Gi THIS PRINT IS NOT CONTROLLED Reliance Engineering Associates Private Limited aA. PIPING DESIGN GUIDE P-EP-PL-038-0A Plant Design — Heat Exchangers 0 | 25707700 Issued as standard LC - [= SSB Rev | Date Revision [* ‘Appr oe] HAINETPUB\Geni Ghosh Specifications New Work procedurcalPLOSEPLOSBOA dor Page lof idContents Reliance Engineering Associates Private Limited 1 Purpose... 4.Types of Exchangers... 5.Plot Location and Elevation... ‘HEINE TPUB Gen GhoshiSpecifcanonsWew Work procedures PLOSBPLOSBOA das page FoFTT &@ __ Reliance Engineering Associates Private Limited List of Figures Figure 1 Shell and Tube Fabrication Tolerances Figure 2 Shell and Tube Fabrication Tolerances Figure 2A Adjustments to Standard Exchangers Figure 3 Spiral Exchangers Figure 4 Plate Exchangers Figure 5 Shell and Tube Exchangers Figure 6 Conventional Platform Design for Air Coolers Figure 7 Standard Air Cooler Piping Arrangements Figure 8 Inserts for Air Coolers Figure 9 Lateral Stress on Air Cooler Nozzles Figure 10 Plugged Header Box Figure 11 Air Cooler Supports Figure 12 Air Cooler Platforming Altematives Figure 13 Standard Piping Arrangement for Shell and Tube Exchangers Figure 14 Arrangement of Exchanger Batteries Figure 15 Support for Double Pipes Figure 16 Shell and Tubes at Grade Figure 17 Shell and Tubes on Elevated Platform Figure 18 Support Design for Piping at Shell and Tubes ‘TEUNETPUR Gen) Ghosh Speciications New Work procedures LOSSPLOWBA Goo page TOPEa Reliance Engineering Associates Private Limited Figure 19 Support Design for Piping at Shell and Tubes Figure 20 Possible Nozzle Arrangement for Shell and Tubes Figure 21 Elbow Nozzles Figure 22 Maintenance Clearance for Shell and Tubes Figure 23 Crane Access Figure 24 Tube Pulling Requirement Figure 25 Vertical Reboilers Figure 26 Condensate Pot Effect on Tower Figure 27 Alternative to Vertical Condensate Pot Figure 28 Condensate Pot Piping Arrangement Figure 29 Spring Supports for Air Cooler Piping Figure 30 Slotted Holes for Shell and Tubes Supports Figure 31 Change in Flow to Improve Pipe Routing Figure 32 ‘Change in Nozzles to Improve Pipe Routing Figure 33 Odd or Even Pass Air Coolers Figure 34 Exchanger Placement Figure 35 Exchanger Placement Figure 36 Space Framing Figure 37 Aluminium Core Exchanger Figure 38 Core Exchanger Insulation ‘HRINETPUB\ Geni host Specitcatons New Work procedures LOSSELOSBOA G0S page TT Poe tor la@ _ Reliance Engineering Associates Private Limited 1. Purpose To provide the layout designer with guidelines for the development of piping design ‘schemes for non-fired heat transfer equipment (exchangers). 2. Introduction The piping design philosophies discussed in this guide are applicable to non-fired heat transfer equipment.This document is intended as an aid to the designer with the Boal of producing an intrinsically safe,operable,economical,maintainable and aesthetic piping design.in no way are the principals set forth herein intended to supersede good sense in the development of exchanger piping design and while they should be given due consideration logic should still be determinate. 3. Terms ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers, a professional. association which has published standards for the design of pressurised boiler systems and their components. CELL A grouping of tubes connected to common inlet and outlet manifold boxes.Cells are usually associated with air coolers. OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration,a federal agency setting statutory standards and monitoring of safety in the work place. SERIES —_A method of interconnection of exchangers in which the flow stream ‘must pass through each exchanger in sequence. Exchangers operating in series are treated as one system component and usually can not be isolated without shutdown of the system.(Figure 13). 4. Types of Exchangers The term “heat exchanger” can be used to describe almost any mechanical device that conducts heat from one object to another.When applied to the power,chemical/petrochemical refining and processing cnvironment,however,the term refers to temperature control devices that operate by transferring heat from one flowing medium to another.While numerous variations of exchangers are available,generally they can be broken down into two major categories,shell and tube and air coolers. While often referred to by their design and construction characteristics,exchangers are most frequently identified by their process function.The following is a listing of Process names often assigned exchangers relative to their function: 41 Exchanger ‘TEINETPUBIGen\ Ghosh Specifications New Work procedures PLOSEWLOSBOA Soo page SoFTFa 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 5 5.1 Reliance Engineering Associates Private Limited ‘Heats one stream while cooling another.(Very efficient in that there is no waste heat loss). Cooler Cools liquids or gases without condensation. Subcooler Condenses vapour and further cools the condensate using water as a cooling medium. Chiller Uses refrigerants to cool a stream below the standard temperature of available cooling water streams. Heater Heats process stream(generally to its boiling point) with no appreciable vaporisation(often uses steam as heating medium). Reboiler Reboils(vaporises) the bottom stream of a fractionating tower prior to its retum to the tower.Often employs thermosiphon phenomenon rather than any mechanical flow enhancement, Waste Heat Boiler Uses waste heat(.c. gas-turbine exhaust) as a heating medium. Steam Generator Uses process liquids or gases to produce steam(usually from boiler feed water). Vaporiser \Vaporises part of a process stream(also called and evaporator). Exchanger Construction Shell and Tube Exchanger ‘HEINETPUBIGen Ghosh Specifications New Work proceduresPLOSBPLOSG0A doc page Gof TT Om@ __ Reliance Engineering Associates Private Limited Shell and tube exchanger are elongated steel cylindrical vessels containing bundles of parallel tubes.Liquid passes through the inside of the shell over the exterior side of the shell over the tubes,with another liquid passing through the interior of the fubes,causing the necessary interchange of heat between the two liquids. Multiple asses on the shell side can be achieved by installing baffles parallel to the tubes. Both the tube side and the shell side of the exchangers have inlet and outlet nozzles Positioned to provide the required flow through the exchanger. he unit is supported at the shell by attached saddles for horizontal installations and by lugs for vertical arrangements. 5.2. Plate Exchanger Plate exchangers are generally used in low pressure,low temperature applications.and are made up of end covers,camying bars,inlet and outlet nozzles,plates and gaskets. The exchanger plates have spacing between them for liquid flow.A gasket ,set info channels on the periphery of each plate,directs and contains the liquid flow distribution Ports for inlet and outlet of both hot and cold liquids are stamped into the comers of éach plate Support is provided by the fixed end cover and carrying bar. 5.3. Spiral Heat Exchanger Spiral heat exchangers are generally used in chemical plants and are of circular construction, consisting of an assembly of two long strips of plate wrapped to form a pair of concentric spiral passages. Alternate edges of the passages are closed, so that liquid flows through continuous channels.The inlet and outlet nozzles are integral to the plate housing and covers.The unit is supported by legs attached to the plate housing for horizontal installations and by lugs for vertical installations. 5.4 Double Pipe Exchangers The double pipe.or fin-tube,exchanger is used when one liquid has a greater resistance to heat flow than another or when the surface area is small.in such ccases,the addition of fins to the inner pipe evens out the resistance to heat flow of the two liquids.It consists of a pipe within a pipe; both pipes have a return bend at one ‘end.The inner pipe is fitted with fins;the outer pipe acts as the shell. The shell nozzles are mounted vertically from the outer pipe, and the tube nozzles are directly welded to the inner pipe ends.The units are generally supported horizontally by brackets attached to a foundation orto the side of other equipment supports. 5.5 Air cooler Exchangers page ToFTe &6.1 6.2 63 64 65 66 67 Reliance Engineering Associates Private Limited of the header box..For the double-pas arrangement,the outlet nozzles are located at the same end as the inlet nozzles.For additional surface area, more passes can be added or additional units can be installed and located side by side. Air is circulated by multiblade propeller-type fans that provide forced or induced drafts, Plot Location and Elevation With exchanger piping,as with most piping systems,the less piping required,the better the design-The designer should investigate strategies such as stacking and banking exchangers in like service to minimise the piping required(Figurel3 and 1). In setting locations for exchangers,attention should be paid to the placement of associated equipment(Figures34 and 35).Locations should be chosen with a view toward reducing the amount of piping required to connect the system.The overall system flow should be reviewed to determine the optimal placement for exchangers. Batteries of exchangers should be placed with a view toward providing access walkways up to and into the pipe rack or other areas of clear egress.Such walleways provide maintenance and operational access and also serve as unobstructed escape routes from the area in case of emergency(Figure 14). If process requirements,shell and tube exchangers can be also be mounted in a Vertical position,supported by lugs and tower nozzles in a tower-supported installation within concrete or steel structure.and by concrete piers.The same considerations for maintenance,control,and operator access should be given for vertical installations as are for horizontal installations. Spiral and plate exchangers can operate in series or parallel,but,because of their configuration and maintenance requirements,it is preferable to position them as single items.Space is provided at both arrangements for control and operator access,with enough room allowed at the spiral exchanger to swing the cover plates open and at the plate exchanger to remove the individual plates. ‘The elevation of exchangers is frequently set by the requirements of the process they are trying to maintain. The designer should be aware,however,of the opportunities for reducing piping runs that lowering or raising some exchanger may resent(Figure21,26and 28). The elevation of exchangers operating on steam is often set by the resident time of the downstream condensate pot.Theis being the time the condensate must remain in the pot prior to being returned to the condensate header and is critical to maintaining upstream and downstream pressure and temperature If process conditions allow. The ‘use of horizontal pot rather than a vertical one can significantly lower the elevational requirements of the exchanger(Figure27).With vertical reboilers the condensate pot is commonly at grade and once again back pressure is critical to maintaining ‘HEINETPUB Gen\Ghoah Speciticatons\New Work procedures\PLOSSPLOSB0A doe page SOFIEa 68 69 6.10 7 12 13 Rellance Engineering Associates Private Limited temperature in the reboiler.Ther pot elevation in this case is often set by the pump or downsream condensate system requirements Every effort should be made to keep the elevation of this pot as low as possible. The higher the pot has be.As the tower goes up 80 do all costs associated with it(additional skirt steel,additional piping,stronger foundation).,(Figure 26). Double pipe exchangers are usually stacked in large banks and operated in series because of their relatively low heat transfer rates.Occassionally,when only one double pipe is required, it should be kept in mind that there are options on mounting the exchanger that can result in significant cost savings.The standard method of support for such items is an independent mounting on piers for other required equipment(such as drumsjor even nearby structural columns by side bolting(Figure15)Such mounting eliminates the need for the costly foundation. Air coolers elevations (whether at grade or elevated on racks or structures)are generally set by their air drawing capabilities. A certain amount of clear space must be maintained to ensure the performance of the coolert is often nocessary,therefore,to provide maintenance platform for access to the motors and header boxes(Figures 6 and 11).Note that this platforming,because of its relative elevation when air coolers are rack mounted,makes an excellent place for locating equipment relief valves. ‘When piping tower overhead lines to elevated air coolers,it should be kept in mind that because this piping is usually routed well above any other piping and equipment,it is preferable to take the most direct route that stress requirements will allow(see section on towers). Nozzle Location ‘The designer should be aware of the allowable variations to shell and tube exchanger nozzle locations(Figure 2A),since a rearrangement of nozzles can in some cases reduce the required piping for a system(Figures20 and 32),While such relocation is something that must be discussed with and approved by the engineer charged with specifying the exchanger,if significant cost savings can be attained by such Fearrangement,t can be well worth the designer's effort to pursue. As with relocation of nozzles,a change in the flow direction of an exchanger can at times result in an improved design(Figure31).As with nozzle relocationany changes in the flow direction must be discussed with and approved by engineering prior to implementation in the design. In addition relocating the nozzles on an exchanger,the types of nozzle used can also be changed if a better,more economic piping system will result(Figure21). This can also be very helpful when stacking shell and tube exchangers of differing services. ‘HRINETFUB Gen\Ghosh Specifications New Work procedures PLOSEPLOSG0A doc page DoT 14@ _ Reliance Engineering Associates Private Limited 74 18 16 17 81 82 With air coolers the locations of nozzles are based on the number of tube bundle cells manifolded together and the number of passes the tubes make between the inlet and outlet manifold boxes.An even number of passes place the inlet and outlet nozzles on the same side of the cooler,while an odd number of passes results in the nozzles being on opposite sides. This can be particularly important when the coolers are rack mounted,if the upstream and downstream equipment are on the same side of the rack and even pass arrangement is preferable,while if they are on opposite sides of the rack an odd number of passes could reduce piping runs(Figure 33). The piping arrangements called for at air coolers can also greatly affect their Placement and elevation.In cases where true symmetrical (cascaded)piping is Tequired to stabilise two phase flowthe required elevations of supports for the piping can become prohibitive.In such cases the use of header box inserts may reduce the need for symmetry to the point that a rake style arrangement may be used(Figure? and 8).The heat transfer engineer should be consulted about such possibilities. Piping at shell and tube exchanger is positioned to allow adequate space for removal of channel heads and shell covers. The free space at the side of horizontal shells can be used for placements of controls.Piping is clevated a minimum distance from grade or platform to provide operator headroom clearances,to offer ease of ‘Support,and to meet designated pipe rack elevations. Piping at spiral and plate exchangers is also positioned to allow the opening of ‘covers and the removal of plates.Controls at the spiral exchanger are located on the ends of the unit,clear of the cover plate swing area,and at the front and on one side for the plateexchanger.Piping is elevated in a fashion similar to the shell and tube arrangements Piping attached to the cover plate nozzles of the spiral units is furnished with break flanges.Piping at air coolers is not tuted over tube banks or fans and should be kept clear on the designated space for motor maintenance. Support Location. Shell and tube coolers,at grade,operating off of the same underground cooling water supply line should be aligned by the channel head nozzle(Figure16).The offset of the supports should have little cost effect at gradeExchangers in upper levels of structures however,should be aligned by supports to minimise the requirement for structural steel(Figure17). As a standard shell and tube exchangers come with saddle supports. When ordered for a stacked application,the lower exchanger is generally ordered with opposed top and bottome saddles to support the upper exchanger. However,there are occassions when it is desirable to set the upper exchanger a a greater height than normally achievable with saddles(i.e. exchangers in different services that are stacked to save plot space or expansion of an existing unit requiring the placement of a new HAINETFUB Geni Ghosh SpecificationsNew Work procedures\PLOSBPLOSEOA doc page 10of 4a 83 84 85 8.6 87 88 89 8.10 Reliance Engineering Associates Private Limited exchanger on an existing one).In these cases the use of space frames can produce the desired results(Figure 36). Changes to the support locations on shell and tube exchangers are fairly simple matter so long as the center of gravity is within the support points and the new location doe not obstruct any other objects in close proximity.Clearance s for Piping,insulation,maintenance equipment and instrumentation should always be checked when such changes are being considered(Figures 18, 19 and 22). In setting vertical reboilers,a number of options for method of | ‘support are possible (Figure 25).The best choice for any given application will depend on the process requirements as well as the availability of space,type and weight of the equipment being used.The maintenance requirements for these reboilers should also be reviewed in decideng how best to support them,in that bundle pulling for a vertical exchanger can require some unconventional clearances(Figures21 and22). Often pipe supports at shell and tube exchangers can be incorporated with the exchangers support foundations or can be set upon the same foundation. This can save the expense of separate support foundations(Figures 18 and 19).Anchors set on such supports allow the pipe to grow with the exchanger instead of against it. Air coolers can be ordered with two different types of supporting structures, with or without legs provided(Figurel1).The latter of these two options can heop reduce costs and increase flexibility of exchanger's supports especially when the coolers are set above a pipe rack Coolers provided with legs can reduce costs for grade mounted air coolers and can also be mounted with air controlling louvers or walls to protect against freezing or reduce motor noise levels.The types of supporting structures of these coolers can affect the piping runs serving them. Platform access at air cooler header boxes is often required.Such platforming should provide enough access to allow the blinding of cells or the plugging of damaged tubes without interfering with the support and routing of manifold piping(Figures!0 and 11). Maintenance and Operational Access. Exchangers should be piped with a view toward maximizing access to the tube bundle and other maintainable components(Figures 3,4,5,24 and 38).Break out flanges in the head piping,however,are often an unnecessary added expense.Most modem tube bundle pulling equipment can operate with a minimum of space allowance (Figure 2).Check the client's requirements for such flanging prior to adding them to the design. Even at exchangers with fixed tube bundles(where bundle pulling is not a concem) sufficient room should be allowed at the heads to allow rodding out of tube. Usually an area equal to the length of the tubes will do. ‘HEVNETPUB Gen Ghosh Specifications New Work procedures PLOSHPLOSE0A doc page TTF 14a 8.1L 8.12 8.13 8.14 8.15 8.16 8.17 Reliance Engineering Associates Private Limited Clearances for maintenance,such as knuckle clearance at flanges should be provided in all cases.Often 300mm from bottom of pipe to grade is an adequate elevation for piping,however if a drain is provided in the line,a minimum of 100 mm below the plug should be provided for the removal of that plug. Knuckle clearance should also bbe provided around spectacle blinds(where provided)(Figure22). As stated earlier,access ways should be provided for the maintenance of all exchangers requiring maintenance. These access ways should provide a minimum of 700mm of unobstructed walkways with a minimum 2,2mm headroom. The designer should review the arrangement of exchangers and the placement of access ways as. an overall scheme instead of in terms of individual components. Each access can be used to service more than one set of exchangers, optimising the space allocated to their placement(Figures3,4,5 and14). With core exchangers or other exchangers that have no removable serviceable ‘components a method of removing the entire exchanger must be provided(Figures3,4 and37).Items such as the type of insulating method used for the core exchanger should be (and the area required for its bread-down)(Figure38)must be accounted for in such schemes. It is recommended that the top of stacked exchangers not exceed 3.7m(dim. AFigure22)without the addition of permanent platforming to maintain the upper exchanger.Some clients allow as much as 4.3m,however any higher would above the Teach from most portable equipment used to maintain the exchangers. While seldom allowed the stacking of three exchangers should never exceed 5.5m to the center of the top exchanger (dim.B,Figure22). With all exchangers requiring the movement of large heavy components for maintenance, road and heavy equipment access must be a consideration. Clear unobstructed lift and laydown areas,and carry out routes must be designated and kept clear off equipment, platforming and structures.A single crane lift area can service several pieces of equipment if properly located(Figure23). As well as platforming for header box maintenance,most air coolers(espicially those ‘mounted on racks require platforming for motoraccess (Figure6).If the cooler is at grade and motors are within the reach of and are accessible by mobile equipment,the platforms might be eliminated.Often,though,the platforming can not be avoided and ‘ust therefore be a consideration in all installations. Motor access platforming is often designed to reduce the amount of steel and grating required for construction .In cases where large platforms are needed to service several bays of coolers though,it may be as economical to use a solid pattem for platforming since reducing the detail required for construction (manhours required for construction)may outweigh the saving in material (Figures 6 and12). ‘HRINETPUBIGeni Ghosh Specifications New Work proveduresiPLOSELOSHOA doc page TToF 410 10.1 10.2 10.3 104 10.5 Reliance Engineering Associates Private Limited Tolerances A problem often results in misfits in construction, but too seldom recognised or addressed by the piping designer at the time of design,is the mismatches of allowable tolerances between the components that make up and exchanger piping system. The concrete that supports the exchanger is poured and anchor bolts sct to Ye"olerance. The tolerance for the construction of components vary (Figure 1 and 2)for shell and tube, but can be much as ¥4"and those for piping are 1/16"for each flanged component.These variables can combine to and piping/exchanget configuration could be designed to meet the allowable tolerance and still not fit up properly when installed(Figures! and 2).Fitting bound interconnecting piping between exchangers should be avoided because of this.A plausible means of correcting any tolerance related misfits should be considered in the piping design. Pipe Stress ‘Anchors play a large role in determining the piping configuration for exchangers. It should be considered that in many cases the location of anchors can be adjusted to accommodate a better piping design. This is applicable to both pipe anchors and exchanger support anchors. With shell and tubes ,anchors are generally placed to allow the piping to grow parallel to the growth of the exchanger.This minimises the stress loads on the nozzles(Figure 19). As with the piping attached to them,the anchor points of the exchanger themselves can often be manipulated to provided the best design. Slots can be cut into the exchanger support bolt holes to allow movement in a desired direction(Figure30).If friction forces created by the weight of the exchanger are excessive slide plated should be introduced to allow greater ease of movement. While the allowable loads at nozzles for exchangers other than air coolers are usually generous.lt must be considered that the fluid services handled by this equipment is often hot and can generate enormous stress loads.When exchangers in like service are banked it should be kept in mind that tight fitting to fitting configurations for the piping may generate unacceptable loads.Changes to the piping configuration or the addition of springs to piping supports can also aid in vertical thermal load reduction when exchanger locations require lengthy vertical piping runs(Figure29). Air cooler anchors should be placed as close to the exchanger as possible to minimize the growth in toward the nozzles.Anchors on distribution headers are centered to equalize,as much as possible,the lateral growth parallel to the manifold boxes.a 106 Reliance Engineering Associates Private Limited Air coolers are notorious for the low limits of allowable stress at the points of Piping connection.The header boxes for these exchangers are usually made of gage stecl and configured in a fashion that affords little if any structural strength. When these conditions are applied to even moderately hot services the result is often stress loads at the nozzles that far exceed acceptable. Lengthening the piping riser between the piping header and the manifold box can reduce the Ineralforces(Figure 9) andthe addition of spring supports can reduce the load forces the vertical(Figure 29). ‘HAINETPUB Geni GhoshiSpecifications\New Work procedures\PLOSSPLOSS0A doo page Td of 14cr co REAL Qu HEAT EXCHANGER FABRICATION TOLERANCES. EXTERNAL DIMENSIONS, NOZZLE AND SUPPORT LOCATIONS. Eigndarg toterances for process flow nozzles and suppor locations and projections are shown in wre 5. TES TE oe aes CONNECTION NOZZLE ALIGNMENT ANO SUPPORT ‘TOLERANCES Figure 1 sans, PagetREAL Cu HEAT EXCHANGER FABRICATION TOLERANCES RECOMMENDED FABRICATION TOLERANCES, Fabrication tolerances normally required to mainizin process Row nozzle and in Figure © . These tolerances may be adjusted as necessary to meet the i uPpoR locations are she f shown in Figure (3/46" MAX) ALLOWABLE \ TRUE. ereciNe ceNTeRLIN ROTATIONAL TOLERANCE ON NOZZLE FACES AT BOUT CIRCLE Figure 2.REAL PowsHe., 2ORAPaSSREAL Qu ese See ike . \ OPERATING VALVE LOCATIONS 7 f-I- u 1\7/4| u Le — Co 5 t Lover sou stion VAs CLEAR t ROE USELASERNATE OF SWING ISOLATION VALVES ‘SPIRAL EXCHANGER : PLATE EXCHANGERS " Figure 3. | 415. PLATE WIDTH Figure 4- PERATING VALVE (SUGGESTED ° LOCATIONS) GaDt 12 MIN. (ALL BODY FLG.s) 30" ee 6-)| es ~ soy) == us Cre J a} x i = t 3 ue ied EF wens sun ( oaviteo) TUBE LENGTH + 101A. P+ TUB LENGTH 101A. 7 ud © Figure: IS a ‘SHELL AND TUBE EXCHANGERS CSEc REAL AREA, CAN BE USED FOR fo RELIEF VA.s 10 FLARE HEADER LEVEL CONVENT TONAL PLATFORM DESIGN FOR AIR COOLERS — Figueé “ASYHNETRICAL CRAKE) . CASCADE, ~UTRUE SYMMETRICAL) SYMMERTICAL STANDARD AIR Ook ER PIPING ARRANGEME! (oe . Figuey INSERTS — a HEADER 7 THE USE OF INSERTS BOXES . IN THE Two PHASE FLOW CAN REOUCE THE NEED FOR SYMMETRICAL AND STRAIGHT RUN PIPE INSERTS FOR AIR COOLERS ‘ean doesongso. ros cg rr satan, ' t ‘ t A ‘Sleront (seat tons , 4 reat ). A ATERAL STRESS ON ~ . L! PLUGGED HEADER BOX AIR COOLER NOZZLES Figure g, Figure 10 STE mee ACCESS WAY ACCESS wa ; PLATFORNING BY_VENDOR By ENC. CONT. | i TWIN ATERRARE, OF AIR COOLER SUPPORTS Figure 115 FECu FOR LONG AIR — _ J O[C[OIO|S OlO|OlO|olo CONVENTIONAL APPROACH TO FAN MOTOR MAINT. PLATFORM “TO ALTERATE APPEAL BRBUIDES ~~ LirTlB"ESTA TERRE tat Pte SINCE DETAIL IS REDUCED). AIR COOLER PLATFORMING ALTERNATIVES Figure 12, Tan doe rage TolREAL STACKED DIRECTLY CONNECTED IN SIERES SIMPLE SERIES DIRECT HORIZONTALY CONNECTED IN STERES STANDARD PIPING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SHELL AND TUBE EXCHANGERS ‘SHELL ANO TUBES ARRANGEMENT OF EXCHANGER BATTERIES STANDARD PRACTICE PORPtroB GF ESBHANGER ACCESSWAY Fieure 18 RACK [OOU8LE PIPES te regESt ANO TUSES el Cc (Bi 1p Liexenn ACCESSWAY SHELL AND TUBES ACCESSWaY Figure 14. ALTERNATE METHOD OF ‘staUCTURE |] SUPPORT Cou. wand. dorREAL "SHELL & TUBES AT URADE WITH SAME U/G COOLING. WATER SUPPLY INLET NOZZLES Lom SHELL & TUBE ON ELEVATED PLATR. ‘TLEVATED PLATE, = Lm INLET NOZZLE +. “SuPt. Fila. 16 T Fie-t?® ‘SUPPORT DESIGN FOR PIPING ‘SUPPORT DESIGN FOR PIPING AT SHELL & TUBE AT SHELL & TUBE i ) 9G. SUPPORT (MATCH RACK ELEV. IF POSSIBLE) DL. eer cont, gore ‘VALVES- 4 CONTA OPER. VAs PIPING MAY BE ANCHORED AT ‘Soe or Tig PONT IE exehe ARC (CONC, SUPT. UKEWISE ANCHORED. Fg. 19> & POSSIBLE NOZZLE ARRANGEMENTS . FOR SHELL & TUBES re uw Figure 20. ELBOW NOZZLES Figure SPEC. BLIND cf i2-Min. L 7 (300 mm) TAO vom) MAINTENANCE CLEARANCES 2 FOR SHELL & TUBES ‘22 Figure: TFC = aeTaTTKEEP BUNDLE REMOVAL AREA ‘FREE OF OBSTRUCTIONS (le, PLATFORMS, PIPE, VALVES, ETC.) ENSURE THAT PULL AREAIS WITHIN EFFECTIVE CRANE REACH y YY VERTICAL REBOILER /RIZONT [ENSURE HORIZONTAL CLEARAN , AND LAYDOWN AREA BELOW TABI STYLE EXCHANGER _— TUBE PULLING REQUIREMENTS . : Figure 2 FED ae aaa epOw Cw LOWER EXCHANGER ELEVATION OU ‘TOHORIZONTAL CONDENSATE POT COND, POT EFFECT ON : TOWER Figure 26. venvical. COND. POT Figure 27 ‘wantdoe PagetorT*re a 10 conocasate coxtctiow geste tt 3 f 3 CONDENSATE POT PIPING ARRANGEMENT _ Figue28.- OK e VONO OyO QO , 1 HES tae A ; We, a SHBG REBT AGS RTT suport wit spainc , ~ ) SPRING SUPPORTS FOR AIR COOLERS — Figure29.- Le _ DESIRED MOVEMENT Th - SLOTTED BOLT HES. SLOTTED HOLES FOR SHELL AND TUBES Figure 30. ASFEC wan. doc want doe Pare Tort 4REAL CF} re SFR th CHANGE F| IF PROCESS PERMITS) . LOW TO IMPROVE ROUTING Figure 31, 2) 1 YL a C TT cE serene oa e ERE cBbarss CHANGE NOZZLES TO IMPROVE ROUTING Figure 32 ? u 000 PASSES ODD OR EVEN PASS . AIRCOOLERS Figure 33EXCHANGER PLACEMENT Figure 34 Figure 3s EXCHANGER PLACEMENT Tato antdee ‘TISPECeand docOw Ow me Gu STACKED ExCHANGENS WITH STACKED EXOUNGERS WITH ; : ‘SPACE FRAME SUPPORT | coR SBE SOE Looks SPACE FRAMING Figure 36. ALUMINUM CORE EXCHANGER Figure 37. ‘CaM Documents\sand doc Tan doe Page ToftREAL a, L | ton suet A twonvibuntl? figs aren covo 80x ——_. . . CORE EXCHANGER INSULATION _ Figure 38 o Piping design guide-Heat exchanger piping