Chapter II

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

The review of related literature and studies of an Online ticketing for E - Umak

theater online ticketing is a processed information that will be based as follows: It will

consist of three elements; input, process and the output. These three elements will be

discussed in detail, which will aid the reader on the outcome of the study. This

framework will serve as a guide, information on how to use the equipment which is

recommended in the conduct of the study. Furthermore, each of the elements which will

be described will contain the necessary ingredients, procedures and processes. A step

by step and detailed procedure will be discussed further in the report on why or the

reason that we already have to pursue this system.

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

E-Ticketing - electronic ticket (commonly abbreviated as e-ticket) is the ticket

equivalent of a paper ticket. The term is most commonly associated with airline issued

tickets. Electronic ticketing for urban or rail public transport is usually referred to

as travel card or transit pass. It is also used in ticketing in the entertainment industry.

e-Ticketing An electronic ticket (e-Ticketing) substitutes the paper-based movie ticket

by an electronic ticket image that is stored in the cinema ’s database. e-Ticketing, the

new way of issuing and delivering tickets is becoming prevalent and is employed by

many companies in and effort to reduce the cost that goes to printing tickets. Previously,

before e-Ticketing is used in cinema industry, it is widely used by airline industry in

which e-Ticketing involve the digitalization of tickets and allows airline companies to

eliminate the use of paper tickets.

E-ticketing reservation system for cinema hall System basically made for

providing the customer anytime and anywhere service booking the seat in cinema hall

and to gather information about the movies online.

According to safaribooksonline; that the Ticketing is?

Is an organization that need anything like any of ours, there ’s always a lot of stuff

to do. Vendors need to get paid. Customers need to get invoiced. Staff need to do work

for customers. Sales inquiries need to be answered. Bugs in hard- or software need to

be fixed, and everyone needs to know that they have been fixed. Somebody needs to

take out the garbage. And at the end of the day, you ’ve got to know who wanted what,

who did it, when it got done, and most importantly what remains undone.

That’s where a ticketing system comes in.

According to Georges-Alexandre Hanin a Blogger that the E-tickets are more and

more used. Indeed, e-tickets allow consumers to gain a certain amount of time before

events such as cinema and concerts or before travelling by plane, train or bus. E-

Tickets are different from traditional tickets. They provide a wide range of advantages

that traditional don't offer. An E-ticket can be directly printed at home for

example. Consumers do not need any more to wait days or weeks before receiving the

tickets in their mailboxes. Every ticket is unique, personal and controlled before

attending the event or traveling with a specific company.

 According to Tim Crosby An e-ticket offers many advantages for both travelers

and airlines, including security, flexibility, cost and convenience. At the same time, it also

provides the standard assurances of the traditional paper ticket, such as seating choice,

travel time options and other flexibilities.

Unlike the traveler who leaves his ticket at the office, e-tickets are impossible to

"lose" because they reside in a computer database network. For this reason, they are

hard to steal, as well. Passengers typically print out copies of their e-ticket, including

confirmation e-mails, itineraries and other documents. All those documents can be

replaced by pulling them out of the computer again, and only a person with the proper

identification can actually use the e-ticket. With the old paper tickets, passengers who

lost or forgot them might be charged a fee for the airline to make new ones. In some

cases, passengers were required to buy new tickets at full-price. E-tickets offer a

distinct advantage in this area.

According to Dinil D, Chochin university of science and technology The user can

be easily able to know about the movies released and then make their choice by simply

book the movie tickets by selecting a seats his/her choice.

According to TECHNOXIS Online Movie Ticket Booking System is a website to

provide the customers facility to book tickets for a movie online and to gather

information about the movies and theaters. Customer needs to register at the site to

book tickets to the movie. After selecting the show, the user is presented a seating

layout so that he can select seats of his choice. Thereafter he is redirected to the
payment gateway for making a transaction. User can update his profile, take a print out

of the ticket and also view his booking history.

The Three Usability’ s Testing of Online Movie Ticket Reservation in the

Philippines according to Mary Margaret F. Guzman

Testing proper The subjects were asked to perform two tasks: create an account

and reserve cinema tickets online. In order to create an account, the required

information included an email address, a password, first and last names, a mobile

number and account verification. For the account verification, the users will be required

to check their emails to complete the transaction. On the other hand, the steps in the

online reservation of cinema tickets were the following: log in to an (already registered)

account, selection of movie, branch and schedule, seat quantity then the mode of

payment

Efficiency The responsiveness of the website to the users is measured by the

time and number of clicks the given tasks required and user feedback was collected.

Effectiveness The capability of the website in producing the desired outcome as

the users conduct any transaction such as registration and reservation. Different areas

of effectiveness were rated by the users including Interface, Layout, Learnability,

Features, and Readability

 These are the things needed to develop a study of an online ticketing reservation

system. In order to achieve the objectives, a thorough knowledge of the system,

software and hardware requirements are required. Accurate software is required to run

the program and in depth study of the hardware (physical) should also be evaluated for

the complete completion of the project.

The following software is required: Adobe Photoshop, Vb.net and My SQL.

Adobe Photoshop will be used for editing of pictures. Adobe flash will be used in any

moving graphics required for the system. PHP and my SQL will be the main applications

of the project.

To achieve the study, a minimum of 80 Gb is enough and/or above of hard disk

space, 1 Gb RAM or better, and Windows XP Operating system must be used.

For the design, the group will utilize Each step will assist in the scheduling and

development of the project. A series of flash animation and encoding will be initiated

before applying the program to its primary location, followed by the development of the

database.

Online reservation has been widely used by the biggest establishments from

different industries locally and internationally. It has been very useful for the customers

and for the business firms by increasing profits and additional clients and convenience

for both sides.

Online reservations are steadily growing, especially in e-commerce. Much

business people are now influenced by online services such as reserving hotels,

booking a flight online, paying online, buying things in the internet, and online ordering.
Most of the customers discover that it is more accurate and convenient to refer to the

internet when planning a trip. Business companies ’ influence their clients by what they

put on their own restaurant, travel or hotel website.

These factors affect both the business and customers mostly in a positive way.

Because of the development of online reservation; inputting and processing of data

errors decreased, the number of clients is enhanced as well as the profits and the

simplicity of effort exerted from both sides of the business.

A study on Interisland Travel and Tours Inc.

The Analysis and Further Improvement of the Ticketing and Payment System for

the Interisland Travel and Tours Inc. (March 2009) prepared by John Dela Rosa,

Margareth Domingo, Chris Lee, Alvin Sarto.

They enhanced the aesthetics of the company ’s current website and

implemented a better ticketing and payment system that will benefit both the company

and its clientele.

The System has a design of a new layout for the ticketing reservation form. They

implemented a faster and more reliable payment system via third party method. It has

additional information that will be useful during the travel.

The project includes the website design improvement of Interisland Travel and

Tours, and the study focuses on the enhancement of its current database, reservation

and payment system.

 The software design includes of a new third party payment system that will allow

the company greater flexibility.

This online ticketing and reservation system brings more customers to the company and

helps improve its corporate bottom-line

CONCEPTUAL MODEL OF THE STUDY

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

Knowledge -Design Model -Online reservation

Requirements -System design life system for catering
cycle (SDLC) services.

-Data ticketing
reservation Development

Software -PHP encoding,

Requirements Revision, Adding
flash to program
-Adobe Photoshop
-PHP -Creating database
-My SQL through SQL
-HTML
-Internet Implementation

Hardware -Maintenance

Requirements

-PC / Laptop
-OS: Windows/XP
-Memory: at least 1
GB free or better
-Hard disk: 80 GB or
better
Knowledge Requirements

. The knowledge requirement includes the knowledge of the researchers in order to

establish or develop the proposed project. The researcher must have ideas or

background about reservation, s The researcher must also be knowledgeable in terms

of designing the graphical user interface for the enhancement of front end design. The

researcher must also have critical and analytical thinking to determine how the system

should work and how changes in conditions, operations, and the environment will affect

outcomes. The researcher must use logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and

weaknesses of alternative solutions, conclusions or approaches to problems as well as

identifying measures or indicators of system performance and the actions needed to

improve or correct performance, relative to the goals of the system.

Software Requirements

The Software requirements are the programs that needed to be used for

developing the system.

Hardware Requirements

The Hardware requirements will serve as the technical requirement of the

proposed project. The specification of the laptop must have a computer processor dual

core or higher, hard disk drive with 500GB or more and RAM with 2GB or more.

Knowledge Requirements
 These are the skills/knowledge needed to develop the Online ticketing for umak

theater hall which is the following:

Database

Database knowledge gives more edge to the system in terms of data handling.

Designing

The developers/researcher must need a designing skills to acquire appeasing

good user-interface and to provide better user experience.

HTML

HTML knowledge is required to create the application since it tackles about

HTML.

Software Requirements

These are the Computer programs that they would be using in developing the

Android-based application which is the following:

Adobe Photoshop

Adobe Photoshop is the predominant photo editing and manipulation software.

Its uses range from full featured editing of large batches of photos to creating intricate

digital paintings and drawings that mimic those done by hand. Photoshop is used by

photographers, graphic designers, video game artists, advertising and meme designers.

Microsoft Office

Microsoft Office is a suite of products developed by Microsoft Corporation that

includes Microsoft Word, Excel, Access, Publisher, Powerpoint and Outlook. Each

program serves a different purpose and is compatible with other programs included in
the package. The suit of programs is compatible with both the Windows and Macintosh

operating system. Microsoft Office is the most common form of software used in

western world.

Hardware Requirements

It includes the technical requirements of the unit where Android Learning

Application of HTML would be deploying along with the hardware specifications where

mobile application was developed.

 HARDWARE

The parts of a computer that you can see and you can handle; the exterior components of the
computer.

Work station Respect to graphics, processing power and

the ability to carry out several tasks at the
same time in the cinema e-ticketing system
Central Processing Unit (CPU) stores and processes data of the Cinema E-
Ticketing.

Keyboards used to type users names, addresses, ID

number,password and other details into the
computer
Mouse to select items on a monitor, or to load up
programs they need to use.
Magnetic Stripe Reader to read the
information coded in magnetic stripes, e.g.
credit or debit cards.
Hard Disk Drive use removable hard drives for storing
confidential information on customers or
customers paying information.
PC /Tablet PC allow it be operated by an individual for
accessing GSC official webpage for online
booking
Smartphone Allow users to access GSC webpage and
for e-payment

 PEOPLE
 Customer/Users
The customers can buy ticket online and cancel the seats at a suitable time (2 days before
the show to 1hour before the show. To enhance the refund function, all the customers
have to register and become a member before purchasing tickets. Customers who
cancelled their tickets will not be given money back, instead the amount of money will be
recorded in the customer account for further use. To make the system more user-friendly,
the customer need not enter lots of data. And a step by step guideline should be given to
the customer to complete the buy process.

 Staff
One of the main purposes of the system is to reduce the number of staff in the ticket box.
Most of the jobs are done by the system automatically. Staff’s job is to only needs to
insert new film data and deal with statistical information. So,before the staff performs any
operation, he/she must login to the system first. Staff can use the system to insert, modify
and delete data (e.g. add new movie, change movie description, modify time table) which
will update the system web pages (web pages are dynamic pages, changing according to
the data in the database). Also, staff can check the statistics information of booking from
the system.

 General Public
The system web pages can be viewed by all people to check the films details.

Process

The process block is composed of Data gathering wherein, the researchers

compile all the input that the system would be needed. Design the different

maintenance such as user log-in, mobile tests, and create a prototype as designed to
be able to develop the said system. In addition, to be better improved the study, the

researchers need to document the result and test the prototype to evaluate the system

in terms of its functionality, reliability and content.

Output

The output is the developed Android Learning Application of HTML for Kids that

would help the kids learn the html codes and enhance their creativity.

OPERATIONAL DEFINITION OF TERMS

For better understanding of the study, hereunder are the important terms uses

with their operational and conceptual definitions:

The Development of E-Umak theater ticketing System is a website that simply

allow the customer to watch a movie in an convenient way Android Learning

HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) is the set of markup symbols or codes

inserted in a file intended for display on a World Wide Web browser page.

Apps or Application is a program designed to perform a specific function

directly for the user. It uses the services of the computer ’s operating system and other

supporting applications.

Administrator is a person who is responsible for the upkeep, configuration, and

reliable operation of computer systems; especially multi-user computers, such as

servers.

Data is a collection of objects units that are from one another.

 Database is a collection of information that is organized so that it can easily be

accessed, managed, and updated. In one view, databases can be classified according

to types of content: bibliographic, full-text, numeric, and images.

LCD (Liquid Crystal Display)

Liquid Crystal Display is a flat panel display, electronic visual display, or video

display that uses the light modulating properties of liquid. Liquid crystals do not emit

light directly. LCDs are available to display arbitrary images or fixed images which can

be displayed or hidden, such as preset words, digits, and 7-segment displays as in

a digital clock.

Maintainability is the ease with which something can be maintained.

MS Access Microsoft Access is used to create simple, complex database

solutions. It can be used both by novices and professional developers. However

Microsoft Access may be used only as the ‘front-end ’ using another product for

the ‘back-end’ tables, such as Microsoft SQL Server and non-Microsoft products such

as Oracle and Sybase.

Record A record is a collection of data items arranged for processing by

a program. Multiple records are contained in a file or data set. Typically, records can be

of fixed-length or be of variable length with the length information contained within the

record.

Staff a group of people who work for an organization, often for a special

purpose, or who work for a manager within an organization.

Students A person who is studying at a school or college

 MySQL is an open source relational database management system (RDBMS)

based on Structured Query Language (SQL). ... LAMP is a Web development platform

that uses Linux as the operating system, Apache as the Web server, MySQLas the

relational database management system and PHP as the object-oriented scripting

language.