o r no t W hi t e exc han g ed Q uee s o n , n .

M o rtim e r v . St . B on .

Game th e manne r of
3
— In . column W hi te we believe can simp l f th e g ame by o ur 1, , ,
iy Kt— KR 3 ,
wh ich avoids all com p lications arisin g fro m th e a ttack of th a t K t by P — K5 S hould Black answ er

—
.

—
Q Q4 th en W h,
i t e may r e tr ea t Q —K B q follo w ed by K Q s q in r e p ly t o Q —K5 c h s .
, . .

Gam e —White could h ave g ained he re a ve ry im p o ta t move by QKt—B3

2 .
r n .
1 10 TWO KN IGHTS D E FE N C E
’
.

GA M E N o . I . GAM E N o . 2 .

M ove 24 . . K t(Q4)x Q BP ch . M ove 15 . . K (K 2 ) —

Q3
B LA CK— s B LA CK— VON DE R LA S A .

W H I TE— A N DE R S S E N . W H I T E— E U E R E SN E .

GA M E N o . 4 .

M ove 3 0 . R (q —
) Q7 ch .

B L AC K—KO LI SCH .

W H I TE— M O RT IM E R . W H I T E— H I R S C H E LD F .
 TWO K N IGHTS D E FE N C E ’
.

G ame 5 . Game 7 .

1 l a ma Cong re ss
.
.

WE SE L C C , MO R PH Y
C RE FE LD C C De R IVI E R E .

P— Q4

0— 0
5K t >< P
R— K sq K tx P
BP— Q4 BO — O
a
.

OX E K t— K4 50

—
Q KR 4 P— Q4

B K3
-
K t— B 3 .
~
52
B — K t5 K tx I {t
l llP — K R 3
B— B6
40 l a Kt
P _ K5

Q Q 4— R j iB B4 ch 53
sq
.

K t >< P D 41 — R
it
2
3 2:
. .

s
t 42
Q X Kt 3
13P >< B 3 3 s _K q
ch §
.

K t>< P — Q2
14K j 4K t
.

-
K2 —B sq .

Kt —R
-

Qs ch Q 5
I SK 15
.

—
Qz , P — K t3 54
K t—K t6 Dble ch — R o
Q
'

J BK t— K 3
.

P —
B5
- 17B B -
s
_18
— R
Q 3
Kt —I 55
4
P— KZ D 56
j n KP
B6 P —

J UP K4
P —B7 h c
j
.

1 K— R q s
ueens
.

PXR q

za
g
fi

BX
: 24B X P c h .

K xB
“ 7 5R x B
“ QR ~
K sq wms
28
. .

W
 TWO K N IGHTS D E FE N C E ’
. 1 13

B ir d v . T s c h igo rin .

Game 5 —Ou r no tes t o th is g ame a re c h ie fl y q uo t ed fr om the App di to G m p M l by en x o

'
'
: anua
—
.

S Lip sc h ut
. P —Q4 PXP p ; K t >< P ( Q3 )
z . B — Q3 ; 3 11 K t Q fo l lowed by K t ,
1 1 e. . 12 ,
12 1 z,

B 3 g ives W h i t e an excellen t g ame wi th

,
P a h ead Fo r sh oul d B l ack a ttem pt 3 B xP th e a . 1 ,
n

would follow 4 P—K Kt3 4 B xP ; 5 P xB 5 Q x P h ; 6 Kt—B and sh oul d win

1 , 1 1 ,
1 c . 1 2, .

Game 5 —Wh i t e would h ave d one be tte r fir s t t o preven t th e en tr ance f th e h os tile K t by P

. o

—QK t3 .

Game 5
— 1
.
7 B —c h (o r
Kz , ; 8 l t 1 7 K t— Q 6
8 PXP ; . . K t—B 6 eh . 1 8 K— B sq .
, 1
’
,
1

19 O —O was fa r mo r e favo r able fo r W hi t e

, .

Game 5 —I f 9 P — B3 9 B —B4ch . K— R q Q K wi th a wi nin g a tt ack

1 — ,
1 . 20 s .
,
20 2, n .

Game 5 K t >< P Q B.
4; P —-
K B 32o Q — K R 4; P t Q — R ,7 h ; 3 K
20— B 3 Q
-
21 ,
21 22 ,
22 e . 2 z ,
2
—B5 c h (o r 3 Q— R 5 h ;.
4 P — K t3 4 E x P h2 ;
— if 4.
Q — R 7
. h ; 5 K — B3 5 Qx e ,
2 ,
2 e . 2 . . e . 2 ,
2

Q ; h e6 K xQ . 6 R t 2h ; 7 K — B 3 wi th a P a h ead —
5 K —
,
K t and s h ould win )
2 4K e . 2 , 2 2, 2

K t s q was by f be tt e r p lay fo r Black s bes t p lan would be now t o d r aw by pe rpe t ual ch

. ar ,
’
.

Game 5 — Ill j ud g ed R — KR q followed by QR K B q was much b tte r

.
- . s .
,
-
s .
, e .

Game 5 P rema t ure R — R 3 was necessa ry fo r th e defence

.
-
. .

Game 5 —A r eal mast e r p w hich fo rces th e vic t o r y in ele g an t s t yle

. cou .

Game 5 I f 6 QP X P 6 Kt>< P h ; 7 K t t 7 R t
.
-
2 threa t enin g R X KK tP h d ,
2 c . 2 ,
2 , c .
,
an

Game 5 —Beau tif l p lay w h ich fi nish es ff th e quickes t way

. u ,
o .

Game 5 —3 R X B followed by .K — B s q if Wh i te r ep ly Q x P was al o g ood eno

2 , , s u gh .

W e se l C h e s s Cl ub v . C re f e l d Ch e ss C l ub .

Game 6 —Com p ar e Columns 3 7—4 T h e same p ositions may arise in th e Sco tc h Gambi t by a tr an
. 2 . s

p osi t ion f th e 3 d and 4th moves on eac h side

o , .

Game 6 — Infer io r t o .B — QK t5 w h ic h acco rdin g t o th e H d b / would lead t o an eve 10 . .

, ,
an uc z , n

g ame th us Kt>< P Q Q
x ; K R x Q
'

K :t t11
; 3 R t 3 B—B K ; 4 B — B4 4 O , 11 12 ,
12 1 ,
1 2 1 ,
1

—O ; 15 E xP , 15 K R —Q B sq ; . 16 B —Q6, 16 B xB ; 17 Kt , 1 7 R xP ;
.
18 R t >< P , 18 R t P,
e tc .

Game 6 .
—A fi ne sac ri fi ce w h ich , , we believe is warr an ted by th e p osi tion
,
.

Game 6 . 13 Kt (no t 3 K t >< P h 1 3 K — K ; 4 e .

,
1 z 1 K t —K t3 , 14 R —Q sq . ,

Pt ; 1 4 K t
13 P e h ,
1 4
. K — B2 ; 1 —
5 Q Q 7 eh
. . .
, 15 B — K2 (o r 15 . . Kt ; 16
R — P eh , 1 6 K— K t4 ; 1 7 P —R 4 ch , 1 7 K >< P ; 1 8 R — Kt6,
. . and wins); 16 Q xP eh .
,
16 K—K t2 ;
1 7 Kt— Q ,
5 lfol owed mostly by
R —K ,
3 wi th a fi ne a ttack .

Game 6 — T h is loses sp eedily T h ei r g ame was h oweve r ve r y diffi c l t and we believe could t
. .
, ,
u , , ,
no

be r e tr ieved wi th ou t some loss P robably th e bes t def ence was 3 R —KKt q and afte r 4 QR 1 s 1

w he reup on no d b t Wh it would g e t the advan ta g e by 5 E X P Bu t i t sh ould

. .
,

—Q q 4 B
s — K .
, 1 z , ou , e 1 .

be no ticed th a t if Wh i t e con tinue 5 B xB 5 K X B ; 6 Kt— B5 Black would b reak th e a ttack 1 , 1 1 ,

by 6 QR Q s q Fo r if Wh i t e r eply 7 K t><P Black wins by Q x R ch

1 . .
-
. 1 ,
.

Game 6 —T h e bes t p lan w h ic h simp li fi es th e g ame wi th enou gh mate r ial t o wm

. .

Game 6 —E xcell en t p lay and q ui t e decisive

. .

Game 6 — A fte r 5 R — KB q ; 6 Q—K t6 h 6 K —Kt q ; 7 K t—K8 7 Q — Kt4 h ;

. 2 . . s . 2 e .
,
2 s . 2 ,
2 e .

28 R — K 8 R — B ; 9 Kt followed by Q —K8 c h W hi t e s g ame woul d p lay i tself ou t

2, 2 2 2 ,
.
’
.

Game 6 —Fo r if 8 K— B4 9 R — K t6 dis h if 8 K— K t4 ; 9 Q—Q5 c h e tc

. 2 . . 2 . e .
,
2 . . 2 .

M o rp h y v . D e R ivie re .

Game 7 leads to a va riat ion in th e Giuoc Piano known Max L an g e s a tta k

.
—
5 . . B — B4 o , as
’
c .

T he move in th e tex t is no t g ood .

Game 7 —I f 6 K txP ; 7 K t— B5 7 0 —0 (o r 7 P — KKt3 ; 8 Q — Q5+

. .
7 . P — Q4 , . .
,
or . .

8 Kt>< P eh ; 8 K — B sq ; 9 Q B — K R 6,
.
9 K— K t sq ; . . 10 8 Q —K t4 , 8 P— K Kt3 (o r
. K t— K t4 9K t >< B eh + 9 K t— R 6 eh + . .

{Contin ued on p age 1 1 5}

1 14 TWO KN IGHTS D E F E N C E
’
.

GAM E N O . 6 .

Move Kt
12 .

B LA CK— CR E E L D
F CC . .

VV H I T E BIRD
— . W H I TE —WE S E L CC . .

W H I T E— M O R P HY . W H I T E—MA CC O N N E LL .
 ’
P E T R O F F S D E F E N CE .

Th e Ge r man H and bue/z s t ates th a t th i s O p en i n g i s al ready ment i one d i n t h e

t i n g en M anusc ri pt an d i s also no t i ce d b y v a ri ous l a t e r aut h o r i t i es l i ke Lo p e z S e ,

Loll i Po n ian i and o th e r s

,
z I n p r ac t i ce du r i n g ou r p r esen t centu ry i t was firs t fa v o r e d by
.

t h e R uss i an m as t e r P e tr o ff afte r w h om i t i s named and i t r ece i v e d its fi rs t ex t ens i v e analy

,

sis in th e F r enc h C h ess j ou r nal L a P al am eae i n 1 8 4 2 at t h e h ands of th e R uss i an au th o r

’

j a
‘

n i sc h. I t i s g ene r ally ado pt e d fo r th e p u rp ose o f a v o i d i n g th e co m p l i ca t i ons o f o th e r

v a r i a t i ons i n th e K i n g s Kn i gh t s o p en i n g l i ke th e R uy L o p e th e Ev ans Gamb i
’ ’
z,

S co t c h Gamb i t e tc , .

As r e g a r ds i t s me r i ts as a defence v a r i ous aut h o r i t i es h a v e ex pr essed d i ffe r en t o p i

on th e subj ec t b u t al l a gree d h i th e r to th a t 3 Kt >< P
,

i t was g ene rally adm i tt ed th at t h i s l i ne of at t ack only r e t a i ne d

mo v e by p r o p e r p lay on th e ot h e r s i de We th i nk h owe v e r th a t th e s
.

leas t c anb e p r o v ed fo r t h e first p laye r by th e attack 3 P— Q 4 w h i c h h as h i t h e r to b

almos t i g no r ed .

Col umn 1 w i t h t h e no t es s h ows th e mos t feas i ble l i ne of defence and t h e v a r i at i

s pr i n g i n g th e r efr om lea v e th e g ame cons i de r ably i n fa v o r of t h e at t ack .

Col umn 2 i s al r eady g i v en i n Cook s Syno p s i s and i n c onse q uence of Black s

’

,
’

tio n ab l e sth m o v e W h i t e g a i ns a clea r P w i t h ou t susta i n i n g any d isad van tag

t o mo v e h i s K i n g I t i s h owe v e r W h i te s bes t p lan t o be sa t i s fi ed w i t h t h e P
.
’
.

b e can w i n a p i ece by fo r ce by a
coun t e r a tt ack on t h e o th e r s i de
-

able T h e v a ri a t i ons we g i v e i n ou r no t es a r e sam

.

th e ea r ly sac r i fi ce o f t wo p i eces w h i c h i s m ade p oss i ble i n c o nse

of W h i t e s K i n g
’
.

Colum n 4 deal s w i t h a l i ne o f p lay w h i c h some aut h o r i t i es (1

e v en g am e on th e assum pt i on th a t W h i te on t h e 6th mo v e s h oul d
Bu t th e mod i fi cat i on w h i c h we su gg es t g i v es W h i te an a tt ack s i m i la r
H o r w i t z an d F r a z e r v a r i a t i on s o f th e S co t c h Gamb i t b u t as w i ll b e seen es p ec i al ]
o ur no t e s w h i c h are fa i r i llus tr a t i ons of h un t i n g an d e v e n ca t c h i n g th e Q ueen by

of a t tacks fr om m i no r p i eces W h i t e ob t a i ns a m uc h st r on g e r at t ack th an i n th e

‘

name d v a r i a t i ons of th e S co t c h an d th i s i s c h i e fl y due t o th e l oose p os i t i on of

ad v e r se KKt .

Column 5 is an o ff s h oo t of th e las t t end i n g t o s h ow t h a t th e de v i ce of re tre a

Q Q s q w h i c h may b e ado pt ed i n a s i m i la r p os i t i on i n th e S co t c h Gamb i t leads to
—
.

l oss of a p i ece i n th i s i ns t ance .

In Col umn 6 we also p r esen t a no v el l i ne of p lay w h i c h s h ows a dec i ded su p e

fo r t h e fir s t p laye r i n a v a r i at i on w h i c h mos t au th o r i t i es h el d t o pr oduce an e v en
O ur alte r a ti ons i n th e demons tr a t i on commence s on W h i t e s 6 mo v e fo r wh
’

0— 0 was r ecommende d b u t we th i nk th a t ou r subs t i t u t i on w i ll b e foun d a

,

ment as aft e r th e ado pt i on of ou r p r o p os i t i on t o p lay6 B— Kt 5 e h al l th e

, .
,

th e defence a pp ea r t o u s fo r ced w h e reas afte r 6 0— 0 Black m i ght r e p ly 6

,
.

w i t h g oo d p r os p ec ts of e q ual i ty .

In Col 7 we pr esen t a v a r i a t i on w h i c h ends i n b r i ll i anc i es th ou gh a t sta rt

.

h as only ado p ted a r eso rt w h i c h fo r a lon g t i me h as been r ecom men d e d fo r

a g a i ns t th e usual l i ne of a tt ack W h i t e s K t h owe v e r w h i c h h as t aken th e
.
’

, ,
 PE T R O F F S ’
DE FE N C E . ”7
5
sth mo v e i s an i ncon v en i en t fi xtu r e (e n p ass an t we m ay s ta t e th a t we d i d no t cons i de r
, ,

i t necessa ry t o i n v es t i g a t e th e conse q uences o f 5 P x P w h i c h i s o p p osed t o ou r g ene ral

p r i nc i p les an d,
w e m ay me r ely sta t e th a t 5 K B — Q B 4 o r K t— .B 4 a r e
. e q ually g ood
answe r s to prod uce an e v e n g ame a g a i ns t th a t m o v e ) an d we s h ow th a t Black w h en ,

try i n g t o ge t r i d o f th a t K t g i v es h i s o p p onen t com p l i cate d sac ri fi c i n g o p p o rt un i ti es

w h i c h we bel i e v e ou ght to be i n fa v o r o f th e fir s t p l aye r .

T h e nex t col um n i s of a s i m i l a r c h a rac t e r an d i ns tr uc t iv e tact i cs w i l l be foun d i n ,

N o t e 2 3 pr o v i n g we bel i e v e th e su p e r i o r i t y fo r W h i te w h o h as sac r i fi ced a p i ece

, , , .

Col umns 9 and 1 0 al so a p p ly th e t es t t o l i nes o f p lay s i m i la r t o th ose wh i c h a r e

recommen d e d fo r th e defence by au th o r i t i es a g a i ns t t h e a tt ack 3 Kt >< P Bu t t o th e .

bes t o f ou r j ud g men t th e second p l aye r canno t e q u al i z e th e p os i t i on i f W h i te p l ay

,

p p r o e r ly .

I n C ol 1 1 we a t l as t thr ead i n t o th e p a th of th e ol d attack an d we t h i nk th a t

.

es p ec i ally th e n e w s i m p l e mo v e 8 KKt— B3 ou ght t o h el p Bl ack t o an e v en g ame

. .
.

I n Col 1 2 we s h ow th e r esul t i f Black ado p ts th e ol d l i ne of p l ay an d we add some

.

new mo v es w i th no t es t o th e m a i n v a r i a t i on w h i c h i s al r eady g i v en by th e v a r i ous aut h o r

i t i es up t o Bl ack s 1 1 th m o v e b u t i t s h oul d b e s p ec i al ly no t i ce d th a t w h e reas 6 Kt
’

, . .

Q 3 gB i s ene r ally m a r ked as bes t i n th e b ooks -

we q ue r y i t i n th e usual ,
m anne r and we ,

may add th a t we cons i de r i t s i n fe r i o r i ty h a r dly q ues ti onable I t s h oul d be added to .

th i s v a r i a t i on th a t i f 1 1 P X P ; 1 2 B X B P 1 2 0— 0 ; 1 3 R — Kt s q g i v es W h i te
. .
,
.

e q ually th e su p e r i o r g ame .

I n T able I I I w e i n tr oduce i n Col 1 3 th e m o v e R — K s q on th e 9th m o v e wh i c h w e

. .
,

cons i de r a means o f a t tack well wo rth try i n g i n v a r i ou s fo r ms of th i s o p en i n g t h ou gh ,

h i th e rt o i t h as esca p ed th e no t i ce of th eo r i s t s an d pr ac t i t i one rs O n W h i te s I o th m o v e .
’

i n th i s v a r i a t i on we r ecom men d th e ad v ance of P— B 5 i n o r de r t o con fi ne Black s p i eces

,
’
.

Th ou gh th i s i s v e ry r a r ely g oo d i n th e o p en i n g an d h as ne v e r been m ent i oned ye t i n ,

any of th e v a r i at i ons of th i s de b u t w e th i nk ou r dem ons tr a ti on pr o v es i t t o be soun d i n

,

th e p r esen t p os i t i on .

Col 1 4 t ends t o p r o v e th a t Black canno t fo rt i fy h i s K t by 9

. P— B4 w i t h ou t fa t ally . .

com p r om i s i n g h i s g ame .

Col 1 5 i s a su gg es t i on fo r th e a ttack fr om a g ame i n t h e Ge r m an H an d buc /z by 8

.

R — K s q i n l i eu o f th e mo r e comm on 8 P— B 4
. We cons i de r th a t W h i te g ets c o n sid.

e rab l y t h e bes t o f t h e p os i t i on by th i s l i ne o f p l ay w i th ou t b r eak i n g th e Pawns on th e

Q w ing .

Col 1 6 i s r ema rkable as u p t o Black s 1 1 t h m o v e i t occu rr ed i n a celeb r ated g ame

.
,
’

p laye d by co rr es p ondence between P est h an d P a r i s an d t h e p l ay on bot h s i des was ,

acce p ted as th e standa r d fo r th i s fo r m of th e o p en i n g Bu t ou r su gg est i on o f 1 1 Kt

. . .

B3 g i v es i n ou r o p i n i on th e secon d p laye r a v e ry g ood g ame

.
, ,
albe i t i n some of t h e ,

v a r i a t i ons h e comes ou t a P be h i nd .

I n r e v i ew i n g Col 1 7 w h i c h i n c onj unct i on w i t h th e no t es r ej ects t h e ol d au th o r

.
, ,

iz e d attack an d su gg ests a n e w one i t s h oul d be adde d th a t i f 8 ,

KB — QKt 5 9 B . .

Q 9 2!
,
E X E ; 1 0 Q K t X B 1 0 P — B 4 ,
1 1 K t >< P w i t h th e su p e r i o r g am e .

I n Col 8 we d i ffe r fr om aut h o r i t i s

1 . e w h o r ecommend 7 B — K B4 w h i c h l eads to an ,

e v en g am e w h e r eas th e pr o c ess we su gg es t m ay be b r i e fl y d i sm i sse d as sho w in g a su

,

p e rio r i ty fo r W h i te w h o h as a p i ece st r on g ly fi xe d i n t h e cent r e an d h is K BP ad v ance d fo r

th e a t tack .

In T able IV an i nfe r i o r de fence 3 K t X P i s deal t w i t h i n Col umn 1 9 an d some

. .
, ,

i ns tr uc t i v e n i ce t i es o f p lay w i l l be foun d i n th e notes th e reto T h e nex t c ol um ns of th a t .

t able s h ow th a t Bl ack m ay ado pt 3 Q K 2 w i t h i m p un i ty and as no mo r e th an an

. .
-
,

e ven g am e can b e o p ene d a g a i ns t th i s l i t tl e pr act i se d th i ght t i

S defence s ou o b e an add ,

tio n al r eason fo r d i sca r d i n g th e at t ack 3 Kt >< P as i ne ffi c i en t i n com p a r i son w i t h 3 P — Q i .

 21 1 8 P E T R O FF S
’
D E FE N C E .

t h e Coc hr ane a tt ack (4

I n i n T abl e V we r e v e r se th e j ud g men t ,

w r i t e r s fo r i n Cols 2 5 and 2 6 we ad v ocate l i nes of p lay w h i c h h a v e h i t

,
.

condemned In th e l atte r col umn t h e m o v ements o f t h e K i n g i n t h e m i ddle 0

.

fo r m an i n te r est i n g no v el featu r e .

In Col 2 7 we t h i nk t h a t we a r e g i v i n g pr oof by a n e w l i ne of attack 9

.
,

h
t e mo v e 5 B — K 3 h.ead i n g t h.i s column ,
does n o t r el ease Black s K i n g fr
,
om all d iffi
’

c ul tie s as q u i ckly as h as been su p p osed on th e assu m p t i on th a t W h i te ,

m us t p lay h i s
Kt—Q B3 O ur m od i fi cat i on g iv es W h i te s Q ueen m o r e sco p e fo r ac t i on on h e r own w i n g
’
. .

Wi t h Col 2 8 a l i ne of p lay commences w h i c h i s usually tr ea t e d i n th e K i n g s Bi s h

.
’

o p s o p en i n g b u t i n o r de r n o t to defe r ou r r eade r s t o t h e second v ol um e we h a v e de v oted

’

at once attent i on t o its c h i e f featu r es M os t au th o ri t i es h ol d t h a t 3 B— B4 i n th i s o p en i n g

.

i s t h eo ret i cally unsound e s p ec i ally i f followe d u p w i th 4 QKt— B3 afte r 3

, Kt X P . . .

B ut th ou gh we a gr ee w i t h th i s j ud g men t we d i ff e r as r e g a r ds th e demons tr a ti ons We .

lay mos t st ress fo r t h e defence on t h e mo v e P— Q B3 w h i c h s h oul d be ado p ted as ea rly ,

as p oss i ble n o t alone fo r t h e p u rp ose of d ri v i n g back W h i te s K B b ut also w i t h t h e o b

'

, ,

j e c t of pr o v i d i n g an ex i t fo r Black s K i n g at Q E Z i n an t i c i p at i on of h i s be i n g d riv en to
’

Q ueen s s q ua re ’
.

Columns 2 9 an d 3 0 con ta i n co rr ec ti ons of aut h o r i z ed l i nes of p lay b ut we t h ou gh t

t h e v a r i at i ons p o i nted ou t i n t h e las t note of t h a t T abl e es p ec i ally r ema rkabl e as it ,

c on t a i ns a fi ne sac r i fi ce of th e Q w h i c h i n pr ac t i ce woul d be l i kely to succeed s i nce e v en ,

t h e analyt i cal demonst r a t i on of t h e unsoundness of th i s sac r i fi ce a pp ea rs v e ry d i ffi cul t .

I n Columns 3 an d 3 of T able VI we endea v o r to dem onst r ate th a t 7

1 2 ,
P — B3 . .
,

an d no t 7 P— Q 3 i s Black s bes t mo v e T h e fo r me r has been ne g lec ted on accoun t

’
. . .

of a fanc i ful so rt of attack su p p ose d to b e a t W h i te s d i s p osal by th e sac r i fi ce of a R ook ’

.

We bel i e v e h owe v e r t h a t t oo m uc h m ate r i al is g i v en u p fo r an at t ack wh i c h s i m p ly r es ts

, ,

o n th e pr e p a r ato ry c o u
p d e r e p o s e 1 0 Q — K z In ou r O p i n,
i on t h e defence ou gh.t t o w i n ,

th ou gh mos t o f t h e book v a r i a t i ons end i n fa v o r of th e fi r s t p laye r We also d i sa gr ee .

w i th t h e demons tr a ti ons h i t h e rt o a tt em p ted F o r t h e defence 9 Q— B4 w h i c h was . . .

h el d t o be dan g e r ous a p p ea rs to us th e bes t and i n fac t th e only one w h e r eas 9

, Q ,
. .

Q 3 w h i c h was su pp ose d to g i v e Black t h e best c h ance o f pr olon g i n g t h e fight i s i n ou r

, , ,

o p i n i on al t o g et h e r un t enable
, .

In Col 3 3 t h e i nfe r i o r defence 5 P— Q 3 i s t aken u p and fr om Black s 8 th mo v e

’
. .
,

we i n v est i g ate some new add i t i ons com pr i s i n g a feas i ble defence w h i c h canno t be eas i ly
,

met .

Col 34 i s al r eady well k n own to t h eo r i sts and r e t a i ns th e ma i n i dea of t h e attack

.
-

a g a i ns t 5 P— Q 3
. . .

In th e nex t two col umns t h e con t i nua t i on of Q—K z we a ga i n d i ffe r ent i r ely fr om the ,

ol d aut h o r i t i es i n th e conclus i ons we d r aw fr om t h e con t i nua t i ons a r i s i n g afte r 4 Q—K z

,

i n r e p ly t o 3 Kt X P F o r by th e new mo v e 5 B— K3 w h i c h we ado p t fo r the de

. . . . .
,

fence we th i nk we pr o v e a c l e ar su p e ri o r i ty fo r Black w h e r eas we m a i nta i n t h a t th e

, ,

aut h o r i z ed mo v e 5 KB—Q B4 leads only t o an e v en g ame b y b es t p lay on Wh i te s p a rt

’
.
.
1 20
’
PE T R O FF S DE FE N C E .

Column 3 Move 10 . P x Q BP . Col mn 4 Move

u . 14 .
—
Q K2 .

B LA CK . B LA CK .

W H ITE .
W HI T E .
 PE T RO P F S DE FE N C E 121

Col .
—A fte r 5 Q X P 5 P —Q4 ; 6 P X P e
1 .
'

,
.
p .
,
6 Kt P; 7 Q B - K Kts, 7 P —KB3 ; 8 QB —KB4 .

8 Kt— B3 ; 9 Q—Q2 Whi t e h as h a rdly any , advan t a g e .

Col — O 7 O —O ; 8 Q B —K B4 8 P
1 r P—Q4 ; 9 0 —0— 0 wi t h th e p i game
~
Q 3 (if su e r o r
o r t 8 Kt—KB; 9 Kt t 9 B P t ; B—Kt3 and we p fe r wh i te ; 9 O —O —O P—Q B3
.
. . . , .
,

i 10 re
— — — If
,

B Kt sq
.
,
— KK K K K
( g
or B Q ; t t5 B t4; B x B Qx B h2; 10 t 3 1o 11 11 e 2 -
12 1
K— K t sq t h rea tenin g P X P f ollowed by KKt —B3 wi t h an excellen t posi tion
, , . .
,

10 .
.

C L —I f 8
O BP t
1 ; 9 Q — R 5 h 9 P — K t3; Q — Kt4 followed soon by P— K R 4 wi th a e 10
fi ne a ttack
.
. . .
, ,

Col — Obviously Black dar e no t cas tle on acco t of B — R 6 and if 9 P—K Kt3 Wh i te will h
1 u n O
t ain an excellen t a ttack by P — K R 4
. . . . .

Col . 2 ,
—6 . . Kt —Q B4 is al to g e the r ou t of ques tion on accoun t of the reply B — K 5 t .

Col .
3 . seduc t ive move w hic h wins a p iece bu t subj ct Whi te t an i rr esis tible a ttack
—
A , e s o .

Col — N be tte r i s K — K — s q o r
3 9 t to 9 P t ; Q B 4 h R P X P ( QX B 10 c 10 11 11 11 B
K t—B 3 ;
.
.
, .
,
.
,

Kt5 e h ; 1 2 B — K z — 1 3KxB, 1 3
Qx , 4 Q R 5; 1 5 Qt
P 1 12 1 5 Q xP B xB eh 14
°

— and
,
. .
,

ch ; 1 6 K— Q sq , 1 6 Q X KtP ; 1 7 R — K sq , l 7 Q — K t5 e h ; 1 8 K Q ,
- 2 1 8 R B 7 eh ;
ma tes nex t move bes t if w i ns
. . . . .

), B — K t h B — K ( B — B P XP BXB
1 1 5 e ; 1 2 z I Z 3 1 2 ), 1 2
wi th a tt ack if queenin g
,

ch n
. . . .

eh , 1 3 K x B , 1 3 Q — R
5; a w inn in g F or 14 Pt 14 Q K t5 a dm ates
°

in a moves and s q if sq e tc
. .
, .

few ; i f 1 4 Qx B 1 4 R X P e h 1 5 K — K ( 1 5 K — Q 1 —
5 Q Kt5 eh ,
°

dis — sq c h and mates nex t move

. .
, . . . .

15 R t P ch ; 16 K Q 1 6 Q K t5
- . . . . .

Col 3 Kt t l eads t o t h e same 10iti as in th e previous no te and if Kt—B7 c h th e g ame on 10

R
-
os

mi ght proceed
. .
,
.

R t ; QX K t >< P h ; K — K
10 K t ; 3 P x P —
3 Q Q ; 11 11 c 12 2, 1 2 1 1 2
ueeni if and s ould win 4 (obviously
.

q
. .
, ,

14 tP g ( 4 Q xQ 4 K t h ) 4 QnX Q ; 5 Q — K B 1 1 1 1
bes t as Black threatens th e fat al Q— B5 c h 6 Q—R 4 ch
, ,
—Q
. .

6 B— Q 7 Q B3 z 1 2, 1 1
s q — s q — 9 E X E ch
. .
, ,

1 7 R — K h ; 8 K Q 8 K t— B 7 h ; 9 K e B q 1 KxB Q Kt4 1 e 1 s 1 20 20 -

h ; and ma t es nex t move

. .
,
.
,
. .

e . .

C ol T he re ar e o th er defences w hich howeve r do t i m prove Black p iti If fo r i s t ance

4
— no
’
S
s os on n
—
. .
, , .
, ,

8 Q K t— B 3; 9 Q K t — B 3 9 K t t ; Q t Q B 4; Q K4 P Q3 ; ~
K B Q K t5 10 10 11 1 1 -
12 ~

2 Q K t3 (o r P—K B 4 ; 3 Q R 4 c h K K t5 and wins O r if

.
, , , ,

K —
3 B ; 4 Q B 12 1 1 2 1 12
Kt—Q B3 ; 3 B — K3 3 Q — Kt5 ; 4 B t and wins ; fo r if 4 P X B ; 5 B— Kt5 ch and
.
. .
, .

1 1 1 1 1
mates nex t move and if 4 Q X Q ; 5 B X Q h avi g won a p iece ); 3 B—K3 3 Q— R 4 ( f 3
.
.
, , , . .

1 1 n 1 1 1 1
P Q B4 ; 4 P — Q K t4 wi th an i rr esis tible a tt ack ); 4 Q R — Q q KB3 (o r 4
, .
,

-
1 4 P — P 1 s 1 1
c
. .
, . .

Q 3 ; 5 Qt
B P
5 x ; B 6 B — K1t 6 h 6 Qx ; 7 Q
B — K 8 h 17 K — B ; 8 K t— Q5 h 1 1 1 o 1 z 1 e
and wins ); 5 P —K B4 5 KKt—Q (if 6 P — Q B3 ; 7 P t
. .
, , .
,

1 7 P xB ; 8 P xB P 1 8 P xP ; 2 1 1 1 1 1
and wins — Q B s q and wins
, , ,

B — — K —R6
1 9 Q4 ); 6 P Q 4 t 6 Q ; 7 Q B 1 ,
1 I . .

Col 4 — Clearly if Q X K t h ; W h i t e sim p ly t akes and th e K t da11r e no t r e t ake on acco n t of e u

th e im p endin g ma t e by R — K8 ch
. . .
.
,

Col 4 —Con ti nued P —Q R 3 ; 5 B —Q3 5 K t— K t5 ; 6 K t K t3 6 Q — B 4 c h (o r 6 1 1 1 1 1

— — if 9 B
. .
, ,

Q K t5; 7 B 7 B — K 3
-
7 Q Q 4; R 8 1P — B 5 8 B Q ( B — 4;
Q 1 1 1 1 z 1
— Kt5 c h
.
, ,

K t— K t B — K B —
Q4 +
9 5 9 q ; 1 ,
1 s . 20 .

12 Col 5
—I f P —Q B 4 ; 7 R —K sq , 7 Q
K t— B 3 ; 8 K t >< P , 8 KKt P ; 9 Kt t, 9 QP t ;
K t— K t3 ; 1 1 B —Q 3 , 1 1 B — K 3 ; 1 2 P —B 5
. . . . .

10 P — K B4 , 10

13 Col 5 C 0 n tin ued :

-
I 4
— K t3 1 5 Q X Q 15 Kt ; 1 6 R X K t 1 6 R —
Q8 h , c 1 7 K — B2 , 17
or sq 18 R —K q s
.
,

1 8 K t— B 3 , 1 8 R — R 8 ; 1 9 P — Q Kt3 +
.
. .
,

B — K t5 ( K —
B . . .

Col 6 — h t g r ain st th ea ened by P xP and i f

Black as o ua d a
thr t P — B5 ; 9 Q e loss of a P
ea enin Q
if 8 P X P ; 9 Q X P 9 KKt B3 ( o r s
. .
, . .

K2 (th r t g BXP) K2 ; 1 0 R — K q A nd
—
-

sq
.
,
. .
.

9 P — Q 3;
R 1 0 Q x I o R — K c h 1 0 B K 2 ;Kt B 3 P —Q 3;
R B— R4 11 11 12 12
fo if — 0 ; 6 R X B and wins if 5
. .
, , ,

P — QKt4 ; I 3 B — K t3 , 1 3 Kt— Kt3 , 1 4 B — K t5 + ,

. .

r 15 1 or 1
and wins
.
,
—
Q Q3 ; 1 6 R x B eh , 1 6 K x R ; 1 7 Q x Q K t
. . .

Col 6 — Obviously if B— K ; P X P and Black s Q P will also be weak

’
. . 11 . . 2 12 ,
.

Col 6 C ti d P — R 3 (o r —B 5 ; 4 R — K 5 + o r if
-
0n n ue 4 Q xP 4
: 1 1 1
P —
. .
, ,

— K R 6 K P h 6 K— B Q — B 7 K
R 3 ; 5 R xB 5Q x R l if x t ><
1 7 5 h 1 1 e 1 1 e 1
K t s q 8 B t and Wi ns— 6 K t>< P 6 Q —Q3 ; 7
; q ; s

8 R —Q s q thr ea t en
. .
, . , . .
,

. 1 1 ,
1 1 1 .
.»

in g K t — S B X Kt ; 6PXB 16 K —
7 Q Q4 +
14 Bt 14 E xB ; I SP X P I I BZ ; I
‘ '

,
1 22
’
PE T R O FF S D E FE N C E .

7
P — Q4
3x9 0 )

B— Q3
4P -~
Q4
K t >< P
53 — 03
0— 0

P —QB 4
IP
L
T

K —B
Q t 3 18
13m m
Pt

n Kt 19 9B —
K3

PXB P — K B4
10
B — K3 20 l fl B X Kt
Q -
R5 B P >< B
1 1P —K K t3 11P x P P
Q -
R6 E XP ch
1ZK t— Q 12K >< B
.

2 21

B — K t5 Q —R ch
5
is 13K— Kt s q
.

P— B3 .

KB t P -l D B —K t5 + D 2 3
22 14

B LACK . B L ACK .

Column 7 Move . 14 KBt P . Column 8 Move

. 14 B — K t5
.

W H I TE . W H I TE .
1 24
’
P E T R O FF S DE FE N C E .

P—K4

BQK t—B3 613—4 23 BP—Q B4

O— O 0— 0 0— 0 !
7B — K 2 7o _ o 7m
P B4
-
P — B4 R—K sq
8B BB— K3 BP
.

—K 3 —K B4

R —K sq —
Q Bz K t— K 5
Kt— B 3 38 9P— B4 46 P— K B 4 B— K3

10
0_
P B5 39
40 0
1 Kt
Kt—B 3
t “
1
Q -
K t3 48 B — K t5
l fl B — Qz
ch .

54

K t— B 3 Pt Kt
11B —K t5 11P >< P 47 11Kt— B3 1 D 4 9 11K t>< K t ~

B— K 3 R xB Bt 50 P— K B3 +
I ZQ —Q 2 41 12P )< B 12p
. 12
K t— K t5
e g
g 1313
K —B
14 5 Q t
1
3
1401 0 14 R—K t q s . 51

11 — 10 sq 42 1 3
15 1512 11 2
K t —K 5 +
16

Column 14 . Move 16 K t— K 5 . Column 16 . Move 11 . . K t— B 3 !

, B L ACK . B LA CK .

W H I TE . WH ITE .
 PE T R O FF S
’
D E FE N C E . 1 25

Col 3 . 1 K
Q 5t ;.B t E x R ; P x P - 10 ,
10 1 1

Col 3 —T his is so nd enou gh now fo r Black h no t ime t o b reak u p th e Pawns by P —Q Kt3

. 1 . u ,
as .

Com p a re nex t no t e .

C ol . 13 .
—QK t 3 ; Q — R 4
11 1 1 B —Qz ; ,
12 K B —Q K t s, 12 Q K t— Q K t s
q ; 1 3 K t—K .

5 ,
13 E xB ; Q x B eh 14 .
,
1 4 K —B sq ; 1 5 Q Kt—B 3 . Fo r if 15 . . P x P ; 1 6 Q —K t 7 , 1 6 QKt
— Q2 1 7 K t —B 6 and wins .

Col . 13 .
—I f 12 . . K t— K sq .
, 13 —
Q Kt 3 wins a P wi th a safe posi tion .

Col . 13 .
— Mi ght be con tinued 15 . . K t— K sq ; . 16 P —QR 4 , 16 P — B4 ; 17 —K t 5 P , 17 PxP ; 1 8
P xP, 18 K t— K t sq ; . 19 K t—K5
Fo r afte r th e exch an g e Q ueen of s White will eas ly o c i pr te t
th e QP by K t— K2 if necessa r y and ob t ain th e su pe rio r posi tion by R — R s q
, .

Col . 14 .
— Or 10 . . K B —Q K t s 1 1 Bt ,
11 Q P x B ( 11 . . B P xB ; 1 2 KKt— K K t 5, 1 2 B t ;
13 Kt ,
13 —
Q Kz ; 14 P x B, 14 Qt ; 15 —
Q R5 ch . 1 2 P —Q 5, 1 2 P t ; 1 3 R xB eh .
,

13 K—Q 2 ; 14 Q xP
Col 4 I f . 1 —Q ; .
P x
- P B x P (if 3 P — B 4 fo l lowed by 4 P —Q5 2 12 , 12 1 1

wins ) ; 3 Kt—K5 3 K t t ; 4 R t and wins ; fo r if 4 0 —0 ; 5 Q— K wins a p iece

1 ,
1 1 1 . . 1 z ,

as besides R X B Whit e also thr ea tens R X QB followed by KB —QB4 — if 4 B—K3 5 Q

, , Or 1 . . 1

K 5 K
2, 1— B 6 R X B followed by 7 K B — Q B 42wins 1 ,
1 .

Col 4 —Con ti nued 6 Q —K q ; 7 QR — K t q 7 P — QKt 3 8 Q— R 3

. 1 . 1 . . s . 1 s .
,
1 1

Col 15 —I f 9
. . . . K t— B4 ; 10 K B — QK t s, 10 0— 0 ; 11 Bt ,
1 1 P xB ; 12 K t—K 5, 12 B — Q2
1 3 K t— R 4

47 . Col 5 —T he bes t answe r t o

. 1 . K t— B4 is R xB 11 . 12 .

Col 6 — I t is we believe q ui t e safe fo r \Vhit h er e t o con fi ne

. 1 . e th e adv r se p i ces by
e e 10 P — B 5, fol
lowed immed ia t ely by P—QKt4 .

Col 6 — T he above moves occ rr ed i th e well kno wn co rresp ondenc g a m e be t ween P aris and S t
. 1 . u n e .

Pe tersburg Bu t a t th e pr esen t p oin t th e g ame pr oceeded

. P— B3 ; Bt ( f cour se if
“
11 . 12 o

th e r e p ly Q B con fi nes W h i te s Q w h ic h mus t be ul tima t ely los t fo r t wo R o k i

— ’
12 QX R 12 . .
~
2 o s n

a p osi t ion favo r able fo r Black ) P X B ; 3 Kt— Kt5 3 Q B —K B4 ; 4 QK t— B3 + ,

12 . . 1 , 1 1 .

Col 6 — O Q t
. 1 . P x B ; 3 Q — K t5 3 P — Q 7 ; 4 QKtx P
r 12 4 R — K ,t q ; 5 Q Q3
12 —
5 1 ,
1 1 ,
1 s . 1 , 1

Kt t; 6 Kt t 6 B — Q4 wi th a s tr on g a ttack
1 ,
1 .

Col 6 — C ti d 5 Q—R 6 5 Kt—Kt5 ; 6 Q— R 4 6 P— B3 ; 7 P— QR 3 (if 7 K t

. 1 . 011 nue : 1
7 ,
1 1 ,
1 1 1 ,
1

Pt ; 8 K t— K6 8
Q K1 7 K t — Q 6; 8 K t 8
,
P t 1; 9Q
— B 6 (if 9 K t K6
-
1 . . 1 ,
1 1 1 -

—
,

1
9 E x P h ; K x B ! Q Q3
e . 20 c h ; K X B K t X B,; —
Q K6 h
20 20 ,
20 2! e . ,

21 K— R

5 2 . Col 17 7
.
, 7.P X—I f
Q P ; 8 0 0 ( r 8 P XP —Q B4
P , 8 B — K t5 ? — o ch ; 9 K — B sq .
, 9 8
K Kt— B 3 ; 9 K t>< P , 9 P xP ; 1 0 E xP , 1 0 B —K 2 g even ame .

53 . C 01 17 .
—7 P B 5?
— ; 8 Bt ,
8 P B
x ; 9 R — K sq 9 , P — B4; . 10 K t—Ks, 10 B — K3 ; 1 1 Q
K t >< P , 1 2 B—B z ; 1 3 Q xB P , 1 3 B t
. . .

R 5 eh .
,
11 P — K K t3 ; 12 ; 14 —
Q K5
Col . 17 .
—T h e p iece is los t any h o w fo r if 1 0 . . K—K2 ; 11 R t and wi ns .

55 . Col . 18 .
—T h e same line of p l ay as h e r e pro p sed may also be ado pted fo r 6 KKt— B3 o . . .

56 Col 18 —7 B —K t5 is of no u on accoun t f 8 Q—K s q c h f ol lowed by Kt— K5

se o A nd if
—B4 ;
. . . . .

—
. . . .

7 . . B 8 B x B , 8 Kt ; 9 Q K2 eh .
, 9 B —K2 ; 10 —
Q Kt5
1 26 P E T R O P F S DE FE N C E
’
.

K K t— B 3

Column 19 . Move 14 Q —
Q5 c h . Column 21 . Move to —
Q Q2 .

B LA CK . B LA CK .

W H I TE . W H I TE .
1 28 P E T R O FF S
’
DE F E N C E .

25 28
K t>< P B—B 4 ? 75
P 4 33
3K t X P
K t >< P ? K t— B 3
414 t 4 K t >< K t

B — B4 ch QP X K t
5B — K3 ? 5P — K B3
.

P— Q 4 ! 76

P xP B — K t3 B xB ch 0— 0 77
£ B —Q 3 BKt >< P BK >< E
.

68 BQ —
K2 78

Q —R
5 ch P— Q4 K t— R 4
7R — B s q
.

7P —B 3
l

. K— K 3 I) K— B2

P— Q4 0— 0 70 0— 0 Q —R
5 ch
B BB — K a
.

K -
Kt sq . K t— B 3 2 71 K Q
-
sq .

B — K t3 —KR s q ch P— Q B3 72 B- K3 79
9K— Q3 9Q K t
. .

K— R sq .
—
Q 2 P — Q4

P —Q B 4 —
Q K5 ch —
Q K t3 Ch
Q R —
Q sq
l UI 10
.

10
.

’
-
Q K t3 + 6 9 14 — 3 3 73 11 -
19 .

K t— B 3 P —
K5
11P— Q K t4 11K t— K 5
Q
Q4 — P —B 3
12P— Q R 3 -
l
12K t— K t4
K t— Q 2 + 7 4
13

Column 26
. Move 7 . Column 3 0 . Move 15 . . P— K B4 .

B LA CK . B LA CK .

W H I TE .
 PE T R O FF S
’
D E FE N C E . 1 29

Col 25 —.We pre e rf th is . c h r ecommended by some au th o r i ties fo r aft e r to

7 K — B sq 6 . .
Q K sq
— . .
, ,

7 B— Os; 8 P — Q4 followed by B— K t 3 and P— QB4 Black will h ave d i ffi cul t y t o g e t h is K in t

, ,
o

safe t y and h is Q is also no t well p laced

,
.

Col 5 — Wh i t e s su rp lus of th ee Paw s i divided on the two win g s and hi fi ve Pawns t th

. 2 .
’
r n s , s o ree on

th e Q ueen s side a r e weakened by th e double Pawn

’
.

Col . 26 .
—O r 8 Q— K z 8 K— B 3 ; 9 P — Q3 9 K t— B4 ; , , 10 —
Q B 3 ch .
, 10 K—K3 + .

Col . 27 — Black
eviden tly canno t ven t ure on 8 K tx P ; on accoun t of 9 Q — R 5 h foll owed acco d
. . . c .
, r

i gl y by Q — Q5 c h o r R — K s q
n . .

Col 7 — S tron g e r th an th e au th o r i ed QKt— B3 W hi t e s aim is ei the r t o d ive th e adve rse Kin g

2 z
’
r

back to th e las t r ow befo r e Black s K R can g e t in t o p lay o r else t o g e t a th ir d P which con ide ri g
. . .

’
, , , s n

th a t Wh i t e h as all h is Pawns on th e boa rd mus t become ve r y fo r midable in th e end , .

Col 7 — I f . 2 K— B q ;
. K t— Q fol lowed by P— K B 4 wi th a s tr on g a tt ack
I O . . s . 11 z , .

Col 7 —Con tinua tion 3 R —q (o r 3 P —B3 ; 4 P— KB4 4 K t— K3 ; 5 P — B5 5

. 2 . 1 . . . 1 . . 1 ,
1 1 ,
1

K t— B ; 6 K t— K4 wi th an excellen t a tt ack ); 4 P — B4 4 K t— K 3 ; 5 P — B 5 5 K t B s q (if

z I 1 ,
I 1 ,
1 -
.

15 K
. t — K t4 ; 6 .P — K R 4 and wins ); 6 K t— K 4 6 K — 1K t q ; 7 P — B 6 7 P x P ; 8 P X P 1 , 1 s . 1 ,
1 1

and wins .

C ol . 28 .
—The same p osi tion may a r ise by a tr ansp osi t ion of moves in th e KB o penin g af ter 1 P— K4,
1 P— K4 ; 2 B — B4, 2 KK t—B 3 ; 3 K K t— B 3 .

Col 8 —T h e only move t o main t ain th e P g ained and thou gh Whit e ob tains app ar en tl y a s tron g
. 2 .
,

a tt ack Black by bes t defence ou ght t o be able to g e t ou t wi th advan ta g e in p osi tion and ma t e rial .

Col 8 6 Kt >< P would be bad on accoun t of th e rej oinde r 6 Q— K Bu t of cour se if Bla k

. 2 .
-
. . z . c

r e p ly 6 Pt a t once W i te would win by 7 Q— R 5 c h

. . h .

Col 8 — Be tte r th an 6 P — Q3 ; 7 K t— R 4 7 Q— K ; 8 Q— R 5 h 8 K— Q q ; 9 P — B4 9
. 2 . . .
, z e .
, s .
,

K t— B 3 ; B — K 3 wi th a s tron g a tt ack 10 .

'

Col 8 — I f 9 Kt—K t6 9 Q— K q ; B— Q3 B — K and wins

. 2 .
, s . 10 ,
10 z .

Col 9 — Clearly nece sa r y as W hi t e thr ea t ens R xP

. 2 . s .

Col 9 —By th is move Black avoids all th e com plica tions u gg es ted in our nex t column and prep ar s
. 2 . s e

fo r th e s tr on g advance f P — Q4 wh ic h will g ive him th e su p erio r p osi tion a Wh i t e s KB will be

o s
’

r educed t o inac t ivi t y .

Col . Con tinued 6 P — K5 ; 7 K t— Kt5 7 Q— BQ4 ; 8 R — Q4 foll owed by Kt P I t

3 0 .
— : 1 . . 1 ,
1 1 .

i h oweve r no tewo rth y th a t Wh t e ins t ead of r e tr ea ti g th e Q g iven in ou r mai

s column might t i n n a

t em pt t o sac r i fi ce h e r and we believe th e r e is only one l ine of p lay t o save Black s g ame g 6
’
. e . . 1

PXP 6 P x Q ; 7 P x P dis
,
1 h and w it 7 Q 1— K 3; 8 P — Q 7 h 8 K — B ; 9 Kt . c .
, no 1 . . 1 e .
,
1 z 1

K t5 c h and wins O r if 7 Kt— K3 8 K t— K 5 8 E X P ; ! 9 Kt

. .
9 B — B 4 c h1; K . .
, 1 , 1 1 ,
1 20

R q Ks t ; R —
Q7 c h and
20 wins Bu t aft e r 21 — K ; 8 B X B (o r 8 P x B 8 2 1 1 1

K—
.
, . .
,

K t— Q4 ; 8 Kt — K3 ; 9 K t K t5 9 Q — B4 ; 1 . Kt t .
Q ; Black ou ght t o W i 1 -
, 1 20 ,
zo z n .
1 30
’
PE T R O FF S D E FE N C E .

P —K B3

9Q ~

Q3 9Q— B4 !
— Kz
Q

R —Q sq K t >< P
11Q— B
.

z 11B— Kg ,

K t >< P 84 Kt —
K t6
1zP _Q 4 12m .

”i Ea
Pch
-
.

131
11
3
35
sq . 86

152
55
1
? 158i
8

?
,
R K D
1682315
.q

IB 8 5 8,

Column 3 1 . Move 16 R —q . Column 34 Move

. 12 B— Q5 ch .

W H ITE .
1 3 2 .
’
P E T R O FF S DE FE N C E .

G ame 2 .
G ame 3 .

S ta un ton a n d War
m a id .

M A CKE N Z I E SCHIFFER S
H A MMO N D .
AN D

T S C H I GQ R I N .

A LA P I N
AN D

P E T R O FFS KY .

1UP— K R 3 2
B K3
11m
K B x BP
12K B — K t5
l B — K K ts
Kt t
18
QKt Q 2

13QK t— Q2 3
Q B x R P 4
5 14P —K B4 D
B— K t5 19
159 — 03 20
t ch K t— K 7 ch .

IB
.

5
R Sq
)( R P ch B X Kt
17
.

1K— K t sq
sq
.

Q R — K . 6
lfl K —K Q
g g3
19Q K t— Q 4 7
K t— K t5
20
13 4 -
35
R T K3 ! D 8
Zl R 9
P xB
2263
B— B 7
5 ?
ch
23K_ R s q
.

R X K t 8 W ins
.

24 — ‘
1

ia
'

29 and w ins
 P E T R O FF S ’
D E FE N C E . 1 33

P o tte r v . M as o n .

Game —8 B —K3 i th e usual move he re See con tinua tion in Col 6

1 . . . s . . 1 .

Game —W prefe r 1 .
~
P x P ; fo r aft e r
e B xP h K—R s q 10 Black would h ave th e be t
. . 11 e .
, 11 . s

of th e g ame as h e threa t ens P — KK t3 and will be able t o defend th e Q B P w h ic h ou ght t o g ive h im

th e su p e rio r i t y in th e end w h ile Wh i te s Kin g s side a tt ack pr esen t s dan g e r if well taken ca re of ’ ’
no .

Game —A e rro r of w h ic h th e o pp onen t takes advan t a g e in a ve r y in g enious manne r

1 . n .

Game — Sound and brillian t

1 . .

Game — I t w no t wise t o e ffec t th is exc h a g e fo r in ce rtain even t uali ties h e h ad th pros p ec t f

1 . as n e o

brin g in g this B t o K B4 o r Kt3 via R 4 and a t any r at e th e re ten tion of th is B would h ave m ade , ,

Wh i te s a tt ack mo re di ffi cul t
’
.

Game —A im po rtan t move fo r the a tt ack and one of grea t depth and insi ght in t o the g a me
1 . n .

Game Wh i t e s fi ne 8 th move h ad provided a g ains t any a tt em pt a t releas in g hims lf by 9 R

1 .
-
’
1 e 1 .

— K q a t th is j unc t u re fo r th en would follow

s .
,
R XR h Kt ; B
,
— R 7 h K — R 20 e .
,
20 21 e .
,
21

sq ;
. B 22 K t dis c h and ma -

k es in t wo mo r e m oves. . .

Game — A exceedin g ly beau tiful cou p w hich wins by fo rce

1 . n .

Game — I t was i rrelevan t wh a t h e did f h e could no t h ave saved th e g ame If fo r i s t ance

1 , or . n 20

. Kt ; 21 Pt ,
21 B x KP eh .
; 22 K— R sq .
,
22 Bt ; 23 Q xB ch .
,
23 K— R s
q ; . 24 Rx
Kt and wins Of cou r se if Et . R — Kt3 and wins ,
20 . . z 21 .

Game —Fo r if afte r 4 Q— K8 h ; 5 R —B q 5 Q xP

1 . 2 . . e . 2 s .
,
2 eh . ; 26 K— R s q Black mus t g ive
.

u p th e Q fo r K t and his g am e is th en h o p eless .

M ac k e n z ie v H am m o n d
. .

Game — T h is early exc h an g e of Pawns h as th e disadvan t ag e th a t i t g ives Black an o pen Q B fi le

2 .

and allows h is QK t t o occup y a be tte r p os t a t QB3 th an h e could o th erwise ob t ain Wh it e s Q E F .

’

is also weake r th an Black s QP ’

’
.

Game —QKt B3 was prefe r able

2 .
-
.

Game — A e rr o r th a t ex p oses h im t o th e loss of a P and t o

2 . n irresis tible attack an .

Game —M ve 3 B X P c h a t once was muc h s tr on g e r and would h ave won a P fo r if 3 K x B ;

2 . 0 1 .
,
1 . .

1 4 K t — K K t5 h 4 K — K t 3; 5Q x B 5 B
e x P c h
.
,
6 K —1q 6 P — K B 4 ; 7 Q—R 3 7 1 , 1 . 1 .
, 1 1 , 1

K t— Q ; 8 Q X B 2 8 R —R q ; 9 K t— R 3 and wins
1 ,
1 s . 1 .

Game —O f cou r se Black ou ght t o h ave r e trea ted h is B — Q

2 . 2 .

Game — E xcellen t p lay Wh i te h olds hi gr i p on Black s p osi t ion wi th firm h and

2 , . s
’
.

Game — Over lookin g the ve r y nea t fi nish bu t h is g ame was g one

2 , .

S c h ifi e rs an d T
'

s c h igo rin v . A l ap in an d P e tro ff s k y .

Game — T h e Whi te allies rely t oo muc h on the app ren t s tr e gth of the ir 4th move bu t as will be a n 1

seen th ei r calcula tions ar e ove rr eac hed by a furthe r dee p combina tion of thei r o pp onen t s
, .

Game 3 — T h e only co rrec t move If 5 B— B 5 B t ; 6 P x B 6 K t>< P ; 7 Q— Q q 7

. . 1 2, 1 1 , 1 1 s .
, 1

Kt and wins (Dufr esne ) .

Game 3 — 5 Q— Q ; 6 B — B 6 B X K t ; 7 P X B 7 K t>< P ; 8 Q—Q q d Black dar e

. 1 . . z 1 z, 1 1 ,
1 1 s .
, an

no t capt ur e ei th e r K t o r B (Dufr esne ) . .

Game 3 O f cour se if Q x
— . B th e r e p ly B — Q 5 wins T h e r es t is easy
‘

. .

{Contim l ed on p age 1 3 5}
1 34
’
P E T R O FF S D E FE N C E .

VV H I T E — P OTT ER . W H I T E— I MA C K E N Z I E .

GA M E N O . 3 . GA M E N O . 4 .

Move 14 . . P — K B4 . Move 26 . R — Q7 .

B LA CK — A LA P I N AN D P E T R O F FS KY . B LACK— L I C H T E N HE I N .

W H I TE—S C H I E R S AN D
FF T S C H I GO R I N W H I TE — M O RPH Y .
136 PE T R O F F S D E FE N C E
’
.

G ame 6 . G am e 7 . G ame 8 .

Lowent ha l .

'

z e z t u ng 1 8 60 MO R PH Y
(p a g gm
, .

"

l y in 8 a es
l
s im u l ta n eo u s
y
AN D E R SSE N b lin d f o l d
) A MA TE U R
K O LI S C H . POTI E R . K I E S E R I T Z KY .

B— B 4 K t >< P
3 K2 3R t >< P 3Kt >< P ?
K t— K B 3 QKt -
B3 Q — K2
4 xP h c . 52 4KK t— B3 64 4Q — K 2
K2
5 B— Q B 4 Px Q4 P 3
0— 0
60— 0 B — K2 —
g fig4
65
P —Q4 P 4
7B —Kt3 7P 7K t— Q 2
P— B “ 0— 0 K t— Q B3
a
P— B3 8QK t 2
BB P t
K t— B3 P — B4 Kt— Q5
Q Q
t5
lu
g P B5
B —K t3 53 B4

n
I — Kl ? 41 l 12
( RS } sq t 5 ns q
13 13
.

2
2
572
1 S

?
P -
QR 3 3 P xP t3
14 14 _ 14
“
5 t
R, 67
Q —
Q tx t lfi — Kt e 6 h
‘
2
5P x Q P dis c h
KR3 e a4
. .

P xB K B -
71
2

I BQ B_ K B4 16P X P 1: 6p 16R — K s q
P — KK t4 4 4 Game 5—00nt d
’
K tX K t 54 Game 6 —ConPd BXQ K R — K K t sq
t .

17K t— K 5 17P >< B 17Q — K S

.

B — K t3 QxR 17P >< K t

Kt t 2913 t K t— B 6c h 5 5 29R >< P BP xP P — K K t3
1H 18Q x Q B P c h
.

I BB t E XE K —K t 2 E XP ch 61 18P X P ch

30 aB
a sq K sq 7 2
. . .

K t— K S — K— R —B
Q xP Q ‘

Q3
19Q — Q S c h
.

19 19R — 19B — K t5
.

K t— Q4 R — K3 KR sq Q xBch
31B — 31K_ Q sq
. . .

P -
B4 B6 E — KR S "
R — K7 ‘
K— B2
ZllQ — R 5 ch ZOB — K3 Q K t8 c h ZUQ K t— Q 20 — B6 ch
.

M4 5 B— R 7 48 — 2 Q
32K X B 32K— B sq
. . .

K— R Z Q X K t P Ch B KS K— K
21B — K t D 7 3
fl

2
Z1Q R Zl K — Zl K —
. .

- —
Q sq .
Q —
Q3 c h . B sq . R -
B7 ch . 62 B sq . 2

Q -
K2 R xB
— Q — Bz Q — K8 ch K— Kt sq
34K R _ K 34K __B4 D 68
. .

L
B —Q B 4 —K K t >< P
Q 3 56
23K t— K t3 s q 23 23P )< K t 23R — K 7 c h
S
q
sq
,

Q R — KK t — K R
Q Q3 -

sq 35R— sq
. . .

K R —K 35Q— K 3 R — KB4 KR 5 E XP K— Q
24 24Q R
.

B— 4 Q B — B6 49 —
QB sq R— QB sq c h 24K t — K t3 69 24R — K B 7 dis ch
sq
, . . . .

K— K .

Q —B K — K tz P— Q K t4 ch 25 25Q—K 7 ma te
g
3
fl
Bz ~

37K >< P
. .

P —K R 4 37K t_ -
KK — t3 57
P — K K t4 4 7 Q — I 7
g7 D 26 —— 5 D
4
ch R B 58 R—QK t s q ch
38 3BK— R 6
. . .

K t R 7c h 5 9
Whi te mates in
.

K— K q 60 s
39and ma tes nex t 39 8 moves 63
.

— K Kt
Q 7
move ZBR t
.

.
 P E T R O FF S
’
D E FE N C E . 137

J u dd ,
S e l l m an n an d W are v. D e l m ar M o e hl e an d Grun y d .

Game 5 — N t a g ood move fo r th ey ob tain a p osi tion q ui te iden t ical wi th one a isin g in th e Frenc h
. o r

de f ence exce ptin g th a t th ey a r e a move be hi d n .

Game 5 — T he r ou tine p lay in th is o penin g bu t inadvisable in th e pr ese t si tua tion K t—K5 w far l n as
.
, ,

sup e r io r .

Game 5 W prefe r Q Q
.
- K t— efollowed by K t— K t3 and P—Q B 3 wi th th e ul tima t e obj ect f fi x in g
2 o

one of thei r p ieces a t Q4 .

Game 5 — Q uit e useless T hey h ad nou ght t o fea r from th e adve r se B and could h ave p layed
. 12

B — Q3
. w h e reu pon if 3 QB — KK t5 3 B t 4 BX B 1 4 K t >< P d obviously Wh i t e da , 1 1 , 1 an re

no t r e t ake on p ain of losin g th e Q by E xP h and if 5 B xP 5 R — K t q s till rem ainin g wi t h e .

,
1 , 1 s .
,

a P ah ead .

G ame 5
— A
. lso loss of time as W h i t e could no t well p lay K t— Q K ts wi th ou t subj ec ti g h imself t n o

th e fi x tu r e of th e adve r se K t i th e cen tr e a t Q4 n .

Game 5 — Al l con tr ar y t o ou r princip les as ex p lained in ou r in tr od uc tion

. .

Game 5 —R ath e r a bold advance w h ic h makes th e KtP a mar k of a tt ack from the hostile K B P
. .

Game 5 —Was te of t ime l l th e mo r e as P — K B4 was clea rly muc h s tr on g e r in w hic h c a

a 20 se

i f P—Kt5 P xP ; P xP P— B5+ fo r if 3 B xP 3 R x B ; 4 R x R 4 Q xP h
.
. .
,

21 ,
21 22 ,
22 , 2 ,
2 2 , 2 c .
,

and unless Wh i t e p layed P— Kt5 Black was bound t o ob t ain some advan t a g e by o p e i g th
21 n n e

KB fi le o r by Q— R 5 to foll ow .

Game 5 —Cle r1y if Kt— Kt6 Black a swe r s Q— B3 and Whi te dar e no t capt ur e th e R
. a n .

Game 5 — A illj ud g d coun te r a tt ack w h ic h ends in th ei r own d i mfi t

. n e Bett e r was 6 P sco ure . 2 . .

K K t3 fo r W hite could no t well advanc 7 P — Kt5 in reply on acco n t of Bla k exc h an gi g e 2 , u c n

Pawns f ollowed by Q— R s q ch o r Q— B 6 acco rdin g ly . . .

Game 5 — A excellen t r esour ce w h ic h no t alone r eleases Wh i e s g ame fr om th e pr e sur e of h o til

. n t
’
s s e

p ieces but tr ansfe r s th e a tt ack com p le tely in t o th eir w h ands o n .

Game 5 —A t las t th e B w h ic h h as b en threa tened t be t aken ff by R Q fo r th e las t tw move

. e o o or o s

i afely fi xed and Black s Ki g is acco r din g ly im pr isoned

’
s s n .

Game 5 — T h is h el p s th e o pp onen t s bu t th e r e was no h el p fo r th emselves If 3 6 Q— K 7 h ; 3 7

. . . . c .

R K t 3 7 Q x Q 3 8 R xQ 3 8 Kt —
-
2, Q4 39 R — R 3 39 K t 4 Pt ,
dis c h and ma t es nex t ,
0 . .

move .

Game 5 —A ve r y pr e tt y te rmina tion

. .

An d e rss e n v . K o l is c h .

Game 6 —Com p are our columns and

. 20 21 .

Game 6 — K t>< P would h ave been nsou d on accoun t

. 12 u n 12 . . Pt ; 13 E X P, 13 —
Q K3 ; 14 3
_Q3 ’ 14 E XP + '

Game 6 — N ecessa ry fo r if 7 E X P 7 K t t ; 8 B t
.
,
8 Q x B and w ins
1 , 1 1 ,
1 .

Game 6 — 8 K t would no t h ave been g o d on accoun t f 8 Q—R 5 ; 9 P x P l 9 E x P c h ;

. 1 o o 1 . . 1 , 1

R—B 3 e tc
—B
20 Q 2 , 20 ,
.

Game 6 — W hi t e could h a e won a t leas t one P by Q xB followed by Kt P dis h bu t on acco n t

, v . e .
, u

of the Bish op s f Opp osi te colo r th e g ame was likely t o end in a d r aw aft e r th a t
o .

G m 6
a A ve r y s t on g move
a .
-
r .

Game 6 —P r obably h is bes t If 6 K—K ; 7 Q— Kt7 7 R —K B q ; 8 B x P 8 B x B ; 9

. . 2 . . z 2 , 2 s . 2 ,
2 2

K t— K t8 h and wins e .
,
.

Game 6 —Ver y fi ne p lay

. .

Game 6 — O i cour se if R t White co ld win th e Q by R x P c h

. u .

Game —Bes t Perh ap s th e simp les t plan would h ave been Q—R 8 c h followed by R x R
. . .
 PE T R O FF S
’
D E FE N C E .

GA M E N O . 5 .

Move 3 8 Q —R 7 l . C l .

B LA CK — D E LM A R M O E H L E AN D
,
G R U ND Y .

W H I T E — J DD
U ,
S E LL M A N N WA RE . W H I T E — AN D E R SS E N .

GA M E N O . 8 .

Move 21 . . B —K t2 .

B LA CK— K I E S E R I T Z KY .

W H I TE — M O RPH Y .
W H I T E— AMA T E R U .

(Pl ayin g8g am e s b l ind f o l d )

 P H I L I DO R S
’
DE F E N CE .

Th e m o v e 2 . . P— Q 3 ,
i n t h e KKt o p en i n g i s al r eady not i ce d i n t h e Gott i n g en ,

M . S and by I tal i an aut h o ri t i es T h e defence th e reby i n i t i ate d i s n w known as

. . o

Ph il id o r s D efen c e bea r i n g i ts nam e afte r t h e gr eat F r enc h m aste r w h o fir s t g a v e i t an

’
,

ex t ens i v e analys i s Phil id o r c h i e fl y r ested h i s defence on t h e c oun t e r attack by 3

. P— K .

B4 i n r e p ly to 3 P — Q4 M o r e m ode r n r esea r c h es h a v e h owe v e r pr o v ed th i s mo v e

.
, ,

absol u t ely unsound Phil id o r p r obably base d h i s pr efe r ence of 2

. P— Q 3 on th e . .

i dea th a t th e Kn i ght o ught n o t to obst ru c t any P awn i n th ea rly p a r t of t h e g am e

»
e .

M ode r n ex p e r i ence h as p r o v e d q u i te t h e con tr a r y and bot h t h e KKt o p en i n g as well as , ,

the Q Kt o p en i n g a r e n o w r eco g n i ed as belon g i n g to t h e st r on g e s t i n i t i a t o r y mo v es fo r z

th e at t ack on th e secon d m o v e albe i t i n eac h case a P awn i s obst r u c ted by t h e de v l o p ,

e

m ent of th e r es p ect i v e K n i ght s .

In ou r o p i n i on no t alone t h e cont i nuat i on 4 ,

P— K B4 on w h i c h P hil id r c h i fl y . . o e

based h i s defence b u t t h e w h ole o p en i n g i s mo r e d i sad v an t a g eou s fo r t h e secon d p laye r

—
,

th an th e r e g ula r Q K t— B23 F
. o r th e atta k. h owe v e r we fi n d th a t afte
. r 3 P Q4 c , , ,

3 P X P ; th e cont i nua t i on 4 K t >< P i s m u h s tr on g r t h an 4 Q X P w h i c h used to be in c e ,

v a r i ably fa v o r e d by ol d m aste rs .

I n al l th e v a r i a t i ons a r i s i n g fr om t h e l ast named mo v e i t seem s t o us t h a t W h i te an -

,
c

only e q ual i e t h e g ame an d i f h e tri es t o fo r ce t h e attack h e e v en g e t s t h e wo rs t of it

z , , .

T h i s i s c h i e fl y du e t o th e c i r cu ms t ance t h a t h e h as t o exc h an ge a B fo r a K t v e ry ea r ly ,

and th e p owe r of t h e tw comb i ne d B i s h o p s i s q u i te st r on g enou gh to kee p a t l eas t th e

o

balance fo r Black O n t h e o th e r h and 4 K t >< P i s on pri nc i p le t h e natu r al mo v e fo r

.
, , , ,

i t fr ees W h i t e s K E P fo r an ul t i mate at t ack i n g ad v an e and W h i te s KKt i n t h e en t e r

’
c ,
’
c

canno t eas i ly be g t r i d of as i t ob v i ously weakens Bl ack s Q P to ad v ance P Q B4 I n

o ,
— j ’
.
"

ou r own pr act i ce we h a v e fa v o r ed 3 B—B4 fo r t h e atta k w h i h th e aut h o r i nt r odu ce d c ,

c

i n 8 65 i n th e D ubl i n Tou r nament ag a i ns t th e R

1 , G A M a D n n ll I t may pr o ev . . . c o e .

duce a slow g ame l i ke th e G i uoco P i ano bu t Bla k w i l l l abo r unde r t h e d i sad v an t ag e

, ,
c

of no t be i ng able to m ake g oo d use of e i t h e r of h i s B i s h o p s fo r h i s K B e v i dently ,

r ema i ns blocke d ; and as r e g a r ds th e Q B i t a pp ea r s t o us e q ually unfa v o r able fo r th ,

e

sec nd p laye r to attem pt i ts exc h an g e fo r t h e ad v e r se

o KK t b B — KKt s as to o pp os y ,
e

W h i te s K B at K 3 In t h e l atte r case Black w i ll be saddle d w i t h a b ad doubled P aw n

’
.

i n th e cent r e w h i h also h am p e r s h i s ad v an i n g h i s Q P as t h r by bot h h i s K i n g

,
c c ,
e e
’
s

P awns a r e left i sol ated i f W h i te does not ex h an g e P awns c .

T h e firs t tabl i s de v oted to th e atta k 3 B — B4 w h i h we h ol d to be a t leas t as

e c ,
c

g ood as 3 P— Q4 In Col we i ll ust r ate th m ode of pr ocedu r e ag a i ns t th e defence 3

. . 1 e

B— K
. an d we d i ff e r fr om au th o r i t i es w h o r ecom men d 4 P— Q4 O ur subst i tut i on
z, .

of 4 P— B 3 se ms to us pr ef r able on t h e gr oun d t h a t i t g i v es W h i te t h e o p t i on o f fo rm
e e

i n g a cen tr e by t h e ad v an e of P — Q4 o r else of su pp o rt i n g h i s l oose KP by P— Q 3

c ,
.

In th e n xt olumn we g i v e a v a r i at i on t h at i s l i kely t o be p l ayed fo r t h e defence

e c ,

t h ou gh we h a v e n t seen i t men t i oned an d t h e p oin t of th e l i ne of p lay i nd i ca t e d is

o ,

somew h at i nst r u t i v e fo r be g i nne r s i nasmu h as it s h ows th a t W h i te obta i ns mu h t h e

c ,
c c

su p e r i o r i ty th ou gh h e h as t o mo v e h i s K i n g ea r ly i n t h e g ame
, .

In Col 3 we pr esent som e m od i fi ca t i ons of t h e l i nes of p lay on eac h s i de w h i c h we r e

.

h i t h r to ons i de r ed t h e best an d th e s t eady so rt of de v elo p men t w h i c h we aft e r wa r d

e c ,
 P H I LI D O R S
'

D E FE N C E . 14 1

fa v o r fo r th e firs t p l aye r seems to us t o y i el d a slow bu t su re ad v an ta g e es p ec i ally und e r

, ,

th e c i r cums t ances th a t Black canno t g e t r i d of h i s double d cen t e r P awn .

In Col 4 we p r o p ose ou r amen dmen t on one o f th e es t abl i s h e d l i nes o f p lay on

.

W h i t e s s i xt h m o v e ; the com p l i ca t i ons an d th e t ac t i cal su rpri ses th a t a r i e from ou r

’
s

al t e r a t i on w i ll we bel i e v e a ff o r d g oo d i ns tr uc t i on fo r th e studen t
, , .

T h e nex t col um n s h ows i n w h a t m anne r t h e 6th m ve h ith rt r ecomm end d can be o e o e

m e t an d b y a m e r e al t e r a t i on o f Black s nex t r e p ly fo r w h i c h 6
,
’

Q — B 3 use d t o b e , . .

recommended w th i nk we p r o v e i n conj unc t i on w i th t h e s ubse q uen t demon s tr a t i on

,
e

th a t t h e v a r i at i on ou ght t o end i n fa v o r o f th e defence .

T h e m a i n p lay of th e l as t col um n o f th e T abl e i s al r eady g i v en by A ll g a i r an d we e ,

h a v e only su gg es t e d some sl i ght t ac t i cal i m p r o v emen t a t th e en d w h e r e a m a t i n g p os i

t i n is p o i n t ed ou t th a t h as h i th e r to b een o v e r l ooked
o .
.

I n C ols 7 an d 8 o f th e secon d T abl e we h a v e t o r e v e r se th e j u d g m en t t h a t seems

.

t o h a v e been acce p te d by m os t au th o r i t i es fo r w e a ppr o v e of 9 Kt X R w h i c h we b e , ,

l i e v e h as been condemne d on fallac i ous gr oun ds ; w h e r eas we d i sca r d 9 Kt X B w h i c h

, , ,

h i th e rt o was cons i de r e d best In Col 9 h owe v e r th e ad v an t ag e acc ru i n g t o W h i te by

. .
, ,

b es t p l ay on t h e o th e r s i de (t h ou gh no doub t th e b es t defence i s fa r fr om ob v i ous i n

m i no r v a r i a t i ons p o i n t e d ou t ) i s s sm al l th a t on accoun t of th i s v a ri at i on alone we
o

woul d r ecom mend th e m o v e 4 P—Q 3 i n pr efe r ence t o 4 P— Q4 as th e safe r cou r se .

In Col 1 0 p os i t i ons a r e e q u al i e d i n conse q uence of ou r pr o p os i t i on 6

. z Kt . .

— K t sq i n l i eu of 6 .
,
Kt— K h i th e rt o au th o r i ed
. . In fac t ow i n g t o th e fa r ad v ance d
2 z .
,

Q P we,
woul d v e r y sl i gh tly p r efe r Black s g am e fo r r easons i nd i cate d ’
i n ou r in tr d uc o

t i on Bu t th e d i ff e r ence i s so i m p e r ce pt i bl e i n th e pr esen t p os i t i on ow i n g t o th e u nde

.
,

v l p e d s t ate o f B lack s k i n g s s i de th a t we d i d no t feel j us t i fi e d i n m a rk i n g th e p os i t i on

’ ’
. e o ,

n o t ably i n fa v o r of th e defence .

C ol 1 1 i s g i v en as an exam p le of a feas i ble l i ne of p lay t h a t m i ght be ado p te d f r

. o

th e defence by i nex p e r i ence d p laye r s an d i t i s s h own h ow t o t ake ad v anta ge of Bl ack s ,

’

d efect i v e t act i cs i n a p eedy m anne r S .

we q u i te a gr ee w i th th e concl us i ons of th e au t h o r i t i es th a t th e i n i t i ato ry

F

In Col . 1 2

m o v e of th e v a r i a t i on ou ght t o en d i n W h i t e s fa v o r bu t we i n tr oduce some v a r i e t i es i n

’

th e demons tr a ti ons w h i c h l ead t o v e ry i n t e r es t i n g com p l i ca t i ons .

T abl e I I I p n ts th ol d a tt ack by 3 P— Q4 and 4 Q X P T h e l i ne of p l ay ado pt e d

rese e .

by H a w it a g a i ns t M o rph y on th e 7 th m o v e i s th e key t o th e defence an d we s h ow i n

rr z ,

C ol .
3 t h a t 1 Bl ack ob ta i ns an ad v anta g e i n p os i t i on i f W h i te p u r sue th e p lan of x h an g e c

i n g K n i ght s an d Q ueens .

Col 1 4 i s an i n g en i o us i dea o f H e rr H am p p th e aut h o r of th e V i enn a o p en i n g

. e, .

I t h as no t been no t i ce d i n th e b ooks ye t bu t i t i s ne v e r t h eless st r on g fo r t h e defence

, , ,
so

a tso be i n i t sel f an unden i abl e answe r t o th e ol d a tt ack by 7 Q B — K ts .

In Col 5 we p r efe r th e r et r ea t of 8 B — K3 i n acco r dance w i t h one of ou r m ax i ms

. 1

l a i d dow n i n ou r i n tr oduc t i on namely th a t th e B s h oul d i f p oss i ble be p oste d i n th e

, , , ,

cent r e and kee p om m an d o f b o th w i n g s an d we th i nk th e p os i t i on a r i s i n g fr om ou r

c ,

su gg es t i on s h ows gr eate r ad v an t ag e on i ts su r face fo r W h i t e th an th e v a r i at i ons s pri n g i n g

fr om 8 B—R 4 w h i c h use d t o b e th e fas h i on t wenty yea r s a g o
,
.

In Col 6 we not i ce th e defence 4

. 1 B— K 3 an d a g a i n we base ne w dem ons tr a. .
,

t i ons on th e r ese rv e d attack 8 B— K3 i n pr efe r ence t o th e ol d book mo v e 8 B— R 4 an d ,

w e bel i e v e th e l o g i cal se q uence w i l l s h ow t h a t th e B comes i n m o r e h an dy fo r t h e attack

a t th e p os t w e sel ect .

Col 7 i s a v a r i at i on w h i h i n ou r o p i n i on leads t o an e v en g ame th ugfi fi

. 1 c ,

h as th e ad v antag e of h i s t wo B i s h o p s th a t m mos t l i nes of p lay n th i s o p en n g griz

fi , ,
o

és th
i
'

l i

defence th e p r efe r able p os i t i on T h e p o i n t i s th a t W h i t e h a v i n g a g a i n p os t e d h i s Q B e

.
,
 1 42 P H I LI D O R S
’
D E FE N C E .

K3 i nstead of K— Kt 5 does no t a ffo r d o pp o r tun i t i es fo r t h e defence to g a i n t i m by

, e

w i t h d r aw i n g h i s K t an d o ff e r i n g an exc h an g e .

Col 1 8 tr ea t s an a tt ack t h a t some t i mes h as been fa v o r ed by ol d mas t e r s l i ke Lowen

.
o

t h al fo r i nstance b u t h as been somew h a t u nde rr a t e d i n th e o ry fo r we cons i de r i t any

, , , ,

h ow st ron g e r th an t h e ol d l i ne of p l ay 4 Q X P Th e column i s q uote d from th e L i p

, ,
.

sc h u t ed i t i on of Gos s zp s M an ual ’
'

z .

O n T abl e IV t h e same i n i t i a t o ry l i ne of p l ay i s fu r t h e r t es t ed a g a i ns t th e answe r .

4 . KK
. t — B 3 w i t h a s i m i la r r esul t i n fa v o r of t h e firs t p laye r w h o th ou gh h e doe s
, , ,

n o t g a i n any m a t e r i al man i fes t ly ob t a i ns th e su p e r i o r p os i t i on

, .

Col 2 0 deal s w i th th e famous coun te r a tt ack w h i c h M o rph y ado p ted a g a i ns t v a r i ous

.

p l aye r s and p roduced i n h i s p rac t i ce some of th e fi nes t s p ec i mens of b r i ll i ancy S om e .

w i l l be foun d i n ou r g am e de p a rt men t of th i s o p en i n g bu t th ou gh th e i n i t i ato ry 3 P , . .

—KB4 i s al most unan i mously con demned i n mode r n analys i s o p i n i ons d i ff e r as r e g a r ds

t h e l i ne of p l ay t o b e ado pt e d fo r t h e a tt ack We g i v e i n Col 20 t h e one th a t h as been . .

h el d th e st r on g es t by v a r i ous aut h o rs b u t i n tr odu c e some mod i fi ca t i ons on Wh i te s 1 1 th

,
’

m o v e w h i c h we th i nk l ead s t o a q u i cke r and mo r e p oten t r esul t fo r W h i t e

‘

Ye t we canno t h el p s h ow i n g ou r m i s g i v i n g about th e e ffi c i ency of th e w h ole l i ne o f

a t tack commence d by W h i te w i t h 4 Q Kt— B3 fo r we t h i nk th a t an a pp a r en t ly sl i ght al ,

te ratio n i n t h e o r de r of m o v es as h i th e rt o g i v en pr oduces an e v en g am e fo r t h e d fence e .

F o r th at r eason we al t og e th e r g i v e prefe r ence i n Col 2 2 t o 4 P X Q P fo r t h e a tt ack .

, , ,

an d t h i s l i ne o f p lay m i ght also b e a v a i l able fo r th e firs t p l aye r i n t h e counte r g amb i t on

t h e second mo v e a r i s i n g fr om 1 P— K4 1 P— K4 ; 2 KKt— B3 z P — K B4 ; 3 P X P 3 P , , ,

— Q 3 ; 4 P— Q4 4 P— K 5 w h i c h by t r ans p os i t i on of mo v es s h ows t h e same s i tuat i on

, , , ,

as i n Col 2 T h e nex t col umn g i v es a s i m i la r r esul t i n W h i te s fa v o r a g a i ns t t h e m os t

. 2 .
’

feas i ble al te r a t i on of th e defence .

I n Col 2 4 we t u r n i n t o l i nes of p l ay a ri s i n g from two mo r e mo v es t h at ac t ually o c

.

cu rr e d in M o rph y s p lay and th ou gh no doub t it i s pr efe r able t o ado pt th e a t tack g iv e n

’
,

i n ou r Col 2 2 on t h e 4 th mo v e we bel i e v e th at e v en a t t h a t stage on t h e 6th m o v e w e

.
,

can pr o v e th ad v anta g e fo r t h e fir s t p l aye r i n conse q uence of a mod i fi cat i on of th e at

e

t a c k w i t h 6 Q Kt— B3 O t h e r cont i n uat i ons o f t h i s fo r m of o p en i n g w i l l be found i n

.

t h e Il l ust r at i v e Games .

T abl e V deals w i t h con t i nuat i ons fo r th e defence w i t h th e r esul t th a t by bes t p lay

W h i t e ob t a i ns th e su p e r i o ri ty b u t any i nd i ff e r en t mo v e i n th e a t tack enables Black to g e t
,

an e v en g ame Bu t notewo rth y i s Col 2 9 i n w h i c h Bl ack h as an o pp o rt un i ty of g a i n i n g

. .

a P on th e 6th m o v e an d h i s se i i n g th a t ad v antag e seems v e ry feas i ble

,
z Ye t th e de .

fence i s t h e r eby i n v ol v ed i nto gr ea t d i ff cul t i es w h i c h h owe v e r r e q u i r e som e n ce ties of

i , ,
i

p lay on W h i te s p a rt i n o r de r t o ob t a i n the su p e ri o r i ty fo r h i s s i de
’
.
1 44 P H I LI D O R S
‘
DE FE N C E .

P — Q4
P xQP

K t— K t5
K K t— R 3

K t >< P O -
O >

BQ — K2 9 BKt -
B3 12

Q —R
5 ch P >< P 13
K— 2 Q
7B )( P
Q B — KKt
5 R —K sq ch
BK — Qz
.

8Q >< P c h
.

K Q 2 B — K6 ch
n
- .

9Q —K t
5 10 B

w
— K té Kt
Q
Kt 10
0 —R
y
B— Os
11P —B
3 11

P— KR 3 + I)
12

Column 4 Move
. 12 P—K R 3 . Column 6 Move . 1 5 K t >< P ch .

B LA CK . B LA CK .

“
WH I TE . W H I TE .
 P H I LI D O R S
’
D E FE N C E . 1 45

Col —W conside r th is qui t e as g ood a t leas t as 3 P—Q4

. 1 . e , .

Col . A move favo r ed by H

— 1 . w it arr z .

Col — W h i t e h as a p osi tion simila r t o one arisin g in th e Giuoco Piano wi th th e advan tag e that
1
Black s KB is con fi ned and is likely t o remain S hould Black now exc h an g e B a g ains t K t Whi te
. . ,
’
50

ollowed soon by KK t Q — K K —Kt and l —K b 4 as occu rred be twee

.

r e t akes wi th th e Q f
,

P — 2,
’ ‘

3 z n
th e au th o r and M M D l l i Dublin S h ould h oweve r Black now answe r 8 B —R 4 th n
, , ,

r ac
Wh i te would advance P— K Kt4 followed by Q— K wi th the sup e rio r g ame
.
o nn e n e
.
, , . .

,
2, .

Col . 2 .
—I f 6 . . P —K R 3 ; 7 P x P + .

Col 3 — O 3 B — K t5 ; 4 P—K R 3 ; because h e ou ght no t t o wai t un til Black may p lay Q—B3 d
r an
th en double th e K BP followed by K t— K and Kt— K t3 th e weak p oin t a t Wh i te s K B4 and th e
. . . .
,
’
z
la tte r s doubled Pawn a t leas t balances h is t wo Bish op s i such a p osi t ion
, ,
’
n .

Col 3 —I f 8 K— K 9 K tX KP 9 Q X Kt
. . .
P —
Q X + (Ge r man H d b / ) . 2 ,
10 . an uc z .

Col 3 Black is h am p e red by h is doubled Pawn and the con t inua t ion mi ght be
-
K t— B 3 ( f 1 1 o
cou rse Black dar e no t capt re th e Pawn twice on accoun t of th e ul t imat e Q —R 4 c h
. .
, .

P — B3 u 12 12
— — followed by and — Wh i t e will ul ti ma tely
.
,

—
B B4 3 K t—
Q 3 0 0 4Q B 1 K t— K t3 B Q 2, 1 4
1 2, z

h ave th e o pt ion of o p enin g th e g ame aft e r th e pre p a r a t ions ei th e r by P — K B4 o r P — Q4 o r else by

.

advancin g th e QR P o r h e may p lay th e wai tin g g ame and r ely on th e be tte r p osi tion of h is Pawns
, ,

fo r th e endin g
,

CO1 T h e sim ples t and su r es t p lan of con t inuin g th e a tt ack is we believe 4 P — Q3 w h ic h g ive a
4
— s
p osi t ion Si mila r t o the K in g s Gambi t declined wi th a move a h ead fo r Wh i t e and Black s KB s h u t i
. .
,
’ ’
, n .

Col 4 —I f 6 Q— R 5 ; 7 l i t— Kt5 7 P X P ! (o r 7 K t— B 3 ? 8 P— QKt3 8 Q — K t5 9 B— K z

and wins ); 8 Q X P + T h e Ge rman —H ab k g ives th e followin g variations If 6 R t ; 7
. . . .
, . .
, ,

an ac :
— (s h ould th e Q move t o B3 White
. . .

—R K — 8 K R K —
Q 5 h 7 Q ; Q t
e6 8 R q ; 9 B t 9 Q 2 s 2
would ex han g e Q ueens and Bish o p s followed by P X P wi th a P a head ); Q xB P h
.
,
.
, ,

K— Q q ; 10 e .
, 10 s .

— K Kt , B xQ ; B xQ ch E xB ;
11 Q B 5 11 12 .
,
12 13

Col 4
—A ft e r 9 B —Kz ; 10 R — K sq 10 E xB eh ; 11 Q xB, Q xR h ( 11 c or —
Q K t5
12
13 B — and ma tes nex t move );
.

also wins wi th ease

.
. . .
, . . .

1 3 Q — K t6, V
.

K t5 eh .
,
12 KXQ ,
12 R X Kt V hl te .

Col .
4 —Or 4 . . . P— B5 12 R —K sq .
,
12 P— B3 ; 13 Q — K8 eh .
, 13 K— B z 1 4 Q o r B —
Q ma t e
8 .

Col shown in th e Ge rman H db a Wh i t e wins if 6 QB3 by 7 P x P 7 B xP ; 8 R — K

5
— As an uc
sq 8 K—Q ; 9 B — K 6 h — or P xB ;
,
. . .

h e 9 B x B ; K t K t B3 ; z Bt Q e 10 10 11 1 1 12
— K t4 e t c
.
. .
, , , ,

Q ; , .

Col 5 —N w th e resourc 7 Kt>< P does no t answe r as well on accoun t of 7 Q— R 5 ; 8 P— KK t3

o e
o
. .
, . .

( r 8 li t— K t5 8 K K t— K t5; 9 K K t — B 3 9 Q
— R 4) 8 Q — K ts; 9 B — K —
9 Q Kt3 ; K tx z 10
B K t ; and we prefe r Black s g ame
.
, , , .
,
’
,
10 .

Col 6 —O P — B4 ; P xP p r 10 K >< ;P 2 K t— B 3
—
Q Q3 ( o r B — Q3 ; 3 B 11 e 11 1 12 12 1
— ma es
. .
. . . .
, , . .

K t5 h K K — K t — K
3 P x
c B ; 4 Q x Q. tP
, 1 h 4 B ; 5 t Q 5 ); 3 B t5
1 h 3 P x B Z; 4 Q xQ e 1 2 1 1 e 1 1
and wins Ge man
.
, .
,

K tP h 4 K — B
e ; 5 B — K .
,t6
1 h 5 Q X B ; 6 K t—
Q 5 h z — r H db /
1 e .
,
1 1 e .
, . an uc z .

Col 6 —I f K X B ; 3 Q xP h 3 K
12 — K t4; 4 P —
Q 4R h 4 K — K t —
3 ; 5 Q Q4 h 1
5P e 1 1 e 1 1 e 1
‘

— B4 ; 6 Q X P ma t es Ge r man H aé fi
. .
. . . .
, , .
,
’
1 . an uc .

Col 6 — O 3 Q —B3 ; 4 R —K t s q h 4 K moves ; 5 Q x B P wi th o r wi th ou t h and

1 1 e 1 1

Wi ns
. . r . . .
, e .
,

Col 6 — I f 4 K— R 4 ; 5 Q— Q4 5 Q B3 o r Q3 ; 6K t— K t3 h 6 K K 5 (if 6 K— R 5 ;
’

1 1 1 — 1 e 1 -
t 1
double and ma es nex move ei e by Q R 4 o r P R 4 ); 7 P R 3 h
.
. . . .
, , .

—
.

17 x E P h t t th r e 7 K >< P ; 8
— 1 e 1 1
R —Q R s q h 8 K —Kt4 ; 9 P — B 3 ma t e
.
, ,
.

. e .
,
1 1 .

Col 6 —Wh i te wins wi th ease fo r if 5 K— K t3 (o r 5 K X B ; 6 R —Kt4 h 6 K X R ; 7 1 1 1 e 1 1

— ma e if —
. .
, .
,
. . . .

Q —B h K —R ; 8 K t B t ); 6 Q Q4— h 6 K — R 4 ( 6 K K f K t— B5 1
3 7 5 e 5 1 ; 7 1 1 e 1 z 1
dis
.
,
.
, . .

eh 7 K R ; 18 K t P h— 8 K t ; 9 E xz P h 9 K —1 R 4 ;! Q — K t4 h K — Kt e 1 1 e 1 20 e 20
dis 3 ; 3 Q R 3 ma t e );
.
,
. .
,
.
, .
,

3; B —
21B 6 h K — R ; Q — B 5 h K — R — e 7 E xP 21 7 PxB ; z 22 e 22 2 1 1
8 Q —Kt4 h — — —
.
,

R 3 ma t e
. .
, ,

1 8 K— R 3 ; 1 9 Q xP h -

9
e K R ; .
Q,
B s h 1 K R 3; 1 Q — e .
, 1 z 20 e .
, 20 2 .
1 46 P H I LI D O R S
’
DE FE N C E .

4P >< K P
K t >< P
51 — 04
3

Q —R
5 h c
BP K K t3- ~

Kt >< P
7KKt —B 3
—
Q K 5 ch
B— K 2

Kt 19 Kt ?
n B gQK t —
Q 2

Kt— B 3 ! 20 Q K t3

Q K K t5 B —K t3
11B 11K R — K t s q
.

—K 3 21 .

0— 0 Q xP
l — QZ 22
12R >< P
P ~

Qs D B — K3
13B x P 13K t— Kt5 D
24
R Q sq + 23
14
.

Col umn 7 Move

. 13 P —Q 5. Column 8 . M ove 13 . K t— K t5

B L ACK . B LAC K .

WH I TE . W H I TE .
1 48 P H I LI D O R S
’
D E FE N C E .

13
QxP ?
4Q K t —B3 !
K B — QK ts
SE — Q z

Bt
Be xe
B—K t5
I ii— K 7P
I

K t— B 3 ! 3 6 2 3 9 —
B 3 ?
Bt Qt P 40 B —K 3

QXQ QXR D K t— B 3
gP >( Q BB x Q BK t— K t3
K t— B 3 3 7 BXQ O —O
l l] l lJK B x Q K tP 1U Q — Q2
.

P —B4 ~

P >< P B >< P P—
QK t4 +
11K R —K K t 11
s q K— Q
. z
11
K— B sq B— R 4
120 1ZB X R
.

-
0 0+
-
38

B — B3
13B x B
Kt
14R — K s q .

K t— Q z

Column 14 . Move 9 Q X R . Column 1 6

. Move 16 —
Q B7 ch .

B LA CK . B LA CK

W H I TE . W H I TE .
 P H I LI DO R S ’
DE FE N C E . 14
9

Col 3 — Played by H wit a g ains t Mo rph y and we believe q uite sound Th e g ame refe r ed t
; 1 . arr z ,
; r o

proceeded 8 K t—B3 8 B —K a; 9 0 —0 —0 9 0 —0 ; K R —K q P KR 3 ; B —R 4 ,
Kt ,
10 s .
,
10 - 1 1 , 11

K q ;
-
E xB Qx ; 3
Bs P — K B
. K
5 3 K ; 4 x
t P
12 B 4 Q — K t4 h ; 5 K— ,Kt q 5 P xP ;
12 1 , 1 1 ,
1 c . 1 s .
, 1

16 R X P, 16 —
Q K t7 .

Col . 13 .
—I f 10 Q K t—Q2 , 10 K R — K K t sq ; . 11 0— 0 (o r 11 KK t—R 4 P, —K t5 ; 1 2 P—KKt3
11 R ,

12 B >< P ; 12 P— K B3 , 12 B 1 1 . . B— R 3 ; 12 R —K sq .
, 12 0 —0—0 ; 1 3 P —KK t3 (Black
th ea t ens
r
P — K B4 ,
and if P xP th en K B X Q K t, .
Q R — K sq .
, and we prefe r Black s ’

g ame .

Col .Black will r ecove r h is P wi th th e be tte r g ame He threa tens now B t

13 .
— . followed by R
K t4 ; o r else B —K f followed afte r exc h an g in g th e Q K t by B — K 5
12 . . z .

Col Th is in g eniou varia t ion was inven ted and g ene r ally ado pted fo r th e defence by Herr
. 14 .
— s

H m m p p of Vienna
a I t g oes t o sh ow th a t th e old a tt ack by 4 Q x P is no t an e ff ec t ive ; f
e . o ne or

no mo r e th an an even g ame can be ex p ec ted t o r esul t a t th e end of th e main va ria tion in w hic h we b e

lieve all th e moves on eac h side a re fo rced afte r Q t P In fac t as we pro p ose t o s how Wh i t .
, e

h as th e mo r e di ff i cul t g ame of the t wo and h t o p lay mos t c r efully in o r de r t o e qual i e ma tte r s ,

as a z .

Col 4 — 8 B x B 8 Q X B ; 9 Q t P 9 Q —B3 ; Q X Q Kt
. 1 .
,
E ven g ame ,
10 ,
10 . .

Col 4 —Black h as now th e attack w h ic h may be neu tr ali ed t o th e ex t en t of a d raw bu t only by

. 1 . z
,

bes t play on th e p a rt of W h i te T h e g ame ght proce d 6 P B3 6 P — Q4 ; 7 K— B 7 B . a u e : 1 -

,
1 1 2, 1

P xP ; 8 P xP 8 P >< P ; 9 K t B 4 9 K t— B3
1 ,
If h oweve r 7 0— 0 7 BP x P ; 8 P x P 8 P
1 1 -
,
1 .
, ,
1 ,
1 1 ,
1

P
x ; 9 R — B 7 h 1 ? (o r 9 K t B 4 9 K — K 3; and
c w sli.ght ly pr efe r Black1) 9 K — —
Q3 ; Kt ,
1 e , 1 . . 20
—K ! R —K ; 2 ,
R —B 8 20 K t —R 3 and a g ain we th ink Black h as th e be tt e r g ame on acco n t
2 21 ,
21 u

of th e p assed Pawn in th e cen tr e w h ic h can be well su pp o rted and also owin g t o th e weakness f
'

Wh i te s QR P w h ic h Black thr eatens to approac h wi th h is Kin g

’
.

Col . ole is w c reat ed in Black s cen tr e We h ave al ready ex pl ined in ou r ch apte r

15 — “
A h .
” no
’
. a on

th e princip les of p lay th a t th is is a gr ea t sour ce f weakness o .

Col 5 — W prefe r th is on pri nci p le as th e B is kept in communica tion wi th bo th win g s and is l es

. 1 e s

liable t o a tt ack at a f u t u r e s ta g e N one of th e advan t a g es th a t W h i te can de r ive from h is p osi tion .

a re i any way h inde red by p lacin g th e B a t K3 and eviden tly Whit e h as mo re o pt ion of wi th d raw
n ,

in g i t t o B 4 o r Q acco rdin g ly o r allowin g i t t o be exch an g ed if necessar y

2 .

Col 5 . K t—Q 5
1 Bt ; P x B is also favo r able fo r th e a tt ack and W h i t e by pr o pe r p lay
-
11 ,
1 1 12 ,

ou ght t o be able t o pr ese rve h is K t f rom bein g exc h an g ed and th en t o p lan t i t ul tima tely by way f , o

Q4 t o K 6 o r ob t ain some o th e r advan t a g e .

Col 6 ; A g ain muc h be tte r th an 8 B R 4 th e move usually r ecommended he re A will be seen

. 1 .
-
, . s ,

th e B comes in ve r y h andy fo r th e a tt ack from h is mo r e na t u r al p os t .

Col 6 — O
-
.
Q —
1 K o r —
. B ; K t— B 6
r 1 1 P t ;.
3 Q x P 3.K — K t s q bes t ; 42B >< P 2 12 , 12 1 ,
1 . 1

h e 4 K X ; 5 Q
B
.
,
— 1R 6 h 5 K K t q ; 6 B — B 6 and ma t es nex t move
1 e .
,
1 — s . 1 ,
.

Col 6 —Mi ght be con tinued 6 K—R 3 ; 7 P — QK t4 7 Q Q ; 8 P— K t5 h 8 Q x P ; 9

. 1 . 1 . . 1 ,
1 -
2 1 e .
,
1 1

Q X R and wins , .

Col . 1 7
—If
5 P
.
—K ,
5 5
—
Q Kz l ; 6 B — K 3 , 6 K t— K t5 ; 7 P x P , 7 QXP . E ven g ame .

Col 8 —W no t alone concu r wi th L w th l Op inion th a t th is is a g ood move bu t we feel su r

. 1 . e o en a
’
s , e

i t is mu h s tron g e r th an 4 Q xP w hic h used t o be favo red by th e bes t mas ter s of old

c ,
.

Col 8 — Th is m ove whic h is muc h s tr on g e r th an

. 1 . B—K 5 is su gg es t ed i th e A pp endix t o
,
10 . .
, n

by M r Black s bes t answe r is — 0 and t o abandon th e Pawn as

’
M L’
i h 0
'

G possz l p s iit anua sc z

R — Q s q g iv s Whi t e a fi
. .
, ,

eviden t ly if P — QB 3 ; 10 . a tt ack . 11 . e ne .
1 50 P H I LI D O R S
’
DE FE N C E .

3P— K B4 ?
Q K t —B3 P xBP
4B P X P 4P >( Q P ! 4P— K5

— K2
Q K tX P QXP Q
P— Q4 ? 5Q K t— B3 55 5Q — K 2
KK tx P K B — Q K t5 KK t— Q 2
61 t ) BP >< P BQ K t -
Q B3
Q —R
5 c h K tx P ‘

r
P —
Q5
I Kt —Q 5
.

P —K t3 K t— B3

K t>< P B — K t5 —
Q B4
KK t— B 3 5 2 B — K2 8Q —K4

5 ch
—
Q K O— O K t— R 3
BO — O 9
.

K— B 2 KK t K B 3
-

B — B4 eh K B xQKt P— QB3
10
K —K t2 1UP X B 1UQ K t P

K t— R 4 D 53 Bt Q x BP
11B — Q3 l lp _
.
56 11P —Q R 3
Q — Kt
5 ch QK t -
B4
12K— B s q 1t XP

Q —R6 ch QX B ch
13K — K sq 13R >< Q
K t— K t6 Kt
14P >< K t 14P >< K t
Qc h +54 K t>< P +
15 15

Column 20 . Move 1 1 K t— R 4 . Column 24 . Move 13 KR —K sq .

B LA CK . B LA CK .

W H I TE .
1 52
’
P H I LI D O R S DE FE N C E .

C ol . 28 . Move 7 . .
—
Q Kt sq . Col . 2
9 . Move 12 Q K t— B 3 .

B LA CK . B L A CK
'

W H ITE . W H I TE .
 P H I LI D O R S
’
D E FE N C E . 1 53

Col 5 —W g ive va riat ion as a s pecimen O f a si mple a tt ack in th e o penin g in w h ic h afte r th e

. 2 . e o ur

exch an g e f Q ueens th fir s t p laye r obt ains th e advan t a g e wi th h is t wo Bish o p s and th e be tte r devel
o e

o
p m t T h e
enf ollowin g main . con t inua t io n is fr om th e l l d b / 5Q X B 5 P X P ; 6 B — Q B4 6 an uc z
,
.

— D ! if 6 KK — — K wins a p awn — K — K K — 8
Q 3 ( t B 3 7 Q Q
; t3 .
) 7Q Q 3 7
; . t P Q 3 t ; 8 t B 3 P , ,

B3 ; 9 0 — 0 9 B — Q3 ; K t— K t5 K Kt— R 3 (if
, Pt ; B — Q 5); 10B — K t5 Q , 10 10 . . 1 1 1 1 ,
11

K t3 ; Kt h 12
Qt ; 3Q R — Q q 3 Q— B ; 4
e R — Q8 c h and wins
.
, 12 1 s .
,
1 2 1 . .

Col 5 Wh i te will g ain a r ap id develop men t by B— K t5 c h followed by 0—0 — 0 and then ac

. 2 .
-
.

cord i gl y K t— K t5 o r — Q 5 o r K B — R 3 o r —Q B4
n .

Col 6 — 5 P— QB4 is dan g e rous as Wh i te ob t ains a s tron g a tt ack by 6 P— QB 3 6 P >< P ; 7 Ktx

. 2 . .
,

P followed mostly by Q— K t3 .

Col 6 — Wh i te would only lose t ime by delayin g th e r ecapt ur e If fo r ins t ance h e le t s th e Pawn
. 2 . .

st and un til afte r Black h as p layed R Kt— B3 th e second p laye r mi ght well defend i t by P—Q B4 f l o

lowed by 0— 0 .

Col 7 — S tr on g e r than B — Q3 whic h would g ive Black exc h an g in g o pti n lat e r on by K t—K4 o r
. 2 . o

cause loss of t ime I t also prep ar es O —O —O w h ile Black evid en tly can only castle on th e Opposi t e
.

d and as W h i t e s Pawns can easily be mobilised fo r th e a tt ack on th e Kin g s side i t is t o W h i t e s

’ ’ ’
Sl e

advan t a g e t o clea r a t once th e Q ueen s side w he r e h is Kin g will be be tte r p laced ’

.

Col 7 —Wh i t e will con t inue th e a tt ack wi th P— K Kt4 followed by B — K and th en acco rdi g ly h e
. 2 . 2, n

may proceed wi th th e advance of th e K R P o r th e develo p men t by K t K f avoidin g th e exc h an g e — z

of mino r p ieces as Black s g ame is h am p e r ed by h is own p ieces and exch an g es would be a relief t o him
’
.

Col 8 —I a g ame be t ween Seno r Golmayo (Wh it e ) and th e au th o r th e same p osi tion arose in a
. 2 . n ,

R uy Lo p e by a trans p osi tion of moves z .

Col 8 — A voidin g th e h ole a t K 3 w h ic h was left by th e in f er io r move 7 P K B 3 ado pted by th e

. 2 .
-

au th o r in th e above named g ame .

Col 9 — A no th e r no t uncommon def ence is h er e 3 QKt— Q w h ich h oweve r we believe to be dis

. 2 . . z

advan t a g eous Wh i t e should proceed wi th 4 QK t— B 3 4 P —QB3 ; 5 B— K ! wi th th e su p e rio r

.
,
2

g ame .

Col 9 — VV do no t recommend th is move and prefe r Q K t— B3 \V h oweve r g ive th e variation

. 2 . e . e

sprin g in g from th e move in th e tex t as i t com prises in te restin g com plica tions
'

Col 9 — Con tinued

. 2 0 — 0 ; 3 P— B 5
. P
3 X ; 4P K t —
Q5 4 Q Q q ; 5 R X B 5 P X R ; . 1 ,
1 1 ~ -
,
1 s . 1 , 1

16 Kt P+ .

Col 3 —O 7 P K B3 7 P Q4 ; 8 P — K 5 8 QK t— Q ; 9 Q B— B4
. 0 . r —
,
-
,
2 , 9 K t— B 4 ; f ollowed by P — K B3
wi th th e be tt e r g ame .

Col 3 I f 8 Q xB ?
. 0. ; 9 Q —
K 9 R —K-
q ; B t . . 2, s . 10
1 54 PH I L I D O R S
’
DE F E N C E .

P —Q4

G am e 1
. G ame 4 .

Lemm a/m l .

GO LDSMITH
E S LI N G
.

Kt
41
1 56
- ’
P I I I LI D O R S D E FE N C E .

GAM E N O . I .

Move — K t8 ch .

B LA CK— B LA CK B U R N E .

W H ITE— W I N A WE R W H I TE—S T E INI T Z .

WH I '
I ll — G O L D S MI TH . W H I TE — B AR N ES .
 P H I LI DO R S
’
DE FE N C E . 1 59

B ird v . M o rp h y .

Game 5 —Ce rtainly d g e rous and muc h infe rio r t o P xQP Com p ar e Columns and
. an . 20 21 .

Game 5 —Wh i t e could h ave h e re inst i tu ted Z k t t winnin g a tt ack b y 6 K t>< P Com p a re u er o r
’
s .

Col
.

. 20 .

Game 5 W muc h prefe r th e mo re defensive 8 B—K

.
-
e . . z .

Game 5 — Muc h safe r was Q— K o r K t —B3

. 2 .

Game 5 L owen th al j ustly condemns th is move a blunde r T h e loss of a P co l d no t be avoided

- as u
exce pti n g by g ivin g u p two p ieces fo r a R bu t th e la tt e r co r se r esen t ed mo re pros pec t s of o h
.

u
t ainin g an e q uivalen t in ma te r ial wi th a g ood p osi t ion g
,

t t h Pt ; B >< P e 1 1 e 1 1 12

4 P or Q t 5 gx P c h wi th t wo Pawns and
. .
.
, , ,

R x B ; 3 Q — K t5 h —Kt
12 3 R 3 ; 4 Kt
1 ; e 1 1 1 1 . .

a R fo r t wo mino r p ieces and a g ood g ame

.
, ,

Game 5 —K t>< Kt would h ave fo rced th e p osi tion th a t ac t ually occu rr ed w h e r eas th e p lay in the t ex t
subj ec ted Black t o unnecessa ry com plica tions
.
,

Game 5 — L owen th al su gg es t s h e re K t tP w h ic h we belie e was h is bes t cou r se and mi ght h av 12 v e

led t o th e f ollowin g con tinua t ion
.

K X Kt ; 3 Kt t 3 B t ; 4 K R K t q 4 QB . 1 , 1 1 - s .
,
1
K B4 ; 5 B — R 6 h K — B ; 6 — Kt
Q 5 h 6 K — K 3 7 B x R & 1 1
1 5 3 c ; .
, 1 1 c .
, , c .

We sh ould h ave prefe rred 3 P— QB4 ; fo r if 4 P X P 4 B t ; 5 Q x P h 5 Q— B 1 1 1 1 e 1 z,

thr ea tenin g Q x P h and wins
.
. .
, ,

e .
,
.

Game 5 —P —QB3 firs t would h ave been a g ood precau t ionar y measu re
. .

Game 5 —Black is a Pawn ah ead with an excellen t g ame fo r in th e lon g r un th e dve r se K E P ou ght a
t o fall t oo Bu t th e im p e t uous in g e ui t y of Mo rph y w h o was me r ely a you th du rin g h is b rillian t
.
,

n
C h ess ca ree r a pp a ren tly could no t r esis t th e t em pt a tion f r iskin g a b r illian t sac ri fi ce fo r an a tt ck
.

o a
w h ic h no doub t i t r e qui red gr e t skil l and fo resi ght t o r e p el a .

Game 5 —T h is seems th e nat u r al move bu t Wh it e loses a t once all c h ance of vic to r y as Black can fo r ce
a d r aw a t least Muc h be tte r was undoubtedly 9 Q— K t5 fo r if 9 P — K6; Q— Q8 h K
.

1 1 20 e 20
c i is necessa y e is B away f om is esen os
.
.
, . .
,

B ; h B — B — R h t r g t th r h pr t p t
2 Q X P 21 Q ; 5 ( e t
21 2 22 o

as h e blocks th e exi t of th e Wh i t e K and if Q X R W h i t e answe r s Q X R B )

. .
,

P —K t3 ; 3 Q 22 2
s if followed by s ould win
, ,

q
, . .

X B h K — K t ( 2 K — B 4 Q X B h B — K t3 h 2 ); 4 Q 2 2
3 e 3 q ; s e
— Kt s and wins no oweve h on
. .
.
, . .
,

K6 h K — K — K K 6 K t h r K8
4 f 5Q 2 5 h 5 Q x Pz 2 Q 2 2 -
e ; e e
accoun t f 6 R X Q 7 P X Q 7 B >< P h ; K— K t q 8 R —K t s q c h wi th a t leas t a d r aw
. . .
, , , ,

o 2 2 2 e 2 s 2
and g ood winnin g prosp ec t s I t is also obvious th a t if 9 Q t P h K —Q B —K t5
. . .
. .
, , , .

1 e 20 2, 20

Q3 and ou ght t o win

.
. . .
,

K K3 — B6 h ; —
B —
eh ; 21 Q ,
21 e . 22 .

Game 5 —Lowen th al ri ghtly p oin t s ou t h e r e th a t Whi te could h ave d r awn by K —B s q a t th is p oin t

.

. . .

Game 5 — A g ai Wh i t e could d raw by K— R as su gg est ed by L owen th al

. n z .

Game 5 —A beau tiful mas t e r s troke w h ic h fo rces th e g ame in a few moves

. .

M o rp h y v . D uke of B ru n s w ic k an d C oun t I s o u ard , C o n s ul tin g .

Game 6 A p oin ted ou t in ou r analysis th is is no t a g ood defence

.
-
s .

Game 6 — A d th is is wo r se N doub t Black h as al r eady a li ttle th e infer io r g ame bu t Q— B3

n o or

Q Q we r e th e bes t d f w con tinua tions

.

— 2 e en s e .

Game 6 —Wh i t e is no t sa t is fi ed wi th winnin g a P d th e t edious g ame th a t wo l d h ave r e l ted a f te r an u su

T h e p osi t ion fully j us t i fi es Wh i te t o p lay fo r hi ghe r g ame w h ic h was mo r
.

1
8 Q x P 8 Q — K t5 h & e c e
in th e gr and mas te r s s tyle
.
, , .

’
.

Game 6 —] us t w h a t Wh i t e was p layi g fo r Q — B was th ei r be t

. n . 2 s .

Game 6 —T h e fir s t l ink in a ch ain of a mos t beau t iful combination

. .

Game 6 — Al l p owe rful and exac t

. .

Game 6 —A ve ry fi ne fi nish t o a mos t ele g an t g ame

. .

M o rp h y v . H arrw it z .

Game 7 Th is move was firs t ado pted by Lowen th al a g ains t H wit and Mo rph y sub equen tl y
-
arr z, s
f avo r ed i t fo r th e a tt ack almos t inva r iably
.

Game 7 —I ano th e r g ame be tween th e same l y H a wit p layed h er e 7 K t B3 w h ic h

n a ers rr
by fa r sup erio r to th e move in th e tex t 7 I p— K is also muc h prefe r able Com p a re Table 3 C 1
. z . .
-

2 0 5.

4 and 5 T h e move in th e t ex t s h u t s u p Black s B and leaves a h ole i h is cen tre

. .
,
’
1 3 , 1 1 . n .

Game 7 —N t as g ood as B — K3 w h ic h k eep s th e B in communica tion wi th b tlf win g and besides

. o o s
g ams a move fo r th e p urp ose of advancin g P — K B4 la te r on as Black canno t a ttack h im by P — K Kt4
Game 7 — Th e Q is onl y in th e way of the B a t th i p os t Muc h be tte r i B — K r ese rvin g th e r e
.

s s 2
t ea t of B —Q even t ually
. .
.

r 2

Game 7 Ve r y w eak K— R s q fo llowed by Kt—B o r i w m we r e b f be tte r especially a

.

2 v ce ar ar s
h e in tended t o en te r wi th h is K t at K4 la t e r on and th e way c h o e f hi y
.

i K t5 subj e t
. .
,

{t i s n or s v z v a c s
him t o a tt ack and l o s f t ime
.
,

s o .

( Continue d on p age 1 61 )
1 60 P H I LI D O R S
’
D E FE N C E .

GA M E N o . 5 . GA M E N o . 6 .

Move 18 . .
Q (f rom K R 6) —Q R 6 . Move 6 Q — Kt8 c h
1 . . .

B LA CK— M O R B L ACK— D U K E B R N SWI CK C N T

OF U OU I S OU AR D ,
P HY .

C O N S T INUL G .

W H I T E —B I R D . W H ITE— M O R P HY .

WH I Phi —MO RH P Y. W H I T E — M O RP HY .

Playi g 8 g m
n a b li df ld
es n o .
 T HE CO N T E ST B E TWE E N

M E S S R S S T E I N I T Z AN D T S C H I GO R I N
.
.

woul d be an unfa i r d i s p a r ag emen t of t h e r e p u tat i on of ou r celeb r ated an tago nis

It
in th e contes t tr eate d i n th e foll ow i n g p ag es i f we we r e t o o ff e r any a p ol o gy fo r i nt r o
,

d uc ing th e se r i es of g ames p l aye d between th e aut h o r and M r T sc h igo rin at H a v an a il .

th e be g i nn i n g of th e yea r 1 8 8 9 But we m ay s t a t e th a t th e g ames of th e last c h am p i o n

.
,

sh ip m atc h be t ween M ess r s S t e i n i t z an d Z uk e rto rt p l aye d a t N e w Yo r k S t

’

. L ou i s am , .
,

N e w O r leans i n 1 8 8 6 we r e p ubl i s h ed s h o rt ly afte r th e conclus i on of th e con t es t i n se p a

r a t e collect i ons by two r i v al Ge r man au th o rs an d by t wo d i ff e r en t p ubl i s h e r s T h e au .

th o r th e refo r e fel t j us t i fi e d i n en t e rt a i n i n g th e ex p ec t at i on th a t th e add i t i on of t h e g ame

, ,

of th e l a t es t con t es t fo r th e c h am p i ons h i p w i t h ou r own analyt i cal comments woul d f o rm

an att r ac t i v e fea t u r e o f th i s v olume mo r e es p ec i ally as th e p lay of th e t wo o pp onen t
,

r e pr esents t wo d i ff e ren t sc h ools w h i c h i n many r es p ec ts a r e almos t antag on i st i c i n t h e i

,

resp e c tiye styles and i n th e i r lead i n g vi ews abou t th e g ene r al condu ct of th e g ame Ol .

th i s subj ec t we r ese rv e som e fu rth e r r em a r ks an d p r oceed t o g i v e a b r i ef h i sto ry of th

, .

i nau g u r a t i on of th e con t est w h i c h we bel i e v e w i ll no t b e ou t of p lace

,
.

In th e ea r ly p a rt of 1 8 8 8 M r S te i n i t z v i s i te d H a v ana i n conse q uence of an in vitatiO l

.
,

fr om th e h os p i t able C h ess Cl ub o f th a t c i t y t o g i v e some C h ess ex h i b i t i ons an d t o p la;

m at c h es and o ff h an d g ames a g a i n
-

c an C h am p i on S eno r Va z q ue z C onsul Gene r al of M ex i c o ; S eno r es

, ,

ot h e r pr om i nen t p laye r s T h e membe r s of th e H a v ana C h ess Club

.
,

siastic and l i be r al p a tr ons of th e g ame m ade on th i s occas i on th e 0

,

pr o v i de t h e s t akes an d t o defr ay all t h e ex p enses of a m atc h fo r th e

wo r l d t o be h el d unde r th e aus p i ces of t h a t society a g a i ns t any o pp onen t w
ito r woul d acce pt M r S te i n i t z acce p te d t h e h andsom e o ff e r on cond i t i on
. .

t es t s h oul d c ons i s t of a l i m i t e d numbe r of g ames as h e c oul d no t be su r e ,

v a r i ous en g ag emen t s woul d all ow h i m t o stay at H a v an a fo r an i nde fi n i te

woul d h a v e been necessa ry i n case m any d r aws occu rr ed H e selecte d fo r .

t h e R uss i an m ast e r M r T sc h igo rin w i th w h om h e h ad

, .

T h e fir s t t i me i n t h e V i enn a In t e r na t i onal T ou r namen t

firs t an d secon d pri z es w i t h H e rr Win awer w h i le M r ,
.

pr i z e bu t i n t h e p e r sonal encoun t e r w i t h M r S te i n i t z e
, .

occas i on i n th e L ondon I nte r na t i onal T ou rn amen t of 1

t o get h e r fo r M r S te i n i t z won t h e secon d pri z e an d M r T sc h igo rin th e fou rt h
, . .

l atte r won b o th g am es i n th e p e r sonal encounte r between th e two p l aye rs M r . .

r i n was al r eady un i v e r sally r eco gn i z ed as a fi rst cl ass m as t e r b u t mo r e es p ec i al

-
,

coun t of h i s style be i n g c h a r acte r i z e d by t h e r a r es t das h an d b ri ll i ancy of comb i

th e condu c t of the K i ng s s i de a tt ac k as wel l as by e xac t i tu de of cal c ulat i ons i n
’

in
g .

n o iss

Tsc h
ito rs
in N e w Yo r k i n th e S pri n g of 1 8 89 .
 ST E IN IT Z T S C H I GO R I N GA M E S
- . 1 63

T h e p r el i m i na r i es we r e eas i ly an d mos t am i cab ly se tt le d be t ween th e t wo p l aye r s by

: o rresp o n d e n c e I t was a rr ang e d t h a t t h e con t es t s h oul d be l i m i te d t o t wen ty g am es l n
.

: lud i n g d r aws an d th a t th e w i nne r of th e m aj o r i ty s h oul d be decl a r e d th e vi c t o r

,
Th e .

st akes we r e fi xe d a t a m i n i m u m o f $ 600 b u t we r e aft e r wa r d i nc r ease d by l i be r al sub

,

; c rip tio n s of th e m embe r s of th e H a v an a C h ess Club t o v e ry nea r ly doubl e t h a t sum .

I he H a v ana C h ess C l ub also p r o v i de d fo r eac h p l aye r fees of $ fr ee p assa g es fr om

’
2 50 ,

in d t o N e w Y o r k an d p r i z es of $
,
20 fo r th e w i nne r of e ac h g am e an d $ 1 0 fo r th e l o se r .

I n case of d r aws eac h p l aye r was t o r ece iv e $ 10 I n o th e r re p ec ts th e r ules o f th e c h am

.

p io n sh ip m a t c h b e t ween M ess r s S t e i n i t z an d Z uk e rto rt p l aye d

. i n 1 88 6 w e r e ado pt ed ,

i n d i t w i l l h a r dly b e necessa r y t o r e p ea t th ose r u les exce pt i n g t o s t a t e th a t th e t i m e l i m i t

,

was fi xe d a t 1 5 m o v e s p er h ou r .

T h e con t es t duly com mence d on J anu a ry 2 0th 1 8 8 9 a t H a v ana b u t was b r ou ght , ,

to a cl ose on th e 2 4 th o f F eb r ua ry M r T sc higo rin ob t a i ne d th e l ead o v e r his o p p onen t

. .

by on e g am e thr ee t i mes du ri n g th e con t es t n am ely aft e r th e fi r s t th e th i r d an d th e sev, ,

en th g am e .M r S t e i n i t z sco r e d one a h ead aft e r th e fi fth g am e an d th en a g a i n afte r th e

.

ni n th H e th en ke p t th e l ea d up t o th e en d of th e con t es t a t th e fi n i s h of th e 1 7 th g am e
.
, ,

wh i c h r esul t e d i n a d r aw As th e sco r e s t oo d a t th a t t i m e S t e i n i t z 1 0 T sc higo rin 6 th e

.
, ,

add i t i on al d r aw m a d e S t e i n i t z th e vi c t o r of th e con t es t fo r only thr ee m o r e g ames re ,

ma i ne d t o b e p l aye d an d M r T sc higo rin was b ou n d t o b e one g am e m i nus e ven i f h e

.

wo n th em all .

I t w as th en a rr an g e d th a t th e l as t thr ee g ames s h oul d b e p l aye d i n consul t a t i on b e

tween M r S t e i n i t an d D r Ga vi l an on th e one s i de a g a i ns t M r T sc higo rin an d S eno r
. z .
, .

Ponce on th e o th e r s i de T h e re sul t was th a t e ac h p art y sco r e d a g am e an d on e was

.

d r awn . I t was h ow e v e r d i s t i nc t ly s t i p ul a t e d th a t th e T sc h igo rin p a r ty s h oul d h a v e the

, ,

M r S t e i n i t t o h a v e th e fi r s t m o v e i f . z

th e new defence ado p t e d

M r S t e i n i t ; on th e o th e r h and i t was also a gr ee d th a t the
. z ,

p l ay th e Z u k e rtort o p en i n g fo r th e p u r p ose of g i i n g th e o p v

try i n g a n w l i ne of p l ay
.
e .

en en g a g e d i n suc h se r i ous con t es t s g ene r ally selec t fo r th e at

o p en i n g s as i n th e i r own r es p ec t iv e o p i n i ons w i l l y i el d th em
an d th en p e r s i s t i n ado p t i n g th e sam e l i n e of p l ay u nl ess
unsoundness M ess r s S t e i n i t an d Tsc higo rin p u r sue d th e
. . z

d conse q u en t ly only th e E v ans Gamb i t an d th e i r

’
11

is som e t i m es n am e d th e Z uk erto rt O p en i n g we r e ,

th e exce pt i on of th e th i r d g am e i n w h i c h M T sc h i r.

o p ene d w i th th e R uy L o p e B ut w e w i s h t o m ak e som e s p ec i al r em a r ks on t h e
z.

e f n c e ado t ed by th e au th o r i n th e E v ans Gamb i t as i t a f fo r ds s tri k i n g exam p les

’
e
p ,

a p p l i ca t i on of an d th e sel ec t i on be t we en som e of th e d i ff e r en t m ax i m s la i d
, ,

i n o u r c h a p t e r on T h e M o de r n S c h ool an d th e P ri nc i p les of P l ay
“ I t m ay b e .

f th e Ev ans Gamb i t th a t i t p u t s th e m ode r n th eo r i es t o a c ru c i al t es t fo r a P aw n is

’
,

u p on th e ex tr em e Q ueen s win g fo r a r em o t e a tt ack i n th e cen tr e an d a g a i ns t the

’

t o h a v e a w i nn i n g su p e ri o r i t y as h is ,

h i s h a vi n g th e m aj o r i t y o f P awns fa r
l o K i n g w h i c h i n v a r i a b ly h as t o C as t l e on th e K i n g s s i de ea r ly i n
’
,

th e c h i ef d i fficul ty fo r th e defence is th e fo r m a t i on of W h i t e s two ’

an d K4 an d th e p owe r ful r an g es w h i c h th e l a tt e r s
,
’

K i ng s s i de aft e r C as t l i ng m o r e es p ec i al ly th a t of
’

c
7 ’

th ose d i ffi cul t i es th a t th e au th 03 aftel ; the

.
1 61 . ST E I N IT Z T S C H I GO R I N G A M E S
- .

m oves 1 P— K4 ,
r P— K4 ; 2 K K t— B 3 ,
2 Q K t— B 3 3
; B— B 4 , 3 B— B4; 4 P — Q Kt4 ,
Bt P ; 5 P— B 3 , 5 B— R 4 ; m ove 6 0— 0 ,
i nt r oduced th e 6 .
—
Q 7 B3 an d w e n o v
.

p o p ose t h e follow i n g c ont i nu at i on : 7

r P — Q4 7 K t— R 3 (i n t h e g ames of t h e contes t th ,
l

aut h o r p l aye d 7 KKt— K z w h i c h on fu r t he r analyt i c al exam i na t i on we fi n d to b

. .
,

m uc h i nfe r i o r t o t h e m o v e n o w pr o p ose d ) T h e r e a r e n o w se v e r al l i nes of attack b u .

,

any h ow th e m ost i nte r est i n g i s t h e o n e based on M r T sc h igo rin s i dea a pp l i ed i n actu a .

’

p lay ag a i ns t t h e ot h e r defence 7 KK t— K z nam ely : 8 P Q 5 8 Kt— K z ; 9 Q — R 4 . .

-
,

9 B — K t3; 1 0 Q B — KK t s 1 0 —
Q Q3 ; 1 1 K t— R 3 1 1 P — Q 3;
B ,
1 2 Q R — Q sq At thi , .

j unctu r e Bla c k h as to t ake t h e c h o i ce between r eta r d i n g h i s de v el o p men t fo r a l on g t i m l

“
o r allow i n g t wo h oles (com p a r e p xxx i c h a pt e r on T h e R elat i v e Val ue of Pi eces .
,

etc to be fo r med i n t h e cent r e

. A s w i ll b e seen t h e two h oles a r e m o r e d an gero u . :

to h i s g ame t h an t h e block t h at W h i te w i ll c r eate I f fo r i ns t an c e 1 2 P— K B3 .

, , . .

13 PXP 1 3 Q X P ; 1 4 K t— K t5 1 4 P >< B o r B — B4 ; 1 5 B— K 3 etc O r 1 4

, ( 14 ,
. .
, . .

B— B z ; 1 5 B —Q 5 1 5 Q— Kt3 ; 1 6 B— K 3 1 6 Q— R 4 ; 1 7 K t— Q 6 e h 1 7 K— B s
q
—
.
, , , .

18 QXQ 1 8 B X Q; 1
9 ,
B >< ;P 1 5 K t X K P 1 5Q
— B 4; 1 6 K t Q 6 e h 1 6 K— I ,
.
,

sq ; 1 7 K t n o t th e tem pt i n g 1 7 Q X Q P on ac c oun t of 1 7 Q
.
( 1 7 Q >5 . . . .

KK t ; 1 8 Kt X B an d w i ns T h e defen c e h as t h e r efo r e t o r eso rt to t h e l i ne of p l ay t h a

.

actually occu rr ed i n t h e contest i n a s i m i la r p os i t i on and t h e g am e woul d con t i nu e 1 :

Q — K. t s q ; 1
3 B X Q K t 1 3 K X
. B ; 1 4 P — Q 6 e h 1 4 K — B s q ; 1
, 5 Q — K t4 T h il .
,
. .

i s no doub t m uc h su p e r i o r to 1 5 Kt >< P t o w h i c h Black woul d r e p ly 1 5 B— B 4 A n t . . .

n o w Black s p i eces a r e ce r ta i nly s h u t o ut uncomfo r tably fo r t h e

p r esent b u t ou r t h e m ;
’
,

i s th a t W h i te s Q P be i n g t oo fa r ad v ance d w i ll r e q u i r e t h e p r otect i on of Q ueen an t

’

R ook fo r som e t i me an d i f Black s K i n g can only be g ua r de d a g a i ns t any a ttack n

’
,

su rpr ises th e defence ou gh t gr adually to obta i n th e b es t of th e g ame w i th th e m aj o r i ty o

P awns on t h e Q ueen s s i de and t h e t wo B i s h o p s
’
F o r th a t p u rp ose we woul d ad visc .

e v en t o g i v e u p th e P awn g a i ne d and t o pr oceed w i th

fo r th e r eason th a t i f 1 5 P— B 3 W h i t e m i ght h a v e . .

t i es by 1 6 K— R sq 1 6 B— Q sq ; 1 7 Kt >< P and i f 1 7 .
,
.
,

afte r 1 5 B— Q sq ; 1 6 Kt >< P 1 6 P— Q R 4 (no t 1 6

. . .
,
.

r ej o i nde r Kt P 1 7 Q — Kt z i( f 1 7 Q— B 5 1 7
, ,

Q ueens Bl ack h as th e su p e ri o r g am e w i th 3 comb i ned P awns a v a i lable fo r

th e Q ueen s s i de as a ga i ns t 2 se p a r a t ed ones of th e o pp onen t bes i des t h at
’

, , ,

w i l l be weak ) 1 7 P— QKt4 ; an d we bel i e v e th a t Black ou ght to be able

,

h i m sel f w i t h th e su p e r i o r g am e .

In r efe r e ic e t o th e I rr e g ula r (Zuk erto rt) O p en i n g w h i c h was i n v a r i ably ado pt ed

t h e aut h o r i n t h i s con t es t we m ay s t a t e th a t we h ad ne v e r pr e vi ously tr i e d t h i s debu t
,

ac t ual p l ay Bu t we essayed i t on th i s occas i on fo r th e p u rp ose of test i n g ou r t h eo ry

.

r e g a r ds th e i nad vi sab i l i ty of p i nn i n g a Kn i gh t ea r ly i n th e o p en i n g (es p ec i ally t h e KK

(com p a r e p a g e xxx ) a g a i ns t th a t of M r T sc higo rin w h o was e vi dently not of .

o p i n i on F o r i n th e cel eb r a t ed m a t c h by t ele gr a ph and co rr es p on dence w h i c h

.

by S t P e t e r sbu rg a g a i ns t L on don i n 1 8 8 8 an d i n w h i c h
.
,

fo r t h e R uss i an s i de Black (S t P e t e rsbu rg ) i n one of t h e t wo g ames of th e m a t c h

, .
, ,

t h e mo v es 1 KKt— B 3 r P— Q4 ; 2 P— Q 4 answe r e d 2 ,
B— Kt 5 I t was na t u ,
. . .

t o be ex p ec t e d th a t t h e R uss i an mas te r woul d try th e sam e ex p e ri men t a ga i ns t .

au th o r an d we b el i e v e t h at no t alone ou r ac t ual sco r e i n th i s o p en i n g b ut also

, ,

most st r i n g en t analyt i cal exam i na t i on of t h e p l ay on bo th si des w i l l now v e r i fy ou r V i ew

2 . B— K t 5 ou ght t o p l ace th e defen c e at a d i sad v anta g e
. T h e fact th a t Black .

enable d t o doubl e th e K B P i n no way m i l i tated a g a i nst W h i te s g ame and on th e ’

,

f r a ry at t h i s ea r ly sta g e befo r e t h e exc h an g e of Q ueens

, it
, ,

f o r t h e a tt ack w h i c h was gr eatly su pp o r ted by

,
1 66
ST E I N IT Z -
T S C H I GO R I N G A ME S .

Game I .
G ame 2 .

R t
ZBR — R 8 c h .

n XR

} W rm r z
3
e
M . T sc m o o e .
3 3
. .

a
n
a?
H
‘2 M
N it
. T sc m o o x m .

n
i o — B3
l P
“
4
4
33 “ zB K t5
i f
-
“

. Kt— K s
34Q — B 7 c h .

—
Q Bz
3EQ— B 3 ch
Kt s q
.

K -
. 13
36
5
41 5
3
-

37P x P
PXP
3BQ — K s

53P x P
Q — K6 ch .

54K— R z
PXP
55Q — Q B c h z .

K — K t4
58P
Q
57Q— B
—K t
B6
-
3,

s q ch . .
W
25
za
“ M

B >< P
5

K —R 4 ~

58R esi g ns
D g am p ag D ag pg
.

l Se e i ram a
’
See ia r e 1 68 .
e
 S T E I N IT Z T S C H I G O R I N G A M E S
- . 1 67

T s c h ig o rin v . St e in itz .

Game 1 .
— See ou r r ema rk on th is move in th e in troduc t ion of th is se ries of g ames
s .

Game 1 .
— A pp a ren tly s tr on g bu t no t as g ood as th e line of p la y subse q uen tly ado pted by
, Mr .

T sc h igo rin , v iz . : 8 Q B — KKt , 8

S
—
Q Q3 ; 9 P —Qs .

Game 1 . bes t p lan is now t o sim p lify ma tte r s by 8 P—K R 3 ; 9 K t>< P 9 R —B s q

—We th ink th e . .
,
.

Q x P ; and th ou gh Pawns a r e even we muc h pr efe r Black s

’
10 Kt P Kt t; Pt ,
10 1 1 , 11 ,

g ame as Wh i t e s Q E F is weak and h is QK t h as li ttle sco p e fo r ac t ion

’
.

Game — I f P— K 5 Q— QB3 ; OK t— R 3 K t— B4 ; 3 K t— B3 3 K t— K 3 ; wi th an ex
1 . 11 , 11
’
12 , 12 1 ,
1

ce ll t g ame
en .

Game — Black g ives u p the P g ained in o rde r t o b reak u p th e adve r se cen tr e and in th e h o p e f
1 . o

g ainin g mat e r i l afte r cas tling Howeve r th e bad p osi t ion of h is Q K t is a d r awback t o h is g ame
a .
, .

Game —T h is pr ema t ur e a tt ack is fully neu tr ali ed by th e o pp onen t s ve r y cleve r p lay P—Q B3
I . z
’
.

a t once was muc h be tte r

Game — Defendin g eve ry th in g indi rec tly Of cou rse Black da r e no t t ake bo th Kni ghts on accoun t
I . .

of th e ul t ima t e R — K s q .

Game I W believe th a t Q—Q R 4 ins tead was muc h stron g e r and would h ave made i t ve r y d ifl i l t
-
e cu

fo r Black t o release h is p ieces .

Game — A weak move w h ic h g e t s Black in t o trouble He could s t ill r e t ain some advan ta g e wi th
1 . .

h o p es of winnin g by 5 QX ; P 6 QX P 6 K t— R 4 e tc
2 . 2 ,
2 , .

Game — A excellen t r ej oinde r w h ic h g ives Wh i t e any h ow some a ttackin g ini t iative See Dia gram
1 n .
,

p a g e 66
1 .

Game — A ex tr ao rdina r y blunde r Black overlooked th a t th e c h eck a t R 8 was g uarded by th e

1 . n .

9 Q B 3 left Black s t ill wi th a g ood g ame in

8 8 — K — B —
Q . 2 7 R R 4; . B >< P . R t4; 9 B 2 , 2 2 -
2, 2

w h ic h h e could easily e ff ec t a d raw almos t a t any t me 1 .

Game —N t a g ood move Q t o ei h e r B s q inst ead followed by P — K R 3 and K —R would

1 . o . t .
, ,
2

h ave soon secur ed Wh i te s Kin g a g ains t all dan g e r of bein g h un t ed by c h ecks and would h av
’
,
e

g iven fr eedom t o W h i t e s Q and B t o Op e r a t e in con j unc tion wi th th e Pawns on th e Kin g s side

’ ’
.

Game A t th is s t a g e th e g ame was adj ou rned and M r T h g i sealed the move in th e t ex t

I .
-
,
. sc i or n .

Game I I f 3 8 Q X Q ; 3 8 P X P h ; 3 9 K >< P 3 9 P X Q ; followed by P — K B 3 and P — K K t3 d r awin g

-
c .
,

easily .

Game —Feeble If anyth in g could be h o p ed fo r P — Q Kt4 presen t ed th e bes t ch ance of o ffe rin g
I .
~
.
,

r esis t ance .

16 . Game —A excellen t move wh ich sh u t s ou t th e adve r se Q and prep a res Wh i te s a tt ackin g advan
n
’
ce

of Pawns .

17 . Game I — W h i te s att ack is now obviously irresistible T h e latte r p art of th e g ame h as been p layed
’
.

by M r T h ig i wi th consumma t e mas t e r y
. sc or n .

St e in it z v . T s c h ig o rin .

Game — I th e co rresp ondence ma tch be tween London and S t Pe te r sbu rg th e fo r me r p a rt y

2 . n .
,

p layed h e re P — K K t4 w h ic h i infe r io r t o th e move in th e t ex t

, s .

Game —Bes t I f 4 P — QB 3 ; 5 Q K R 3 5 K Kt— B 3 ; 6 P — K B 4 6 P — K R 3 (o r 6 Q K t

2 , . . .
—
, , . .

Q ; 7
2 P — K K t4 7 K t t ; 8 B P t 8 B >< P,; 9 Q
— KK t3 and wins ); 7 P — KK t4 wi th th e su p e ,

r io r g ame .

Game — Wh i te is s till ah ead in th e develo p men t Wi th one mino r p iece albei t hi r e treats of K t and Q
2 ,
, s .

Game — Wh ite h as now we believe some advan t a g e in p osi tion

2. .

Game — A grave e rro r Black eviden tly sp ecula t ed on Wh i t e s rep lyin g R P X P w he r eu p on th e

2 . .
’
'

the r ep l y K t P would win .

( Con tin ued on

p age
1 68 ST E I N IT Z T S C I I I G O R I N G A M E S
-
—
.

GA M E N O . 2 .

Move 24 . P —Q 6
Pa g
e 1 66.

B LA CK —M . T S C H I GO R I N .

W H I T E —M . T S CH I GO R I N . W H I TE — “ S T E IN I T Z
K .

GA M E N o . 4 .

Move I 6. K t—K ts .

Pa g e 1 70 .

\V H I T E — M . T S C H I GO R I N . VV H I T E -
W . STE IN I I Z
' ‘

.
1 70 ST E I N IT Z—T S C H I GO R I N G A M E S .

G ame 3 .
Game 3 — c ont d
'

G ame 4.

KR —Q sq
ZBR
.

—
Q q s .

K— K t2 36
—
2951 513
'

— B B2
M . T sc h igo rin .

30
P — KKt3 3 7
P— KR 4
31K K t2 -

P —K B 4

”
as
K —B 3 ~

“X
He 3
35P — KR 3
P KR 5 38
36P X }
~

;3
39
B 2
37K — K z
R — K5 ch
38
.

19 —15sq
R x BP ch
.

3gK — Kz
R —K
5 ch
4UK
.

— z
Q
P — B3
41 P— K R 5
K — K t4
4zR K K t sq
~ -
. ch
K )( P
43R — K t7
B — K B5 ch
44K — B3
.

P — K t3 41
45B — B 7 c h .

471
5 35
—
35
1
— —
1 2

495 133c h
U rs
.
-
Q5
5
a
.

51
as
K t— K B4
B — Q B4 ch .

5ZI —

g
z
é 3
53 — P KR 4 K t— K K t3
B — Q Kt5
54R — K Kt5 c h .

K— R z [43
55R —R 5 c h
R—R3
56 B— Q3 ch .

K— K tz
57R — K t5 c h
sq
.

K— B
S8K t— K t6 c h
.

D g D g pg
.

See ia ram pg
a e 1 68 . 1 See ia ra m a e 1 72 .
 S T E I N IT Z -
T S C H I GO R I N G AME S . 17:

Cont in ue d f rom
p age 1 69 .

ex tensive analysis and we can only p oin t ou t th a t if W h i t e h ad s tuck t o hi K BP and g iven u p

an , s

th e Q K tP fo r i t Black could well g ive u p ul tima tely th e B fo r th e advancin g P bu t would in th e

, ,

meanwh ile d ir ec t th e a ttack wi th R and K t a g ainst Wh i te s sole rem ainin g Q R P wi th almos t a ce r ’

t ain d r aw and even some pros p ec t s of winnin g .

Game 3 — O f cou rse if R x B W h i t e would answe r R t c h

. .

Game 3 —T h e manoeuv re th a t follows sh u t s u p Wh i te s R fo r some time bu t i t is no t sa tisfac to r y in

.
’
,

th e end Black h ad mo r e c h ance f a d r aw by 54

. R — B 7 h ; 55 K — R 3 55 B — Q3 ; 56 R —B o . . e .
,

6 R — B 4 if 6 R R R — B h R — B h B — B4 ; and we believe Black

2, 5 ( 5 X ; 57 3 57 3.
57 . c .
, c .
,

ou ght t o ob t ain a d r a w by a ser ies of c h ecks o r wo ld win th e KtP w h ic h wo ld of cou r se al o ,

u , u , , s

secu re a d raw a t least .

Game 3 — A beau t iful move w h ic h com p els Black ul t ima tely t o abandon h is att ack a g ains t th e Ki g n

as h e is bound t o pro tec t h is R P wi th h is B .

Game 3 —T h e op er a tion of h is R wi th th e o th e r is now secu red in a few moves and Whi te i

. co- , s

bou nd t o win esp ecially as h e h olds Black s Kin g t i ght in th e las t r ow

,
’
.

Game 3 —A t th is s ta ge th e g ame was adj our ned t ill next day Wh i te h avin g sealed th e move in
.
,

th e t ex t .

Game 3 — See Dia gr am p a g e 68 Whit e threat ens to b rin g th e B —K t followed by R — Q R 7

. 1 . z , .

Game 3 — T h e only co rrec t answe r If R — K t7 h Black plays KB q followed by K t— B . e .

, s .
, z ,

w h ic h sh u t s ou t th e R and mus t l tima t ely win th e exc h an g e by K— Kt s q u .

Game 3 —T h e rest t ells i t s own t ale

. .

Game 3 — Fo r if K t— K t Wh i t e answe r s R xP
. z , .

St e n it zi v . T s c h ig o rin .

Game 4 —W conside r th is no t alone qui te sound bu t probably the bes t answe r a g ains t Black s
. e ,
’

early sally wi th th e Q B w h ic h is pr emat u r e and al t o g e th e r unadvisable on g ene r ai princip les as this ,

p iece is muc h wan t ed fo r th e pr o t ec tion of th e Q side in th is o p en in g .

Game 4 T h e P canno t well be t aken as i t canno t be defended and W h i t e ob t ains th e r efo r e a

— .

s tron g cen tre If fo r inst ance 4 P X P ; 5 P — K 3 5 P — QK t4 (o r 5 P —K4 ; 6 B >< P 6 Q

, ,

.
, , . .
, . .
,

Q3 ; 7 P >< P wi th an excellen t g ame Com p a r e second consul t a tion g ame p a g e P — QR 4 6 P .

,
— Q B3 ; 7 B >< P 7 P X P ; 8 P — K t wi th muc h th e bes t of th e g ame
,

Q 3 , .

Game 4 I j udicious as Wh i t e g ains muc h t ime in fo r min g h is cen tre by h is r eply P x P was th e
.
-
n ,

only co rrec t answe r

.

Game 4 — U nde r th e ci r cumst ances Q— K R 4 was no doub t muc h be tte r

.
.

Game 4 M T h ig i l f m us th a t th is was th e r esul t of a miscalcula t i n He h ad fo reseen

— . r
. sc or n n or s o .

all th e subse quen t moves on bo th sides u p t o Wh i te s 4th bu t h e h ad ove rlooked in h is fo recas t ’

1 ,

th a t W h i t e s K R would th en r emain defended by th e Q

’
.

Game 4 O f cou rse if P x B a t once Black rep lies Q X R followed by K t— B 7 c h

.
-
, , .

Game 4 . B >< P Q — K4 ; 3 P x B 3 P — K B 4; 4 R — R 5 4 Q K 3 (o r 4
12 — , 12 1 ,
1
0
1 1 1
P —Q K t4 ; 1 5 K t X P
,

5 P X B ; if 5 K t t ; 6 B — B 3 and wins ); 6 B — B
,
1
3 6 1 . . 1 1 1
and wins
,

17 Qt .

Game 4 —Be tte r th an 3 K —K 3 K t —Q5 h ; 4 K—B q 4 Q X P ; 5 K t>< P (o r 5 Kt

, 1 2, 1 c . 1 s .
,
1 1 1

Q — K 6 6 B — Q B — K 3 and Black wi th tw Pawns fo r

15 . t
.
; 3 6 Q Q
X h ; 7 R X Q 7
1 K t , 1 e . 1 , 1 o

th e p iece may make a lon g fi ght afte r th e exc han g e of Q ueens w h e r eas th e p lay in th e t ex t ,

ensures Whi te an irresistible a tt ack a g ains t th e adve r se Kin g albei t Black h as three Pawns fo r
th e exch an g e
,

Game 4 — I f 6 Q — R 7 ; 7 Q— B4 7 R — Q ; 8 R —QB q 8 P —Q B3 ; 9 K t— Q6 c h and

. 1 . . 1 , 1 z 1 s .
, 1 1 .

V VI I I S .

( Con tinued on
p age
1 72 STE I N I T Z T S C H I GO R I N GA ME S
- .

GA M E N O . 6 .

Move 35 . B >< P .

P ag e 1 74 .

B LA CK— M . T S C H I GO R I N .

VV H I T E — M . T S CH I GO R I N . W H IT E— W S TE IN . ITZ .

GA M E N O . 8 .

Move 33 . R XP .

Pa g
e 1 74 .

B LA CK— M . T S CH I G O R I N .

W H I TE— M . T S C H I GO R I N . VV H I T E —W . S T E INI T Z .
1 74 STE I N I T Z —T S C H I GO R I N GAM E S

Game 6 . G am e 7 . G am e 8 .

W S . h aw n . M . T sc h igo rin . W Stei ni t

. z .

a
s.
I SP B3 8 7
6 ch
G— 16K_ B
.

c ont d
’
.

Sq
— Kt 88

2
3
ZBP —R 4 17 —1 1
“
12
80 8 9
P R5 4
2931 RS 18m
P >< P Q R5 90
3U P— B 3 81 19 :
Q Q6
R — K B5 82 Q R — Q sq 91
31Kt— K7 Z U Q ——
.

ch . 83 R2 92
Kt Bz 93
28
P— K6 P xR Q K t—Q4
22K —K 2 33P — R 6 22 29
R — K Kt sq
Z3R — B 7 c h 34P— R 7
.

23P — K R 4 95 3U R R3 B >< P
ch ch ch
.

3 B >< P S S D* K t— B 5 K t >< P 9 7 D i — B4 B K t6
Z4R )< R P 35P X B
.

24K — B s q 35K —B s q
.

31K >( Kt 24Kt —K3

.

~
114
P —K t7
. .

— K ts 7 9
R Qt P 5 QXB
25R —R 6 h c 36P —R 8
(Q ZEQ >< Q 32K —K sq —B q q s 36Q—R 2
— c
. .

P — K t8 — h
? 383
K Q Pt Q B4 c h Q B
tR 5S
5
ZB — 37 33P >( P ZBKt—K
?
371
.

26 —
.

27Kt
Rg
-
l
l t5
B5
Q 8
B
e sign s.
ch -

27R
K
—
R4
R sq .
96
Kt
34R esi g ns
K4
98
B K té
27Q— K t3
1 09 ? n 1
38R esi gns
7
sq .

D ag Di g Di g
.

See i ram p ag e 1 72 . 1 Se e a ram

p ag
e 1 72 . I Se e a ram pg
a e 1 72 .
 ST E I N IT Z T S C HI GO R I N G A M E S - . 1 75

Contin ued f rom p

( age

Game 6 .
-
ou t by S eno r Va q ue h e could a t leas t d raw by 5 R —K B
A grave e rro r . As p oin t ed z z , 2

s
q 5. K t
,
— K2 4 ; 6 R — B 5 6 R — R 6 h bes t ( if 3 6 K— Q 32; 7 R t and wins ; o r if 6 ,
2 e .
, . . 2 2

K t—K t5 h ; 7 K — B 3 7 K t— B ; 8 P —
c K 5 and.wi s ); 7 K —2K 7 R xB ; 8 P X R ,
2 2 2 n 2 z, 2 2

and W h it e ou ght t o d r aw a t leas t .

Game 6 — T h e marc h of th is P well timed and g oes the sh o rtes t r oad to vic to r y
. 18 -
.

Game 6 — E xcellen t play as i t blocks ut th e R from hi mos t commandin g fi le and leaves Black
.
,
o s

th e o ption f seve r al winnin g a tt acks o .

Game 6 —T he r e was h ardly any th in g be tte r fo r if R —KKt5 Black would h ave answe red R — KKt
.
,

6 and if th en th e R moved t o K B S Black would ca ptu r e th e KP c h ecki g and wins wi th ease

, ,
n .

Game 6 — A wil l be seen Black h as calculated t th e end wi th grea t exac ti t ude i o rde r t o coun t e r
. s ,
o n

ac t th e la t r esour ce w h ic h Whi te is tryin g t o adopt

s .

Game 6 —J us t as bad was K— K5 as Black would also exch an g e R ooks and ul tima tely hi Q ee
.
, s u n

would c heck a t R 7 winnin g th e adve rse Q ueen A g ain if K — B4 Black would proce d in a simi . , e

la r way as ac t lly p layed and would ultimately win by Q Q4 c h d exc h an g in g Q ueens by Q

ua — ,
. an
— K t4 c h .

Game 6 —A fo rlo rn h o p e Bu t of cour se Whit e h ad no o th e r r esou r ce See Dia gram p a g e 7

. .
, , . . 1 2.

T s c h igo rin v . S t e in itz .

Game 7 I f K t— Kt3 ;
.
Q K-
t— K t5
11 Q—.
B q ; 3 B —
. K 3 3 P — Q B 3 ; 4 E xB 4 Px 12 , 12 s . 1 ,
1 1 ,
1

K t ; 5 B >< P wi th th e muc h sup e rio r g ame

1 .

Game 7 Black is a P a head bu t his g ame is fearf ully c r am ped Pé Q3 was ob iously wo r s as
.
-
,
.
-
v e

Wh i te would exc h n g e Pawns foll owed by R — K s q c h a . .

Game 7 — A excellen t move w h ic h es t ablish es communica tion of th e Q wi th th e Kin g s side and

. n
’

g ives W h i t e a p owe rful a tt ack on th a t win g .

Game 7 — T h is is th e only r ep ly we bel i eve t o coun t e r ac t th e th eat ened Q—K R 4

.
, ,
r .

Game 7 — I f Kt>< P Wh i t e would answe r Q xKP wi th th e su p e rio r g ame

. .

Game 7 —Sp lendid p lay T he R exe r cises a p owe rful in fl uence on th a t s qua r e fo r th e endin g O f
. . .

cou r se if Kt>< P Black woul d answe r Q— B4 e ff ec t ively

, .

Game 7 —I f Q— K t3 White would exch an g e Q ueens followed by P — K 6 wi th an i rr esis tible a tt ack

Game 7 —Wh i te we believe m i ssed h e re th e o pp o rtuni t y of obt ai i g th e vic to r y by P—K6
. .

. n n 21 , 21

K t >< P ; Bt B P X B ; 3 K t— K 5 followed by R — Q3 wi th an i rr esis tible a tt ack

22 ,
22 2 .

Game 7 — Feeble K t— K3 was now th e bes t defence

. . .

Game 7 —T h is P is now en tir ely thrown away He ou ght t o h ave s till p layed 3 K t—K 3 ;
. . 2 . .

and if 4 B — B 4 P— KR 4 ; 5 Q— K t3 5 P — R 5 ; 6 Q— K t4 6 Q—R 4 wi th g o d h o p es of
2 z , 2 2 ,
2 2 ,
2 o

ex tr ica tin g h imself and winnin g with th e maj o ri t y of Pawns .

'

Game 7 — T he r e was h ardly any g ood defence If 6 K t— K3 ; 7 K t t h 7 B P t ; 8 K t 2 2 c 2 2

—K 7 8 R — R ; 9 K —R s q 9 B —Q q ; 3 K t
. . . .
.
,

,
2 2 3 R t 2 ; 3 P — B 4 3 K R — B ; 3 P
. 2 s . 0 ,
0 1 , 1 2 2
— B 5 3 R X P 3 3 R x R 3 3 P X R ; 3 4 R — K B q wi th an i i tibl a ttack
,
2 , ,
s .
, rr s e .

Game 7 — Beau tiful p lay See Dia gr am p a g e 7

, . 1 2 .

Game 7 —T h e ch of Whi te s K t a t B6 is obviously fat al t o Black s g ame If fo r in t ance 34 B

. .
’ ’
.
, s , . .

q 38 P
— Q ; 3 5 K t— B 6 h 3 5 K — Q q ; 3 6 K t— K t8 3 6 R — R q ; 3 7 R — B 8 h 3 7 B — K
2 .
c .
, s .
, s . c .
, s .
,

Q7 and wins A g a in if 34 B —
Q q ; W h.i t e ma t es ele g an t ly by 35 P — Q 7 h 3 5 >< P ; 3 6 K t
B s . c .
,

—Q é h 3 6 K — K ; 3 7 R — B7 ma t e
. .

o .
,
z .

St e in it z v . T s c h igo rin .

99 . G ame 8 — Wi th the in ten tion of kee p in g the QP twice defended and in o rde r t o make th e KP avail
.

( Cont inued on
p age
1 76 ST E I N I T Z T S C H I GO R I N G A M E S
-
.

GA M E N O . IO.

Move 25 . R t .

Pa g e 1 78 .

B LACK— M . T S CH I GO R I N .

W H I TE—M . T S CH I G O R I N . W H I TE— W S T E INI T Z . .

GA M E N O . II . GAM E N O . I Q .

Move 13 .
Q R — Kt sq . Move 57 . R t .

Pa g
e 1 78 . Pa g e 1 82 .

B L ACK— W TE I N I T Z
. S . B LA CK— M . T S C H I GO R I N .

W H I T E— M . T S CH I GO R I N . W H I T —W S T E IN
E . ITZ .
1 78 ST E IN I T Z T S C HI GO R I N G AM E S
-
.

M . T S C H I GO R I N . W . S rnm rr z . M . T sc n rc o x m .

M . T sc m c o x m .

K Kt— B 3

2B —K t5
P —Q B4
3Q K t -
8 3 1 28

P — K4

Bt
P xB
BK P x P 18 0
BP x P
7K t— K4
P xP
8Kt— Q 2
K t— B3 13 1
gQ— K c h z

”
—K 3
.

B
1 — K1
5
—B2
11KKt—B3 1 3 2
—
Q K15
12R — sq 1 3 3
Q
Cas tles Q side
.

13P— Q R 3
B— R 4
143
KR — Kt sq
15P
.

—K K t3 1 3 4
B— R 6
l fiP — Q K m
-
K t3
17Kt —K t
3
KR — K sq
l BK_ Q
.

B — K B4 1 3 5
1 _ Q1
3
5
q
p__
Q1 3
ZU _
B
K t— K tsq 1 3 7
E xB

t K4
23R Q Ktsq 1 8 8
K t— B 6 ch .

24K — Q s q
R X Kt
Z5K >< R
Q X BP ch
ZBK t— QZ
.

13 9
Q xQ
Z7R e sign s

See D g
ia ram pg
a e 1 76
. 1 Se e D g ia ram pg a e 1 76
. I Se e D g
ia ram pg a e 1 76
.
 ST E I N IT Z T S C H I GO R I N G A ME S -
. 1 79

Continued f rom
p age
Game excell en t move w h ic h a t any r a te rende r s Black s winnin g mo re di ffi cul t If h e l
9
— An ,
,
’
. a

lowed Black t ime t inst i t u te a double a ttack wi th R and B a g a ins t th e Q R P h is g ame was g
o , o ne

sp eedily .

.Game 9 — I f 5 Kt— Q 5 R —Q q ; 6 R —K t 6 B >< P ; e t c

. 2 2, 2 s . 2 z, 2 .

Game 9 —Black we believe could h ave h e r e oone r fo r ced th e i c to r y by 3

.
, K —B 4 ; fo r if 3 , s V 0 . . 1

K t— K t3 h 3 K— K t5 ; 3 K t— Q4 dis h 3 K—B4 ; 3 3 R —B
e .
,
1 h 33 K t ; 3 4 R x B 34 R 2 . c .
,
2 z e .
, ,

P
x ; 35 R — B 7 35 P — Kt5 and Black will win by advancin g h is K tP and b in g in g h is K u p t o Q R S
, r .

Game 9 Black h as g ained time by hi manoeuvrin g wi th th e R fo r th is im p o rt an t advance

-
s

Game 9 — N w the only move fo r if 4 Kt—Kt q 4 R —

. .

. o , 6
Q ;4 K — K 4 R — K K t6; 43 K— B , 1 s .
, 1 2 2, 2

a 43 P
,
R 5 ; e tc -
.

Game 9:—Ve r y weak Black c uld h av e w wi th facili t y by K— B3 w h ic h would h ave secur d . o on , e

tw Pawns p lu
o s .

Game 9 —N t g d R —Kt5 w hic h would h ave com p elled Black t o r e trea t R — R in o rde r t
. o oo . 2 o

main t ain hi P was by fa r be tt e r and g ave h im g ood h p es of a d r aw

s , o .

Game 9 —Whit e s K is cu t off and Black p assed P fo r ces th e vic t o ry See Dia gr am p a g e 76
’
,
’
s . 1 .

Game 9 —A little be tte r was 53 R K t6 h 53 K—K4 ; 54 R xP bu t Black would also soon win
.
-
e .
, , ,

eve in th a t case by fir t d rivin g th e adve r se K in g fu rth e r off wi th 54 R —B 8 h ; and then d

n ,
s . . e , a

a i g th e P
v nc n .

S t e in itz v . T s c h igo rin .

Gam e th u sual fo r m of th e Q s g ambi t in t o w h ic h thi s o p enin g g ene r ally resolves i t self

1 0 —I n . e
’

th e pr esen t move is no t conside red favo r able t th e defence bu t Black ado pt ed i t no doub t wi th o , , ,

th e view of a ttem ptin g t o b r eak thr ou gh th e 4th move on .

Game —W th ink th is is th e s tr on g es t con t inuation and th e advan t a g e f Pawns w h ic h White

10 . e o

g ains mo r e th an com p ensa t es th e b r eakin g u p of h is cen tr e and th e doublin g of h is Pawns .

Game — Obviously if 6 B — K t5 h ; Wh i t e in te rp ses th e B Bu t i t sh ould b no t iced th a t

10 . . e . o . e

if 6 QP X BP ; 7 B >< P 7 Q— Q ; Wh i t e should r eply sim p l y 8 P X P and no t 8 B ><P h w her e

. .
,
2 c .
,

u p on afte r 8 Q xB ; 9 Q X P 9 K — Q ; Q X R Black ob t ains a s tron g a tt ack by

. .
Q xB ,
2 10 ,
10 . .

P foll owed by KKt—B3 threa tenin g B —K t5 c h .

Game —Wh ite mi ght h ave won ano the r P by Q t P bu t then afte r 9 Q— K h ; B
10 .
, . . 2 c . 10

K 3 (o r K—Q q 10 R — Kt sq Qx B P Q — B
s 3 wi th .a s
, tr on g
10a tt ack ) —
Q K t5 h ; 11 ,
11 , 10 . . c .

11 Q Qx B X Q h ; ,K t— B 311 KK t — B 3 ; Black will r ecove r one Pawn and will a t leas t

c . 12 ,
12

pr olon g th e fight .

Game — I f 10 O — O —O ; . 0—0—0 11 K t—K t3 ; 3 Q—B 5 c h and wins th e BP fo r

. . 12 ,
12 1 .
,

sh ould Black in t e rp ose th e R then follows K B—QKt5

Game —I f 10 O — O — O ; 3 P— QR 3
.
—
3 Q Q3 (
12 .o r 3 Q
.
— R 4; 4 0 — 0 wi th an i rr e 1 ,
1 1 . . 1 ,

i tib l a ttack ); 4 QR — Q B s q followed by K t— K4

s s e 1 . .

Game — 5 O — O would h ave also g iven him a ve ry bad g ame on accoun t of 6 QB— K R 6
10 . 1 . 1 ,

and if 6 K t—K q ; 7 Q—K B5 7 OKt— B3 ; 8 R x P h 8 Kt ; 9 R — K K t q and

.

1 . . s . 1 , 1 1 c .
, 1 1 s .
,

wins .

Game —Th ea tenin g B >< P f oll owed by Kt tP double c h

10 . r ,
.

Game T h is is decisive w h ateve r Black mi ght do Wh i te h ad also th e o pti h e re of winni g

10 .
-!
. on n

tw m no r p ieces fo r th e R th us
o i R xB h KXR ; B— Kf 5 K t— Q ; 3 K t— K4 3 : 21 c .
,
21 22 ,
22 2 2 , 2

Q — K t3; 4 K t t 4 K t 2t ; 5Q
— B 6 5 QXQ ; 6 P XQ ,
6 R — 2K q ; 7 R — Q3 followed 2 , 2 2 ,
2 s . 2 ,

by R — K 3 c h a d wins th e K t T h e play in th e t ex t is h oweve r s tr on g e r st ill

. n .
,

Game —I f QKtxP Wh i te may proceed wi th R X B h and i f KK txP th e answer B xB wi e .

, ns

e qually .
‘
1

Game — N o thin g be tte r as Wh i te threatens Kt— B5 h and if th en K— K s q h e pr0 dé with

o
’

10 .
,
c .
,
. ce e

Q — K 4 w h e r eas if th
, e K move t o Q s q Black obviously loses th e Q by K t— K t7 h
; . c m
‘

( Continued on
p a e
g
1 80 ST E I N l T Z T S C l l I G O R I N G A M E S
- .

GA M E N O . I 3 . GA M E N O . I4 .

Move 41 . R — Q6 . Move 2
5 . B —R 3 .

Pa g e 1 82 .
pa g e 1 84 .

B LA CK—W S T E I N I T Z
. . B LA CK — M . T S C H I GO R I N .

WHITE— M . T S CHI G O R I N . W H I T E —W S TE INI T Z

. .

GA M E N O . | 5 . GA M E N O . I S .

Move 3 6 . . R — Q6 . Move 46 . P — B4 ch .

ag P e 1 86 . Pa g e 1 90 .

B LA CK— W S T E INI T Z
. . B LA C K— M . T S C H I GO R I N .

VVH I T E —M . T S CH I G O R I N . W H I T E— W S T E INI T Z
.
.
 82 ST E IN I T Z -
T S C H I GO R I N GAM E S .

t Game l S —c ont d
G ame Game l Z
’
-
c on d ’

12
.
.

B — K t3
J rreg u l a r 02 min .
28P KR 4 é
Zfl g égm
P _ K t3 34
W/iite W/zite 3
,
29Kt Kt3
,
29E x B
WV M
~ -

81 13 114 11 2 _ T sc h igo rin P xB

Q Q2
. . . .

B l ack, 3HQ B4 B l ack, 30

P R5
Q _ E2 B — Qs
M .
‘

T sc m o o m N .

31Q K t4 \V . S teini t z .

31K t
KK t— B 3 —
0 02 P — K4 R t
1P Q4 - 32Q —B4~
P — K4 32
— 4 K — K tsq 1 5 6 KK t— B
P Q 3
33 ZQKt— B3
.

ZB—Kts K— B q 1 5 7 s .

P — Q B4 Q — B2 B B4
3Kt— Q B3 34Q — Q2 38 — B4
P— OK t4 P B5
4P — K3 K t— K t3 4m B5Kt— B sq . 174
K t— B s Q O3 -
P — Q Bs Kt Q2
5 8 —K t5 36 K t— R sq .
5B _ R 36K — K s
q .

B — 2 Q 149 C astl e s

5
P -
B4
BKK t— K z 37K t— Bz 6Q *

B3 37 ~
K2 17 5
B— Q3 B — Bz 158 P- Q4 K2
78 K B4 1 5 0 38Q VK K t— K sfi — R é

g
K t5
4 2 176
E XE B — K3 P —Q S — R
5 ch

39P— K B4 8K t— Q 39P — Kt3

.

8K t >< B sq .

PX P R — KE 2 B — K Kts 1 6 4 Q R4

n— 40 gQ 40
?
P R (K t3 )— K 3 Q3 R R5 17 7
Q K t3 —
Q K2 R4 R ‘
Q 178 Df
6
10
P —I ( E 3 1 65 41K t 17 9
E xB R — B3 B —Q B sq Kt t ch
4ZQ— Bz
. .

li R— sq QKt 11B -
Kt3
Castles K Si de
.

R —Kt3 K t— R
4SK — R z 12P _ B 3 R R4
sq B —B2 B—K t3 1 66 — B8 h
44R — R 3 443
.

1S R— K sq .
13B —B4 R —
I \ sq 18 0
sq
.

B — Qz I S1 R — QB R s
q Kt
45R Q B s q 14P 45Q x B P
.

14 Q K t —K 2 — .
~

Q Kt4
Q RS Q xQ
46R >< Q
fl

15P Q B3
~

K t— K3 15 Kt —
K t2
K R — QB sq Q — R6 K t — B6 18 1
47R 47R
~
.

1B K t—K t3 —K K t sq . B2
B —K sq '

R XP K— B sq
4t 48K
. .

17 K K t— R 5 x BP E sq .

Kt t R >< R ch 159 R XB
49P X R 49R x R
.

18K t t K t— w

Q sq .

P B3 B — Kt3 Q RS Kt
50
-

1g
fl

1BK t B4 -
153 EUR — K t3 K t— l tz 1 6 7 Kt
B— B Z Q —B sq Q Ré "

ZU
.

q K tz,
R — K sq
- 51K t — K3
— 8X7 2 32
—
Q O3
Z I R——K3 SZR K ts 1 6 0
— 21P x P 52K K t4
P K4 P— KR 3 Kt tP 1 6 8 K B3
22Q R sq 53R >< P 22P X Kt 53P— R 4
K — K t3
.

Q R 2 -
R6 QxP ch .

23 K t— Q 3 54R — Q 7 1 61 23B -
Q 2 1 69 54P K t4
P— K 5 B K sq B -
B7 ch . R X P
55K
-

24K
.

24Q— q 55R — Q s —
Q sq —B
5
K
.

sq
.

K— B 154 R — B6 R — K tsq 1 7 0 K t2
BBK
.

25Kt —Q g
.

25K t fl
B5 56 Q6
Qt P 11 t 1 62 D *

K— R 2 R — B7
58R — Q B8 1 63 61A nd wins 2762 '

s; R es i g ns
D iagr m p g
.
.

See a a e 1 76
.
 ST E I N IT Z T S C H I GO R I N G A ME S - . 1 83

Continued f rom p age 1 8 1 .

Game —5 12 P —R 5 was h r su gg es t ed afte wa rd bu t we d

. 2 . . t th i k th a t Black wo ld e e r , o no n u

g ain any th in g afte r 53 B >< P 53 R X P h ; 54 K — R q 54 R —Kt5 ; 55 B —B6 e t c , c . s .

, ,
.

Ga me — T h is is a weak move w h ic h enables Wh i te to g ain t ime

12 . .

Game —Wh ic h wins by fo rce S Dia gram p a g e 76

12 . . ee 1 .

Game 58 12 Q — KK .t su gg es t ed-
by S eno r Ponce
. woul d no doub t h ave prolo g ed th e g ame
. z n ,

bu t even then Wh i te would h ave obt ained a su r e vic to r y by 59 Q — Q6 59 R K7 ; 6 Q X QP 6 P ,

-
0 . 0

R 5 ; 6 Q — K B 3 6 R X KP ; 6 R —QR 6 6 Q—Q B ; 63 Q— K B4 thr ea t enin g R x Q R P as wel l

1 , 1 2 ,
2 z

as Q xP c h and sho ld win . u .

T s c h igo rin v . St e in it z .

Game 3 —I o rde r to b rin g abou t the usual blockin g p osi ti o i t is be tte r to p lay Q — R 4 first
1 . n n .

Game I 3 T h is is w a g ood r esou rce Wh i te h a rdly a ffo rd t o t ake th e B fo r th e sake f

.
-
no . c an o

g ainin g th e KKtP fo r afte r Cas tlin g Black will ob t ai a s tron g a tt ack on th e Op en K B fi le

,
n .

1 66 . Game 3 — W do no t th ink th a t Wh i te s a tt a k can be sus t ained now any h ow bu t th is and th e

1 . e
’
c ,

nex t move g e t h im int o trouble and Black ou ght t o win afte r th a t ,

.

Game 3 — T he r e pe t it ions we re made in o rde r t o g ai t ime fo r conside r at ion T he moves

1 . n . on

Wh i t e s p art a re of cou rse comp ulso r y

’
.

Game 3 — O f cou rse th is is fo rced

1 .
.

Game 3 — T h e bes t defence we believe If 3 Q— B3 ; 4 Q — B4 4 Kt— Q3 ; 5 R t

1 .
, 5 . 2 . . 2 , 2 2 ,
2

E X R (o r 5 Qx ; R 2 6 Q — B 7 h . 6 K — Q s
. q 7 B — K 3 7 B x B ; 28 P >< B wi t h s t il l a fai r e .
, 2 2 ,
2 2

g ame ); 6 Q X B7 h 7 K —Q q ; 8 Q t P and W h i t e h as s t ill a g ood a tt ack left

2 e .
,
2 s . 2 .

Game 3 —H could no t a ff o rd t o allo w h imself t o be d r iven away by Q R — K t s q subse quen tly

1 . e . .

Game 3 — Black could simp lify ma tte r s easily h e r e by 8 Q X K P ; 9 R t

1 .
9 QXQ 3 R x 2 . . 2 ,
2 ,
0

Bc h 3 K )( R ; 3 B X Q 3 QR —QKt s q wi th s till th e exc h an g e ah ead and a sp lendid g ame

.
,
0 1 ,
1 . .

Game 3 —A ve r y feeble move A fte r 3

1 K t—B 5 ; 3 3 Q R —Q s q 3 3 R —R followed so n by . 2 . . . 2 o

K — K th e r e was no th in g left f
2 Wh i t e or .

Game 3 A exce llen t move w h ic h h elp s t o kee p u p Wh i te s a tt ack fo r a lon g t i m e

— 1 n
’

Game 3 — Be tte r we believe th an R — B w he reu p on Wh i t e wo ld proceed W i th K t— K q

.
.

I . z u s .
,

followed by l i t Q3 and K — Kt4 -

t .

Game 3 — T he re was no necessi t y fo r this and K — B s q was by fa r be tte r

1 .
,
.
.

Game 3 — Black is p layin g recklessly A fte r 3 8 K B q ; 39 R — KB q 3 9 K— K t q ;

I .
. . .
-
s . s .
, s .

4 Q
0 — R 5 4 Q — K 3 \Vh t , a tt ack was a g ain com p le tely b k
0 1 e s
’
oo en .

Game 3 A ex tr ao rdina r y blunde r fo r suc h an imp o rt an t g ame R — K E was the only co rre t
— 1 . h . 2 c

move .

Game 3 — Hi gh ly in g enious See Dia gr am p ag e 8

1 . . 1 0 .

Game 3 T he r e was no th in g be tte r fo r Wh i t e threa t ened Q X BP and afterward Q — R 8 h and

— 1 .
, e

R — B 6 ma t e If fo r ins tance 4
.
,

Q — K t4
.
; 4 Q X BP 4 K —Q q ; 43 R X B c h and win Or 1 . . 2 . 2 s s

if 4
.
.

1 .
Q X P ; 4 Q .
X B P 4 K t ; 43 K t t 432 K —Q q ; 44 K t— K t7 c h and wins
,
2 , s . . .

Game 3 — N be tte r was 44 K — B 45 Q X R 45 R X P 4 6 K t— B6 46 R — BS ; 4 7 Q X B h

I . o . . z ; , , , e

4 7 Q X Q ; 48 R x R c h and wins
.
,

. .

Game 3 Simp le bu t ve ry fi ne A fte r th is Wh i te wins with the gr ea tes t ease

— 1 . .
.

—
Game 3 A fo rlo rn h o pe If h oweve r 57 K — B5 ; Wh i t e wins easily by 58 P — R 5 58 K — Kt4
1 .
, .

K
.

B4 e t c
,

59 K t3 59
-
K >< P ; 6 K — , 0 , .

( Contin ued on
p age
1 84 STE I N I T Z G A VI LAN - T S C H I GO R I N PON C E GAME S
- .

GA M E N O . I 7 . GA M E N o . | 8 .

Move 21. R t >< P ch . M ove 22 . R xP ch .

P ag e 1 90 . Pa g 94
e 1 . o

B LA CK—W S T E IN I T Z . . B LA C K—A . G A V IL A N W . ST E I N I T Z .

W H I TE —M . T S C H I GO R I N . WH I TE—A . PO N CE 82: M . T S C H I GO R I N .

GA M E N O . I 9 . GA M E N O . 20 .

Move 3 1 . K —B z . Move 24 . . P— K t5 .

Pa g ‘
e x940 7 '
Pag fi e xc . o

B LACK— A . PO N CE M . T S C H I GO R I N . B LA CK— A . G A V L I AN 8 W : . ST E I N I T Z .

W HITE— A . G A ILAN
V W S T E INI T Z
. . WH I T E fl
A . P ONCE M . T S C H I GO R I N .
1 86 S T E I N I T Z T S C HI GOR I N G A M E S
- .

G am e 14 .

Wl zzte
’

M . T S C H I GO R I N .

W . 81 131 11 1 1 2 .

P xP
—
K R
Q 4
Z1K B2
-
2 02
Q —R 5 eh 2 03
zz —K ts
q 2 04
C)—K 4 2 05t ch
23K -
B2

K K t— Q4 2 O G
2513 t
Kt
ZBR — s q
8
.

R 3
27B —K t 2

S ee D g
ia ram pg
a e 1 80 . 1 See D agi ram pg
a e
 ST E I N IT Z T S C HI GO R I N G A ME S - . 187

Contin ued f rom

p age 1 85 .

P —K B3 ; 1 3 P xP ,(o r 13 B — B
QxP ;
4; 5 B — K3 14 K t—K ts,
5 KK t 14 P xB 1 , 1

P 5 Q—B4 ; 6 Kt—Q6 h 6 K— B q ; 7 Q X P wi th a wi ni g a tt ack

, 1 1 e .
,
1 s . 1 , n n .

Game 5 —N t as g ood as Q—K t4 p layed by Mr T hig i i a sub q uen t g ame

1 . o . sc or n n se .

Game 5 —Black could now h ave ob t ained a grea t su pe io ri t y by 5 B—B4 ; 6 B ><P 6 P

1 . r 1 . . 1 , 1

K
Q 4; 7 Q
t K t3 71B x Q P ; 8 P — K B 4 -
8 B — B,4 h1 ; 9 K — R q 9 P — Q 3 ; e t c 1 , 1 c . 1 s .
,
1 .

Game 5 —E xcel len t p lay T h e a tt ack w h ic h Wh i t e ob tains is q ui te wo rth th e p iece w hic h h e

1 . .

g ives u p .

Game 5 — T h is seems to h ave been the only move t muc h in o de r t o pro tec t th exchan g e
1 . no so r e

as t o preven t o th e r veh emen t att acks If fo r ins tance 9 K t—B ; Kt— B 7 P x P ; K t , , , 1 . . 2 20 ,

20 21

x P K, t t
21 ( o r E x P ; R x B K t ;
— if Q t .
; 3 Q — B 4 e t c — 3 Q22— B ,
22 22 . . . 2 , .
,
2

4 ch ; 3 K —
. K t 2 q ; 4 K t — Q5 and wins ); 3 Q s — B 4. h 3
2 K t— B ; 4 R — K q 4 B — Kt ; 2 o .
,
2 z 2 s .
, 2 2

2 5 R — B 7 and wins .

Game 5 —A ca r eless move He ou ght t h ave p layed K Kt

1 . . o -
2 .

Game 5 —F Wh i t e could now g e t h is K t in to p lay by Kt—K5 h w h ich Black could no t

1 . or 22 e .
,

ven t r e t o capt u re g
u K t— K 5 h Pt ; 3 e R.
— Q3 .
,3 P
22— K R 3 (th e r e is no th in g be tt e r e .
,
22 2 ,
2

as Whit e threatens Q 7 — K c h fo l lowed by R — K t3 4 Q

— K 7 h 4 K — K t3; 5. R — K t3 h 2 e .
,
2 2 c .
,

2 5 K t— K t4 ; 6 P — K R 4 6 R — R ; 7 P — R
2 5 h 7 K — B 4 ; 8 R
, t2 c h wi th an i r esi t i b l e
z 2 e .
, 2 2 . r s

a tt ack
Game 5 — Ag ain careless p lay K —Kt was co rr ec t
1 . . 2 .

Game 5 —L R i t l Aj 1 . j us tly p oin t s ou t th a t Whit e co ld h ave w h e r e by 3 Q—K 8

a ev s a ae
’
ed rez
’
u on 2

ch .
3,
K — Kt2 ; 4 Q
— K 7 h 4 K — K t q ;z 25 K t —K
5 5 t P ; 6 Rc—
Q3 wi th an i
.
,
2 i ti s . 2 ,
2 2 , rres s

ble a tt ack .

Game 5 — T his a ttack is ineffec tive He ou ght t o h ave been sat is fi ed wi th a d raw
1 . . .

Game 5 Com p le tely thr owin g away an im p o rt an t move He eviden tly overlooked th e o pp o
1 .
-
.

n en t t ellin g r e p ly Q— K t4 ch t o w hic h K — R s q was th e bes t answe r f o l l w d by Q x P wo ul d

’
s . . .
, o e

h ave enabled h im t o make a muc h lon g e r fight .

S t e in itz v . T s c h igo rin .

Game 6—T his leaves th e KP weak U suall y P — QKt3 is p layed a t this j unc t ure
1 . .

Game 6 — Q uit e safe now as Wh i t e can main t ain th e c h ain of Pawns by P — QKt4 i r eply t P
1 . n o

K
Q 3t wi th ou t bein g liable t o h ave h is Pawns b r oken u p by P — QR 4 as h e wo ld th en answe r P
‘

, u

QR 3 .

Game 10 e rro r w h ic h cos t s t ime

.
— An .

Game 1 6 — Obviously if P— K t3 Black woul d sac i fi ce th e K t fo r t wo Pawns wi th an i rr esis t ble

. r i

a tt ack .

Game 16 .
— T h e tem p tin g was no t g ood on accoun t of B — K and if
19 . . P —B 5 P— K 20 2, 20 . .

B5 ; 21 B — B3 , 21 Q — K t4 (of cou r se if Q X P ; B — Q4 and wins ); P — K4 wi th th e 21 . 22 22 su

p e r io r g ame .

Game 16 — Clearly bes t fo r h e could no t allow White s K t to en te r at QB 7

.
,
’
.

Game 1 6 — Loss of time

. B — B s q was muc h be tt e r . . .

Game 16 .
— I f 2 3 P — B4
'

,
23 K t— B z ; 24 Bt ,
24 E xB ; 25 R xP, 25 B —K 3 ; 26 QR —Q sq .
,
26

QB X R P wi th th e be tte r g ame .

Game 6 N t g ood He co ld mo r e sa fely p lay 3 fo r if 3 BX K t gf

‘
‘

K t— K 6 eh
’
1 o u 1 B — Q3 ,
‘

p
4
.
-
. . . 2 .
,

3 3 Q X , 33
B B >< P 011 ; 34 K — R sq .
, 34 B— K t6; 3 5 K B— Q B4, 3 5 Q —K s
q ; . e tc .

Game '

16 .
— Black h ad probably con tem plated 35 . . R t ; bu t fo nd on f u

( Con tin ued on

p g
a e 1 89 .
1 88 S TE IN I T Z —T S C H I G O R I N G A ME S .

G ame 0
16
.

W S T E INI T Z
. . M . T S CH I GO R I N .
 ST E I N I T Z GA VILAN - T S C H I GO R I N - PO N C E GAM E S .

G am e 19 .

B K t5c h 2 4 6
-

1l
.

P — B O 3
B —K z
I ZB KR 3
m
la i
B >< P
148 — K 3 %
E xB

Kt— B 3
16Kt —B3
K B2
v —K z

Q Rq
R J i

— K t3
B X Kt ii i Q2
ZUK X B ZUR X P
P— K5 23 8 R xR
21 21
22
X C h . 240
22
3
K Kt2 2 4 1 [ D *
R — R 6 Ch
c
.

K t— B 5 h . P —B 3
t
R >< P -
K t3 24 3
24R sq Z4R _ R
QR —K B sq R ~
K t5
25P
.

Q K t4 2 4 2 Z5Kt— R 4
—
Q K K t4 h c P —K t4
28R esi g ns 26KK t — B 5
.

24 3
D g mp g D g D i gr m p g
.

S ee ia ra a e 1 84 .
1 See ia ram pg
a e 1 84 1 Se e a a a e 1 84
.
 S T E I N I T Z G AV I L A N - T SC H I GO R I N PO N C E
- GA ME S . 191

C O N S U LT A T I O N GA M E S .

P o n c e an d T s c h igo rin v . G av il an an d St ein itz .

ame 8 Com p a re our no tes t o th e 5t and 7th g ames f th e main con te t

(l 1 .
- 1 n 1 o s .

Game 8 —Loss of time T h e Black p art y h ad no th in g t o fear fr om K t—B5 and th ey ou ght t

1 .
,
o

h ave r e tr eat ed B—Q q a t once If th en fo r i s t ance 8 Q—B4 8 K t—R 3 ; 9 K t—B 5 9 P

.

s . .
,
n , 1 , 1 1 , 1

QKt4 ; e t c .

Game 8 —T his g ives Wh i t e a p owe rful a ttack w h ic h was ex tremely di ffi cul t t p arry
1 . o .

Game 8 — Ce rtainly an e rr o r bu t o ly on accoun t of th e mos t in g eniou r ej inde r wh ic h Whit

1 .
,
n s o e

h ad in s t o r e T h e bes t defensive p lan was . K —K1 ; wi th th e pr obable con tinua tion QxB 21 . 2 22

P R — B q ; 3 P — K6 3 P xP ; 4 P — Q7 4 Q xQ ; and Black wil l h ave th ee Pawns fo r th e

,
22 s . 2 , 2 2 ,
2 r

p iece wi th a g ood g ame Bu t P — KKt4 was also f no acc un t of Q— B4 h 21 o u se o n o 22 e 22

K—B q ; 3 Kt—B5 3 P xP ; 4 Q—K4 4 B—B3 ; 5 Kt—B4 e t c

. .
. .
,

s . 2 , 2 2 , 2 2 ,
.

Game 8 — A will be seen from ou r analysis this sac ri fi ce as dee p as i t is beau tif l and f o rms
1 . s , 13 u

one of the fine t ins tances of b ri llian t co mbina tion p lay See Dia gr am p a g e 84
s . 1 .

24 1 Game 8 —I f 1 3 Qx . P h 3 K — K t ; 4 R —
22 K B s q 4 R — K t s q (o r P 2 e , 2 z 2 . 2

h
. . . . . .

K
Q t4 ; 25 —
Q B7 e .
,
25 K—R 3 ; 26 Kt—B5 eh .
, 26P t ; 27R P
x , 7
2 B — Kt4 ; 2 8 P KR 4 an d

wins O r if 4 B t
.
;
—
Q Q4 h 2 5 K— Kt q2 . . . 25 c .
,
s . 2 6 Q— QB4 ch , 2 6 K—K tz ; . 27 R — B7
c h and wins); 5 Q Q4
. 2 eh , 2 5 K— R 3 ; 2 6 R — B 7 , 2 6 B —K t4 ( . or P— KKt4 ; 7 Q—K4 7 . . 2 , 2

R —K t3 — if 2 7 Pt ; 2 8 Qx P t R 7 eh , R —
. B5 . a . followed by c h and Q— R 5 m at e
. 8 R xP 2

eh 2 8 K x R ; 2 9 Q X R c h , 2 9 K —R sq ; 30 Kt—B5
.
,
w ); . . and ins 27 —
Q Kt4 , 27 Q xP ; 28 Kb —Bs
eh 28 P t
.
,
2 —
; 9 Q R3 h c and wins . .

Game 8 — T h e Black allies mi ght h ave omew h a t prol n g d th e g ame by 5 K—R 3 ; w hen
1 . s o e 2 . .

th e g ame mi ght h ave pr oceeded 6 Q B5 6 P— Kt4 ; 7 Q xP 7 R — Kt4 ; 8 R x R 8 E x R ; : 2 -

, 2 2 ,
2 2 , 2

29 R — B 6 h 9 X ; 3 QX
B R B h 3 K —R 4; 3
e P —K R 3 and ma t e nex t move
.
,
2 0 c .
,
0 1 s .

243 . Game 8 —N oth i g t be done fo r White wil l proc ed with R —B8

1 . n o e .

G av il an an d S te in itz v. P o n c e an d T s c h igo rin .

244 . Game 19 .
—I f 6 . . PXP; 7 —
Q Kt3 ,
—
7 Q K2 ; 8 Q x P ( 8 B >< P eh .
,
8 Q xB ; 9
Q x P , 9 P B3 ; -
10

QXR ollowed by K t —B3 would be bad fo r Wh i te ) 8

,
10 B -
Q3 ; f Bx , . .
—
Q K ts eh ; 9 Q xQ, 9 .

Q ; h c B — Q wi th th e be tte r g ame
. 10 2 .

Game 9 — P—K 6 P X P ; P xP P—K4 ; K t— B3 we r e fa r sup erio r

1 . 10 ,
10 11 ,
11 12 .

Game 9 —T preven t ei th e r of th e adve rse K ni ght s fr om en t e r in g a t QB3 w h ic h would h ave

1 . o ,

been inconvenien t as Wh ite h ad to advance the KP soone r o r la te r d h is Q4 s quar e would fo rm

, ,
an

a convenien t p os t fo r th e adve r se K t .

Game 9 — S far th e Whit a ui h ad s til l th e b tt er g ame bu t th ey lose time h e r e f

'

24 7 1 o K— Q e es e or z

wi th th e view of supp o rt in g th e Pawns on the Kin g s side by K—K3 was muc h su p e ri o r

. .
, ,
’
,
;

Game 9 — T h W hi t e allies in j udiciou ly tr y t o main t ain th e attack th e Kin g s id whi h

l

24 8 . 1 . e s on
’
s e c

coul d no t be well enou gh suppo rted since Black aft e r removin g th e R coul d a t least fl t the ex , e
'

ec

ch an g e f th e adve r se B fo r th e K t by K t— R 4 in case Wh i t e advanced th e BP R — K t s q wi th

o . .

th e view of advancin g th e Pawns on th e Q ueen s side as was done la te r g ave mo re pr os pec t f ’

, s o

success fo r Whi t e s g ame ’

.

24 9 . Game 9 —11 8 P—QB4 ; 9 P—R 4 9 K t— Q5 ; 3 R —Kt5 3 P— Kt3 ; 3 P—R 5 wi th a

1 . 2 . . 2 ,
2 0 , 0 1

g ood game .

( Continued on
p g 1
a e
9 2 .
 92 ST E I N IT Z GAVI LA N - T S C H I GO R I N - PO N C E G A ME S .

Con tin ued f rom p age 1

9 1 .
b

2 50 . Game 9 — I t was of no use tryi g t o escap e th e d raw by K— Q3 fo r afte r 3

1 .

Q K t— B5 h n 1 . e ;
Whi te co ld no t re trea t 3 K— Q on accoun t of 3
, .

u K t—Q 5 ; 33 R — K q 3 3 QKt
2
; 34 K t
2 2 . s .
,

)( Kt 3 4 K t >< P c h and wins

,
See Dia gr am p a g e . .

2 51 . Game 9 — Best If 3 K— K t q 3 R — K t7 h ; 33 K—B s q (o r 33 K—R q 33 KtX B W i th

1 . . 2 s .
,
2 e . . s

a su re d raw a t leas t and a g ood prosp e t of winnin g ) 33 Kt—Kt4 th rea tenin g K t—R 6 wi th an c , . .

excellen t attack .

P o n c e an d T s c h ig o rin v . G av il an an d S t e in itz .

252 . Game devia tion fr om th e cour se ado pted in the main con tes t be tween Messrs S tei it and
20 .
—A . n z
T h ig i w h ic h h oweve r mi ght only lead t o a tr ansp osi t ion in th e o rde r of moves
sc or n , , .

253 . Game —Fo r we thi k th a t Whi te mi ght h ave proceeded wi th 8 Q— R 4 wi th th e iew of d a

20 . n V a v nc
in g P—Q5 t o w hich Kt— R 4 would no t be a g o d re ply as Whi t e would th en re trea t B—Q3 fol o

lowed by P— B4 a d B—Q Wh e eas if 8 P xP ; 9 P— K5 9 Q— K t3 ; P xP K t>< P ;

,

n z . r . .
, 10 , 10 11

Kt t Bt ;
, B ><
11 P h Q x B ; 3 Q x B 3 K t12K ; 4 B — R 3 4 Cac t les ; 5
. K t
,
— B3 12 1 , 1 -
2 1 ,
1 s 1 ,

1 5 R —K
q ; 6 B t s 6 QX B.
7 Q R1 —
Q q wi th a fi ne g ame ,fo r
1 if 7 P — B3 ; 8 Kt : 1 s .
, , 1 . . 1

K4 8 Q xP ; 9 K t— Q 6 and wins
,
1 1 .

254 . Game — W believe th at Black could also safely p lay 8 P—Q3 ; a d if 9 QB— KKt5 9 Q
20 . e . . n ,

K t3 ; P xP 10P xP ; K t >< P ,Qx ;B 1o K t >< P Q — R s; 3 t K11 3 K t— B3 thr eat en ,

11 12 ,
12 o
1 , 1 .

in g K t— K 5 with an excellen t attack t .

255 . Game —Black h as now sli ghtly th e advan tag e owin g t h is p p rt uni ty of fo rcin g an o p e fil
20 o o o n e

fo r h is R b y P — K B3 .

Game .— E i th e r R t o K s q would h ave been of no use Wh i te could well answe r Kt—Q7

20 . as .

Game — Th e Black allies t ake th ei r ch ance of an im m diat e Ki g s side a ttack bu t we belie e

20 . s e n
’
v

th a t Q — Q B3 was mo r e su e t o g ive th em th e bes t of th e g ame T hey mi ght h ave the con tinued
r . n

B — R 4 w h ic h ei th e r fo r ced th e QB P w he re p n Black would a g ain r e treat th e B and then fi x on , u o

th ei r B a t Q 5 o r Black s QR wo ld ob tain fr ee p sse sion of th e Op en Q fi le i case Wh i t e defended

,
’
u o s ,
n

th e QE F wi th one of their R ooks .

258 . Game — T h is was w ron g T h ey ou ght t o h ave r e tr eated B —K follow d by K— R q and

20 . . 2 e s .
,

th ou gh Black would h ave won th e K BP by doubli g R ooks i t would h ave bee very d iffi c l t a t leas t n n u

if no t im p ossible fo r th em t o fo rce th e g ame accou t of th e Bisho p s bein g of pposi t e colo r s on n o .

259 . Game —T his g ives th e o pp onen t an o pp o rt uni ty f ins ti t u tin g an i rr esistible a tt ack 4 K—R
20 . s o , 2

s q was by far b tte r fo r if 4 P—Kt5 5 B— K 5 B >< P (o r 5 R x KP ; 6 P —B3

. e ,
2 ,
2 2, 2 2 . . 2 ,

—
. .

2 6 P — K t3 6 Q—R 3 (if 6 , R xP
2 7 K — K t and wins ) 7 Q Q5
; 2(bu t no
.
t 7 P x R .
on a 2 z 2 2 c

coun t f th e rep ly 7 B— Kt6 e tc ) and ou ght to d r aw

o ,
2 . .
, . .

2 60 . Game — T h is fo rces th e g ame and i t wil l be easily no ticed th a t Whit e s r ep l ies t o th e end ar e
20 .
,
’

all com p ulso ry See Dia gr am p a g e 84 . 1 .

2 61 . Game — I f 5 B >< P 5 R (K t s q ) X B ; 6 P X R 6 R X BP 7 R X R ; 8 O X R h 8 K
20 . 2 ,
2 . 2 ,
2 2 2 c .
,
2

moves 8 Q— R 5 mat e,
2 .

Game — O f cou r se if P x P th en R x B
20 . .

Game — Bo th p arties we re h e re much pr essed fo r tim e and relieved themselves by p t ti

'

20 .
,
re e l on

moves
Game — Fo r if K X R th en Q—R 7 c h and Q X P mate
.

2 64 . 20 . . .