Cpa 2015 PDF

(NBAA)
THE NATIONAL BOARD OF ACCOUNTANTS AND AUDITORS

TANZANIA
EXAMINERS’ AND PERFORMANCE REPORT
82ND EXAMINATION SESSION – NOVEMBER 2015
NBAA, Telephones: (022) 2211890-9

Mhasibu House, Mobile: 0713 320423
Bibi Titi Mohamed Street, Fax: (022) 2151746
P.O. Box 5128, Email: info@nbaa-tz.org
Dar es Salaam, Website: www.nbaa-tz.org
Tanzania.
22ND DECEMBER 2015

TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
Foreword & Acknowledgement ……………………………………… (i)
Executive Summary of 82nd Examination session …………………... (vi)
CHAPTER 1 Analysis of Candidates‟ Performance in the 82nd Examination 1

Session
CHAPTER II Performance Evaluation Subject-Wise …………………..................... 4

 Accounting Technician Examination Level I ……….................. 4
 Accounting Technician Examination Level II …………………. 18
 Foundation Level ………………………………… 32
 Intermediate Level …………………….................. 51
 Final Level ……………………………………….. 85
CHAPTER III Examiners‟ Recommendations to Tutors & Students ………………... 107
CHAPTER IV Institutional Performance Evaluation ………………………………... 115
CHAPTER V Accounting Manpower Created by the Board up to November 2015 129
CHAPTER VI The
TheNBAA
NBAASpecial
SpecialAwards
AwardsProgramme
Programmefor
forCandidates
Candidateswith
with
Meritorious
MeritoriousExamination
ExaminationAchievements
Achievements…………….........................
……………......................... 133
133
FOREWORD AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
________________
The phased out syllabi were tested for the first time in 2008. According to the Board‟s
Examination and Training By-laws, there is a requirement to review the syllabi for both
Accounting Technician and Professional examination schemes after every five years. The
current syllabi which have been tested for the third time this session were launched on 2nd
June 2014. These syllabi are different from the phased out ones. One of the major differences
is the outcome and results objectives of the syllabi. The current syllabi have been developed
in terms of competence based as opposed to knowledge (contents) based approach.
It should be noted that courses and programmes which were reflected in the former syllabi
concentrated on the gaining of knowledge and theory and somehow neglected performance
issues.
The move from the old syllabi has been heavily influenced by the changing environment,
demand by employers and business practices.
The introduction of competence based syllabi came up with fewer subjects: The Accounting
Technician Level has eight subjects as opposed to the phased out syllabus which had nine
subjects while the Professional syllabus has fifteen instead of twenty subjects.
The revised Accounting Technician syllabus continued to maintain a two level structure of
four subjects in each level; ATEC I and ATEC II as detailed below.
Code Name
Accounting Technician Level I
T01 Book keeping and Accounts
T02 Elements of Business Maths & Statistics
T03 Introduction to Information and Communication Technology
T.04 Business Communication Skills
Accounting Technician Level II

T.05 Principles of Accounting and Auditing
T.06 Elements of Cost Accounting and Procurement
T.07 Elements of Commercial Knowledge and Taxation
T.08 Accounting for Public Sector and Cooperatives
The Professional Examination Scheme also maintained a three level structure:
(i) Foundation (Knowledge and Skills Level), having five subjects,
(ii) Intermediate (Skills and Analysis in Context Level), having six subjects, and
(iii) Final (Professional Analysis, Application and Evaluation Level), having four subjects.
i
In total the Professional Examination Scheme have 15 instead 20 subjects in the phased out
scheme as shown hereunder:
Foundation (Knowledge and Skills Level)
Exam Subject Name
Code
A1 Quantitative Techniques
A2 Business and Management
A3 Accounting
A4 Business Information
A5 Business Law
Intermediate (Skills and Analysis in Context Level)

Exam Subject Name
Code
B1 Financial Management
B2 Financial Accounting
B3 Auditing Principles and Practice
B4 Public Finance and Taxation I
B5 Performance Management
B6 Management, Governance and Ethics
Final (Professional Analysis, Application and Evaluation Level)

Exam Subject Name
Code
C1 Corporate Reporting
C2 Auditing and Assurance Services
C3 Business and Corporate Finance
C4 Public Finance and Taxation II
Implementation of the new syllabi

The development of the new syllabi has led to significant impact to the whole system of
examination and training services as a result other areas were required to be reviewed in order to
be in line with the new syllabi. For effective implementation of these new syllabi the following
areas have been reviewed:
(a) Review of Examination and Training By-laws to reflect the new syllabi
The Board has been forced to review the Examination and Training By-laws. The revised
Examination and Training by-laws has included among others the following provisions:-
 Retaining of a passed grade in an examination, „pass one and keep one‟
 Exemption granted on subject to subject basis in the Accounting Technician and
Foundation levels
 A requirement for any foreign qualification to do CPA examination papers on law
and taxation, save for the East African Community Countries‟ professional
qualifications which their requirement have been provided in a Mutual
Recognition Agreement (MRA)
ii
 Sanctions and penalties (to cover everybody associated with examination
procedures)
 Examination rules and procedures
 Establishment of Examination Disciplinary Committee
(b) Conversion Scheme

For effective implementation of the new syllabi the Board has prepared a conversion
scheme which shows how candidates under the existing syllabi are transferred to the
revised examination scheme and syllabi.
The scheme aims at ensuring that candidates under the current examination scheme are
fairly placed in the revised syllabi by considering the subject papers that have already
been passed so that they can get exemption (a credit) on them.
(c) Exemption Policy

The Board has also reviewed its exemption policy in order to suit the demands of the
new syllabi. Under the previous examination scheme and syllabi, the exemption policy
generally considered exemptions on the basis of subject to subject. This applies from
Accounting Technician Level I up to Foundation Stage. This means that holders of
various qualifications are granted exemption in those papers which they have
demonstrated a sufficient coverage of course content in their respective previous
programmes. Exemption is not granted at the intermediate (skills and analysis) level and
final (professional analysis, application and evaluation) level.
(d) Learning Materials: For effective implementation of the new syllabi NBAA has
introduced learning materials for each subject. A candidate who applies for the
examination for the first time is provided with a package of learning materials for the
respective subject(s). This has been taken as one way of improving candidates‟
performance in the Board‟s examinations. Although candidates are supposed to also read
other books, the learning materials that have been prepared are used to guide and give
them a direct focus on what ought to be covered in a respective subject.
ACCOUNTING MANPOWER
Since the inception of the Accounting Technician examinations the Board has been able to
produce 13,861 Accounting Technicians. This category of Accounting Technicians covers 3,607
Accounting Technicians Certificate (ATEC) graduates, 2,971 Basic Book-keeping Certificate
(BBC) graduates, 5,746 National Book-keeping Certificate (NABOCE) graduates and 1,537
National Accountancy Diploma (NAD) graduates.
The Board has also been able to produce 6,885 CPA (T) graduates since it started conducting
these examinations in May, 1975. In total, the Board has been able to produce 20,746 accounting
personnel (manpower) of different levels and categories serving both in public and private sectors
inside and outside Tanzania.
iii
EXAMINATION CENTRES
During the 82nd examination session, examinations were held in 11examination centres located in
Tanzania Mainland and Zanzibar. These centres accommodated 5,679 candidates sitting at
different levels of the Board‟s examinations. The examination centres were as shown here below:
Dar Es Salaam Centres

1. Patel Brotherhood
2. Sabasaba Grounds
3. Lamada Hotel Ltd
Upcountry centres
1. Arusha- Institute of Accountancy Arusha (IAA)
2. Dodoma- CBE – College of Business Education
3. Kilimanjaro -Young Men Christian Association (YMCA) Moshi
4. Mbeya- Mkapa Conference Centre
5. Morogoro- CCT Women‟s Training Centre
6. Mwanza- Gold Crest Hotel
7. Tanga- St. Joseph‟s Commercial School (SJCS) – Tanga
8. Zanzibar- Chuo cha Elimu Mbadala - Zanzibar
OBJECTIVES OF THE REPORT

The Report is intended to avail to trainers and candidates, the examinations‟ overall general
performance, specific areas of weaknesses and suggestions for improvement. It is an important
guide to candidates as well as trainers, setters, markers and moderators of the Board‟s future
examinations.
Analysis of the examination performance is presented in Table 5 of this report while a detailed
analysis indicating the performance of candidates registered by the recognized Tuition Providers
is shown in Tables 15.1 to 15.5 of the report. Comments and observations in the Examiners' and
Performance Report are supported by relevant statistical analysis of the candidates' performance
in each examination layer.
The last chapter of the Report comprises a list of prizes offered by NBAA and other award donor
institutions. These prizes will be awarded to candidates who have excelled in their examinations
during the graduation ceremony to be held in October 2016.
iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
On behalf of the Board and on my own behalf, I wish to convey my very sincere appreciation to
all persons who willingly supported the Board in this demanding professional task. I am indeed
particularly thankful to the Board‟s Examiners, Markers, Invigilators, the Board‟s Secretariat, the
Education and Publications Committee and the Governing Board for their much appreciated co-
operation during the whole process of the NBAA‟s 82nd examination session.
Once again, I would like to reiterate that the Examiners' Report is prepared to help trainers and
the Board‟s candidates to improve on their future performance by learning from previous
mistakes. I, therefore, call upon readers of this Report to come up with constructive suggestions
on how to improve further the examination process and reports arising therein.
Yours sincerely,
Pius A. Maneno
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
v
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY TO THE 82nd EXAMINATION SESSION – NOVEMBER 2015
1.0 PREAMBLE:
The Board conducts its examinations twice in a year during the months of May and
November. This session is the 82nd examination session in which the examinations were
conducted from Tuesday 3rd to Friday 6th November 2015.
There were 6,404 candidates who applied for the examinations, out of whom 725 (11.3%)
were absent, 5,679 sat for the examinations at different levels. The candidature
distribution this session is as shown below:
EXAMINATION CANDIDATES CANDIDATES % CANDIDATES %

LEVELS APPLIED ABSENT SAT
TECHNICIAN LEVELS
120 9 7.5 111 92.5
ATEC I:
ATEC II: 145 11 7.6 134 92.4
PROFESSIONAL LEVELS
Foundation 407 43 10.6 364 89.4
Intermediate 3,617 503 13.9 3,114 86.1
Final 2,115 159 7.6 1,956 92.5
TOTALS 6,404 725 11.3 5,679 88.7
vi
2.0 TREND OF THE EXAMINATION CANDIDATURE
2.1 Candidature Exam Sitting
Candidature enrolment this session has slightly decreased by 107 candidates
(1.9%) compared with the November 2014 examination session. There were
5,679 candidates who sat for the November 2015 examinations against 5,786
candidates who sat for the November 2014 examinations.
Table 1 and Graph 1 show candidature trend (candidates who sat for the
examinations) for the six examination sessions: May 2013 to November 2015.
Table 1
EXAMINATION CANDIDATURE TREND FOR THE PRECEDING SIX EXAMINATION
SESSIONS MAY 2013 TO NOVEMBER 2015
ATEC ATEC FOUNDATION INTERMEDIATE FINAL

EXAMINATION I II TOTAL
A B C D E F
77th Session May, 2013 125 142 61 93 168 108 2,048 1,297 4,042
78th Session November, 2013 111 162 59 125 168 83 2,556 1,487 4,751
79th Session May, 2014 83 161 68 85 174 90 2,109 1625 4,395
80th Session November, 2014 159 125 372 3,109 2,021 5,786
81st Session May, 2015 159 119 365 3,163 2,011 5,817
82nd Session November, 2015 111 134 364 3,114 1956 5,679
vii
2.2 Candidature Distribution – November 2015
Candidature distribution for the November 2015 examination session shows that majority
of the candidates who sat for these examinations were in the Intermediate level
examinations.
The Chart below shows the candidature distribution
Candidature Distribution – November 2015
ATEC I , 111, 2%
ATEC II , 134, 2%
FINAL, 1,956, 35%

FOUNDATION, 364, 6%
ATEC I
ATEC II
FOUNDATION
INTERMEDIATE
FINAL
INTERMEDIATE,
3,114, 55%
Candidature in Intermediate level is highest as most of the candidates who enrol at this
level are those who have completed a three years‟ bachelor degree programme or its
equivalent in accounting and enjoy exemptions to sit for the Intermediate Level
examinations. Currently, the Board has recognized 19 accountancy training institutions
whose programmes enjoy such exemption. A tertiary institution which offers bachelor
degree courses related to accountancy courses has to apply to NBAA for its graduands to
be given exemption in the Board‟s examinations.
Furthermore, majority of the candidates at this level were those who sat for B5-
Performance Management subject who were referred in P19 Management Accounting in
the previous syllabus. Out of 3,114 candidates who sat for the Intermediate Level
examinations 2,783 (89.4%) sat for Performance Management subject.
viii
3.0 EXAMINATION PERFORMANCE
3.1 Pass rates for examination levels tested in November 2015
Table 2 (i) below shows pass rates in November 2015 examination session
EXAMINATION LEVEL NUMBER OF PASSES PERCENTAGE
ATEC I
Passed 31 27.9
Part passed 41 36.9
ATEC II
Passed 37 27.6
Part passed 49 36.6
FOUNDATION
Passed 152 41.8
Part passed 133 36.5
INTERMEDIATE
Passed 426 13.7
Part passed 1,050 37.7
FINAL
Passed 167 8.5
Part passed 594 30.4
TOTAL PASSES
Passed 813 14.3
Part passed 1,867 32.9
NOTE:
Among the candidates who passed Intermediate and Final Levels there were two (02)
candidates with foreign qualifications.
Table (ii) below shows number of candidates with foreign CPA equivalent
qualification who sat and cleared the subjects with local contents
Subject Number of entries
A5 Business Law 00
B4 Public Finance and Taxation I 01
C4 Public Finance and Taxation II 02
These candidates are eligible for the award of letters of success and certificates to enable
them register as NBAA members.
ix
3.2 Examination Performance by Gender:
Examination performance by gender in the five examination levels is as indicated on Table 3 below:
Passes Partial Passes Failures Total

Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total
No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. % No. %
ATEC Level I 23 74 8 26 31 100 25 61 16 39 41 100 16 41 39 100 16 41% 71 64 40 36 111 100
ATEC Level II 20 54 17 46 37 100 30 61 19 39 49 100 21 44 48 100 21 44% 77 57 57 43 134 100
Foundation
105 69 47 31 152 100 82 62 51 38 133 100 42 53 79 100 42 53% 224 62 140 38 364 100
Level
Intermediate
286 67 140 33 426 100 625 60 425 40 1050 100 582 36 1638 100 582 36% 1967 63 1147 37 3114 100
Level
Final Level 97 58 70 42 167 100 383 64 211 36 594 100 417 35 1195 100 417 35% 1258 64 698 36 1956 100
TOTAL 531 65 282 35 813 100 1145 61 722 39 1867 100 1078 36 2999 100 1078 36% 3597 63 2082 37 5679 100
x
CHAPTER I
ANALYSIS OF CANDIDATES’ PERFORMANCE IN THE
OVERALL CANDIDATES' PERFORMANCE

During the 82nd examination session 6,404 candidates were registered for the Board‟s
examinations held in November, 2015, out of whom 725 (11.3%) candidates were absent from the
examinations, 5,679 candidates sat for the examinations. Of the 5,679 candidates who sat for the
examinations, 813 (14.3%) candidates passed while 1,867 (32.9%) candidates part passed and a
total of 2,999 (52.8%) candidates failed the examinations. (See Table 5 on page 3).
ACCOUNTING TECHNICIAN CERTIFICATE (ATEC) - LEVEL I

The November 2015 examination session was the 3rd session since the review of the examinations
structure and syllabi of ATEC. 120 candidates registered themselves for the examination. 9
(7.5%) candidates were absent. 111 candidates sat for the examination, out of whom 31 (27.9%)
passed hence becoming eligible for a STATEMENT OF SUCCESS at this level. 41 (36.9%)
candidates are part passed while a total of 39 (35.1%) candidates failed the examination. (See
Table 5 on page3).
ACCOUNTING TECHNICIAN CERTIFICATE (ATEC) - LEVEL II
The Accounting Technician examinations consist of four subjects. These subjects were tested for
the third time this session following the review of the examination structure and syllabi.
In this examination, 145 candidates registered themselves for the examination out of whom 11
(7.6%) candidates were absent. Of the 134 candidates who wrote the examination, 37 (27.6%)
candidates passed hence becoming eligible for a STATEMENT OF SUCCESS at this level. 49
(36.6%) candidates have part passed while a total of 48 (35.8%) candidates failed the
examination. (See Table 5 on page3).
FOUNDATION LEVEL
The Foundation Level examinations consist of five subjects. These subjects were tested for the
third time this session following the review of the examination structure and syllabi.
In this examination, 407 candidates registered themselves for the examination out of whom 43
(10.6%) candidates were absent. Of the 364 candidates who wrote the examination, 152 (41.8%)
candidates passed hence becoming eligible for a STATEMENT OF SUCCESS at this level. 133
(36.5%) candidates have part passed while a total of 79 (21.7%) candidates failed the
examination. (See Table 5 on page3).
1
INTERMEDIATE LEVEL
The Intermediate Level examinations consist of six subjects. As with the Foundation Level
examinations, these subjects were tested for the second time this session following the review of
the examination structure.
In this examination, 3,617 candidates registered themselves out of whom 503 (13.9%) candidates
were absent. Of the 3,114 candidates who wrote the examination, 426 (13.7 %) candidates passed
hence becoming eligible for a STATEMENT OF SUCCESS at this level. 1050 (33.7%)
candidates have part passed while a total of 1,638 (52.6%) candidates failed the examination.
(See Table 5 on page3).
FINAL LEVEL
The Final Level examinations consist of four subjects. These examinations were tested for the
second time following review of the examination structure.
In this examination, 2,115 candidates registered themselves for Final Level examinations, out of
whom 159 (7.5%) candidates were absent. Of the 1,956 candidates who wrote the examination,
167 (8.5%) candidates passed, hence becoming eligible for a STATEMENT OF SUCCESS at
this Level. 594 (30.4%) candidates have part passed while a total of 1,195 (61.1%) candidates
failed the examination. (See Table 5 on page3).
CANDIDATES QUALIFYING FOR THE PROFESSIONAL CERTIFICATE OF COMPLETION
In this examination session, 42 candidates qualify for the certificate of completion of the ATEC
programme, comprising 18 (42.9%) female candidates and 24 (57.1%) male candidates.
The breakdown of the 42 candidates qualifying for the Accounting Technician Certificate:
 08 (19.1%) passed T03 subject in ATEC I while they had already cleared ATEC II
examination papers in the previous examination sessions
 03 (7.1%) have passed both T03 subject and ATEC II examinations
 31 (73.8%) passed ATEC II examinations this session
On the other hand 270 candidates qualify for the certificate of completion of the CPA programme,
comprising 54 (20.0%) female candidates and 216 (80.0%) male candidates.
The breakdown of the 270 candidates qualifying for the CPA (T):
 36 (13.3%) passed both Intermediate and Final Level examinations
 143 (53.0%) have passed Intermediate Level. These were the ones who had remained
with one subject.
 91 (33.7%) passed Final Level examinations this session
2
TABLE 5
GENERAL STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF EXAMINATION RESULTS

EXAMINATION ATEC I ATEC II FOUNDATION INTERMEDIATE FINAL TOTAL
NO. % NO. % NO % NO. % NO % NO. %
ENTRIES 120 100 145 100 407 100 3617 100 2115 100 6404 100
ABSENTEES 9 7.5 11 7.6 43 10.6 503 13.9 159 7.6 725 11.3
CANDIDATES WHO 111 92.5 134 92.4 364 89.4 3114 86.1 1956 92.4 5679 88.7
SAT
PART PASSED 41 36.9 49 36.6 133 36.5 1050 33.7 594 30.4 1867 32.9
PASSED 31 27.9 37 27.6 152 41.8 426 13.7 167 8.5 813 14.3
FAILURES 39 35.1 48 35.8 79 21.7 1638 52.6 1195 61.1 2999 52.8
TOTAL 111 100 134 100 364 100 3114 100 1956 100 5679 100
3
CHAPTER II
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION SUBJECT-WISE
INTRODUCTION
This chapter provides a detailed analysis of performance of candidates in each subject
at each level of the Board‟s examinations. General evaluation and assessment of
candidates‟ performance at each level and specific assessment of candidates in each
topic examined is analyzed. The Board hopes that this Report will provide necessary
guidance to trainers and students for the better results in the Board‟s future
examinations.
The November 2015 examination is the third examination session under the revised
examination scheme and syllabi. The scheme has a two tier system of five different
levels: two at the Accounting Technician level and three at the Professional level.
A total of 23 examination papers were attempted this session as detailed hereunder:
(a) Accounting Technician Level I with four papers;

(b) Accounting Technician Level II with four papers;
(c) The Foundation Level with five papers;
(d) The Intermediate Level with six papers;
(e) The Final Level with four papers
ACCOUNTING TECHNICIAN LEVEL I
GENERAL PERFORMANCE
111 candidates sat for the ATEC I examinations. The performance indicates that 31
(27.9%) candidates passed and therefore become eligible for the STATEMENT OF
SUCCESS FOR ATEC I. 41 (36.9%) candidates have passed some of the subjects in
this level while 39 (35.1%) candidates failed the examinations.
The general performance subject-wise is as shown in Table 6.1 below:
TABLE 6.1
ATEC I SUBJECT-WISE PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS
Performance
Paper Subject November 2014 May 2015 November 2015
Code
Entries Pass % Entries Pass % Entries Pass %
T.01 Book keeping and Accounts 53 41 77.4 72 51 70.8 55 40 72.7

Elements of Business Maths and
T.02 70 43 61.4 81 45 55.6 70 12 17.1
Statistics
Introduction to Information and
T.03 Communication Technology 156 73 46.8 148 82 55.4 96 53 55.2
Business Communication Skills
T.04 54 34 62.9
71 55 77.5 60 41 68.3
4
GENERAL COMMENTS
T.01 - BOOK-KEEPING AND ACCOUNTS
I: PRINCIPAL LEARNING OUTCOME

Principal learning outcome of this paper is to enable candidates to apply
knowledge of Book keeping and Accounts for recording, posting business
transactions in the book of accounts and preparation of accounting statement in
private and public sector accounts.
II: STRUCTURE OF THE PAPER
The paper comprised of three questions whereby candidates were required to
answer all questions. Question one was an objective question which carried 60%.
III: TOPICS EXAMINED AND CANDIDATES’ PERFORMANCE
QUESTION 1: VARIOUS TOPICS - MULTIPLE CHOICES

Candidates were required to:-
(a) Choose the correct answers among the given four alternatives.
(b) Write whether the given statements were true or wrong
(c) Match the given set of phrases
Candidates‟ performance in this question was satisfactory. Out of 55
candidates who answered the question, 47 (85.5%) candidates passed
while the remaining 8 (14.5%) candidates failed. Out of those who
passed 29 (52.7%), 14 (25.5%) and 04 (7.3%) candidates scored pass,
credit and distinction marks respectively
There were no major weaknesses noted in this question.
QUESTION 2: A. PREPARATION OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

B. PREPARATION OF A TRIAL BALANCE
Candidates were required to use the given information to:
(a) Journalize transactions with narratives
(b) Open ledger accounts (T-accounts)
(c) Prepare a statement of profit or loss
(d) Prepare the trial balance for the given period
Candidates‟ performance in this question was not satisfactory. Out of 55
candidates who answered the question only 24 (43.6%) candidates
passed while the remaining 31 (56.4%) candidates failed. Out of those
who passed 18 (32.7%) and 06 (10.9%) candidates scored pass and
credit marks respectively. No candidate scored distinction marks in this
question.
5
Most candidates failed to recognise the nature of double entry system in
journalising the transactions and subsequently use the same transactions
with the opening balances given to close the T-accounts.
QUESTION 3: A. ACCOUNTING EQUATION AND PRINCIPLE OF DOUBLE

ENTRY
B. PREPARATION OF CASH BOOK AND PETTY CASH
Candidates were required to use the provided information to:-

(a) (i) Define an accounting cycle.
(ii) List the steps in accounting cycle.
(b) Compute capital for the given new business.
(c) Prepare a three column cash book at a given month.
passed 19 (34.5%) and 05 (9.5%) candidates scored pass and credit
marks respectively. No candidate scored distinction marks in this
question.
Some candidates seem to know the answer but encounter difficulties in

giving appropriate explanations.
6
IV: GENERAL OBSERVATIONS
(a) Assessment of the paper
The panel of examiners observed that the questions were clear and fair.
Also they commented that the Paper was of the standard and rigour required
and could be answered within the allocated time.
(b) Candidates’ overall performance

Candidates‟ performance in this paper was satisfactory. Out of 55
candidates who answered the examination, 40 (72.7%) candidates passed
while the remaining 15 (27.3%) candidates failed. Out of those who passed
33 (60.0%), 06 (10.9%) and 01 (1.8%) candidates scored pass, credit and
distinction marks respectively
The over-all candidates‟ performance in the subject is as shown in table 6.1.1
below:
TABLE 6.1.1
T01 – CANDIDATES’ PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS
Classification of Marks 0-49 50-69 70-79 80-100 TOTAL

No. of Candidates (Frequency) 15 33 06 01 55
Percentage 27.3 60.0 10.9 1.8 100
TABLE 6.1.2
T.01. COMPARISON OF PASS RATE WITH NOVEMBER 2014 EXAMINATIONS
November 2014 November 2015 % decrease
No. of candidates passed % No. of candidates %
passed
41 77.4 40 72.7 4.7
7
T.02 - ELEMENTS OF BUSINESS MATHEMATICS AND STATISTICS
The principal learning outcome of this paper is to build basic skills in the
collection, processing, presentation and interpretation of simple numerical and
statistical knowledge and skills as a tool of learning and understanding related
subjects at higher levels.

The paper comprised of four questions whereby candidates were required to
Candidates were tested on the following topics:
QUESTION 1: MULTIPLECHOICE – VARIOUS TOPICS

Candidates were required to choose the correct answers from the given
alternatives.
who passed 23 (32.8%) and 02 (2.9%) candidates scored pass and credit
question
Most candidates failed in computation of series, probability, harmonic
mean, percentages, making linear equation, and determination of slope.
QUESTION 2: A. ELEMENTARY MATHEMATICS

B. MATHEMATICS OF FINANCE

(a) (i) Calculate percentage annual decrease from the given
information.
(ii) Estimate the year in which there will be 5,000 given animals
left.
(b) Find time for doing a combined job between a man and a child.
(c) Find the price that will materialize to the given profit rate.
Candidates‟ performance in this question was not satisfactory as all 70
candidates who answered the question failed.
Most candidates could not identify a formula to use (diminishing balance
formula). In addition, they failed to apply the actions and proportions
knowledge to solve the question.
8
QUESTION 3: A. PERMUTATION AND CONTRIBUTION
B. BASIC ARITHMETIC
C. ELEMENTARY MATHEMATICS
D. EQUATIONS AND INEQUALITIES
Candidates were required to:
(a) Determine ways that committee can be formed based on the given
statement.
(b) Find the sum of all natural numbers which are divisible by 7 at a
given range.
(c) Calculate the length of each piece based on the given statement.
(d) Show that if  and β are the roots of the given equation, then the
quadratic equation whose roots are 2, β2 is given by another
equation.
candidates who answered the question only 05 (7.1%) candidates scored
pass marks while the remaining 65 (92.9%) candidates failed. There
were neither credit nor distinction marks in this question.
With reference to the topics examined, the candidates lack basic skills
on how to apply the concepts as a result majority of them scored fail
marks.
QUESTION 4: A. MATRICES
B. MEASURES OF CENTRAL TENDENCY
C. MEASURES OF DISPERSION
(a) Prepare a categorical frequency distribution.
(b) Identify and interpret the modal response.
(c) Determine whether given matrix is invertible. If invertible,
compute the inverse.
(d) Calculate the student‟s overall class average from the given table.
(e) Show who is relatively more overweight compared to his/her age
group from the given information.
candidates who answered the examination only 20 (28.6%) candidates
question.
Most of the candidates failed to use weighted mean to compute average
and Z-score to compute position of raw data.
9
The panel of examiners in assessing the questions was of the opinion that
the question paper was having a mixture of both easy and difficult questions
which demanded the skills and knowledge of the candidate. The question
paper was fair in terms of marks awarded, time allocated, length of
questions and level of candidates.
Marks distribution was done evenly to each question. Generally, candidates
expressed poor background of mathematics.
Candidates‟ performance in this examination paper was not satisfactory.
Out of 70 candidates who answered the examination only 12 (17.1%)
candidates scored pass marks while the remaining 58 (82.9%) candidates
failed. There were neither credit nor distinction marks in this questions.
The candidates‟ over-all performance in the subject is as shown on table
6.1.3 below:
TABLE 6.1.3
T.02 CANDIDATES’ PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS

No of Candidates (Frequency) 58 12 00 00 70
82.9 17.1 0.0 0.0 100

Percentage
TABLE 6.1.4
T.02. COMPARISON OF PASS RATE WITH NOVEMBER 2014
EXAMINATIONS

passed
43 61.4 12 17.1 44.3
10
T.03 – INTRODUCTION TO INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY

The principal learning outcome of the paper is enable candidates to apply
knowledge and skills in information technology to solve problems in the business
environment.

The paper comprised of three questions whereby candidates were required to
QUESTION 1: VARIOUS TOPICS

Candidates were required to;
(a) Choose the best answer from the four given alternatives (A, B, C
or D).
(b) State whether the given statements were true or false.
(c) Pear each phrase from LIST A with the phrase from LIST B
appropriately.
credit and distinction marks respectively.
There were no weakness noted in this question.
QUESTION 2: A. COMMONLY USED APPLICATION PACKAGES

(a) (i) Explain the benefits of managing data by using database approach.
(ii) State limitations of a database approach.
(b) Explain major conceptual databases:-
(i) Operational database
(ii) Data warehouse
(iii) Distributed database
(c) Write short notes on the following Data Base Management Systems:
(i) Transaction
(ii) Transaction scheduling
(iii) Serializability
Candidates‟ performance in this question was satisfactory. Out of
96 candidates who answered the question, 51 (53.1%) candidates
passed while the remaining 45 (46.9%) candidates failed. Out of
11
those who passed 39 (40.6%), 07 (7.3%) and 05 (5.2%) candidates
scored pass, credit and distinction marks respectively.
Some candidates were unable to write short notes on transaction,
transaction scheduling and serializability.
QUESTION 3: A. DATA COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS

B. INTERNET AND E-COMMERCE
C. COMPUTER SOFTWARE
Candidates were required to use the provided information to;
(a) Explain whether the following network typologies need to manage
collisions. If so, describe mechanism of handling collisions.
(i) Bus
(ii) Ring
(iii) Star
(b) List two items of hardware or services needed to connect a
standalone computer to the internet.
(c) Identify with examples four types of software needed on personal
computer to get popular internet services and to maintain security.
(d) Explain the meaning of the term “protocol”.
(e) Explain the following protocols:-
(i) IP/TCP
(ii) HTTP
(iii) FTP
(iv) POP3
candidates who answered the question only 08 (8.3%) candidates scored
pass marks while the remaining 88 (91.7%) candidates failed. There were
neither credit nor distinction marks in this questions.
Majority of candidates could not understand the question. Instead of
explaining how the topologies could handle collision, they described the
terms. Also majority could not explain the protocols IP/TCP, HTTP, FTP
and POP3.
12
The panel of examiners in assessing the paper were of the opinion that the
paper was fair and the questions tested covered a wide range of the
syllabus. The mixture of the questions was adequate and the distribution of
marks was fair in relation to the time allocated.
(b) Candidates overall performance
Candidates‟ performance in this examination paper was satisfactory. Out
of 96 candidates who answered the examination, 53 (55.2%) candidates
who passed 51 (53.2%), 01 (1.0%) and 01 (1.0%) candidates scored pass,
6.1.5 below:
TABLE 6.1.5
Percentage 44.8 53.2 1.0 1.0 100
TABLE 6.1.6
T.03 COMPARISON OF PASS RATE WITH NOVEMBER 2014
EXAMINATIONS
November 2014 November 2015 % increase

passed
73 46.8 53 55.2 8.4
13
T.04 – BUSINESS COMMUNICATION SKILLS
Principal learning outcome of this paper is to enable candidates to master Basic
English language skills and be able to use them for communicating effectively in
business environment.
This paper consisted of six compulsory questions.
Candidates were tested on the following topics:
QUESTION 1: WRITING SKILLS IN BUSINESS CORRESPONDENCES
The question was in two parts and candidates were required to:
(a) Read a passage and
(i) Suggest the title for the passage.
(ii) Summarize the passage by explaining the meaning and
importance of customer care given with at least 150 words.
(b) Basing on the passage define the following concepts:-
(i) Customer
(ii) Customer service
(iii) Customer satisfaction.
candidates who answered the question 53 (88.3%) candidates passed
Some candidates were unable to write proper sentences; also, they were
unable to write a summary using their own words (paraphrasing).
QUESTION 2: DEMONSTRATE A MASTERY USE OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE
Candidates were required to use the given information to:-
(a) Change the tenses from past to present continuous tense.
(b) Identify the type of tense of the words in bold.
(c) Correct sentences.
(d) Re-write sentences according to instructions provided.
Most candidates were poor in tenses, prepositions and sentence
construction.
14
(a) Define a business report.
(b) Identify and explain at least eight essential parts of a good business
report.
candidates who answered the question, only 24 (40%) candidates passed
Most candidates were unable to list and explain the components of a
good business report. In some instances they listed them without
explaining.
QUESTION 4: A DEMONSTRATION OF SPEAKING SKILLS

B DEMONSTRATION OF A MASTERY USE OF ENGLISH
LANGUAGE
(a) Punctuate the given paragraph concerning communication through
speaking.
(b) Identify and explain any five C‟s of effective business
communication.
who passed 11 (18.3%), 03 (3.3%) and 10 (16.7%) candidates scored
pass, credit and distinction marks respectively
The candidates were unable to list and explain five C‟s of effective
communication.

The candidates were required to use the given information to;
(a) Write an application letter for the post advertised by the given
company.
(b) Identify and explain any five C‟s of effective business
communication.
candidates, 53 (88.3%) candidates passed while the remaining 07
15
(11.7%) candidates failed. Out of those who passed 26 (43.3%), 16
(26.7%) and 11 (18.3%) candidates scored pass, credit and distinction
marks respectively.
Most candidates were unable to write organised and clear ideas in this
question. The candidates were very familiar with format of business
letter, but were unable to write coherently and correctly the content of
the letter.
QUESTION 6: A. VARIOUS TOPICS – MULTIPLE CHOICE

B. WRITING SKILLS IN BUSINESS CORRESPONDENCES
(a) Choose the most correct answer from the given alternatives.
(b) Describe the “email etiquette”.
(c) Write whether the given statements were true or false.
candidates, 49 (81.7%) candidates passed while the remaining 11
(1.7%) and 04 (6.7%) candidates scored pass, credit and distinction
marks respectively
Candidates were unable to explain an e-mail etiquette. Most of the
candidates got wrong on this and others skipped answering this sub-
section.
16
The panel of examiners found the paper to be fairly set, clear and well
spread within the syllabus. They found the questions to be within reach
of well-prepared candidates. The questions were also fair in relation to
the time allocated.
Candidates‟ performance in this examination paper was satisfactory.
Out of 60 candidates who answered the examination, 41 (68.3%)
candidates passed while the remaining 19 (31.7%) candidates failed.
Out of those who passed 31 (51.7%), 09 (15.0%) and 01 (1.7%)
candidates scored pass, credit and distinction marks respectively
The candidates‟ over-all performance in the subject is as shown on table 6.1.7
below:
TABLE 6.1.7
Percentage 31.7 51.7 15 1.7 100
TABLE 6.1.8
T.04 COMPARISON OF PASS RATE WITH NOVEMBER 2014 EXAMINATIONS

No. of candidates passed % No. of candidates passed %
34 62.9 41 68.3 5.4
17
ACCOUNTING TECHNICIAN EXAMINATION LEVEL II
GENERAL PERFORMANCE
In this level, 134 candidates sat for the examinations, out of whom 37 (27.6%) passed, 49
(36.6%) candidates passed various subjects in this level while 48 (35.8%) failed the
examination. The 37 candidates who passed are eligible for the Board's award of the
STATEMENT OF SUCCESS FOR ATEC II. The general performance subject-wise is
as shown on table 7.1 below:
TABLE 7.1
ATEC II SUBJECT-WISE PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS
Paper Subject Performance
Code No. November 2014 May 2015 November 2015
T.05 Principles of
Accounting and 108 61 56.5 97 37 38.1 115 54 46.9
Auditing
T.06 Principles of Cost
Accounting and 84 63 75.0 72 44 61.1 80 25 31.3
Procurement
T.07 Elements of
Commercial
Knowledge,
Management 95 84 88.4 65 44 67.7 73 53 72.6
Practices and
Taxation
T.08 Accounting for
Public Sector and 89 43 48.3 90 40 44.4 98 44 44.9
Cooperatives
T.05 - PRINCIPLES OF ACCOUNTING AND AUDITING

The principal learning outcome of this paper is to test candidates on application of
basic concepts and principles of accounting in preparing and interpreting
statements and reports on a practical context as per IAS 1 and apply audit
knowledge in appraising data and assisting audit staff during audit undertakings.
The paper consisted of four compulsory questions. Question one was an objective
question which carried 40%.
In this paper, candidates were tested on the following topics:
18
QUESTION 1: VARIOUS TOPICS: MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION
Candidates were required to choose the most correct answer among the
four given alternatives.
passed 57 (49.9%), 15(13.0%) and 11 (9.6%) candidates scored pass,
Candidate‟s weakness is that some of the candidates did not follow the
examination instruction as it were required.
QUESTION 2: FINANCIAL RATIOS ANALYSIS.
(a) Candidates were required to use the given information about
company‟s records to calculate the following:
(i) Current ratio
(ii) Quick ratio
(iii) Working capital
(b) List at least five factors in which analysis and interpretation of
financial ratios depend.
candidates who answered the question, only 44 (38.3%) candidates passed
passed 26 (22.7%), 9 (7.8%) and 9 (7.8%) candidates scored pass, credit
and distinction marks respectively
The major weakness noted in this question is that candidates who failed
were weak in calculations.
QUESTION 3: (a) CONTEXT AND PURPOSE OF PRINCIPLES OF
ACCOUNTING
(c) STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(a) Define the following elements of financial statements:
(i) Assets
(ii) Liabilities
(iii) Equity
(b) Explain why inventory is an asset of a company.
(c) Use the given extract from the give company‟s statement of
comprehensive income to:
(i) Prepare a reconciliation of profit from operations to net
cash from operating activities using the indirect method.
(ii) Calculate the net cash from operating activities using the
direct method.
19
Candidates‟ performance in this question was not satisfactory. Out
of 115 candidates who answered the question, only 14 (12.2%)
candidates passed while the remaining 101 (87.8%) candidates
failed. Out of those who passed 07 (6.2%), 02 (1.7%) and 05
(4.3%) candidates scored pass, credit and distinction marks
respectively
Most of candidates failed to prepare cash flow from operating
activities in using direct methods.
QUESTION 4: (a) INTRODUCTION TO AUDITING
(b) DEFINITIONS AND CONCEPTS IN AUDITING
(a) Briefly explain the similarities and differences between internal and
external audits.
(b)Briefly explain five threats that may undermine independence,
objectivity and professional ethics of an auditor.
The major weakness of candidates who failed is lack of techniques of
answering the question. They failed to mention and explain potential
threats that may undermine the auditor`s independence, thus others
mentioned well but gave wrong explanations.
20
(a) Assessment of the Examination
The panel of examiners was of the opinion that the examination was fair,
clearly worded and appropriately spread within the syllabus.
who passed 45(39.1%), 6(5.2%) and 3 (2.6%) candidates scored pass,
credit, and distinction marks respectively
7.1.2 below:
TABLE 7.1.2

CLASSIFICATION
OF MARKS 0-49 50-69 70-79 80-100 TOTAL
NO. OF CANDIDATES (FREQUENCY) 61 45 6 3 115
PERCENTAGE 53.1 39.1 5.2 2.6 100
TABLE 7.1.3
61 56.5 54 46.9 9.6
T.06 - PRINCIPLES OF COST ACCOUNTING AND PROCUREMENT

Principal learning outcome for this paper is to test candidates on application of
terminologies, methods, techniques and principles of Cost Accounting and
Procurement for providing management with information for decision making,
planning and controlling business operations.

The paper comprised of four questions. Question one was an objective type which
carried 40%.

21
QUESTION 1: VARIOUS TOPICS: MULTIPLE CHOICES
Candidates were required to choose the most correct answers from the
given alternative statements.
while the remaining 40(50.0%) candidates failed. Out of those who
passed 35 (43.8%), 2 (2.5%) and 3 (3.7%) candidates scored pass, credit
and distinction marks respectively.
There was no major weakness observed in this question.
QUESTION 2 (a) PROCEDURES FOR ACCUMULATING LABOUR COSTS
(b) INTERGRATED AND INTERLOCKING ACCOUNTING

SYSTEMS
(a) Explain any four reasons why cost accounting profit need to be
reconciled with financial accounting profit.
(b) Use the given information to calculate the following ratios:-
(i) Labour turnover using flux method
(ii) Labour turnover using replacement method
(iii) Labour efficiency ratio
(iv) Labour capacity ratio
candidates who answered the question, only 15 (18.8%) candidates scored
pass marks while the remaining 65(81.2%) candidates failed. Out of those
Most candidates failed to reason out the need to reconcile cost accounting
profit with financial accounting profit.
QUESTION 3: INTRODUCTION TO PROCUREMENT AND SIMPLE BUDGET
Candidates were required to –
(a) Briefly explain the relationship between the „supply chain‟ and
„supply chain management‟ as used in procurement practice.
(b) Use the given information to regarding a company which

manufactures and sells products to prepare:
(i) Production budget
(ii) Direct material usage budget in quantity
(iii) Direct material purchase budget in units and value
22
candidates who answered the question, only 14 (17.5%) candidates passed
while the remaining 66 (82.5%) candidates failed. Out of those who did
pass 1 (1.3%), 7 (8.7%) and 06(7.5%) candidates scored pass, credit and
distinction marks respectively.
Weakness noted in this question was that candidates approached the
question wrongly.
QUESTION4: COST STATEMENTS
Candidates were required to use the given financial information to
prepare:-
(a) Statement of Profit or Loss to show financial profit.
(b) Cost Statement to show costing profit.
(c) Statement of Reconciliation of financial accounting and cost
accounting profits taking cost accounting profit as a base.

candidates, only 12 (15.0%) candidates passed while the remaining 68
(1.3%) and 03 (3.7%) candidates scored pass, credit and distinction marks
respectively.
Most of candidates who failed they failed to ascertain the cost accounting
profit together with the reconciliation between financial and cost
accounting profits.
23
The panel of examiners found the examination to be fair, clearly worded
and within the prescribed syllabus. The examination questions were well
mixed, containing computational as well theoretical questions and could
have easily been answered by an average prepared candidate within the
allocated time of three hours.
(b) Candidates Overall Performance
Candidates‟ performance in this question paper was not satisfactory. Out
of 80 candidates who answered the examination, only 25 (31.3%)
candidates passed while the remaining 55 (68.8%) candidates failed. Out
of those who passed 15 (18.8%), 5 (6.3%) and 5 (6.3%) candidates scored
pass and credit marks respectively in this paper.

7.1.4 below:
TABLE 7.1.4
CLASSIFICATION OF MARKS
0-49 50-69 70-79 80-100 TOTAL
NO. OF CANDIDATES 55 15 05 05 80
(FREQUENCY)
PERCENTAGE 68.8 18.8 6.3 6.3 100
TABLE 7.1.5
63 75.0 25 31.3 43.7
24
T.07 - ELEMENTS OF COMMERCIAL KNOWLEDGE, MANAGEMENT
PRACTICES AND TAXATION
Principal learning outcome for this paper is to test candidates‟ ability to apply
knowledge of commerce, commercial law, management and taxation in managing
business functions.
The paper comprised of four compulsory questions. Question one was an
objective type which carried 40%.

(a) Candidates were required to choose the most correct answer from the
four given alternatives
(b) Indicate whether the given statements were true or wrong.
candidates who answered the question, 48(66.8%) candidates passed
passed 44 (60.3%), and 4 (5.5%) candidates scored pass, and credit
marks respectively. There were no distinction pass in this question.
Most candidates who failed showed they did not have a wide coverage
of all topics tested in this question.
QUESTION 2: TAXATION THEORY

(a) Explain features of “indirect tax”.
(b) Discuss the merits and demerits of indirect tax.
(c) Explain four (4) best principles which are used as basic criteria for
evaluating any tax system.
No major weakness noted in this question.
25
QUESTION 3: LAW OF CONTRACT, PARTNERSHIP AND
PROCUREMENT
(a) Identify and explain the essentials of a valid contract.
(b) State and explain the key contents of a tender document.
(c) Identify the types of partnership business.
(d) Enumerate various factors to consider when selecting a procurement
method.
Most of candidates who failed the question just listed the points without
explaining them.
QUESTION 4: PARTNERSHIP AND OFFICE MECHANIZATION
(a) Analyse various advantages of office mechanization.

(b) List and explain advantages and disadvantages of numerical filing
system.
(c) Write brief notes on the following terms as used in tax practices:
(i) Royalties
(ii) Capital gains tax
(iii) Inheritance tax
(d) Name and explain the main functions of Tanzania Revenue
Authority.

Most of candidates who failed were not conversant in attempting
question concerned with filling.
26
The panel of examiners found the examination to be fair in relation to the
level of candidate examined, with mixture of easy and difficult questions
and could be answered within the allocated time of three hours by an
average prepared candidate.
(b) Candidates’ Overall Performance
passed while the remaining 21(32.3%) candidates failed. Out of those
who passed 42(64.7%) and 2 (3%) candidates scored pass and distinction
marks respectively.
below:
TABLE 7.1.6
CLASSIFICATION
OF MARKS 0-49 50-69 70-79 80-100 TOTAL
PERCENTAGE 27.4 61.6 9.6 1.4 100
TABLE 7.1.7
84 88.4 53 72.6 15.8
27
T.08 ACCOUNTING FOR PUBLIC SECTOR AND COOPERATIVES
Principal learning outcome of this paper is to test candidates‟ ability to apply
public sector and cooperative accounting knowledge and skills to manage
government and cooperative funds economically, efficiently and effectively in
accordance with the constitution, laws, rules and regulations in one or more
specialised fields.
The paper comprised of four compulsory questions. Question one was an
objective type which carried 40%.
Candidates were required to choose the most correct answer among the
four given alternatives.
Candidates‟ performance in this question was not satisfactory. Out of
98 candidates who answered the question, only 28 (28.6%) candidates
distinction marks respectively. There were no credit pass in this
question.
Most of candidates were not competent in many topics tested in this
question.
QUESTION 2: FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(a) Candidates were required to use the given extract of ledge balances
to prepare a simple Statement of Financial Performance by nature for
the given period.
(b) Use the given information to explain how the three E‟s (Economy,
Efficiency and Effectiveness) usually used to check performance in
an entity.
(c) Use the given information explain what is involved in cut off
procedures and the routine included in performing cut off procedures
for accruals.
candidates who answered the question, only 20 (20.4%) candidates
scored pass marks while the remaining 78 (79.6%) candidates failed.
There were neither credit pass nor distinction pass in this question.
Candidates who failed were not able to explain the 3E`s as well as the
aspects involved in the cut off procedures.
28
QUESTION 3: PREPARATION OF REVENUE AND PROGRESS REPORT
(a) Explain what is „Excess Vote‟ in respect of a ministry or an
independent Government Department
(b) Explain what are the accounting officer‟s responsibilities in respect
of an excess vote
(c) Use the given revenue balances of the given Ministry to prepare:-
(i) Prepare the given period‟s revenue collection progress report.
(ii) Prepare monthly statement of revenue for given period
Candidates‟ performance in this question was not satisfactory. All 98
candidates who answered the question failed.
The major weakness noted in this question is the complete failure to
prepare revenue progress report.
QUESTION 4: TYPES OF COOPERATIVES AND COMMON

CHARACTERISTICS OF COOPERATIVES
(a) Use the given information about International Cooperative Alliance
(ICA) to explain the common characteristics of a cooperative
society.
(b) Discuss the reasons why consumer cooperatives have not fared well
in Tanzania.
(c) Use the given statement to explain the objectives of SACCOs.

candidates, 60 (61.2%) candidates scored pass marks while the
remaining 38(38.8%) candidates failed. Out of those who passed 39
(39.8%), 13 (13.3%) and 08 (8.1%) scored pass, credit and marks
respectively.
Most of candidates who failed were not able to explain the objectives of
SACCOS, and why consumer cooperative have not fared well.
29
The panel of examiners found the paper to be fairly set, well balanced
containing a mixture of computational as well as theoretical questions. It
was further found to be within the syllabus and that it could have been done
within the time allocated of three hours.
(b) Candidates’ Overall Performance
Candidates‟ performance in this examination paper was satisfactory. Out of
98 candidates who answered the examination 44 (44.9%) candidates passed
while the remaining 54 (55.1%) candidates failed. Out of those who passed
44 (44.9%) candidates scored pass, with no credit, or distinction marks in
this paper.
below:
TABLE 7.1.8
0-49 50-69 70-79 80-100 TOTAL
PERCENTAGE 55.1 44.9 0 0 100
TABLE 7.1.9
43 48.3 44 44.9 3.4
30
INTRA-LEVELS ANALYSIS OF CANDIDATES’ PERFORMANCE – ATEC I
AND ATEC II LEVELS
Under the revised examination scheme and syllabus, the Board does not allow its
candidates to attempt both levels. However, it allowed those who were caught in
transition from the phased out syllabus to the new syllabus during the transitional period.
The analysis below shows performance of the 34 candidates who sat examination papers
in the ATEC I and II Levels.
Their performance is as indicated hereunder:
ATEC I & II
S/No. COMBINATION
Number Percent
1 Pass Both 3 8.8
2 Pass ATEC I, Partial Pass ATEC II 5 14.7
3 Pass ATEC I, Fail ATEC II 6 17.6
4 Partial Pass ATEC I, Pass ATEC II 0 0
5 Partial Pass Both 0 0
6 Partial Pass ATEC I, Fail ATEC II 1 2.9
7 Fail ATEC I, Pass ATEC II 0 0
8 Fail ATEC I, Partial Pass ATEC II 8 23.5
9 Fail Both 11 32.4
Total 34 100%
31
PROFESSIONAL LEVEL EXAMINATIONS
FOUNDATION LEVEL EXAMINATIONS
This is the first level of the Board‟s three tier professional examination scheme which
leads to the Certified Public Accountant [CPA (T)] award.
The Foundation level examinations comprise of five subjects as indicated hereunder:

A1 Quantitative Techniques
A2 Business and Management
A3 Accounting
A4 Business Information
A5 Business Law
The examinations draw candidates from two main sources, namely:-

(a) Those candidates who have successfully completed the Board‟s Accounting
Technician Level examinations.
(b) Those candidates who have acquired non-accounting first degree (or its equivalent)
qualifications awarded by institutions of higher learning in the country recognized
by the Board.
During the November 2015 examination session, a total of 364 candidates sat for
Foundation Level examinations.
The figure indicated above includes 128 candidate who sat for both Foundation and
Intermediate level examinations, whose performance analysis is shown at the end of
Intermediate Level Report.
32
GENERAL OBSERVATIONS
In this examination 364 candidates sat for the examination out of whom 152 (41.8%)
passed and therefore become eligible for the STATEMENT OF SUCCESS for the
Foundation Level. 133 (36.5%) have passed some of the subjects while 79 (21.7%)
candidates failed the examination.
The general performance subject-wise is as shown on Table 8.1 below:

TABLE 8.1
SUBJECT-WISE PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS

Paper Performance
Code Subject November 2014 May 2015 November 2015
No. Entries Pass % Entries Pass % Entries Pass %
A1 Quantitative 322 245 76.1 193 133 68.9 151 76 50.3
Techniques
A2 Business and 346 331 95.7 147 122 82.9 135 107 79.3
Management
A3 Accounting 153 98 64.1 226 209 91.6 206 112 54.4
A4 Business Information 188 112 59.6 251 202 80.5 246 163 66.2
A5 Business Law 142 103 72.5 138 81 58.7 155 103 66.5
33
QUESTION -WISE PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS
A1 – QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUES
Principal learning outcome of this paper is to examine candidates‟ ability to apply
knowledge and skills of mathematical and quantitative techniques, concepts and
tools in the day to day accounting and business functions and decision making.
II: STRUCTURE OF THE QUESTION PAPER
The paper consisted of three compulsory questions. Question one was an
objective question which carried 60%.
In this examination session, candidates were tested on the following topics:
For each of the statements provided candidates were required to use the
given four alternatives to choose the most correct answer:-
151 candidates who answered the question only 63 (41.7%) candidates
question
The multiple choices provided were fairly structured and appropriate to

the level of the candidates, even though majority of them did not
perform well due to the fact that they were guessing the answers.
QUESTION 2: TRANSPORTATION AND ASSIGNMENT MODELS

The candidates were required to use the data provided to:
(a) Develop transportation table.

(b) Obtain initial allocation and total transportation cost using North
West Corner Method.
(c) Obtain initial allocation and total transportation cost using minimum
cost method.
(d) Obtain initial allocation and total transportation cost using Vogel‟s
approximation method.

34
Majority of the candidates failed to use Vogel‟s approximation method
and few of them could not develop the transportation table.
QUESTION 3: HYPOTHESIS TESTING
(a) From the given data of a certain population, candidates were

required to:
(i) Estimate the population proportion.
(ii) Develop a 95% confidence interval for the population
proportion.
(b) Candidates were again given data of a certain population and they
were needed to develop a 99% confidence interval for the
population mean and interpret the result.
(c) Explain the meaning of significant level.

candidates who answered the question only 15 (9.9%) candidates passed
passed 13 (8.6%) and 02 (1.3%) candidates scored pass and credit marks
respectively. No candidate scored distinction marks in this question
Despite of the fact that the question was clear and within the scope of the
candidates‟ level they did not do it satisfactorily as candidates seem to be
not very much familiar with the confidence interval calculations.
35
(a) Assessment of the Paper
The panel of examiners found the paper to be fairly set, well balanced with
a good mixture of theoretical and computational questions. Time allocated
to the questions was adequate to enable an average candidate to complete
the examination.
(b) Candidates’ performance
examination paper.
The candidates‟ overall performance in the subject is as shown on Table 8.1.1
below:
TABLE 8.1.1
A1 CANDIDATES’ PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS
CLASSIFICATION OF MARKS 0-39 40-59 60-79 80-100 TOTAL
PERCENTAGE 49.7 39.7 10.6 00 100
TABLE 8.1.2
A.1 COMPARISON OF PASS RATE WITH NOVEMBER 2014 EXAMINATIONS
245 76.1 151 50.3 25.8
36
A2 – BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT
Principal learning outcome of this subject is to test candidates‟ ability to apply
concepts and principles of business and management in business environment.
The paper consisted of three questions which were compulsory. Question one was
an objective question which comprised of 60%.
In this examination session, candidates were tested on the following topics:

Candidates performed very well in this question to the extent that no

major weakness was identified
QUESTION 2: BASICS OF GOVERNANCE, SUSTAINABILITY, CORPORATE

SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND ETHICS
(a) Explain how an organization can act responsibly to its

stakeholders by providing at least four examples.
(b) Identify and describe at least four advantages of corporate social
responsibility.
(c) Identify the disadvantages of corporate social responsibility.

Candidates failed to give examples in relation to how an organization

can act responsibly to its stakeholders.
37
QUESTION 3: BASIC MODELS FOR BUSINESS ANALYSIS
(a) Identify and describe five main factors that influence the level of
competition in an industry.
(b) State the circumstances which can make new firms easily enter an
existing market.
(c) Describe the factors influencing threat of substitutes in an industry.
(d) Identify and explain the marketing mix elements that can be used by
an organization to pursue its marketing objectives.

Bad performance in this question is earmarked from the fact that
candidates did not clearly understand the requirements of the question
38
The panel of examiners found the paper to be well spread within the
syllabus which resulted to the candidates‟ good performance.
Candidates‟ performance in this examination paper was satisfactory. Out of
135 candidates who answered the examination, 107 (79.3%) candidates
passed while the remaining 28 (20.7%) candidates failed. Out of those who
respectively. No candidate scored distinction marks in this examination
paper.
Candidates‟ over-all performance in the subject is as shown on Table 8.1.3

below:
TABLE 8.1.3
CLASSIFICATION OF MARKS 0-39 40-59 60- 80-100 TOTAL

79
(FREQUENCY)
PERCENTAGE 20.7 60.7 18.5 00 100
TABLE 8.1.4
A2 COMPARISON OF PASS RATE WITH NOVEMBER 2014
EXAMINATIONS

No. of candidates % No. of candidates %
passed passed
331 95.7 107 79.2 16.5
39
A3 – ACCOUNTING

Principal learning outcome off this paper is to examine candidates‟ ability to
apply knowledge and skills in recording financial transactions and preparing
financial statements for an entity including not for profit entities in accordance
with the IFRSs and IPSASs,
The paper comprised four compulsory questions. Question one was an objective

The A3 – Accounting subject this session tested candidates on the following
topics:


No major weakness was noted in this question.
QUESTION 2: PREPARATION OF ACCOUNTS FROM INCOMPLETE

RECORDS
From the incomplete records provided, candidates were required to
prepare the statement of profit or loss for the given period.

Bad performance in this question suggests that candidates were not well
prepared in tackling questions related to this topic.
40
QUESTION 3: PREPARATION OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR NOT
FOR PROFIT ENTITIES.
From the given information candidates were required to prepare:
(a) Statement of income and expenditure for the given period
(b) The groups‟ statement of financial position as at the given
period
of 206 candidates who answered the question only 30 (14.6%)
failed. Out of those who passed 29 (14.1%) and 01 (0.5%)
candidates scored pass and credit marks respectively. No candidate
scored distinction marks in this question.
Many candidates exhibited weakness in technical aspect of

computing income from subscription in arrears and prepayments and
on the line items for their presentation on the face of the statement of
financial position.
QUESTION 4: PREPARATION OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS IN

ACCORDANCE WITH IFRS
Candidates were required to use the given trial balance to prepare:

(a) Statement of profit or loss for the period ended.
(b) Statement of financial position as at the end of the given period.

those who passed 105 (50.9%) and 09 (04.4%) candidates scored
pass and credit marks respectively. No candidate scored distinction
marks in this question.
Some candidates did not know which items were be presented in the
income statement and those that should be presented in the statement
of financial position.
41
The panel of examiners found the paper to be fair with adequate coverage
of the syllabus. The panel also observed that candidates could manage to
complete the examination within the allocated time.
(b) Candidates’ Performance
examination paper.
The candidates‟ overall performance in the subject is as shown on Table

8.1.5 below:
TABLE 8.1.5

CLASSIFICATION OF MARKS 0-39 40- 60- 80- TOTAL
59 79 100
PERCENTAGE 46.6 50.5 3.9 00 100
TABLE 8.1.6
A3 COMPARISON OF PASS RATE WITH NOVEMBER 2014 EXAMINATIONS
98 64.1 112 54.4 9.7
42
A4 – BUSINESS INFORMATION
knowledge of cost analysis and awareness of information technology to produce
accurate and useful information to support management in decision-making and
its application in performance management.

The paper comprised four compulsory questions. Question one was an objective
In this examination session, candidates were examined on the following topics:
QUESTION 1: VARIOUS TOPICS: MULTIPLE CHOICE

For each of the statements provided candidates were required to use
the given four alternatives to choose the most correct answer:-
No common weakness was observed.
QUESTION 2: DECISION-MAKING

(a) Calculate Net Present Value (NPV)
(b) Use the given information to:-
(i) Calculate Net Present Value of the two given companies
(ii) Assist the given management to decide which one of the
two given projects to invest in.

who answered the question only, 100 (42.0%) candidates passed, while the
remaining 138 (57.9%) candidates failed. Out of those who passed 47
(19.7%), 12 (5.0%) and 41 (17.2%) candidates scored pass, credit and
distinction marks respectively
Most candidates failed to calculate NPV of the two projects, despite the data
being clear.
43
QUESTION 3: COSTING
Candidates were required to use the given information about the

company‟s first year of operation to:-
(a) Determine the cost of production and gross margin by using

absorption costing.
(b) Compute:
(i) Budgeted selling price per unit

(ii) Budgeted sales revenue for actual sales
(iii) Sales variance for the period in TZS.

Out of 246 candidates who answered the question only, 111 (45.1%)
Out of those who passed 59 (24.0%), 40(16.2%) and 12 (4.9%)
candidates scored pass, credit and distinction marks respectively
Determination of cost of production and computation of sale

variance was a problem to many candidates.
QUESTION 4: FORECASTING AND BUDGETING

Candidates were required to find out the seasonal components of the
trend by using the additive model.

246 candidates who answered the question only, 63 (26.0%) candidates
pass, credit and distinction marks respectively.
Candidates demonstrated poor computational skills.
44
VI: GENERAL OBSERVATIONS

The panel of examiners found the examination to be fair, well balanced
containing both easy and moderate questions which were relevant to the
candidates‟ level and was well within the prescribed syllabus. It was
examiners view that more comprehensive questions with knowledge based
and case study be provided.
(b) Overall Candidates performance
of 246 candidates who answered the examination, 163(66.3%) candidates
The candidates‟ overall performance in the subject is as shown on table

1.1. below.
TABLE 1.1.

PERCENTAGE 33.7 52.4 12.2 1.6 100
TABLE 1.2.
A4 COMPARISON OF PASS RATE WITH NOVEMBER 2014
EXAMINATIONS
112 59.6 163 66.2 6.6
45
A5 – BUSINESS LAW

theories, practices and laws governing business in providing accounting services
and protecting business against unnecessary litigations.
II: STRUCTURE OF THE QUESTION PAPER:

The paper comprised seven questions. Candidates were required to answer five
Questions.
In this examination session, candidates were examined on the following topics:
QUESTION 1: SOURCE OF LAW AND LEGAL SYSTEM

(a) Explain the validity that the law received from England is one of
the sources of law applicable in Tanzania
(b) Identify five advantages of subordinate legislation as a source of
law.

Some of the candidates who answered this question failed to explain the
law received from England as a source of law applicable in Tanzania
QUESTION 2: EMPLOYMENT LAW

Candidates were required to explain:
(a) The circumstances under which the employee‟s dismissal may
be considered unlawful as per employment and labour
relations act
(b) The remedies available to employee whose termination is
declared unfair.

107 candidates who answered the question 67 (62.6%) candidates
those who passed 35 (32.7%), 21 (19.6%) and 11 (10.3%)
candidates scored pass, credit and distinction marks respectively.
46
In this question, some of candidates failed to raise the grounds for
fair dismissal and also failed to explain possible remedies for unfair
termination.
QUESTION 3: MONEY LAUNDERING

(a) (i) Define the term „politically exposed person‟
(ii) Name four money laundering predicate crimes in
Tanzania
(b) Highlight five negative effects of money laundering to
developing country such as Tanzania.
(c) Describe measures which Tanzania has adopted and is
implementing to fight money laundering practices.

No major weakness was identified in this question.
QUESTION 4: CIVIL LAW FOR BUSINESSES AND FORMATION OF A

CONTRACT.
Candidates were required to use the given scenario to:
(a) State if the contract between the given two persons is valid
by giving reasons
(b) Identify and explain the remedies available for given person,
if the contract was not valid
(c) Assume the given person is willing to continue doing
business, explain what would be the advice to him

138 candidates who answered this question 90 (65.2%) candidates
those who passed 41 (29.7%) and 07 (5.1%) candidates scored pass
and credit marks respectively. No candidate scored distinction marks
in this question.
Most of the candidates who answered this question failed to explain
whether the contract was valid or not.
47
QUESTION 5: THE CAPITAL OF THE COMPANY AND IT’S
MANAGEMENT
(a) Identify and explain the ways in which the capital is maintained and
protected.
(b) State the distinction between the „share certificate „and „share
warrant‟ and their legal effects.

Most of the candidates who attempted this question did not support
their arguments with relevant authority.
QUESTION 6: THE MANAGEMENT OF THE COMPANY AND

DIRECTOR’S CORPORATE OFFENCES.
(a) Candidates were required to use the given information related to
the two companies which entered into a contract for renting buses
to advise the given company whether the other part has
breached any of his directors‟ duties, and what remedy do they
have against him.
(b) Explain the following in relation to the context of the law relating
to the management of companies.
(i)Non-executive directors
(ii)Shadow directors

Most of the candidates who answered this question did not support their
arguments with relevant authority.
48
QUESTION 7: FORMATION OF COMPANIES AND PARTNERSHIP IN
TANZANIA

(a) Comment on the procedures required to be complied with by this
business entity.
(b) State the legal effects of Memorandum and Articles of Association

105 candidates who answered the question only, 29 (27.6%) candidates
The major weakness of the candidates in regard to this question was

noted on the area of stating Legal Memorandum and Articles of
Association.
49
The panel of examiners found the examination to be fair, well balanced
containing both easy and moderate questions which were relevant to the
candidates‟ level and was well within the prescribed syllabus. It was
examiners view that trainer should make efforts of making sure that during
training, candidates are emphasised to make relevant support from
relevant authorities.
(b) Overall Candidates performance

marks.
The candidates‟ overall performance in the subject is as shown in table

2.1. below:
TABLE 2.1.

(FREQUENCY)
PERCENTAGE 33.5 51.6 14.8 00 100
TABLE 2.2.
A5. COMPARISON OF PASS RATE WITH NOVEMBER 2014
EXAMINATIONS
passed
103 72.5 103 66.4 6.1%
50
INTERMEDIATE LEVEL EXAMINATIONS
The Intermediate level examinations are the second level of the Board‟s professional
examinations under the current examination scheme and syllabus. This examination level
consists of six subjects as shown hereunder:-
B1 Financial Management
B2 Financial Accounting
B3 Auditing Principles and Practices
B4 Public Finance and Taxation I
B5 Performance Management
B6 Management, Governance and Ethics
Under this examination scheme and syllabus, a candidate is required to complete

Foundation Level before moving to Intermediate Level. However, candidates who were
caught in the transition from the phased out syllabus to the current syllabus were allowed
to cross the levels.
During the November 2015 examination session, a total of 3,114 candidates sat for
Intermediate Level examinations.
The figure indicated above includes 871 candidate who sat for both Intermediate and
Final level examinations, whose performance analysis is shown at the end of these levels‟
report.
51
The examination draws candidates from the following sources:
(a) Candidates who have been referred previously in the respective corresponding
subjects.
(b) Candidates who have majored in accounting in their bachelor degree programmes from
recognized institutions.
GENERAL PERFORMANCE
In this session 3,114 candidates sat for the Intermediate Level Examinations out of
whom 426 (13.7%) have passed this level and therefore become eligible for the
STATEMENT OF SUCCESS, 1,050 (33.7%) have passed some of the subjects while
1,638 (52.6%) candidates have failed the examination.
The general performance subject-wise is as shown on Table 10.1 below:

TABLE 10.1
INTERMEDIATE LEVEL SUBJECT-WISE PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS
Paper Performance
Code No. Subject November 2014 May 2015 November 2015
B1 Financial Management 468 185 39.4 754 205 27.2 1077 253 23.5
B2 Financial Accounting 525 244 46.5 745 318 42.7 941 352 37.4
B3 Auditing Principles and 471 282 59.9 662 355 53.6 948 665 69.1
Practices
B4 Public Finance & Taxation 613 448 73.1 701 556 79.3 879 246 28.0
I
B5 Performance Management 2,783 720 25.9 2,567 754 29.4 2,371 537 22.6
B6 Management, Governance 290 217 74.8 560 526 93.9 794 730 91.9
& Ethics
52
B1 FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT

Principal learning outcome of this examination paper is to test candidates‟ ability
to apply financial management knowledge and skills in valuing various assets as
well as businesses, in evaluating investment opportunities, in forecasting and
planning financial needs of a firm, in deciding on the level of debt financing to
use relative to equity capital, in determining the level of working capital to carry
in a business and in deciding on the share of the earnings after tax between
retained earnings and shareholders.

The paper had two sections A and B, with seven questions carrying 20 marks
each. Candidates were required to answer question one in section A and any
other four out of six questions in Section B.

The following topics were tested in this paper:-
QUESTION 1: FINANCIAL PLANNING AND FORECASTING;

WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT
Candidates were required to use the given information related to

company‟s turnover to prepare:
(a) (i) A Statement of income for the following year

(ii) A statement of Financial Position at the end of the
following year
(b) Analyse and discuss the working capital financial policy of a given
company

1077candidates who answered the question only 88 (8.2%) candidates
who passed 82 (7.6%), 5 (0.5%) and 1(0.1%) candidates scored pass,
Most candidates demonstrated poor in computation skills
53
QUESTION 2: DIVIDEND POLICY; WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT
(a) Candidates were required to use the given information related to a
company which produces and sells detergent products to:-
(i) Calculate the total cost of inventory for the raw material when
using the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ).
(ii) Determine whether accepting the discount offered by the
supplier will minimize the total cost of inventory for the raw
material.
(b) Discuss the factors to be considered in formulating the dividend
policy of a stock exchange listed company.

question.
Most candidates failed to calculate EOQ with discount
QUESTION 3: WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT; COMPLEX

INVESTMENT APPRAISAL
(a) Discuss how an optional investment schedule can be formulated

when capital is rationed and investment projects are either:
(i) Divisible
(ii) Non –divisible
(b) Use the given information related to company‟s annual credit sales
to:-
(i) Calculate the size of overdraft, the net working capital and the
total cost of financing its current assets of a given Company
(ii) Discuss the key factors which determine the level of investment
in current assets.

who passed 113 (19.0%), 35(6.0%) and 6 (1.0%) candidates scored pass,
Most candidates were not well equipped with the concepts of the topic
54
QUESTION 4: INVESTMENT DECISION
Candidates were required to use the given information related to effects
of taxation in the investment decisions to:
(a) Assist the prospective investor on identifying and describing the
effects that taxation has on appraising investments.
(b) Use the given information related to a company which is
considering to manufacture a new product to evaluate whether the
project should be accepted or not.
Most candidates were weak to collate the information given to enable
them to calculate the NPV
QUESTION 5: DIVIDEND POLICY

Candidates were required to use the given information concerning
dividend growth model and Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) to:
(a) Compare the „dividend growth model‟ and „the capital asset pricing
model‟ when estimating the cost of equity of a company
(b) Use the given information concerning company‟s dividend payout
ratio to:
(i) Calculate the following values for a given company:
 Ex-dividend share price, using the dividend growth model;
 Capital gearing (debt divided by debt plus equity) using market
values;
 Market value Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC).
(ii) Discuss whether a change in dividend policy will affect the share
price of the company
question.
Most of candidate failed to compare dividend policy growth model and
CAPM by giving weakness and strength of each model, also failed to
argue against dividend policy and Miller and Modigliani effects on share
price
55
QUESTION 6: FINANCING DECISIONS; INVESTMENT DECISIONS
Candidates were required to use the given information to the value of
dividends per shares to:
(a) Calculate the cost of equity of a given company using the dividend
growth model.
(b) Discuss whether the dividend growth model or the Capital Asset
Pricing Model (CAPM) should be used to calculate the cost of
equity.
(c) Calculate the weighted average after-tax cost of capital of the

company using a cost of equity of 12%.
(d) Discuss whether changing the capital structure of a company can

lead to a reduction in its cost of capital and hence, to an increase in
the value of the company.

Most Candidates failed to compute cost of capital
QUESTION 7: INVESTMENT DECISIONS:

(a) Candidates were required to use the given information to concerning
a company which is an all equity company with a cost of capital of
19% to:-
(i) Calculate firm‟s beta factor.
(ii) Evaluate the economic viability of each project.
(b) Enumerate and discuss any five specific examples of the conflicts of
interest that might occur between managers and shareholders.

Most candidates failed to demonstrate computational and communication
skills.
56
The panel of examiners found the paper to be quite adequate in terms of
the questions examined and time allocated for each question. The panel of
markers also found the paper to be well balanced, covering almost eighty
percent of the topics in the syllabus. The paper had a good mixture of
theoretical and computational questions.

Out of 1077 candidates, only 253 (23.5%) candidates passed while the
remaining 824 (76.5%) candidates failed. Out of those who passed 247
(22.9%) and 06(0.6%) candidates scored pass and credit marks
respectively. No candidate scored distinction marks in this question.

10.1.1 below:
TABLE 10.1.1
B1 CANDIDATES’ PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS
CLASSIFICATION OF
MARKS 00-39 40-59 60-79 80-100 TOTAL
NO. OF CANDIDATES 824 247 06 00 1077
(FREQUENCY)
PERCENTAGE 76.5 22.9 0.6 0.0 100
TABLE 10.1.2
B1 COMPARISON OF PASS RATE WITH NOVEMBER 2014
EXAMINATIONS
No. of % No. of candidates %
candidates passed
passed
185 39.4 253 23.5 15.9
57
B2 FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING

to apply knowledge and skills in preparation of financial statements for a separate
entity and a group in accordance with the IFRSs and IPSASs and analyse
financial statements to examine the suitability of the business entity.

each. Candidates were required to answer question one in section A and any other
four out of six questions in Section B.

QUESTION 1: PREPARING CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Candidates were required to use the given information concerning the
given draft statements of financial positions for the given period and
statement of profit and loss for the given period for three entities to
prepare:
(a) Journal entry to record the purchase of the given company
accounting records.
(b) Consolidated statement of profit or loss for the company for the
given year
(c) Consolidated statement of financial position for given company as at
the given period

941 candidates, only 120(12.8%) candidates passed while the remaining
821 (87.3%) candidates failed. Out of those who passed 80(8.5%), 34
(3.6%) and 6(0.6%) candidates scored pass, credit and distinction marks
respectively
Most candidates failed to consolidate the wholly owned subsidiary and

the associate. The two groups were just added by many candidates to
the reporting entity which was not correct
58
QUESTION 2: INTRODUCTION TO FINANCIALACCOUNTING:
ACCOUNTING AND REPORTING CONCEPTS, FRAMEWORKS
AND PRACTICES
Candidates were required to use the given information related to the
mechanisms of ensuring that accounting work is performed according to
the set principles and standards to:
(a) (i) Evaluate the reasons why do we need regulatory framework.

(ii) What does the IASBs Conceptual Framework of Financial
Reporting deals with?
(b) Use the given information concerning the word „faithful presentation‟
to explain:
(i) The three characteristics that make financial statement
presentation being faithfully represented.
(ii) The things needed to be observed to ensure the above
characteristics are achieved

passed 316(34.7%), 288(31.6%) and 105(11.5%) candidates scored pass,
No major weakness was observed
QUESTION 3: PREPARING SINGLE ENTRY AND SINGLE COMPANY

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Candidates were required to use the given information concerning a
company which is involved in the manufacture of packaging for the food
industry with its extract of trial balance to prepare a Statement of Profit
or Loss and other comprehensive income and Statement of Financial
Position for the company for the given financial year.

641 candidates who answered the question, 53 (8.3%) candidates passed
passed 48(7.5%) and 5(0.8%) candidates scored pass and credit marks
Most candidates failed to identify appropriate treatments of proper

adjustments toward preparation of financial statements
59
QUESTION 4: PREPARING CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(a) Candidates were required to use the given information concerning a
statement of cash flows state the importance of classifying the
activities into operating, investing and financing to the users of
financial statements‟
(b) Candidates were required to use the given information related to
consolidated statement of financial position for the given company
to:-
(i) Calculate the amount that will appear in the statement of cash
flows for the disposal of the company
(ii) Calculate the amount of additions to the property, plant and
equipment.
(iii) Calculate the amount of dividend paid to non-controlling
interest.
(iv) Prepare the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the firm
for the given year, using the indirect method for the operating
activities cash flows.

Most candidates failed to prepare a consolidated (Group account)

statement of cash flows.
QUESTION 5: ACCOUNTING CONCEPTS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(a) Candidates were required to use the given information related to
liquidity to state the importance of understanding the liquidity of an
entity to different users of financial statements, giving examples
of different ratios of liquidity that can be computed.
(b) Candidates to use the given information related to current ratio of a
given company to:
(i) Indicate whether the amount of working capital will increase,
decrease, or be unaffected by each of the above transactions.
(ii) Indicate whether the current ratio will increase, decrease, or be
unaffected by each of the above transactions.

passed 330 (40.5%), 159 (19.6%) and 13(1.6 %) candidates scored pass,
60
QUESTION 6: PREPARING SINGLE ENTRY AND SINGLE COMPANY
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Candidates were required to use the given information related to the
financial statements of one company for the given period, together with
comprehensive Statement of Financial Position to:
(a) Prepare a statement of cash flows for the given company for the
given year in accordance with IAS 7 Cash Flow Statements using
indirect method.
(b) Explain why IAS 7 encourages companies to disclose additional
information on operating capacity cash flows (included as investing
activities) and segment activity cash flows.

candidates who answered the question, 79 (21.2 %) candidates passed
passed 77(20.6%) and 02 (0.6%) candidates scored pass and credit marks
Most candidates failed to prepare the cash flow statements under

“Indirect method‟‟ by mixing up with direct approach and some also failed
to identify components involved in cash flow statements
QUESTION 7: ACCOUNTING CONCEPTS, FRAMEWORKS AND PRACTICES

(a) Candidates were required to use the given information concerning
accounting standards to mention and briefly explain [giving
examples] FOUR areas that are covered by a typical accounting
standard dealing with reporting any particular item e.g. intangible
assets, revenue
(b) Candidates were required to use the given information about an

engineer who runs a small consulting firm to state separately the role
of the statement of cash flows and the directors‟ report and how
such components are useful in overcoming the limitations of the
statement of financial position and the statement of profit or loss

593 candidates who answered the question, 138 (23.3 %) candidates
who passed 88(14.8%), 45(7.7 %) and 5(0.8%) candidates scored pass,
Most candidates seemed to fail to adhere to the requirements of the
question.
61

The panel of examiners found the paper to be quite adequate in terms of the
questions examined and time allocated for each question. The panel of
markers also found the paper to be well balanced, covering over seventy
five percent of the topics in the syllabus. The paper had a good mixture of
theoretical and computational questions.

Out of 941 candidates, 352 (37.4%) candidates passed while the remaining
589(62.6%) candidates failed. Out of those who passed 341 (36.2%) and 11
(1.2%) candidates scored pass and credit marks respectively. No candidate
scored distinction marks in this examination paper.

10.1.3 below:
TABLE 10.1.3
00-39 40-59 60-79 80-100 TOTAL
(FREQUENCY)
PERCENTAGE 62.6 36.2 1.2 00 100
TABLE 10.1.4
EXAMINATIONS
244 46.5 352 37.4 9.1
62
B3 AUDITING PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE

to apply auditing principles and standards in executing external audit assignments
(carrying out audit procedures) and coming up with appropriate reports, as well as
implementing entity‟s internal control policies in carrying out internal audits.

four out of six questions in Section B.
QUESTION 1: OBJECTIVES, PROCESS AND NEED OF EXTERNAL AUDIT

AND ASSURANCE; INTERNAL AUDIT OF ENTITIES
(a) Use the given information about an employer who has just reformed
its quality control systems identify and comment on the implications
of your findings on the quality control policies and procedures of
your firm.
(b) Use the given information about requirements to comply with
International Standards on Auditing (ISAs) to explain the usefulness
of International Standards on Auditing in enabling the auditors
conduct an efficient and effective audit of the financial statements of
a client.
(c) Use the given information in relation to risk based approach in the
performance of audit work to state any four (4) matters in relation to
work carried out during risk assessment that should be documented
(d) Use the given information concerning International Professional
Practice Frameworks (IPPF) to explain:
(i) Different types of IPPF.
(ii) The roles of IPPF.
948 candidates, only 467(49.3%) candidates passed while the remaining
481(50.7%) candidates failed. Out of those who passed 329 (34.7%),
135(14.2%) and 3(0.3%) candidates scored pass, credit and distinction
marks respectively
Most of candidates‟ failure to state matters that are being carried out
during risk assessment process as per requirements of the question in part
(c).
63
QUESTION 2: PUBLIC SECTOR EXTERNAL AUDITING
(a) Briefly explain FIVE elements of an assurance engagement.

(b) Use the given information regarding a person who has been serving
as a Board member of different corporations to:-
(i) Explain with reasons whether it is the CAG or the private firm
should be appointed to audit the financial statements of National
carrier.
(ii) Differentiate a „public audit‟ from a „private audit‟.
(iii) Explain the circumstances under which a private audit firm can
be appointed to audit a public company.

passed 267(33.8%), 193(24.4%) and 39(4.9%) candidates scored pass,
No major weakness observed
QUESTION 3: THE NATURE AND USE OF INTERNAL CONTROLS;

OBJECTIVES, PROCESS AND NEED FOR EXTERNAL AUDIT
AND ASSURENCE;
THE NATURE OF AUDIT EVIDENCE AND THE SELECTION
OF SUFFICIENT APPROPRIATE EVIDENCE
(a) Use the given information to concerning the importance of audit
working papers to audit trainees to:
(b) (i) Clearly explain why an auditor must prepare audit working
papers in the course of an audit assignment.
(ii) Identify the owners of the working papers and state the
circumstances under which working papers can be used by other
people
(c) Use the given information regarding the International Standard on
Auditing to explain any five benefits of the auditor planning the
audit of Financial Statements of client.
(d) Use the given information in relation to the commencement of the
final audit of the clients to
(i) Distinguish the responsibilities of management and the auditors
with regards to internal controls.
(ii)Identify four examples of external confirmations that a firm may
undertake. For each explain one assertion which will be
64
supported and one which will not be supported by that example of
external confirmation.
while the remaining 11(1.5%) candidates failed. Out of those who passed
264(35.4%), 332(44.5%) and 139(18.6%) candidates scored pass, credit
and distinction marks respectively
Some candidates failed to distinguish between management and auditors

responsibilities in relation to internal controls
QUESTION 4: INTERNAL AUDITOR OF ENTITIES;

OBJECTIVES, PROCESS AND NEED FOR EXTERNAL
AUDIT AND ASSURENCE;
PROFESSIONAL ETHICS PUBLIC INTEREST FUNDAMENTAL
OBJECTIVES, THREAT AND SAFEGUARDS TO
INDEPENDENCE
(a) Use the given information regarding the issue of outsourcing
external auditors to discuss the advantages and disadvantages to both
given person Associates of outsourcing internal audit functions
(b) Use the given information concerning about a company which has
specialised in the audit of retailers to explain the safeguards that
your firm should implement to ensure that this conflict of interest is
properly managed
(c) Use the given information concerning an auditor‟s responsibility to
express an opinion on the financial statements to describe external
auditor‟s responsibilities and the work that the auditor should
perform in relation to the going concern status of companies

candidates who answered the question only 222(45.1%) candidates
who passed 174(35.4%), 43(8.7%) and 05(1.0%) candidates scored pass,
Most of the candidates failed to relate case study with the requirements
of the question.
65
QUESTION 5: PROFESSIONAL ETHICS PUBLIC INTEREST FUNDAMENTAL
OBJECTIVES, THREAT AND SAFEGUARDS TO INDEPENDENCE

(a) Use the given information to which relates to IESBA‟s Code of
Ethics for professional accountants to:-
(i) State the key reason why accountants need to have an ethical
code?
(ii) Identify any two advantages of an ethical framework over a
rule based system.
(iii) Identify any four general sources of threats to independence.
(iv) Identify any two general categories of safeguards
(b) Use the given information in related to ISA 550 which addresses
related parties and related parties transactions to:
(i) Explain in one‟s own words the concepts of „Related Party‟ and
„Related Party Transactions.‟
(ii) Explain why, the identification of „related parties‟ and „material
related party transaction‟ can be difficult for auditors.

604 candidates who answered the question only 201(33.3%) candidates
who passed 176(29.1%), 24 (4,0%) and 01(0.2%) candidates scored
Most candidates failed to know the concepts “related party‟‟ and

“related party transaction”. Also failed to differentiate between company
transaction and related party transaction
QUESTION 6: THE NATURE OF AUDIT EVIDENCE AND THE SELECTION

OF SUFFICIENT APPROPRIATE EVIDENCE
Candidates were required to use the given information to related to ISA
500 Audit Evidence to:-
(a) Identify and describe the procedures for obtaining audit evidence.
(b) Describe an audit test using that procedure to obtain evidence as to
the balance of plant and equipment including the related balances
of accumulated depreciation and charges to income.
(c) Discuss considerations affecting your judgement as to the reliability
of the evidence with particular reference to the test described in
answer (b) above

candidates who answered the question 310(60.5%) candidates passed
66
passed 157 (30.6%), 109 (21.3%) and 44(8.6%) candidates scored pass,
Some candidates failed to discuss considerations affecting their

judgement as to be reliability of the evidence with particular reference to
be tested described in part (a) of the question which was the requirement
of part (c)
QUESTION 7: THE NATURE AND USE OF INTERNAL CONTROLS;

SELECTION OF SUFFICIENT APPROPRIATE EVIDENCE
(a) Use the given information which is related to audit sampling to:-
(i) Explain three situations where the auditor would be unlikely to

use sampling techniques.
(ii) Describe the factors which the auditor should consider when
determining the size of a sample.
(b) Indicate and explain each of the following type of control activities
as whether it is preventive or detection control:
(i) Authorisation
(ii) Performance review
(iii) Information processing
(iv) Segregation of duties
(c) Identify if they are material, pervasive or not material for each of the
following audit findings:
(i) Inappropriate application of the going concern assumption.
(ii) Inability to audit petty cash balance which accounts for less
than 1% of the total assets.
(iii) Your client is involved in a major litigation which, if they
lose, would result in the loss of their trading licence and
inability to continue trading. The case has not been settled at
the date you are signing the report.
(v) Disagreement over appropriateness of the depreciation policy
whose adjustment would reduce profit by 2%.
(vi) Inadequate disclosure of directors‟ remuneration in the notes
to the financial statements.
(vii) An error found in the statement of income which will reduce
a profit of TZS.30,000,000 to a loss of TZS.100,000,000 for
the year.

while the remaining 143 (24.8) candidates failed. Out of those who
67
passed 176 (30.5%), 189 (32.8%) and 69 (11.9%) candidates scored
Some candidates failed to understand the requirements of the question

where they confused two requirements of the question
(i) Identify the situation where auditor unlikely to use sampling
(ii) Identify factors that determine sample size

markers also found the paper to be well balanced, covering almost eight
five percent of the topics in the syllabus. The paper had a good mixture of
questions.

of 948 candidates, 665 (69.1%) candidates passed while the remaining
293(30.9%) candidates failed. Out of those who passed 552 (58.2%) and
103(10.9 %) candidates scored pass and credit marks respectively. No
candidate scored distinction marks in this question.
Candidates’ overall performance

10.1.5 below:
TABLE 10.1.5
CLASSIFICATION
OF MARKS 00-39 40-59 60-79 80-100 TOTAL
NO. OF CANDIDATES 293 552 103 00 948
(FREQUENCY)
PERCENTAGE 30.9 58.2 10.9 00 100
TABLE 10.1.6
EXAMINATIONS
No. of candidates % No. of candidates %
passed passed
282 59.9 665 69.1 9.2
68
B4 PUBLIC FINANCE AND TAXATION I

to apply knowledge of public finance, tax laws and principles in the computation
of tax liabilities, preparation and filing of tax returns; and in administering
compliance with the tax laws; both in the public sector and in the private sector.

four out of six questions in Section B

QUESTION 1: DETERMINATION OF TOTAL INCOME
(a) State five documents and relevant information that should be

forwarded to the tax office for opening a tax file for a taxable
company.
(b) Use the given information relating to one manufacturing company
which has provided the given accounts to the Tanzania Revenue
Authority for the given period to determine the company‟s
chargeable income as well as tax liability for the given period of
assessment.

879 candidates who answered the question only 246 (28,0%) candidates
question.
Most candidates failed to indicate the documents that are required when
opening file and wrong determination of taxable income.
69
QUESTION 2: INCOME TAX LAW
(a) Explain the meaning of „an employment‟.
(b) Use the given information relating to contract of service to
distinguish between „a contract of service‟ and „a contract for
service‟
(c) Use the given information in relation to employee‟s annual
emoluments and benefits to calculate the total income for the given
employee for the given year of income.
candidates who answered the question only 68 (9.3%) candidates passed
Most candidates were unable to calculate total income and failed to
differentiate the given terms in section (b)
QUESTION 3: VAT AND OTHER INDIRECT TAXES

(a) Use the given information in relation to four types of supplies for
Value Added Tax purposes to briefly explain VAT implication of:-
(i) Zero rated supplies
(ii) Special relief supplies
(iii) Exempt supplies
(b) From given information related to the company which deals with
extraction of stones from a quarry and sells the stones to another
company to show how VAT is charged and collected.
(c) Differentiate between two given terms „mixed supplies‟ and

„composite supplies‟.

Most candidates failed to show how VAT is collected at each stage.
70
QUESTION 4: CUSTOMS AND EXCISE DUTY.
From the given information candidates were required to;-
(a) Explain the meaning of the given term and its importance.
(b) Explain problems of implementing the East African Customs
Union Rules.
(c) Explain in what forms does smuggling occur and the problems
associated with smuggling.

question.
Most candidates failed to explain problems of implementing EAC
Custom Union Rules.
QUESTION 5: TAX LAW, ADMINISTRATION AND PRACTICE

(GENERAL ISSUES)
Candidates were required to use the given information regarding the
problem of tax avoidance and evasion to:-
(a) Briefly discuss the effects of tax evasion and avoidance in Tanzania.
(b) Discuss with examples, international and national perspective of tax
evasion and avoidance.
(c) Briefly discuss measures taken by the government of the United
Republic of Tanzania to deal with the problem of tax evasion and
avoidance.

question.
Most candidates failed to discuss measures taken by the Government of

Tanzania, instead they wrote on what measures should be taken to deal
with the problem of tax evasion and avoidance.
71
QUESTION 6: INCOME TAX LAW
(a) Explain briefly the requirements for filing returns in respect of
income of an individual.
(b) Use the given information concerning Income Tax Act 2004 in
Tanzania to state the items to be set out in the Notice of Appeal.

distinction marks respectively. No candidate scored credit marks in this
question.
Most candidates were poor in mastering of the topic
QUESTION 7: PUBLIC FINANCE

(a) Find the equilibrium price and quantity.
(b) Use the given information regarding the market of motorcycles to:
(i) Find what will be the number of given product sold once tax
is imposed.
(ii) Calculate the number of motorcycles sold in the given market
once the given tax has been imposed
(iii) Calculate the amount of tax incidence on consumers on the
basis of tax described in part (ii)

question.
Those who failed were unable to apply the tax imposed in the question.
72

markers also found the paper to be well balanced with excellent spread of
the topics in the syllabus. The paper had a good mixture of theoretical and
computational questions.

of those who passed 245 (27.9%) and 01 (0.1%) candidates scored pass
and credit marks respectively. No candidate scored distinction marks in
this question.

10.1.7 below:
TABLE 10.1.7
CLASSIFICATION OF
MARKS 00-39 40-59 60-79 80-100 TOTAL
(FREQUENCY)
PERCENTAGE 72 27.9 0.1 0.0 100%
TABLE 10.1.8
B4 COMPARISON OF PASS RATE WITH NOVEMBER 2014 EXAMINATIONS

448 73.1 246 28.0 45.1
73
B5 PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT

to apply knowledge and skills of financial and non-financial data analysis in
providing information and decision support to management for decision-making,
performance evaluation, and control.

QUESTION 1: DECISIONS-MAKING TECHNIQUES – INFORMATION FOR

DECISION MAKING
(a) Candidates were required to use the given information regarding a
friend who would like to benefit from performance management
competencies to maximise returns from his business to calculate:-
(i) The expected demand for tickets per the given event.
(ii) The level of purchases per given event that will give the largest
profit over a long period of time.
(iii) The profit per the given event that the level of purchases in (ii)
above will yield
(b) From the given information candidates were required to give an
appropriate advice on the given case with regard to maximum sum
one should pay to a given company.

Most candidates failed to comprehend the requirements of the question.
74
QUESTION 2: BUDGETARY PLANNING AND CONTROL
Candidates were required to use the given information to which was
about a summary of operating data for a given company as per the given
period of time to:-
(a) Prepare a budgetary control report comparing the planned operating

budget with the actual results for the given year.
(b) Prepare a budgetary control report that would be useful in
pinpointing responsibility for the different unit section managers in
in given year.
(c) Justify the strength of the report prepared in (b) over the one in (a)
above.

those who passed 42 (2.6%), 04 (0.2%) and 01 (0.1%) candidates scored
Most candidates failed to prepare budgetary control report, compare the

planned operating budget and compute variances.
QUESTION 3: VARIANCE ANALYSIS

Candidates were required to use the given information regarding a
company that uses standard costing partly for departmental evaluation
purposes to analyse each of the given raw materials and direct labour
variances into planning and operational variances.
Most candidates demonstrated very poor understanding of advanced

variances particularly planning and operational variances.
75
QUESTION 4: COST ACCOUNTING TECHNIQUES
Candidates were required to use the given in relation to the use of
absorption costing income statements for evaluating profit to:-
(a) Identify and explain the missing information

(b) Prepare an alternative statement of income and show how its profit
differs from the profit that is reported in the statement of income that
was prepared by the Management Accountant.
(c) Reconcile the income differences and add brief notes that will enable
manager to understand that absorption costing distorts the reported
income if inventory levels change.

1,931 candidates who answered the question only 51 (2.6%) candidates
those who passed 32 (1.7%), 15 (0.7%) and 04 (0.2%) candidates scored
Most candidates did not understand the topic, especially the different
between marginal cost and absorption cost.
QUESTION 5: PERFOMANCE MEASUREMENT AND CONTROL

Candidates were required to use the given information to which was
about a company which is a highly decentralised company where each
division manager has full authority for sourcing and selling decisions
to:-
(a) Analyse the advantages or disadvantages in terms of annual

operating income to a given company as a whole if the assembly
division buys pistons internally from the machining division
under each of the given cases.
(b) Use the given case to explain how one would respond to a given
person about the request of forcing the assembly division to
purchase all of its pistons from the machining division.
those who passed 109 (8.0%) and 16 (1.1%) candidates scored pass and
question.
Most candidates were unable to provide analysis on the advantages or
disadvantages in terms of the annual operating income. Also they did not
explain their response in terms of the advantages and disadvantages.
76
QUESTION 6: PRICING DECISION
Candidates were required to use the given information to which is about
a company which is about to launch a new product into the market to:-
(a) Establish the demand function (equation) for the given product
units.
(b) Calculate the marginal cost for each unit of the given product after
adjusting the labour cost as required by note (a) above.
(c) Calculate the optimum price and quantity.
(d) Explain what is meant by the given strategies and discuss whether
either strategy might be suitable for the company when launching
the product mentioned.

1705 candidates who answered the question only 228 (13.4%)
Most candidates failed to develop the demand function, also they failed
to use learning function to find the cost of labour in order to develop the
cost function.
QUESTION 7: COST ACCOUNTING TECHNIQUES – ACTIVITY BASED

COST AND TRADITIONAL APPROACH IN COST
ALLOCATION
Candidates were required to use the given information which was about
a company which manufactures two types of products and it applies
overhead on the basis of direct labour hours throughout the factory to
compute;-
(a) The overhead absorption rates that would be used for order
processing, machine processing, and product inspection in an
activity-based costing system.
(b) The unit manufacturing costs of the given products if the expected
manufacturing volume is attained.
(c) (i) How much overhead costs would be applied to a unit of given
products.
(ii)Using the answers in (i) above, show which of the two products
would be undercosted or overcosted by this procedure.
(iii) State the major limitations of activity based costing
77
1927 candidates who answered the question only 834 (43.3%)
Most candidates failed to distinguish between ABC and traditional cost

approach.

markers also found the paper to be well balanced. The paper had a good
mixture of theoretical and computational questions.

Out of 2,371 candidates who answered the examination only 537 (22.6%)
candidates passed while the remaining 1,834 (77.4%) candidates failed.
Out of those who passed 487 (20.5%), 48 (2.0%) and 02 (0.1%) candidates

10.1.9 below:
TABLE 10.1.9

NO. OF CANDIDATES 1834 487 48 02 2371
(FREQUENCY)
PERCENTAGE 77.4 20.5 2.0 0.1 100
TABLE 10.1.10
EXAMINATIONS
720 25.9 537 22.6 3.3
78
B6 MANAGEMENT, GOVERNANCE AND ETHICS
to apply principles of strategic management, good governance and business ethics
management and administrative functions of an organisation.


QUESTION 1: STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT, GOVERNANCE AND ETHICS
Candidates where required to use given information concerning the

conditions for the growth of a business to;-
(a) Analyse how corporate strategies operate at the given three levels:-
(i) Corporate level
(ii) Business level
(iii) Operational level
(b) Use the given information regarding the Board of Directors to name
and explain various issues to look at when assessing the Board of
Directors
(c) Use the given information concerning ethical dilemma to explain

how one would control the given dilemma without distracting
working relationship in the organization
79
QUESTION 2: STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT AND ETHICS
(a) Candidates where required to:

(i) Use the given information regarding market competition to
enumerate with examples at least five ways in which small
business may undergo in order to deal with competitive
market forces.
(ii) Use the given information concerning about the importance
of studying demographic factors when one wants to establish
a business to explain five major demographic factors that one
would consider before establishing a business.
(b) Use the given information with regard to the combat of corruption to
identify and explain the reasons that lead to an increase of corruption
in developing countries.
(c) Use the given statement with regard to the challenges facing an
auditor to:-
(i) Define what is „self-review‟
(ii) Name and explain four examples of self-review threats
passed 160 (22.0), 337 (46.4%) and 193 (26.6%) candidates scored pass,
QUESTION 3: GOVERNANCE AND ETHICS

(a) Identify five main departments and their functions in a business
company. Mention at least two functions for each department.
(b) Elaborate different types of Board of Directors.
(c) Identify and explain at least five unethical practices performed by
sales managers in business organizations.

No major weakness was noted
80
QUESTION 4: STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT AND ETHICS
(a) (i) Analyse the importance of business plan to any entrepreneur.
(ii)Explain at least four ways in which a leader can increase his
referent power.
(b) Elucidate factors behind voluntary disclosure.
(c) Explain at least four types of ethical dilemmas facing accountants.
Most candidates were not adequately prepared in this topic.
QUESTION 5: RISK AND RISK MANAGEMENT, GOVERNANCE AND

ETHICS
(a) (i) Elaborate various types of risks that face entrepreneurs.
(ii)Name and explain various ways of managing risks in a business
industry.
(b) Discuss at least four issues involved in supervising the management
by the Board of Directors.
(c) Enumerate features of ethical relativism.

No major common weakness was noted in this question
81
QUESTION 6: STRATEGIC IMPLEMENTATION AND ETHICS
(a) Discuss the importance of succession planning towards the

performance of an organization.
(b) Discuss five key functions of CEOs.
(c) Give brief explanations about theories provided (non-

consequentialist and consequentialist theories)

Most candidates were not aware of what is succession planning.
QUESTION 7: RESISTANCE TO CHANGE, STRATEGY IMPLEMENTATION,

DECISION-MAKING MODEL, ETHICAL CONDUCT MANUAL
(a) (i) Analyse the circumstances in which an organization can deal with
to reduce resistance to change in organizations.
(ii)Discuss any two factors that are important in an organization in
implementing a strategy.
(b) Identify the five questions to be answered before making any
decision as per Tucker‟s 5-question model.
(c) State the main ethical issues to be included in organizational code of
ethical conduct manual.
Some of the candidates failed to discuss factors that are important in an

organization in implementing a strategy.
82

the questions examined and time allocated for each question, with a wider
spread of topics within the syllabus.

passed while the remaining 64 (8.1%) candidates failed. Out of those who
examination paper.

10.1.11 below:
TABLE 10.1.11

(FREQUENCY)
PERCENTAGE 8.1 66.1 25.8 0.0 100
TABLE 10.1.12
EXAMINATIONS
217 74.8 730 91.9 17.1
83
INTRA LEVELS ANALYSIS OF CANDIDATES’ PERFORMANCE –
FOUNDATION AND INTERMEDIATE
Under the revised examination scheme and syllabi, the Board does not allow its
candidates to sit both levels. However, it allowed those who were referred to sit for a
referral paper and a full level, during the transitional period.
The analysis below shows performance of the 128 candidates who sat for examination
papers in both Foundation and Intermediate levels.
The performance is as indicated hereunder:
FOUNDATION AND INTERMEDIATE

S/No. COMBINATION Number Percent
1 Pass Both 7 5.5
2 Pass FOUND, Partial Pass INTER 40 31.3
3 Pass FOUND, Fail INTER 28 21.9
4 Partial Pass FOUND, Pass INTER 0 0
6 Partial Pass FOUND, Fail INTER 13 10.1
7 Fail FOUND, Pass INTER 0 0
8 Fail FOUND, Partial Pass INTER 13 10.1
9 Fail Both 18 14.1
Total 128 100%
84
FINAL LEVEL EXAMINATIONS
The Final Level examinations are the last level of the three-tier professional examination
system of the Board.
The final level examinations consist of four subjects as mentioned hereunder:-
C1 Corporate Reporting
C2 Auditing and Assurance
C3 Business and Corporate Finance
C4 Public Finance and Taxation II
These examination papers have been tested for the second third in this examination
session.
The examination draws candidates from:-

(a) Candidates who were referring P15 Financial Reporting II and P20 Contemporary
Issues in Accounting in the phased out syllabus where these candidates sat for C1
Corporate Reporting in the current syllabus
(b) Candidates who were referring P18 Auditing and Assurance Services in the phased
out syllabus where these candidates sat for C2 Auditing and Assurance Services
(c) Candidates who were referring P16 International Finance in the phased out syllabus
where these candidates sat for C3 Business and Corporate Finance in the current
syllabus and
(d) Candidates who were referring P17 Public Finance and Taxation in the phased out
syllabus where these candidates sat for C4 Public Finance and Taxation II in the
current syllabus
The performance of the candidates who attempted both modules is shown at the end of
the level‟s report.
85
During the November 2015 examination session, 1,956 candidates sat for Final Level
examinations out of whom 167 (8.5%) have passed this level and therefore eligible
for the award of STATEMENT OF SUCCESS, 594 (30.4%) have passed some of the
subjects while 1,195 (61.1%) have failed the examinations.
The general performance subject-wise for the Final level examination in this session is as
shown on Table 12.1 below:
TABLE 12.1
MODULE E SUBJECT -WISE PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS

Performance
Code Subject November 2014 May 2015 November 2015
C1 1514 485 32 1288 539 41.8 1,060 228 21.5

Corporate Reporting
C2 Auditing and 1632 790 48.4 12111 596 49.2 1,048 433 41.3
Assurance
C3 Business and 626 243 38.8 672 212 31.5 776 88 11.3
Corporate Finance
C4 Public Finance and 758 371 48.9 777 563 72.5 710 290 40.8
Taxation II
86
C1 CORPORATE REPORTING
Principal learning outcome of this paper is to test candidates‟ ability to financial
reporting standards and corporate law in preparing, analysing and evaluating
corporate reports by entities, both in the private and public sectors.

This examination paper comprised two sections with six questions. Candidates
were required to answer four questions. Question one which carried 40 % was
compulsory

In this paper, topics examined and candidates‟ performances were as follows:
QUESTION 1: PREPARING AND REPORTING INFORMATION FOR

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND NOTES.
THE REPORTING FRAMEWORK, GENERALLY ACCEPTED
PRACTICE AND CURRENT ISSUES.
(a) Discuss the philosophy behind „rules based‟ and „principles
based‟ accounting standards, setting out the ethical challenges
which may be faced by accountants if there were a switch
depending on a jurisdiction from „rules based‟ to „principles
based‟ accounting standards.
(b) Prepare a consolidated statement of profit or loss and other
comprehensive income for the given year end of the given
Company Group as per appropriate International Financial
Reporting Standards (IFRS).
Candidates‟ performance in this question was not satisfactory. All

1060 candidates who answered the question failed.
Major weakness in this question was that most candidates failed to

understand the philosophy behind rules based and principal based
accounting standards and jurisdiction ethical challenge during
transformation from „rules based‟ to „principles based‟ accounting
standards. Also most candidates fail to prepare a consolidated
statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income.
87
Candidates were required to use given information to;-
(a) State the provisions of IAS 41: Agriculture, regarding
recognition and measurement of biological assets and
agricultural produce in the preparation and presentation of
financial statements
(b) Prepare extracts of the statement of comprehensive income
and the Statement of Financial Position that show how
transactions entered into by given person in respect of
purchase and maintenance of the dairy herd would be
reflected in the financial statements of the entity for the given
year end.

those who passed 264 (34.0%), 213 (27.5%) and 48 (6.2%)
No major weakness was observed.
QUESTION 3: FINANCIAL AND BUSINESS ANALYSIS
(a) State with reasons, whether each of the above six
suggestions(taken in turn) could lead to a reduction in ROCE
(b) Candidates are required to use given information to
(i) Calculate Gearing ratio, Return On Capital Employed
(ROCE), Earnings Per Share (EPS), Return on
Shareholders Fund (ROSF) and any other four ratios
that would be helpful in assessing the performance of a
given company. Use given end-of-year values and
calculate ratios for both 2013 and 2014.
(ii) Using the ratios calculated in (a) above and any others
you consider helpful, comment on the business‟s
performance from the viewpoint of a prospective
purchase of a majority of shares.
Some candidates could not compute the ratios in (b)(i) as observed.
88
QUESTION 4: INTERPRETATION AND EVALUATION OF FINANCIAL
INFORMATION AND DISCLOSURE
Candidates were required to use given information to:-
(a) Prepare notes for the financial accountant setting out and
explaining how each of the above matters should be
accounted for and disclosed in the financial statements of
given company for the given year end.
(b) Explain why it is important for entities to understand the
impact of the classification of a financial instrument as debt
or equity in the financial statements.

of 524 candidates who answered the question only 145 (27.7%)
failed. Out of those who passed 122 (23.3%) and 23(4.4%)
scored distinction marks in this question.
Most candidates did not understand the requirements of the

question.

(a) Define „event after reporting date‟.
(b) Use the given scenario to identify after reporting date
Events/transactions, indicating whether they are adjusting or non-
adjusting and give out the reasons.
(c) Restate Provide the financial director with advice in regard to
applying the standard with reference to the possible acquisition and
its implication on the Pool group
There were neither credit nor distinction marks in this questions.
Most candidates failed to identify year end adjusting /non adjusting
events according to IAS 10.
89
Candidates were required to use the given information to.
(a) Translate the financial statements from the functional currency to

the presentational currency.
(b) Calculate the exchange difference that would be recorded in
statement of income for the given year end.
(c) Provide the financial director with advice in regard to applying the
standard with reference to the possible acquisition and its
implication on the Pool group.
(d) Provide the financial director with advice in regard to applying the
standard with implication of consolidating given parent company.

passed 314 (39.5), 115 (14.5%) and 3 (0.4%) candidates scored pass,
90
The panel of examiners found that the question had an appropriate mixture
of questions, the distribution of marks and the time allocated was
adequate. The paper had easy and difficult questions which were all within
the prescribed syllabus.
(b) Candidates’ overall performance of the paper

Candidates‟ performance in this examination paper was not
satisfactory. Out of 1060 candidates who attempted the paper 228
(21.5%) candidates passed while the remaining 832 (78.5%)
candidates failed. Out of those who passed 226 (21.3%) and 02
(0.2%) candidates scored pass and credit marks respectively. No
candidate scored distinction marks in this examination paper.

below:
TABLE 12.1.1
C1 CANDIDATES’ PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS
Classification of Marks 0-39 40-59 60-79 80-100 Total
Percentage 78.49 21.3 0.2 0 100
TABLE 12.1.2
C1 COMPARISON OF PASS RATE WITH NOVEMBER 2014 EXAMINATIONS
November 2014 November 2015 %
No. of candidates passed % No. of candidates passed % decrease
485 32.0 228 21.5 10.5
91
C2 AUDITING AND ASSURANCE SERVICES

auditing and assurance standards and relevant laws in undertaking and managing
auditing and assurance engagements in complex auditing and reporting situations.
II: STRUCTURE OF THE QUESTIONPAPER

were required to answer four questions. Question one carried 40% was
compulsory

QUESTION 1: I. ASSESMENT OF RISKS, INTERNAL CONTROLS,

INTERNAL FINANCIAL CONTROLS.
II. EVALUATION OF ACCOUNTING TREATMENTS.
III. PLANNING AND UNDERTAKING WORK
Candidates were required to use given information to:
(a) With examples explain any five matters that the auditor should
consider in determining whether a deficiency in internal
controls is significant.
(b) Discuss any five (5) benefits of documenting audit work.
(c) Discuss the implications of the matters described above on the
completion of the audit and on the auditor‟s report,
recommending any further actions which should be taken by
the auditor

Most candidates demonstrated a very weak understanding of scenario

type questions, and they reproduced their theoretical understanding.
92
QUESTION 2: ACCEPTING ENGAGEMENTS AND MANAGING
ASSIGNMENTS
Candidates were required to use given information to comment on the
quality control, ethical and professional issues raised in respect of the
audit of given company and the firm wide policies of given Associates,
recommend any actions to be taken by the audit firm.

QUESTION 3: EXTERNAL AUDIT IN PUBLIC SECTOR

(a) Use given information to:

(i) Explain the Constitutional mandates of the Controller and
Auditor General.
(ii) Describe responsibilities of the Controller and Auditor
General.
(iii) Briefly elaborate any two types of audit conducted by the
Controller and Auditor General.
(b) Discuss the value for money concepts in connection with the
public sector audit.

candidates who answered the question, 685(75.8%) candidates passed
93
QUESTION 4: I. ASSESMENT OF RISKS, INTERNAL CONTROLS,
INTERNAL FINANCIAL CONTROLS.
II. ACCEPTING ENGAGEMENTS AND MANAGING
ASSIGNMENTS.
III. LEGAL, REGULATORY AND ETHICAL ISSUES
Candidates were required to use given information to:-
(a) Discuss any going concern issues you may have, clearly stating the
responsibility of management and auditors.
(b) (i) Describe the meaning of „money laundering‟.
(ii) Comment on the adherence of professional ethics on
reporting money laundering activities to competent
authorities.
(c) Describe how the firm may use analytical review in assessing the
risk in a given company and suggest the information you may
require to enable you to use analytical reviews.

who passed 218 (33.3%), 80(12.2%) and 05 (0.8%) candidates scored
Most of candidates concentrated in writing responsibilities and function

of the Controller and Auditor General and forget about power which was
the requirement of the question.
QUESTION 5: LEGAL, REGULATORY AND ETHICAL ISSUES

Candidates were required to use the given information to.
(a) With Describe the matters you should consider and the action you
will take to ensure your firm remains independent as external
auditor of the annual financial statements
(b) Describe the advantages and disadvantages to which will be gained
by given company for your firm providing them internal audit
services.
(c) Describe the advantages and disadvantages to your firm for
providing internal audit services to given company.
94
QUESTION 6: DRAWING CONCLUSIONS AND REPORTING
Candidates were required to comment on the suitability of the
recommended audit opinions clearly stating the arguments for or against
the recommendations.
Most candidates failed to comment on the suitability of the recommended
audit opinions clearly stating the arguments for or against the
recommendations.

of those who passed 411 (39.2%), 20 (1.9%) and 02 (0.2%) candidates
scored pass, credit and distinction marks respectively
12.1.3 below:
TABLE 12.1.3
Percentage 58.68 39.22 1.9 0.2 100
TABLE 12.1.4
790 48.4 433 41.3 7.1
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C3 BUSINESS AND CORPORATE FINANCE

business and financial theories, concepts and analytical frameworks in evaluating
and assessing business strategy, business and financing options as well as
financial engineering products and provide advice based on such assessments.
II: STRUCTURE OF THE QUESTIONPAPER

were required to answer four questions. Question one carried 40% was
compulsory

QUESTION 1: I. BUSINESS STRATEGY

II. FINANCIAL ENGINEERING AND PLANNING
(a) Use given information to:

(i) Assess given company‟s current position using SWOT
analysis. Each point should be clearly explained and the most
important factors should be highlighted. Where appropriate,
make reasonable assumptions.
(ii) Write a memorandum to the directors, as a strategic advisor,
which develop the above SWOT analysis to set out the key
features of a strategic plan for the given company. Use the
following headings:
• Future investment policy and financial resources

• Organizational structure
• Future strategic direction
(b) Assume the swap goes ahead on the original terms proposed by a
given Commercial Bank and the LIBOR turns out to be 9% per
annum for the whole year, advise a given company on the
worthiness of the proposed swap.

Most candidates failed to given company‟s current position using

SWOT analysis and to advise a given company on the worthiness of
the proposed swap.
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QUESTION 2: FINANCIAL ANALYSIS
(a) Calculate the company‟s Weighted Average Cost of Capital

(WACC) as at given specific date.
(b) Write a brief report to the board of directors highlighting the
factors that the directors need to consider when making the
financing decision between debt and equity.
question.
Most candidates failed to calculate company‟s Weighted Average Cost of

Capital (WACC) as at given specific date and highlighting the factors
that the directors need to consider when making the financing decision
between debt and equity.
.
QUESTION 3: I.WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT
II.FINANCIAL ANALYSIS
(a) Candidates were required to use given information to comment on
the argument that „profitability‟ and „liquidity‟ are twin objectives
of working capital management
(b) Candidates were required to use given information to
(i) Calculate and comment on the current price of a given
Company‟s bond.
(ii) Prepare a brief report for a given company‟s Board which
describes the usefulness of duration and calculate:
 Duration of the bond
 Change in bond price both in percentage and in TZS should
the market interest rates increase from 10% to 12% as per
management forecast
question.
Most candidates failed calculate and comment on the current price of the
given company‟s bond and provide argument that „profitability‟ and
„liquidity‟ are twin objectives of working capital management
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QUESTION 4: FINANCIAL ENGINEERING AND PLANNING
(a) Candidates were required to use given information to:-
(i) Calculate TZS receivable by a given Company if, to hedge
its receipt from a given Company, it uses:
a. Traded Currency Options
b. Sterling Future
Assume a spot rate of TZS.2,429/£ on 1st January 2016 and
futures price of TZS.2,433
(ii) Advise a given Company‟s management how it should
proceed with reference to the calculations in part (i) above,
(b) Use the given information supported by a calculated EVA of a
given company as at given year end to prepare a report to examine
its usefulness and limitations.
387candidates who answered the question only 19 (4.9%) candidates
question.
Most candidates failed to calculate receivables on hedging in options,
futures and EVA.
QUESTION 5: FINANCIAL ENGINEERING AND PLANNING
(a) Candidates were required to use the given information to:
(i) Calculate how much given Company would have to pay in TZS if
a forward contract was used to hedge the transaction risk.
(ii) Calculate how much given Company would have to pay in TZS if
the money market was used to hedge the transaction risk.
(iii) Advise a given Company on the more economical hedging
alternative
(b) Candidate were required to use the given information to:
(i) Calculate given company‟s current gearing based on market
values and measured as:
 Debt/(Debt + Equity)
 Debt/Equity
(ii) Evaluate the Finance Director‟s stated opinion that given
company‟s gearing should not be increased in the current
economic climate. Your answer should take into account:
 The risk profile of a given company
 Practical considerations affecting the optimum choice of
gearing.
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The majority of candidates failed to evaluate the Finance Director‟s

stated opinion.
QUESTION 6: BUSINESS ANALYSIS

Candidates were required to use the given information to estimate the
value of given Company using:-
(a) Net Assets Value (Replacement Cost)

(b) Dividend Based Valuation
(c) P/E Ratio valuation
(d) Discounted Cash flow Valuation

Candidates failed to adhere to the requirements of the question. .
99
satisfactory. Out of 776 candidates who answered the paper 88
candidates failed. Out of those who passed 87 (11.2%) and 01 (0.1%)
scored distinction marks in this examination paper.
12.1.5 below:
TABLE 12.1.5
Percentage 88.66 11.2 0.1 0 100
TABLE 12.1.6
243 38.8 88 11.3 27.5
100
C4 PUBLIC FINANCE AND TAXATION II
knowledge of public finance, tax laws and Financial Reporting Standards and
Corporate Law in preparing, analysing and evaluating corporate reports by
entities, both in the private and public sectors.
were required to answer four questions. Question one carried 40% which was
compulsory

QUESTION 1: PUBLIC FINANCE AND TAXATION THEORY AND POLICY
Candidates were required to use given information:
(a) Analyse the explanatory factors that could cause a drop in tax
revenue.
(b) Using the experience above, explain why this is the case and
justify whether there is a positive correlation between revenue
and expenditure instability
(c) Advise on the fiscal and non-fiscal measures which may combat
that problem.
(d) Discuss your understanding of this statement in the light of
essential elements of a sound tax reform and relevant measures
to widen tax base.
(e) Critically appraise this statement in the light of current tax
exemption practices in a given country
(f) Give comments on the persistent fiscal imbalances, over the
decades when the given country‟s tax base still appears to rest
heavily on the traditional excise and consumption tax base.

those who passed 64(9.1%) and 01 (0.1%) candidates scored pass and
credit marks respectively. No candidate scored distinction marks in
this question
Most of candidates demonstrated poor understanding in public finance
issues.
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QUESTION 2: TAX LAW AND PRACTICE
(a) Critically advise on tax assessment in accordance with URT legal

provisions on issues provided in question.
(b) Candidates were required to
(i) Differentiate between „GDP at factor cost‟ from the „GDP

at market Price‟.
(ii) Compute the following from the above given data:
 GDP (at factor cost)
 GDP (at market price)
 GNP
 Gross Domestic Expenditure
 Gross National Expenditure
 Net Domestic Product
 Net National Product
 Derivation of Net factor income from abroad
scored pass, credit and distinction marks respective
Most candidates failed to compute economic growth measures
parameters like GDP, GNP NDP and NNP.
QUESTION 3: I. PUBLIC FINANCE

II.TAX LAW AND PRACTICE
Candidates were required to use given information to
(a) State what changes would be suggested, to be made to the

provisions of the Income Tax Act, Cap 332 R.E. 2008 to reflect
the Government‟s policy of encouraging agriculture under the big
results now slogan
(b) Evaluate this statement in light of the role of government

intervention through taxation policy.
(c) Illustrate, through hypothetical figures, on how transfer pricing can
be used by multination‟s to maximize their after tax profits by tax
avoidance.
(i) Discuss on various measures aimed at solving the problem of
avoiding tax through transfer pricing.
102
(ii) Outline Tanzania Revenue Authority‟s (TRA‟s) response in
addressing the issue of transfer pricing.
(iii) Discuss the effect of transfer pricing on the tax burden
carried by other tax payers.
(iv) Analyse how abuses in transfer pricing strategies may arise.

pass, credit and distinction marks respective
Most candidates expressed poor understanding of the terms that were

used in the question.
QUESTION 4: SETTLEMENT OF TAX DISPUTES
Candidates were required to;-
(a) Outline the full procedure provided for by the Tax Revenue
Appeals Act, 2000 for handling disputes relating to assessments.
(b) Distinguish between the Tax Revenue Appeals Tribunal and the
Tax Revenue Appeals Board.

Few candidates showed poor knowledge in explain procedure provided
for by the Tax Revenue Appeals Act, 2000 for handling disputes
relating to assessments.
QUESTION 5: TAX LAW AND PRACTICE: INCOME TAXATION

(a) Compute the total taxable income from the partnership business.
(b) Distribute the profit amongst the partners for the given year end.
(c) Ascertain the taxable income of each partner for the given year of
income.

366 candidates who answered the examination only 78 (21.3%)
103
Out of those who passed 74 (20.2%), and 04 (1.1%) candidates scored
pass, credit respectively. No candidate scored distinction in this question.
Most candidates could not compute total taxable income from the
partnership business.
QUESTION 6: TAXATION FOR SPECILAISED INDUSTRY

(a) Explain with reference to the Income Tax Act, Cap 332 R.E. 2008,
the significance of classifying a person as resident in the United
Republic for income tax purposes.
(b) Explain what conditions should be fulfilled before any foreign tax
credit relief can be granted
(c) (i) Calculate the taxable income of given Insurance Company for
the contract.
(ii) Calculate the taxable income of given Insurance Company from
the contract.

474 candidates who answered the examination only 117 (24.7%)
Out of those who passed 93 (19.6%), and 24 (5.1%) candidates scored
pass, credit respectively. No candidate scored distinction in this
question.
Most candidates could not compute total taxable income from the
insurance company‟s and explain conditions that should be fulfilled
before any foreign tax credit relief can be granted.
104

satisfactory. Out of 710 candidates who answered the paper 290
candidates failed. Out of those who passed 277 (39.0%), 13 (1.8%)
candidates scored pass marks respectively. No candidate scored
distinction marks in this examination paper

12.1.7 below:
TABLE 12.1.7
Percentage 59.15 39.0 1.8 0 100
TABLE 12.1.8
371 48.9 290 40.8 8.1
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INTRA-LEVELS ANALYSIS OF CANDIDATES’ PERFORMANCE –
INTERMEDIATE AND FINAL LEVELS
Under the revised examination scheme and syllabus, the Board does not allow its
candidates to attempt both levels. However, it allowed those who were caught in
transition from the phased out syllabus to the new syllabus during the transitional period.
The analysis below shows performance of the 871 candidates who sat examination papers
in the Intermediate and Final Levels respectively.
Their performance is as indicated hereunder:
INTERMEDIATE & FINAL

S/No. COMBINATION
Number Percent
1 Pass Both 34 3.9
2 Pass INTER, Partial Pass FINAL 0 0
3 Pass INTER, Fail FINAL 86 9.9
4 Partial Pass INTER, Pass FINAL 0 0
6 Partial Pass INTER, Fail FINAL 26 3
7 Fail INTER, Pass FINAL 37 4.2
8 Fail INTER, Partial Pass FINAL 0 0
9 Fail Both 688 78.9
Total 871 100%
106
CHAPTER III
EXAMINERS’ RECOMMENDATIONS TO THE TUTORS AND STUDENTS

In each examination session, the panel of examiners come up with suggestions to both
Tutors and Students which are aimed at improving future candidates‟ performance.
These recommendations arise from shortcomings observed in the course of marking the
candidates‟ scripts.
RECOMMENDATIONS TO TUTORS
Guidance to the candidates
1. Tutors should encourage their students to create a habit of reading current issues
and keeping themselves abreast with the issues taking place within and globally.
This will assist them in answering the questions that are of general nature and at
the same time improve their vocabulary.
2. Tutors should encourage their students to put more efforts in their studies while
preparing for the examinations. They should ensure that only those students who
have performed well in the class tests and mock examinations are allowed to sit
for the Board‟s examinations.
3. Tutors should encourage their students to read extensively and do a lot of
exercises. They should discourage students from cramming the questions and
their solutions as this will not assist them during the examinations.
4. Tutors should encourage students to devote more time in their studies and help
them to obtain relevant materials and reference books for the particular subjects.
5. Tutors should expose their students to examination techniques including how to
tackle a question in on examination room.
Teaching and learning materials
6. Tutors should prepare and update their teaching notes (competence based) that
can be made available to their students.
7. Tutors should introduce an „examination technique‟ topic during the course of
training. The examination techniques in one of the crucial areas that play a vital
role to students when it comes to answering examination questions.
8. Tutors should devote their time to prepare appropriate case study questions and
orient students especially those at higher levels on how to tackle case study
questions.
107
9. Tutors should make sure that they concentrate on teaching using NBAA Learning
Materials and other supplementary relevant learning materials to cover the
syllabus adequately. It is important that the tutors should prepare work-plans that
guide them in covering the entire syllabus of the subjects they teach.
10. Tutors should devote their time to attend NBAA seminars, workshops and
Training of Trainers workshops in order to be aware of current emerging
professional issues.
Evaluating the candidates

11. Tutors should at a certain point of time, prepare mock examinations that would
test the students understanding and segregate weak from strong students whom
should be given more exercises and attention before they can be allowed to
register for the examinations. The mock examinations should cover typical
examination questions in an examination atmosphere thereby familiarizing the
students to similar conditions that they would encounter when taking their
examinations.
Effective teaching
12. Tutors should prepare scheme of works/lesson plans that will guide them during
the teaching process. Teaching plans have to be provided to enable the students
be aware of what has to be covered and at what time.
13. Tutors should ensure that they are using relevant and up-to-date teaching
materials in order to avoid misleading the students.
14. Tutors should ensure that they attend short courses regarding teaching
methodologies in order to improve their teaching styles and acquire modern
teaching methodologies.
15. Tutors should take time to read comments prepared by markers which have been
summarized in the Examiners‟ and Performance Report. By so doing they will
understand their shortfalls and improve in the respective areas mentioned by the
markers.
16. For the subjects which need practical orientation like auditing, it would be much
better for the trainers to invite practicing auditors to teach some of the topics.
17. Tutors should avoid spoon feeding the students, instead they have to apply
various participatory teaching methods in order to bring about effective learning
among the students.
18. Tutors should in as much as possible try to observe the weaknesses of their
students and address them by equipping them with different skills on the subject
matter especially on new statutes.
108
19. Tutors should at all times be up-to-date with emerging teaching techniques and
should apply them. Tutors should also apply the techniques that make the learner
think more rather than cramming.
20. Tutors should ensure that they equip themselves with knowledge and skills that
are required to teach effectively the students under competence based syllabi
21. Tutors should assist students on how to use the learning materials for effectively
learning
RECOMMENDATIONS TO STUDENTS
Applying appropriate learning styles
22. Students should develop a culture of reading NBAA Learning materials, various
textbooks and journals in order to get an in depth knowledge and understanding of
the subject matter.
23. Students should develop study schedules that will guide them during the
preparations for the examinations and ensure that they have covered each and
every topic in the syllabus.
24. Changes taking place in the accounting, auditing, tax, law regimes are vast and
hence students should keep up-to-date with those changes. For example
definitions and terminologies in accounting and auditing have been modified
since the adoption of the International Accounting/Auditing Standards. Students
need to know these changes in order to be able to apply them in their course of
study and in their work places.
25. Students should put more effort on Public Sector Accounting/Auditing as it seems
they do not give special attention on the area.
26. Students should work hard, think critically and do more practice to enhance their
competence and confidence.
27. Students should make sure that they respond to the requirements of the question
asked rather than answering what has not been asked. They should not formulate
their own questions and provide their own answers.
28. Students are required to do comprehensive preparations. They should not base
their preparations on occurrence of topics on past examinations.
109
Self motivation towards learning
29. Students need to take personal initiative to improve their mastery of English
Language. This can be achieved in many ways – through reading daily
newspapers, magazines, books and through speaking the language. Language
limitations has affected majority of candidates as they fail to express themselves
properly let alone giving them flexibility in answering the questions.
30. Students should take an initiative of improving their case study analysis. Should
seek assistance from their trainers on how to analyze a case study questions.
31. Students should develop their own learning strategies; they should not depend
entirely on their trainers.
Assurance of knowledge mastery

32. Students should work hard and not rush to sit for the examinations before they
have assured themselves that they are ready for the examinations. They should
not take chances and play a game of chance (doing examination is not gambling),
hoping that they will find the examinations questions they are familiar with. They
need to ensure that they get value for the money they have used as tuition and
examination fees.
33. Students to take seriously initiative and effort to cover the whole syllabus
requirement material through reading various books, journals and published
articles not to concentrate mostly in teaching questions and answers of past
examinations.
34. Students should avoid attempting the examination unless they have covered a
major part of the respective syllabus; also devote more time in private and group
discussions study rather than considering the examination as “going concern”.
35. Students should make a good use of the learning materials in order to improve
their learning
36. Students should ensure that they avoid learning through memorisation, instead
they have to study and understand subject matters in details
Appropriate preparation for examinations and examination techniques

37. When attempting the examinations, students/candidates are urged to first read the
instructions, and then read the questions properly before they start attempting the
question. Make a viable choice in case there are optional questions or even the
choice of questions they should start attempting.
38. Students should learn how to organize their answers during the examination
attempts. This can be achieved through practice.
110
39. Students should have extensive course contents coverage and attempt many
questions in the preparation of their examination in the form of self exercise to
build their ability to tackle questions properly and to be able to understand
different term used in examinations.
40. Students should ensure that they attend review classes without giving any excuses
for not enrolling to these reviews.
41. Students should take time to read about examination techniques that are published
regularly in the NBAA Students‟ Newsletters and other publications in order to
acquire rightful techniques in dealing and answering examination questions.
42. Students should make use of the syllabus outlines during their preparations in
order to countercheck that they have adequately covered the syllabus.
43. Students should make use of group discussions in order to enhance their
understanding through such discussion.
44. Students should orient themselves with different type of questions, theoretical and
computational type of questions and do thorough preparations during the study
sessions. They should also equip themselves with analytical skills, especially as
at the higher levels in order to be tackle questions that require such skills.
45. Students should change their reading behaviour of memorizing various questions
and answers by devoting their time in reading various books and get an insight of
the subject matters.
46. Students should make thorough preparation for the examination by reading
extensively the recommendations text books to supplement what they are getting
from the review classes.
47. Students are advised to apply the following techniques among others in order to
pass their examinations.
47.1 Ensuring that the syllabus is well covered

Candidates are required to use the syllabus as their base of determining whether
they are ready to sit for the examinations or not. The problem of most candidates
is total dependence on the trainers. It is not funny to find a candidate attending a
review class without having a syllabus. It is difficult for such a candidate to
know what has been covered by the trainer and what has been left out. Some
candidates instead of ensuring that they have covered the syllabus adequately
they rely on Question and Answers (Qs and As) booklets. Questions and
Answers of previous examinations are good but they are not supplements of the
syllabus. By reading Question and Answer booklets students cannot get
sufficient knowledge about the subject matter. The best way of making use of Qs
and as is after the completion of the syllabus to see how examination questions
are set and the best ways to approach them.
111
47.2 Active participation in the classroom sessions
The education system of most countries including Tanzania does not prepare
students/candidates to take active role in the classroom. The predominant
teaching method used i.e. lecturing is characterized by various shortcomings
including: subject experts are not always good teachers, students are passive,
learning is difficult to gauge and communication is one way i.e. students are just
listening to lectures and do not participate actively. If a student goes to the class
waiting for a trainer to come and dish information to be grasped, automatically
learning becomes impaired. An effective learning to take place requires the
learners to take effective role in the learning process. Experience shows that
students who ask questions and pose challenges during the learning process they
do well in their examinations. Asking a question or posing a challenge to a
trainer does not come from nowhere, it come only if a student is interested to
what he is learning. An interested student in the learning process is the one who
takes trouble to read what is going to be taught before entering the class.
Therefore trainers are required to prepare course outlines derived from the
prescribe syllabus so as to enable students to follow. Students can make use of
the course outline to prepare on their own before they go to the classroom. The
lesson becomes enjoyable when both students and the trainers are prepared
before entering the classroom. In short, student‟s active role in the class is
fundamental factor in the effective learning process.
47.3 Review class attendance

Review classes are quite different from formal schooling. In the formal
schooling context trainers exercise authority of controlling students‟ attendance.
They can penalize students who miss classes without genuine reasons. This does
not happen in the review classes because those who are attending review classes
are heterogeneous. Some are employees, some are self employed, and others are
fresh graduates from colleges while others are occupied with various social
responsibilities. It becomes difficult for the trainers to control attendance of such
categories of learners. But we should bear in mind that at higher level education,
classroom attendance is not a responsibility of the trainer. If there is any
candidate who misses classes just because there is no one to question about it,
such a student must have some problems. No one is expecting to see a student
missing a class without having genuine reasons at this level of education. But,
generally there is lack of seriousness among most candidates especially in the
case of classroom attendance. Candidates are therefore reminded that attending
classroom sessions appropriately should be self motivated.
112
There is a good number of candidates who never attend review classes with
confidence that they know each and every thing. They register themselves for
examinations as private candidates. Experience shows that candidates who are
attending review classes have a far better chance to pass their examinations than
those who do not attend. Some of the candidates attend review classes only
when they sit for the examinations on the first time but when they are required to
refer or re-seat the examinations they neglect to register for review classes. They
claim to have adequate and sufficient materials and therefore they can study on
their own. This is not always a good decision. Human brain is characterized by
the nature of forgetting. A famous study on forgetting textbook materials
compared the percentage of material remembered after different intervals of
time. The results were as follows:
After 1 day 54% was remembered.

After 7 days 35% was remembered.
Remembering what you have heard in lectures is even more difficult to recall
because you are not able to slow down, pause, reflect, or to reread unless you
take excellent notes! In a study on recall after listening to a lecture, students
forgot more than 90% of the points from the lecture after 14 days! (Engle,
Susan: Context is everything: The nature of memory. W.H. Freeman & Co,
1999). If that is the case then there is no way a candidate may decide not to
attend review classes.
47.4 Group discussions

By not sharing ones knowledge of understanding about a particular subject matter
a candidate may think that he knows much about the subject but when it comes
into examination, such a candidate fails! It is very easy for someone to cheat
himself that he knows much about a particular subject matter due to lack of
sharing knowledge with others. Going to the library daily or doing daily self-
study is not a direct ticket to pass examinations. There is a belief that when you
are taught something by your fellow student who understands the subject matter,
the knowledge sticks into your mind than being taught by a trainer. Group
discussions are said to be a good source of learning and sharing of knowledge and
experiences due to its nature of open interaction. Although most candidates who
are preparing for the professional examinations are facing limited time to organize
group discussions, they should not ignore it at all. They should be aware that
sometimes it is far better to discuss a subject/topic in a group than going to the
library for self study. Group discussion is a potential source of learning but it is
ignored by most candidates. Candidates are therefore obliged to form group
discussions to discuss various topics especially those which are most difficult or
complicated.
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47.5 Practise learning of materials in deep
One of the major factors that lead to poor performance in the examinations is
learning things in shallow. Most candidates have ample time to study but they do
not do it until the „late hours‟. They keep on saying „there is enough time to
study‟. But since time does not on the favour of anyone in this universe they find
themselves running shortage of time. What follows after this is to make „ad hoc‟
preparations. In this case therefore they practise what the psychologists call „rote
learning‟. By definition rote learning is a learning technique which avoids
understanding the inner complexities and inferences of the subject that is being
learned and instead focuses on memorizing the materials so that it can be recalled
by the learner exactly the way it was read or heard. In other words, it is learning
"just for the test".
The major practice involved in rote learning techniques is learning by repetition,

based on the idea that one will be able to recall the meaning of the material the
more they repeat it. However, in many fields, especially mathematics and related
disciplines, this can often produce poor results.
Rote learning is not the best way of studying. Students are required to study a
subject matter in deep. This will make them to own what they have learnt and
express it in their own words. In rote learning a student tries to reproduce what he
has read as it was read. „If a student reads something with the aim of reproducing
it as it is, that is not understanding. This method limits a student to learn many
things because memory capacity for human beings is also limited. Students should
also be aware that rote learning does not develop interest to learn. As you
memorize new materials the old ones fade out.
47.6 Conclusion
Candidates should take trouble to read various techniques for passing
examinations rather than concentrating only on studying topics that will appear in
the examinations. Those who have been able to make use of various study
techniques have found themselves enjoying learning and finally pass their
examinations. Studying for the examinations should be enjoyable rather than
becoming cumbersome to the candidates. This is possible if the candidates apply
appropriate techniques in their studies.
114
CHAPTER IV
CANDIDATURE DISTRIBUTION
The Board‟s examination candidature comes from various training institutions (Tuition
Providers) in the country. The November 2015 examination session drew candidates
from the following institutions as per Table 14 below:
TABLE 14
NO. OF CANDIDATES
S/N NAME OF INSTITUTION ATEC ATEC FOUNDATION INTERMEDIATE FINAL TOTAL
I II LEVEL LEVEL LEVEL
1 PRIVATE 14 22 92 611 363 1102
2 PT BRIGHT
1 8 59 37 105
MOROGORO
3 PT CCA 18 13 6 11 48
4 PT CCU 1 3 4
5 PT CORNERSTONE 10 18 36 152 60 276
6 PT COVENANT FC 16 21 95 958 458 1548
7 PT EVIN 1 2 9 603 457 1072
8 PT FANI 1 4 10 1 16
9 PT KAS 43 42 55 29 5 174
10 PT PAC- ARUSHA 11 15 17 140 68 251
11 PT PTC MWANZA 2 1 10 27 13 46
12 PT RUTER 1 3 6 3 13
13 PT EXCEL MOSHI 5 87 44 136
14 PT SJCS 6 6
15 PT PERFECT- SONGEA 1 2 1 4
16 PT PERFECT – FUTURE 6 1 7
17 PT BFC 3 2 5
18 PT FC 2 2 4
19 PT INSPIRE 6 41 11 58
20 PT MMK DODOMA 5 66 30 101
21 PT NAO 18 17 35
22 PT WETA 5 3 8
23 PT APT 10 7 17
24 PT BHC 14 8 22
25 PT TU IRINGA 4 1 5
26 PT ZIBCO 1 27 16 44
27 PT BETA 1 4 23 18 46
28 PT UPTAKE 23 15 38
29 PT AFC 1 44 483 342 870
30 PT ACG 1 43 36 80
31 PT ZENJI 2 15 11 28
32 PT CBE - DODOMA 1 1 2
33 PT RMK 1 1
34 PT ATTIUDE 2 136 84 222
35 PT DBC 1 1 1 3
TOTAL APPLIED 120 145 407 3617 2115 6404
ABSENTEEISM 9 11 43 503 159 725
TOTAL SAT 111 134 364 3114 1956 5679
115
KEY:
1 PRIVATE
2 PT BRIGHT - MOROGORO - Part-time Review Classes conducted by Bright of Morogoro
3 PT CCA - Commercial College of Arusha
4 PT CCU -
5 PT CORNERSTONE - Cornerstone Financial Consultants
6 PT COVENANT- FC - Covenant Financial Consultants
7 PT EVIN - Part-Time Review Classes conducted by Evin School of Management
8 PT FANI - Fani Business Consultants
9 PT KAS - KAS Institute of Professionals (T) Ltd. – DSM.
10 PT PAC- ARUSHA - Part-Time Review Classes Conducted by PAC Consultants of Arusha
11 PT PTC MWANZA - Professional Training Centre - Mwanza
12 PT RUTER - Ruter Business and Management Services
- Part-Time Review Classes Conducted by Excel Financial & Tax Solutions of
13 PT EXCEL- MOSHI
Moshi
14 PT SJCS - St. Joseph‟s Commercial School – Tanga
15 PT PERFECT- SONGEA - Perfect Trainers and Business Consultants
16 PT PERFECT – FUTURE - The Perfect Future Consultants
17 PT BFC - Business Finance Consultants – DSM
- Part-Time Review Classes Conducted by First Contact Institute of Business
18 PT FC
Administration & Information Technology
19 PT INSPIRE - Inspire Consultants Ltd
20 PT MMK DODOMA - Part-Time Review Classes conducted by MMK - Dodoma
21 PT NAO - Part-Time Review Classes Conducted by National Audit Office – DSM
22 PT WETA - Western Tanganyika College
23 PT APT - APT Financial Consultants – DSM
24 PT BHC - Part-Time Review Classes conducted by Business Horizon Consultants
25 PT TU IRINGA - Part-Time Review Classes Conducted by Tumaini University – Iringa Campus
26 PT ZIBCO - Zanzibar Intellectual and Business Consultants
27 PT BETA - Beta Business Consultants
28 PT UPTAKE - UPTAKE Business Resources (T) Ltd
- Part-Time Review Classes conducted by Accountants and Financial Consultants
29 PT AFC
Ltd
30 PT ACG - Part-Time Review Classes Conducted by Accountant General‟s Office
31 PT ZENJI - Zenji Review and Consultancy - Zanzibar
32 PT CBE - DODOMA - Part-time Review Classes conducted by College of Business Education – Dodoma
33 PT RMK - RMK Commercial Consultants – Arusha
34 PT ATTITUDE - Attitude Financial Consultants
- Part-Time Review Classes Conducted by Delve Business Consultants Co. Ltd. of
35 PT DBC
DSM
116
INSTITUTIONAL PERFORMANCE
The assessment of institutional performance is done using two approaches:
1. Best Candidate Approach:

The best institution under this approach is the one which produces the “NBAA Best
Level Candidate”, a candidate who obtained the highest marks in aggregate, at a
single examination attempt. Using this approach, the best candidate for each of the
Board‟s examination levels is as follows:
Examination Best Candidates came from

ATEC Level I PT KAS
ATEC Level II PT CORNERSTONE
FOUNDATION LEVEL: PT KAS
INTERMEDIATE LEVEL: PT EXCEL - MOSHI
FINAL LEVEL: No candidate qualify for the award
1. Performance Approach:
Under this approach, the best institution is that which obtains the highest Grade
Point Average (GPA) in relation to the total number of A ,B, C, F grades obtained by
candidates in comparison with total number of papers sat by candidates in that level.
The following formula is applied
Subject GPA =
Where Na = Total Number of Candidates who have scored A in an institution at that level
Nb = Total Number of Candidates who have scored B in an institution at that level
Nc = Total Number of Candidates who have scored C in an institution at that level
Nf = Total Number of Candidates who have scored F in an institution at that level
Pa = The weight of Grade A = 3
Pb = The weight of Grade B = 2
Pc = The weight of Grade C = 1
Pf = The weight of Grade F = 0
117
Arising from the above, the best three institutions under this approach for each
examination level are as indicated hereunder: (See tables 15.1 to 15.5(b) on pages 145 to
154 of this report).
Examination Level Best Institution
ATEC I:
Category A: 1-5 Candidates 1st - PT BRIGHT MOROGORO & FANI
3rd - PT EVIN & PTC MWANZA
Category B: Above 5 Candidates 1st - PT CORNERSTONE
2nd - PT COVENANT.FC
3rd - PT PAC ARUSHA
ATEC II:
Category A: 1-5 Candidates 1st - PT AFC
2nd - PT EVIN
3rd - PT PTC MWANZA
Category B: Above 5 Candidates 1st - PT SJCS
2nd - PT CORNERSTONE
3rd - PT COVENANT.FC
FOUNDATION LEVEL:
Category A: 1-20 Candidates 1st - PT RUTER
2nd - PT ACG & PERFECT SONGEA
Category B: Above 20 Candidates 1st - PT COVENANT F.C

2nd - PT AFC
3rd - PT CORNERSTONE
INTERMEDIATE LEVEL:
Category A: 1-20 Candidates 1st - PT RMK
2nd - PT WETA
3rd - PT PERFECT-SONGEA
Category B: Above 20 Candidates 1st - PT INSPIRE
2nd - PT COVENANT-FC
3rd - PT UPTAKE
FINAL LEVEL:
Category A: 1-20 Candidates 1st - PT WETA
2nd - PT UPTAKE
3rd - PT FANI & BHC
Category B: Above 20 Candidates 1st - PT COVENANT F.C
2nd - PT CORNERSTONE
3rd - PT EXCEL MOSH1
118
TABLE 15.1
SUMMARY OF RESULTS BY EXAMINATION LEVEL AND INSTITUTION WISE
1-5 CANDIDATES - ACCOUNTING TECHNICIAN LEVEL I
No of No of % of No of % of No of No of
Institution Entered Absent Sat papers A A B B C % of C F % of F GPA Ranking
PT - BRIGHT
1 0 1 4
MOROGORO 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 4 100.0% 0 0.0% 1.00 1
PT - FANI 1 0 1 4 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 4 100.0% 0 0.0% 1.00 1
PT - EVIN 1 0 1 4 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 2 50.0% 2 50.0% 0.50 3
PT - PTC MWANZA 2 0 2 4 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 2 50.0% 2 50.0% 0.50 3
PT - RUTER 1 0 1 4 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 1 25.0% 3 75.0% 0.25 5
PT - BETA 1 1 0 0 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0.00 6
PT - CCU 1 1 0 0 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0.00 6
Subtotals 8 2 6 20 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 13 65.0% 7 35.0%
RANKING
1ST - PT BRIGHT MOROGORO & FANI
2RD - PT EVIN & PTC MWANZA
Key:
Total No of Papers Attempted – Is calculated as sum of No of Candidates times Papers Attempted (∑ of Candidates x No of Papers)
Number of Grades – Is Number of Grades (A-F) scored by that Institution in all papers in that particular level.
119
TABLE 15.1
ABOVE 5 CANDIDATES - ACCOUNTING TECHNICIAN LEVEL I
No of No % of No of % of No of % of No of % of
Institution Entered Absent Sat papers of A A B B C C F F GPA Ranking
PT - Cornerstone 10 1 9 26 1 3.8% 3 11.5% 14 53.8% 8 30.8% 0.88 1
PT - Covenant F. C. 16 0 16 43 1 2.3% 5 11.6% 23 53.5% 14 32.6% 0.84 2
PT - PAC - ARUSHA 11 2 9 16 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 9 56.3% 7 43.8% 0.56 3
PT - KAS 43 2 41 107 1 0.9% 7 6.5% 42 39.3% 57 53.3% 0.55 4
PT - CCA 18 0 18 49 0 0.0% 1 2.0% 15 30.6% 33 67.3% 0.35 5
Subtotals 98 5 93 241 3 1.2% 16 6.6% 103 42.7% 119 49.4%
1ST - PT Cornerstone
2ND - PT Covenant F. C
3RD - PT PAC ARUSHA
Key:
Number of Grades – Is Number of Grades (A-F) scored by that Institution in all papers in that particular level?
120
TABLE 15.2

1-5 CANDIDATES - ACCOUNTING TECHNICIAN LEVEL II
No of No % of No % of No of No of
Institution Entered Absent Sat papers of A A of B B C % of C F % of F GPA Ranking
PT - AFC 1 0 1 1 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 1 100.0% 0 0.0% 1.00 1
PT - EVIN 2 0 2 5 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 3 60.0% 2 40.0% 0.60 2
PT - PTC MWANZA 1 0 1 2 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 1 50.0% 1 50.0% 0.50 3
PT - CCU 3 1 2 3 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 1 33.3% 2 66.7% 0.33 4
PT - DBC 1 0 1 2 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 2 100.0% 0.00 5
Subtotals 8 1 7 13 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 6 46.2% 7 53.8%
1ST - PT AFC
1ST - PT EVIN
3RD - PT PTC MWANZA
Key:
121
TABLE 15.2 (b)
ABOVE 5 CANDIDATES - ACCOUNTING TECHNICIAN LEVEL II
No of No of % of No of % of No of % of No of % of
Institution Entered Absent Sat papers A A B B C C F F GPA Ranking
PT - SJCS 6 0 6 24 0 0.0% 12 50.0% 12 50.0% 0 0.0% 1.50 1
PT - CornerStone 18 4 14 44 9 20.5% 5 11.4% 20 45.5% 10 22.7% 1.30 2
PT - Covenant F. C. 21 0 21 46 0 0.0% 1 2.2% 26 56.5% 19 41.3% 0.61 3
PT - PAC - ARUSHA 15 0 15 39 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 20 51.3% 19 48.7% 0.51 4
PT - KAS 42 3 39 130 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 47 36.2% 83 63.8% 0.36 5
PT - CCA 13 0 13 33 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 8 24.2% 25 75.8% 0.24 6
Subtotals 115 7 108 316 9 2.8% 18 5.7% 133 42.1% 156 49.4%
1ST - PT SJCS
2ND - PT CORNERSTONE
3RD - PT PAC – COVENANT F.C
Key:
122
TABLE 15.3 (a)
SUMMARY OF RESULTS BY EXAMINATION LEVELS AND INSTITUTIONS
1- 20 CANDIDATES - FOUNDATION LEVEL
No of No of % of No of No of No of
Institution Entered Absent Sat papers A A B % of B C % of C F % of F GPA Ranking
PT - RUTER 3 1 2 2 0 0.0% 1 50.0% 1 50.0% 0 0.0% 1.50 1
PT - ACG 1 0 1 1 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 1 100.0% 0 0.0% 1.00 2
PT - PERFECT SONGEA 1 0 1 2 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 2 100.0% 0 0.0% 1.00 2
PT - EVIN 9 1 8 15 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 13 86.7% 2 13.3% 0.87 4
PT - FANI 4 2 2 6 0 0.0% 1 16.7% 3 50.0% 2 33.3% 0.83 5
PT - PAC ARUSHA 17 1 16 39 0 0.0% 4 10.3% 23 59.0% 12 30.8% 0.79 6
PT - PTC Mwanza 10 0 10 30 0 0.0% 3 10.0% 17 56.7% 10 33.3% 0.77 7
PT - EXCEL - MOSHI 5 0 5 10 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 7 70.0% 3 30.0% 0.70 8
PT - BRIGHT MORO 8 0 8 31 0 0.0% 5 16.1% 10 32.3% 16 51.6% 0.65 9
PT - MMK Dodoma 5 0 5 14 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 9 64.3% 5 35.7% 0.64 10
PT - CCA 6 0 6 13 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 8 61.5% 5 38.5% 0.62 11
PT - BETA 4 1 3 5 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 3 60.0% 2 40.0% 0.60 12
PT - ATITTUDE 2 0 2 2 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 1 50.0% 1 50.0% 0.50 13
PT - INSPIRE 6 2 4 11 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 3 27.3% 8 72.7% 0.27 14
PT - DBC 1 0 1 1 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 1 100.0% 0.00 15
PT - ZENJI 2 0 2 3 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 3 100.0% 0.00 15
PT - ZIBCO 1 0 1 1 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 1 100.0% 0.00 15
Subtotals 85 8 77 186 0 0.0% 14 7.5% 101 54.3% 71 38.2%
1ST - PT RUTER
2ND - PT NAO & PERFECT SONGEA
Key:
123
TABLE 15.3 (b)

ABOVE 20 CANDIDATES - FOUNDATION LEVEL
PT - Covenant F. C. 95 8 87 202 2 1.0% 34 16.8% 107 53.0% 59 29.2% 0.90 1
PT - AFC 44 4 40 107 0 0.0% 17 15.9% 61 57.0% 29 27.1% 0.89 2
PT - CornerStone 36 4 32 86 1 1.2% 13 15.1% 42 48.8% 30 34.9% 0.83 3
PT - KAS 55 4 51 154 1 0.6% 11 7.1% 68 44.2% 74 48.1% 0.60 4
Subtotals 230 20 210 549 4 0.7% 75 13.7% 278 50.6% 192 35.0%
1ST - PT Covenant F.C

2ND - PT AFC
3RD - PT Cornerstone
Key:
Total No of Papers Attempted – Is calculated as sum of Number of Candidates times Papers Attempted (∑ of Candidates x No of Papers)
124
TABLE 15.4 (a)
1-20 CANDIDATES - INTERMEDIATE LEVEL
No of No of % of No of % of No of No of
Institution Entered Absent Sat papers A A B B C % of C F % of F GPA Ranking
PT - RMK 1 0 1 1 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 1 100.0% 0 0.0% 1.00 1
PT - WETA 5 0 5 9 0 0.0% 1 11.1% 3 33.3% 5 55.6% 0.56 2
PT - PERFECT-SONGEA 2 0 2 2 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 1 50.0% 1 50.0% 0.50 3
PT - FANI 10 2 8 27 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 11 40.7% 16 59.3% 0.41 4
PT - ZENJI 15 6 9 17 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 7 41.2% 10 58.8% 0.41 4
PT - RUTER 6 0 6 16 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 5 31.3% 11 68.8% 0.31 6
PT - CCA 11 0 11 27 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 7 25.9% 20 74.1% 0.26 7
PT - APT 10 4 6 11 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 2 18.2% 9 81.8% 0.18 8
PT - BHC 14 0 14 18 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 3 16.7% 15 83.3% 0.17 9
PT - TU IRINGA 4 0 4 9 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 1 11.1% 8 88.9% 0.11 10
PT - PERFECT-FUTURE 6 2 4 13 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 1 7.7% 12 92.3% 0.08 11
PT - BFC 3 0 3 4 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 4 100.0% 0.00 12
PT - CBE DODOMA 1 0 1 1 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 1 100.0% 0.00 12
PT - DBC 1 1 0 0 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0.00 12
PT - FC 2 0 2 2 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 2 100.0% 0.00 12
PT - NAO 18 11 7 9 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 9 100.0% 0.00 12
Subtotals 109 26 83 166 0 0.0% 1 0.6% 42 25.3% 123 74.1%
1ST - PT FTC & PT RK MOROGORO

3RD - PT ZIBCO
Key:
Total No of Papers Attempted – Is calculated as sum of Number of Candidates times Papers Attempted (∑ of Candidates x No of Papers)
125
TABLE 15.4 (b)
ABOVE 20 CANDIDATES - INTERMEDIATE LEVEL
PT - INSPIRE 41 8 33 98 1 1.0% 11 11.2% 37 37.8% 49 50.0% 0.63 1
PT - Covenant F. C. 958 82 876 2403 1 0.0% 204 8.5% 1006 41.9% 1192 49.6% 0.59 2
PT - CornerStone 152 19 133 310 0 0.0% 24 7.7% 128 41.3% 158 51.0% 0.57 3
PT - EXCEL - MOSHI 87 4 83 274 0 0.0% 19 6.9% 118 43.1% 137 50.0% 0.57 3
PT - UPTAKE 23 8 15 28 0 0.0% 2 7.1% 12 42.9% 14 50.0% 0.57 3
PT - MMK Dodoma 66 5 61 129 0 0.0% 5 3.9% 43 33.3% 81 62.8% 0.41 6
PT - AFC 483 46 437 923 0 0.0% 41 4.4% 276 29.9% 606 65.7% 0.39 7
PT - PAC - ARUSHA 140 13 127 301 0 0.0% 11 3.7% 96 31.9% 194 64.5% 0.39 7
PT - ATTITUDE 136 14 122 280 0 0.0% 8 2.9% 86 30.7% 186 66.4% 0.36 9
PT - EVIN 603 139 464 915 0 0.0% 18 2.0% 272 29.7% 625 68.3% 0.34 10
PT - ZIBCO 27 9 18 41 0 0.0% 1 2.4% 11 26.8% 29 70.7% 0.32 11
PT - BETA 23 4 19 31 0 0.0% 1 3.2% 7 22.6% 23 74.2% 0.29 12
PT - BRIGHT MORO 59 8 51 117 0 0.0% 3 2.6% 27 23.1% 87 74.4% 0.28 13
PT - PTC Mwanza 27 1 26 58 0 0.0% 1 1.7% 12 20.7% 45 77.6% 0.24 14
PT - KAS 29 4 25 69 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 14 20.3% 55 79.7% 0.20 15
Subtotals 2854 364 2490 5977 2 0.0% 349 5.8% 2145 35.9% 3481 58.2%
1ST - PT Covenant F. C.
2ND - PT ConerStone
3RD - PT EXCEL - MOSHI
Key:
126
TABLE 15.4 (a)
1-20 CANDIDATES - FINAL LEVEL
No of No % of No % of No No
Institution Entered Absent Sat papers of A A of B B of C % of C of F % of F GPA Ranking
PT - WETA 3 0 3 5 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 3 60.0% 2 40.0% 0.60 1
PT - UPTAKE 15 3 12 17 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 6 35.3% 11 64.7% 0.35 2
PT - BHC 8 0 8 12 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 4 33.3% 8 66.7% 0.33 3
PT - FANI 1 0 1 3 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 1 33.3% 2 66.7% 0.33 3
PT - BETA 18 4 14 28 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 8 28.6% 20 71.4% 0.29 5
PT - ZIBCO 16 2 14 29 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 8 27.6% 21 72.4% 0.28 6
PT - RUTER 3 0 3 4 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 1 25.0% 3 75.0% 0.25 7
PT - INSPIRE 11 0 11 25 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 4 16.0% 21 84.0% 0.16 8
PT - NAO 17 5 12 20 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 3 15.0% 17 85.0% 0.15 9
PT - ZENJI 11 1 10 17 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 2 11.8% 15 88.2% 0.12 10
PT - KAS 5 0 5 9 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 1 11.1% 8 88.9% 0.11 11
PT - APT 7 0 7 8 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 8 100.0% 0.00 12
PT - BFC 2 0 2 3 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 3 100.0% 0.00 12
PT - CBE DODOMA 1 0 1 2 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 2 100.0% 0.00 12
PT - FC 2 0 2 3 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 3 100.0% 0.00 12
PT - PERFECT-FUTURE 1 0 1 1 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 1 100.0% 0.00 12
PT - PERFECT-SONGEA 1 0 1 1 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 1 100.0% 0.00 12
PT - PTC Mwanza 13 1 12 18 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 18 100.0% 0.00 12
PT - TU IRINGA 1 0 1 1 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 1 100.0% 0.00 12
Subtotals 136 16 120 206 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 41 19.9% 165 80.1%
ST
1 - PT WETA
2ND - PT UPTAKE
3RD - PT FANI & BHC
Key:
127
TABLE 15.5 (a)
ABOVE 20 CANDIDATES - FINAL LEVEL
No of No % of No % of No % of No % of
Institution Entered Absent Sat papers of A A of B B of C C of F F GPA Ranking
PT - Covenant F. C. 458 26 432 870 0 0.0% 21 2.4% 343 39.4% 506 58.2% 0.44 1
PT - CornerStone 60 2 58 114 0 0.0% 3 2.6% 29 25.4% 82 71.9% 0.31 2
PT - EXCEL - MOSHI 44 2 42 93 0 0.0% 1 1.1% 25 26.9% 67 72.0% 0.29 3
PT - AFC 342 23 319 578 0 0.0% 2 0.3% 162 28.0% 414 71.6% 0.29 4
PT - EVIN 457 26 431 778 0 0.0% 5 2.9% 208 45.1% 565 72.6% 0.28 5
PT - ATTITUDE 84 6 78 145 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 34 23.4% 111 76.6% 0.23 6
PT - MMK DODOMA 30 1 29 47 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 11 23.4% 36 76.6% 0.23 7
PT - BRIGHT MORO 37 2 35 68 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 14 20.6% 54 79.4% 0.21 8
PT - ACG 36 0 36 77 0 0.0% 1 1.3% 13 16.9% 63 81.8% 0.19 9
Subtotals 1548 88 1460 2770 0 0.0% 33 1.2% 839 30.3% 1898 68.5%
1ST - PT Covenant F. C.
ND
2 - PT Cornerstone
3RD - PT EXCEL MOSHI
Key:
128
CHAPTER V
ACCOUNTING MANPOWER CREATED BY THE BOARD UP TO NOVEMBER

2015
In an effort to meet the demand of the highly needed accounting personnel in the country,
the Board has been able to create cumulatively 20,746 accounting manpower since its
inception in May 1975.
These qualified accounting personnel created are categorized in the following groups:
(1) Certified Public Accountants (CPA) 6,885

(2) National Accountancy Diploma (NAD)
(Phased out in November 1991) 1,537
(3) National Book-keeping Certificate (NABOCE)
(phased out in May 1991) 5,746
(4) Basic Book-keeping Certificate (BBC)
(phased out in November 1990) 2,971
(5) Accounting Technician Certificate (ATEC) 3,607
Table 16 below shows the statistics of graduates per session and cumulatively since May
1975 to November 2015
NBAA GRADUATES – CUMULATIVE STATISTICAL ANALYSIS

MAY 1975 –NOVEMBER 2015
TABLE 16
EXAMINATION BBC NABOCE ATEC NAD CPA TOTAL
SESSION NO. CUM. NO. CUM. NO. CUM. NO. CUM NO. CUM. NO. CUM.
.
1ST SESSION - - 04 04 - - 01 01 NE NE 05 05
MAY 1975
2ND SESSION - - 32 36 - - 10 11 NE NE 42 47
NOV. 1975
3RD SESSION - - 158 194 - - 25 36 02 02 185 232
MAY 1976
4TH SESSION - - 73 267 - - 43 79 02 04 118 350
NOV. 1976
5TH SESSION - - 174 441 - - 36 115 08 12 218 568
MAY 1977
6TH SESSION - - 98 539 - - 17 132 03 15 118 686
NOV. 1977
7TH SESSION - - 193 732 - - 57 189 13 28 263 949
MAY 1978
8TH SESSION - - 172 904 - - 56 245 11 39 239 1188
NOV. 1978
129
.
9TH SESSION - - 199 1103 - - 46 291 27 66 272 1460
MAY 1979
10TH SESSION - - 75 1178 - - 31 322 13 79 119 1579
NOV. 1979
11TH SESSION - - 123 1301 - - 22 344 22 101 167 1746
MAY 1980
12TH SESSION - - 119 1420 - - 24 368 20 121 163 1909
NOV. 1980
13TH SESSION - - 229 1649 - - 53 421 13 134 295 2204
MAY 1981
14TH SESSION - - 124 1772 - - 23 444 21 155 168 2372
NOV. 1981
15TH SESSION - - 172 1945 - - 37 481 19 174 228 2600
MAY 1982
16TH SESSION - - 236 2181 - - 36 517 20 194 292 2892
NOV. 1982
17TH SESSION - - 248 2429 - - 47 564 21 215 316 3208
MAY 1983
18TH SESSION - - 200 2629 - - 28 592 14 220 242 3450
NOV. 1983
19TH SESSION - - 199 2828 - - 36 628 17 246 252 3702
MAY 1984
20TH SESSION - - 215 3043 - - 37 665 12 258 264 3966
NOV. 1984
21ST SESSION 18 18 306 3349 - - 41 706 12 270 377 4343
MAY 1985
22ND SESSION 40 58 194 3543 - - 44 750 09 279 287 4630
NOV. 1985
23RD SESSION 62 120 123 3666 - - 54 804 21 300 260 4890
MAY 1986
24TH SESSION 86 206 168 3834 - - 48 852 11 311 313 5203
NOV. 1986
25TH SESSION 64 270 205 4039 - - 25 877 06 317 300 5503
MAY 1987
26TH SESSION 93 363 129 4168 - - 40 917 14 331 276 5779
NOV. 1987
27TH SESSION 298 661 175 4343 - - 32 949 14 345 519 6298
MAY 1988
28TH SESSION 292 953 179 4522 - - 72 1021 22 367 565 6863
NOV. 1988
29TH SESSION 332 1285 201 4723 - - 40 1061 16 377 589 7452
MAY 1989
30TH SESSION 446 1731 232 4955 - - 78 1139 31 414 787 8239
NOV. 1989
31ST SESSION 482 2213 235 5190 - - 118 1257 17 431 852 9091
MAY 1990
32ND SESSION 758 2971 211 5401 - - 114 1371 40 471 112 10214
NOV. 1990 3
33RD SESSION - 2971 345 5746 - - 111 1482 61 532 517 10731
MAY 1991
34TH SESSION - 2971 - 5746 56 56 55 1537 64 596 175 10906
NOV. 1991
130
.
35TH SESSION - 2971 - 5746 136 192 - 1537 - 596 136 11042
MAY 1992
36TH SESSION - 2971 - 5746 186 378 - 1537 11 607 197 11,239
NOV. 1992
37TH SESSION - 2971 - 5746 119 497 - 1537 12 619 131 11,370
MAY 1993
38TH SESSION - 2971 - 5746 104 601 - 1537 12 631 116 11,486
NOV. 1993
39TH SESSION - 2971 - 5746 110 711 - 1537 16 647 126 11,612
MAY 1994
40TH SESSION - 2971 - 5746 207 918 - 1537 19 666 226 11,838
NOV. 1994
41ST SESSION - 2971 - 5746 122 1040 - 1537 28 694 150 11,988
MAY 1995
42ND SESSION - 2971 - 5746 117 1157 - 1537 29 723 146 12,134
NOV. 1995
43RD SESSION - 2971 - 5746 87 1244 - 1537 36 759 123 12,257
MAY 1996
44TH SESSION - 2971 - 5746 111 1355 - 1537 53 812 164 12,421
NOV. 1996
45TH SESSION - 2971 - 5746 109 1464 - 1537 28 840 137 12,558
MAY 1997
46TH SESSION - 2971 - 5746 107 1571 - 1537 40 880 147 12,705
NOV. 1997
47TH SESSION - 2971 - 5746 124 1695 - 1537 40 920 164 12,869
MAY 1998
48TH SESSION - 2971 - 5746 60 1755 - 1537 29 949 89 12,958
NOV. 1998
49TH SESSION - 2971 - 5746 80 1835 - 1537 52 1001 132 13,090
MAY 1999
50TH SESSION - 2971 - 5746 80 1915 - 1537 47 1048 127 13,217
NOV. 1999
51ST SESSION - 2971 - 5746 104 2019 - 1537 42 1090 146 13,363
MAY 2000
52ND SESSION - 2971 - 5746 91 2110 - 1537 71 1161 162 13,525
NOV.2000
53RD SESSION - 2971 - 5746 45 2155 - 1537 77 1238 122 13,647
MAY,2001
54TH SESSION - 2971 - 5746 64 2219 - 1537 33 1271 97 13,744
NOV. 2001
55TH SESSION - 2971 - 5746 41 2260 - 1537 28 1299 69 13,813
MAY 2002
56TH SESSION - 2971 - 5746 42 2302 - 1537 53 1352 95 13,908
Nov. 2002
57TH SESSION - 2971 - 5746 55 2357 - 1537 49 1401 104 14,012
MAY 2003
58th SESSION - 2971 - 5746 58 2415 - 1537 55 1456 113 14,125
NOV. 2003
59th SESSION - 2971 - 5746 85 2500 - 1537 165 1621 250 14,375
MAY 2004
60TH SESSION - 2971 - 5746 113 2613 - 1537 134 1755 247 14,622
131
.
NOV. 2004
61ST SESSION - 2971 - 5746 65 2678 - 1537 142 1897 207 14,829
MAY 2005
62ND SESSION - 2971 - 5746 75 2753 - 1537 131 2028 206 15,035
NOV. 2005
63RD SESSION - 2971 - 5746 62 2815 - 1537 92 2120 154 15,189
MAY 2006
64TH SESSION - 2971 - 5746 35 2850 - 1537 83 2203 118 15,307
NOV. 2006
65TH SESSION - 2971 - 5746 102 2952 - 1537 97 2300 199 15,506
MAY 2007
66TH SESSION - 2971 - 5746 61 3013 - 1537 177 2477 238 15,744
NOV. 2007
67TH SESSION - 2971 - 5746 21 3034 - 1537 184 2661 205 15,949
MAY 2008
68TH SESSION - 2971 - 5746 49 3083 - 1537 97 2758 146 16,095
NOV. 2008
69TH SESSION - 2971 - 5746 45 3128 - 1537 179 2937 224 16,319
MAY 2009
70TH SESSION - 2971 - 5746 61 3189 - 1537 146 3083 207 16,525
NOV. 2009
71ST SESSION - 2971 - 5746 32 3221 - 1537 164 3247 196 16,722
MAY 2010
72ND SESSION
NOV. 2010 - 2971 - 5746 33 3254 - 1537 176 3423 209 16,931
73RD SESSION - 2971 - 5746 29 3283 - 1537 185 3608 214 17,145
MAY 2011
74TH SESSION - 2971 - 5746 31 3314 - 1537 268 3876 299 17,444
NOV. 2011
75th SESSION - 2971 - 5746 35 3349 - 1537 259 4135 294 17,738
MAY 2012
76th SESSION - 2971 - 5746 23 3372 - 1537 188 4323 211 17,949
NOV. 2012
77th SESSION - 2971 - 5746 26 3398 - 1537 468 4791 494 18,443
MAY 2013
78th SESSION - 2971 - 5746 36 3434 - 1537 377 5,168 413 18,856
NOV. 2013
79th SESSION - 2971 - 5746 46 3480 - 1537 478 5,646 524 19,380
MAY 2014
80th SESSION - 2971 - 5746 43 3523 - 1537 369 6,015 412 19,792
NOV. 2014
81st SESSION - 2971 - 5746 42 3565 - 1537 600 6,615 642 20,434
MAY 2015
82nd SESSION - 2971 - 5746 42 3607 - 1537 270 6,885 312 20,746
NOVEMBER
2015
132
CHAPTER VI
CANDIDATES WINNING THE SPECIAL PRIZES – NOVEMBER 2015 EXAMINATION

SESSION
1.0 PRIZES OFFERED BY NBAA

NBAA offers prizes in the following categories:
1.0.1 Best Level Performance Prize
1.0.2 Single Subject Prize
1.0.3 Best Female Prizes
1.1 Minimum Requirement to win the Prize

In order to win any of the above prizes offered by NBAA, the minimum requirement is
for a candidate to obtain an overall pass in a level, having attempted whole set of subjects
in that level and passing at a single examination attempt.
1.2 Amount offered in each Examination level:
1.2.1 NBAA Best Level Performance Prize

This prize is awarded to the best candidate who completes an examination level
in the first attempt and scores highest marks in aggregate in that level.
Exam Paper Amount

Codes Tshs.
Accounting Technician Levels I & II T01 – T08 50,000
Foundation Level A1 – A5 60,000
Intermediate Level B1 – B6 80,000
Final Level C1 – C4 100,000
1.2.2 Single Subject Prize (Subject to Subject) Performance Prize

The prize is awarded to the best candidate who has excelled in a subject by
attaining at least a credit mark – 70% or above in the Accounting Technician
Examination Scheme, 60% or above in the Professional Examination Scheme.
Exam Paper Amount

Codes Tshs.
Accounting Technician Levels I & II T01 – T08 40,000
Final Level C1 – C4 70,000
133
1.2.3 Best Female Prizes
In motivating female candidates to work harder in their studies and perform
better in the Board‟s examination, two categories of prizes are offered to female
candidates as follows:
1.2.3.1 Best Level Female Performance Prize:

This prize is offered to a female candidate as long as the score in
aggregate in a level is 70% and above in ATEC examinations and 60%
and above in professional examinations.
Exam Paper Amount

Codes Tshs.
Accounting Technician Level I T01 – T04 50,000
Accounting Technician Level II T05 – T08 50,000
Final Stage Level C1 – C4 100,000
1.2.3.2 Best Female Graduate Prize:

The second category of prize is the Best Graduate Prize which is offered
to the female candidate who scores highest marks in aggregate among
female candidates in ATEC II or CPA (T).
Exam Paper Amount

Codes Tshs.
Best ATEC Female Graduate Prize T05 – T08 250,000
Best CPA (T) Female Graduate Prize C1 – C4 500,000
1.3 Prizes won by Candidates:
1.3.1 NBAA Best Level Performance Prize:
Code and Subject Name Name Index No. Amount

Tshs.
Accounting Technician Level I RUKOKERWA, DICKSON E. 1026281 50,000
Accounting Technician Level II NINA, OMARI A. 2025612 50,000
Foundation Level MZIKILA, UPENDO A. 3024646 60,000
Intermediate Level DAMAS, LEONARD 4026679 80,000
Final Level No candidate qualified for the 100,000

Prize
134
1.3.2 Subject to Subject Performance Prize
The prize is offered to the best candidate who has excelled in a subject by
attaining at least a credit mark -70% or above in Accounting Technician
Examination Scheme or 60% or above in professional examination scheme.
The following candidates qualify for the prizes in each examination layer:
Accounting Technician Level I
Tshs.
T.01 - Bookkeeping and Accounts RUKOKERWA, DICKSON E. 1026281 40,000
T.02 - Elements of Business Maths No candidate qualified for the 40,000

and Statistics Prize
T.03 - Introduction to Information KIRONDE, ROSALIA M. 1026284 40,000

and Communication
Technology
T.04 - Business Communication MUSHI, SARAH S. 1024174 40,000
Skills
Accounting Technician Level II

Tshs.
T.05 - Principles of Accounting and NINA, OMARI A. 2025612 40,000
Auditing
T.06 – Principles of Cost MWINYI, MOHAMED H. 2025087* 20,000

Accounting and Procurement
SONELO, ERASTO 2025227* 20,000
T.07 – Elements of Commercial MWINYI, MOHAMED H. 2025087 40,000

Knowledge, Management
Practices and Taxation
T.08 – Accounting for Public No candidate qualified for the 40,000
Sector and Cooperatives Prize
FOUNDATION LEVEL
Tshs.
A1 – Quantitative Techniques MZIKILA ,UPENDO A. 3024646 50,000
A2 - Business and Management MZIKILA, UPENDO A. 3024646 50,000
A3 – Accounting MNYAVANU, WILSON 3025035 50,000
A4 - Business Information RICHARD, PROCHES 3020154 50,000
A5 - Business Law RICHARD, PROCHES 3020154* 25,000

BAHOYI, KASANDA 3024613* 25,000
*Scored equal marks
135
INTERMEDIATE LEVEL
Tshs.
B1 - Financial Management KASANGA, MASHAURI 4026471 60,000
B2 - Financial Accounting HINCHA, MARIAM.R 4026775 60,000
B3 - Auditing Principles and DAMAS, LEONARD 4026679 60,000

Practice
B4 - Public Finance and Taxation I ALLY, MOHAMED 4025966 60,000
B5 - Performance Management JOHN, SARAH 4026682 60,000
B6 - Management, Governance and HERMAN, SWEETBERT 4025942 60,000

Ethics
FINAL LEVEL
Tshs.
C1- Corporate Reporting No candidate qualified for the Prize 70,000
C2 - Auditing and Assurance NGOWI, HAPPINESS E. 5024369 70,000
C3-Business and Corporate No candidate qualified for the Prize 70,000

Finance
C4 - Public Finance and No candidate qualified for the Prize 70,000
Taxation II
1.3.3 NBAA Best Female Prizes:

In motivating female candidates to work harder in their studies and perform
better in the Board‟s examinations, two categories of prizes are offered to female
candidates.
1.3.3.1 NBAA Female Prizes:

This prize shall be offered to a female candidate as long as the score in
aggregate in a level is 70% and above in ATEC examinations and 60% and
above in professional examinations.

Tshs.
Accounting Technician Level I KIRONDE, ROSALIA M. 1026284 50,000
Accounting Technician Level No candidate qualified for the 50,000

II Prize
Foundation Level MZIKILA, UPENDO A. 3024646 60,000
Intermediate Level HINCHA, MARIAM.R. 4026775 80,000
Final Level No candidate qualified for the 100,000

Prize
136
1.3.3.2 NBAA Best Graduate Female Prizes
The second category of prize is the Best Graduate Prize which is to be offered to the
female candidates who scores highest marks in aggregate among female candidates in
ATEC II or CPA (T).
The following female candidates qualify for the Prize:
Level Name Index No. Amount

Tshs.
ATEC GRADUATE PUSKER, TUMAINI 2024913 250,000
CPA (T) GRADUATE NGOWI, HAPPINESS E. 5024369 500,000
2.0 PRIZES FROM SPONSORING INSTITUTIONS

In support of the Board‟s effort to improve candidates‟ examination performance a
number of professional progressive institutions have willingly offered different prizes for
the best performers.
The names of organizations and amounts offered in each examination session are
indicated hereunder:
2.1 PricewaterhouseCoopers Prizes:

2.1.1 PricewaterhouseCoopers: Auditing and Assurance (C2) Prize Tshs.300,000
2.1.2 PricewaterhouseCoopers: Best CPA (T) Graduate Prize Tshs.400,000
2.2 Tanna Sreekumar & Co: Best CPA (T) Graduate Prize Tshs.400,000
2.3 STANBIC Tanzania Ltd: Best CPA (T) Graduate Prize US$ 100
2.4 TAC Associates: Auditing and Assurance (C2) Prize Tshs.200,000
2.5 Khatri & Company: Corporate Reporting (C1) Prize Tshs.200,000
2.6 Ernst & Young: Auditing and Assurance (C2) Prize Tshs.310,000
2.7 IPP: Best CPA (T) Graduate Prize Tshs.200,000
2.8 TaxPlan Associates: Best Public Finance and Taxation II (C4) Tshs.400,000
Prize
2.9 TIB INTERNATIONAL FINANCE PRIZE

1st TIB: Business and Corporate Finance (C3) Prize Tshs.500,000,
2nd TIB: Business and Corporate Finance (C3) Prize Tshs.350,000
Tshs.200,000
3rd TIB: Business and Corporate Finance (C3) Prize
2.10 Dar es Salaam Stock Exchange: Business and Corporate Tshs.150,000

Finance (C3) Prize
137
2.11 Deloitte & Touche: Auditing and Assurance (C2) Prize Tshs.500,000
2.12 Capital Markets and Securities Authority: Best Financial Tshs.100,000

Management (B1) Prize
2.13 KPMG: Best CPA (T) Graduate Prize US$ 100
2.14 Accountant General’s Office Prize Prizes:
2.14.1 Best CPA (T) Graduate Overall Prize Tshs.800,000
2.14.2 Auditing and Assurance (C2) Prize Tshs.500,000
2.14.3 Performance Management (B5) Prize Tshs.500,000

2.14.4 Best Core Subject Prizes:
2.14.4.1 Accounting (A3) Prize Tshs.30,000
2.14.4.2 Auditing Principles and Practice (B3) Prize Tshs.30,000
2.14.4.3 Business Information (A4) Prize Tshs.30,000
2.14.4.4 Financial Accounting (B2) Prize Tshs.50,000
2.14.4.5 Financial Management (B1) Prize Tshs.50,000
2.14.4.6 Public Finance and Taxation II (C4) Prize Tshs.100,000
2.14.4.7 Business and Corporate Finance (C3) Prize Tshs.100,000
2.14.4.8 Corporate Reporting (C1) Prize Tshs.100,000
2.15 NEXIA SJ Tanzania Accountants & Business Adviser Prizes:
2.15.1 NEXIA SJ Tanzania Accountants & Business Adviser: Best Offer of

Public Finance and Taxation II (C4) Prize Employment
2.15.2 NEXIA SJ Tanzania Accountants & Business Adviser: Best Offer of
Performance Management (B5) Prize Employment
2.16 Innovex Auditors Prizes:
2.16.1 Innovex Best CPA(T) Graduate Prize Tshs.150,000
2.16.2 Innovex Best CPA(T) Female Graduate Prize Tshs.150,000
2.17 CAG Prizes
2.17.1 CAG: Auditing and Assurance (C2) Prize Tshs.300,000
2.17.2 CAG: Best CPA (T) Graduate Prize Tshs.100,000
2.18 Peoples Bank of Zanzibar: Best CPA (T) Graduate Prize Tshs.500,000
2.19 BM Associates Prize Prizes
2.19.1 Best CPA(T) Female Graduates Prize Tshs.100,000
2.19.2 Best ATEC Female Graduates Prize Tshs.50,000
138
2.20 TAA Best Candidates’ Prizes
2.20.1 TAA Best Two ATEC Candidates Prizes Tshs.100,000
2.20.2 TAA Best Two CPA (T) Candidates Prizes Tshs.200,000
2.21 RSM Ashvir: Best CPA (T) Graduate Prize Tshs.500,000 &
Employment
2.22 Cornerstone Financial Consultants
2.22.1 Overall Best Candidate in ATEC II Level Prize Tshs.100,000
2.22.2 Overall Best Candidate in Foundation Level Prize Tshs.100,000
2.22.3 Overall Best CPA (T) Candidates Prizes Tshs.100,000
1. PRICEWATERHOUSECOOPERS PRIZES
Name of Prize Name of Winner Index No. Amount
PWC: AUDITING AND NGOWI, HAPPINESS E. 5024369 Tshs.300,000
ASSURANCE (C2) PRIZE
PWC BEST CPA (T) NGOWI, HAPPINESS E. 5024369 Tshs.400,000
GRADUATE PRIZE
2. TANNA SREEKUMAR & CO. PRIZES

TANNA SREEKUMAR NGOWI, HAPPINESS E. 5024369 Tshs.400,000
BEST CPA (T) GRADUATE
PRIZE
3. STANBIC TANZANIA LIMITED PRIZES

STANBIC TANZANIA NGOWI, HAPPINESS E. 5024369 US$100
LIMITED BEST CPA [T]
GRADUATE PRIZE
4. TAC ASSOCIATES PRIZES

TAC ASSOCIATES: NGOWI, HAPPINESS E. 5024369 Tshs.200,000
AUDITING AND
5. KHATRI AND COMPANY PRIZES

KHATRI AND COMPANY KILOLOMA, HASSANI 5024875 Tshs.200,000
FINANCIAL: CORPORATE
REPORTING (C1)
139
6. ERNST & YOUNG PRIZES
ERNST & YOUNG: NGOWI, HAPPINESS E. 5024369 Tshs.310,000
AUDITING AND
7. IPP BEST CPA (T) GRADUATE PRIZES

IPP BEST CPA (T) NGOWI, HAPPINESS E. Tshs.200,000
GRADUATE PRIZE
8. TAXPLAN ASSOCIATES PRIZES

TAXPLAN ASSOCIATES: CHARLES, CLARA 5024261 Tshs.400,000
PUBLIC FINANCE AND
TAXATION II (C4) PRIZE
9. TANZANIA INVESTMENT BANK PRIZES

TIB: BUSINESS AND JUMA, RAMADHANI 5024858 Tshs.500,000
CORPORATE FINANCE (C3)
PRIZE MPEPERE, JAMES 5024682 Tshs.350,000
MANYANGA, JACQUILINE F. 5025094 Tshs.200,000
10. DAR ES SALAAM STOCK EXCHANGE PRIZES

DSE: BUSINESS AND JUMA, RAMADHANI 5024858 Tshs.150,000
CORPORATE FINANCE (C3)
PRIZE
11. DELOITTE & TOUCHE PRIZES

DELOITTE & TOUCHE: NGOWI, HAPPINESS E. 5024369 Tshs.500,000
AUDITING AND
12. CAPITAL MARKETS AND SECURITIES AUTHORITY PRIZES

CMSA: BEST FINANCIAL KASANGA, MASHAURI 4026471 Tshs.100,000
MANAGEMENT (B1) PRIZE
13. KPMG PRIZES

KPMG: BEST CPA (T) NGOWI, HAPPINESS E. 5024369 US$ 100
GRADUATE PRIZE
140
14. ACCOUNTANT GENERAL’S OFFICE PRIZES
The Office of the Accountant General offers special prize Prizes to candidates with
excellent performance in the Board‟s examinations. The Prizes worth Tshs.2,440,000/- are
offered in each examination session.
The conditions for winning the prizes are:

A candidate must obtain an overall pass at a single sitting in the first examination attempt
and must score a credit pass (60%) or above either overall, or in the subject be awarded a
prize in the professional examinations as the case may be.
Candidates winning the prizes for the November 2015 examinations are as shown below:

AG‟S: BEST CPA [T] GRADUATE NGOWI, HAPPINESS E. 5024369 Tshs.800,000
PRIZE
AG‟S: AUDITING AND ASSURANCE NGOWI, HAPPINESS E. 5024369 Tshs.500,000

(C2) PRIZE
AG‟S: BEST PERFORMANCE JOHN, SARAH 4026682 Tshs.500,000

AG’S BEST CORE SUBJECT PERFORMANCE PRIZES

ACCOUNTING (A3) PRIZE MNYAVANU, WILSON 3025035 Tshs.30,000
BUSINESS INFORMATION (A4) RICHARD, PROCHES 3020154 Tshs.30,000

PRIZE
FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT (B1) KASANGA, MASHAURI 4026471 Tshs.50,000
PRIZE
FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING (B2) HINCHA, MARIAM.R. 4026775 Tshs.50,000
PRIZE
AUDITING PRINCIPLES AND DAMAS, LEONARD 4026679 Tshs.50,000
PRACTICE (B3) PRIZE
CORPORATE REPORTING (C1) KILOLOMA, HASSANI 5024875 Tshs.100,000
PRIZE
BUSINESS AND CORPORATE JUMA, RAMADHANI 5024858 Tshs.100,000
FINANCE (C3) PRIZE
PUBLIC FINANCE AND TAXATION CHARLES, CLARA 5024261 Tshs.100,000
II (C4) PRIZE
141
15. NEXIA SJ TANZANIA ACCOUNTANTS & BUSINESS ADVISERS PRIZES:

NEXIA SJ TANZANIA CHARLES, CLARA 5024261 Employment
ACCOUNTANTS & BUSINESS
ADVISER: PUBLIC FINANCE AND
TAXATION II (C4) PRIZE
NEXIA SJ TANZANIA JOHN, SARAH 4026682 Employment
ACCOUNTANTS & BUSINESS
ADVISER: BEST PERFORMANCE
16. INNOVEX PRIZES

INNOVEX BEST CPA (T) NGOWI, HAPPINESS E. 5024369 Tshs.150,000
GRADUATE PRIZE
INNOVEX BEST CPA (T) FEMALE NGOWI, HAPPINESS E. 5024369 Tshs.150,000

GRADUATE PRIZE
17. CONTROLLER AND AUDITOR GENERAL PRIZES

CAG: AUDITING AND ASSURANCE NGOWI, HAPPINESS E. 5024369 Tshs.300,000
(C2) PRIZE
CAG: BEST CPA (T) GRADUATE NGOWI, HAPPINESS E. 5024369 Tshs.100,000

PRIZE
18. PEOPLE’S BANK OF ZANZIBAR PRIZES

PBZ: BEST CPA (T) GRADUATE NGOWI, HAPPINESS E. 5024369 Tshs.500,000
PRIZE
19. BM ASSOCIATES PRIZES

BM ASSOCIATES: BEST CPA (T) NGOWI, HAPPINESS E. 5024369 Tshs.100,000
FEMALE GRADUATE
PRIZE
BM ASSOCIATES: BEST ATEC PUSKER, TUMAINI 2024913 Tshs.50,000

FEMALE GRADUATE PRIZE
142
20. TANZANIA ASSOCIATION OF ACCOUNTANTS PRIZES
TAA: BEST ATEC II CANDIDATE NINA, OMARI A. 2025612 Tshs.50,000
PRIZE
TAA: BEST CPA (T) CANDIDATE NGOWI, HAPPINESS E. 5024369 Tshs.100,000
PRIZE
21. RSM ASHVIR PRIZES

RSM ASHVIR: BEST CPA (T) NGOWI, HAPPINESS E. 5024369 Tshs.500,000
GRADUATE PRIZE &
Employment
22. CORNERSTONE FINANCIAL CONSULTANTS PRIZES

CORNERSTONE: OVERALL BEST NINA, OMARI A. 2025612 Tshs.100,000
CANDIDATE IN ATEC II LEVEL
PRIZE
CORNERSTONE:OVERALL BEST MZIKILA, UPENDO A. 3024646 Tshs.100,000
CANDIDATE IN FOUNDATION
LEVEL PRIZE
CORNERSTONE :OVERALL BEST NGOWI, HAPPINESS E. 5024369 Tshs.100,000
CPA (T) CANDIDATES PRIZES
____________________
143

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(NBAA)

THE NATIONAL BOARD OF ACCOUNTANTS AND AUDITORS

EXAMINERS’ AND PERFORMANCE REPORT

82ND EXAMINATION SESSION – NOVEMBER 2015

NBAA, Telephones: (022) 2211890-9

22ND DECEMBER 2015

Executive Summary of 82nd Examination session …………………... (vi)

CHAPTER 1 Analysis of Candidates‟ Performance in the 82nd Examination 1

CHAPTER II Performance Evaluation Subject-Wise …………………..................... 4

CHAPTER III Examiners‟ Recommendations to Tutors & Students ………………... 107

CHAPTER IV Institutional Performance Evaluation ………………………………... 115

CHAPTER V Accounting Manpower Created by the Board up to November 2015 129

Accounting Technician Level II

Intermediate (Skills and Analysis in Context Level)

Final (Professional Analysis, Application and Evaluation Level)

Implementation of the new syllabi

(b) Conversion Scheme

(c) Exemption Policy

Dar Es Salaam Centres

OBJECTIVES OF THE REPORT

EXAMINATION CANDIDATES CANDIDATES % CANDIDATES %

ATEC ATEC FOUNDATION INTERMEDIATE FINAL

79th Session May, 2014 83 161 68 85 174 90 2,109 1625 4,395

The Chart below shows the candidature distribution

Candidature Distribution – November 2015

FINAL, 1,956, 35%

Passes Partial Passes Failures Total

ATEC Level I 23 74 8 26 31 100 25 61 16 39 41 100 16 41 39 100 16 41% 71 64 40 36 111 100

ATEC Level II 20 54 17 46 37 100 30 61 19 39 49 100 21 44 48 100 21 44% 77 57 57 43 134 100

OVERALL CANDIDATES' PERFORMANCE

ACCOUNTING TECHNICIAN CERTIFICATE (ATEC) - LEVEL I

ACCOUNTING TECHNICIAN CERTIFICATE (ATEC) - LEVEL II

CANDIDATES QUALIFYING FOR THE PROFESSIONAL CERTIFICATE OF COMPLETION

GENERAL STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF EXAMINATION RESULTS

EXAMINATION ATEC I ATEC II FOUNDATION INTERMEDIATE FINAL TOTAL

NO. % NO. % NO % NO. % NO % NO. %

A total of 23 examination papers were attempted this session as detailed hereunder:

(a) Accounting Technician Level I with four papers;

ACCOUNTING TECHNICIAN LEVEL I

T.01 Book keeping and Accounts 53 41 77.4 72 51 70.8 55 40 72.7

T.01 - BOOK-KEEPING AND ACCOUNTS

I: PRINCIPAL LEARNING OUTCOME

III: TOPICS EXAMINED AND CANDIDATES’ PERFORMANCE

QUESTION 1: VARIOUS TOPICS - MULTIPLE CHOICES

QUESTION 2: A. PREPARATION OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

QUESTION 3: A. ACCOUNTING EQUATION AND PRINCIPLE OF DOUBLE

Candidates were required to use the provided information to:-

Some candidates seem to know the answer but encounter difficulties in

(b) Candidates’ overall performance

Classification of Marks 0-49 50-69 70-79 80-100 TOTAL

Percentage 27.3 60.0 10.9 1.8 100

II: STRUCTURE OF THE PAPER

III: TOPICS EXAMINED AND CANDIDATES’ PERFORMANCE

Candidates were tested on the following topics:

QUESTION 1: MULTIPLECHOICE – VARIOUS TOPICS

QUESTION 2: A. ELEMENTARY MATHEMATICS

Candidates were required to:-

Classification of Marks 0-49 50-69 70-79 80-100 TOTAL

82.9 17.1 0.0 0.0 100

November 2014 November 2015 % decrease

I: PRINCIPAL LEARNING OUTCOME

II: STRUCTURE OF THE PAPER

III: TOPICS EXAMINED AND CANDIDATES’ PERFORMANCE