Data - data Konstruksi :

Kuda - kuda type = D

Kemiringan atap ( α ) = 30 ˚
Bentang Kuda - kuda ( B ) = 20 m
Panjang Gudang ( L ) = 44 m
Jarak antar kolom = 4.5 m
Penutup atap = Seng gelombang
Sifat dinding = Tertutup
Tinggi kolom ( h ) = 4m

P5

I
P4 P6
A4 A5

G K
P3 P7
A3 A6

V4
E M
P2 D3 D4 P8
A2 V3 A7
V5
D2 D5
D V2 O
1
P1 X 2 A1 V6 A8 P9 X 21
D1 D6
V1 V7

A B
C F H J L N P
B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 B8

2000

DETAIL KUDA-KUDA
200

G
G
G
G
G
G
KK
G
G
G
KK
G
G
G KK
G
G
G KK
N
2000

G
G
G KK

KK G
G
KK G
G
KK G
G
KK G
G
G
G
200

G
G

200 4000 200

RENCANA ATAP
PERHITUNGAN PANJANG BATANG :

Batang bawah ( B ) =
B : L : X → X = 8 bh
L = 20 m
20
B = = 2.5 m
8

Batang atas ( A ) =
A : B : Cos α → Cos 30 ˚ = 0.866
B = 2.5 m
2.5
A = = 2.887 m
0.866

Batang vertikal ( V ) =
V1 = V7 = 2.5 . tg 30 ˚
= 2.5 . 0.577
= 1.443 m
V2 = V6 = 2.5 . tg 30 ˚
= 2.5 . 0.577 . 2
= 2.885 m
V3 = V5 = 2.5 . tg 30 ˚
= 2.5 . 0.577 . 3
= 4.328 m
V4 = 2.5 . tg 30 ˚
= 2.5 . 0.577 . 4
= 5.770 m

Batang diagonal ( D ) =
D1 = D6 = ( 2.5 ² + 1.443 ² )½
= ( 6.250 + 2.081 )½
= ( 8.331 ) ½
= 2.886 m
D2 = D6 = ( 2.5 ² + 2.886 ² )½
= ( 6.250 + 8.331 )½
= ( 14.581 ) ½
= 3.818 m
D3 = D4 = ( 2.5 ² + 4.328 ² )½
= ( 6.250 + 18.727 )½
= ( 24.977 ) ½
= 4.998 m
PERHITUNGAN DIMENSI GORDING

Dicoba memakai gording C 12

H = 120 mm
B = 55 mm
D = 7 mm
Wx = 60.7 mm
Wy = 11.1 mm
Berat profil = 13.4 Kg.m¹

# Berat gording dan atap …………………. ( K1 )

gording = 13.4 Kg.m¹
seng gelombang = 10.0 Kg.m¹ +
Q = 23.4 Kg.m²
Baut 10 % = 2.34 Kg.m² +
25.7 Kg.m² → Q total = 26 Kg.m²

Qy = Q total . Cos 30 ˚
= 26 . 0.866
= 22.516 Kg.m¹

Mx₁ = ⅛ . Qy . L ²
= 0.125 . 22.516 . 4.5 ²
= 56.9936 Kg.m¹

My₁ = ⅛ . Q total . Sin α . L ²

= 0.125 . 26 . Sin 30˚ . 4.5 ²
= 0.125 . 26 . 0.5 . 20.25
= 32.9063 Kg.m¹

# Beban angin pada atap …………………. ( K2 )

Beban angin = 40 Kg.m²
kemiringan atap = 30 ˚

dipihak angin C1 = 0.02 . α - 0.4

= 0.02 . 30 - 0.4
= 0.6 - 0.4 = 0.2
dibelakang angin C2 = -0.4

Dari tabel pembebanan pengaruh angin ditentukan :

beban dipihak angin W1 = C1 . A . 40
= 0.2 . 2.887 . 40
= 23.09469 Kg.m¹
beban dibelakang angin W2 = C2 . A . 40
 = -0.4 . 2.887 . 40
= -46.1894 Kg.m¹

Mx₂ = ⅛ . W1 . L ²
= 0.125 . 23.0947 . 4.5 ²
= 58.4584 Kg.m¹

Mx₂ = ⅛ . W2 . L ²
= 0.125 . -46.189 . 4.5 ²
= -116.917 Kg.m¹

My₂ = 0

# Beban hidup …………………. ( K3 )

untuk beban ini ditentukan P = 100 Kg terpusat di tengah batang

Mx₃ = ¼ . 100 . Cos 30˚ . 4.5

= 0.25 . 100 . 0.866 . 4.5
= 97.425 Kg.m¹

My₂ = ¼ . 100 . Sin 30˚ . ( 4.5 / 2 )

= 0.25 . 100 . 0.5 . 2.25
= 28.125 Kg.m¹

Kombinasi pembebanan ( P ditiadakan saat angin bekerja )

Kombinasi K1 + K2
Mx₁ + Mx₂ = 56.9936 + 58.4584
= 115.452 Kg.m¹
Mx₁ + Mx₂ = 56.9936 + -116.917
= -59.923 Kg.m¹
My₁ + My₂ = 32.9063 + 0
= 32.906
My₁ + My₂ = 32.9063 + 0
= 32.906
Total Mx = 115.452 Kg.m¹
-59.923 Kg.m¹ +
55.529 Kg.m¹
Total My = 32.906 Kg.m¹
32.906 Kg.m¹ +
65.813 Kg.m¹

Kombinasi K1 + K3
Mx₁ + Mx₃ = 56.9936 + 97.425
= 154.419 Kg.m¹
My₁ + My₂ = 32.9063 + 28.125
= 61.031 Kg.m¹
 Total Mx = 154.419 Kg.m¹

Total My = 61.031 Kg.m¹

JADI, kombinasi terbesar yang menentukan adalah kombinasi K1 + K3

TEGANGAN YANG TERJADI

Mx My
σ = +
Wx Wy
154.419 . 10 ² 61.031 . 10 ²
= +
60.7 11.1
= 254.396 + 549.831
= 804.227 Kg.cm²

σ < σ Baja BJ 37
804.227 Kg.cm² < 1600 Kg.cm²
OOOOKKKKKEEEEYYY

JADI, Memakai Baja BJ 37

KONTROL LENDUTAN
e = 2.1 . 10 ⁶

4 Q . Cos α . L⁴ 1 P . Cos α . L³
Fy = x + x
384 E . Ix 48 E . Ix

4 26 . 0.866 . 450 ⁴ 1 100 . 0.866 . 450 ³

= x + x
384 2.1 . 10 ⁶ . 364 48 2.1 . 10 ⁶ . 364

3693 7891
= +
293529.6 36691.2
= 0.013 + 0.215 = 0.228

4 Q . Sin α . L⁴ 1 P . Sin α . L³
Fx = x + x
384 E . Ix 48 E . Ix

4 26 . 0.500 . 450 ⁴ 1 100 . 0.500 . 450 ³

= x + x
384 2.1 . 10 ⁶ . 43.21 48 2.1 . 10 ⁶ . 43.21

2132 4556
= +
34844.544 4355.568
= 0.061 + 1.046 = 1.107

F = ( Fx ² + Fy ² )½
= ( 1.107 ² + 0.228 ² ) ½
 = ( 1.226 + 0.052 ) ½
= ( 1.278 ) ½
= 1.130

F izin = 1 1
x L = x 450 = 1.8
250 250

JADI, F < F izin

1.130 < 1.8
OOOOKKKKKEEEEYYY
PERHITUNGAN PEMBEBANAN

> Data - data Konstruksi :

Berat gording = 13.2 Kg.m¹
Kemiringan atap ( α ) = 30 ˚
Bentang Kuda - kuda ( B ) = 25 m
Jarak antar kolom = 4.5 m
Penutup atap = Seng gelombang : 10 Kg.cm²
Penggantung Plafond = 18 Kg.cm²
Tinggi kolom ( h ) = 5m
Jarak gording = A 2.887
= = 0.64 m
L 4.5

> Pembebanan

beban gording
= 4 . 13.2 . 4.5 = 237.600 Kg.cm²

beban atap dan plafond

= 28 . 2.887 . 4.5 = 363.741 Kg.cm²

beban kuda - kuda

= 27 . 2.887 . 4.5 = 350.751 Kg.cm²

sambungan dan perlengkapan

= 30 % 350.751 = 105.225 Kg.cm²

beban hidup = 100.000 Kg.cm² +

P = 1157.32 Kg.cm²

muatan tak terduga 10 % = P x 10 %

= 1157.32 x 10 %
= 115.732

P total = 115.732 + 1157.317

= 1273.049

RA = RB = P1 + P2 + P3 + P4 + P5 + P6 + P7 + P8 + P9
 = 636.524 + 1273.05 + 1273.05 + 1273.05 + 1273.05 + 1273.05 + 1273.05 +
2
1273.05 + 636.524

10184.390
=
2

= 5092.195 Kg

> Perhitungan pembebanan angin

Beban angin = 40 Kg.m²
kemiringan atap = 30 ˚

dipihak angin C1 = 0.02 . α - 0.4

= 0.02 . 30 - 0.4
= 0.6 - 0.4 = 0.2
dibelakang angin C2 = -0.4

Dari tabel pembebanan pengaruh angin ditentukan :

beban tekan angin W1 = C1 . 40
= 0.2 . 40
= 8 Kg.m¹
beban hisap angin W2 = C2 . 40
= -0.4 40
= -16 Kg.m¹

Pengaruh angin tekan ( W1 ) = 8 (titik buhul)

2.887
A = x 4.5 x 8 = 51.96305 Kg
2

D = 2.887 x 4.5 x 8 = 103.9261 Kg

E = 2.887 x 4.5 x 8 = 103.9261 Kg

G = 2.887 x 4.5 x 8 = 103.9261 Kg

2.887
I = x 4.5 x 8 = 51.96305 Kg
2

Pengaruh angin hisap ( W2 ) = -16 (titik buhul)

2.887
I = x 4.5 x -16 = -103.926 Kg
2

K = 2.887 x 4.5 x -16 = -207.852 Kg

 M = 2.887 x 4.5 x -16 = -207.852 Kg

O = 2.887 x 4.5 x -16 = -207.852 Kg

2.887
B = x 4.5 x -16 = -103.926 Kg
2

MUATAN TETAP PER BATANG

BATANG SKALA BESAR GAYA BATANG ( Kg )
NAMA PANJANG ( cm ) GAYA ( Kg) TARIK ( + ) TEKAN ( - )
A1 21.77 1000 0 21770
A2 18.66 1000 0 18660
A3 15.55 1000 0 15550
A4 12.44 1000 0 12440
A5 12.44 1000 0 12440
A6 15.55 1000 0 15550
A7 18.66 1000 0 18660
A8 21.77 1000 0 21770
B1 18.85 1000 18850 0
B2 18.85 1000 18850 0
B3 16.16 1000 16160 0
B4 13.46 1000 13460 0
B5 13.46 1000 13460 0
B6 16.16 1000 16160 0
B7 18.85 1000 18850 0
B8 18.85 1000 18850 0
V1 0 1000 0 0
V2 1.55 1000 0 1550
V3 3.11 1000 0 3110
V4 9.33 1000 0 9330
V5 3.11 1000 0 3110
V6 1.55 1000 0 1550
V7 0 1000 0 0
D1 3.11 1000 0 3110
D2 4.11 1000 0 4110
D3 5.38 1000 0 5380
D4 5.38 1000 0 5380
D5 4.11 1000 0 4110
D6 3.11 1000 0 3110
 REAKSI GAYA SIMPUL A & B
PANJANG GAYA ANGIN GAYA ANGIN KOMBINASI
REAKSI TARIK TEKAN TARIK TEKAN TARIK TEKAN
(+) (-) 1 : 1000 1 : 1000 (+) (-)

RA 10.62 7.029 10620 7029 3591 0

RB 10.62 2.650 10620 2650 7970 0

RAV 5.31 5.310 5310 5310 0 0

RAH 9.2 4.6 9200 4600 4600 0

ANGIN KIRI TEKAN

BATANG SKALA BESAR GAYA BATANG ( Kg )
NAMA PANJANG ( cm ) GAYA ( Kg) TARIK ( + ) TEKAN ( - )
A1 8.614 1000 0 8614
A2 7.295 1000 0 7295
A3 5.967 1000 0 5967
A4 4.639 1000 0 4639
A5 5.303 1000 0 5303
A6 5.303 1000 0 5303
A7 5.303 1000 0 5303
A8 5.303 1000 0 5303
B1 11.47 1000 11470 0
B2 11.47 1000 11470 0
B3 9.192 1000 9192 0
B4 6.89 1000 6890 0
B5 4.59 1000 4590 0
B6 4.59 1000 4590 0
B7 4.59 1000 4590 0
B8 4.59 1000 4590 0
V1 0 1000 0 0
V2 1.131 1000 0 1131
V3 2.640 1000 0 2640
V4 3.970 1000 0 3970
V5 0 1000 0 0
V6 0 1000 0 0
V7 0 1000 0 0
D1 2.638 1000 0 2638
D2 3.506 1000 0 3506
D3 4.594 1000 0 4594
D4 0 1000 0 0
D5 0 1000 0 0
 D6 0 1000 0 0

ANGIN KANAN HISAP

BATANG SKALA BESAR GAYA BATANG ( Kg )
NAMA PANJANG ( cm ) GAYA ( Kg) TARIK ( + ) TEKAN ( - )
A1 10.62 1000 10620 0
A2 10.62 1000 10620 0
A3 10.62 1000 10620 0
A4 10.62 1000 10620 0
A5 9.29 1000 9290 0
A6 11.95 1000 11950 0
A7 14.590 1000 14590 0
A8 17.27 1000 17270 0
B1 0 1000 0 0
B2 0 1000 0 0
B3 0 1000 0 0
B4 0 1000 0 0
B5 4.6 1000 0 4600
B6 9.19 1000 0 9190
B7 13.8 1000 0 13800
B8 13.8 1000 0 13800
V1 0 1000 0 0
V2 0 1000 0 0
V3 0 1000 0 0
V4 7.96 1000 7960 0
V5 5.311 1000 5311 0
V6 2.64 1000 2640 0
V7 0 1000 0 0
D1 0 1000 0 0
D2 0 1000 0 0
D3 0 1000 0 0
D4 9.2 1000 9200 0
D5 7.01 1000 7010 0
D6 5.32 1000 5320 0

GAYA RANGKA BATANG AKIBAT ANGIN ( KOMBINASI )

ANGIN TEKAN ( Kg ) ANGIN HISAP ( Kg ) KOMBINASI ( Kg )
BATANG TARIK TEKAN TARIK TEKAN TARIK TEKAN
(+) (-) (+) (-) (+) (-)
A1 0 8614 10620 0 2006 0
A2 0 7295 10620 0 3325 0
A3 0 5967 10620 0 4653 0
A4 0 4639 10620 0 5981 0
A5 0 5303 9290 0 3987 0
A6 0 5303 11950 0 6647 0
A7 0 5303 14590 0 9287 0
A8 0 5303 17270 0 11967 0
B1 11470 0 0 0 11470 0
B2 11470 0 0 0 11470 0
B3 9192 0 0 0 9192 0
B4 6890 0 0 0 6890 0
B5 4590 0 0 4600 -10 0
B6 4590 0 0 9190 0 4600
B7 4590 0 0 13800 0 9210
B8 4590 0 0 13800 0 9210
V1 0 0 0 0 0 0
V2 0 1131 0 0 0 1131
V3 0 2640 0 0 0 2640
V4 0 3970 7960 0 3990 0
V5 0 0 5311 0 5311 0
V6 0 0 2640 0 2640 0
V7 0 0 0 0 0 0
D1 0 2638 0 0 0 2638
 D2 0 3506 0 0 0 3506
D3 0 4594 0 0 4594
D4 0 0 9200 0 9200 0
D5 0 0 7010 0 7010 0
D6 0 0 5320 0 5320 0

GAYA RANGKA BATANG ( KOMBINASI )

AKIBAT BEBAN TETAP DAN BEBAN ANGIN

BEBAN TETAP ( Kg ) BEBAN ANGIN ( Kg ) KOMBINASI ( Kg )

BATANG TARIK TEKAN TARIK TEKAN TARIK TEKAN
(+) (-) (+) (-) (+) (-)
A1 0 21770 2006 0 0 19764
A2 0 18660 3325 0 0 15335
A3 0 15550 4653 0 0 10897
A4 0 12440 5981 0 0 6459
A5 0 12440 3987 0 0 8453
A6 0 15550 6647 0 0 8903
A7 0 18660 9287 0 0 9373
A8 0 21770 11967 0 0 9803
B1 18850 0 11470 0 30320 0
B2 18850 0 11470 0 30320 0
B3 16160 0 9192 0 25352 0
B4 13460 0 6890 0 20350 0
B5 13460 0 -10 0 13450 0
B6 16160 0 0 4600 11560 0
B7 18850 0 0 9210 9640 0
B8 18850 0 0 9210 9640 0
V1 0 0 0 0 0 0
V2 0 1550 0 1131 0 2681
V3 0 3110 0 2640 0 5750
V4 0 9330 3990 0 0 5340
V5 0 3110 5311 0 2201 0
 V6 0 1550 2640 0 1090 0
V7 0 0 0 0 0 0
D1 0 3110 0 2638 0 5748
D2 0 4110 0 3506 0 7616
D3 0 5380 0 4594 0 9974
D4 0 5380 9200 0 3820 0
D5 0 4110 7010 0 2900 0
D6 0 3110 5320 0 2210 0

PERHITUNGAN PROFIL KUDA - KUDA

Batang atas A

Nama batang = A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8

Gaya batang Max ( P ) = 19764 Kg
Panjang batang = 3.608 m → 360.8 cm

Dicoba menggunakan profil 100 . 100 . 10 Baut = 14 mm

Ix = 177.0 cm⁴
F = 19.2 cm²
ix = 3.04 cm
s = 28.2 mm → 2.82 cm

e total = 2.82 + 0.5 = 3.32 cm

iy = 2 ( Ix + F (e)² )
= 2 ( 177.0 + 19.2 ( 3.32 )² )
= 777.26 cm²
iy = ( 777.26 / 2 . F ) ½
= ( 777.26 / 2 . 19.2 ) ½
= ( 20.2412 ) ½
= 4.499 cm

maka ix = 3.04 cm adalah i minimum ( i min )

e = 2.1 . 10 ⁶
 LK 360.8
λ= = = 118.684
i min 3.04

π² . e 3.14 ² . 2.1 . 10 ⁶ 20705160

v kt = = = = 1469.917 Kg.cm²
x² 118.684 ² 14085.942

v kt 1469.917
σ kt = = = 521.247 Kg.cm²
s 2.82

Tegangan yang timbul ( σ )

P 19764
σ= = = 514.688 Kg.cm²
2F 2 . 19.2

σ < σ kt
514.688 Kg.cm² < 521.247 Kg.cm²
OOOOKKKKKEEEEYYY

Profil 100 . 100 . 10 bisa dipakai.

Batang bawah B

Nama batang = B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8

Gaya batang Max ( P ) = 30320 Kg
Panjang batang = 3.13 m → 313 cm
Tegangan izin = 1600 Kg.cm²

Dicoba menggunakan profil 90 . 90 . 9 Baut = 14 mm

Ix = 116.0 cm⁴
F = 15.5 cm² → 2F = 31
ix = 2.74 cm
s = 25.4 mm → 2.54 cm

F efk = 31 - 2 ( 1.5 . 0.6 )

= 29.2 cm²

LK 312.5
λ= = = 114.051
i min 2.74

P 30320
σ= = = 1038.356 Kg.cm²
F efk 29.2

σ < Ŧ
1038.356 Kg.cm² < 1600 Kg.cm²
OOOOKKKKKEEEEYYY
 Profil 90 . 90 . 9 bisa dipakai.

Batang diagonal D

BATANG TARIK
Nama batang = D4, D5, D6
Gaya batang Max ( P ) = 3820 Kg
Panjang batang Max = 5.409 m → 540.9 cm
Tegangan izin = 1600 Kg.cm²

Dicoba menggunakan profil 80 . 80 . 10 Baut = `14 mm

Ix = 87.5 cm⁴
F = 15.1 cm² → 2F = 30.2 cm²
ix = 2.41 cm
s = 23.4 mm → 2.34 cm

LK 540.9
λ= = = 224.440
i min 2.41

λg = π ( e / 0.7 Te ) ½
= 3.14 ( 2.1 . 10 ⁶ / 0.7 . 2400 )
= 111.016

λ 224.440
λs= = = 2.021693 ≥ 1
λg 111.016

untuk λ ≥ 1 maka w = 2.381 . λs

= 2.381 . 2.021693 = 4.81365

F efk = 30.2 - 2 ( 1.5 . 1.5 )

= 25.7 cm²
F efk . б 25.7 . 1600
σ= = = 8542.371 Kg
w 4.814

> Pσ
8542.371 Kg > 3820 Kg
OOOOKKKKKEEEEYYY

Profil 80 . 80 . 10 bisa dipakai.

BATANG TEKAN
Nama batang = D1, D2, D3
Gaya batang Max ( P ) = 9974 Kg
Panjang batang Max = 5.409 m → 540.9 cm
Tegangan izin = 1600 Kg.cm²
 Dicoba menggunakan profil 90 . 90 . 9 Baut = 14 mm
Ix = 116.0 cm⁴
F = 15.5 cm² → 2F = 31 cm²
ix = 2.74 cm
s = 25.4 mm → 2.54 cm

LK 540.9
λ= = = 197.409
i min 2.74

F efk = 31 - 2 ( 1.5 . 1.5 )

= 26.5 cm²

P 9974
σ= = = 321.742
F efk 31

σ < Ŧ
321.742 Kg.cm² < 1600 Kg.cm²
OOOOKKKKKEEEEYYY

Profil 90 . 90 . 9 bisa dipakai.

Batang vertikal V

BATANG TARIK
Nama batang = V5, V6
Gaya batang Max ( P ) = 2201 Kg
Panjang batang Max = 6.247 m → 624.7 cm
Tegangan izin = 1600 Kg.cm²

Dicoba menggunakan profil 80 . 80 . 12 Baut = 20 mm

Ix = 102.0 cm⁴
F = 17.9 cm² → 2F = 35.8 cm²
ix = 2.39 cm
s = 24.1 mm → 2.41 cm

LK 624.7
λ= = = 261.381
i min 2.39

F efk = 35.8 - 2 ( 1.5 . 1.5 )

= 31.3 cm²

P 2201
σ= = = 70.319
σ= = = 70.319
F efk 31.3

σ < Ŧ
70.319 Kg.cm² < 1600 Kg.cm²
OOOOKKKKKEEEEYYY

Profil 80 . 80 . 12 bisa dipakai.

BATANG TEKAN
Nama batang = V2, V3, V4
Gaya batang Max ( P ) = 5340 Kg
Panjang batang Max = 6.247 m → 624.7 cm
Tegangan izin = 1600 Kg.cm²

Dicoba menggunakan profil 80 . 80 . 12 Baut = 14 mm

Ix = 102.0 cm⁴
F = 17.9 cm² → 2F = 35.8 cm²
ix = 2.39 cm
s = 24.1 mm → 2.41 cm

LK 624.7
λ= = = 261.381
i min 2.39

λg = π ( e / 0.7 Te ) ½
= 3.14 ( 2.1 . 10 ⁶ / 0.7 . 2400 )
= 111.016

λ 261.381
λs= = = 2.354447 ≥ 1
λg 111.016

untuk λ ≥ 1 maka w = 2.381 . λs

= 2.381 . 2.354447 = 5.60594

F efk = 35.8 - 2 ( 1.5 . 1.5 )

= 31.3 cm²
F efk . б 31.3 . 1600
σ= = = 8933.383 Kg
w 5.606

> P σ
8933.383 Kg > 5340 Kg
OOOOKKKKKEEEEYYY

Profil 80 . 80 . 12 bisa dipakai.

PERHITUNGAN BAUT PADA TIAP TITIK BUHUL

Profil seluruh kuda-kuda 100 . 100 . 10

tebal plat = 10 mm
diameter baut = 14 mm
diameter lubang = 14 + 1 = 15 mm
tegangan geser izin б = 1600 Kg.cm²

Ng = 0.25 . π . d ² . б
= 0.25 . 3.14 . 1.5 ² . 1600
= 2826 Kg

Ntp = d . t . бt . б Ng > Ntp

= 1.5 . 1.0 . 0.9 . 1600 2826 > 2160
= 2160 OOOOKKKKKEEEEYYY
JUMLAH BAUT TITIK BUHUL A = B

Batang A1
gaya A1 19764
n = = = 6.99363 → 5 bh
Ng 2826
Batang B1
gaya B1 30320
n = = = 10.729 → 7 bh
Ng 2826

JUMLAH BAUT TITIK BUHUL D = O

Batang A1 dan A2
gaya A1 - gaya A2 19764 - 15335
n = = = 1.567 → 3 bh
Ng 2826
Batang D1
gaya D1 5748
n = = = 2.034 → 3 bh
Ng 2826
Batang V1
gaya V1 0
n = = = 0 → 3 bh
Ng 2826

JUMLAH BAUT TITIK BUHUL E = M

Batang A2 dan A3
gaya A2 - gaya A3 15335 - 10897
n = = = 1.570 → 3 bh
Ng 2826
Batang D2
gaya D2 7616
n = = = 2.695 → 3 bh
Ng 2826
Batang V2
gaya V2 2681
n = = = 0.949 → 3 bh
Ng 2826

JUMLAH BAUT TITIK BUHUL E = K

Batang A3 dan A4
gaya A3 - gaya A4 10897 - 6459
n = = = 1.570 → 3 bh
Ng 2826
Batang D3
gaya D3 9974
n = = = 3.529 → 3 bh
Ng 2826
Batang V3
gaya V3 5750
n = = = 2.035 → 3 bh
Ng 2826

JUMLAH BAUT TITIK BUHUL I

Batang A4
 gaya A4 6459
n = = = 2.286 → 3 bh
Ng 2826
Batang A5
gaya A5 8453
n = = = 2.991 → 3 bh
Ng 2826
Batang V4
gaya V4 5340
n = = = 1.890 → 3 bh
Ng 2826

JUMLAH BAUT TITIK BUHUL C = P

Batang B1 dan B2
gaya B1 - gaya B2 30320 - 30320
n = = = 0.000 → 3 bh
Ng 2826
Batang V1
gaya V1 0
n = = = 0.000 → 3 bh
Ng 2826

JUMLAH BAUT TITIK BUHUL F = N

Batang B2 dan B3
gaya B2 - gaya B3 30320 - 25352
n = = = 1.758 → 3 bh
Ng 2826
Batang D1
gaya D1 5748
n = = = 2.034 → 3 bh
Ng 2826
Batang V2
gaya V2 2681
n = = = 0.949 → 3 bh
Ng 2826

JUMLAH BAUT TITIK BUHUL H = L

Batang B3 dan B4
gaya B3 - gaya B4 25352 - 20350
n = = = 1.770 → 3 bh
0 2826
Batang D2
gaya D2 7616
n = = = 2.695 → 3 bh
Ng 2826
Batang V3
gaya V3 5750
n = = = 2.035 → 3 bh
Ng 2826

JUMLAH BAUT TITIK BUHUL J

 Batang B4
gaya B4 20350
n = = = 7.201 → 5 bh
Ng 2826
Batang B5
gaya B5 13450
n = = = 4.759 → 4 bh
Ng 2826
Batang V4
gaya V4 5340
n = = = 1.890 → 3 bh
Ng 2826
Batang D3
gaya D3 9974
n = = = 3.529 → 3 bh
Ng 2826
Batang D4
gaya D4 3820
n = = = 1.352 → 3 bh
Ng 2826

MENENTUKAN KOPEL
jumlah pelat koppel = 8 bh
tebal pelat ( + ) = 8 mm
gaya max = 9803 Kg
lebar pelat = 18 cm

gaya batang yang dipikul pelat koppel ( D ) :

D = 0.015 . P
= 0.015 . 9803 = 147.045 Kg

Ng = 0.25 . π . d ² . б
= 0.25 . 3.14 . 2 ² . 1600
= 5024 Kg

Ntp = d . t . бt . б
= 1.8 . 0.8 . 2 . 1600
= 4608

Ng > Ntp maka, Ntp lah yang menentukan

D 147.045
n = = = 0.032 → 2 bh
 n = = = 0.032 → 2 bh
Ntp 4608

PERHITUNGAN KOLOM

> Data - data Konstruksi :

Berat gording = 13.2
Kemiringan atap ( α ) = 30 ˚
Bentang Kuda - kuda ( B ) = 25 m
Jarak bagin Kuda - kuda = 3.1 m
Jarak antar kolom = 4.5 m
Penutup atap = Seng gelombang : 10 Kg.cm²
Penggantung Plafond = 18 Kg.cm²
Tinggi kolom ( h ) = 5m
Jarak gording = A 3.608
= = 0.80 m
L 4.5

> Pembebanan

beban gording
= 4 . 13.2 . 4.5 = 237.600 Kg.cm²

beban atap dan plafond

= 28 . 3.608 . 4.5 = 454.608 Kg.cm²

beban kuda - kuda

= 27 . 3.608 . 4.5 = 438.372 Kg.cm²

sambungan dan perlengkapan

= 30 % 438.372 = 131.512 Kg.cm²

beban hidup = 100.000 Kg.cm² +

P = 1362.09 Kg.cm²

Perhitungan reaksi kolom : P

P P P
P P
P P

RA RA
20
.

∑MA = 0
- RB . 25 + P . 21.9 + P . 19 + P . 15.6 + P . 13 +

P . 9.4 + P . 6 + P . 3.1 + = 0

- RB . 25 + P ( 25 + 21.9 + 19 + 15.6 + 13 + 9.4 + 6 + 3.1 )=0

- RB . 25 + P ( 113 )

P . 113 113
RB = = P = 4.5 P
25 25

RA = RB = 4.5 . P
= 4.5 . 1362.09
= 6129.412

Pendimensian kolom
tinggi kolom ( h ) = 5m → 500 mm
б kolom Bj 37 = 1600 Kg.cm²
N = 6129.412

Dicoba menggunakan profil WF 350 . 250

t1 = 9 mm
t2 = 14 mm
A = 101.5 cm²
ix = 14.6 cm²
iy = 6 cm²
Wx = 1280 cm³
Wy = 292 cm³

arah tegak lurus sumbu x

k = 1
L ky k L 1 . 500
λx = = = = 34.2466
ix ix 14.6

λg = π ( e / 0.7 Te ) ½
= 3.14 ( 2.1 . 10 ⁶ / 0.7 . 2400 )
= 111.016

λx 34.247
λs= = = 0.308
λg 111.016

untuk 0.183 < λs < 1 maka

1.41 1.41
Wx = = = 1.098
1.593 - λs 1.593 - 0.308
`
π² E A 3.14 ² . 2.1 . 10 ⁶ 101.5 2E+09
nx = = = = 292.342
N . λ x² 6129.412 . 34.247 ² 7E+06
 nx 292.342
= = 1.003 → 1
nx - 1 292.342 -1

Bx = 0.6 + 0.4 . Mx1/Mx2

= 0.6 + 0.4 . 0
= 0.6

Mx = 0.125 . N . L
= 0.125 . 6129.412 . 500
= 383088.2625

arah tegak lurus sumbu x

k = 1
L ky k L 1 . 500
λy = = = = 83.3333
iy iy 6

λg = π ( e / 0.7 Te ) ½
= 3.14 ( 2.1 . 10 ⁶ / 0.7 . 2400 )
= 111.016

λy 83.333
λs= = = 0.751
λg 111.016

untuk 0.183 < λs < 1 maka

1.41 1.41
Wy = = = 1.674
1.593 - λs 1.593 - 0.751
`
π² E A 3.14 ² . 2.1 . 10 ⁶ 101.5 2E+09
ny = = = = 49.373
N . λ x² 6129.412 . 83.333 ² 4E+07

ny 49.373
= = 1.021 → 1
ny - 1 49.373 -1

Cek persamaan interaksi

a) N ny Mx
Wx + Bx x < б
A ny - 1 Wx
6129.412 383088.2625
1.098 + 0.6 x 1 < 1600 Kg.cm²
101.5 1280

245.860 Kg.cm² < 1600 Kg.cm²

b) N
Wx < б
A
6129.412
1.674 < 1600 Kg.cm²
101.5
 101.083 Kg.cm² < 1600 Kg.cm²

c) N Mx
+ < б
A Wx
6129.412 383088.2625
+ < 1600 Kg.cm²
101.5 1280

359.676 Kg.cm² < 1600 Kg.cm²

Profil WF 350 . 250 bisa dipakai.

Pelat dasar kolom pada pondasi

1 kip = 4.536 . 10 ² Kg
1 m² = 6.452 cm²

Beban aksial ( P ) = 6129.412 = 1351.281

P'C = 3 ksi

Fp = 0.35 . P'C
= 0.35 . 3
= 1.05 kgi

A perlu = P / FP
= 1351.281 / 1.05
= 1286.935

Profil yang digunakan adalah WF 350 . 250

A = 101.5 cm²
d = 34 cm
b = 25 cm

menentukan lebar ( B ) dan panjang ( N ) pelat dimana harus memenuhi syarat :

B x N ≥ 5590.486 cm²

untuk pemilihan B dan N sedemikian hingga perbedaan ( selisih ) diantara keduanya mendekati :

0.92 d - 0.80 b
0.92 . 34 - 0.8 . 25 = 11.28 cm

dicoba berbagai gaya B dan N sebagai berikut :

B x N ≥ 5590.486 cm²

B N Was selisih
75 76 5700 1
75 78 5694 3
 71 80 5680 9
70 83 5740 13

gunakan B = 70 dan N = 83
tekanan aktual adalah
P 6129.412
Fp = = = 1.055 Kg.cm²
B . N 70 . 83

hitung M dan N

N - 0.95 d 83 - 0.95 . 34
M = = = 25.35 cm
2 2

N - 0.80 d 70 - 0.80 . 25
N = = = 25 cm
2 2

hitung tebal pelat ( tp )

tp = N ( FP / 0.25 Fy ) ½
= 25 ( 1.055 / 0.25 . 2400 )½
= 1.048 → 1 cm

jadi, pelat landasan yang dipakai adalah 70 . 1 . 83

Menentukan jumlah baut

pada kolom digunakan profil WF . 350 . 250 . 9 . 14

diameter baut = 2 ( 14 + 9 / 2 ) = 23 mm

diameter lubang = 23 + 1 = 24 mm
e1 = 2 d
= 2 . 24 = 48
s = 3 d
= 3 . 24 = 72

Ng = 0.25 . π . d ² . б
= 0.25 . 3.14 . 2.4 ² . 1600
= 7234.56 Kg

Ntp = d . t . б
= 2.4 . 0.9 . 1600
= 3456

Ng > Ntp maka, Ntp lah yang menentukan

P 6129.412
n = = = 1.774 → 2 bh
Ntp 3456

Cek kekuatan baut :

untuk mengetahui kuat atau tidaknya baut menahan suatu beban harus memenuhi syarat berikut :
б ≤ 0.8 x 1600 Kg.cm²

P
2 . 1/4 . π . d² . 3

6129.412
2 . 0.25 . 3.14 2.4 ² . 3

225.931 Kg.cm² ≤ 0.8 x 1600 Kg.cm²

225.931 Kg.cm² ≤ 1280 Kg.cm²

OOOOKKKKKEEEEYYY
1706.8

30.24
0.00342064884091075

66.2876075363

179.5726230469
245.8602305832
 5074.83
1014.966
1118.814347759
32.6887786733

1065.5374740562
 34.5
l2 = 250 ( 250 + 14 / 2 ) > 1.5 diameter lubang
= 33000
Data - data Konstruksi :
Kuda - kuda type = D
Kemiringan atap ( α ) = 19 ˚
Bentang Kuda - kuda ( B ) = 18.65 m
Panjang Gudang ( L ) = 38 m
Jarak antar kolom = 6.0 m
Penutup atap = Onduline
Sifat dinding = Terbuka
Tinggi kolom ( h ) = 7.25 m

P5

I
P4 P6
A4 A5

G K
P3 P7
A3 A6

V4
E M
P2 D3 D4 P8
A2 V3 A7
V5
D2 D5
D V2 O
P1 X 21 A1 V6 A8 P9 X 21
D1 D6
V1 V7

A B
C F H J L N P
B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 B8

2000
DETAIL KUDA-KUDA
200

G
G
G
G
G
G
KK
G
G
G
KK
G
G
G KK
G
G
G KK
N
2000

G
G
G KK

KK G
G
KK G
G
KK G
G
KK G
G
G
G
200

G
G

200 4000 200

RENCANA ATAP

PERHITUNGAN PANJANG BATANG :

Batang bawah ( B ) =
B : L : X → X= 19 bh
L= 18.65 m
19
B = = 0.982 m
19

Batang atas ( A ) =
A : B : Cos α → Cos 19 ˚ = 0.946
B = 0.982 m
0.98158
A = = 1.038 m
0.946
Batang vertikal ( V ) =
V1 = V7 = 0.982 . tg 19 ˚
= 0.981579 . 0.3443276133
= 0.338 m
V2 = V6 = 0.981579 . tg 19 ˚
= 0.981579 . 0.3443276133 . 2
= 0.676 m
V3 = V5 = 0.981579 . tg 19 ˚
= 0.981579 . 0.3443276133 . 3
= 1.014 m
V4 = 0.981579 . tg 19 ˚
= 0.981579 . 0.3443276133 . 4
= 1.352 m

Batang diagonal ( D ) =
D1 = D6 = ( 0.9816 ² + 0.338 ² )½
= ( 0.963 + 0.114 )½
= ( 1.078 )½
= 1.038 m
D2 = D5 = ( 0.9816 ² + 1.038 ² )½
= ( 0.963 + 1.078 )½
= ( 2.041 )½
= 1.429 m
D3 = D4 = ( 0.9816 ² + 1.014 ² )½
= ( 0.963 + 1.028 )½
= ( 1.992 )½
= 1.411 m

PERHITUNGAN DIMENSI GORDING

Dicoba memakai gording C 20

H = 200 mm
B = 75 mm
D = 2.3 mm
Wx = 60.7 mm
Wy = 11.1 mm
Berat profil = 6.77 Kg.m¹

# Berat gording dan atap …………………. ( K1 )

gording = 6.77 Kg.m¹
onduline = 3.2 Kg.m¹ +
Q = 10.0 Kg.m²
Baut 10 % = 0.997 Kg.m² +
11.0 Kg.m² → Q total = 26 Kg.m²

Qy = Q total . Cos 19 ˚
= 26 . 0.946
= 24.5835 Kg.m¹

Mx₁ = ⅛ . Qy . L ²
= 0.125 . 24.5834829656 . 6.0 ²
= 110.626 Kg.m¹

My₁ = ⅛ . Q total . Sin α . L ²

= 0.125 . 26 . Sin 19˚ . 6.0 ²
= 0.125 . 26 . 0.326 . 36
= 38.0915 Kg.m¹

# Beban angin pada atap …………………. ( K2 )

Beban angin = 25 Kg.m²
kemiringan atap = 19 ˚

dipihak angin C1 = 0.02 . α - 0.25

= 0.02 . 19 - 0.25
= 0.4 - 0.25 = 0.1
dibelakang angin C2 = -0.3
 Dari tabel pembebanan pengaruh angin ditentukan :
beban dipihak angin W1 = C1 . A . 40
= 0.1 . 1.038 . 40
= 5.3983186 Kg.m¹
beban dibelakang angin W2 = C2 . A . 40
= -0.3 . 1.038 . 40
= -10.38138 Kg.m¹

Mx₂ = ⅛ . W1 . L ²
= 0.125 . 5.398 . 6 ²
= 24.2924 Kg.m¹

Mx₂ = ⅛ . W2 . L ²
= 0.125 . -10.3813819495 . 6 ²
= -46.716 Kg.m¹

My₂ = 0

# Beban hidup …………………. ( K3 )

untuk beban ini ditentukan P = 100 Kg terpusat di tengah batang

Mx₃ = ¼ . 100 . Cos 19˚ . 6

= 0.25 . 100 . 0.946 . 6
= 141.828 Kg.m¹

My₂ = ¼ . 100 . Sin 19˚ .( 6 / 2 )

= 0.25 . 100 . 0.3 . 3
= 24.4176 Kg.m¹

Kombinasi pembebanan ( P ditiadakan saat angin bekerja )

Kombinasi K1 + K2
Mx₁ + Mx₂ = 110.6256733451 + 24.29243376
= 134.918 Kg.m¹
Mx₁ + Mx₂ = 110.6256733451 + -46.716
= 63.909 Kg.m¹
My₁ + My₂ = 38.0914740715 + 0
= 38.091
My₁ + My₂ = 38.0914740715 + 0
= 38.091
Total Mx = 134.918 Kg.m¹
63.909 Kg.m¹ +
198.828 Kg.m¹
Total My = 38.091 Kg.m¹
38.091 Kg.m¹ +
76.183 Kg.m¹

Kombinasi K1 + K3
Mx₁ + Mx₃ = 110.6256733451 + 141.8277863
= 252.453 Kg.m¹
My₁ + My₂ = 38.0914740715 + 24.418
= 62.509 Kg.m¹

Total Mx = 252.453 Kg.m¹

Total My = 62.509 Kg.m¹

JADI, kombinasi terbesar yang menentukan adalah kombinasi K1 + K3

TEGANGAN YANG TERJADI
Mx My
σ = +
Wx Wy
252.453 . 10 ² 62.509 . 10 ²
= +
60.7 11.1
= 415.904 + 563.145
= 979.048 Kg.cm²

σ < σ Baja BJ 37
979.048 Kg.cm² < 1600 Kg.cm²
AMAN

JADI, Memakai Baja BJ 37

KONTROL LENDUTAN
e = 2.1 . 10 ⁶

4 Q . Cos α . L⁴ 1 P . Cos α . L³
Fy = x + x
384 E . Ix 48 E . Ix

4 26 . 0.946 . 600 ⁴ 1 100 . 0.946 . 600 ³

= x + x
384 2.1 . 10 ⁶ . 364 48 2.1 . 10 ⁶ . 364

12744 20423
= +
293529.6 36691.2
= 0.043 + 0.557 = 0.600

4 Q . Sin α . L⁴ 1 P . Sin α . L³
Fx = x + x
384 E . Ix 48 E . Ix

4 26 . 0.326 . 600 ⁴ 1 100 . 0.326 . 600 ³

= x + x
384 2.1 . 10 ⁶ . 43.21 48 2.1 . 10 ⁶ . 43.21

4388 7032
= +
34844.544 4355.568
= 0.126 + 1.615 = 1.740

F = ( Fx ² + Fy ² )½
= ( 1.740 ² + 0.600 ² )½
= ( 3.029 + 0.360 )½
= ( 3.389 )½
= 1.841

F izin = 1 1
x L = x 600 = 2.4
250 250

JADI, F < F izin

1.841 < 2.4
OKEY
PERHITUNGAN PEMBEBANAN

> Data - data Konstruksi :

Berat gording = 6.77 Kg.m¹
Kemiringan atap ( α ) = 19 ˚
Bentang Kuda - kuda ( B ) = 18.65 m
Jarak antar kolom = 6.0 m
Penutup atap = onduline : 3.2 Kg.cm²
Penggantung Plafond = 18 Kg.cm²
Tinggi kolom ( h ) = 7.25 m
Jarak gording = A 1.038
= = 0.17 m
L 6.0

> Pembebanan

beban gording
= 4 . 6.77 . 6.0 = 162.480 Kg.cm²

beban atap dan plafond

= 21 . 1.038 . 6 = 132.051 Kg.cm²

beban kuda - kuda

= 21 . 1.038 . 6 = 128.625 Kg.cm²

sambungan dan perlengkapan

= 30 % 128.625 = 38.588 Kg.cm²

beban hidup = 100.000 Kg.cm² +

P = 561.74 Kg.cm²

muatan tak terduga 10 % = P x 10 %

= 561.7440975 x 10 %
= 56.174

P total = 56.174 + 561.744

= 617.919

RA = RB = P1 + P2 + P3 + P4 + P5 + P6 + P7 + P8 + P9
= 308.9592536 + 617.92 + 617.92 + 617.92 + 617.92 + 617.92 + 617.92 +
2
617.92 + 308.9592536027

4943.348
=
2

= 2471.674 Kg
> Perhitungan pembebanan angin
Beban angin = 40 Kg.m²
kemiringan atap = 19 ˚

dipihak angin C1 = 0.02 . α - 0.4

= 0.02 . 19 - 0.4
= 0.4 - 0.4 = 0.0
dibelakang angin C2 = -0.4

Dari tabel pembebanan pengaruh angin ditentukan :

beban tekan angin W1 = C1 . 40
= 0.0 . 40
= -0.8 Kg.m¹
beban hisap angin W2 = C2 . 40
= -0.4 40
= -16 Kg.m¹

Pengaruh angin tekan ( W1 ) = -0.8 (titik buhul)

1.038
A = x 6 x -0.8 = -2.491532 Kg
2

D = 1.038 x 6 x -0.8 = -4.983063 Kg

E = 1.038 x 6 x -0.8 = -4.983063 Kg

G = 1.038 x 6 x -0.8 = -4.983063 Kg

1.038
I = x 6 x -0.8 = -2.491532 Kg
2

Pengaruh angin hisap ( W2 ) = -16 (titik buhul)

1.038
I = x 6 x -16 = -49.83063 Kg
2

K = 1.038 x 6 x -16 = -99.66127 Kg

M = 1.038 x 6 x -16 = -99.66127 Kg

O = 1.038 x 6 x -16 = -99.66127 Kg

1.038
B = x 6 x -16 = -49.83063 Kg
2
 MUATAN TETAP PER BATANG
BATANG SKALA BESAR GAYA BATANG ( Kg )
NAMA PANJANG ( cm ) GAYA ( Kg) TARIK ( + ) TEKAN ( - )
A1 13.815 1000 0 13815
A2 9.330 1000 0 9330
A3 6.220 1000 0 6220
A4 3.110 1000 0 3110
A5 3.110 1000 0 3110
A6 6.220 1000 0 6220
A7 9.330 1000 0 9330
A8 13.815 1000 0 13815
B1 18.8534 1000 18853.4 0
B2 18.8534 1000 18853.4 0
B3 16.160 1000 16160 0
B4 13.467 1000 13466.7 0
B5 13.467 1000 13466.7 0
B6 16.160 1000 16160 0
B7 18.8534 1000 18853.4 0
B8 18.8534 1000 18853.4 0
V1 0 1000 0 0
V2 1.555 1000 0 1555
V3 3.110 1000 0 3110
V4 9.330 1000 0 9330
V5 3.110 1000 0 3110
V6 1.555 1000 0 1555
V7 0 1000 0 0
D1 3.110 1000 0 3110
D2 4.114 1000 0 4114.1
D3 5.387 1000 0 5386.7
D4 5.387 1000 0 5386.7
D5 4.114 1000 0 4114.1
D6 3.110 1000 0 3110

REAKSI GAYA SIMPUL A & B

PANJANG GAYA ANGIN GAYA ANGIN KOMBINASI
REAKSI TARIK TEKAN TARIK TEKAN TARIK TEKAN
(+) (-) 1 : 1000 1 : 1000 (+) (-)

RA 7.082 4.687 7082.2 4686.6 2395.6 0

RB 7.084 1.768 7083.6 1767.7 5315.9 0

RAV 3.5411 3.585 3541.1 3584.8 0 43.7

RAH 6.196 3.067 6195.8 3066.7 3129.1 0

 ANGIN KIRI TEKAN
BATANG SKALA BESAR GAYA BATANG ( Kg )
NAMA PANJANG ( cm ) GAYA ( Kg) TARIK ( + ) TEKAN ( - )
A1 5.743 1000 0 5742.9
A2 3.096 1000 0 3095.6
A3 3.094 1000 0 3094.2
A4 3.093 1000 0 3092.8
A5 3.535 1000 0 3535.4
A6 3.535 1000 0 3535.4
A7 3.535 1000 0 3535.4
A8 3.535 1000 0 3535.4
B1 7.652 1000 7651.9 0
B2 7.652 1000 7651.9 0
B3 6.128 1000 6128.4 0
B4 4.595 1000 4595.1 0
B5 3.062 1000 3061.8 0
B6 3.062 1000 3061.8 0
B7 3.062 1000 3061.8 0
B8 3.062 1000 3061.8 0
V1 0 1000 0 0
V2 0.880 1000 0 879.6
V3 1.765 1000 0 1764.9
V4 2.650 1000 0 2650.1
V5 0 1000 0 0
V6 0 1000 0 0
V7 0 1000 0 0
D1 1.759 1000 0 1759.2
D2 3.057 1000 0 3057
D3 3.062 1000 0 3061.8
D4 0 1000 0 0
D5 0 1000 0 0
D6 0 1000 0 0
 ANGIN KANAN HISAP
BATANG SKALA BESAR GAYA BATANG ( Kg )
NAMA PANJANG ( cm ) GAYA ( Kg) TARIK ( + ) TEKAN ( - )
A1 7.082 1000 7082.2 0
A2 7.082 1000 7082.2 0
A3 7.082 1000 7082.2 0
A4 7.082 1000 7082.2 0
A5 6.1969 1000 6196.9 0
A6 11.503 1000 11502.8 0
A7 9.732 1000 9732.3 0
A8 11.511 1000 11511.3 0
B1 0 1000 0 0
B2 0 1000 0 0
B3 0 1000 0 0
B4 0 1000 0 0
B5 3.069 1000 0 3069.1
B6 6.128 1000 0 6128.4
B7 9.205 1000 0 9204.9
B8 9.205 1000 0 9204.9
V1 0 1000 0 0
V2 0 1000 0 0
V3 0 1000 0 0
V4 5.364 1000 5364.3 0
V5 3.541 1000 3541.1 0
V6 1.766 1000 1766.3 0
V7 0 1000 0 0
D1 0 1000 0 0
D2 0 1000 0 0
D3 0 1000 0 0
D4 6.133 1000 6133.3 0
D5 6.124 1000 6123.5 0
D6 3.552 1000 3552.4 0
 GAYA RANGKA BATANG AKIBAT ANGIN ( KOMBINASI )
ANGIN TEKAN ( Kg ) ANGIN HISAP ( Kg ) KOMBINASI ( Kg )
BATANG TARIK TEKAN TARIK TEKAN TARIK TEKAN
(+) (-) (+) (-) (+) (-)
A1 0 5742.9 7082.2 0 1339.3 0
A2 0 3095.6 7082.2 0 3986.6 0
A3 0 3094.2 7082.2 0 3988 0
A4 0 3092.8 7082.2 0 3989.4 0
A5 0 3535.4 6196.9 0 2661.5 0
A6 0 3535.4 11502.8 0 7967.4 0
A7 0 3535.4 9732.3 0 6196.9 0
A8 0 3535.4 11511.3 0 7975.9 0
B1 7651.9 0 0 0 7651.9 0
B2 7651.9 0 0 0 7651.9 0
B3 6128.4 0 0 0 6128.4 0
B4 4595.1 0 0 0 4595.1 0
B5 3061.8 0 0 3069.1 -7.3 0
B6 3061.8 0 0 6128.4 0 3066.6
B7 3061.8 0 0 9204.9 0 6143.1
B8 3061.8 0 0 9204.9 0 6143.1
V1 0 0 0 0 0 0
V2 0 879.6 0 0 0 879.6
V3 0 1764.9 0 0 0 1764.9
V4 0 2650.1 5364.3 0 2714.2 0
V5 0 0 3541.1 0 3541.1 0
V6 0 0 1766.3 0 1766.3 0
V7 0 0 0 0 0 0
D1 0 1759.2 0 0 0 1759.2
D2 0 3057 0 0 0 3057
D3 0 3061.8 0 0 3061.8
D4 0 0 6133.3 0 6133.3 0
D5 0 0 6123.5 0 6123.5 0
D6 0 0 3552.4 0 3552.4 0
 GAYA RANGKA BATANG ( KOMBINASI )
AKIBAT BEBAN TETAP DAN BEBAN ANGIN

BEBAN TETAP ( Kg ) BEBAN ANGIN ( Kg ) KOMBINASI ( Kg )

BATANG TARIK TEKAN TARIK TEKAN TARIK TEKAN
(+) (-) (+) (-) (+) (-)
A1 0 13815 1339.3 0 0 12475.7
A2 0 9330 3986.6 0 0 5343.4
A3 0 6220 3988 0 0 2232
A4 0 3110 3989.4 0 0 -879.4
A5 0 3110 2661.5 0 0 448.5
A6 0 6220 7967.4 0 0 -1747.4
A7 0 9330 6196.9 0 0 3133.1
A8 0 13815 7975.9 0 0 5839.1
B1 18853.4 0 7651.9 0 26505.3 0
B2 18853.4 0 7651.9 0 26505.3 0
B3 16160 0 6128.4 0 22288.4 0
B4 13466.7 0 4595.1 0 18061.8 0
B5 13466.7 0 -7.3 0 13459.4 0
B6 16160 0 0 3066.6 13093.4 0
B7 18853.4 0 0 6143.1 12710.3 0
B8 18853.4 0 0 6143.1 12710.3 0
V1 0 0 0 0 0 0
V2 0 1555 0 879.6 0 2434.6
V3 0 3110 0 1764.9 0 4874.9
V4 0 9330 2714.2 0 0 6615.8
V5 0 3110 3541.1 0 431.1 0
V6 0 1555 1766.3 0 211.3 0
V7 0 0 0 0 0 0
D1 0 3110 0 1759.2 0 4869.2
D2 0 4114.1 0 3057 0 7171.1
D3 0 5386.7 0 3061.8 0 8448.5
D4 0 5386.7 6133.3 0 746.6 0
D5 0 4114.1 6123.5 0 2009.4 0
D6 0 3110 3552.4 0 442.4 0
PERHITUNGAN PROFIL KUDA - KUDA

Batang atas A

Nama batang = A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8

Gaya batang Max ( P ) = 12475.7 Kg
Panjang batang = 1.038 m → 103.8 cm

Dicoba menggunakan profil 100 . 100 . 10 Baut = 14 mm

Ix = 177.0 cm⁴
F = 19.2 cm²
ix = 3.04 cm
s = 28.2 mm → 2.82 cm

e total = 2.82 + 0.5 = 3.32 cm

iy = 2 ( Ix + F (e)² )
= 2 ( 177.0 + 19.2 ( 3.32 )² )
= 777.2602 cm²
iy = ( 777.26 / 2 . F ) ½
= ( 777.26 / 2 . 19.2 ) ½
= ( 20.2412 ) ½
= 4.499 cm

maka ix = 3.04 cm adalah i minimum ( i min )

e = 2.1 . 10 ⁶

LK 103.8
λ= = = 34.149
i min 3.04

π² . e 3.14 ² . 2.1 . 10 ⁶ 20705160

v kt = = = = 17754.785 Kg.cm²
x² 34.149 ² 1166.174

v kt 17754.785
σ kt = = = 6296.023 Kg.cm²
s 2.82

Tegangan yang timbul ( σ )

P 12475.7
σ= = = 324.888 Kg.cm²
2F 2 . 19.2

σ
< σ kt
324.888 Kg.cm² < 6296.023 Kg.cm²
OOOOKKKKKEEEEYYY

Profil 100 . 100 . 10 bisa dipakai.

Batang bawah B

Nama batang = B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8

Gaya batang Max ( P ) = 26505.3 Kg
Panjang batang = 0.98 m → 98 cm
Tegangan izin = 1600 Kg.cm²

Dicoba menggunakan profil 90 . 90 . 9 Baut = 14 mm

Ix = 116.0 cm⁴
F = 15.5 cm² → 2F = 31
ix = 2.74 cm
s = 25.4 mm → 2.54 cm

F efk = 31 - 2 ( 1.5 . 0.6 )

= 29.2 cm²

LK 98.2
λ= = = 35.824
i min 2.74

P 26505.3
σ= = = 907.716 Kg.cm²
F efk 29.2

σ< Ŧ
907.716 Kg.cm² < 1600 Kg.cm²
OOOOKKKKKEEEEYYY

Profil 90 . 90 . 9 bisa dipakai.

Batang diagonal D

BATANG TARIK
Nama batang = D4, D5, D6
Gaya batang Max ( P ) = 746.6 Kg
Panjang batang Max = 1.411 m → 141.1 cm
Tegangan izin = 1600 Kg.cm²

Dicoba menggunakan profil 80 . 80 . 10 Baut = `14 mm

Ix = 87.5 cm⁴
F = 15.1 cm² → 2F = 30.2 cm²
ix = 2.41 cm
s = 23.4 mm → 2.34 cm

LK 141.1
λ= = = 58.558
i min 2.41

λg = π ( e / 0.7 Te ) ½
= 3.14 ( 2.1 . 10 ⁶ / 0.7 . 2400 )
= 111.016

λ 58.558
λs= = = 0.527472 ≥ 1
λg 111.016
untuk λ ≥ 1 maka w = 2.381 . λs
= 2.381 . 0.527472 = 1.255911

F efk = 30.2 - 2 ( 1.5 . 1.5 )

= 25.7 cm²
F efk . б 25.7 . 1600
σ= = = 32741.179 Kg
w 1.256

σ> P
32741.179 Kg > 747 Kg
OOOOKKKKKEEEEYYY

Profil 80 . 80 . 10 bisa dipakai.

BATANG TEKAN
Nama batang = D1, D2, D3
Gaya batang Max ( P ) = 8448.5 Kg
Panjang batang Max = 1.411 m → 141.1 cm
Tegangan izin = 1600 Kg.cm²

Dicoba menggunakan profil 90 . 90 . 9 Baut = 14 mm

Ix = 116.0 cm⁴
F = 15.5 cm² → 2F = 31 cm²
ix = 2.74 cm
s = 25.4 mm → 2.54 cm

LK 141.1
λ= = = 51.505
i min 2.74

F efk = 31 - 2 ( 1.5 . 1.5 )

= 26.5 cm²

P 8448.5
σ= = = 272.532
F efk 31

σ< Ŧ
272.532 Kg.cm² < 1600 Kg.cm²
OOOOKKKKKEEEEYYY

Profil 90 . 90 . 9 bisa dipakai.

Batang vertikal V

BATANG TARIK
Nama batang = V5, V6
Gaya batang Max ( P ) = 431.1 Kg
Panjang batang Max = 1.014 m → 101.4 cm
Tegangan izin = 1600 Kg.cm²

Dicoba menggunakan profil 80 . 80 . 12 Baut = 20 mm

Ix = 102.0 cm⁴
F = 17.9 cm² → 2F = 35.8 cm²
ix = 2.39 cm
s = 24.1 mm → 2.41 cm

LK 101.4
λ= = = 42.425
i min 2.39

F efk = 35.8 - 2 ( 1.5 . 1.5 )

= 31.3 cm²

P 431.1
σ= = = 13.773
F efk 31.3

σ< Ŧ
13.773 Kg.cm² < 1600 Kg.cm²
OOOOKKKKKEEEEYYY

Profil 80 . 80 . 12 bisa dipakai.

BATANG TEKAN
Nama batang = V2, V3, V4
Gaya batang Max ( P ) = 6615.8 Kg
Panjang batang Max = 1.352 m → 135.2 cm
Tegangan izin = 1600 Kg.cm²

Dicoba menggunakan profil 80 . 80 . 12 Baut = 14 mm

Ix = 102.0 cm⁴
F = 17.9 cm² → 2F = 35.8 cm²
ix = 2.39 cm
s = 24.1 mm → 2.41 cm

LK 135.2
λ= = = 56.566
i min 2.39

λg = π ( e / 0.7 Te ) ½
= 3.14 ( 2.1 . 10 ⁶ / 0.7 . 2400 )
= 111.016

λ 56.566
λs= = = 0.5095356 ≥ 1
λg 111.016

untuk λ ≥ 1 maka w = 2.381 . λs

= 2.381 . 0.5095356 = 1.213204

F efk = 35.8 - 2 ( 1.5 . 1.5 )

= 31.3 cm²
F efk . б 31.3 . 1600
σ= = = 41279.117 Kg
w 1.213

σ> P
41279.117 Kg > 6616 Kg
OOOOKKKKKEEEEYYY

Profil 80 . 80 . 12 bisa dipakai.

PERHITUNGAN BAUT PADA TIAP TITIK BUHUL

Profil seluruh kuda-kuda 100 . 100 . 10

tebal plat = 10 mm
diameter baut = 14 mm
diameter lubang = 14 + 1 = 15 mm
tegangan geser izin б = 1600 Kg.cm²

Ng = 0.25 . π . d ² . б
= 0.25 . 3.14 . 1.5 ² . 1600
= 2826 Kg

Ntp = d . t . бt . б Ng > Ntp

= 1.5 . 1.0 . 0.9 . 1600 2826 > 2160
= 2160 OOOOKKKKKEEEEYYY

JUMLAH BAUT TITIK BUHUL A = B

Batang A1
gaya A1 12475.7
n = = = 4.414614 → 5 bh
Ng 2826
Batang B1
gaya B1 26505.3
n = = = 9.379 → 7 bh
Ng 2826

JUMLAH BAUT TITIK BUHUL D = O

Batang A1 dan A2
gaya A1 - gaya A2 12475.7 - 5343.4
n = = = 2.524 → 3 bh
Ng 2826
Batang D1
gaya D1 4869.2
n = = = 1.723 → 2 bh
Ng 2826
Batang V1
gaya V1 0
n = = = 0 → 2 bh
Ng 2826

JUMLAH BAUT TITIK BUHUL E = M

Batang A2 dan A3
gaya A2 - gaya A3 5343.4 - 2232
n = = = 1.101 → 2 bh
Ng 2826

Batang V2
gaya V2 2434.6
n = = = 0.862 → 2 bh
Ng 2826
JUMLAH BAUT TITIK BUHUL E = K

Batang A3 dan A4
gaya A3 - gaya A4 2232 - -879.4
n = = = 1.101 → 3 bh
Ng 2826
Batang D3
gaya D3 8448.5
n = = = 2.990 → 3 bh
Ng 2826
Batang V3
gaya V3 4874.9
n = = = 1.725 → 2 bh
Ng 2826

Batang D2
gaya D2 7171.1
n = = = 2.538 → 3 bh
Ng 2826

JUMLAH BAUT TITIK BUHUL I

Batang A4
gaya A4 -879.4
n = = = -0.311 → 2 bh
Ng 2826
Batang A5
gaya A5 448.5
n = = = 0.159 → 2 bh
Ng 2826
Batang V4
gaya V4 6615.8
n = = = 2.341 → 3 bh
Ng 2826

JUMLAH BAUT TITIK BUHUL C = P

Batang B1 dan B2
gaya B1 - gaya B2 26505.3 - 26505.3
n = = = 0.000 → 2 bh
Ng 2826
Batang V1
gaya V1 0
n = = = 0.000 → 2 bh
Ng 2826

JUMLAH BAUT TITIK BUHUL F = N

Batang B2 dan B3
gaya B2 - gaya B3 26505.3 - 22288.4
n = = = 1.492 → 2 bh
Ng 2826
Batang D1
gaya D1 4869.2
n = = = 1.723 → 2 bh
Ng 2826
Batang V2
gaya V2 2434.6
n = = = 0.862 → 2 bh
Ng 2826

Batang D2
gaya D2 7171.1
n = = = 2.538 → 3 bh
Ng 2826
JUMLAH BAUT TITIK BUHUL H = L

Batang B3 dan B4
gaya B3 - gaya B4 22288.4 - 18061.8
n = = = 1.496 → 2 bh
0 2826

Batang V3
gaya V3 4874.9
n = = = 1.725 → 2 bh
Ng 2826

JUMLAH BAUT TITIK BUHUL J

Batang B4
gaya B4 18061.8
n = = = 6.391 → 7 bh
Ng 2826
Batang B5
gaya B5 13459.4
n = = = 4.763 → 5 bh
Ng 2826
Batang V4
gaya V4 6615.8
n = = = 2.341 → 3 bh
Ng 2826
Batang D3
gaya D3 8448.5
n = = = 2.990 → 3 bh
Ng 2826
Batang D4
gaya D4 746.6
n = = = 0.264 → 3 bh
Ng 2826

MENENTUKAN KOPEL
jumlah pelat koppel = 8 bh
tebal pelat ( + ) = 8 mm
gaya max = 5839.1 Kg
lebar pelat = 18 cm

gaya batang yang dipikul pelat koppel ( D ) :

D = 0.015 . P
= 0.015 . 5839.1 = 87.587 Kg
 Ng = 0.25 . π . d ² . б
= 0.25 . 3.14 . 2 ² . 1600
= 5024 Kg

Ntp = d . t . бt . б
= 1.8 . 0.8 . 2 . 1600
= 4608

Ng > Ntp maka, Ntp lah yang menentukan

D 87.587
n = = = 0.019 → 2 bh
Ntp 4608

PERHITUNGAN KOLOM

> Data - data Konstruksi :

Berat gording = 6.77
Kemiringan atap ( α ) = 30 ˚
Bentang Kuda - kuda ( B ) = 18.65 m
Jarak bagin Kuda - kuda = 0.982 m
Jarak antar kolom = 6.0 m
Penutup atap = Onduline 3.2 Kg.cm²
Penggantung Plafond = 18 Kg.cm²
Tinggi kolom ( h ) = 7.25 m
Jarak gording = A 1.038
= = 0.173 m
L 6

> Pembebanan

beban gording
= 4 . 6.77 . 6 = 162.480 Kg.cm²

beban atap dan plafond

= 21 . 1.038 . 6 = 132.051 Kg.cm²

beban kuda - kuda

= 21 . 1.038 . 6 = 128.625 Kg.cm²

sambungan dan perlengkapan

= 30 % 128.625 = 38.588 Kg.cm²

beban hidup = 100.000 Kg.cm² +

P = 561.74 Kg.cm²
 Perhitungan reaksi kolom : P
P P P
P P
P P

RA RA
. 18.65
∑MA = 0
- RB . 19 + P . 17.7 + P . 17 + P . 15.7 + P . 15 +

P . ### + P . 13 + P . 11.8 + = 0

- RB . 19 + P ( 19 + 17.7 + 17 + 15.7 + 15 + ### + 13 + ### )=0

- RB . 19 + P ( 121.72 )

P . 121.72 121.72
RB = = P = 6.53 P
18.65 18.65

RA = RB = 6.526316 . P
= 6.526316 . 561.74
= 3666.119

Pendimensian kolom
tinggi kolom ( h ) = 7.25 m → 725 mm
б kolom Bj 37 = 1600 Kg.cm²
N = 3666.119

Dicoba menggunakan profil WF 350 . 250

t1 = 9 mm
t2 = 14 mm
A = 101.5 cm²
ix = 14.6 cm²
iy = 6 cm²
Wx = 1280 cm³
Wy = 292 cm³

arah tegak lurus sumbu x

k = 1
L ky k L 1 . 725
λx = = = = 49.6575
ix ix 14.6

λg = π ( e / 0.7 Te ) ½
= 3.14 ( 2.1 . 10 ⁶ / 0.7 . 2400 )
= 111.016

λx 49.658
λs= = = 0.447
λg 111.016
untuk 0.183 < λs < 1 maka

1.41 1.41
Wx = = = 1.231
1.593 - λs 1.593 - 0.447
`
π² E A 3.14 ² . 2.1 . 10 ⁶ 101.5 2E+09
nx = = = = 232.470
N . λ x² 3666.119 . 49.658 ² 9E+06

nx 232.470
= = 1.004 → 1
nx - 1 232.470 -1

Bx = 0.6 + 0.4 . Mx1/Mx2

= 0.6 + 0.4 . 0
= 0.6

Mx = 0.125 . N . L
= 0.125 . 3666.119 . 725
= 332242.068168464

arah tegak lurus sumbu x

k = 1
L ky k L 1 . 725
λy = = = = 120.833
iy iy 6

λg = π ( e / 0.7 Te ) ½
= 3.14 ( 2.1 . 10 ⁶ / 0.7 . 2400 )
= 111.016

λy 120.833
λs= = = 1.088
λg 111.016

untuk 0.183 < λs < 1 maka

1.41 1.41
Wy = = = 2.794
1.593 - λs 1.593 - 1.088
`
π² E A 3.14 ² . 2.1 . 10 ⁶ 101.5 2E+09
ny = = = = 39.261
N . λ x² 3666.119 . 120.833 ² 5E+07

ny 39.261
= = 1.026 → 1
ny - 1 39.261 -1

Cek persamaan interaksi

a) N ny Mx
Wx + Bx x < б
A ny - 1 Wx
3666.119 332242.0682
1.231 + 0.6 x 1 < 1600 Kg.cm²
101.5 1280

200.190 Kg.cm² < 1600 Kg.cm²

 b) N
Wx < б
A
3666.119
2.794 < 1600 Kg.cm²
101.5

100.935 Kg.cm² < 1600 Kg.cm²

c) N Mx
+ < б
A Wx
3666.119 332242.068168464
+ < 1600 Kg.cm²
101.5 1280

295.684 Kg.cm² < 1600 Kg.cm²

Profil WF 350 . 250 bisa dipakai.

Pelat dasar kolom pada pondasi

1 kip = 4.536 . 10 ² Kg
1 m² = 6.452 cm²

Beban aksial ( P ) = 3666.119 = 808.227

P'C = 3 ksi

Fp = 0.35 . P'C
= 0.35 . 3
= 1.05 kgi

A perlu = P / FP
= 808.227 / 1.05
= 769.740

Profil yang digunakan adalah WF 350 . 250

A = 101.5 cm²
d = 34 cm
b = 25 cm

menentukan lebar ( B ) dan panjang ( N ) pelat dimana harus memenuhi syarat :

B x N ≥ 5590.486 cm²
 untuk pemilihan B dan N sedemikian hingga perbedaan ( selisih ) diantara keduanya mendekati :

0.92 d - 0.80 b
0.92 . 34 - 0.8 . 25 = 11.28 cm

dicoba berbagai gaya B dan N sebagai berikut :

B x N ≥ 5590.486 cm²

B N Was selisih
75 76 5700 1
75 78 5694 3
71 80 5680 9
70 83 5740 13

gunakan B = 70 dan N = 83
tekanan aktual adalah
P 3666.119
Fp = = = 0.631 Kg.cm²
B . N 70 . 83

hitung M dan N

N - 0.95 d 83 - 0.95 . 34
M = = = 25.35 cm
2 2

N - 0.80 d 70 - 0.80 . 25
N = = = 25 cm
2 2

hitung tebal pelat ( tp )

tp = N ( FP / 0.25 Fy ) ½
= 25 ( 0.631 / 0.25 . 2400 )½
= 0.811 → 1 cm

jadi, pelat landasan yang dipakai adalah 70 . 1 . 83

Menentukan jumlah baut

pada kolom digunakan profil WF . 350 . 250 . 9 . 14

diameter baut = 2 ( 14 + 9 / 2 ) = 23 mm

diameter lubang = 23 + 1 = 24 mm
e1 = 2 d
= 2 . 24 = 48
s = 3 d
= 3 . 24 = 72

Ng = 0.25 . π . d ² . б
= 0.25 . 3.14 . 2.4 ² . 1600
= 7234.56 Kg
Ntp = d . t . б
= 2.4 . 0.9 . 1600
= 3456

Ng > Ntp maka, Ntp lah yang menentukan

P 3666.119
n = = = 1.061 → 2 bh
Ntp 3456

Cek kekuatan baut :

untuk mengetahui kuat atau tidaknya baut menahan suatu beban harus memenuhi syarat berikut :
б ≤ 0.8 x 1600 Kg.cm²

P
2 . 1/4 . π . d² . 3

3666.119
2 . 0.25 . 3.14 2.4 ² . 3

135.134 Kg.cm² ≤ 0.8 x 1600 Kg.cm²

135.134 Kg.cm² ≤ 1280 Kg.cm²

OOOOKKKKKEEEEYYY