Explain infection control.

The methods used to reduce and eliminate the transmission of infectious diseases and organisms.

(ie. Cleaning, disinfecting etc.)

Describe federal and state regulatory agencies.

OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration)

Created as part of the US Department of Labor to regulate and enforce safety and health

standards to protect employees in the workplace

MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet) Contains information compiled by the manufacturer about

product

safety Names of hazardous ingredients Safe handling and use procedures Precautions to

reduce risk of harm Flammability warnings Disposal guidelines Medical and first aid

information. Fines can be assessed by both OSHA and state boards if MSDSs are not

readily available during regular business hours

EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) Registers all types of disinfectants sold in the US

Disinfectants- chemical products that destroy bacteria, fungi, and viruses (but not spores)

on surfaces

Hospital disinfectants- effective for cleaning blood body fluids; may be used on any

nonporous surface (cannot absorb liquids); these control the spread of disease (an abnormal

condition of all or part of the body that makes the body incapable of carrying on normal

functions)

Tuberculocidal disinfectants- kill bacteria that causes tuberculosis (disease transmitted

through coughing or sneezing); check state and local rules for usage instructions

Recognize the principles of infection.

Infectious disease- caused by pathogenic (harmful) organisms that enter the body; may or may

not be spread from one person to another

dirt, debris, and many disease-causing germs from tools, implements, and equipment

Disinfection- destroys most but not all harmful organisms on environmental surfaces

Salons must use the following types of disinfectants:

Bactericidal- capable of destroying bacteria

Virucidal- capable of destroying viruses

Fungicidal- capable of destroying fungi

Identify different types of pathogens.

BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS -Bloodborne pathogens- carried in the body by blood or body

fluids; use great care that you do not cut or damage a client’s skin during any type of service

Hepatitis-bloodborne virus causes disease that can damage the liver; three types Hepatitis A, B,

and C; B is the most difficult to kill on a surface

HIV/AIDES- bloodborne disease that breaks down the body’s immune system; spread from

person-to-person through blood or other body fluids (NOT through kissing, handholding, sharing food or

using household items like phones)

FUNGI -Fungi- microscopic plant parasites that include mold, mildew, and yeasts; can produce

infectious diseases like ringworm

Tinea barbae (barber’s itch)- fungal infection of the skin, primarily limited to bearded

areas or the neck and scalp; occurs almost exclusively in adolescent and adult males

Tinea capitis (think red polka-dot cap on your head)- infection of the scalp with red spots

at the opening of the follicles

Tinea pedis (pedi- means foot)- ringworm fungus of the foot

PARASITES -Parasites- organisms that grow, feed, and shelter on or in another organism (called

the host) while contributing nothing to the survival of that organism

Pediculosis capitis [think cap on head with losis (lice)]- head lice
 Scabies (think scab you got from scratching your skin)- skin disease caused by an itch

mite that burrows under the skin

Employ the principles of prevention.

Decontamination- removal of blood or other potentially infectious materials on an item’s surface

and the removal of visible debris

Method 1: clean and then disinfect with an appropriate EPA-registered disinfectant

Step 1: For hands: use soap and water to clean your hands (the friction from

rubbing them together removes many more pathogens from your skin) For tools:

wash them with soap and warm water, scrubbing with a clean, disinfected nail

brush; use an ultrasonic unit; use a cleaning solvent

Step 2: Use EPA-approved disinfectant on nonliving surfaces (not on skin*)

*could cause an allergic reaction (extreme sensitivity to certain foods, chemicals

or other normally harmless substances)

Method 2: clean and then sterilize Sterilization- kills all microbial life, including spores

Autoclave- high-pressure steam equipment (so it can penetrate the waxcoating of the

spores and kill them)

Follow standard precautions to protect yourself and your clients.

Contact with broken skin, blood, body fluids, or other potentially infectious, materials

that is the result of the performance of an employee’s duties

STEPS TO TAKE AFTER AN EXPOSURE INCIDENT 1. Stop the service. 2. Put on

gloves to protect yourself. 3. Stop the bleeding by applying pressure to the area with a clean

gauze pad. 4. When bleeding has stopped, clean the injured area with an antiseptic wipe. 5.

Bandage the cut with an adhesive bandage. 6. Clean and disinfect your workstation. 7. Discard

all single-use contaminated objects such as wipes or cotton balls. 8. Before you remove your

gloves, be sure all multiuse tools and implements that came into contact with the blood body
fluids have been thoroughly cleaned and immersed in disinfectant. 9. Remove your gloves. Seal

them in a double bag with any other contaminated items thoroughly wash your hands and clean

under your nails before returning to service. 10. Recommend the client see a physician if there

are any signs of redness, swelling, pain...

Demonstrate safe work practices and safety precautions.

• Keep MSDS on hand

• Wear gloves and safety glasses

• Avoid skin and eye contact

• Use gloves, tongs, or draining baskets to remove implements

• Keep out of reach of children

• Carefully measure and use products according to label

• Keep floors and workstations dust free. Sweep hair after every client. Mop floors and

sweep carpets daily.

• Keep trash in covered waste receptacles.

• Clean fans, ventilation systems, and humidifiers at least once a week.

• Keep all work areas well-lit.

• Clean and disinfect restroom surfaces, including door handles.

• Keep restrooms well supplied.

• Never place food in the same refrigerator as salon products.

• Prohibit eating, smoking, and drinking in areas where services are performed or where

product mixing occurs.

• Empty waste receptacles completely every day.

• Never place tools or implements in your mouth or pockets.

• Properly clean and disinfect all multiuse tools before reusing them.
 • Store clean, disinfected tools in a clean, covered container.

• Avoid touching your face, mouth, or eyes during a service.

• Always properly wash your hands before and after each service.

• Use clean linens. Keep soiled linens separate from clean linens. Use single-use neck

strips to avoid contact with shampoo capes.

• Be sure nail clients properly wash hands before service.

• Use effective exhaust systems.

List the types of disinfectants and how they are used.

Disinfectants must have an efficacy (effectiveness with which the disinfecting solution kills

organisms when used according to the label instructions) claim on the label

AHP (accelerated hydrogen peroxide)-needs to be changed every 14 days; nontoxic on the skin

Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (quats)- very effective in salons

Phenolics- powerful; very high pH; can damage skin and eyes; can damage plastic and rubber;

known carcinogenic (cancer causing)

Bleach-used extensively in salons; too much can damage some metals and plastics; always follow

manufacturer’s directions; new solution must be mixed every 24 hours or if it becomes

contaminated
Texas laws and regulations for estheticians

(a) Cosmetologists and estheticians shall wash their hands with soap and water, or use a liquid

hand sanitizer, prior to performing any services on a client. Gloves shall be worn during any type of

extraction.

(b) Equipment, implements, tools and materials shall be properly cleaned and disinfected after

servicing each client in accordance to this rule.

providing service to each client. The chair shall be made of or covered in a material that can be

disinfected.

(d) After each client, multiple use implements such as metal tweezers and comedone extractors

shall be cleaned and disinfected.

(e) The following implements are single-use items and shall be discarded in a trash receptacle

after use: cotton pads, cotton balls, gauze, wooden applicators, disposable gloves, tissues, thread,

disposable wipes, lancets, fabric strips and other items used for a similar purpose as one or more of the

items listed above.

(f) The following items that are used during services shall be replaced with clean items for each

client: disposable and terry cloth towels, hair caps, headbands, brushes, gowns, makeup brushes, spatulas

that contact skin or products from multi-use containers, sponges and other items used for a similar

purpose as one or more of the items listed above.

(g) Items subject to possible cross contamination such as creams, cosmetics, astringents, lotions,

removers, waxes, moisturizers, masks, oils and other preparations shall be used in a manner so as not to

contaminate the remaining product. Applicators shall not be re-dipped in product. Permitted procedures

to avoid cross contamination are:

(1) Disposing of the remaining product before beginning services on each client; or

(2) Using a single-use disposable implement to apply product and disposing of such

implement after use; or

(3) Using an applicator bottle to apply the product.