“The 40 stars on Set 8 corespond to these in he txt A bling nr ‘ator ads you trough he fur seins ofeach zon Theat secon presente the mo important traces om the orga loge You wil vst ear the svidged logue at normal conversational Spee. You then hear again, pease by pase lh Engin aniston: Se pause or youto repeat ahr the nave Spanish speaks. The second eacon reviews and expands upon the voeabulay inthe da logic. Méienal exressone show how the words may be ued eter Ccrtewts Agen you are Svan ine to repeat he Spans pases inthe thd ston, youl explore the lessons mst important grat cal syuctres, After # quick reve ofthe wes, you eon practice wah Hs ‘tv pases ang sentences “Ihe exrozes nthe lat secon integrate what youve leaned and helo you genrate setences in Spanish en your own. You takepart in bit CGnwrsaton, respond te guests, Warsfrm serfeces, and occasional ‘vane om English into Spach, Aer You respond, you hex he co rect answer rom 3 rave spate. The iteracine appre on is et of recarings wil teach yout speak, derstand and thinkin Span PRONUNCIATION CHART Wie te rest Spanish pronunciation wil be presented ane racic in Lessons 1-10, you can use tie enart or a quick rence ‘voweis rich Approximate nd” ‘Sound in Englah Example aren Eato Ses bito shrshy or te) a ee) fev os moet fee0 Fon avoret wen Sanding sore ones nish Approximate ‘tnd in English Example ee ba ‘rom a ra) ene tam pos ic Senore te aie & es & oo (ean Son en sen ‘eet evisode‘The eters and w appear in Spanish frign word ike howot home: {ec In some counties, the ks spelled withthe Spansh equivalent, au {qullinetra.The w in Spanish sounds ike an Engh v:Klowat Spanish ———_Approsimave ‘Sound ‘Sound in English ample bydlimin(pisit slate Engish oe cma forse) (gern) e(tetoe come ‘lol kloan) « 6 acre) ecisn o ohare) macho 9 tore 20a ore) had 9) 8 eto gem =) ard be » aways stent ost i ars oe jefe 1 In Lan Americ: y (We) palo In Spat ion) ‘ oy (ere) core w hte ove 1 Linnie of wor sgl tl (cow) per : [st begining of wor double wil 050 a cou cor . (ote, bt ster, vines mos eb) + es (ois) ee LECCION 14 SALUDOS. Greetings. PRESENTACIONES Intvoductions DIALOGO (Dialogue) uo ctcin en Mecca, Distito Feder! (.F TA: Buenos dias er >: Buenos das. Mi nombre es Jllo Martine Valle. Soy el nuevo ‘abogado, Mucho gust, sefor Marines Valle. Brenveniel Soy Marta Moreno Visquez. Es utted de Colombia? 3 No, no s0y de Colombia, seRorita. Soy de Venezuela. Usted es ide Espana, verdad? TAS tor, pr toy ahora en Men Hay muchos epatles Y también hay muchos hispanoamericanos aqui Masta Wego! fe n Mexico Cy. TA: Good morning, i Good morning. My nae slo Martine: Vale i the new lane Ins pleasure o moet you, Me Martinez Ve Welome! fm Marta Moreno Vasquez Are You om Colombia? sm not fom Clo me erezul Yue to Sp ight? i hen sk; bt mere Mes now. There re many Sean Mexico, gar And tere are many Latin Americans hee lo. See you ite,B. PRONUNCIACION (Pronunciation) vowsis 1 (he te “an “Tabor a alta, papa, Espana 1 fe he “an “ces but at of sharply, mesa, Sir, México iy (a the Yee" infer): mi la, Bolivia ‘The wel yotenagpeirs alone as the wordy mearing ar” or at the end of ward oy "ony" ¢. GRAMATICA Y USOS (Grammar and Us: 4, USES OF THE VERB SER 1. Te vero sar“ bean he expression ser de, "oe Fam oe ht to ers nationalty pace of origin Soy venezolano. Tan Venez Soy de Venezuela Van fom Venezuela. ef sted venezolana? ‘Ne you Venezuelan? No oy de Puerto Reo, Na. an fo Puerto eo. by Serale cused to state professions and obs and to deserbe Inherent characteristics of persons. place. and tings Soy el nuevo abogado. Tam te cw yet 2, OF os I capita Menico iyi he capa. nombre es hilo My name is uk USES OF THE VERB ESTAR* ‘The vero exo so means “to ba." but thas dierent sacs. Estar ‘edt te location ofa petson, pac, o thing, estoy en Menco, Tam in Meco now ‘The forms of sr and estor wil be presented inthe next two lessons, Forno, just yf recogrize how and when they reused, nay “Te exresson hoy means here and there are" In questons. ears Ie tere... 7 er Me tre? muchos espafces en Mico? ‘fue there mary Spaniards In Meio? SIMPLE NEGATION The word si means yes." The word no means bth “ne” and “nat” To ‘answer a questonnegatiely in Spanish, ns oen used tice Fst, 4 the negntve response "na" and second, preceding the ve. a he negation of he ver “nat” For example ‘nombre no es Juan Carlos, No, my name ie ot an Cares, 10 sy de Colombia No. im not tom Colombia. [espa 18 fr ne cone cmon ale5. GENDER AND NUMBER OF NOUNS AND ADJECTIVES ‘Spansh nouns indicate bah ger (ascii) and ber (Gingulrpura). Aceves agree m gender and ruber wih he our they most A GeNoeR Nour referring t males are maseulne ours rlring to females ae feminne stor Mee genteman fetore re madam feria Mes, mie In grea, nouns ac adjectives ending in ae maseuie to ke Nous and adectves ening a2 od, Fare nul: ene ce reconalcas rationality leccion tenon ha gh rar) Novas end asectves eng in can be masculine of feinne raigene student neigene Te make a masculine noun or aectve ening ino fein, change the 00-2 cipogado ogode “To make a masodine noun or acjecve ering in x consonant fe tine od 27-2" expo espanol 1B PUR To plraze aroun o an adjective ending ina vowel a ns: bree ofa mucror ure noun or ajecve endo in a contonant, ad 8 stores 8 racoraldoaes spooles and actives ering in-2 are paralized by cooing the -2 song es: felces fending In-c6n chop the accent in he pura: fre plural nours and adjectives are wed to ree one ef masculine an teri people or tinge Spanish men o Spanish men and women: Spans people ale lawyers or (9) mae an fers lawyers) ro ed for mace rc) masculine a ferinne nuns) he Iesons proceed, you' ae mary mare examples of masculine feninine nous and adjectives. The ules above wil become by 18 and any exceptions willbe noted 3 auch PuncruATiON “Note iat quessons are preceded by tn nvered question mate), ‘4 ecaations are pecesed by an verted excarton port).VOCABULARIO (Vocabulary) saludos presentaciones Buenos diaz Buenas trdes Buenas nocres, [Bieneni! Hota! Que i? [Que hay de nuevo? iQue pasa? Mucho gusta Ufa usted de. .? GD donde es uted? Soy de Mi nomre es. stor setorta Seton asta luego. Hasta mana, Aalin mucho y x aul estas Inrodetone Goes merning Goce serosa. ocd erring. Good night Wecome! How's ging? How are tings? Whats new? What's going on? tee pleasure to meet you ‘eyou ton? nee ae you rom? am tor My name Mater, genteman Mes, mis es, madam ‘ee you ine: ‘See you omexton Geode rch, many fat and bit ere too, also Trew ct ee Mae NATIONS NAcONAUDKDES Nvetina argentina a cena canagense® ‘Che nero, -2 cuss abana. -¢ ElSanacor —sabadbrene, a Span pore, 0 United States ertogbunidense? Guatemala guotematice, a Engura irae glee eco medica, 2 Pen person, 2 Puerto Rico puertoriueto -o Venezuelt —senezlan, 2 8 2Es Ut de Gootemal? (ne) 1, no soy de Guatemala Es Us oe Vonerele? i) 2 GE Ut. de Espana? (no) 3. Hy michosexpatoes en México? (3) # eHoy maces nspenomerenos ol? (0) NaTionsLmEs: ‘etinan Canacian hean cuban Salvadoran Spanish Spaniard UUs. arerean Suatomasn Engteh Mescan eravan Puerto Ran Verezuson a pregunta en una orci completa usond opto the esto ina complete serene using the hire) renters anit te tote ‘oe nan ea on1 Reacione una polars de la colunna A on un de columna (Mate match Between a ord in column A and urn 8) CCounmA A coumna 8 1. spate here 2 ow 8 Hows i gong? 3 asta ego! Whee a you for? 44 Soy perso, 4. Spain 5 200e wi? f Lam Porn, 6. [Bervendo! mor 2 Soy se 5, Goad meting 8. Mi amore es See you tert 9, Boonos ds. 1 leone 10. gOr dinde es uted? |. My tame NOTAS CULTURALES (Cultural Notes) People e Spin and Latin Amara are i gute formal when they Pst mee ‘einen and women shake hands They use he ple om of you."—usted [abbot 20 Us or Va Inert! statos, when grec family are ‘Hence women tse each cher and men, whaens me shake ands. Spanish names nce the gen net, nombre il), and te fay’ compound ast rae, opel, wich includes the faters omy nae f lone bythe mothers fmiy name alo Morties Ve Marta Moreno Vasquez ese people were 10 mary Moras new name woud be: Marto Moreno [see oe Maren. Tae ken woud be: Jul Pit) Marine Maeno an art Marta) Marine Morera + The werds latioamerconas and hgpaneomerconos are bot user Spars to refer © Spanish-speaking peoples of Mexico, Coral Aeris the Candbean and Sou Aerie. addon itinerant aso ve liken refering Yo ronSpansh speaking peosles of Cenrl Americ, the (Carbbean,and South Amaia Jamaicans Haars, and Brains). RESPUESTAS (Answ Ke) 1A 1. Sis de Venezuela 2. No, no 207 de Espa, 3. Si hay muchos apfoies en Mois, 4. No no hoy muchos Mspanocmenanoe 294: pra ze ah Ae Sh Gk EB 9G 106 LECCION 2 INFORMACION. _hokng for intormaton DIALOGO (Dialogue) are de tram de Sontane, Chie. IA FALCON: Permiso,sehor Necesito informacin. {CARRASCO: Si, seria. En qué puedo serve? FALCON: Donde ext ol Hotel Fenix? {ARRASCO No eto a recs Cal Once, mes TA FALCON: Ocho, dos... .Com?Repit, por favor {CARRASCO: Ocho, dos, uno, salt. Agu hay un maps Ia Cale Once. sctte ss Estoy cansdal Qué tipo de‘a tun camera Santiago, Cle MISS FALCON: Excise me, in| ned some formation MR, CARRASCO: Yes, mis How can help you? MISS FALCON: Yiece ene Proerx Hotel? (MR. CARRASCO: I's not far. Te acres 821 Gevenn See [MISS FALCON: 6, 2, ... What? Please rept that MR. CARRASCO: 8, 2.1, iss Here's 2 map artis Elverth Steet MISS FALCON: sank yeu Fn tea! Wat king of hoa ee? MR, CARRASCO: Is 3 estate tote MISS FALCON: Otay le mere goo restaurant ner here? [MR. CARRASCO: Yes the 6 Dera restaurant snot door tote hate to ‘te lett. Theres aso Cae Fas onthe corer of Trt Steet [MISS FALCON: vnc sth beter of thet? [MR CARRASCO: The E Dorado etaant [MISS FALCON: Thank you very ch, sim vary gate 0 you PRONUNCIACION ‘onunciation) 0 ke the on “te como, hotel, cuatro, savadorefo (Oke the “vn “rue: ute una, una, mucho The Spain vowels and ware considered ‘weak vel ac when usedin connor wih oer vowels, can any be sessed when 2 accent mark appears othe loeai,continos. ‘TO PaoNoUNCE WORDS Wor ening ina vowel (a6 0) or ors ae rete onthe oes [penltirate syle: una deer cnc, Guatemala, ‘Words ending na consonant other than» sae srested onthe slab: Rote seor Ecuador, expat, por fro [ther words have & wien accent mark o show sess; ogu fombio, Mortnez, buoos os. name’ ae tena Engi, sable: Spa ae easly defined’ being made up ot yeu fami) | you fami) | ess tosses yeu ermal) | stes (forma | sts he | 6 they (mse) | los se | eto they fem) | los‘These pronouns ar ved a suejecs of he verb Since the verb ending trae the sbjet Cea, the sbjet pronouns do ot hae tobe Used Estoy en am we ‘They are used pearly for ay (wih heute. and ele ve forme and withthe ustedes, los and eles ver ferns) ofr erga: im ers usted? Hom are you? imo esse”? Hom ihe? 12Y0? ¥ entoy ben Mer mie The frm uted is abbreviated as Ws. for Vl) and tees is abbreviated a Uo. (r Vs) Ti sued wth amy an herds The laa forms vosores seta ‘re used oly n Span a the familar plan ata Arrien another Spanhspesking areas ate Ld for bath he familar and femal pra yo0 ‘THE VERS ESTAR Esta TORE ve [ser resovos os [anes ta | esas rosoros cs | ess 3, 4 uses ts | edn ‘As we sw i Lacon 1, estar means "to be” when taking aout te locaton ofa person pice of hieg ies ute describe any fate of heath and welcng, whether mental or phys toy bien wel Est nervioso. He is peru. Estoy cansada ed (or) toy cana, Fr tes. ase) eansacos, They ae es soracecdos, We ae grate est contenta ena i happy Schunge for the normal state of tare ae 0 types of arteles:indetnte and defi. “The indefinte atic sequent 1o te English werd “a” or“ SINGULAR PLURAL mse [vs rime mace [oro names tn ate! nos hones fom | snzarecotn fem | unas dresoer tae ns eas SINGULAR PLURAL mas. [ enone mace [io nimeroe hott ‘es hte tom. | fo srecnin fem | ares focate ses cales Ps aw es hn sn > Las) mtn “ny” Hon eva tht when ised wth estar adectues must gre wth he subject. gerder and number, according to he les explained recuse and ter acecves wed wth estar expres «state coor,Note that he defi artless when ving het peak about ure or someone ee Soy ol star Coro Tam mt Carasco, Iti mite when speaking det toa person using ate: nm opi, ster Bicol Hoe Fé ee jor hot! deo cased. Try option Barca, he Pom He the bet et nthe ty 4. THE CONTRACTIONS DEL AND AL Contractions acta spose. In Spanish thre are ony 00 eset = ce! of he, from the ore=a) tothe atte tal ado del Hote Fb Inox dor tthe Phoenix Het . POSSESSION WITH DE Tolncaepostesion, se the verb ser de, £5 el mee restaurant de loco. Inthe c/s bes estaurant @ Ie the best restaurant in the ey. Cues lo dren de hotel? What the hosed? @ nat the adore ofthe hotel? Ese fv de en Its hans book JOM WORDS: 2@UE? ZCUAL? 4cOMO? ZDONDE? £048? for “What” when you ar asking fora defriton, so flosao? Is phibsophy? (fos de hota es dee? . indleaes of Rte! that? po de hoteles? ind of notes? 2603? “the when yu ar acing ne fom ameng may so! maior de os cor? athe bro thet? sing a detinition ‘ when you ar aking fora derrston. ? (dott derstand) Pardon me? Use cDsnde? tr "Where?” ex ot Noe Fai? here i the Phoenix Hote? Where the restaurant? ton, or explanation. Use ue? translate “Whi” Belo @ {Cu? can be used to ranlate “What?” before the verb ser crept Coo? or "What?" when you do ht understand meting sd,NuMEROS. MUMBERS a) fas 2. ‘The uber ne (ands conpourd forms, hat 21.31, 41, ) has we ocho tipo de hotles? ote de primera case |e el numero de < an esol restaurant? . ae [esl mejor def dox? both a mascline an Ferinne form noun aes the shatened ard) farm un blore mascane sng You's: un Pte alone hte VOCABULARIO (Vocabulary expresiones de cortesia Permiso Con permis. Perdén Perdoneme Diseulpe Dispense En que puedo servile? Gracias. De nad lo senta Rept, por Favor “4s toy muy agradecid). intrmacion contro de turismo Neceoto informacion {Dende ert et hotel? ous In creo del hota? ) polite emeessions| reuse me Pardon me Qo atvact ‘ateton or ask permission excise me: srry when you ave caused some har ‘conkaon of sappontnen) eee Hove can hls you? jeansado(s). Presse Thane you Youre woke, content) Timsorry Pease repeat hat 1m very grate to you. ‘eatin need (pice oisome) inrmstion. hott Whereis the hte? across Whats the adress of the hotel? hat kd of hotels? tes wats hot What ithe tlephonesumbar? ‘Whats the resturant the? mp tothe let tote iit rest (ou ‘055 rom, oppose behind infront of fer How are you? Fm wed. Imre. "rm hase md oy 000k. 2EXAMEN (Quiz) [A. Dé clara defo en ugar de rte ingen, (Give the definite len place of te Inder atic) eo8.: wa esate esquire 1. ws rte 2 ino dreccion 4. nos stores S. unr stores 1B col fo forma corecta de “esta” (Chose the caret erm of etar) ecco: Morte (estamos, et, cts) cond, Mora esto coneoaa. 1. Le sahorta Faeon (esd ext, estoy conse, 2. hoe Pola (etn, estamos, et) aoc de! Hote Fe: 3. Morty yo (estoy estas, ests) tists 4 Ros, (esti estoy et) ou? 5. Yole estn estoy. ests) may ogradecdo. Traduzca ls exprsoresyoraconeso espa (Transat the ereressins and seniancin no Sparsh). ‘weve youne women ‘he adress is 465 100 Sent, What? mao Are you 8? very arate t you. Whereis the Palace Hotel? Fm ted Whats the telephone urbe ofthe hotel? as corrccones de" y “al” (Ube he craton “de ada") Mora te 9! conclets ‘Bena tome oguo dee jaro, 1M fami yo vars oe! campo tosses de semera Me ust color oe cache Iestros somos olunnos deo colegio. El calor de el pero es eg. Voros ol rertournte evan Quiero agua dee garaten ‘CULTURALES (Cultural Notes) for potessions ending na ore hve says been used to eto and women, fe example la vecepcanict (he receptonst), (te dents): ea estore (he student caer si ig the masculine raun ending 9100 ese the ecblem or xe ff ebogodo/iaabogove (he auyer). Occasional women re the form of tre noun, beeing ito be nero othe marine, and eter ocbagodo ie fea er. le mdi (he feral doce), (he tense noel, TAS (Answer Key) hel 2h 3.6 Aor Ske sto 2. esta 3. estomos 4. esos 5. estoy doce sarortos 2. Le dreccin a ale De, nimero cuota se, 3. eCimo? 4 Estoy ten, cEstd mal? 5. Leeroy my “2.6. eDinde esse Hoe! Poco? 7 sty cansodn, 18, 2G so hme de tear de ot!? 1. ee ome agua del ro. 2. tamil yo varor ol campo todos ies oe serena 3 Me gosta el oor del coche. 4, Nosoves somos el eolepe 5. E calor de pero es nag. 6. ome of estowrante cro, 7. Quer agua ce gaanNo no We ey rsrsm myhome: LECCION 3 AHORA Clock ine (kay when i the lay tonight? W's 31 900 inthe everng. A. DIALOGO (Dialogue) eee atl nel ello: Hociendo planes pars Ie ache, Buenos Aes, Argenta ont know but sna very ong play. Wat tne iit now? My watch says tat ts twenty to nine. Im buy Inte offce suns 700, ANITA ola? GABRIEL: Buenos sis, Ait. Soy yo, Gabriel. Es muy temprano ps lamarte? A hat time wl you be the theater? ANITA: No, no En mi cass somos madrogadoes A 8:30 sharp GABRIEL: Bueno. ,Cundo ex Ia obra de tentro ext noche? Otay. See you tater ANITA: Esa ne neve dela noche Se yu net GGABREL: 2Por qué estan tarde? OID prs om crs ay lard Pra hoe? {ONUNCIACION (Pronunciation) GABRIEL: En mi rel, son ls nueve menos went. Eay ocupado ns ‘ficina hasta mis © menos la ite. ones ong are two jtaposed vowels which frm ene sound. one ofthese two vowels must bean or ithe socalled ak vowels (you have to stong vowels—a,e. o-—togehe, ou two separate slates) Sressna dghtong always one wel (0, € 0) Hav are some dptang curd ANITA: :A gu hora ests eno tearo? GABRIEL: A as cho y media en punto, ANITA: De acerdo, Hasta ego! GABRIEL: Hasta luego oy (he te “ins”, ha, are “24 (he ne “ou “naw: aut, aurora, restaurante ‘ley (ee "y" "nay": pene, verte, 0, fy Taiyo (he te" in“yar" acim estan, ya Je fk he "e"n "ye sempre, quien ple Joly (hee "yo in ose") adie, nervone, confusion (On the telephne: Making plans forthe evening Buenos Aes. Agents ANITA Hea GABRIEL: Hel, Anta. tse (), Gabi Is 00 ely t cl you? eaC. GRAMATICA Y USOS and Usage) ‘You hare probably otced hat there are mary Spanish weds that oo rest eracy the an Engin wort: these are cle “cognates” any cases they have the same meaning andthe sae speling, But 2 Serer ponineaon tor; ie; goer; smi; hotel ‘tre cognates vary sty am te Englch eqvalats, Note the ferent Speis speings of te folowing words agente: teal: centr; eferent: portant; inte: pose ‘uo: etourante toto tefong,en:vo eles late? 2. THE VERB SER aut Carle ext on Merce? i rls in Mexico? Haris the complete present terse of he verb se: ou sendy iow - ING TIME Par forthe tine with: cue hoes? \ ere Gack ase ute foe) Ales ee ee al oer cock tes, use Son (he pra fe): io te | is ts | sn fas ocho Wes 800 fas once. wee 400, Use y 10 add mnutes past the hour For a quarter, ue quince ocr enequare) For ha pause rent cr esi al las once y veimicnea tee 125, tina y evar ets. as dos y trina tee 230, Jas dos y media Note that actives used wh se mus agree wih the sbject n gender and suber 1 obra de teatro buena, "The ply fs 9008 Somos nuevas abogudas. Were ne ayers Past the half hur, wana you shoud subact om the fellows hour ving the word menos (nh) 2 2Son as cuato menos vente. ts 30. sla una menos custo tes 12s, a una menos quince, Cotoguiy you nigh sr Son ae tres ycunrenta y ee a, Son as doce y weintay ee 1234 Toask-At What tine... 2% you sty ZA gut hina 7 cA gut ora ea obro de toto? ‘Rew ties the pay? E50 las der de lo noche. 1's atten in the eveing, ‘As sean above when you watt eer fo “AN the ering and nin te aternoo or i the ever” use time + de ls moan ct time +e fa tarde. When saying in the morning, terrae evening witout refering ta specie time of day ue the expressions with or soy ocupodo orl rte Tam buy nthe akernon, No estoyacypouo por 'o nach Tam ot by inthe eveing » (vente y uno) © menos ne ocho (632) de ae ocho veingeinco 25 voinstis 26 veins 27 woiioens 28 weintinveve 29 vena 30 teint y uno vlna y doe events sseee time of day nour Ire one deck, Ire to o'eck late mering, am, inne atermcon inthe everng, pm manne ara on the dot pout 8:00 her? ey wy? My wateh saya thats rae o'ock st home {0d Otaybe acverde/Bueno ay, ‘plan pn pay ‘nt oo fens ee tocal eee ently er ‘upado by ae esi A. Contest la pregunta en ura orcitn completo usando la pit (oswer the ussion na comple artnce using tet) ocea:2Q66 hve es? ls tes de ofr) Son es nes de tre 4. £QUt hore ex? ls iz fa roche) 2 Geadndo est Ud ecupodo? (pola maton) 3. SA‘ge how oso abr de tate? fa los ocho y media de a noche) 1 SCaamios teats hay en Buenos Aree? (esertay cinco tetos) B._Eecojo a ferma corrected se” (Chose the coect orm ots) Noosa: Nostros (nn, 24 Sones) portuguese re Noses Somos portauests. 1 Juan yy (on 505. somes crgents. 2. Morcos no eres 50) moergodor. 3. (G.Son Si) as wes menos curt. 4 Tali, (son 50 ees) de Pert io. 5. Uis fsomon so, 30) abogodes csc polbra correcta. (Chose the cre ord) 1. Lente de eto fet,e, ety) 0 os nue de a roche 2 bor qué? Cuando?) 5 tn tore? 3. Bole Grey medi na y cra, ho de a nace) de fa mato Hoy trite y ves, ocho, eit) hors en un da 5 coe? Que? Por que?) ett Ud? oy (wines, eseta cuerent) mates en una hor. teams et coc ete oe os. y yo rosersirostre ion yy0 ay eo oscs y los ty ion ‘CULTURALES (Cultural Notes) AM and *e* ae occasionally seen In Latin Aerie, hay eve in| in Ofc scheddes (vas, buses, anes) and vaio and tlevson| desters in Span and Latin America, howerer ure the 2-hour clock. lecocho roa ees ra (1860) ight then be a 21:00, or a as veniona, The uct way 0 what the time is when using the 24-hour cack so subadt 12 umber gen fist meeting an adult Spaniard et Lan American, you use the fo Ue. for "You" Ae your acquaintance and Fendi rom you wil aide, alta me witht" ESTAS (Anewor Key) Son les diez de a noche. 2, Estoy ccupedo pore mohana 3. Le de eno es 010s acho y me del noche 4, Hay sesera'y faves en Buenos Area oms 2c 3 Son 4.eres 5.400 Les 2. hob qut? 3. uooycuorto 4. veinticuto 5. eCéme? I-rosotros 2 elbs 3 rosotor 4, vosots/isLECCION 4 Ls Mr. Gonzues He's very ice. How many employees ae there the company? A. DIALOGO (Dialogue) abajo en Guoyoql,Ecvadr Tere ae about $00 ‘A how much 80 you eam pat yer? Ma eee ae. ar the manu salary. My jo it easy, ISABEL: Es interesante, Trabajo los lunes, mares y miércoles en la ‘ofc, loe jueves y viernes en fa fbr. Hs iia, why doo you ok for anther jo? Because | he my work And moreover sat neccesary to work is On Saturdays ad Sunday study, ater Yo music tak on phone {Great's important to rest ANDRES: JQuien es su jefe? |SABEL: Ecalor Gonzles Es muy spate, ANDRES: {Cusntos empleados hay en la compari? ISABEL: Hay unos quinontos I secre ANDRES: Y scuto gana Us. por ane? ISABEL: Gano of slario mismo Mi trabajo noes fc ANDRES: 5s df zpor qué no bus oro trabaio? eter nc always sen: hace, hasta, habe, exhibir Seis ronareed mre tan Engh, he bv, ISABEL: Porgue me gusts mi trabajo. Ademas, no es necesaro trabajar fos fines de semana. Lor sSbados y los domingosestudi,excucho ‘misia, hablo por telefono DiPHTH ANDRES: (Qué bueno! Es importante descansa. ions {lke the “yn “boy ego, eto, voy ke te “wan wan cuando, custo, Juan ‘Waring io Guayaqul Evade {ke the "ve" in “war): bueno, puerta, mucve ANDRES: What your he, bel? ISABEL: i's ieresting On Mondays, Tuesdays, and Wednesdays | wort the ofc and on Thursdays and Fridays ite actorsGRAMATICA Y USOS (Grammar and Usage) 4. THE INFINITIVE 25 fers ofthe vero. But sorties the subject pronoun 6, clo and Uc eles, eos mst be ure to ay the east 79 ot te ver. the thee possible Enlsh warsatons of he Spaneh verb Te init isthe bas form of te verb. a Engh "to be “orest” ‘Ro work” ad "Yo eps” are a tvs In Spanish fives aso you werk Consist of two parts te root and ne inte eng. Spanish you are working you oo work . | | Infisves blog tote groups ceria by these eninge “rer i loc that ser and str, re two verbs meaning“ be," fall nto ‘hese categoria) Some new -or vss nis lesson nce desconsor ores, bojar (0 work estat (osu te bom or ters Infives can be wed th personal expressions, whose plied noc "ae" and “do are “hing verb they inate hat te vet flows and that sin the present tense ‘eau -a es we have seen 3 subjectin Spanish the word "it" Asia! . io ex necesoro trabaa os es de semava cr Ws ot necessary to work weekends Cade Ex mportane desconsar = tmp to ret Che 22, THE PRESENT TENSE OF REGULAR -AR VERBS, 4 toned cescnso. {rest on Saturdays Inaurstdy of Spanah vp tots pont. we have seen conga verb sn Nore sting Spec, | "4 We ten to muse forma inthe prevent eee estoy $e, eA verb conierss erjugted when you drop he infive ending (2, ei) and ao trobajo. He's ooking for ajo. . the oot the wer eng (or ifecon)appopiate forthe subject 0. exponen” De they speak Spanish? tr pronoun Most vrs in Spanish allow a eguar aterm of macho pero ne game thew ae erreevematee Conusntion The fest ro regular verbs Sanch are hose ending Inari equ verbs inti roup ae cerugated exact ike Add the personal ver ending othe root JESTION WoRDS: i, , aes gCUANTO?, eCUANTOS?, 7 eQuiEnes? » 2 | roma Sek how much, how mary lowed by aroun, use » os | rates cudnt? (Sand ceuonos? cus? Us, 440 | oabge rb) tego dcconsos? roses 25 aver | notojones much tne do you ret? ‘osston 3: 25 | raiges uses, es or | roar te cn 2 cin erm pala erto etaaee ye eeCuban empleades hoy? How mary emotyees are there? eno? i sea used beer eta ak “Hom uch..?* na ese rl? ow meh te water? Use sit? for “who?” Note he pura form caus? cui uo? Who you boss? Quire haben? ‘Whe ate speaking? 4. THE WORD ORDER IN QUESTIONS Irterogatie words basin a question: Cuno tonpo descansos? ut tora es? he subject ofa question a perso, he subject. ron, caesar. may precede or olow the ves 2 exc muchos hors? ‘De you stuay may nous? ta Ud mics ores? ‘THE OAYS OF THE WEEK. DIAS DE LA SEMANA DAYS OF THE WEEK los dia laborabae vidas les Monday cl martes Toeeaty fl mircler Wednencsy jueves Truresny viernes Friday ‘fn de semana eens ‘ssbaao Senwesy domingo Sunday that he words is masclne lo, os as. ask “Wat cay today” say: uti es hoy? masculine defn artis aways ued wth the day ofthe week, ater tne ver se: making ais ofthe dys ofthe week, you need to Use he article wih ie store res, martes, ves martes means fd als" Tsay” wordy ae plrled by using fs os nes, “(n) Mondays: and domingo rave plats os bad, fx domingo, os stbacos. on Sturays isis tox domingos. 2 mc 7 Sundays NUMBERS 70-1,000,000 90 100 102 200 g88es 8wl 1,000 ri novecientos noventa y cinco 1995 un trabajo ‘Seven il 50,000 rovecentos noventa y nue mil tovecienton nventay neve tn mon 999.999 ta via’ 1,000,000 ‘len is aed bere a noun een as, cen lecones Cento recedes anyother ruber exept mi cent uno lento Fn Cas cochentay oeno; cen mil Thc hundreds mbes hve both mascuine andfeine forms. The wordy ony used Betoen fe es ad the ones “rescintos trina y tes 332 Mi doscientos encuerta y sete 1257 . The word min and ts compound (ds miles et) are faiowed the preposition de: “ie millones de horas. Tree ion hous Be caret of te word bin, which does’ mean “ile” but ists smear “lon” To say “iio te Spanish, sy ai niles. VOCABULARIO (Vocabulary) trabajo wert ome es su taba? Whats your job tke? fecretaie,-2 secretary farce ‘eon opera, 2 factory worker etl ose ui es 5 ee? Who is your boss? ‘mas 0 jefe? ‘Whats your Bosse ‘plead, -2 color . compatia cemeany ae cast cn Sr nw to ook er ab to ean ting weety ont yer pra yar Hove much So you eam a yea? ies important ite necesary today yesteay the dy afer toro ierstog orng unpleasant attest ey 19 oo or to study 1 a, speak enn nme che ads'A. Contests pragunta on une orci completa usando fe it. (Gower the queston na complete sentence using te rt) come: eCutdo no trabojs? (et domings) fia ong «coring 1 econaes se vt? te) 2. UGaantos horas trabajo por semane? (40 hoes) 43, ccéme deconso Us. bs sds? escuchar miso) 4. SComo eu le? (snpatico) 18. Escrbo ls mimes on polabros. Nike ou the numbers in wor) ooo: 387 men Treacle rena y sete hombres 1. 948 dye 2. 551 hows 3, eoznewe 4, 1,334/592 lessons 5. 5,543,210 students 6 Trausce ol patel. anslte no Spanish) 1. We wot every dy ofthe week Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, “Thursday and Fey 2, He eats on Saturcays and Sundays. 3. Who studying now? Whois unpleasant? 5. is afiet to work on Sunday. 6. I dont earn much. olang for nother ob ese los siguientes prepares. (rewer he folowing questions) eCuinis aos ees? (20) Tega vente oto. . eCudnos tomate gure, Senora? (5) Guin inero quer por exe obi? (45) aQuien es ese muchocho? (Mi hermano) {Cudros parents Hones on EEUU? (12) {Quieres son cs dveres de exe ea? sé) 2Coortos paginas tne eve ir? (568) ‘CULTURALES (Cultus 1 Notes) that in Span and Latin Amen, commas and periods are reversed of ruber. Be very careful wth isl Compare: SPAIN/LATIN AMERICA 1.000 2saz $994.81 IAS (Answer Key) nebo es cif 2. Trabajo cverenta bras por semana. 3 Los eS2vho misica $. Miele es smpatcn uarentey cero ds. 2. ueras eneventa yuna 3. ochcientos noventa ys hoteles. 4 un min escent 7 cucro mi quventasnoventoy dos ecianes 5, cinco. uiniertoscucrenta y Yes mi oecenos des etuontes Trabajamos toss ios is de o semana: eines. ert, micas, 3 viene. 2 €descansa os sdbadesy damingos. 3. Quien hor? 4. Quit es onipsteo? 5, Excl vobaia os 1. No gono mucho. Buco aro trabajo Quiero cinco tomotes. 2. Quer cvarentay cnc dares por ete 3. Ese mucacho es mi hermono. Tengo doce ponents en ‘Unidos. 5. Nob quieres son os duets de ete eifia Esteli tenequnentss seserta y cata panes, “sLECCION 5 TEMPO, LOS MESES LAS ESTACIONES. Wester, month, sss A, DIALOGO (Dialogue) En lo tena Pari del Paraguas en fo Cle Foot de Colm, Panama, ELENA: Hace mucho calor en verano en este pais. Cunt grados hace hey? 1ESUS: Tent y dos centigrados. por lo menos. También durante do i ato-al oto iviemo, la primavers—hay mucha hamedas [eberos mucha agua y retescos. ELENA: Mira, ahors eve hace vento. Uds. eguramente venden muchos pragues en esta tend. JESUS: Eo os verdad ELENA: AComo ere tempo aul en primavera? JESUS: En esa exci do ao a tempo es menos cliente pero Tews mae, othe Ubrela Paradie store on Frnt Sect, Con, Panama ELENAC I's ver hon the summer inthis cote. What's the tempera today? 1sE5US: Thirty two degrees conrad, at last. Also. yearong—in fl net sprng—t's ey tana We ran of water and of ins. ELENA: Look it’s anng ands wry. You srl el! many umbels" JESUS: Thats we, ELENA: Ynatis the weather he here inthe sng? {se5US: tha sear ol he yer he wether ses hot tras more ONUNCIACION (Pronunciation) CONSONANTS ‘ke te “cin “hrc: mucho, ocho, noche (ipa, ike hen “mation Latin Ameria, Bh hen pollo llamar lover (Be the “yin cary: ao, bake, maana {he ue, quien quince acta ark” over the is aed [MORE DIPTHONSS. (tke ne word “you: edad, yoca (ie ne word we"): my. uidedo anv come together a a ciphhong sound, theses nays the second tthe to voweS, When you see the ltr for Jor he acert mar), this indcates ha the vowel sa song vowel an independent slate Nosota, econani.tjoga 292 If ary two song vowels , 0 ome together. wo sbi result eae, peor.¢. GRAMATICA Y USOS: (Grammar and Usage) 41. THE PRESENT TENSE OF REGULAR -ER VERBS “The second convgtion of regu vers i the er grup. Note he characte of te ending vewoeR To SEL. estas. 28 a, les, os come ono Mark eat rom. ros espa. We drt understand Spanish opr, [read ot and im esaing ¢ATIVE ADJECTIVES are the ajacves that pnt things “his book, tat ha” 1s acjctes. hey rust agree umber and gender wth thie SINGULAR PLURAL, maze [este ps estos pes om. | ete eiotin ext etc Note agin the thee possible Engi ansators nosotros verdemos we sel ie do sl eae song bar (ts hn) farther regular -er ver we har Inthe dale: Bevemos mucho og yrerescos. Wedink aot of mater and sot ‘inks (ther commenly Used regula -e verbs ae comprender to understand ‘prender to learn Vendo muchas paraques. ‘oulThey sl a tof unbrlias edo ewes a : i SNGUAR PLURAL rmase. [aie otofo oguelosototas | fom. | aquto tendo ogols tena: {at gue and it forme refer to things that are farther away frm those houses hombres ‘thse man (over tere)3. DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS: it an acert marke added tothe stressed vol af he deansiatne ‘secive, becomes a pronoun FENANINE —NEVTER a. c [ee Pets) | sos 59. (hat | Priore) | coe Sp tnt over ther} | ona PL(those over her) | ute awe | oto owsiee | The te neuter forms fr to concep or unspecified bees roe verde That General concept nara hing sus VOCABULARIO (Vocabulary) tiempo 22 tempo hace? Hace buen (nt) tiempo. Hace calor Hace rio. Hace viento, Hace sol Uvere oso os paraguas ‘tie agen a aes sweater lesice (ad) weatrer Ieehot Wescala es windy tessurmy. tes snowing. keerainng ‘erat cals (wea hot eaten horny a How many degrees is? rons Feorary Hach Ae May sone ust September Cctober November Decenber nny Whats todays ete? sng autumn, tal to aink airng tread soho suey all year tongEXAMEN (QUIZ) A. Contests on una orcisn completa en enol (Answer the questions sith complete sentences in Spanish) 1. eCutes sn os cota meses del vrano? 2. eCuanos dias hy on orzo? 3. Scudets es hay en septiembre? 4 Zeus son os cut meses def prinavera? BB. Escoj a orma correcta, (Choose the correct fom) ‘eos: oso (comprendes,comprendemos.comprend) fa. Nesovescomprendees co. 1. Ioan y Ana (eben, bebe, babes) mucho agua 2 Elana no comprendes,comorenden,compronde) or qué siempre iuer y rece cle. 3. Fn yyo fer, ler, eee Ibo. 4 Jes wenden, yendemes vende) muchos porguas 5. Esuais y (compronces,comprend,conprende) pate & Traazca al espanol. (rari ro Spaneh) 1. ina at when ei ot 2 isang and need an umbels 3. He sal bral in that tore (vr tee. 4 Inti county very cold wate, 5 Toaty sly 4, 2000, 6 Do you (ch) se those ures? NOTAS CULTURALES (Cultural Notes) rere ne order i day/menthyea (28/7/46). Dates Spanish he folowing way: a focho de hoy? cine de actbre de ral What is oa’ date? Tay 20 October, 1995. TAS (Answer Kay) fui, jul, agosto y septientre. 2. Hoy vente yun des treinta cos 4. Son moro, ob may yan. 2 comorende 3. leemos 4. vende 5. comprendes mucho cuando hoe calor 2. Levey neces un paras poraguns en oqvlla endo 4, En exe pai hace mucho fo 5 Hoy eve cut se ato dt ara dos ml (2000) ts. ees/oqulosporoques? PRIMER REPASO (FIRST REVIEW) Plots. (Gre the pra) 2 ojos iors ‘et setor fel 4 poroguos puertarnquebo| one 2] tuo indsinds, (ange tothe Indefinite arte) fa mjerune mujer Remeber atin South Amare, the seasons are he rest of cur om ln te northern nemephee mn mos of Latin Areca an Fn Spln, rps tures gen in centiyad, “cerita” of “als ‘Be cael when you const a calendarin Spa and mary Lata Americ" ‘ours nike the US. senda thee calendars begin on Monday, wh the at dy of he weak being Sunday Alo, when wring dates as 2 bes. Arecan follow the ener mnth/dayiyer (7/28/46). In Spain andGrebe ora enpalsbras. (Write cut the te in wor) ooeo: is 2:30 pm. Sane doe y mesa fo tod 4. es 101 am 2. es 145 pm 3 eat pm 4 A050 am 5. At 12300 pm. 1. Complete vsarde ua forma de extar”o “se” (Complete wing form feo aet) ocew: Ti prtesoro, Theres profesor, von —_— hsparoarercora {Qrbnes ——eansades? esses de tarde Tapatlo———iteresonte Mercedes yo maestos. Yo. de Nava York pro chara eo Pero Pio. ._Exciba nuevomente orci usando suet entre ports FRewnte the sotence wing the sujet in parentheses) ooo: Hobe expat. (TY) Ti habs esata 1. Bevo equa. Nosovas) 2 endesporaguos? (Els) 3. Cano ole wna (7) 4 Tobaares mucho. Ye) S. ebescansan? (7) Trcuace a expoto.(ransiat no Spanish) 4. Who she? 2 Where tat (ar away) store? 23. Wen dye ofthe week do you Gh) wore? 44 How many mbrlas are re? Fie hurd ty ve, 5 na time does lo sy? 6. Ae thoy (fem) denking aor? 7. Wats weather ie? &. shot inthe uae sera ls sguentesndmerae. Unte ou the following numbers) 1. los stores 2. flees 3. los poraguos 4, puertrnquets 5 ls meses {ane sera 2. un esvdonte 3. ona crection 4. unos numeree 1. Son as ence yun mira de lo mefore. 2. Sop le dos meron ‘quince (coro) de lator. 2 Sono tes ygunce (ua) dee ord. &.4 ts cinco y mesa de la motor. 5, AI meded hes 2 estamos 3 enan 4 San Sex 6 somoe 714 exoy 1. Bebenos agua. 2. Elles venden pragucs? 3. Comes aor 4:Tratae mucho 5, Descnsos? 1. eQuitn es 4 2. Dende esto aqua bende? 3. cQue dos deo semana trobeen Uda? 4. .Casntos poraguos hay? Qunertor ‘heventsy cnc. 5. A gu hore /Cuindo estuca Juan? 6. cBeber ‘les mucho? 7. ) he the guturalh* ne’: gente, sigante 1 ke he gurl nin "herr Jorge, mejor GRAMATICA Y USOS THE VERB TENER ANO EXPRESSIONS WITH TENER wer tener means Yo have" of "o posesn" hs preset tense “eanuoston resus" TENER TO HAVE ve [oo rasatas ox [ tone 1 | sores vessees, a | nes 1, eo | sone ut, log, tos | tenen 7c 1 sed with ary nouns te descbe py, mental, rd Sates. these cass, is he eqtalet othe English be” The folowing fa paral it ot soe common egestons Idioms wih tare: be sre to check te lossy for others. 0 rer so tobe cold tw veront fener ido. toe warm tobe wrong tobe cat macho dolor en os bazos* have pans omy arms planes par hoy. We dort have plans tosay ora ta con mio. have an aspiniment wih te doc pis: no tens tee ‘Shes ina hurry she doesnt hve tine 6, They ae cols eset sen os ou st caf en ph yun he ei we‘The exeresion tener ue means “o have to ts ana Foowed by an init Terenas gu corres hoy We hve to on toy Tene qe spur una dete oto en You haeto follow alighted: proteins. Tenoris so ved oak an sate one's age ube oes tenes? How oda you (How many years (oyou hive)? Teng its yu aes m3 years oa ‘Tne gerund or presen parle she “in” form of the ver (ai, being, speaing) Spanish i formed 35 fons ar verbs (Gescarso)..» 0 oad -oneo desconsando fr vebs (vender). dope add fend verdendo iret (abi) rp ad lend: abviondo ‘THE PRESENT PROGRESSIVE ‘The gens used ne presen progressive tne, The eresent progressive tence svestes heaton i progress inthe pest. tis trade up ofthe conjugated orm othe wei stor gerd Estoy suriondo de dolores Tr string om pas. les ean haciendo secon “Tey are doing exes. wevaning VERB HACER ACER TO MAKE, T0100 we [ewe rosa -2¢ [Pacorar | ree ‘oeoroe oF | haces ato | rce wis lor | hacen todos ts, vey day ta con mie Is making an appomement wih the doctor eserbe sates or condos of people oe thags ure the vr ‘They 3e sas “Te describe professions and iharent characteris, se the ery Jam atawyer Total abot weather or temperature condos, use hace: “To escrbe one's age se tne: Went y un ates. am 31 yours ot verb hocer means to make toda.” Only the es person paresVOCABULARIO a cverpo ‘abera echo oeia ° lengua ombro braze tarmano ‘eso ta pit cus ‘abel pera © pie ongenta Ie sais tener calor tener ere entero dolor {ener dolores ene st He slert bien Me sient Fatgade tne data segue une data proteinas Ua det ala en proteinas y carbohiertoe eae rests tobe cold tebe hat te have fever ck tone pins tosuter toe! (heath) ee Faiguedses ade fobeona det atin ‘cabohyeates 13a high n proteins and carbohydrates eercios toeecee se yoos yon cass — tohaete gonas de (=n 10 fe! he (Gong someting) to have plans to have an appgntmen, te rea) 10, to make to beleve Font ble (. ort ink ed buens aes, It 00d idea a pregunta en no ecco completa usando J pit io: Est contrte? (a, te) Estoy wise Que tiene que hace cudrdo ex ftgads?(descorsr) 2 lin oe ganas Se hacer eee? (re, corer) 3 £0 20 de ere necesta seguir Ut ? oan proeinasy ‘ohio ines ples hy? (no it) Mien Ues tompo? (na, tener rsa)1. Escrito raion muevament. Use presente progres, cure the srtence. Ue the presesprosressive) oven: Babe agua todo os es. say eblndo aq odes es cos 2, Bebemes mucha opve oho. 3. Hace mucho to. 4 Hoge gros porta mona. Toccoa epote Lam hungry and ed. ‘Op you (ama) have par in your leas? De you (pole) fe tke dong exes? ‘They ae wrong Sie sulterng a eat dea. NOTAS CULTURALES “Te exrciing fd has taken of in Spin and Lat America in vacert years withthe gowth of oer sport ts canman 1 $90 Joggers in my Emal towne and n large cles. logging scaled corer, ogging «© footing RESPUESTAS 1A 1. Tien ave descansar cand et fogode 2. No, un tne go> de cores 3 Nees segur uno dete aia en protenasy ‘onohirotes 4.5 tengo un cl. 5-No tenemos rsa. 4 Estoy cormendo fos ls os en vorano. 2 Estamos bebieds rrache ovo ahora. 3, Ets hacendo mich ta Estoy haceno eres pr matana 1c Tr Teng hombre yextoycansode. 2. Tens dolores en os eras? 2: gTiene Use ganas de acer jrcies? 4. No een ozé, 8. ct surendo macho LECCION 8 Ly con us hermanos ysobrines somos ventocho Invitamos tambidn ls cvtro abuso queidos de pa y aos buenos amigos del faa 1 ua antptiea! bs Toda musta familia va 9 estar reid para la boda, Qué maria! Hace mucho Hampo que no estamos todos fora weg ceremony i Uma Per Carmen yout avrte cous accepting ow nvitation to tas weang. TA: Let's se, fost, With our two sone andthe wives andthe orandrlren, wel be ten mes and ight women atthe That's gh. And with your brothers and strand nephews ces, wel be tery ght peo[DORA MARTA: And we'e also avin he four dear randprens ron reqs and goo family tenes. [DON JOSE: And your unpleasant unt [DORA MARTA: A our family wil be together a the wedding DON JOSE: How worden along tine since we've Been ‘ogeter (at we havent been ogee B, PRONUNCIACION fa ee rca ue a Wa, ey Xs hota year ‘AND THE LAST CONSONANTS sn muy simp. 1 he mide of « word ike the °F now") pro, ero, herman (bles wid pepnera) are ery ‘tte begining of word) and (8 les sours made oy taping the op ofthe tongue agar the gu hdge of the upper bak ein) Mo, rosa, carro the meaning, very onthe desretives do 0 de ela 5 ike the "es" ln “os ta Seto, extra de Uc, ce ls, de els, and de Ui flew the define ‘The ltrs and w appear in Spann in fren wors (for example end the moun dowatblomete). sre counties, he ks epaced withthe ve s,s can mea “i “her yout” tee” nore C. GRAMATICA Y USOS 4, POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES. We have sen that iat possesion you use the wort de (0) | parapics de aon = ohe's ores (eral, he uaa of") Poseesaive ajecves tel who has something As ajecies. hey agree i pumber and gender wh he thing postesed, ot wth he poseessot oles aceptan2. THE POSITION OF ADJECTIVES, In Soanch tere are two arses of asectes ming and deriv [Uting adjectives always precede the non. Tese ude rune. dvensvatves, posestves and very common adjectives sich a: ruc, pace bueno), nuevo, malo rane) Tus hermanos etn en Meno. You bothers are Meio. ‘S0y f mvevo abogode Tithe new jet La buona sat importante (Good heath important [Al ote adecnes ae descripve and folow the noun Hf to oF more Gescrtve ajectes ae used they flow the noun andar jes the wor y (, core et prio ovr (armen your favre cus Into ouestos nets quero yencantodres. ‘We a ivitng ou dear, charg granchire, 2. SHORTENED FORMS OF ADJECTIVES Certain atectives nave abteeate forms bef roun Before 25 ‘Sgr oun. grende Coestninprtance) becomes gar. a gran jer 2 reat woman tngron ator ore, gran actor eore masculine singles nouns uno becomes ur bro bcos buen and mals (a) becomes ma un buen amiga 1.003 tend + TIME + QUE + PRESENT TENSE an acon epi he tad corinig nt te presen eens tose sore cet acres tiempo que no estamos juntos. na eng time Since we've been together hos que deseo estar expel arting to study Spanish foro years. * stow ong an ever has been going on, (oie tary os 19.08 you sy ne hace que est en Colombe? ong have you been n Como? NAL A det object ofa verte noun hat races the verbs pdrety—Isa person. you must ae the personel oe obucios de Arequipa re ning the oranparees am Aes Its not used ater ener ine amigos en Espa vent fend in Span.@. COLLECTIVE NOUNS coecive nouns reer to a group but re used wih singular verb form in Spanish, the word oni fami) ard la grt (eap) ine ts ator. ea fri vo str reunite “The fami ang tobe together Le gente dene que trabor mucho en este pats Poople ave to work lot in this county. VOCABULARIO parensscos fam easton familia family sxporoleepose rusbanaiete bute /abuela (gandfater/grndmater hermanomermana brober/scter pasraymadre foment er ‘ora son/dugrter rietoinita (yond songrandavhier pasrnofmadrina ‘odatherigodmotne Serta ‘eeu primera cousin (rat. fem) hhombeaimuler ‘raniwoman revio/novia oyna, grcomigiend, ee fobrinesobrina nephewinece persona person frigoramign rena joverjovenes young personiyouns peor boda vaedeg uenoimaio ‘eodtod geande pea (tore nun ba (ter ren) bev, dese fave charming epey revnted,togebier togeter eee «| fave Lets see to take cave of he chien el acectvoposesio mts coro, (Gve te dearest possassve toy ta Je abel de Pero y label de Andres los eet oo orcin. (dl the adjectives to tre stances) Bebe leche tod lo ds. resco) Bete leche Fresca fds ls dos |. Tengo cinco rinos. ovr) Vive con ss hemana. res, quride) Nusa ics eg. el) Inuit aos joven. ft, buena) + Teremos sis amigos. contac, content)© Tradseco al espatol “The fami i big, happy and betoved, re you ing your cousins om Mexia? Who's the gtooms ster? Ste sa good fend Fvebeen werking hee fr tee years. at are your fv ants he? Teed to take care of he ehiren NOTAS CULTURALES ‘The pole forms of address Don/Doe are used before the frst raes of ‘non and women who mer respect onin other age andor satus nso (The tndncy to ure ee forms adres is omly ding ot. In the Sprish-speating wer, “fas” ke ami, means paren, logs. chlor, aunts, ues, coven, afandpaens and godparen, to Eneyone heb to fake care of the children, incing cde sblngs, More sften tan inthe US, daughters and sons te at Pome unl they ms. Fan celebrations ar hence often arge—and fn RESPUESTAS 1A. 1: los hermanos de elas eronos 2. amiga de sv argo 23. nustos tos 4 Jor ables 2 osu abuso 4. Tengo cco prinas favors. 2. Vie cons res quis hermanos. 3. Nuesta lcci e nga yall 4, no os vite buenos ovens, 5 Tenemos seis omgasconsads y cotetos. 6. Sela fomiia es gronae, fate y queria. 2 Its as rine de Masico?/cEsésinvtando ote pros de Meco? 3. ,Quén eso hermana del novo? Ela es una buena amiga 4, Hoce Wes ees cv" trabajo aguToboo og hace tes aes. 5 Como son es fevortas? 6, Necesto (Tengo qu) ci6a as nos LECCION 9 LOGO compres con Dora ir en ef Suparmercodo Grande de Puerto co. Gracias por venir conmigo, Avro, Tengo mi lista we Pera von compat cms Yo nar come. Qu¢ deseas? = Deseo bistec ychuletas pero Felipe wens eat fn de come jamon, Bueno lo compro para. Vamos ahora al depatamant de 3: Aa Nay stl y scala frescos. Tenemos que comprar futas tambien Si. Yo las como todos los das. Son buenas paral sua eseas? Para mi, una caja de reas, na bol de manzanasy 668 | “s y Yan abe nade mdse carta Mucha rc porte Noes problema. Vengo comtgo ora vee. i With Dota Eira athe Grardote Superraiat in Capua, Puerto Thats for coming wth me, Aue | hve my shopping tt Forse gong mato et a a de you want? Tian[AURELIO“ | wart steak and chop.bu Philp coming ths weekend ans ELVIRA: Oka, iby fr he Now let's 9 10 the seafood section "AURELIO: Here there hesh salmon en code. Ve haves buy Nregeables and ruta. ELVIRA: Yes. | eat hem every day. Tey re goed fr yur hea. Who yu want? AURELIO: Fore, a ox ot svawbertis, a bag of ales. and that beast pmeaople [ELVIRA Noting se ts inte crt. Thanks vary much fr your ap "AURELIO: so a pecblem come wth you agin. B. PRONUNCIACION THE ALPHABET re 1 pe we > tebegone coer eo @ te 8 ose hte nde te a a moome ou i) nev vecica une trae Bete wh dableve, re cote so eek ews Rh haoke po I giege ae a0 Fm Learn the rames a the levers. When in deutt about the sping o 8 ‘wor ack the speaker: Camas escibe? The ltrs are fein, Note that ch lows 6 lls | follows and follows bath the aghabet and in ictonarylitings These digraphs are never ATION say you ls and drop you vice Is cal itoaton Bs) Wyo td chat Spiker {usualy at approumaty the same pic, exept hat you top ch athe ond. When you sek question, youate you" oie at vamos a comprar? sare we going 0 buy? 29 you wan? MATICA Y USOS PREPOSITIONS Invon oon tn theugh, for wat for toward inorder vamos «comprar ares. YOU were going to buy meats ort oud you for yourhep ace conpras con Evra a 9 shopping wth EvenPREPOSITIONAL OBJECT PRONOUNS the det ebeceroouns ar SINGLAR PLURAL you aia | te hi, you formal (ree) | 0° mt ra yu formal fem) | fo " ‘omen ot ‘5 (mace and fem) | ros ee ed forgs tratet | os people and things you formal plmase) | os fer prope ard things you (rma fer | os ‘Thece persona pronours. which are usd as objects of prpostons are the same a the abject pronouns ith the exception of mand Compan tos pra Hooy teh 106 @ hen We inte John. joa tele a We nite bin Mpc dari las morzonce? Who aling the apples Who i seng then? rage ferme ofthe preostna bjt raraurs occur wih con N OF DIRECT OBJECT PRONOUNS. witnna [conmigo st igo object pronouns immediately precede the ver in simple wi, he youth | cosa Graces por venir conmiga “Thank or coming wt me 12, DIRECT OBJECT PRONOUNS Sbjct can be atachod to an inte: “he tct jet pronoun complemento veto) takes the ple oft rect bec (he rect reopen 8a): "buy te book. oar We oe stn, Wesee hm, comprare. o buy tem, eerie oo 90g fo wre ihe seman ad St itThe ebect can precede be atached to he gorund for: Estoy expend hoe veitinco motos. The beer waling fre or erty fe mites Te keep hess one cot eae when you tach the abject. re ger yo nt tbe act a on tnd ye fom end the original pit of sess n the gaa esperanZoe ‘To any th tra person object rencune, you can use the pesora = lore the prepostonl sje! pron Estoy espero 0 1am wag fr you. Estoy esperndoe a6. 1am ang fr hen 5. THE VERB VEWiR The ver ven "come, regu forms ae EWR TOCOME ve [veo oso 2s [verinas ‘s | ven ‘osatos os | voxe 4, 4a ute lon, a | ween Felipe ven ete nde semana. __Priipis coming this week Mego ceatprerira Tm coming with you span Veron esto poche They ae coming ths evening, VOCABULARIO Iacarne de ee owt is. Pineapple seawterty orange rapes to shop supermarket shopping cart noting ee, rating mere gan 1 nota protien bog fe small boxEXAMEN A. Contesteofimotionente: Combi! sustntho subroyos 0 complements recto, (swersiemstiey. Change te undecin ‘object to an obec pronoun) eco: Compromas learn 1 Comenehleas? 2. GProparomes lsat? 3. Speneas af pescoda par ete are? 4. (Witness as? 1B. Excoja a peat na relaconads con le ora. (Chose te utes werd) ost ocala, huts cherie carne dere bacatee 1. tomete, soma, lechug,cebilo 2. cone dere, chutes, cho. camarones 3: acolo, comarones, pla atin Teneo expat 1. Tey oe coming with me today 2. Lanow tat he sling (2) 53. Yeu lamas) have Yo buy ar eat votes ery day 4: Yu fam) ae coming wth me tothe supermarket. 5, He preparing em) with us 1. Conjugue el vero ven (Cnjgat the verb vere) 1. Nosotros (ren oo excel tos io a. 2. El (en) al estowante 0 desoynar 3. Els vent) con nosotros 4 Tu (ens) 0 Meno cad verano? 5. a, yo no (een a Mexico tds los vernos | CULTURALES, to encounter a vate of ther names for the foods sted eval, the common wad forthe angen Pert Rd is hia, jo most common in eter Spann speaing cours. Alo, 2 of Tre and vapetabes are ot aualy seer nthe United tice pltona Plantain choy guybo + gua feet! pgs eee sugarcane chirmoyo——chrinoja sruicacus —_guineo sweet Baran ‘amen 2S, preparamos 3. Slo deeo para ena tarde tomas. 2eeamorones 3. pole es venen/estin viens conmigo hoy. 2. Sé qu lo vendeests '3.Tenes que comorar y comer verduas tds ls is ienessts vinerdo conmigo a sypemercad. 5. E10 ests preporanie con rosa 2 vlan 3. ene 4, vanes 5. vegeYe man. There's a lot of good quent ere. Weald you him someting special? Hee re Some clr teeiion ets Isa rew vices recorder LECCION 10 IEZ Toy seem expenive (oe)! Do you have seo 7 Me tell me hes neresed i modern musi. A, DIALOGO “Tats good. The other sleapeapl say that he young Enel seprtarent de eporatos electrical Alnactn Todo de 80, ke ths compact ce play We sling many oft made Colombia. | dont knw fe he coma ies. Maybe i he SEHORA MARTINEZ: Buenas ardor. Deseo comprar ago expec! saa x jradio/cassette player or a record player Wot doubt 2 acio/cssette layers bater than a record ee ar atone ac We neve stereo atolassot players This model i porate, gustria dari alge expecal? Aqui hay unos tnlevzores de colores, 1 tata es una nusre video-orabedors. 'SERORA MARTINEZ: Me parecen carosl Hay equipes de sonido? te pec mae ra ire ‘ice que einteresa in musica moderna, Goode ae gjvng you a one-year guarantee. Your rephew VENDEDOR: Sis. los toe vendedores dicen que los oven es to he a ‘gusta este aparato de discos compactes. Estamos vendiende muchos de ert modeo, INCIACION SSERORA MARTINEZ: No 262 ¢! ene discos compacton Tal vr le ava un raci-cansete para cintas 0 un tocdincos \VENDEDOR: Sn dda un radincasete es mejor que un tocadncos, “Tenomos ralo-casetesextereténicos Este modelo es pot sambisn teeny in Spanish, 2s note languages, jan the vowel one word a the vowel Begin he exe wor as oe ound eld “inking” since 'SERORA MARTINEZ: (i! Exo me gueta Voy compravo. ra ahora ut e? VENDEDOR: Guero! Le demos Ud. una guratia de un afo. As sobrng le vaa guster mucho te nen word begin wih erent vom hey appear tobe in speech Inte electors depart the Todo department str in Boot MRS. MARTINEZ: Helo, want to buy someting speci for my neat‘Asin phenomenom acces wth a fia consonant flamed iy « ‘ome! begining to nest wor amigo lasTaguae x ermana sera ania Emig C. GRAMATICA Y USOS ‘THE INDIRECT OBJECT AND INDIRECT OBJECT PRONOUNS “he net objets he utirate recipient ofan acon; most often ‘ees te people nthe Erg sentence“ give te rach thn" "ohne mdrect jet ery on the indirect eben Engh s precede bythe word." However, that sare sentence may be tet hs“ ge Jon he radio” By puting the inet oes ‘fore the det ebect you elmnate te wor Yo" ‘he Indirect eject pronoun substues forthe nect objet one sentence giveth ado hm "him" the indvet obec prone, “he fem of the Spanish nde objec pronoun are Ike he dre? ject pronouns, excep fr the tired pesos sng a pura: tofor me too ou aii) tofor you forma). im he (2a, 0 Us) toferie yes (aarp) fof yu ermal pl}, them ase fem) (as, ee « Us) Tageeg he incr bjt xorours ae postoned jst ke the Set obec le siempre me eserbe ‘She aleaye west me eerie, ling us the raos fe andes can hve sara nearing they are usualy claied i nd the proportional cbc ponaun AND VERBS LIKE IT gustav Sparish isthe equivalent ofthe English ver “to Hers meaning i "oe pleasing te someone” Thus ke the Engieh equivalent t he Sparishsouctre Thera tome" The sbjat of the Spanish sertnce the tings) sgraon becomes an inde ajo (oe) star teeore oly ead inte forms gusto for ting ene gustan fo tkng several ings), To atk ore close Wend oe if the fe something, ou ae te inst cjet "0 ls Video-orabadorn? Ta the wide recede? (he vdeo recorder leasing 10 yu) ke (0 ot) he we ecoder—requres the use of object me "10m" a video robo ike te evo, geste videograbodor. Tort ike the vide recardeIf yu aka person whom you adress a8 Ud 6 fe, “Do you the Spanish songs?" you ue the rect coor Le gustan a Us. as canciones espaolas? ‘Shoe fe an mean “to yous to mt es the aU. (at necessary, 2. ala) defines to whom he le rer. This exampc has a pla subject canciones, whch rues the plural ver, gusten, Win tours ‘third person plurals (Us els, ls) ae the werd los and he escpnes 0 Ls, ls ells) a necessary Les gustan lls los aparatoselcténios nuevos? Do the ke the raw elecroneappiances? Note that the desrnive ajectine may come atthe very begining ot the sentence orate the ver guar ora the ed ofthe semen to ‘ty "we the" you use nos gust the descriptive a noses can be sed fr emshasis, ‘A nosotros nos gustan ls radioe madernos We the modern aon Anater vero maybe used ser gusto to ell wha ane Hest do: Me gusta tos concertos Tike to gt concert Note that in he logue the salesman used the form gusta Le gustaria darle algo especial "Youd he to ge him someting special Keep in mind hat gustav anaes 35% Used, as n Eras for polteness' Compare wou he. and is Le usta dare aig expecta. "You ef ge him someting special. Le gustaria dal algo esperia "Youd Ike to give hi srething sect, Caner vere atid eestor he gustan ‘ola toi foe to be interested to appeal to fate ool ner. ‘She lacks money. (Mees aking to het) encore la isico madera! Terjoy modern muse! ace fe un ero We ck car They see important Intereson otros? Do he books rarest you? THE VERBS DAR AND DECIR Both of these vers are iraq inthe prvet tense ox TOavE ear TosAy [en wae Hale to | ates Ut, | ee sale =, teeoros 2 | eos ‘esate 0s | cece i, lo, eos | aon Use lor | en otBoth ofthese verb ake net objects, and hu nde cect roneans: Le doy ue grabadore poo cits 9 vena. "im ging case recerder to uae Nes aon muchos regain They ge many its Le igo a vended ave porece coro. Tim teling the salesran tat Seems expensive. Dicen que este model e ! mej. “They sy thats moc ste best Note tat Sera Martine used the conditna form? of aor dr he gusto, abo) Tove dori un rdncossete pare cits Maybe give (woud ge) him aradoeassete player Herth form, lng ith a ez, Shows that Sera Martinez is ‘coradeing buying a adileassete Payer VOCABULARIO gusts thes and ste, ates gusta to be pleasing to (oe) [os venes les puta cate Te young paope ike his mel modelo ‘Au sbring leva a gusta ‘Your nage is ging ok ot Me gusta mucho este modelo. ke this model aot ‘Reta le gustan 0s. ‘he hes those interes to meres Me iteresa ol equipo de Frm ineected in deo eae. to seem, appear expense to sem appear cheap Ie appears meder tome. fecwone equim event cr televion set deo equpment ee ‘racine Gh gener) orm 2 ring mtn) ssc equipment sound (ruse) eure steropharic stereo sero equipment conpact die compact se player rode ‘adalcassete player cassette tape ecard player case recorder lousepeskes pare ‘guaranece tw eioy specal to lack to lack nou cobEXAMEN A Contest la pregunta en oro orca completa usando la pit. soos: Les decimoe la verdad? feemare) ‘Sempre les deines i vera 1. Excibo tanto rocones Highs come sto pote relaconando una se lacounna Acon una o mas de la columna B. (Wie ct a many lope! samances as possible matching are rom Coun A wth ono noe fom Catinn 8) ‘cOWUMNA A coumna a 1 Me gato 2 2 gleouton > 3. Te gusto e 4. Nor gusto 4 5 cles gusto F 6 leases ' 7 Me gustan 8 8 cTeguste h Tocca of expotat 1 We ae ging te aplances to he 2 Shetas te Beata De cess 3. What ae you fam. #9) sing? 4: Ar thy (nase) rested baying a rao? ‘5. Weare ahing them (lem. pl he apes 6. The CO ply to expensive 7 Lenjoy modern misc 8. needa eae television, 9. fling her dort nave ane. 1 ee gute 0 no le gota?) 2, Dion Ut. que el tetrior ex coo? fl) 3. Que le do 0a? (na grant) 4. GPor qué veel oto? fate Hempo) lee conisor e clr az, 1a mqui os? 1 eles trabjr ls domingos? rad cassette. ler rues racoe? Udo ators words: ‘CULTURALES and electronic applances wae ingore ito Spain and most of and thus were qe expensive, an heal are. Spain, & 1 the EU, and in te large sndutalcerters of Latin Area, | corporations and domestic ndutes Rave establehed fact. now pode apples at more affordable pres, alough on ¢ scale. Furthermore, tho EU's ate o estaba re rade and have reduced the impor tax burden ras me gust. 2 i, decnos que el televeor es cor. 3.12 doy 06! ia 4, Le fata a ole Yeon. 2; 3 0M; Sale: Gels 7-0 a amos los oparioso el 2. A ela te gst vsti boo y 3: £QU6 dices?) Que eos dcendo? 4. Les interese a eos lunrodo? 6, Les canes a elo os ines & apr de ompactose: muy cr, T- Me encanta 1 misca made na. Pecesio una teevn[untleuisro coors 9. Le igo a ol io tengo dinero 10. Le doy uno vdeo grabs ami mame ‘SEGUNDO REPASO uevamente fo oracin vsando el nuevo eto en porte the sentence using the new soject in parentheses) Conprensen ect. 1) ‘Comprendes cin cribs en espoto!? (ite) Sobemos i rectn de hotel. (10) Vines en Meri. le) oy © comprr panties (2) eur eso eas? (¥07) lo craton con una expresio ics usando “tener* (Comet strence wih alogil exresson wing tener) La case comienza en dos mists tengo para legororise2 ‘Morane hoy un exomen inprtante; nostro amon a comprr abiga poraue No esty bin en os braaoe Si dory dor son evo Ud Traduzca o espe inp heen good fiends your (ate pl) aus ores woman 23 good man ‘my brobers ton chron and my ster ees and nephews ‘They hve Deen here foto wes. espondo wardo ls prorombresarecosy ls palabras en parents Atewer xing eect ject renouns athe werd parenthess) ooo: ue hore vor? fa os es) 2 5 eseondo con 3 on no ye verbo gustan, (rower wth no nd Quin noe esenbe? fle ts) Que te hace fate? fi tempo) tn tas compra? (Rann) ‘vdndo oor? flo neve) {un ioe vende? fl herons) the ve str) oos.o: ee gusta webeo? 51 ro ro) me gust eto. eles guta erate @ Pepe y Gabi? {Te gustan ls coat oe Seda? ue gusto ove hacer eres? hos guten kes feos de Evie y Ana? Les gustan a eles fs blsos ce moda? le tatentes recone, (arate the folowing sentences) ong tie since weve Been together twice 9 week fare you dog Sincay? rg because ted esiben en espates?/.Eecbn Ute. en expat? 2, Yo sla el hotel 3 Elo vive en Menica. 4. El v0 @ conor pn 1. Estoy yo de moda? iq 2 fereros Wo 3. tengo dolores 4. nee razsin quince bveros amigos 2. ness oles 3. 8 tas tas de ia rc muer 5. buen hare. loser jos de mi he yes Sotries de mi hermana 7. Hace des semanas que etn {Esra hace dos semanas ti ras exciton. 2. Mo hae fe) Yempo/El tempo me ats. 3. Roman os compre 4. Lo abren ols mee. 5 as her 12s oe vencen les puso (Na, 0 es gusto) a ado @ Pepe y Godin, 2. Si me 7 (Ne no me gator) ioe corbatos de sede. % ie gust Po segue) hacer geri @ Jot 4, Si oe guston (No na ns us es fais ce Enrique y Ana. 5. Sex guano lis (Ms, a les ees) fs uror de modo ‘Hace mucho terpo gve mo estos juts. 2. Yo hago ecco PECs por Semana, 3. 40ut var o hove el daninga? 4 Estoy des LECTURA | youre ready to practice your reading sie! While ned youve been the dloques the four LECTURA passges offer you the cance reading = yo would read 2 newpaper ate or ey Fst rend each passage without refering ote accompanying ocala) Ty to understand the main den an the main pint, sing te of any new word om the contest or rom hr sires tongs, Dont wor i= passage aun ong of you dont knw each ord you can go back an reread hacking the vocabulary atest lear The eal meaning of the new words and phates Now let bop LA WOA DE PAR ROIAS Meta Pilar oj y tengo wnt wes Soy de Cuba y ahora estoy vivid on Mian con maria ms pares ms Reman mis Mera, tm ta Soi, y me abvle-lor pares emi maar. 5 8 pales ths pos abi sven en Mia en ua asa my cer. Tengo unce Parente on sea Yr’ y vy vistas en dienbr. weebar VOCABULARIO P a - 8 9 hermano unos paints Nea York Voy a vos. ta ploye radars (nor) biomes fia) ‘gomes 0 web! “aoraye trabajo en un almcan Me gusta ete abo porque ety muy ocepada crane todo el da Hay sangre mucha gere nel imacen {ne gutta abr Cuando no estoy eaten me gst lero 8 Ia pay? con unos amigas Todo mundo va aa pay en oe Aes ‘se semana Narn bebemos,comemos balamen” games a | Maradlos! So ce buen Serpe ey nese lea ecco (ne doe compact exribo unas rts o hale con mi fami. younger rte New ore Im gong to ve them ‘we svi osm) we dance (0 dance) ‘we pay vey ; LECCION 11 B20 ens vesrhimanes_ ssn af ss lALoco Feo en Jo Hocienda ‘Maya de Antigua, Gvatemata, Buenas tare, stor sAlmuerza Us?” 35: Si seria. Puede ver el mend? cCusl es a La especialisad de a cata es gallon chicha con ensl 1 Hijolesreitos. La Sopa del ae pure de male. Todo huele muy ben. pero no tengo mucha hambre. Me lasopa Basa ¥ spat bar? pay vo Wonca va ae, gos de tas y baton, Un bots de gaseosa. Se puede fumar aqui? No veo No seo. Eta sacclon es de no fumar Vuelo en seguida. | }EARLOS: Seto, por favor, un ea y Ia cuenta La comida y io son exelentenWAITRESS: The house speci i chicken cooked in de wha tosses salad and refied beans. Today's soup I cream of cor gee, but the regular persona ending is added. When the {Sot on the radia syle, ten the oa maltaied ot anc nd persons lara Other verbs Ihe poder nue {WAN CARLOS: Evrthing sms cos, bt im not eo hungry I be WATTRESS: Ys, si And wo dik? Tere is whe wine, ed wi, ber a [sles and ills Cece [NAN CARLOS: A bot of carbonated mineral water. is song permits wde hee? doit see sign to stow WAITRESS: No, sc This no-smoking section. ibe right back. omar ure sop. [An hour an aha Iter |WIN CARLOS: Mis, cup of exe and hel please. The food an he venice are excel B. GRAMATICA Y USOS 14. RADICAL CHANGING O>UE VERBS. Remeber hat an infive (for example, olor "sea ach) made up of two parts the rota the radial flor) and the Inia ending (or There area rumber of -or ander verbs in whch ‘he radia! or fet vowel changes when ts seseed. One ofthe ee oe ee lea-changngo>ve verb wil be nated nthe vocabulary ts folons: per (o>ve! PODER TOBE ABLETO IMPERSONAL Se | pmo roses. | padones re = Sa lrpesona pronoun sis ved with he tr parson singular of the us, a | pode 5 os fs | pcr to requestor sate nlernation In Engh, the personal sojec you/popleiney 294 8 that the sre falls on the rail yabe ail forms ofthe oe e Jong here. (One/People do not smoke here) Singular and the bid person pra nti cave, the tessa vows! ues ver. say that Ris oe.‘Se puede hacer "You cn 30% 2, THE VERBS VER AND OLER ‘These yrs ae aga Nts Poneto nor ranges oho vnten tne Sess fats onthe acl slate, ke te o>ue Webs above ven rose oun [= » to | se vos | vemes cin vt er ses es No veo un av. dont se a in. ‘We dost see a ecaurant nhs see, Tod hel muy bin veryng mele vary ooo. Otemos cig deliso "We rel seething deus. VOCABULARIO. st resaurane restaurant fe eleme satoner yoswen rece oe ion to eatineh Cant see he menu? Eveything sal pod. to berry vo bene to take 0 crn, to eat What ae you ering? to have an aloha erik aly special chicken Chicken cooked ner refed beans tossed saad soup ofthe day com purée house speciy rns sate wine ner ‘aonate mineral water ces rkaker cote son to seep 10 fn to meet ecclent to smoke oea ela ge a forme corecto dee verbs very ole Ce coe ie, ‘Yo po (re) muy blo eno oxen. uel en seguida ‘ibe ght bc ea (le nce |U® ustedes (le) son os oes refit. E (Ben a mond an mses. (or) os novels todo ee EXAMEN J fay Jovi oer) mat [A Contest fo pregunta en uno erin completa sande pit. one Te gut ete resturnte? (8) ‘Se gta ete resturant pres. beats (el desoyuo) i usualy eaten between 8:00 Anand isa ight meal Sometimes people have a ght crock un bococlilo—uhicn also ean sandwich} beret teak at around $1.00 At home orn vestauraMnch a between 12:30 and 200 pt. and can ast for wo hou fa ea ofthe day (o comida). Dre, lo ceo, sights mea, 1800 rs unt ate. Corn and cern Four products we fad ea Censl Ameria and ener Latin Amercan counts and are Tunehtme nd dimer ce reco? fe) Jeet tore Ul cane mer? fn Bano) SBorce omer 3 rvs) Scone xe sevice? fecal) ‘Teme mci honbre? 6 18 Escba una neve oroin undo! set ene porte one: cQue vs? Ue) ue ven Wis? 4: Yoranas mnie a meer Re ee 2. Eee cvesta mucho. 6505) se 3. cA que ra lnormos? (U2) 4. Bs ven ova (1), 5 eserawele en sequide. 2. Eos cueston mucho. 3 cA qué uta aige, (Nosoos) 74, Ta ves ovo. 5. Nests clemes age me much. 2. Se neces desanea tes os dice 3. Se Ben anu. Se ce gue es fil 5. Se puede vere mend?” 0 veo muy bien ena oscuro. 2. El catt hace 10. Lo gue Dnslen son fos oles refit. 5. No veo bene! mend i 5. Nosotros vemos os novel todos os das Tay ver mal 7. es lo que Neste, Oscar? Trasrea ol espana usando 8 nparsonal. (asl nto Spans sing he srersoral se) ooo: Tey work Roa here ‘aul se trabajo macho. People ep 2 You need ores every day One eats wel hee They sy ais ay,LECCION 12 pert can you cal agin? Oe ey dot. POR TELEFON. Making aphove call anawer = Al gh cc ringing no A. DIALOGO or telfona de Nueve Yor 2 Buenos Ares, Argentina. JATICA Y USOS {JAVIER i, operadra, quero hacer una lamada internacional person, ‘CHANGING E>/E VERS vt persona por eabrar# Buenos Aires, Argetina. 0p of racicalhanging vrs COPERADORA: cCon guién quiere Ud hablar? : those hat change te {AMIER: Quiero hablar con mi esposs, ln Sehora Gil El bdigo ce = Pesan TO TN "eidad or treinny set, tlfono es el tre, noventa y tes P Sesenta y cnc, ochenta y sete a. soso, [persons ima vosores a5 | pense COPERADORA: Muy ben, efi Momento... Lo siento, 2ehor. Pens ft | poe SS fue nine internacional eta oeupada. Voy aftetar comunity Setvamente El lafono ets tocando... No atienden. shor 1avieR: Por favor, operadora,2te puede vaver lamar? A menudo 0 ‘slenden inmediatamente ea Ce sametig) to think of to have an opinion of (someone, smathing) COPERADORA: Bueno, sf Esta sonando ahora Catiog rom New York o Buenos Ares, gpntina. {AvtER: You, operate, | want to ake a calc irternational cal person ‘pon to Buencs Aes, geri. {96 me Something t think ‘OPERATOR: Vth whom do you wan to speak? ng tink abut. imi omiga Mare {AVTER: wack to speak to ny fe, Mrs. Gi The ty code fs 37 anh ener " na about my rer Mata, telephone numbers 393-6587. ora? OPERATOR: Very wel st. Ore moment... sr i hnk tat 40 you thin of the book? ircratona in busy. Pry tel once apa. Te hoe firing. Tere iso ans‘These ratcak changing verbs wil be nated nthe vocab by vo oF more adverbs we used tage, only the pl enehae te "iene" folowing te inne ending Cher ver he penser ce: igen, pay efciertemene pra to-anrer (one, oot 1 tend gery, auch, en efter, contender to understand = ie Be scene = ae ni eo es ae meh dome ire coer aoe ime ern Emme eh ‘orton = oc as at oo wat call Mare ssi ‘nara sento Tet cad ro Berea aes ose my phone nanbe: Plercensemore m nimero de eon, aenden inmeditonent, They alays lose my shoe number ont answer immediately de comer ater extng ADVERBS Many English adver ae aay recognized by the ending “y" 8 ‘Spanish adverbial eng leet e's added to asectves onda © 2 consonant othe femnine frm 2) ef actives 0 an 106 fale of any adjective: ‘ermal > nermainerte rerraiy ey here ucia > mievrente once aga ‘oid > rpomente rapily ovis ocupo, lemeato > nmedatomente ‘medatoy isa sy snecente > Facventenente requenty13. OTHER QUESTION WORDS WITH 2QUIEN? Use Con itn. ? forth whan on asin gure Ue obi? ‘Wits wha do you watt speak? Use 2A quitn 7400 -To won” Ain 0s 2 amar? Whom are you going to cal? se ePora uit? or For whom?" Pera gun es mode? For whom thecal? Us dDe quien? for “Whose?” er OF whom?” ee aun eso abigo? ‘Whose coats 4? cperater cole call long stance eal Intraters person to peson Theine ie buey Can you caagain? lw wham do you want speak? telephone boot wrong number Jets moment One moment to telepnone tomate acl 10 ng ‘0 anoner (phone, doe) 10 betalang onthe phone to ve biny to hangup Wa wom am | speking? totes srt msn to understana {we hh ana jrmmnelsere) to nave an opinion of (sere sting) 16 do someting again once again ‘hen lnmeatelyEXAMEN =| 'A. Contest a prgunta on une orecion compat vsondo apt oven: Qué hace ela? oterder toro) Ee esense elton, Gut gui hacer? (uno Nomad interacana) {Que nimere norco? fe! 662.9558) £2Qve pase cn nea? esta ecupade) {2d ero celge dla ciudad? (et 155) ‘Con gun gure Us abl? fon fe eats Gonz) 1. Rexpondo core! verbo ono forme acecids. (Gve the appropiie fermot the vera) occ: Yo 0 tltono desputs de hablo clgrcueloo 1. Yolo (ont 2 fn auito 10? (pensar) 3. Ela teetonearnes. fever) 4 cQuitnes ef teono? frente) 5. Jorge y yoo mucho (ent) © Trace 0 espanol. 1. Wah whom do you want to speak? 2. Wie want od he wark nme 53. The operator says hat i's a mernationa al 4 Wat os his mean? 5. The phone isl ging 6m panging up nom. 1. Conerta os eetios en adverbes. ooo: Normal vy 0 supermercado ls nes Nomoimente vey e supermerodo ls lanes 1, Quer ave vengos (amedito 2) Contato et elon (pi). y Spaish-speatng courey has tleshone sytem, relabity rom country Yo coury and even rom ty oy An i he yes. el pone use has sare, nparturn counties ich a8 and Colorba ln part because of teach of fredine phone in nurters fe usualy given in groups of tens when thee r= {ogetar. they ae given wh the fst dg starcng sone 329 TS used most often Cie and Argentina to say “elo” onthe ight so se an hear he flown Bueno (ge. game. ana Uruguay Hot Puerto ies go ‘Aver eve hbo? acer ua fomade internacional 2. Moco ele seventy teint y cco, cuenta y acho, 3. La linea ext ocupado. 4 1 (elo cud es el cles cncuenta y cen. 5. Ques habiar con Conca so 2. penses 3. quire 4 tenden 5. sertinos. aun quiere Ud. hablar? 2 Quremos hace lee Ue ergasinmelotomente. 2 Contest leona ne. 3. Nesovesvomos al porve ecentament, 4 Javier 4 trabajo eietemerte. 5. Consvls Jee omainerte vees simple, understated Jewelry. Tat siver bracelets very fi appease ery much How much ae you asking? LECCION 13 EN LALOYERIA. At the ony wore Do you know that wee having a spacial ae this Wook? Were ng 25% ciscsurt on he pie 9, A, DIALOGO Hom wonderful take i Can pay with 2 ere car? {no jooriaTledon de Toes, Espo OF couse. wrap ELENA: Buanos dia, sehor Jen qué puedo serie? Bey gcicsat yu 4 GERMAN: Verge « comprare un plsera ami expos para su seer MATICA Y USOS .L-CHANGING E>1 VERBS ELENA: cDesea una pultera de ora, de plat ode dlamantes? GERMAN: No 2 nada de joyas, pero conozco Blan ami expose. A el Te gustan ls joys simples, no ostentsas Esa plsera de plata ee grou trae! changing verb are verb in which the ‘muy preciosa Me apetece mucha. 4e) imped (>) pedi >) shopong How ean nla you? ve come to 67 May 500? How mucn ae you aking? Ieappeas to me a great dea handsome, precious: beaut ueramete lo rain vson el nuevo seta en parents the sertece wang he new sujet nprernes) beast fo puseo. i) oxteratous tees la pulser. simple take & suo. (6) Can pay with eet cae? rune rebs. (estos) inkormacién. tw pay cash il oro manana? (Tu) icons Teco re eo! 06) a. a orocisn usando “saber” o “conocer® ‘She knows how speck Spanish, eas eas Boe tr por speci sale rom te adress of he hoe 18 kan fo be acted wih, 12 to kn to kw howto eo Mary very we Is acqueited wth your aunt and ure 1p yeu (ail) tow how ore? ‘She knows ow to Wanlate oo fee Se lett Gon rece eeeems a en wenn Sra {Seng How can! hlp you, madam? an pay with crest cw?1D. Uae ol verbo conection ls sipuenesorcones Ye frou documentos paral Nedones Unio. Me (oecer an precio boon faye porque mi hermano eo ‘gererte Ti te (precer as mone, ena sempre (ec overdo Sevier y Eta (reduc) pals de ter Mi esposa yy foqrodece su presencia en nuesva Nt. NOTAS CULTURALES ‘ne of the most glieus cies in Spi, Tle, nas aay been ing center of care Locata about 50 mis auth of Madi te p {lof the Castilla Mancha region. Christan, Ara, and Jews hed ere togetber harmony dung medel Snes Gees, the ga of Spann Golden Age ar, worked here, ar today you can vit is Pome, whi ‘miseum, Taleo it «Spans national monument, You can een ar sb Toledo st ts website wrayer RESPUESTAS 1 1 conozco 2. orecenes 3 pide 4. sires roduzc, '. 1. Sobemos fo dreccibn del he. 2 Canasca may ben @ Mor, 3, Ee conoce@ 218 tos. 4. eSabescondic? 5, Ela sabe tradacir ©. 1 1Qué bien! 2 No et nace 3. Como no! 4, .En gut puede ser sora? 8 Puede pagan ut tare de eedto? 1.1. Yo taduzco ebcumentes poral Necones Unio. 2. Me ofrecer ut reco bjs en la fyeria porave mi hermano el gerenie 3.7 Doreces atu mana 4. Elena siempre del vert. 5 lave y Ereo prodicen plilos de terror 6. expose y yo opadecemOs eu presen en nesta esta, LECCION 14 no a U8. en quince ICO: Si Us. me la deja ahora {Sale Us ahora, 0 busen otra cosa? No, ne slge.Debo escape vros otos productos :Qué anda Ud. para un restiao? ICO: Ud. puede elegir entre ar mares de arabe pare a © pats para la tos. Sie enfermo tambien Heme ebe. mente escogeasprna sos productos est en secon Sa. hia recanted ICO: Un buen ansdcido protege el estomage stn en a tees, cNecesita algo mis? Si Dende se vende exmate para ie utes? 1CO: Est en a secon de commis an entrada de Ia Nuracin Pharmacy In Guadaljara, Mes. PE: Good merring.| have a prescripon ram my doctor. | ned it S200 3s posible IST you lave th me now or you in cen ‘Ne yu ening naw, ae you ooking fr something ese?GUADALUPE: No, mnt lensing ave to gether products. Wha do you recommend fo! a cold? PHARMACIST: You cn select rom among the brands of cough syrup or ‘cough drops te sk person seo has ever elahe uly hose, ‘Spr Tose product wen Secon en GUADALUPE: Five, And ry daughter nec an atc PHARMACIST: A good artacia protec he stomach They in secon tee. Do you ned someting ee? (GUADALUPE: Ys. Where co you sel ral posh? PHARMACIST: ks nthe coxa acto the errance tothe pharmacy B. GRAMATICA Y USOS 4. DOUBLE oBsecr PRONOUNS. We have seen he use of India rect ad ndac bec ron nc ther posing in retences tis posse to we bth kno ‘hie proneuns gener none srt, We give the money tothe pharmacst. We ge ito him. Whereas in English he word order is “erect object pronoun” + dies ‘object rena (Ste gg it me) Spanish ti the ore ay frou “ince object promo” + “ect objet pono? Ela me a dea ahora When you ute the id perzan net bet pronouns es) in canjci with 2d psn det at ran, he ede ce ‘pronoun changes tthe frm se: Yo seo eno o Ut en guince mines ‘fa for you In een mits. epee to indrect bet ean, Ie a nec bec Dy 2 = the pepostoalebject pros euhl object pronouns normaly precede the conjugate verb a2 arate wort, they can ao be atached tthe ered of te 1 tothe end ofthe gerund anc hen frm one word with (or Ns is esta gordo) ng then ou. 2s: (e Tes quer dor) 0 ve them 9 you. accent mark must be placed onthe xgnal point of sess or gens: sindonsis, tees [ENDING IN -GER AND -GiR ahich erin -ger and change the gto before the-o of yo ye ao poo fe sca: 1 olges 4 elo scope Us, dhe age Ses ergemas esos depos es ‘esata 3s ees oles ecogen sees eos slg for ver wit a racele change «to een. mer he esoge excoge opie. aly chooses asoUn buen antic protege el etomago, ‘good antacid pores the stomach. igen buenos productos. They sect good reduce 3. THE VERB SALIR “The ver slr (to leave to g oti vegan the yo om AUR TOLEWE jo ae sores -05 sais uso a tole se es es tas Sle Salmes de ago iporent. Were leaving hare uy Soln pare Nueva York moons “They a leaving for New York taro, Salo est ode Ti going out the aheroon VOCABULARIO a farmecia pharmacy farmactutic, 2 prarmacit receta prescgton tecetar to presobe io metico aecor ieee tol Mow Manan una acta toil a prescription retriedo ola coh cough sp cough op soi rte al gosh * produc brand rae) to gve, dave tolewve to choose ve protect, to elec. elect (tt) brah bandages aganct ng suly several a soon as prsile De you need someting ve?EXAMEN ‘A. Contest a pregunta en una orocién complet usando apt ooo: Que Here? fra to cnstnte) 1 Cobndo sole Us? fo mas pronto pose) 2 Laue excage 6 (um buen antioce) 13. Cave ta ela para oft? fosprne) 4. gDonce estan os patio poral to? als eto io tarmac) Que te recomiende el mécco? (Jobe por a1) 3. Afoda ls rorombres de complements en partes a as raion. (#03 te object pronouns in preter fo he sentences) eoe: Yan @ compre. (os) Yan a conprimaso, 5 als earoge mate tl 2 Ela a venden alan (e) 3. Qulren compra (ns) 4 Yon @ entrap (os. 1) 5. Entamos recon. tos) © Escibo on esparo, 1. Say tat you ate cheating a cough orp. 2. Askwnen yur Wend wil deer hem (asc: pt) to you la sn) 3. Say that you are buying him an antacid Yo protect i stomach, 4. Abk when the pharmactt can fe he preszitonfo you, 5. Say that you dot know which rans to buy NOTAS CULTURALES The Latin American pharma spermited to ave snp nections: sch 25 alergy shot, a shote often not under the most hygiene occu tancet—and he/she acs asa doctor in prescibing medications, Aner ‘ype of pharmacy La Amerca andthe Carbbean the otic. where srs of herbs are sold ocr lresses, ad where one can cas rod elated to popula spi lions sich asthe Ako-Carbbean sorte Because may Latin Amereans do not have medi insurance an carat regular iss to ther doctor, they often sltmediatec se phrra. as “petmnary'cocers Pharmacie many tines pescibetegaly oF legally—at sorts of meiatons and weatrents They may ala give n= a advice, physical therapy and Pemeopate weatmers, You ca fic macieson almost every block lt the dountoun section (el con) of yin ata Ameria ESTAS 4. Saigo lo mds pronto posible. 2. escoge un buen antici. 3, a toma espina pora la ere. 4 Los pasties paral os extn & la enrads de a formeci. 5. | méseo me recomend un jrabe pore ots 4. Yo elo enrego mafona. 2. Eos sa verden oan. 3. Quieren ‘amprarosta isla quieren comprar 4, Vana enregarroslohes on @ entegr 5. Estamos recetancoeos Tels estamonrecxtrd. 1. Estoy escogiendo un fre poral oe. /Ecoo un jr pare tos. 2. Cuando ves @enregsrels? 3 Estoy compréndole wn ‘onc para protege extamago. 4 Cuda punteTendrmel el Formoceuica? 5. No 8 gue marea comprar veLECCION 15 ACTIVONDES DIARIAS._ Daly Acti. A, DIALOGO (A levantarse! Son ks inca dele mote en Guodarame, spate. Tse esprtaoe JUL: hy 8 uit ANTONIA: Qué dices? ut hora es? UL: Son las cnco. Me levanto ahora y me bat ANTONIA: Pato, gpor qué? 2A esta hora temprana dela mahana? JUL: Comianzs Noy ! ruevohoraro de trabajo, Voy a reunirme« ‘el nunvo jl alae sete y media: Desayunamos juntos. Me pongo ‘ltraje azul ANTONIA: 2¥ como se lama ty nuevo jle? UL: Se tama Diego Rodriguer-Lipes. Vamos vemos todos lt martes ala misma hor. ANTONIA: [Nolo psd creer, ns sete y medial No eas 2 ‘scostmbrar a trabajar ests Iargas Moras, Vasa enfermare JULIO: (Qué va, Antonia Nosotros nos cuidanos mucho. Comemos bien, hicomor eerion Talo sabes, ANTONIA: Yo sis una cosa: que dees encontzarte oto puesto, Get up Fie otdockin he maring in Guadarams, Spain The arm cock ngs JUL10: 0h, Pow ni ANTONIA: what ae you saying? What ine ie? Its oock. im geting up now and im bathing. A: But wn ati ery Nour tthe morning? The new werk schedule begins today. in ging to meet with te oss at seventy: we'e having bests ogee I'm puting my bue suit Whats your en boss name? Henne & Deo Roig iver We've ng tse exch cher essay a the ame te cant ble tt seven thy You wei get usd to werking eng hours. You'l ge sie Nensonse. Anton! We take cae of curses. We eat well and we "You knw tt, = do know one hing you shoul fin another ob \MATICA Y USOS. REFLEXIVE VERB. ebsve vero shows hatte subject oan acon i as the bjet et) ofthat same acter. The action Iter “reflec” back. Tis re essen Engh, but used ony for emphasis: * i to (myst isa reve object proroun),Refee vros te inated bythe reflenve prone se atached te or-infinve,wricn dstaguhes the reese fom tom the ive frm of that same iin. Compare the verbs evant Mirae” and lerontase, “to getup” ("a get nea).‘Many ities nave both nnrexe and afleveforme with difere reming fer example lve (0 wash) and verse (o wash nese) Lo.mae love ohio “Te mate wases the ci La made se ov los moos “The mother washes ner hans In Leciin 4 we saw the citrence between gona ar) and ‘ganarse inthe imate expression gororas lo wd (ea Ig) ‘le. gone mucho o aot ‘She ear ak pty ate gorse vic. Tee narsto ear ng 2. THE REFLEXIVE OBJECT PRONOUNS: “Toconjignte the relleve verb you must row there objec. ronauns, Tey are alex fart you om Your sty of other ‘9pes of objet pronouns me | meet © | yoursot Gama 3) ce | ers te, youre formal) ror | curses ce | ania pl) [52 | thomsahes yursetes foal) omar @ barra abo "We ate going to bathe (ousohes) row. Qutres panerte un subir? ‘Do you want t put on a sweater? etenve object pronouns are poetened just he te det and inde ‘hj pronouns Ina sertance wih cer cet pronouns he ode tee object + indrect jet + ect obec. 50 15 pore tosis ei ‘Se wears them every dy Sometimes, relive object pronouns are used spl for emphasis: erconvarte or puesto You shoul (youre) ater job i como toe "im going to ea tal up (mse, ‘THE RECIPROCAL OBJECT PRONOUNS. ‘Arecprcal verb expestes a mutual action orlatosh ‘ecprocal pronoun Thus n Engl Sains We love each her, They weitere another In Spare, he refleve pronouns se and nos can have he epoca meanings ‘een otra “oe acthe” seven ts? Wien do yu se each ene? 050s vemos fads los mare. Wo ee one another evry Tuesday For clarification, the expression uno ol ate a una leer ean be sed 08 vemos un al eto todos os artes. We sec ere anater evry Tuesday,44. THE VERBS LLAMAR AND LLAMARSE The ve Hamar means" cl Yoon por tetera Teall him by tpn “The vet lomarse means to be ead tobe ames” Ci se fama U8? Whats yur nae? (How do you call yous) Ma tome Peo Myra Peto (call myself Pesto) '5. THE VERBS PONER AND PONERSE “Te vero poner (putt lace) regular poner 10 PUT oe ras as [parenss a | pes ‘eens | pons pore Use, ees ls | paren 4 exejaen 1 bose ‘She's puting the mir in th ba, “The rfl farm, ponerse, meas “to ut on (thing). * Me pongo al roe zu Tim puting ante le ut aly actos alarm dock to awake comeane ee) to awake orca oltre togetup to math (someon ele, someting) 10 wash (onese) 10 bathe (smear ee) to babe (nee to brush eres teeta 10 dess coneane de) to ress (onese) 1 comb one's hi to put place to puten (ting) to et breakaet, to gow bed ‘weal ‘0 beramed, to cal neseh nats your rane? \ Myrame Whar ronsese $s hr your ame is nat a rosel/How roy to getusedio to take cae cf (eoreone soe) to ae cre of onset to meet to get ogeter shedule ys. ded fenphate) To know ane thing,‘cuTuraLes EXAMEN Spain and Latin Ameria, modem bustier practices have come ino 1A. contest le pregunta due aye en una orci compet vsand 6 pists soos: Que 2 poe ef sdbodo? (ans) {rbjepoa ik 0 vio para trai Se pane Jeon ef sbado. werkt ve, don veo wok Se evote Us. tarde por la matana? (no, tempo) GAcus hore desoyune? (8:30) ‘Sebane Ut por a maton o pore noche? (pr noche) Zh ou hora se acest? Yo medanoche) Slt se poe Us pore a tobaiar? (un tae) ‘od gereaty people sem to take ts to heat celebrating more yan aking mor vacation han North American ESTAS 1B Combi ol verbo relesvo y era de mseo la orocén, (Use the No, me evantotomprano por lo matana. 2. Desoyo ales echo y ‘else vr and ure te sentence) 23.Me bolo por la noche. 4. Me acvesto «8 medarocke. 5, Me on wje para ra wobaiar ieee Yom bata. 2. Por qué te eons temproro? 3, Van @ Yom we 4, Yobatoa nto 2 Leo Iris enprane 0148? 3. Vamos ola os pls 4, Caan ano desert i080? 5. Sreparele uso aa heoora uno aloo. 4 Por qu fe levanas temprono? 5. Pueden boar os nits matona pr ke matane. auc a expat at are your (pl) nares? We 9 ted a 1000. ‘ I rocinusond ese impersonal, (Change te serene, 2 1. The take care of enn ther 5 te impersonal se) Why do yu (asa) getup ext? Yoines ben ea They ean bathe be chen tomerrow morning ‘Se vie bin nul ‘Arvorzomos of na y medi en Espaha Muchos personas concn ben en los resturantesveezoloos ‘No famon at Decinos qe es eceente 5. ePodenos sober cul eso especiacad de lo caso? si 138Responds can los patties ene partes ooo: £Qe8 toma U8? fo) eh qitnlamarnes? fos tos) ‘como trabjan eos? atigenterenteeicentemente) ‘Presas ent foi? errs) Seudndo etn Us, ocvpases?fmorona) 5. GQue aires tomer? (el aesayn) Cambie a rocin usando verbo entre porentess oon: Prato los etudnts. (eg) ipa fos extuontes 1. Le compro un puseroa 6. pe) 2. Sv mando le repora fo cai. (servi) 5. chor ut etal econ? (epett) 4 Gque te parece? (opetecer) 5. Yole doy un ato caro. rece) 1. Traduzca ol espa ‘Sei dette (em) t them imac). I seting tem (ruse) totem em) Do you want to choose it ase) fo er? Can you dit em) for me? Her ging the em) tous. Traduzca expat. 4, She ges up everyday at 630 2 2. Weatne and ess 3. He bathes and dresses the citron 4. Ste pss on erred rss, 5 They eat brent at work with ou boss 6. Tey tae care of each ter 7 They don't watt get areca 136 os preguntas pro eto rexpests undo lo plaba pel modelo, = tee of Serer Eneqve. y 58 dnd ect el spermercade. Exh a dos coats de equ io aula comiso chin, 6 de Espara alnvero ola uo y medo en Expata. 2. Se come bien on os es vereclons. 3. Nose fa gu. 4 Se de que ex 5. Se puede sober ud sl expecoldod del case? M05 os tos. 2. Eos vabojondignte efclentement re plenso en milena. 4 Estamos cupadss mata, omar aesoyna. 2 swe 3. entes 4. opetece 8, osc 3 envegdndoela 0 los Ele ef ext enregond es, vedldndoslos a elas Se os eto veniendo nes escoprseieo€l0?/,Se lo quiere escoger a ela? 4. Puede 7/eMe lo puede hacer? 5. ests dndorelos 8 os hs 36 Ivana als ses y melo del ane todos os os. nos bafamosy ns vestinos. 3 Bote y vt oon nflos Jae pone su yext0 ro, 5. Els desayunan con nes oe robo. 6. Eos se culdon uno ate. 7. Eos mo quern 7.096 cin dlres? 2. Quin os 81? 3. Quid es tu je? ‘the nce sso sopernreds? 5 en goede '6. £Quién es de Espana? oeLECCION 16 EN EL AUTOAUS. Traveling by bu Hi Pancho. | have just rived a he bus aon. Be Pn o ra bs do Is beter to he mbar oe yout one sco one Fi cn ie rar doen Rewer ban runcxegt rats ne fare? A. DIALOGO ubén ple drecines por elton para legar a cosa de Poncho 7 io Gd ae Param, Ponome Ey batboas, Transportation nthe cy is more expensive th aes rer experie han RUBEN: Hola, Pancho, Acabo de legals estacin de autobuses, cut mamero tome para Wega a tu casa? Bees te tip take long? ANCHO: Es mejor tomar e! namero ocho; lo consgues el segundo No, less han twenty mine, ao Sino esta, puedes tomar e nimero once. ES mis lento que eho re do get of? You gt off tthe corer of 200 Sreet and Vale Avenue You RUBEN: ¥ zcvant es passe? itby the 0 Theater, ANCHO: Ochena blboas El transporte en a cludad ex mis caro ve nel campo. 1 have to walk many blocks 0 your house? When you get oft you 9 ahead on 20th Sect o number 375, RUBEN: Lleva mucho tempo el vise? (Okay, We'l se ech oter shorty ANCHO: No, menos de vente minutos RUBEN: Donde bala? ‘ANCHO; BajesenInesquna del ale Vente y Avena del Vale La ntingues pore ine Oro. RUBEN: Tengo que andar muchas cundras hasta ts casa? sh. hee are to posible comparative farms for dec sytem veh ncer era compte > of bent neat ee mein panih wd teed wth crcepton ose tives. There are three kinds of comparisons: ee ANCHO: AI bajar, sigues derecho en la calle Veins hast ef nimero RUBEN: May bien Nor vemos en un rto. eo ao Stern: ms + accom adverb or noun + que ruben ats fer drectons by elephane to get o Panchos house in Pana * Cy. Panama. nce es mds leno ut elmer acho ren ssower than umber eightocho corre mds ropldomente que cnc Se gh rn later tan ee lee Interior: menos + adjective, adverb or noun * que Enel campa nay menos autobuss que eno cvs. nthe courtside here ae fever buses han in the cy equaiy: tan + ajectne of ave + como: £2 nimero ocho ts tn rp come ore NomBer eg 88 as a5 nue elven, Note tat he second part «comparison of superiy cr nferorty Induced by gue Use the word deo “tan” when amunbe allows a menos deve mints. “Te ip sess han teeny mines. To makeacompuson of equ for nouns, se the aectie font, -0,-05-08 le mich, a= many) + noun * come Hoy tarts autobves ene! campo como en le cu Tere ae ae many bares he county a nthe cy. Tanto come ie 2st expression marin "as mich 35 Tenemos tanto come Us "We have a muchas you do Conan comparaties ae regulars ADEE ‘COMPARATIVE were good rior beter ma, -2 ad peor ose tn adtion a few ajecves have bot eguiar comparative forms sd irogar comparative forme, which have dierent meanings soectve FEGUARCOMPARAINE HHEGLAR COMPA grande, big mde granae bioger mayer oe Peyuto,-< small mds pagueto. smaller menor yourae omar el ndrero ocho, ert tke nomber eight. ue ues hj younger than our aught, ENDING IN -cuIR ending in-gur hop te nthe yo frm. DismIcuR To ossTINGUISH 10 | dsinoo rosoven, ox [deergainee 19 | strove ‘sores 2s | despues le | asingve Us, eon oe | dingoen pore Ce Or recognize it (tngish bythe Oro Theater Segui ( otow) and concegui (ogc obtain) also have akin, they are radial hanging > verbs, ‘SEGUR TO FOLOW | se rosseos ox [gamer son voseres or | segue ato soe Us ts | ser cero ate en proteinas folowing a toh ten de. infomacion ogi 9° some nfermaton hee uso en louvers, ate ang a course athe universityfara tet Segue ao mean to contiwe to do something when sed gern 1020 down odie to-geof the bus Seguimosestudando export. to tae ire) We come to ty (We til tudyng) Spars asian BOR aes tea directors 8. ACABAR DE + INFINITIVE che The vet ocbar mean to fish"The expression acaba de means ‘You go sight ahead ‘To have ut (dane someting)” n Engi this enesson i ooves othe rahe bya past prtope “have just rived” n Spanish the expresson tothelek ‘lowed by aninfite: Acabo de Mer een ‘Acobomos de consegit. at We have jst abianed om rmowie tester ‘aba de comer ‘tna peers (ions to nave Nat (+ past partie) counts 4. AL + INFINITIVE a eo to ge obtain AL + fine evoresees he Engish concept of ort + gens can vila. town Al bajo sigues derecho eee When you get off on geting of, you wae saght ead. Welt ee eachother shri VOCABULARIO omnes sransgortaton aks} woarie abo de legar have just ave. eo dee pe Te pregunta en une orcin completo vad spt Sete ei. "ano es of pei? rebates) re story oor, apartmer So aie pos foie wate to take he bos tds? fen le extn de atebses) oar tomeup autobis deb tra? (el nimero wes) bea autobos te get onthe bus de me bj? en la cle Vol)4, Alain, gesme voy 9 coro? (echo) 5. cCuando nos vemos? (un rot) LE CCION 17 B. ene espa on nce cons polars en poréntes (Fin oe ren th tank wth the word in prennes) Poco ove: Tatejames ela. ewer hous tan}inenos horas ave ferroviora, Pepe bale con a agent ara comprar des 1: Elowtobis namera cto es _ el mimera once. fase han) i Roa po en 2. Eipasoe ogi es ———- ev elcampo. (rere expensive er) 5. Agu hay > en uae (2s mary uses a) 44 Ruben er Ponca, (la) 5, Tenemos gue andor Ut. Fever Becks han) game stort za qué hora pare oven para Roma? El que acaba de partir e el uttmo de sta noche. Hay ar a partida de le dor y madi Dé a forma correcta del verbo un pasa dei y vusta de primera clase? ove: Yo a drach. fsepusign 1 Yono bien fs cols. (tagui ses. Hay un tansborao en Barcelona 2, Ti. aerecho dos coasrae. (seu) i 3. cDinde ——— yoo autobis? corse) 1 Gen qu cle pmo nos? Por) (Guarana y ocho euros, 5. Gauienes lego? (ocsbor ae) deme dos pasjes de segunda Mi esposa, con quien leva exte bau Puedotraer este bau conmigo bards? NOTAS CULTURALES No sehr Ud. puede cares a subi al tren, Por taor trates grt co ec viaje! _ cis. Por fevor, de qud andin sale tren? “The majrty of te population in Spl and Latin Ameria travels) bat te and ram work While the most coneron word foe "ass atebis in Puerto Fic people sty guogua In Argent colette, In Mexico como td in eter counties worde uch a8 dbus and mcrabis ae sed fete Latin Arercn cours you can stil id a toebis, an eed band also a rons, an oxbtanioned am or sear Lo anuncian una hora antes de a parti, iad Staton, ep ting to te apr aout ying Madrid to Rome. [RESPUESTAS A: 1. to ema extacisn de outbuses 2. Debesfomar el mero es 23 js en fo ale Vale. 4 Vos derecho 5, Nos vemos anu B. 1 nds rol qve 2. rs caro gue 3. anos autobses como 4.21 €. Netingo 2 sigues 2 conage 4, bojomes 5. aeabon de Pease, miss elle, at what time does he ain lente or Rome? The oe at it thn oe ght. Thee ress 2:30 am. departure, a i ae 5PEPE: How much fit las found ket? AGENT: Eghty-fne euros The seeping cas 90 euros mare There is» traelr in aris. PEPE: Ad secnd case? AGENT: Feryight ees PEPE: Olay che me tao second clasts My wl, wth whom ‘rang tating tis rr Car bring ts Yukon Boa mp [AGENT: No si. You might a8 while iting on thera, Pease ake | the porter who wil sore in the baggage car for you: Have a goo PEPE: Thank you Please Fam which platoem does the ain este? AGENT: They announce tone bor por departure B. GRAMATICA Y USOS 4. POLITE COMMANDS ge fst person singular ening 0 of regu ves, radical es (o>ve, ee >), and many regular vob forms the Using a command, we make raquasts or gv orders to one person a ere eee \goups ol people: Stop Eat These ae rect comands. We can 389 ‘Zhen a diet command by adeng te wor “please Peace vi tre In Seanch there af simi om of the command uti 2 ‘led he pert), nsare Sparsh-speating cures, commence rade yur he exten fovor de + inne aver de responder ol regu Peace anoner the queston the following speingcnanges* in -carvares, >i: busaue, bauer in-gor verbs, 94: pague poquen Foner de dec cuss parte ewer Peace tel me when the Wan ea ee ter eeEnregue oe tors mataro Deter he flowers omer ‘Almusice con a ari Eat inh th the ay Here are moran iequr command forms rerun irs back pred cn aly aking ace. “he train that st lt the at one ong. Take itt te porte ho wl store fry. eles back othe train “who rds back othe porter. n there ae several restive proncrs: Use gue tae, tat, whe) ae sR pee sa8e person ad ting joe Tose Toso __Toave TOKO . si Rega Tae ai | cabo de parte tine de esto noche Paleee Joelle tence | that ot let ete last oe tosh No voyen po i. (ont go round thee eme dos posjes “The objet proraurs ae tached othe afte forms of te ‘command, bul they precede the command inthe negative Desome. Tal me ia me ago “ou drt say (Dor tl me) Level al malta Tate et the porter ‘Dor take tothe porter ‘hen he ebet pronouns are atathed to the command, ana: ‘mak is aed ote gal pit of stress: (Pigoele ahora mm! "a eto height now! 0 porter que se vo o guarsor a Ut 0 the porter who wl soe fr you, en guenes aon) when the rive velar to peopl ad is bythe prepesions a, con par, de on ule vo, eva ese bal. with whom I raveng, stain hs tk, the lave poncin must spect one arorg sever] previous you car use a comzourd form mace up ofthe dete erie hres. ove are a merece yo re esis ate ora, The one at eves ight Merges has available, ai iquedon es moetas. Acabomos de vender as ave Us. quire longer have tose suitcases. We've ut sl tre ones you want,3. THE VERBS CAER AND TRAER parte en? ‘what tne does the Yale Fave? plain ‘The verb coer fal nc amr ing, cacy ate regu in oe Be ot He ee ih Se Leta fest person sngue and me gerund aay Ell er me oases ia y ota round ep thet ° eso pase? Ho machi te eat? hee a | aaa fat as 4, ao | ee ut, ts | te ase swans (ewoton a | eat vooneen os | teas vranster use eles lor | coon ws tess | roan ‘he bagoage tron i suitcase tong to siemore cae det etorte, The Book evap alog fom e she Jo conmigo? Gant rng wr me? poner Troe os posjes matona, {01 amen) op They are ng the tikes tomaron weary bong to sre, keep The gerund have ay: coyendo,eayenco cba {hat wh, when Extn wayendo oe melt. es aie “Tey ae bringing the sicases the one at whieh, who Tete, VocABULARIO ‘You don say/Dont tell me 7 la psecsn Kees ta staton elviie ve hacer un wiaje totakea up [Buen vine, Have 99004 tin lve | ain sags car (ot avain) vege estate fineg ear ‘ coche-cama slespig car paride eparce partir tolewvea t0 go overnight ina coehecome (serge for long Discounts ate avalale in accorance vith the klometars you if you are over 65, ask or a ret rods (gd cad) wih lon of 25-50 percet 3 good dea to make reservations ee done a ral agencies or athe raliay staton, ot pay an ingot len ie arora stim of et Lat Tah ave canbe ucnfoaie ard is gomrly oty oe roach Mei, reat doe fe you scram re ste rnersirg sare Ore of he os spectacles You ‘Ste Ten Eola trciph Mei’ Cope Cay, so of Paso, Toa. n the rather Meson sate of Crna trea of 25000 ngged squze mls, Cope Canyon fo tes he Gand Canon of Aza Temalar do town 5 he ster the nave Taarumaras who wb he cant are of ders ars Nor marca, The Trahan io er ae Sal Smee tought he regen, Rae been abe ther nave cute beter Ban any grup 7 Nor Artin Ae Irae regen 2p bakin te. You ih dhe a ie ow here Es cheap—ery char The one-ay fae sopra Dane = [A Contest o pregunta en uno oracién cme usando fa pit. oon: eCutnto el gosje de primera clase? (rena eus) {Et pstje de prmera Case es rent eros 1. eA qut har ale ef wen? (a medianoce) 2 Laue tipo de pasa quiere? oy sto) 5. GDequtandin oe o vn? (nie ses) 2, Sac hago con el bod! flevato of mateo) (se 2 comand) 5. Sve ros desea el ogente? fon buen vig) Dele primers pron el presets omas Uy Us Imperato pore os sigiantes Ifives. (ve the St parson of he Desert tense andthe Us. an Ud. commands fr the flowing vet) ooo: oearteo, toque, tue 2 ocr fe Puyo cn tie We tee an ooo ec For Caz 5 Seer Snopes opp wh ae Scr, rn leg as re ae 10. conensr thy ou eres ny Were a Wan moar inlet . criba on expo, ten ste 2 metanoche, 2, Quiero un pose dea y wok. 3. 2) el andennimero ais. 4 Livela of macro. 5h ogente up bean vee sige, salar. 2 alge, aie gan 3. rage, tiga, taigon yy. vaya, ro voyon 5 estoy ent. enn 8.00 doy. 00 st sep, separ 8. bus, busue, usguer 9. mo prs, 4. Tete cet agent tat you want to by around trip ke Hom 2, bok tom much he at. ticket in he sleeping cars 3. baka what ine the ain eaves Say mat you watt take a suitcase and a unk on board wh 10 lense 10. comienea comence,comencen 11. me Ivana, a fe levdntnse 12 ro me lve, o lve, ose lve 5, hat which platform the tran leases om. compra’ un pasje de Hoy vac Se Mohd Romo. el pace pn creo coche come? 3. A aud = pares el rer? Quire ler uno malta yun bel bode NOTAS CULTURALES Ne. 5, cB que ondénporelae ol ten? sh rans re erate te open ral yt a ccs cee nny tte th cnt # yu trl by eh se 13LECCION 18 [ALQUIEANDO UN COCHE, Renting wae a's ve, madam. We dn'thave any cheaper ca i's a very pice and ts is agency best te, how much the day recta? A. DIALOGO IS eight hance sures, mich nce klmeters ane En lo Agence Autoalgul, LUmtad, de Quite, vedo. know what odo In ety, hav no choke whatoeser INES: No entiendo nada, sefor Ud dice que el coche mis peqveoy eases Imse arate para alla pr semana et este Ford VICENTE: Si sefora. De qué se rie Ua? MATICA Y USOS SUPERLATIVE INES: Pues, = carismo, El precio dal lqulernoinlye el coro Ia ‘Seoloa nla cutee por los klometros i por lo segues se eident y dato personal VICENTE: Es verdad, sor No tenemos ringin coche ms econénica. Exum precio muy buen yes la mejor oferta de esta agen sed the comparative to compare things to show their reve Ith he superiatie,ro comparison is made the one thing In show some exten good or bad ins group Ih Eagan we ons such as "he most portant prea," “the lest gon "heat cu" ar he et rd n Soath INES: 2 cubnto cesta el algller por dia? VICENTE: Son ochocantr sures, que incuye el lometra y f= ‘seguro, pero excliy ln gasclina Ud, tiene que devo! cacne Con el deposit leno. + (out) + miso menas + adjective +(e) INES: No o6 qué hace En realidad, no me queda emedioalguna, {UDinde fimo et contate de erendamiento? Inds pequeh dela compat companys sales ca ‘vthe Atalqula Agere Ine Qt, Eeutdo INES: | ort understand, sc You saya the erat and cheapest 2 rent wee ee Ford + reg comparatve + noun + (ce) atria que wi nada, What ar you ughing abou? ae trees. me best oer we have. INES: i, t's very experi. Te rental price does inde the cost ‘ulin, nor he omer Fe rhe acide and personals grup. ae the worst of he group 354‘ne wee of me noun i ptonl A, he ds necessary ony when spe or ot eeressed "he abate sprite egress he ao ery" ome rg ‘head muy + adie: sun prcio my bro Is wey god pce. An aerate frm of the able siperiatne is made by ating te sili “imo, 2-05-05 1 an adjective mis fia vowel, o fo a> jective ending na consonant: cor > caine lneresante > ntresotsine cori > cordolsine |Win adjectives whose fs! conanart belo the vowel 6 tec changes to: eo > rigiino en very eh Win ajectnes whore fil consanart before the vowels ge 9 changes og vege > vogue aque > vey vague sua perso rarsino. He's very od flow. Compraron unas bisa elogonsinas ‘They bought some vey agar loses 12, AFFIRMATIVE AND NEGATIVE EXPRESSIONS Certain comma affirmative expressions hae ngatve count 159 sions ther ro one, nobody renng one ot any etter ne emernemner lyin an ningun are used belre rascsine ngur nouns al fs of ringuro or ninguna se saiom ved vey Cheap ce un Ford oun Tete alys hove tera Ford oa Toys LE NEGATION. Incorrect in Ergih,deuble negation i perfectly corect and In Spansh Usual the word ro imimedatey precedes the an ances negative werd folows the ver. (Don forge that he h ward no is equivalent to bath no" and "natn Engish) an azo begin the sentence wit anegatve noun pron, or tnd have sacle negate:te eto jen Reins crea reir(se) (to laugh) is irregular in the present tense: ney nerve acl fee fe TOUGH Tema avery emphatic agave he firma wr algun an be {Sadat te nour oso, [renee (i, lo, | on tes aE No me utd reed ogure Thave no eroee wnatsoev. 4. VERBS ENDING IN -UIR you bughing abou? ‘A vrs ening in -rxept for thone ending in -gu) ad 2 yee the inflchon, encet nthe nates, as and oss -0 fos, en be 27 they bughing ahi? neue TO mCLUE rode thing makes ou Iugh, (ou augh ever ating) ye [ae rasoos. 8 [canoe | ouyee toaaves 0 | nis Ie renaoee. Us oo | eye Use ees lor | een er wt the cae a cori ——toconcue eer teense a Bees qaltemeo ya bathe) beet be cow eer om pri nc mt de gaa Rett Hyman sve yes Teen otc et un oo : special) offer Desrayen ee sa. = ede th blg eet Pcie The ges a cyend, extend, =pont (625) tank tere ta fmar ton Dende firma el contrate de arendamiento? Where sgn te leasing orn ago someting sigonalgene,-0 soe adie noone, nbosy oe rating ‘ingcnvninguno,-0 rove, ot any constr to const ld secre eae ieee ‘oleae sicir teexdde evolver(o>ue) to eum (sorehing) reise tolaugh (at, about fenton (e>i) to understand No entendo nada. Ident understand anything Ne 5 qu hace! | dont kn wat oo! enveaidad neat actualy Nome queda oe remedio. eae s A. scr to orci usondo fo pit, ooste Ele ic. fiat) ies squisina Ihave 0 other choke precio es brat (el ms brat) Eleoche cb cara (arsine) epost tro. lensing) agencies buena a mejor de dod) 0 neato igi coche or. re page acuta por Korero 0 cevoher el coche tmen? 9 el Ford Tyo. at you want to ren a ca Sow rch the ay ae ec ena are that you need the cheapest ca. ow mach te surance cor how rch te charge per home JETURALES. best to make arangements with ne af the major car retal lore departing, Most of the weltkown agancies found inthe ‘ofces in Spain and Latin Arerca You il i flocs! Be sare to have adequate insurance coverage i you ret ca. ies ae rather good Inthe caurysde, however, ee may be than 2 dite sone paved rad for miles. Defensive ig is esnize people hve » mote essa ate tard he 4: opera es emer del cuca ning coche car, 2. No pogo nunc acuta por Nunca page le cute por kismet 3. co necesto decor fampoco? # Nome an el Ford Toyota lguilar un coche. 2. Cudro ese ale prea y par 73, Necesto a coche ms Borat. 8. Cvent cueston foe ?,.Cuanto ex ects por ines?LECCION 19 a A. DIALOGO fo gosolnera Sipe 6 Tjvon, Boje Coiforia Nore JOSE: Hola, Manuel oy aestacinar el automéul aqulal fa dei ‘bombs, Por favor, revels bata Estuve ayer el clad cuando de repent se parse motor. MANUEL: De acuerdo, stor, Abram ot cape agua JOSE: Muy bien Puede revisat el aceite y lana el depésito con sper? MANUEL: Mio, stor Est lant parece estar desifada. JOSE: Peo, noes posible! La compre is ‘tivo bien No a6 qué pas. ymana pasada.Anoene (MANUEL: ZTiene Ud una lant de repuerto? JOSE: Yano. La dejamos a nuestra cuhada. Qué hacemos? MANUEL: Voy a qutar Ia ant yreparata ahora mismo. ‘the Ser gatline station Tana, Sas Calton. JOSE: 4, Manuel, Im gong to park ne car ere rear the puns. Plese ‘heck he bates wa nthe cy yer when he carsales elie, MANUEL: Okay, Open te hod for me... the baery neds water JOSE: Fine Can you check the al and fl ne fn wh super? MANUEL: {00k sc Ths the sens to be Mt Aa bara fata ilar pssbie! | bought It st week: Last igh twas fine: aon virat happened. 1p you have a spare tre? re Wegner isk Wht a we de? ake of tbe ee and rept it ight now \MATICA Y USOS (CEPT OF THE PAST TENSES we have only been using the present tense. speaking about iets or stone nthe mediate hue. We have a9 learned future eens by sing + 2+ ine. Now we wil 0 alk stout past evens, The concep ofthe pat Involes tenses. The orncal ones are he preterit andthe perc Te strewe wes Js the simple pat, deserting a facto an action hat tok Jone moment nthe pst and ended. Ofer, one ofthe 9 adverbs of ine wil appear im the sentence. last ight yestercay last year2. THE PRETERITE OF REGULAR -AR VERBS ence rasicalchanging or verte dort change in the peter fener ht init are mde of 0 part he tn trent enna When we conusated he vero te prover tr Gopped of the tive eninge added psn neg {out sh nated bot ie tne he peso. The sare ocd tid for retre ach necson ets ent fee an the person comma TO BUY ‘ener é " oe error 8, oo oem ‘cron ce ans tong: Iriarte prot trae esi TORE lon es tonproon Sue reson, s [ eurnes “There are accent marks on the fst and id persans sings For a see ler | estriron liye thd person singular and pra ed o be used wn ee ‘subject. The nsoves. 25 form isthe same inthe preset ar pe ‘once te cores of the sentence (perhaps an ade) ile you ‘ow which frm you are dealing wih ‘Thee wo ways to Wana the preterte ito Engh 7a comprosteo bo. fee! "You Bought the bok. You buy he ok In Engh, to heping verb “Bs” shows thatthe main ver whieh ‘ole ie inthe preter tnae. Gustr and verbs ke tare conugnted inthe third pevsos i and pal Nos qutoran ls atoms ‘We hed te cars Lefts agua of borer The battery needed wate:VOCABULARIO gasoinera Sl automév bom cape super Lone el epost. suites Hants "ants de puesto iene Us, una lana de repuesto? esiiad-2 fester desintace Revise la beter. Revise aceite erase i motor se pa aye stato pasado {Noes posible! Lo compe Ia semana pazada Que hacemos? ‘hora mismo Serepente ‘lado de pune Cr ater, rod super gasoline spare we Do you havea spare tire? fat to oam to check (heck the batery Check eo to op, t0 sal The mote said yestersay Islan posse, ug tt nec Wat do we do? tight now sdceny orator vsons opis abe con Joo. (3) abate on Juan mimes etermos. (10) co conprarone automa? (Te) 8 par ce repent. Es) Ia lone. (6) el Sept aye 0) al espaol car nex to 6 pum and Ltn Americans hve compact of miners, because much more expense than Inthe United States. Dor be mericn cars ro te 1950s and 1960 = ring, pa afl arse. Ayoogh parts are no longer avis, hee fe are apt at making parts 1 these cars este enfermo. 2. Ti comprsteeeutomsn? 3. Ets se repente 4. Que lent. Eo lan des ayer eto ao de bomb. 2. eee ae! 3, Ln sip 4.2 ees ola? 5. aut aaa 2 De repo aut se por. 7. La cong sero posenega oon fora he newspaper The ets ae very LECCION 20 [ALQUILANDO UN APARTAMENTO. Renting an apertmer: much ar you paying for you preset apartment? ik: DIALOGO. Uni st month pad ght handed monty Bat got an Nox paying rine hunared ad thy and inde gas, ‘at, corredors de inmates, aide 0 Rar buscar wn apartments ard garage exceses, ‘cece Bogota, Com, do you hve to move? ANITA: .Qué tipo de apartamento busca Ud. ahora? Inne to ove a 2000 possible, or ight cay before the RICARDO: Debe tener vari dormtovis ybalos sla, comedo, ‘urrent (rer ‘oti, goraje. El aparamento eal se ste lado de prque Independencia donde ls nites pueden ugar ey ANITA: 2¥a bused, tl apartamento? PRETERITES ENDING IN -CAR, RICARDO: Comence a buscaro en el peréien.Losalqileres son “GAR, -24R ‘hisimos. person sing ofthe praarte of these verbs hasan ireguae ant Jcuanto page Ud. por su apartament actual? ending in-car change ct gu belo RICARDO: Haste el mes pasa, pagué ochocientoe ames. Pero, me oe eer er Serena enn aeons, ae) | oes ae Scan LL eee sate a | asl antes dl fin del corient ‘Anta, ral estate agent, taps Read to look for an aparinert Bogs, Clonbi, ANITA: What ype of apartment te yu ooking for now? ering in -gorerange gto gu bee RICARDO: i must have sever bedhoms and batho, 3 Inna 2" wl ge 910.9 ‘ring room, a ktehen anda garage The ideal apart ood tex Indapendence Par where techie can iy ANITA: Di yu already loo er such an apart?paca TO PAY fering in lorhave an accent mark on he ith pest forthe noses, as wd vests, as fore. ye | paae ] oxoves -0s [ pogaros ‘2 peste vesoves 05 | pomstes now Tose, 4, a | pas is, os, | pogron envos vessees 2 | ene Pagut ococentoe a mes ve pad ght haeeed monty. co Us. elon, ior | erin Lega s es. sted a 3:00. at Verbs ening in-ear change #16 beloe Bem rg the leer to van COMENZAR TO BEGIN ve [eomence recov 5 | eomenzans TOCAR AND JUGAR ‘u | coment Const 0 | coments is, | aren Li os, es | eanerzo> ean" touch, play (an rumen), “i (8 te kos (nthe dos Cmence buscar ene peréica Tega faking for i he respaper Aiorct con Elena Tate lon wth lea, ‘THE PRESENT TENSE OF VERBS ENDING IN -UAR AN Reenter tht and var wes vowels in Spanish and cn be ‘Sresied ony when they have an aecent mark ‘4 Ves ending in-vor hae an accent mark onthe win the prev Tenve, except for he nosotros a and vsotres, 8 fms CcoNTnuA® TO CONTINUE rocking on he door a 107 focare «uno means “to be one's ener "ofl (twas my tr or an inerese) MEAS “to play" (2 spor. a gare). the only radical 110 vein Spanien ese Yona yo [eran ] —rsors 0 [cntanes ae (e dpeea | connse | Saapon | cote pe eee aoe mie’ | Ua | con hee vsti a | esoJegan ol ta is domingo "ey ay soccer on Sundays 4. SUBSTITUTION OF E FOR Y AND U FORO lore a word begining Ino iy becomes ollie achcientoee inuye gos.eetidd y gore “ve fet ls eght hundred an eles gas, leer and gets 1. eter a word besining no er bo, o becomes Tengo que matarme lo mas promo posible, o cho ds ants ce! nave to ove as a00n ae posible, or ght days bee the eno VOCABULARIO buscar to look or partamento/apartamiento) apartment ry How much so yu pay mati? get rae expense secmeny os to move or’ esience) have to ove, Nha present farrent a) ss s00n as possible to pay (gares) te py (an insu) tobeain ‘econ to sens los preguntas vsando el syeto“o". Wrawethe questions buscar un tolook or an apartment te period rewspape Lue po de apartament What hind of apartment ae you toca Ua? coking for? ‘conedo, 0 de amuebes real esate agent jet.) 0 reigbotiood ake ri ie pogo ro? dbovito ‘ecroom Epes bate atroon Peg arta sla ting om pa pe a i pags auier? fl comedor ring room se ened gare wage omens taba hoy? ‘ algueria ente rere ees pagar al mes te py montyExeter expat Shey or egy sue and eecony senna a epatol 5 Say hat you have to move befor the endo he eurt mon, Say that you nood alge apartment wth sever bestoors. Ack nat the manly rer fran apartrart wih tree Di aed goog Say that last mont you pid ight hundred cars oro: Deki thee park sear the apartment NOTAS CULTURALES While there excelent nouing in many cles tought Lai Are the rede ash of te cee may be mace up of shartyton have diferent rames in iflret counties: brio Bj, wl maser t tos ranco,lmarade,pueba joven. The imabRants ofthese aso, Usual lon fd cv servants factory workers ot domestics. Sos Word fr the Wn of neighborhces ke suburie, ard the word for 08 los ters | 1. Yo busqe un aportament. 2. Yo peg eaguler 3. Yo ve arg. 4. Yo comence a aber hay 5. Yo toque el pian. B, t imjer have 2. nero e tert 3 serena w ecronta & 905 elecredad vero u of980 c 5. Tenge ave madame antes del fn de mes coset. 2. Necest9 ol Aiportment grande con wie dormtoo. 3. Cuda ese ui Ines pov un dpatonento conte domitorasygarje? asodo pag ochocrte dlrs de aque 5. hay un prave {el apartament? est pogend os Seques. tango mucho dinero también 2 foo azul? {a plerso comprare alge os rerbos ol reérto usando los odes en pores the vers tothe pretest using the aver parenthesis)costo El compra un coche nuevo a oo pasado). fits temp 2, Tiga Ul Ba 3. Hagen tts. vine 0 El comoré om coche rote ao pasoee ib orurcen Us. 9s dos. 5. Poueseo Us. onra mmo. gin coche borate 2, Nace et ponds Ye nunca Yergo ners tampoco. 4 ¢No ques nie 01 plrso comprare noas nares Iho pleas compre lo. Munca plenso camprre nado. Bt cnicis 2, Comer tects Nees ye? pasa vjomos ol campo. 8 La hat esta desi ete 5 evsoron Use ol core a eemonapazada? pogue ochovieres dures. 2 cEnvegoseW perio @ Ue plano ance? 4 gue tode a publ 5. A aud 0 voter? derecho, 2 £ eel hombre que come un pole deo 3. No so gona aflos otro: eigeneio mds tarde fella vn coche muy bat por uno cata muy bata 15. wong e ato pasado: este aso yo coment 2 oir toca piano. 7. Me ocd un cab de mal suerte 1. Nos gusto come. 9, Anoche me aco 10. Son os mascots _Dinde extn ator? (nce) Ecomoran muchor foros hy? ot) {Este of vjonos al capo. eo posad) {Woot ests desing ora ee (sta maon) “GRevsan Use coche todos le dae? (la semana sad) Cambie! verbo sagin le persona en porétesis. (Change the ve ‘ccrdng to the person pretest) eve: goes ito! noche) Tu ugorte ital enoche 1. Ayer pagomesochoietos dre.) 2. CEnregran el perio cas? i) 3 ocd Ut el piano onoche? fe) 4 Legoron ede ol pedi. fo) 5. gh-qe hore comenzste 2 trobojar? (Us) F Trauzeo a espaol Go sah ead Ne ithe man who bought round wp ticket to Roe ‘er ou pl ttt Bem fom pl) mows el (ou pl) #1 em 44, We wanted to rer a ery bei car fora very cheap r=: 5 He weed lt year: th year Bogan to werk. Marne. Soy agent de vies" abajo en une agenca 6 Jair pay the piano. de Chile La mayer arte de a abo por altono 7 | act niyo tte racetrack Hag servos pars exis coe © eked he food _y vendo pases por bre, evion Vanes ee: Tabi arpa bl cal ris seers ens Pls ys cnet on 40. They are the most expensive Y xcusiones eo grpc=. La gi loa os cries reciben un fet cn frac es propercena une ua que les mostrark los lugares mis RESPUESTAS samo or ol Sanson, apa! eps Hay es ewe tipras ia el Mar gue on canes ry Nome A. dan es menor ae ge 2: Le menas ange go ote. 3 Coniguen ms pasar gue t,t coches Son mejores ave ‘ven 5. Se compra un alam més pequefomencs grandeDrecoze Laila de Pasa conoid tabi com el rome aa Robison Crusoe” es bastante tris y face mars delosos Muchos dems cents jan por Europ.” Algunos ves esti, cecaceamentaorganzados" on acveades coms planed: de Itrervio®. cada un au gstl™ en Waje a todos” VOCABULARIO 1. Agont/agencle de vier = internocionses 3: posses 4 les hago a mis eentes 5s coneco con 6910 8. ana gute ue ls mostod 9. por jenn 11, quedn vesor 12. ortelsor 13,4 reg de fos igo 14 cnaciae tonbien con of 15. vgn por Evropo 16 culdadosomenteorganisador 18, ovo preteren 20, Cod oro 054 gusto! 21. Buen vale e esos! LECCION 214 | CONSULTORIO DEL MEDICG. At he doctor ofc Por aqu, sehr Slntse, Que tiene Ut? felonog wera bag) paceages, tae Take frm ers Heenrettem (oe) wi; book oxi, tor one provides tern (th) 1 ice who wi how ter foresimpe ‘nefhey can get to know ae stusted (aso rema, os the lake region eo krowm aby the nae oh 2Pudo Ud. camiar sn sentir vrigo? 1 tomé te Leg, vol fa cama ya lame levantarme y me puse mucha ropa para ven aul 2 ut coms Us, anoche? Tuvimos una fiesta en casa. Hubo mucha comida y ‘Nuestros invita partieron muy tarde Puss, oor Alls, me parce que Ud. comis demasiado Hoy debe descarsary mafana Us. va a star (0) wav! hrough Even te bon cael organized med beteehara cars preter to mate (mensenes) thai oo” Iunerary Te each naiter enn on voyage to everyone! lic n La Pa, atv, This ways St down. What's he matter wth you? ‘Cuando me leant esta mafana estuveenfeme, Tue dolores de cabeza y de estomago Fue muy desagradstle, Ne, docora Tuve que apoyarme en los muebes, Comi eCome se iene ahora? Todavia continu los dolores? Poco a poco comenzaran a sminur Hace dos horas IATLAS: When} got wp this morrng Iwas had 2 bad hescacheDOCTOR: Wie you able to walk wihout fesing deny? 'SEROR ATLAS: No, doctor. had o had on othe ute Ia soe toast and dank some ten Then! went back o Bed and ald yo. DOCTOR: How doy feel now? Ae the pains stil conning? 'SEROR ATLAS: Lite by lite they began to diminish. Two hows 250! vas {ab to get yp and put on lots of ating to come hee DOCTOR: vn i yeu et ast right? 'SEROR ATLAS: We had a party at home. There was ts f fod and an ‘Our quent i vey ate DOCTOR: We, Me As, sets to me at ou te to meh st ont Today you mat reat and tomorrow you wl be completely wel GRAMATICA Y USOS 4. THE PRETERITE OF REGULAR -£f AND -/ VERBS. The endige Fr eglar rand verb are ale coneR TOEAT ~ i on a ne fomste Us, 600 8 on tesaon |" ‘ees 7 camistes ios elas iron ae PRETERITE OF /R, SER, AND HABER Se are te sare nthe preter, The context wil aly the IR TOCOMOSER TOBE we asovas oe | nor | se ‘owas | hates At | te es, ios | rondzcess toecl dy able reas very unpleasant to take an aspien to support neal (phys) ‘ue muy desogrodbie. Iwas very pleasant Fo bot. to walk bo “thar was tere ware” ee peter form ofthe vero a The pain bopar edi aber (a Tere wa ete ood os pany 4. HACE + PRETERITE Hoce + preter expresses the cnce of “290 Hoce dos hres pu lvetorme Mora aur op Iwas hic Spel on VOCABULARIO cl mesicola medica ocr ft doctoriadoctora ocr ea ene hosel ensue del medica ‘aco offer ‘Siemese Stow (ora fo pregunt en wo oracion compete osondo la pst ue iene U8? ‘Whats the mater wth you? an erie! or? (or dates 7 ee oe tom Us (os epics) {Cio se inte shor? How do yu el now? ares amie reste boc re) a ae debe hacer? (scorer hoy) Perfectamente bien cence we Dg rs’ cabeza head dolor de cabeza readache eben por is maton sstomago serach Sn ben pol nator we 191. Cando me lata, me sent bien 2. Tengo un doar de etemage porgue como denasod 4, Voy a veral meio cuando ety rf. PECCrOM EZ? CON EL DENTISTA. At the dent ‘do un poco y sent verig. Vio ais echo y pedo setae ene tn. © Traduca al espotot Ferancarme io mets? Whats the matter with you? St dove! 3 ut sus concen, doctor: Hce todo. Mecepilé los inntes 3, Do the panes continue? al diy us a eda dental Fula a farmacia y le pedi al con enjuague bucal contra e sare. ‘Muy ben. cpor qu ert agul hoy? ‘Anoche |s encias se pusieron rojas, se Nncharon y yo sent dolor ena quads. No dormi nade. 1 yu fe strong o weak? ‘esterday | went 1 the doctor's fice, NOTAS CULTURALES bn some Latin Amercan counties, he term doctor ar dct un ea pole of ster ta adit prtssral pur. des te fran hat Hey had ay adkaond dee A daca’ of mee spony Caled a mien acca be aden cro ooo "You can obtain a lst of English-speaking doctors whose vane nee -Amarican standards om the Iterations Agrocaton for Medics tance to Travelers in caze you need meal atention while sing ‘trouphout Spin o atin Amari You can arta tem by wing "0417 Carter St, Lewsten, NY 14032, emaingIneamator, or ate (716 754-4883, Te Web sels a nnwlamatarg. I yo ve with mesic ‘on, have your doctor wite ott a preserpion wih the gener rane of ie ‘dug incase you lose or misplace i Noy a examinare los dentes, Abra a boca. Dénde le 4 Ud mis gui o aqui? AN mismo, ene primera Me parece que murié la ae Para coniprobaro voy 8 tuna radiograta Si es necesvio, le hago un emparte de lt zEmpase de ia ais? .Puedo pregunta atrancaeme Ia mus? aig, doctor? Hay 9 (Cloro que nol ose ponga Ud. nervosa Sus dents fen buenas condiciones. Tuyo pocas caves: las encis estan er Parece que cuida muy bien de los dente. A 1 Tengo dolor de cabers. 2 Tomé dos appre. 3.5 comenza7or © nat pace a pe, 4, Me sto perlecamente ben, 5. Dede descnsar hop B. 1, Cuonao me vars, me sent bln. 2. Tae ur aoe de ests porque con dementia Fut avr meta cionda esr ente™®: 40 Anduve un poco y sen vétiga. Flo as och y bude er" onetten © 1 £Que ene Oi? 2. Sieorese! 3. Toda conidia ls dlrs? 4 Se seme fuerte oobi? 5, Aye yo tif consutono de médica. pl out my tat? olomed you ate, doco | it everyting | brated my Yee tims 2 day an uses eral ose | went othe pharmacy the phamaci fo an ant-laque moubwach, Fie. Ard why are you her 85)?AURORA: Lac ght my gums became red, sled up ani ls Seer (L-CHANGING PRETERITES £>/ AND O>U min yj a sleep at al stb ta have ade charge cynthia ARMAND: examine your teeth. Open your mouth Whee doe th Jo he crete. The iecborn we ay oar, ioe ee «+ rhe? AURORA: Fg thers nthe fest one. 162) TOASKFOR ORM o>) TOSLEEP (coma e ) n oe are penn otn glee Fale ae meena Pete kere es... a oe rire | aes ee eben renee a es || war (es ibe In B. GRAMATICA Y USOS respuest. 4. THE PRETERITE OF HACER the ase Hace TOO sleep atl 0 | ce osotos, 2s [hicines| | he ‘esate a | hea Jed ofa tren heart (it of sane) lo | he is es ees | cron radical changes in the preset an petri wl be inated in acy follows: pei (e>) >): corm (2>ve)(0>u) the inf he peeriess refers tthe presen ard pete, respecve Hie 000 aid everthing eRe DoLeR 2008 rite? What di you do? lr (o>), "shar (20 be har) wed Ie the vero clr eres They dd eserces le duce a Ud. mis? oes hart you mor?Me due miso primer dente loc deapute, She fst toot arts me moe she went ray. Me duton ls pleas, Mylege nur eccrbes chr sudden changes: rca al vender la case, Dole does not have a adc change nthe preter: ren by 28g te house ‘Anache le dolleron ls enc Lae gn he gume hor. ser sed to describe reaching snp sate at ang, presidente dela compat despuse de vincnco ais de ‘THE VERBS PREGUNTAR AND PEDIR: Ae present of me company ater ety years of wetking THRE ee ear aoe este anil Decree spiel alone oe coaer a me atjorsearilaecler Jape uae ar iy pore perees ala prglinetrh agate pol “The indirect objects of these verbs are almost always people. eae oe coe one sornanions POR "To saconee oe Bee eae eer cnn ee on Berne. Peete rere cerkatel ese oo) sot eae ek erase on No se ponga nervioso. rare: eres Geet He = eetio Tap encits a quiada 9" radiografia car un raiograia ncharse seguir (>) Segul ss insrccones monet) (0>ue)0>4) INo 28 pong nervioso! soterse Negara ser ay ave (ii Hay que acevo. ‘vee veces lia 5 mismo _2Puedo pregunta algo? We gins jew ey fotake an eeay tw ava to behesthy to oon olewes your nstucton. ode to become Dost ge nervous to become to pecome Iianecesary one must Ithas to be done. One must o tte tines 2 y ron here Vay 12s you someting? fa pregunta en une erin compet wand apt ene dolor? fen lo musta) Ie pars en os enc? hncharse) neces a dee cola Ud? res veces) 195 @ S00? (ana radigrofe oe eres) verbo cozete yd la fa conrct del mismo. mucho; presidente (gor ser ponerse) ierota (ponerse, Pacerse) un favor (per, peguntr) | sobre su Saud (pedi, preguntarie) he det you have any canes 1 eri hat you brush your tee two of tee es a dy. the det your gu ren god concen he ders tat you ge aus when you hve to Vt ihe ae ovate dents practices in both Spain and Latin Ame and condos of teatment vary widely Welrained dents ead very Why pal $< dolor musa 2. Las eni 2 hncharon, 3. Me cepilo 8 io. 4. Voy a scar une rogrota de foe cents 0 ser 250 puso 3. pe 4, sreguntre lpuras cores? 2. Yo me ceil os inte dos 0 ues veces Est os encis en buenos condones? 4. Me pongo fa cuend tengo que vail.LECCION 23 you buy the necessary compen? You ned pregras the ani, te mouse, and a goed pirter Ihave eventing, including AOL as my service provider and progam. reid tutte Web! A, DIALOGO “g i he Er el compus de Southwestern Clege en Chula Vista, Clore MATICA Y USOS ‘OSCAR: 2Cimo ett, Consuelo? {Qué leas ahi? DF eusinsas ste “CONSUELO: Conduje 8 Computer World esta maanay compre una ‘computadors, Voy a conectarme al Internet. Me muero por Sprender a war fou navegadores el corre electric, ear na ‘gina personal sed the pole conmand (Uk) fo "You" The affirmative a eames Wom he thd person ofthe present once ‘Speak! (OSCAR: ye, qué bien! Necesias conseguir un modem y un proveedor ean ‘be serio alters, ver have vega fami comand rocerher lave er CCONSUELO: Exo ya lost Hazme un favor, Oscar Ayudame a Instaar Ia computadora. ‘OSCAR: .Compraste tc lo necesare? Necetas programas, dss Ta pantalla. rat, yuna buena impresera pens ard ebeiveprncine mt be each the CCONSUELO: Ya tengo todo, Incluyendo ® AOL (America Online) come proveedr de servicio programas de Microsoft Estoy lta para Do. avegar are Teme # cette, ‘on campus at Southwestern Cale in Chula Vsta Calfria, RS ees reir: tates bs wan a tccantrer, iia point of srese of the ver frm OSCAR: Hom ae you, Cone? What do you heve there? aes ‘CONSUELO: | drove to Computer Wer this morning and bought» Paton compute | am ong to hook up tothe iter yt le PM to vse navgatrs, mal ana eat a Vieb pane, Fs he negative aller comer na ater este, OSCAR Hi that's rest oul ned to get a modem and an iret service provider CCONSUELO: | Kron tht. Dome afar Oscar Hels me tall my‘THE “LET'S COMMAND: VAMOS + A + INFINITIVE The fest geraon pura "tes" crimand canbe expessed by vonog Ves @ emer una computadva Let's by you a compute: Vans @ hacer un oe Lets do im faen IRREGULAR PRETERITES WITH J The flowing vere have an ther peter for: ‘ordenador (Spain) EGR TRE TRADUOR —_conDUCR TOSAY _TOBANG TOTRANSLATE TOLEAD Cane. yo[oe wae oye conte (i | oie rate rete contre Ut,delo| se metodo contyo restos ae fnat oaice wadjines cones (oeatos or| oes ujitls todsjames cody nis Useelon ek | diner oonfodjooe conden etewite No wojeron oratén “hey nt rng the mouse conayje todoo , Trove al dy lng ‘THE NEUTER LO The nee pronoun fo sed wih tbe masculine sngulr fr of adjectives odezerbe a general aly. ‘he god thing (about), whats ‘9208 abou) the worl hing whats wor lo bueno ana computers esque no hay gue oor na mquina de thing about a computers hat you dont have to se @ campus S200 computer hook up ia vgntors Web page coneenert programs ‘tse primer Saat te We the format ar ive harnare epooardate ae Po, Bola and Paraguay, i to the poo ina: ‘ost gopulr ses are vary sto those inthe US. a Pave ter own pages n Spans, Here wea fw, EXAMEN [A Contest oo pregnta on ana rein completa usando fat. I sermsiteh.core {De aut cat quieres computador? (=u) INA ao comar 2, Gave computador va Ua? (Mex) Span exrancyanoacom 43. SDende gaeres el médem? (bre ef escror) s Se Canin erate te Some other popular search engin that ae lea ‘Que tna de pantie gales? rand) 1. Reacone une paabre de lo Colunno A con una de fo Column 8 ‘coum 4 coumna 8 Is of course a wonder esouce for lnguage errrs You er dak Isrts of mateal fo heb you pracice your new language—on 2 ferret are seve 15 magazines, essays, travel and tout ses, eeence eieris © heyboud Petsonal web pages, weblogs, accesso one ado stations, 4 tesods monte Use you imagraton! 5. cco Web 6, deco duo rouse C ecpankiy leon meatier hicaiaam 20 Qulero uno computador or 2. Uso fo i IMac, 3. Le quero sobre el extra Quiero el mécen fescntona, &. Lo preiero lier Prete una impresor liser rand Quiero uno pont grande Srtame seo a itenet 2. Haze un or 3. Levanto lo Ven oConputer Waid coon 6 Sens spoon cas. 8, Dine verdad Hove: Tel your sles t put the compte In your co. Pangalsenm cche Tell Oca to connect you tothe tenet. Tl him to. you a aver “el him pik up the printer. Tot rimto doi. “etm fo. 90 Computer Word with you Tal hin oe nese: Tell him to caret your house Tel hn ott you te uth pepwpene NOTAS CULTURALES “The rternet mare sharply divided in Latin Amer. Argentine Cone and Mei oun for B5% oa paid la-upe nthe region. Te - 196 197LECCION 24 EN LATAQULLA BEL TEATRO_At the he A. DIALOGO nl tolls del Tet Liceo de Bueno Aves, Argenta. UIRGINtA Vie a comprar dos entradas para Fuenteovejuna Ge Lope 1 Vege. ‘TAQUILLERO: No me quedan entradas para el extreno Para marane hay lugares nla galeria en las primeras fas de a plates Yor nae caros VIRGINIA: Me encanta tants eat pees qv estoy iapuesa 2 passe ‘gee se, Déme dos butacas de patea para malana TAQUILLERO: May bien. dLeyé Ud. qu la producion comers 2 representare en Madrid feel mayor exo dela temporacs? VIRGINIA: SB pico edo muchos apne lprotagonc TAQUILLERO: Y lo cities le dleron un premio. ViRGINtA: (Qué mari! A que hora enplezs? ‘TAQUILLERO: £1 talon va a subir a las ocho. Y hay dos enteactos “Agu ones entradas: asientos vont yventocho de ai [ue se divertan! the Teatro Liceo box ofc n Buenos Ares, Argent LiRGINtA: | amet by two eke Lpe de Vega: [BOX OFFICE AGENT There ae othe et forthe opening. Fo omxton tere are bscony sats ad sets the Fst rows of twchesra the most experi ot VIRGINIA | th lay 0 much htm ready to ay whatever Ce ee). Ge me wo ocheata set er tomorrow |AGENT: Okay Did you read nat the production began Madrid and tat it was the greatest no the season? Fes. The eudence applauded the sit IAGENT: Bod he cts gave him a prise Imarvous A what tine does begin? EAGENT: The curin goes up at 800 eclack. And there ae ns Here are your ket seats 26 and 28 of row 0 i), cow oa and er Go ea) he eg with in the third person forms: re on jens | LEER TOWEAR —TOFALL ” ToReAD ee ae 6 po ae noe lee oben costes tts em eeelays Us que la roduc ee! mayor éio dea temporade? folowed by @ineude: ‘Did you read that he production was the greatest i ofthe seasnn7 Vine 2 compror dos enrados are to buy 6 tee, protagonist comenes @ tepresentr en Mad, The sar began o playin Mah Br elenco empeze 0 representa us oplesextp noche The east begs ply thei oes tbr se cy “he Book fel Layer mucho oer “hey rad lt yestrcay 12. THE PRETERITE OF QUERER, VEWIR, AND DAR tonight Estoy dspueste 0 pagar fo ue sea une; VEN oe im rendy to pay wheter SowaNr —Yocome —_TOGvE ee ees You rere get ued to working, flowed by com ore Sone tonto con eos | creamed s0 much about hen, Insist on veri chor. "insted upon coming nom, Vine 0 comprar dos entra. came to by 90 kes ens Leeson on prema They gave hina pte Room the carcna nurers—the numbers ved i counting ee et). The edna nabers Prt, second, third et) Inasequence, The numbers st fo Wert” we (Ym rota mi i Sed arses Fone Fo ober eras siti the la 0 is a tat, ‘She refed to oto he theater ay an Ni second siptine, seein fre oct, 2 eh fourth novena, 2 ninth fin dtcima,-0 tenth 3. VERB 4 PREPOSITION + INFINITIVE + Many conjgated vert in Spanish are folowed by 2 preposton niin We ave een the se of r+ 2 > init rer depth ober the maseune singular non, ‘he curtain goes up at 800. Btls ve a sbi os oc.Nos quedan algunas on ins primera is de a platen ‘We hee fe lente fret roms of the chests, Esl tercer bo de nuestatemporade i's our semoris tea hit ‘ne ena piso vente Ve ives onthe brett oor VOCABULARIO ‘aquitaitetra ‘entrada/biletefboleto Nome quedan envadas. precio ‘eneantarle aun Mo encanta esta peza la epreventacion regratertarun pape asiente platen butaca de plates sale Dame dos entradas para a pte. tsar Tasers i/o protagenista publico ‘ar palmadas apleude ceo premio Te producion The carta goes up at ht, teeny onecal Esoyyoursehes! to be ready to tons upon box ote sie te real, thave let oe Tort hae any eke opening (how): remere gulren sertorse? nl pote) to apn (a show) premite lo et6 Us spur 9 page? gue see) 10 thet love samen fon os acores?(encantae ao} Preginte use eran completa usando le pst hve se ttn? Vike (830) peroranee one?) ‘pay ara : a cores del edo on preter. ete (a tear $Y Ara —__ tore, (niin crcneara seat eae balcony i peso, er) Give me wo eas in theo Bee ieen mor m0 —__ vor lapiz. qvere) stor i evista. fren) < 95 que protegonsta ex hermosa (ot) aie wn Ne ios evra 2a (er) fudence to applaud, to cap to app a i rn Seng te ly. eld al the balcony seats pie eneLECCION 25 IAREGATEAR! Bargin NOTAS CULTURALES ‘Spain has one ofthe war's most Inpectant theater adions nc tami of Spas Golden Age—such as iso de Mona and Cauca fe Barca, However Lope Fal do Vega arpa beter town 3: Lope dg Mega uusly coredered the gteatest Spanish paywrigh. Hs comesag theca plays in which comedy and tragedy ae iertwned, u3.0 i volved histor abject mater Representative of is "New Comes” ag ape’ popular nonce ama came o be ced, re vee os es foun pays, BT cextgo sin vengonsa, El cabalero de ness, og Foontererar Lope de Vegn ual exalts the peasant’ Wo es fle values, and Ifesye, wie porvaying the monary asthe pm Sauce of Justce and soil ore This great theater adton was poe {to the Latin Amercan clones and comins to his ay. "Theaters flourish throughout Latin Anan, ba Buenos Aes is wna oube the capa, ving some 48 theaters constant peserting Aen tnd fore amas a5 wel as musical. GO de Madi, Expat IDA: Cuneo cuesta cen comoda cya madera ents earcomida? Es na aniquedad muy fina, seRor, Livan precio de Die mil No vale tanto. Caro que nade paguba Llegaban oferta, pero me gutaba tanto mirara que RESPUESTAS No tenepreie Ho. 2A cinta me fa deja Ue? 1. 1. Queramos sentarnos ena latea 2. Estoy espvest a pag ove 140, 3. Me encorton los acres, 4 El tin sube alo acho y med 5) hoy dor enreacos 8, 4 lye 2 20 cays 3. quitnoe 4 ino 5. olmos 6. do C4 Init en var! obra. 2. Vraevn todos os asin deo alr /Se verdoron fades os olen de a goa 3. £87 teeter. 4 La prodiccn foe 6x eo femporee. 5. Los ‘stern extn en fla C Pra Ud, sel dejo a ited dl preci orignal it IDA: Menudo descuento! Como cliente antigua Us tiene {un desevento de por lo manos etenta por Bueno seins. Ya st que a Udo gusta regatear al dime precio demi dosientos euros in Mac, Spain. How much s that chest of drawers whose wood is 9 Is 8 very re antique, madam. has a price tg of[DORA FLORINDA: Good Goa! Re ot worth that rch, OF case ro un prec pid such 3 su, rad a fed pce [DON VICENTE: | got fers, but ie lootng at 50 much hat hn ‘ect your, | sed to bargain [DORA FLORINDA: it does’ havea faed pice For how much wil you en FECT OF -AR VERBS [DON VICENTE: i gett yor he gil pice 1.500 es, [DORA FLORINDA: nat dacoun AS an old customer you Nae. pacae TOPAY tte me ata discount of least severity percent DON VICENTE: A ight, nada. kno you he oberg. Takeo ® oe pane ral pice of 1,200 eres, a mS agabas fea | Po mes > apts oe to agabae GRAMATICA Y USOS to: tor pasaton ‘THe CONCEPT OF THE IMPERFECT TENSE Nobody weed to pay such sum, ol canto Nobody pata sucha sum, Nobody was paying such a sum. ‘You learned tha th preter ene tlates an ation Jokes usar a revert rac that occurred once and ended. The imperec! = ‘hothe past tense vlates acorns or habitual actin. Ghscrbes the sate of tings ea pri of mein te pas Vy Irpofea dead by adil esses of ne desi P= recur conruous pas actors or ereustarces: In English the oping verb “used to oen suggest the eansbucton Subject oxerouns are requnty sed wth the Sng and ts persone anguar and pal for cary. semere always to eae pasooo atlas year or felone pork matana. todo la semano asada alas Weck fo the prone the mening oven 8 young person ae nitolo seacne en sus pores nays thinking of his parents, Tad eco aside evade un precio de meio millon de euros thud price of $00,000 euros al last year ee) ue ano veesy ro gue nie paged to! cates (Ofcourse nboy pid such 2 sum expression have bean wat in sme ofthe dogs we ‘Genera al tree mean to have fo must shold* ue te nsete song needTengo que vendo hore porue neces dinero. top have toatl t now See | ped the money oe ‘oral fr apres) Uae hey a en prerl we ES doco Hey ove regen fat its neeray/One he to bargain ia se ceber that, mit eld, ght to} onda persons oa dict (ana) eh Sanheeesy Tauri rst percent “fey sol ake the tat hn acct oe How much desi cont? 4. THE USE OF cUYO Test ath tat mach Tate iyo 2m -0 te adjective frm ofthe possessive "whose" n vwhotsale ‘Spanish apreesim ume: atd gender wah the thing poeseseed ed ‘eal ‘ot wth he possessor. My Got semenat suet Cont esta exo chad cya madera eat catcomio? Sea Ho much tht chest of ers whose Wood Is eaten hcush? aa ea eafora, 2 cues ios fe presente omiga des poe “he ly howe chien | rrodiced You to and of you fh VOCABULARIO sues eae a preguts on ure o1acsén complete send a pita Ta antguesea aregue 1st 050? fie min de poses) rach fred pce He guste ola? epoea) time precio fina price vender Us? por mayen precio maximo top pee QUE no acptabe 6 oftas? (no Secor vce) (sj aun precio torel sta pice Ime 0 dei Ut? fan desuero de 50%) stiqueta (orice1. Dé a forma correct el verbo en porénteas en lipo ect: E profesor cone este, (hablrnablabo 1. Noses sopre ara eg) orn of reste vance ot. 2 Elche" cn vnseoe ego) 5. Durone mrs once peos “fount pone tte, (rcs) tte ouch pore e gta. aa cep tte © Laue atgaesna? ii = : | médico. (ayer) . Exrba en expt dlr Se ober. (oct) tes veces of da. fa semana pasa) 35 evigo porauehoce fo. esta moona) oda (laf posode) 1. Tele slegran tat he ca ot worth that mach, 2 Tele salesman tha you used o pay Ma the ior he re 5 Say that a a hd you aways une fo take the bus 1 schoo 4. haku fend ste ua ver gardpaere aa wos. 5. Say that you and your and ued Yo rene a aprimert othe oy espacio en barco con fo form correct del aetna de! re pordrens. (Pin te lank with the correc preter erm inpeerthesis) NOTAS CULTURALES aa ln Spain, barging Is tl common, especialy at artes he oor bazaar in Mac, East. some places sling regina soe In tes tke Granada ad Seri, you might ark or a scour. Sargaing i far more conmon'n Latin Ameria Salespeepe we se barging and krow al the treks. Whe verdes ae usally orosed ‘ower toe ree, be reasonable your negonatens In bovis #8 parent stores, the eiqat indcates 3 prec fp though I Doi ss were there eat of leeway If cone propery bargaining can bet off —* 1 goed way practice your language sas a | host a uve? (smi) nen for (node) Tes eros oda ta ache (ter) orisa. (ponerse) le beicos. roe) RESPUESTAS 1A 1 Ee ues medio monde pesto. 2A elle gusta epote! 2. Le vendencs al por mayor 4. 60 aceptaba ofrcs pore eseobe vena 5.50 deo oun decuont del cincent pox ce 8, 1 legdbomos 2. rgateaba 3. ourertabon 4. pogo 5. mobo 1. ieoche no vole tonto. 2. Yo pagaba mod del precio por eves 3. De nila yo siempre tomaba el outbvs ae ecu 4.2 ts acts Curate eres de eemana? 5. Nasos/-2s ‘uldvames un department en dad ohn. ai) uy (amie) ear, ari) he doting0. Eserba la preposicion recs be} les necezora, tee prep LECCION 26 1. Ge comenzorn cantor 2 Qus0 venir 3. Me ocontumbe —_levantarme ode GO 4. Vineron ——— vistors. 5. Puderon vender Tel, San Jost, Coro Rica, Anto Bates presents ante Cambie ls oroiones of mgerecto Jf de po fer RO: Dice en su resumen, sehora Bente, qv Ud absjando en ia Compaiia Celso. Que abigaiones tenia? zaba una campaha e ventas de computadores. Las fenomenaies Hecia dos alos que trabajaa en la Cuan me ofrecer a drecion del mecageo. Doce: Vstonos a os tox Viobame 2s os neg oer Compramos lo onigoesase: ‘Slompre regctean ‘uments lec Evdentement, Ud. avo muchisme éxito cn Por que de In posson? a posiiidad de acerao; mi ef ora jven altaente Truce ol export. 1. We went to the doctors afce we days ag, 2, Did re det ask you your gums ur ot yesterday? 3. She brought hem the bes ard he served ito her ee 4 They insta pon gong tthe ete and hey Fl ne sno cree 5 sa young woman ste wanted te nthe c trabajo me ofrece nuevos desaos, ‘muy ben sefora Beiter, Nuestro presidente ley RESPUESTAS va a erteisaria tambien AA. Ayer il mace. 2 Anache tae dolor decabez, 3. La smo pesado cominos es veces ode. 4. Este mater nos puss 98 Doraue hz ri. 5. ake paseo re superon nade. 8, t dormis 2 pidwron 3, dolivon 4 Ye pute 5. rjeon ©. 1. Disco a2, Vamos o comprar Compramase 3, 5¢ bueno 4 fempron. 5. Vamos 2 esuegar la ope, De 2-30 40 5 1. Enregob los resuitados 2. Hablaban con ano. 3. Compe les ontigiedodes 4, Siempre regoteabar. 5 Arentbamos «= 1: Fumes al contultorio del medica hace ds ss. 2 cle regu’ © meio ae doteron mucho ls ences oer? 3. El es rao o m6 Selo sid 4 Instron enrol nto y 2 cayern ena nev. 5 Joven desea vst en Jo cid pay, San Jose. Conta Rca, Ata Bente s beng rs Navarro, Hea of Persona Ie say in yourreaumt Mrs. Genes, tat you worked or Company What were your rexporsibies tere? eed a computer sles campaign The mies were had Been working a the company fortwo yess when Je the marketing manager ponerMRS. NAVARRO: Covouty you hve had 8 ea ea sucess composer ete Why cid you leave the jo? rary compatere ANITA: Thre was no poebity fr promotion: ny bss was young ang muchos veces de oenes. igh cused DMRS. NAVARRO: And why do you wan thi job? ANITA: Thi jb fers me new challenges. MRS, NAVARRO: Vry wel, Mrs Benites, Our president en your ‘ppltion an wil i iter ou B. GRAMATICA Y USOS 4. THE IMPERFECT OF -ER AND -IR VERBS. Regulater and Jr verbs have the sume ens mpi fteer 0 descr physical or emotions stats in am e ae s ae ae nna ee a | i as a a De ote ses sat oo ao | BP arcane n BS scene WR TOLVE ea : Jaa es ee G Pos oo Suomenfs reniones tae as seman cs por 1 Tze to 9 0 te meetings wed oe 0 uno entrevita nererante Teva an irtersting tren fos y luego det el trabajo. thr for five years and then |e the ob De oven o menudo wea pails. Jip! or desersions of hab actons or cveumsances He saw moves often a a chic alae THE PAST PROGRESSIVE e nga ood sly. ‘To rss anacion in progres inthe pant use the mperet of eur and the preset parte geid Yo exote rateonce al drone vores oes. Twas warking therefor several years one campo. 10 el Bra, vstaba a los tos todos los aos ing in Sasi | wes to vi my aunt and nce evry 4. HACIA + TIME + QUE + IMPERFECT “To describe an action begun nthe rerate sat and contrsng one tore recent pas se ths forms Toe + tine + ge + pero Hecio dos ofcs que trobjaba en lo campo Thad been working a the company fr two years sincere o descrte 3 continuing action inthe par ding fe actin ocoured atone pant The teraction wl be la Compania Cez0 cuando lo conoct ing forte Ceo Company when | mth, Hoci si semonos que buscabamos trobain. ‘We had been ekg fr Jobs for 8x meas fa casa alas ocho y estaba lovendo. ef te house at eg and wae raining 5. THE PRETERITE AND IMPERFECT TOGETHER Te describe an action inthe pas you can ute etharte preter oF the ero. The desi based on Pow he atone ook ape, (vet peter fr snp, past face epariment spud tarde esta mains. e Personal Personne! Deparment Tarves ie te morn tereeer agen tintenion someone feosertarse pars ona to go fran unten orrevita at resumenel caret sure cnc vise Sir shu Ssa csgen oRo tall de ida 7 te sold reece te eign rerponatiy epee a omy gerne gees mrage espe Us oe gree? Cts ove inserts Sie impo hca gue rojo 0? os os) eect aie an Fev qere ete bo}? (eur ove ces) ieee a eoete ioe person) bl ret yl prinera person) ae lr tigate voor (vee poe nd pat i" pinta et pan Sig ta tordicn omar sence . esis se Sl programa ce informatica cama pega inecadeo rattetng ec rection managenent tapecn ny tos repels beset oe weote efece’ un poston tee someone 3 sb dejar una poion tolene a> tlascenea brenoten No habla posiida de ‘There was 0 poss a raton ansato stone crecernvordesfos tote new caters: ae esata uso porte prterte cme 200 Sema Raemer! {arate re Sponsh sang We prec and eee os Por qu quiere Ul ete Why you want eo? st pesidenea presenta te present tener et bbe cee campo fot (treet, ures, 28) fuser (>i (69 tetas de tosungest mes cies ears un programa we dei progam feromersi penaenaLECCION 27 EL CORREO. At the post oc, Bree atin oe eer oe + Sooo ae oie eeeae ows, hordes Heese ahead Bee Jenviar este paquete por via aérea a Miami, 2 sold eeietita! cat pen? 10. escender resume: ta 1 hen ee Bes a it mat wap by de 12 comet re 105 kos. .Quereenvale cetieado? NOTAS CULTURALES Y asegurae, tambien, ue lena estos frmularios de certfcacon, s9guo y ‘The computer industry self and als elated inusties we thveg pe ‘he Spanish spesing world. Hardnare and software rogram a mie ‘Span in Sein and Lath America for ther marke: Men oe carta es para enregalnmadiats. también necesito ‘ical anguage,Rowever i English Que hardware le gust mas? pila locales par tarjetas postales. Cuande extwve asada, Us. no lao tenan RESPUESTAS hnabiamos vendido todas y todavia o habia legac 1A 1 Yoera gorente de vents. 2. Me inereso miso ntormascs 3. Le suger tities de vents ala geen 4 Hol sel oos que Iraajaba oy e505. Quer eat aba porque ex an nuevo se B. 1 ondwe/ondeba 2 usquelbuscada 3. pague/pagde 4.2000 5. teelten. 6 fuer, 7 velo. 8 calea. 9, waayjeroo.co 10. C1 Tne uno entrevista de trabajo lo semana por. 2. Me reguntaen pot qué de@ mi webs anterio.3. gue programs ‘esorraoba Us. eno corpora? 8, Er Ua afiomente comet ‘orl psn? 5. Que desl fe ofeclao Us. of abso? Db ZEAGARSHENT AS STC IOK Te 12.0 eco me svido, Necesto un gio postal congue en la proxi ventana. in Tegucigalpa, Honcoras. fo Sen hs package by sr i to Mia! Koc how mach i weighs? weighed | have done anything bu werk ty![AGENT weighs eee los. Do you want 10 Send registers? PARTICIPLE OF course. And insured. lo partic n Engl ie “ed of 0" fm of the verte AGENT: You have oi cut hee registration, surance ad cisions one In Spanah, most pat partes ae formed as ferns. ying else? a7 vers: dop the ninive ending ar and ad DIANA. Yes, this tris orn. Glivery An aso need rt osage stamps fer postcards When Iwas ere ast week yo. i to seraisent to fegetergoten Verbs: dep the five ending er oi and ai AGENT: We had soda of thr and ne new ane Nad’ aries ye to selon! DIANA: Oh, almost forget. need a maney oder to ask frase or AGENT: You ge that a the nat window 1 ovenopenes GRAMATICA Y USOS te emvriovred awed 4. THE VERB HABER ‘2 weten celone Wea tent sed ha vers aber ne impersonal eneessoe ‘deides {here tee are) hobo ar hob ae was reve cee: ‘The verb hades aalping verb meaning “to ave’ t's ot 2 es ssronym otter na spy aed wi te past price seer sey sad wth ts ¢ ‘prewnreued teow) Hee are the regular forme of haber th preset an recite tenses Particle canbe used as on adjective. 0, genes with its PRESENT PRETERTE te registered leer yo [fe Tite tne insured palages ‘| hor | abate wae a Wed as pat o the perfect tees. veroton os | robes | bee sas eas | ton | bron3. THE PERFECT TENSES: THE PRESENT AND PAST + PRESENT TENSE. PeRFecr TENSES “The precert perfect tense express an action wich was concen | aerator Ihave spoken Leper hve Fie alos | In Spanish sin Engl the imarable form of the past parse 4 {see wth te ping verb Rober nae) to frm te pect rsa For the present perfect, ue he preset tense of haber ani re past pean paripe eon package Noe pesado. toweih Thavert weighed ie posters Hemos eric varies poguetes. ies "We have ont several packages rer Loe vat prs no est ut posal money oder "ve aban but lew here ome a ‘The pat prec tense expresses an action which was competed regiered porte another ation, tated or imple, inthe past: ain They had area leh when we aries. waved Ina ished the curse en I went Soa) fee ontome For the past perl we the inperfet terse of haber ante past oes ig iat 10 outa frm biomes ven todos y tdava no habion lego os mueves. ey Wo had sla therm ad he ew ones hadi ave et (a ea Iwan to al a ete, How many starps doped ora postcards? bya mal by sutace ma fest eure shen you were. aaa aslta catbor “por eco” yl present. char una ert al buon te all (0 t0W Ito the raitog lever treo ‘a asia ost oice box 0 90 area ovarse to froe eAigo mas? Sorting oe? a0 vn coro. - ee tn vegts eo 2160 oe ato o busén F todo ‘reythng (na ss EXAMEN |A. Contest le pregunta en ona orcin completa usando f pt In Spain ard Latin Arvin wre onc notorious for In recent yeas, the station has ironed great in ow part of te European Union However, hs dei Arerica due tote ecsnomic robles faced by many coun ows them to devote aly 3 very small part of the budge 0 ston. wed stamp" varies Souish. Use seo in Spin, tint stompin terest of Lan Ameria. ect avers emo el poquete? segura) ‘Zeus teng que hacer? fara el ormuiara) ‘ue mis necesito U4? fevtomplls ayes postales “Quinto enrega? carter) ‘Dsnde stn a cartoe? foil) 1B. Deel parcpio posodo. © poquete cepurado, 2 Tene que leno flac. stomps yraetas postales 4, crtra melo entega etn en i cola, cote: vr | vito § gareme hecho 3. enviodo 4, ceria 5. prt. 2 how fervado el paguet pero nol habion reco, 2, Habio deo fen el correo aye. 3. Heos hecho tags pe todavia no + ee 4, Quer enviar ete pure por vo syperice 00 erregr lo carta de entegs med esta noche hero con un caro, 2. Por poco cmoro uno cosa rer 8 eno un rego por correo. & Por poca sch a corto Por poco pedo ls selos C. Tasueo a espato 1. Wei set ne psetage but ey had rot reeves 2. There ware stam a he post fc ysterdy. 3. Werhave dove everthing bt we stl hav ete. 4 want to sera ths paclage by ste mal 5. The malman wil ver the sacl delivery leer this evenLECCION 28 ENA PLAYA. Atha beach A. DIALOGO le Agence Naina de Trina de Sono Deming, Repco Cominco. TERESA: Buenos das, sor Este afo pasaremos Ia vteaciones up hotel que da ala playa. 2Cutl suglere Ua? ESTEBAN: Hay una playa excelente cof una arena blanguits no my ojos de aqul Ofecenbuceo, barquits come caneae, sre, cai ‘evaticey psen marina, Hay varias pscnas tambien, TERESA: :De veras? :Mabré uns eapecal para lo ciqutos?& nuestro Daria le gusta mucho juga en el agua Todavia ro ‘abe nadse ESTEBAN: Caro, ea piscina tiene vatios instructors de nataciony slvavidas, Cutts das permanecern Ud ea playa? TERESA: Las vacaciones de miesposo son cottas, une semans, ro ‘nas. Yoy Dario noe quedaremes all otra semana ESTEBAN: Buenas vacaciones! 1 the Nations Toute Agency n Santo Domingo, Drincan Repub ‘TERESA: Goo morrng This year we wil spend our vacation at that is onthe beach Which oe do you sugeest? ESTEBAN: There's an exer beach wh the whitest ant v= fom here The offer scuba ding, ite boats ke canoe SR water shing and deepen tahirg There ae als several si" pecs ‘TERESA: Realy? | wandert teresa spoil one for ie chicken OM; Tele Dann Shes to pay nthe water alot He silat im. ise that poo hae saver swimming insrctrs and How many days wil you spend atthe beach? neta’ vacation i very short one week, tha’ al ile ll spend anor wee thre. 3 900d vacation! IATICA Y USOS. 5 PT OF THE FUTURE TENSE ready earned to about he ture In we ways, The ay be used to Indeate an inet faut eer motere acto yu trom. r+ 0+ inte ato exgesces an inet hue maton, Tm going to ako you tomotron Teac acing hve tense ‘TENSE OF REGULAR VERBS eres mae poe whl ne psa nd A ions have the same endings: is ‘ mR see oak TOsPED TOBE © TO.OPENPosoremos ln vacaciones en loo. ‘We wt (hal spend ar vacation a the Dea big and ete ios quedorera al oe semana Pepa Welt spend acter week hee earpae, 13, THE PRESENT OF PROBABILITY mks se the tie tense to site or ak fsameting is probable ote of ras pscinas? Toner here are several pools tere? ies oars hacer macho eu cutie jarse probably be ble to do i of wate king po eetn to face the bee, tobe onthe beach 4. DIMINUTIVES: ‘iening pot heated pot Te ainuhe in Spanish normaly indeatos ether smal 526 vate ‘Meston and canbe aed for enpras, Vth te proper itorato, br Moy aes indents egust. The mini of nuns, asecive 28 eu ‘vets fared as flows Be For words ending ino cop the ast vowel and add to to s0im suining shora > ahora right now iesrucer ‘corto > corto sey short eguars water por Fer words ening nce ange the fo gu and do: cer anes & Hag ery white to g0sutog fee lates Tr bet fing seep fshing For words ending in-go, change gto gv and add water king soiba ding amigo > amiguto seal ere Fr nde Sma boat‘avbost to sty toremain ‘spend (ime) cool Ne cui). very sal 2, Realy? to bean ati, uray EXAMEN 1A. Contest e pregunta en una orci camper usando le pt, 1. eDinde pasar os vcore? lye) 2. Levant tmpo eterna? moto) 5 Sverton cate gst max 8? fro) 4 Sovnge se quedarén Use? Rotel ave doa ay) 5 Jobe sen es? abenics) B. Dé mit. ove: muchacholmchachto al presuta Tocutea a spor. 1 Wei oot bah cn 2 Wayovsay san nen 5. rao oweonng hh sea . 4 Cotes noone haters te Megs te Be? Pers ery wn anwar ay re ae fof the writs loveest beaches, boty Spaniards and Latin lage percertage of whom hve ner coastines, rete beach Ltn American courvies ar in the topics andthe weather each aces al yea ong frost beast beaches Inthe werd ae located in Latin ‘ove of the man reasons people vist counts The a Puerto Fico, However, with coe tp 20 rilon Amen Mesico has provn to be te number one destination for Lf the border Monica's Pate Ocean i General colder and Caboesn andthe beaces are usualy less pte (mary of dling), The YestanPeniauia—Carcon and su wel i2own for aan beaches, clr water, an great fahing i especialy pleniln the Sou of Corts, bes ‘San Lucas and MazaanPuerta Vaart, and youl all long the Baja Callin Penis andthe sate of os vacaciones en la ploy. 2. Extrem al en tei ds nad. 4. Nos quesoremos ene hotel que Soa salvos spobrecto 3. popelto 4, chquto 5. pregunta fale ploy pars nvesvosvacavones. 2. Se guederé ra un oletodo? 3. Ir nado ene ar. 4 gabe fn playa? 5. La arena ex bona y ef egus sempre esLECCION 29 EN ELGANCO. At the bon ele machines and you wi have mediate secs to your el Ho much wl! have to py fora checkbook and fr heck? A. DIALOGO fe Cheek ee an there wl be a reduces check charge ‘es un sueursl del Banco Satanderne de Cortogena, Colombo, PATRICIA: Quiero abi una cuenta cortinte £QUE servis ofc, anak itrestrate do you pay? Danco? no tree percent. wi you when charge. ROBERTO: Oecncscvetas 6 aoroscerteades de dene jon you Dk steer, rastamos teas de rt. Tambien, Us po epost g Searels a meter eetemenby wos ool Ye have reresetavstrouhou te wai? lrmadiate au dinero al the tua, mada, we tl don't have them. Bu by he we i hve care at a he rest eon PATRICIA: Muy bin Cuba tend que pager ora chenseay od ce chaque ebrase? ROBERTO: La chequera a grtutay abr cargos reduc por ‘hegue por rls meses. IATICA Y SOS. PATRICIA: 2¥ qué taca de interés pagan Uds? VERBS IN THE FUTURE TENSE ROBERTO: Por shora el ver por cient, Le diem cuando canbia Lider elastal fense ves have the same ending, thee ave changes Estar incicado en sue C of some of tha. ha PATRICIA: Tren Use representantes por todo el mundo? Bf he vot ROBERTO: A decc verdad, shor, todavia no los tenemos. Pro Teen ‘sen ‘final del af, habremos hecho todos los Waites para nee cat ttableceros. wu aa ree cad tet mae ‘a branch ofthe Banco Sartanderine Cartagena, Colombia. eel | ees tena aa PATRICIA: | wart to oem &checing account Wat cervices Sos 1H bank offer? tern sett ROBERTO: Wie oer svnge accounts, certFeates of depos, os ‘edt cars, Noo you wil be abet depos a check tone | etTends oceso mea a su dinero "You wit have este access to yout Tone. Salt oor ocho “They wl 9.04 a 800 end foo prviro Shel come ne yea. ere wen at the root por Quen Forave _ TowaNr ye [name | avert to | ats | oars | mb — Well te you when it ehanges roms | hire _| res ‘They wil ake the depose ie eles lor | rove | aver ene IRE PERFECT TENSE emambe that hab, “tere wl” she fr fay “er erect excesses an actin that willbe uillbe completes by 3 nthe ure trade up of the ture of haber andthe ar ros ei gore pos ses ‘here wil be a eden check fara fri mo ato, arenes becho todos los res, Eerie Jot te yea, we wil have cared out al the procedies paleo 1 cheque cuendo 6 saauee ier. saterss0e posted the check wen he wrens the money paderpodte Pedr depos un cheque en uno de nuestros ej tomas ‘vail be able to depost a check at one of ur automat tle Quere socar dinero Tel watt window money - 288. THE USES OF POR ‘he preposition por has various wes Habe na carga educa por sis meses: Tere wil bea reduced charge for sx mores Ganaremos mi ures por sémans "Ne wi orn ane ousand euros per week to eaeess “in xchange fr _eEuint tener que pagar por In chequera? How much wl | have fo pa othe chesOook? eto egress trough long, troushou" _Tionen svcrsales por toda la cudad? ‘Do you have branes trouhout they? to expres “or the sake of o"n lace of lo hars por mi? Wil ou dt fr me? «In common ifomatic exressos: por cento parent poe favor pease poreso for that reason VOCABULARIO| i banco nk Srong account fuera de ahowros ‘ent corrente | wan to open a checking account checkbook to depsta check ceria of epost tocathacheck = slp (epost ec) Se to make a wiranal tomatic ter machine to nave immediate accesso one money one-quarter prcet ane bark paesoook bank statenent ance ceo nat series des your bank ter? fornowee ae iin ‘orn os Sigulentesaraciones 2 Spin er tree weeks. [A Contest lo pregunts enon orci completa wsardo le pits. — uch do you want fr that ed converse? ingle her fone cred dors day by your house yesterday amake a sepoat, pease, 1 Casino sta tasa de interes? (3%) 2. LDande tonen Use eajero autondco? odes ls sues) 3. Que po de cuenta gerd Us? (event corte) 4. LQee sewicws acer? (prisons y tetas de crédto) 5. 2Que neces pro rear dinero? eet a pape Recon ara pobre dele Colne A con su antnino (anon) cTURALES Ja Coumno 8 atin America barking houts vary greatly tom country to arkng hous are fom 9:00 Am fo 3:00 nn, Monday tnd Saray mornings. There ar alco mtn half days and coWMwa COMA 8 1. ni ceo ounce ard barking procedures ae difteers from those inthe United 2. ato © reo fap Amercan pot of view, they peraps seem moe comp 3. cabrer & sepa iets 4 eat 5. chee ened 6. caer f depostor enters es es por cet. 2. Te fo forma de verbo ene tur. pe Teremos exer aoe on fodes os carsales. 3. Queré un conto cert. 4 eos: freien peste y tacts oe creator retard, ect res ye pape oe reo Btaesb oa 4. eos ere) Sh aca eres 2 renin 3. ger 4 abn 5, poor 2 te fers) WU, deposar el cheque an eur corvete? 2. 2 hd is cl eelap 23. Hare eceso meio ou cere #. Que haba eee [eto? 5,6 bauer les overdo, uler por exe conrerie rojo? 2 Lo est hociendo por 1D. Trasuce a espatol a len dares or ce 4. Pane por ty caso ayer 8. Quiero 1. Wityou be able to epost the check nthe savings accor? por vor 2. wa he oo for us? 3. Thre wll be Imeciate acces to you money 4 Who wil have mae the thea? 5. The baker il ta tom te ahLECCION 30 a We accept several carencies: ols, ponds, ees, US. doles Whats he exchange rat today? A. DIALOGO. at amount of mney? Ene ogencia de cambio Car de Cars, Argonne jharge one thosand dla. thats, the exchange rate 80 to he dol. RAMON: Seforita. me gutara cambiar unos cheques de visors ow uch do you charge fr the wansation? DEBORA: sefir.Aceptamos varie diviss: dares, ras, euros y eres charge one percent ofthe toa. order ot pay the a, necessary to exchange teas two thousand dla, RAMON: Teng délaresnorteamercanes JA euro ets el canbio Teal he to exchange one thousand hoy? Would you date and sign heehee? need ose your DEBORA: Para out candad de dinero? ofa purposes, GAeool Coca mil Boe is have changed more money but m here & short ee DEBORA: Para ex cantdad, el cambio esth a ochenta ola |ATICA Y USOS. IT CONDITIONAL, RAMON: ¥ zculntocobran pr la wancaccion? DEBORA: Cobramos el uno por cinta del total Para no pagar 6 tara seria necesaro cambia or le menos dos mi dares tence tls what would happen # something ce, Imps, were 0 rppen RAMON: De acuerdo, Quer cambiar os mil dares. She wou 99 he were nue) DEBORA: Por favor gpa poner a fecha de oy y rma ls In at case, woul change mare mane. cheques? Neceso ver su pasaporte para ines ofeiles = condtiona, a the folowing ecings to the complete iabriacambado mis dinero, pero me quedo poco ‘em They ate the same for al he conser RAMON: ‘tthe Zara exchange ageney in Corda, Argentina RAMON: wos ket cath some avers chessNote that he ver gusta equ nthe conto: ‘A luo le gusta cai ance cheques. ‘ch would ie to cash some checks. Veto wth epi fre stems have the same eau inne tener >tonsie poder pedro aber >rabo ‘gurer>qveia obi, “tere wows bee the condtona frm of hy (he ae) En exe coxo, habla muchos afcutodes In that cae, thre would be many aes. 12. THE CONDITIONAL PERFECT ‘The condo pret expresses what would have haspere ‘Smetting se, sated or ipl, Pad Rappeved the pat 8 {pl the conditional ofthe vero haber ard he past pac: tri combed ls dos ml dre, pero no ls necesteb. Twa av exctangd the to tsar airs bat eat ens fe cheque pero agerca de combo no esto aber. endorsed the check ut he currency exchange cce fen ‘OF PROBABILITY to tak about probable past event: Iwonder she was busy? They probably are ate COMMANDS AND REQUESTS caveral ways 16 ove a command command orm: Set cut 01 oma fami) ate occ, Peace st don, command or request mas 2 statement or demand seem ‘Several fos ae ured Would you be abe to change me money forme? woul ike cach hese cectTHE USES OF PARA “The prepoion por has vrs specie ves: change exchange traveler's check to dite, to wre the te 2, To eros purpose (order 0) wth nite Para no pagar in ans, debe cambiar dos mil doiaes to signa check Trorder rot to pay he feo, you must ange two thousand das, fecerhay Toren pect ie (ind of eureney bt speci oe Para ol mates, enrogaré el chegve te-change dlrs eto pesos Til elver he check by Toes. pound string € Tones an irtended ecient money con chee es part exchange ate The check forme. ours 4. To neat a destnaton toward) or purpose total sum Van para et pargue fea et “They are opr toward he park re ‘ to show one's pastport Necesto ver su pasaporte para fines ofcies reed see yous passport for ofa purses What she exchange rate today? Ine at tet othe cla wold the would tke'A. Contest a praganta en une eran complet vsando lo pc, (peo, ovsra! Honduras emp ipa dolore Minko peso menkono| Panam booa, US dolar 1. eAcudnto ext ef combi hy? (30 eta) ae eee 2. Gul aia quire combir? bros estrins) i fol $. 2d deo heer pore combs? eM ach y Fre cy Pueto ico dlr esadoundense 4. ce cia queria UL? furs) Repiblen peo dominiono 5, GPara cuando recesta Us le cheques? mate) Demiicana Uosiay peso quay Dé a Forma del utr squid da trma tl conticora eg Mosca er fare orm flowed byte condor) over jo) bia 1, vei tis) 2. saber) 13, hacer (oso) 4 queer (ue) ett 0 vena of lr, 2. Quiero cambio bas eters. 5. deer 60) nel fecha y femar el cheque. 4 Yo quero eur. 6: poner fluor) es cheques poral ares. 7, tener foie) jvenon 2 sabrés/sonras 3. haar avomas verfon 5 drlaro 6 pond/poraio 7 edrtend. © Teduzco 0 expotot fclermcs. 2. Hobramos 3, pero mo tnimosteiomos ares 3. Que hore Us. en esa stuoc0n? 4. ¢A custo 1. Tey mare probably sik hoy? 5 Elo utr combi cores ena pares 2. We would nave gone, bit we i net have enough dar 2, What woul you doin tat station? 4. What i the enhange rate for yen today? 5: She want 1a change dolrs for pesos NOTAS CULTURALES ‘us to constant econamic instal in many Latin American cou ther crrances are subject to extreme Hato. Repeated bates toible ig ntaton have resulted i continous devaluatons. gs ay {of carery ls changed on he Diack or pale! markt Yoni tarde ao cose The Spanish curency i ur, and ua American curencies a ie Pe tn nec curse sims1. Bisque rab. (Durante to et ore pasode) | 2. Sogn rctos de mercado, (Pecuetenente) I 5. Lenore os lermularios. (Senor) 4, Tomomosvococone on Mea (De jvenes) 5. Fos aa poy (Tdos ls tos) 8 Complete Inert con trmas del verbo hebr (Conplte ne feta wi fos of he ver habe) oon: Quite __ por Espata? (has wovete)iba vias 2 Flo elehague has deposed) 5. 2Quites no los estamos? (had bouts) §. GAdande for eniquis? fad gore) 5. Ela — vos cheques ve vigra vould have changes) ( Responda en una oracén complete usando pista 1. eutn guar? (nosotros) 2. Que ars? fl vers) 3. Quen vnc el gio postal? (el agente) 4, £Cudndo prin Us eto? (maton) 5. Din re quesrén Use? oro hoe) 1. Complete a ercin con “por “pora. (Complete te erence wh porer para) 1. eCuénto ganarés hero? 2 Elcoft exo 9, Posearan le playa 4 Quer terminar ——— eles 5. Vonos opr un desruena del cincuento cient. . Dé oe mperatnes peda, (Ge the commands requested) oceo: Come ea formal) Vengontemoror. muchos personas eno coren (The repre) (tara) (asc) on then formal 9) eu psc wet down (rma pl) (ferian ‘0 bring ther mal 53) espe ad you been ving in Mac when she ars? epost recheck inthe seins accoure prbably swimming x ou avorte Ine beach fa pas bythe carrency exchange oc ede fo buy fo buy two tichats for reopening odo ato psado acaba vata 2. Frecientomente de mercode. 3. Serpe enobn los ormulaiss tomabamos vacaciones en Meio, 5, Todos sofas lye ha deposits 5. hbian comrade halon io (vertemcs 2, Dr la vrdod. 3.5 agente vended ef 4. Manone hors ore. 5. Nos quedoromos on of 3. por 4 para 8. por fle fa 2. Pérgansee! 3. Poor usted 4. jlo ata! 5. No re obde do toot. tiompo hacia que vivian em Mac cuord ele legs? 2. Po tf eheque en 1 venta de ahrras. 5. Estrén redone playa tovort. 4, Debar pasar poe casa de combi pors pera ela 5, Me gusta uiseracomorar dos erodesLECTURA i a Ere los patos telcos mexcaros fay mcs de gen NSPNo yo deinlencia azteca Loe pares de cocina" mesiana sn ra ron yas hbichucas” acompatados de cre, per coders pescado, depercieno da egion, atorta qe ur ipo de tata hacha de arine de mai aconpate muchas comidas Es tambien a bse” ge as enced fost (uesaag™y fates" Loe menaroscomen le ramen, ne ‘besa ocon In comida Hay micas vredades'® de ln cra Tap haben verdes ys oles nego Tabi ay mas de vere clases de af peas wsadas on la prepracion de ets pls tpcea oe enancecomen ere pro menor una vez diay algurc: pie Inelien tart carne como aen* Lincocina mean ua ingredients expeciesy varias sales, lol E moles compone de abo trets ma a seri ge steamo.® chocolat, ils. La preparcin del mols base ‘ompicaday por et raz, sos sive en oasones especies ) fee ote, dagger to tae (rm someone) Wat was taken om you to wound teu to ighten to atempt escape toyel wines pele eco cree (eect sonar ‘Sto Care Wath out Leave me aor! Huet Stop hen! Ire an emergency ao ornate socivey Ye pregurta en una oracon completa usando pista. es deron los lcranes? (Manos arial) fs siteron?(eutadesas) orn fox eter) omeran? fe paise) es hon hecho? (ning) a Yr pasa. (Crurge to he pase vice) nos sopreniron, Serres por aoe hos esattaron eno cle, ‘tocar ais hombres. Me node ae prender ais criminal, stl enges bt we were harmed sured y the men wth gan tached inthe suet but aherupen leaving theNOTAS CULTURALES LECCION 32 TMIRANDO LA TELEVISION. Watching tteviton ‘Spain i relay safe courty. Over the lst ety Yeas ‘ome nas erence sstartiytroughout Latin Arteria for 2 ‘tasore: the great dpa n nce among he population: =n huss iroughout the work the growth of ctessurounded {Sus Imerel pola and soco-ezanamieprotlams andthe lc tg bl ye of sce ‘Despite Latin America's periods of apparent prosper, poverty — ee da Ie . wideopren. Acorn tthe Worl Rsoutes Iti the pores! 20 poner oe eres eet ee ane Tena tre population ecenes a smaller hare ofthe regions icone nel program del dia, a esta hora solo pasan novelas en thor any oer regi, les than 4 percent. Land ownership co os. trated win a very arial arcertage ofthe pepuaton, and ce (tonite in oat Lan American courties wer el notclero del canal educative ota vez una Win te regen economic recession came declined soc cen fen el cable o un video en la video-grabadora aan potion (ed bythe growing reed fr autoroble). 2 ne oe eee eee 4 fess wendrin los nites. Pediin que cambiemos cana imitar la “Plaza Sésama," una comesia © unos dtujos hoy es sbado, te aconseo que no insatas en eso, RESPUESTAS la semana, pices que te obecescan ys lo hacen, eee eee cc Re Be eh real ea ete a ome peer amen to cece ‘ie I a fo tur onthe television What rogram do you want mePABLO: | pee to se the news onthe educational hanno ciel atom vemiui tim on able, a veo on the VCR CHANGING VERBS [RLENA: Sac you akeady instaled he eatalit Bh, let te int g ics Sagi tis nd suas rte rogram by stele hat you 9 he command tothe frst pao of he hopping theo and adlng te opposite rel that sor a0 for-er and ir ves you ad PABLO: The Kis willbe here s00n, They ak us to change he They probaby wart o see esse Steet, a comedy 0772 ce some carts. Veh fice a; ELENA: You know that | en he them to stint o he sre er TOL0OK Toru TouVe rb uct a pore sal, ee, have reguarsubuncive Language has meods, Uni naw, you have studies tenses in he Ht person singular of te present ndtv mood inaeatve mood, wi the ocd af fats na very toad ese Subjncive mood might be called the “neo of dou” Wrst 5 Pompe, sv. cig, hoga, ig, vege, ot Goubt ewer the actin wlindeed take lace “The sdbuncne mood ry be conedeed a xm cf ee om second persons plural, o>ve and e>ie ada changing ora command you ge an ere sear: whether ar andr corjgations ret ote og vows! of he PABLO: As today Saturn. aise you not 0 inst en Ou ‘week you ak hem to cy you ana they ely do. GRAMATICA Y USOS 4. THE CONCEPT OF THE SUBJUNCTIVE Veter rot he peraen wll ap Uncen Aral l= sean eee of te sancne moe. Tost TOWORK eee ea sien esses | quer + a quer Set + sere aur ques dare + eros: enemas. | qu + amos: vers see assets | ger dc ede Genter seren | quer ton qucenFor -irradeachangng vets the folowng vowel changes oc WICTIVE CLAUSES EXPRESSING A REQUEST, DESIRE, Frat and second persons lara eiesuse o>uer seu 2 sbjncive form used na dependent clause that ouch oe thee paren Mon ‘TO PREFER ToDe to wish to want yo [pce a: preeo ‘| oer ermro soviet 7, bref sx pefiras | er +.05 meres toate oregen Use ete | peferta:preteo | merte:muc ied ross ax | pe ome prefranes | mur + OT: matinos to recormens (Reoranax| prefs peas | mur a mck jefe Luton ses | pre + on pretran | mony + ans mcr coe Ser verbs ae used to express a request, deste, ot an actin by acter person or up OF pple wh are (els) se senen ont la para them stn arto he screen, involving he subjunctive, such 35 these, wey mode up Jeter and a dependeneclause Jone by te word que reo note ta web ending in -zorchange to z in he subuncin BAL Gate + gue + 00) pangs le savin man that you turn onthe teleion”o “| wat you to umn Sugiro gut snares el canal aco. Tscaget you tune to che lh en tpn ot mn cst ene 26 26520st programe quires ase yo pangs? ‘hat program do you wart me ur Pern que cambios econo. “hear charge the cha English does rt use the abjnctve often these sentences the inti tee If hee eno change n subject flowing the var of dere. deman request Spanish ves the nitive 0. Petro ver atic Torte eae the news VOCABULARIO ‘tlevisor Ia tel,t telewsion poner la telavinisn pager Ia television ‘ero que ponges Ta teleiion. encender (ie) sintniza tiara alesis ‘a pantala programa fared (tleyrovela pas Esta noche pasa nuesta novela favor Comedia lon uj pelela Wideo/ideo Video grabacora hanna station educational television te dango chante abe by sataine to meta to 008) er inetie) taint on sccorng 0 terion programme) wa yo to tr on he pregunta eo une acon completa usonde ope to nen on igh) Rs sects, ‘ote in sugieres? (canbe! cal) to wate televsen ahora en tele? (rai) thesceen avers que Ragan os nihos? iar ete por macs oaran et cameos? fier ico) seep epera en parttsis pars hacer una erin el tostow ee {4 te words parenthesis to make a sentence nthe tonight ee beoadeast aa cones 1 1 fea. fim, move vende (qe ets) viseo sar chore. (qv cence i el? fve yo) elverfompron. (ue) Sears ove Us)Sopa aaneeroucag LECCION 33 1 Sast curs com lrg ) Sree 2: Rete ccs 25 fe re) Earn en ene wen 1, Say that you wana fo trn onthe tlevson. 2. hak Elena whic prog she prefers 0 watch 5. Ta extque that you dono recomend that he instal 2 ish U8 podamos ir al cine esta nathe 4, bok wh nits on changing the cha. consular la cartelera para ver qué exten Mia, amor Sy at you dona want the amy to tune into the so8p cpa jun festival dela oben de Mala Flix, NOTAS CULTURALES MNP farce ZA ib hors cobderes lc Orca Latin Anetcan telenovelas (np operas) are eee pos: sa Gage and oe proauced primary in Venezia, Puerto io, Neco, ‘Nonna Yeu soap operas prodced the USA are also i irom ‘her Latin America. Tey crate a era sion fr the poor pee for an hour or two a ng, can patpate i the Bes ac posi he weabhy mide cace. Some of he ros sucess eens, a ai pace amstaa mae ue el auctorio este len. cTomamos ago? be es 0? cRosetas RESPUESTAS Donde nos sentamos? 1A Quiero que vemos na conad. 2. Te spiee ave comes fins sence crc de a pant Soros Ara pevn al pacar, 4 No qure qe snes ‘Be pr muchos nor 5, Teco qe rss und. gue no lees contigo los antojs! Note apcoximes a. 1 Deseames que ols lo vendan 2, aio en gue s0 NO ban, sentence eae ceed 5. Gorefercs que yo encend lo? 4, Me gusta qv t= ; segran Goes qv Ute srtn aga 6.1070 omens: es wa pln ance y neg. {a trames tote 7. Inst qa eave congo. 8, cOs8 seca canon? 8 Pretereqvenosaos veo far! 22 Vasa eacchar un dogo apasionedo, re qe luo ongaercenda a fee. 2 eo. 288 Pe icteres rer? 3. No te recemends gue ses un 0 run nate en cabinet Ne deseo qe foi We Can goto he moves ont. 269VERA: Let's check he move lings to £68 whats of. Lo0k daring There’ Maria Fl i fsa. ‘ARTURO: You the thse roms ns. Bu please dont tar yng. A aha ime doe the show begin? VERA: A eight ode Lats 931 ater inthe stl Theater: VERA: Wo What crowd [ARTURO:m fod the theater maybe Fl Do yu Want 0 «at ometting? Popcorn,» so nk? VERA: Ofcourse. Where shall e st? [ARTURO: Les sets near the screen VERA: What apy you dnt have your sases wh ou! Don't 0 to coe, OF e's here. “ARTURO: ts beginning now a Back and white fim VERA: Be quiet You're ging 0 hea some passionate diteoue B. GRAMATICA Y USOS 4. IRREGULAR PRESENT SUBJUNCTIVE VERBS ‘Whe most resent subjunctive forms come fom he fist psn prever indeae, the fling verbs are totaly regu: fsIAR sen nsen saseR DAR TOBE TOBE TOHAVETO KNOW TO GVE TO GO. ‘stenos ssanos hayonos seporos dence voyanoe ee ee (ese Sean hojonSepon oem jan theater ay be fal ne ves! that you ae oi! 6 las ena. eto ge them the teks osirts ae they be sets inthe back SSUBJUNCTIVE OF VERBS ENDING IN "ZAR In-car, gor and zor make the same sping charges Biden ToPaY ny2, SUBJUNCTIVE CLAUSES AFTER EXPRESSIONS OF EmoTion mich. Dont goto cose men a er of emotions ued nthe man ese, he vero dependent causes inthe subjunctive, The folowing vero ene subjective nthe dependent dau ad yomos + 0+ tive to form the “e's” commune be expressed with te nosctes, 25 frm ofthe tb. Tne oly esception vamos, et go" ithe the prone sbjnctve une olegrorse de tobe hope about ‘stor content de to be hapoysad about ee sper to hope lets command, the also he vib ending tener min de tbe aid of hen te abject pronoun se or nosis tached te pats tolew " Lets go. Lets se hi "rm hapoy tht there ae so many people "command requtes the ebject pronoun before the Tima the theater ray be fl Lets not there 1906 poe. ‘Que pena que no lees congo les antonios! ‘What pty you don tak your gasses wah out revies, mone theater sustorim 44, THE NEGATIVE FAMILIAR COMMAND AND THE “LET'S" ee ommaND ais the present tense there area few exceptions Theresa f to tow ‘command he second person singur ofthe resent suc What ae ty showing tight? ‘here are no excestons tobe showing Moc! Ne 2K Don't look rans hie Box) eee tee ues Des fim fsa ‘The object ronauns ae atached to he peste command, bs se recede te negate command ris seats in te backrosetas de maiz epcorn [patito de mai) retesco soft arnk cr blanco y negro In back and white loge alogie 1 lrgometae fest lenght i cortometae ror fin ‘ear una pbcla ‘fie los anteojos eyeistes mor mio uring ‘allarse tobe quiet Be quit te be nappy abo obese te nope tobe aa of toro famert to getcoze par = I EXAMEN [A Coneste opragunta en una eral completa undo le eee expras gue oles hogar? (legr o's bro) ut temen olor? fo hoy alerts) Que me ees? fart) ‘ue to de peal o? enter {Que lamentr? (a pelo es en blanco y 69°) fanaa y negara des spun vo. Ge the fend negate lamar command af the folowing ves) ven, 20 von008 you are hay that here ate many people at te movies, ifthe teste prebaby tt you wat him and yout st near he sereen at Your er peters that you ac he not buy popear. Wed tha you hope tha te fins nel cTURALES and Argentina have has high ailty fm nse protic by rich aed rectors. Talented Sparishspeang ac have had sucess careers n Hlyacod ance hese from the Unted Sate and other ratons ae exreney pop the Sparishpeaking word ue ols Nepuen ol ora. 2. Tenen ave oo hayo aster, gue te cals, 4, E: une peice seramenta 5. Lamento ove 300 en bianco y negra ies 2 slino sales 3. hari hag 4 onine ponges pagues 6. sno eae ue haye mucha gente en el ce. 2 Arturo ceo Mero? 3. Quiero que nostos nos sees cerca de 4 amigo sretere gue no compremos roses de mois gue a plcui se0 a coresLECCION 34 have to sayin shape Tey ate careful about what ney LOS DEPORTES Sport dort an oo much echo, inant al ence How ke o spend my werkng hours A. DIALOGO fil ren a tens court, or on arming ack En un bor cera del Estadio Bernabeu se Moar, Epate ey usos EMILIO: Dudo que haya otro deporte mas exigent yemecicranta nuesizoftb0 ‘CLAUSES AFTER EXPRESSIONS OF DOUBT Saracen faced of doubt o dena take the sbjucve ina dependent I aera fd byt ance [MILIO: Quiero decir ue pars expecta no hay 7 gue se ‘CARMEN: Claro 1s futbalsas se dedican al cutive del cuerpo: son to dou Imosculsosy daleador al mimo tlmpo. No zon come esos teeny Ihombrones dl fitbolnerteamercana 9 oe boeadores serlaieés peta EMILIO: Los deportiststenen que mantenerse en forma Son ee ‘uid con fo que eomen y no toman muchas bebicas et me Seriya carne sloohotes, 9 sacri CARMEN: Hombre! No toes surf, (Como a mime gustarie pasar as horas de trabjo en un campo de fibol, er una tenis, o en una pista de atietsmo! 61 jugue ol tes cone. eit play toni win you. ‘ts bar nae the Bemabeu Sadum in Machi, Span a rs el tl dont that requres the subjuncive Exressons sich 35 he subnet EMILIO: | doubt that theres anche sport more demancing an lg There ening tat “her sn one who oer ie ath CARMEN: dnt nk yu pay another sport EMILIO: | mean hat, forthe spectator no ether one compares Ww CARMEN: OF course soccer players ae dedicated to he cut of ee ods thy are muscu ad leat atthe sare time, Tey ke hase lg men of Nort America foobar Powe€. The yr rer (to bale) usually flowed by he nig Ceo gue td etd ben Ti tit avenge. I ceo que jugues oo deporte "dont nk you pay anther sort. Crees gue ates venga boy? ioe tovrabere er idee avgmertatve endings gees indicat urge sia, but can dike, Mor augrentatives are masculine words ecing 2. VERB + PREPOSITION + NOUN, refering to femaos howe, se on. ugmertative, p ta fal vo! and add the ending Yeu have learned hat verbs take a prepetion den) wren folowed by an infive, There are aba verb which resue = epost when flowed by 2 noun > elslin (rae) reception or > elslon (0g) ea char > eheucharon lase > ethombrén jg man S elzoteron confmed bacrelor ‘Se dedican al cutive del cuerpo “angle woman > In soterona spinster. ld mais “hey ate celeste othe cl oftheir bode. detcoree ends ina consort. simply add the ending es > mulerona big woman pera Wo hay ovo deporte que se compare con el ftbo. There len other sport comparabet accee rescore po stasiom {ass poccopa mt por an — ‘Ste wore a deal about a ae ed Us fot amon entrar en est cas. enn Weare eteing te howe.{ugar al er ‘fa tvita ‘fo boxeador() (la expectador() tmorelo uo del cuerpo cancha Inantenerse on forma avegat Daloncests gait elteis ‘ebidaalcoin compararse con ‘uldadoro ‘bar cxigente dslado desicarce a Intrearee en por nogar (26) salir de puede ser aust talvez ‘oeg over specatr msce scuar Cito he body fel (per) cont emis), trek (ring) to keep nse progam, regimens fet seb got ing tocempae wih tbe corpse te the bar ee. ‘ieog dicate te deca oes 0 tobe terested in woey to eave (apace) paras xe pregnta en ana orocion complete wand (ata deporte se delca Us? tens) (acs? los se ontinen en forma) riegan? Pay deporte més exigent) ee $8 neresen? fos pobre) on? (9 haces eercicos) joracionvsond opis, ue women hoy. cee) que vegan he cho perzonos que hacen eo. No hey rae) fue sn neo. (Ouse?) ger aon (Tel vz) que Te hacen. (eger) oe ry Internonte (No hy pad) fiend you doubt that Ne can dedicate him to «ser nd abe beieves at eocer he most tiling Spor. ou Wee dary ta ther'l bea cron a he sadam, {ou don know anyone who is 9 beter athlete than 38 Ios siguientes prequnios con opto, Use fsbo ‘muchos que estin cerca de ui? (No hy) Imuches ave ayudon ono” a cosa? hoy) Imac ics que inereson? (No Ny) Us. oeguien que es Frances? (A nae) 10s que encontrar l estado? to eo)NOTAS CULTURALES LECCION 35 The mos important spr a Spin nan Are 2c Th ae cout the hatry af he game atin Americans have been ang Baz has won the Word Cup fhe tes, and Argerdina and Ung boty won tice. Some soccer tums m Ltn Amercan capt cag trove than 150000 speciators. Many counes have week or diy I pcs ik scan, Moe papers totaly deccate to socer Jona, sina 1 Mandal, Wiha long crv bast erigated in the Basoue region 2! Sp aqui su reervacin, slr Una habtaciondable con ‘7 popular today Spain ann Lat Arr. Jar sre acondicionao. te que me den un cuarto que estéen un piso RESPUESTAS c * iso bajo habitacion 403 estar Ista dexpute de que la impien [A 1M dec of tens. 2. No cro que fos 4 mantangan enna. Re eee one 2. niegon que hayo deporte ms exigent. 4. Se nteresor ero g arr obras, 5, Dado gue Nags Hers. Bt No hoy nace que hoga es, 2. Dudes que Seon cos. 3 Ta vad sau rs din, Es posible que Use. guarden el le guste fuga leis 4, Neg que 19 haga. 5. NO hay nado muy nteesone €. 1. Code ave ti puedos dedcorte a vn deporte. 2 Crees gue e Fito! sal Geporte ri emacorante? 3. Dude due 1 leportataslatete gon une eta expec. 4 Ms omg eg Bab necsesio. con yo bore pore El otones ee fo guardard aqui hasta que la esta, ayo ura macheaune en el estade. 8. No cancaco 0 rade oes team 1, Too hay na que ext cerca de gu. 2 No hay nace ave me Fees fl secretin on ste hot «a Vinpior a casa. 3, Ho ay ringan lire que re interese. 0 ‘conosco nade gue sea ones 5, No creo gue encuetes ee bien, Digan Is extension dl servo dal cua est of he hotel Cinco stl in Acapulco, Meco ive your reservation ar, si A double room witha private ar contin.MIGUEL: 1's proterate that you ave me a room on low fos: Jepresers which express Fact are otowed by the MANAGER: Room 403 il be ready ater they lean Here's ey. How many day wil yu be staying a our hotel? MIGUEL: ibe nee forte day. et poe for YoU thd my baggage? MANAGER: Of couse The belboy wit keep here nt th oon JNCTIVE AFTER CONJUNCTIONS OF TIME MIGUEL: Fr my meting, i's naceasary hat finda seoetary wn ols conjunctions tha inate aide fue Soaneh and Porugucee MANAGER: Ye have sch a ecetary inthe hte i casita MIGUEL: Very wel. Tel mete extension fr rom sence. ibe recy afer fey ean MANAGER: Fr fod and dink peas cll extension 333, fotowed bythe subjncve nce mints (he) de gue (ate. foloning the conjunction isin the past tan an inate B. GRAMATICA Y USOS 4. THE SUBIUNCTIVE AFTER IMPERSONAL EXPRESSIONS (eee epreasis at ated dear eon, done ‘emotion or doubt ate lowed by the sbjuetne: {CTIVE WITH AN INDEFINITE ANTECEDENT Es necesro que yo basque una secretari We recesany thal ind a seceary. follows a relative pronoun reering oa person o ting er eetan acu eocin que es en un piso bo. ere ae some additional impersonal exresions which are followed bythe snc fn ow floor, But sch room may not be arabe) es posible Riposble 40 s0p0 espaol y portguts. fr posible Ie posse fore secretary who kno Spanish ae Portuguese er peterble Bi prteable of may nt eit a be avaibie) prounoun rere to 3 person of thng known oes hen seretori qe sabe espaol y ports secretary wh knows Spanish and PortugueseVOcABULARIO. Ia ecopcion “Tengo una reseracién. hospedarse hospedara on hotel? Quisiers unt nabtacion po habitacion doble impels habtcion ‘estar isto sguardar el equipsle malta ‘lc botones| ‘cha ato bao particular servi de cunt ‘aie acondiconado tiackce vist a ar tna cals de valores Intaretaive ‘a extension ‘coms y bebidas Ja eapacdas hasta que despues de que Es necesaio imposible Its preferable Fe important lobby reception desk indenter Ihave aresention to say at hot! How many sly be ‘tthe hot? voor a pregurts en ura zien complete uzonc a pita Fae a room one nh ipo de habtcisn wsco?(haitacssn cole) eubie oor noche se hospedoré Ud ene hae reso cust) to dean te com Jer en le habtecion ahora? vende este ito) to be aaa, tobe rey fra secrete gue habe portugues? ro, ninguna} Soc aplaliy pid comiasy bebias? (seco de cu) bebop ee 9 anon: arr a manager who brows 2 lt about etl buat, bathroom thatthe rooms be occupies al th tire private bth she lehare, we wil be rd, roar erie man who ea dot ar condtionng boy ares Ne wil hold the goa Geter te a | ve acing the cea" erin 2 saley-depost box Pa manager tat you have a reser Sora room with cary bat fecenion lephone) fe manape at what tive th oom wil be ready - bebo to put he sutcares yur rom Bie sevce that you war them prepare a smal party. a manage that you reed a sexe wo speaks Spansh, abiity ste siwentespregntos con lo psa. Use el ubjntn, ther venir conmigo? (es pose) Ietenecessary. tus deudas este nes? (ex mponbie) 1s possible et ovtebis ol ven? fs preterdlee ten) tis ieponale ue rellonar? fs necesarfe formula) lerminare proyecto hoy? (Ses pose)NOTAS CULTURALES ‘vide vey of internaensl and loa hotels ae fod ross Spars speshing wore Spain, and in some places in Lain Arey ce ake avartage of a persia eral hotel, often family cored tmaraged fling singe scommodations ap, yOu wat, Som Net only ae the cates lower ta those of Rots but they ofr family atroephae RESPUESTAS aor 0s myere, rod open 1A. 1 Busco una hobitacsn debe 2. Me hospedoé ene ot! es 2 cra oches 3, Ud pod entrar eno hott cuando csc No no hy ningun secret que hbleporaguss 5. Us. oe comida ybebides servicio de cart. a exacln co a forna correcta el verb on soto. 1. 1 Necestomos un gerete gue sepa mucho de hotles 2. Fs a ccanacusn acne Importontegoe los evo estén ocypodoa (que os hebitocones expos) fod Sega 3. Mientras ela est eau estaremos i 4 Conese «un hombre que puede hacer, 5, Después oo. ue tol ra (egresregrser el botonen,guerdae ol equizje C1 Teng une reserve para una babi cn ba pricdo. 2. 2A igen) hove estat taf obtain? 3. Panga las malts en hood pesos tc ies cro, os) 4 Quiero gue Us preparen ana pegue festa, 5, Necesito uno ide que tnt persons ou? (haber) Seren que hole expel eae a 1D. 1-Es posible que voya conto. 2s inposbe que pogue ms de oi ite mes 3: Ee prtere que tomes ete en lugar del 0s {Ts neces que elles el formloria 5. Si spose ave terminemoso proyecto No ext Gamiar sa) (amiars9} In shape. (90 9a) the rom bear non. (rir 55)© (aoe sonrce eh fe tne mba ms LECCION 36 rere DR CCPAMICACION. Tha mein and conmuictons ooo: Ee seguro que capac. (etarsts 1. Juegon por qu nosaras —__ ganar pode) 2. Exevidente que ellos ——_razén (ene) 3. Mentrs nscros — agus horomose] abo (sa 4 Comensorn depute de ue ) —— (lego) queria que compara ol perce de hoy 5 Esimpostie gute gerete ——— tanto. caer cs iasce &, Tosuzca a spor tulares de os perodios aen noticias chocanes, La presenta notes de desastes, robes asesnatos, 1, Were there ay witesses? (guerasy sequas--nada mae 2 Inwhicn ote! wl ou stay? . 5. Sacer is a vary demanding sat. jr que no huber tales ntcas, pero ls 2 Lets tun on the teson no hechos reales, 5. Fm ata that tare reno sets inthe move test. IE rics 6. They avert hed me, but hey taken my watch Bere et pasado 9 We ware you to got the ies hs. ex no dabieras le a primera plana nl os edtovies, 1. The big man ie Bone Tas noticias chocantes 1. There ino one who wars dt 10. W's important ote ohn come, me iterenan la secciones de finanzas, deportes bros © clasieados RESPUESTAS enveteerte cone craciramay las ia comicas 1A 1B prograe he vio por ests. 2. Ls mje feron ot eae ori lcrones 3. La pla fue ras pore cineca 3. U8 aa seu pol dear. 5 I tobe Sr Reto ore BE econ sto 1 verges 2 estemoe 3, hoy 4. vyon 5. eve hoya sepamoe ods a gris mans con Seotemonos aut/Vomes a sentarnos oul 2. No vengos Pe re 3. bucroll 4 Montergomonos en forme ers 0 martes eer ers lg trem 1. 1 padomes 2 Uenen 3. etenos 4 Degeste 5.5972. 1: Fiab testgns? 2, cn gue hot! 2 hspedaré Uc? 3 € ta ce to deporte muy exigent. 4: Pongamos Jo eels ahor. 5. Te to boa aves em ef ce 6 No me an Peco data pro vant yuo buy the newspaper ada. tulad ret 7. Quremos qe nay a cn con masts 8 Ipotnte deca von gue ven, prensa. Loe antler yo faxGGABRIELA: ny not? What happenes? aerate een 1. oe Sue Sk he eal eee Sear ES ae a AROLDO: If ry we learned fom the past GGABRIELA: Maybe you shoul rend the est page or he eon ‘order to vod the shocking news. HAROLDO: The financial pages spars. book eviews, and cssited secon dotnet ne wach HuBiERONUERON’ UB De GGABRIELA: You could entertain yours with te crossed pan ‘comic sips or the pose ck. ‘nea ee bors ‘eros WAROLDO: I's beter not to buy the paper. moto reac GGABRIELA: i's rot onthe fault of the pres Sates ana fox alow volar al the wares mifruares with gest seed Ba ‘here's aluays something teresting, and mse ht thee ib pod ns, oo! THE IMPERFECT SUBIUNCTIVE B. GRAMATICA Y USOS stunt i use nthe sae contents a the preset hen the man clause exreses deste, doubt, se. The 1, FORMS OF THE IMPERFECT SUBJUNCTIVE actors the tence ofthe main eat desorbed elon Form he root ofthe imperfect sbjncive of al verb rom te ‘erton lal ofthe peter. Oro theron and ac he low orange aint wan wa re ent m8 a Pat you wee preseneta aude ave legoran Tha ubted that hey would ative habia pete que @ dere vero Jeeta congener ‘She ha ashes hi to tel the th Wenge ergrtant fru oh, ich 8 oo (ve) (nk wish Mat, hope tat) afl lowed by ete he present or te arpertert subjunctive "past mein SEQUENCE OF TENSES WITH THE SUBJUNCTIVE ofr you have seen thelr and eso the present stn The present abjacive is ved when he man verb expresses dort wat you's ead ees ol JUNCTIVE AFTER CERTAIN CONIUNCTIONS ae 1 avast owing ese concn: srs pce eo: Se hac ot por so that meer nat ee shows Eveinghas ben dre ores nen neve wn gee cna conrane il ue eae erica Sete ae Tal Nn to rea he nevopaot ora ue sepamos is nates con may ride ‘The imparts bjncve suse when he main vernal has been dove or us to ern the news move guy (retare, mperes pst pete). ore candona ese fe con tol qu gnres notices inert ne quer qu comprar the tslevson you provides at you Ignore the news rnevspanet svete Fue mejor que escctora Spenco 2 menos ue Wage sto eres nats, tra ete for ni iste ewspaper anymore, uss bing nly god mens pee ae (arhough ven tough olowed bythe subjunctive shes to pty cub odd be bana ee veeNoo aréavrqe a init Tan dot athoogh she may iit. But maybe she weit) no doubt is mpd te inate used Me gato vobajar aunque me canso mucho. Tike te wrk trough get ey ted VOCABULARIO| Joe medios lee medios de comuniacion las novieas prensa periodico primer pane fa column ‘columns de chsmes feito etic cerstre guerra sequin violas tragedia las desgracias tinanzas low casiindos fl evcigrama {as tras coins ‘ora sates veranie biome i 2 Ll tat) hope th. api shocking to entrar ones to have 9 good resi, means trea of constuction, rag renopazer headline fecal Preguto en ura eracbn completa usando opt, coun ules ef perso? ees financos) ob percep le strange spss can stort eval primera lon? urs y cesses) rie rape aIuen?enrcenerse con os tro ccs) aa ompraseo perio? pods lel) war Mncestobo? fo lores no ean meresots) ao as notes? (rst) ns a orctn uso verbo on parts. tragety ioe, esta! (vere) farce, fare page hombre ave sepa hacer’ (Busca) lasted ads a ea eve (book fir teste) tatasere ea eaeeesere LECCION 37 ra einp thee pipe, TFESTVALES. Holidays and festivals 1 Say that you doubt that ings wil be beter 2 sd at an em fin 3: Say that you hoped that ewyore would have a good tre 4. Tellyour fend that you asked ert stn fhe ado ev, rapido pacan los feriados de afl Parece como si ayer the sous [Ao Nuevo y equi estamos ota vez en laviepera dels here de Los Angeles, Colton, 5, Say that you econmended ht we tel the sh mie fiestas durante el ao sin duda las NOTAS CULTURALES mucho durante! sho. Ea Cvreema,festeiamos la Ando, television, nowepasers and magazines are exten opi rae ails dloages tbe Spuruhepeaing won, Cable ad sates evson oe oad tage ce tera cale vary expense oy menbes of Per gos wre abe tare ec ts marta Se 41 de os Tabane var 2 Santa Barbara ght fone daa pare Oi cre lath mes id Span You may check er _wwaw.chnenespanal com. : é ‘Si pudiera, iia alld otra vez ahora, estamos aqu,envohendoregaos, escibiendo pee Yadornando la cars 1A Le primers pana lve nots de gues y dss ee peta street pose gue lun s eretivero eon ls ts coca. 3. evbdeo pore auc i puderas eer, 4, Me metabo ove ro fcronterezanten. Lo notes legan por steite 1, 1 Buscaba un hme que spiro hacer 2. Fra porta ai 0s un al tr eli Navidad Ieylrmos los ates 3. Estamos tts gue no os 1 Duos que pueran vei? , Ojld gue oleae! ble que hayarosolvdado algo? 6. No quirs duet yas exe program de elvis, 7. No vet Io Los Angels, Calor, ene conmigo el domingo. 8. State aq por fer. 9. ond Cimprome ese vest por fovor. 10. Quer qu pies 1 icy the yes halides goby! seems a if yestrday 1 Budo ue los oaae sean mejores. 2. FoeiEranecsar "Sand here we are apnn on Cheisira Eve amorare et peredco? 3. Esprcba que todo e) mundo avetorerase drier 4, Tepe que escuchar los oc BE ha Iho. sc cy rd sobre a sequi.5,Recomendé ave ajeamos overdoNORMA: We di 2 his yes AE Lent we clad OU rand “Jn Doing Easter Wook we took cu vacation. RAUL: Aterwar on Labor Day we visited Sana Barbara. Con yay revere? NORMA: OF couse cold go there agin nom RAUL: Ad ete we are again wrapping presents, iting cern aed decorating the house NORMA: An coking the ross sucking pig ora re! La cele RAUL: Ist possible tat we've frgaten anything? NORMA: Yer—t0 wich each other Merry Cvisas! B. GRAMATICA Y USOS CCONTRARY.TO-FACT SENTENCES IN THE PRESENT ‘Aconrarytofac sentence exessos an action tht igh ave ‘eztred but dd ot Inthe presenti fed a alos 1+ imgrlec sbjonctve + onan | naire més ets, sn due los celebrariomes. Tire woe rere hada, trou a doubt we'd celebrate te there aren't mere) | puters, ie a oa vex Would, Pd go tere again. (Bt can) aa oto ve, spoon: a go there again cou ISION COMO St coe 3 (i i aways followed bythe imperfect. ayer ua! Ato Noro IF yesterday as (were) New Year's PERFECT SUSIUNCTIVE pect sbjncive made up ofthe presant subjunctive past partie hoyorosobidade cio? that we've forgtenarthing? he present perfect subjunctive is used in a dependent a verb the presen ore 10 hay hecho os preparacines. hey have made the pepuratons. hoy (ne ay) feral Happy honest tocalbate cebraton ere (beer a ply) New Year's Chama ery Camas togveaght tewrap ge to congratulatea Canresma Paacuasla Pascua Fonda ‘Semana Santa domingo de Paseuas ‘uinceahere fesiejar festejar el cmpleafos Reyes la de los Trabaadores Dia de lor Enamorados Dia de a Acin de Gracias Dia de a Raza ‘ia de Todos los Santos strato len cst Weck Easter Suny 2 is nent bith ary Geant pry at heen yur brtnday Eiptany Labor Day Valerie's Day “Thanksgiving Oay colar Day A Sits Oay ts (ity feast sung ig pregunta ean orci complet usando le pit. gue 70 90? fervor regs) fees? ele ha elebrodo su cmpleaos) ade ies? ( Mex) eseobon? (pasos flees Sst) fs oer tv cunpleanos? comprare un regalo) orci al tempo pasado gue legan demo ‘ue ligorano tempo vergon qe digas fo vero. miedo de que nae nos vite. gue pueda agar a tempo. tet spat. yu wanted your fens to eerate he holy with your fiend ha you feel sit you were acid wha new Mt he had te ine, would he goto Sart Barbara agin fer what she wou df re had more money. Phil woud celebrate Mis bthaay wih his parents # ey Inds emp, (a todo ot muse. ints nero te (compra) euguet meres, 50 fener) tants hombre eros, 5 0 are Tonto web (est) hoy 5 0 (se) tn perezNOTAS CULTURALES: LECCION 38 Most Spans and Latin Americans have more reli a. a hoes (hor fl das of tan Americans. nation mary sa tbrate two Bethy: ther wn itday and the day of te acco {Santo Poin. for whom tey are named. Gis ave ther act ‘ulnceatea, when they reach ther cent birthday Chien no ther Chitra it nara 6, he yo the Eine Ha ‘trations are importa inthe Spanih-speaking worl Thee is along. ich tracion of Hispanic presence in Callers. that tradton is visible a te many remsiing Spanish cloril me uber sbido que saeian esos candidat a aes, niin forded to carver the Ine. The MesicaAmercas yteprevertante no habia votado anos, have lng payed an inpertant le In alfriasaprsce nave to ewopedt vse cr ow my eages| Intey voto el derecho a obigncin de todo Teves te parecon lor recutadoe de las elaciones? RESPUESTAS lo 44, Pero loe candidat que se presntan son cada A. 1. Quer qv envehos ef rgalo: 2 No ceo gue haya ex Su cunpleaes. 3 5ipudere, a.¢ Meco. 4, Desnaonqve esranos flies Mesto. 5. Voy 2 conprorme un e922 8. 1 Queri/Quise qu vineran. 2 Esparbamos/Esperomes gv de le verdod 3. Tenomos/Tavins miedo de que mae ros i IN shred eadoe nosctrce aciaizaren aes 4, Dudeban/Dvdoron que puderas lego 9 tempo. 5. cP a fe hubleraspostlaco, habs sslidoganadoray ‘4 estobofestivo oa fo animar'a a gente a levantar sv vor y arte C1, Queria qu ti eeebravs frog con mi fan 2. Me set st fuer un io con un regal nue. 3. turer tempo, os = ‘nur a Sota Barbora? 4 Qué has tors mas cio? 5 Felipe coltrario su cumpleatos con sux poses 5 vivron ce ag 1. Sinablera mes temps, ia a odor lox muses, 2, $ urards ine, comprar el uguete. 3. Yo coreria mens, sn ia fanfo hombre 4. Ble robqjar@ meres, 3 no tener ora t20 had known tht tone cards for mayer, govern ans 5. Nosotros estudaromos hy no frames tan perezoeo= woul wn | wo have voted bri sido als ls votantes 2 hubierantomado fen las cvestones qu contontanuera coiedad: la Ta stuacion de lor nfs la contarinacion de! ambiente. you tink of te election rests? the ian, voting the igh and obligation of every etzen tat Bu he cannes that un for office ae mor andADRIANA: woud have turned at the hi, he Voters ay ued, habe sale ganador ‘oe interest inthe inses tat confront ur sity ths cay foeen a cance, you's have won, ‘Suaton of chien, and emstermenl potion " ofthe Caucas can be reversed (GUSTAVO: i's 3 lot ose a of ue to Ke uptodate abs everyting, If yu had been a candids, you'd have non se ganador, ste hubirospostuoda ave been ale to get prope trie he veces and at won f you Nad been a candidate. B. GRAMATICA Y USOS IWFINITIVE WITH PEDIR AND SIMILAR VERBS 1. THE PAST PERFECT SUBJUNCTIVE Jn wero ke ped oF rogor (to eavest) which may the itis, sead of the subjunctive, when he subjects ‘he pst erect subjunctive is mace ofthe pert sb over + past partpe GANA TOEARN the subjects are diferent. this consvucton heard In 10 [rabies ganado "Aerie speech and ia journal sl 1 ere Us, ea | nabire ganado oso, 0s |hubiéromos god vesoies 3 | hbieroe genes a, fos las | hirano prsionar oes sneatos the goverment opt pasa on ade wins. hit construction fe rejected in Spin ahough it Inthat cou oon neuspape adie 2. CONTRARY-TO-FACT SENTENCES IN THE PAST ee ici “To deserbe an action that coud have happened in hepa, bi 4 ot, use he olowng seucre cade ves mos oF menos in used wh adverbs and fexpress "more and mre” and ese an Ie 5+ pat prc ubincve, + condtionl erect To pends Shabir sais, no hobs votad. fe more and mare nefectve IF had know, would’ have voted . a alee andere steveVocABULARIO potica politic, 2 tos resutados candidate otularse/presentarse tar un candidato l alalde/laaleadesa fila gobemador -2 ia senador 2 ft repesentante 1 presdentia presenta at dieador 2 sitadura i ganador 2 outer Sale ganador 2 perder (o>) Inte ta obligacon ‘udadsno ‘a contamnacion del ambiente ‘nefeaz ‘vestones levantarla vor tomar inter enor potey rion) to become a canto to vote fora candisre soting ete ayer govetrer angreseman, woman president Seton ‘semccracy law gation bretecive tobe (hep) upto one [pregunta en une orc complet usando le ist. $e anna oUt? contminacién del ambient) Tes condstos? (coda ver menos interesante) sobido la verde, caué habe hecho en eso sturiin? vetodo) dc octulzarme sobre toc) ide? (ot pore condo ehez2) exact cn el subjncth, econ, © el itt det Speers. (Complete he sentence using the sujencive. Infvive of the verb paren) ue por. ot) (gr sobre la.cuestn. evartr fo v2) fh tue que #1 stuocon. tomar teres en) dezeon que vonaros sobre Jodo las (estotzore) i you had had ine you would have voted inthe eecton an that under the aw, se hase ight 3d obigaton end f you woud hve won the election, you had been oltiane ae more and more neflectve len that you woul have heptupo-date onthe sues had te to ead the newspapers1. Escrba la proguma para as Squirts respocstas ~LECCION 39 oceto: Quiero que equ aos ves en punt. RECADOS DOMESTICOS._Hourthold eran cA que hora quieres ave legue? oy 6 fs i ln del on Mit Go ‘tira diner, lo conor, (Quarta gue no fveramoe Ne tro 0 con eos Basra un weet ne. Spud, vebsjaria menos ibe de Ove, Espoo ‘Tu papa y yo estamos totalmente egotados desputs de os ue vaya & haceros unos recados. mama descansar os hard bien Pine vt ator. ah. gmo se lama? NOTAS CULTURALES Nee ft Cinta er 0 petod of dctaterships a Latin Ameria Nat hopety comet an Most rations are on te path t0 fl democtay, though ts some ee ee a ‘baroy True emccacy wil appear when socal justices a= Fay ee recta, which, athe pecert macnn a roe of ¢desre tan ¢ al favor, ‘908 Nenethes, some progres has ben mace no sb.. sscar una mancha de chocolate no es fe a hay conseguido Deeputs hijo, pase por la sastreria ileal sastre que ‘intra de esos pantalones y deja ests camiss en la [on tal que puedan tone lstas para mafann RESPUESTAS ‘A. Me anima le cuestén def contaminacn del ambiente. 2 Lor canddates son coda vee menos intererontee, 3, Shute" 000 trad, no hava odo en ex vari. 4 Es cif ote ar acuerdo. No os preocuptis;tumbaos un ratol bre tod. 5. Nos pide wear pore candidat eae 8, {rota 2 evntra for 3, otuorgs 4, tres nets on S08 oxtuolcenos ome Oviedo, Spin ©. 1. Shubert tempo, habs wotads eno eecisn. 2830/8 tienes el derecho y la obligaiin de votor 3. cHabia yo gona Ineicaces. 5, Yo me habia ertucizads sere ls cvestone, tendo tempo role os peries, Moses Resting wild you goo, 2. 1 2nde or oferty ura de mi? 2. glo cameras 4 ire? 3. 2QU8 querios? 4 Qué te pier ela)? 5.26 Frat, go ote ry cleaners uh. whats its name 6: cQue bscas? 7.8) pds, vabojaros menos? Your Father an are aly exhausted ae he party. We'eANTONIO: Wel. thinks Crea yi qu puede hacerlo para hoy DORA PILAR: Yes of couse. Pick up my ess here wie te for laundry that can oo 0a {ear take ote chocalat tan an the et serve voce ves usd folowing certain conunctns ning careful please. rie htre tie ed puapose: ANTONIO: Wel... don't know eng cut a chocolate tap 25, hope that he's managed odo |quepuedan tere sts pore motana tres hat they can hae hem eae by tomrow ‘DORA PILAR: Atenas, dear son, go by the tors op ante ‘ior tof the wait on hese pts, ad leave ere shits wi xondo orgon trp. lau provded at tey can have ther Yeady by Yor te cating when they have tne ANTONIO: 02, Do’ werty: ake nap! yTROS COMMANDS B. GRAMATICA Y USOS cemmands ae pieipaly used in Span. The for al verb sas by doping the fal rf the 1. REVIEW OF THE USES OF THE SUBJUNCTIVE ado 2 speak sees be ot soli>saks gout 2, Te subjunctive used folowing verbs, personal eres ‘ie eestor of need, dee request emotion, sot rb, te dis dropped when the reve abject Te pedimos que vayes a hoernos uns ecasos. Sle ‘Weve ating you to run sore ands or tumbarse>tumboo fe down Quis que ef sora me sacra la mancra ormise>domies goto seep Tarte th dy leaner takeout he sain, overse>lova0s vans yurseves ots gue 1 hayo concegute sccetreqied on he to beak up the dphthons hope hat he's maa to he vr ae eteglr inthe afin: Ke. Te aujnctive ved olawing antecedents a xpress I sci ni vu seca Genial about the existence ofa person or thing subjunctive, There are no equ forme iat oa tntorero que pueda socal marcha? letere ry cleaner who can takeout he stan? Dont ye Dont weer13, PAUSE WORDS, ‘Several words and expressions are used in Spach for ss abe). Varro tora eh esd se ome? (Goto e ey cleaners. uh The infiite canbe used as a noun in Spas, mayor 9m receded by the masculine dere ate 2 descanor os Por bien esting wil do you good. ‘Saar va mance de crocolte roe fc Taking outa chocolate tain it 25) VOCABULARIO. rcados domésticos hacer un recado Inver en seco tani (ed Ta moatets trae (esto) « medida mange (0 ‘THE INFINITIVE USED AS A NOUN to put on (place) a buton wang, laundry toro, 0 press (ates) washing ad ioring| to ahi rate) shoe reps shoo hoe ee) sate fo) ‘eeu rect wear eral ost to le down Le gow to wory Dor weer (tay (Sean) to pass by to drop by to op of topickip wha name? — meta a a. Reacts ec rade tcorder sit (ss) (Ge) sleeveee era anton LECCION 4 ie oe: Dart coms a. vena oe e 1. Stdown, 2 Dress yurseen a parm {on perm, seo ne nuestros pase, 5. Dont wear yours ou is al oerepuerto Mique de Coocos, Venezuela ce doneme, efor, Este pasapore no es suyo Es de una Say that you wat Antonia to un seme rand for ou ho mio? (Cray! Dizclpe si que me he equivocado, 2 Tal the ty cleaner to take ov the tan ofthe ro vila con nosotros Un momenta Pes 2 3 Tal ant that woring oo much wil exhaust hi, oa uel et asco, Sar de a Puerta 23 aa hoy en tectrar metas? NOTAS CULTURALES La mia no, pero la i983 ul est reco. Viyanse Uds a Ia dereena. Pasen pot ae er we enero eo st ry luege tend que hacer una declaracion en It Queremosexcoger aientos en a secion de no tuna Ja puerta de embarque misma hab un agente que l= asientos (Buen vse! RESPUESTAS erat Malqueta Apert in Caracas, Venez [A 1. Quer que me hagas unos rcades 2. oid qe tor sacar la mancho. 3) decorsr ox har bien Esperobo Ove Pandan mes hare are ur tet, passports, and iss sects os mborsis wn rat. 5. Buscaremos un sre eens ‘rego ie pantalones 18, 8 Seneor. 2 Vesti, 3 Noo evn 1 Quer que Antoni me haga unos recadoe. 2. SequeFRANCISCA: tat mine? Darl i sry hae indeed ac hey ere as pronouns wth he define ars, ‘ur daughter n't raving wih os. One ner el hs cya ta an areceder. ERNESTO: Thefts delayed. wi eave Fam gate 23 at 830, focarrroteos? want to check ggage? to check ugaage? A: Mine no but Ni yen FRANCISCA ee ERNESTO: Hori te ect Go to he ight Pass Pro. sey, ati y=. ‘en you wil ave t make Cstome delat, ye the defeat i ot ves FRANCISCA: We ant to choose seats nthe no-erokng se ERNESTO: Fight at the departure gate there'll bean agent wo wi a ‘you sents Have 9 goo til a B. GRAMATICA Y USOS - THE LONG Possessives IATIC S1 AND MISMO You areay how the short forms ofthe possesave acces Is used as an emphatic adverb often mesing ded 28) Thee ae aso lng lors that are ured wh the eine arch equivocado SNGUAR PLURAL [fe mia. da) ma (os) i. fas) mas (e990 0) 40 os) yes. es) 7s (e290 fo) so | fos sigs. (590 2. scan be used to enphasize “se sometimes (ep rucsre fe) ruesro | es isis. Dor ver as varios Wenlaons, (ep west fo) westo | fos west, es) Gaakne (b=) se os) 52905 ‘These ong fer ae sed forehand thus lees equenty ‘he stort tre They low the noun agreeing wih mb a ence enbarque misma habra un agente ayertiah ate desatre gate ur daughter at bavaing wth us chore3. PROPIO ‘Propo can have te erent meanings depending on nage Can ha the meaning of "et ‘Hab cone propo plot! ‘She spoke tthe pt hil Nato the usage In these terms ror pop sat respect Iran mean "suitable for of “horace of E20 ex un go propo de nits. isa game sul for een Pople can also mean “one's own” Yne's ery ow Son ss pris plobras Theyre own wor. ni vere su propio pasar he boy has ie ow passer 4. INTERIECTIONS “here are mary popu expressions of dsb, disgust. dsm hye hroughout the Spanehspeaing wer, While many 3 fome ae universal: Dare orange) icony 4 ‘Good heavere! (aston |Coramal ‘salud! i Bess youl esta, Maria fostt | (eet eouter Aight to delay The fons delyed eparre/arral gate to creck rect seeanty tol out the Custos declaration 1 ave nothing to deca Do thave to py dy? to cocse seats to anton sets rorsiking section Pardon me. Exes re Pardon mes, here ar ou thats. Pardon me, may pats though?Dieculpe, sf que me he Yim smn t have nde ra es Pardon me. et mean ery Late Arerican country have ther own itrna- he you, a, Visa, Aeoicas Arges, Lan Chile, Aeoperd, and A iin the majo caries. Overal,satorl are wave! raher ‘ah now or short distances Spaniard endo vel ona while Sar <= Pca rce oy oes Sa ica e nce enn : Sine am seer i bree ers | les sup. 2 Ud. races posoporte yo viea. 3. Ute EXAMEN eeguridod ola quer 4 £) agente ro cto gue vel — 5 Escogonastentos en i puerta de enbarave mismo. Su pospore oes suo? 2, Deen sus pases. os says y A. Contest a pregunta on una eractn completa usando fo se Bes cacliinde Aca y ipa 4 Pio, su pasaportey esi? 5 Cray! Sale ou wo yo mio De gui es este pasoe? (270) “ut neces tener pare e je? (ol posaporte yf 0) {pore yt, 2.Agnonoxetos ene mostrar @ en ‘inde pasamoe por a segurdoa? (aa izaiedo) femborque misma? 3 Si. euto un axons avert. ‘Que na cree agente? (el val sole arasoco) jmeDscupe[Disperse, me he equnocace, 5. Quiero ‘GDande exagenos ost? fo puerto de enborqe rsa) alee: yes suas fo sy, B. Traduzca wear es poses 1. ists your passport or is hers? 2. They haves eke yours and ous. 5 If out my Customs detraton and his 4 Exess me may Ihave bs passport and yous? 5 Darl Their fight let and mine caved. Exetel rai en espaol 1 Tel your rend that you have your tices angers ton ntcaces. fe) 2 hak the ager they asian seats atthe counter or Hat a cho que eins los aes? fecoge) one 83, Tali agent tat you do indeed want window set. 4k he ape’ pardon and say that you have made 2 5 Say tat you want to check your Suteaes and Mi8. Subj one? 1, Ero come snot —__ os. (7) puderon 3, perceros 4. fern 5. recaion 2. Intron a todos pore ave recorae el cunoloos 2. feseeramas 3, perceras 4 matures 5. vieran 3. Wogan temprano a aerpuero pre que tino ins telgerte, note habia pasado ago tan horble ‘omrde. mucho pore aue padomos(pudermes) gerber ef Pagoste impuertos para quel euded impos os Guise que 1 vneresconmig. 8. Te ccomporré a eave (raven tiempo. Hicnos fod ones de que eos (vei, 2, Ne fos enreengei! 3. Aéomod io casa! 4. Hoo 5 (sr) ms negerte, no Fe Raber) ps0 alge on hori do trde 5. Actualzoes Sobre lao! 6 iLmpd el Extutamas mache para que (pod) oprobereeromer 7, oced lo ue te dig! 8. Senaos! 9. Sed hero! Guise qu tu (ren) conmigo. Te ocompatoré a tate cuando (lee temps opera, sabi ls etme. 2 Fuel posible que todos los rel. 3 lame pid que tamara nes en epi tomar inter one roe. Espero) aya cansequid. 5, (6) Llegor 00 hora es code vez mas 0 wes equa e dos aa puerta de emborqe. recgiso mvs de ator, habia io Decorate te hose! {Es pose que Nay legac! Mio Nuevo ota ver? Don't get essed to ate! ln sasre que putea arregiar ms wae. 10. EraiFve Keep uptodate about (cbr) sel nosotros prtvomos oq) a: Clean te aparment Dowat|sy! ‘St dow! Be nice! Forget Don't entertain hem D. Traauzeo a espa esti de San Fermin 1. you Ganda ed te reneptpr ou wad none |. ee 5 Sted ouseanmrrm te pone. wl uta Festa de Sn Fermin paren de ae 4. hope that he has obtained ingway dio a conocer* esta particular festa en su novela 5 beng nine more and more ot Be Mets xy 6. Capa bape ad go ot opr gt. el Fn ore uct ei il? 7 Wye bole ha pees ub my eee ey are freee psn cero nde ; rp 3 para clebrar xt vain, Alas ste de a afar ‘neuld Fave gone tthe 25° _ ogo oe stan’ ses toren, qu coro rant paras 1 posse tat New Years has ave once aga Bini coche at Pasada fore {was looking for aor ho could x yu r ait sd ‘coe entarjros vienna preoncl et ucesa? tas necessary fr uso leave tat 3. os tos levando ls vadiiones pair Blancos yoj sradedor del cto" y patios erlndos onesie 9 feat [oe tres™ con elf de arimaron» Algunosparpartes stay ca See Tega a ae frees” pao todos aesgan' ita con gusto a tr cos fara todos bien nadie esta Pro de sevndg reese eeu re cas coe ere |y bailar "La jota,” la danza local. También se realizan deste y ‘collected a ee eeu en me ee... Seer iFELICITACIONES! VocAButanio fe cpt on, ob ba se his ar tad tutes fergrern ad exer Te spends tt 2s come ors bata fr miele fr atonal sy, We soo spoon cedch uted pation sat of he 2a tree te mateal okng arty t ecto at 4 doa toc’ (ar ecorece) mae ton fe no mage ib teres yout [Snanewetsereier tlnubts xerox eee pleated ae 6 ege es took 3 ae hme cote Sabres ee (oa ose soon nay aes ees) {isto ts ero comer Spar ond rere la pemorete nce bepmertat owen 13. bed el veto peates is {seh confegrose anal beng 1 respon frie) onAPPENDIXES GLOSSARY OF NATIONS, NATIONALITI LANGUAGES, AND GEOG! ;RAPHIES. Names of anguages ave usualy the same a he asin emf fatonalty.e, Fences: Juan habla ances. The angage ot Tpeking cout lcd espota or cstetore ESPAROL-INGLES rarwe ‘oe oe watico(a) So Aa Snseta) ‘erate sneer (3) Spero erste 3) Treas stool ‘eve Soot ‘stmt ‘ee Geen) simran tence Sao see) irencanes Seca ee a Pte eon SoestENGLISH-SPANISH ste (omen Nets wom Pooper np Canate roa tety Nealon Saver Nan. tener Erne seca oS Eee (ep bina Verena dc Same he fc tase Pata Sea ‘Spas US (amen) prea seh re purr a) Sooners) 8 ream & eco 9)B. VERB CHARTS 1. THE FORMS OF THE REGULAR VERBS pestiy| Pl pesdtilstiisy Fanluhnl aly Hill al ills Hail li ult i ili 1 Hill i sll i adil ' wily i staliy12, RADICAL-CHANGING VERBS ini i ntalll i i etal! etelay| us42, SPELLING-CHANGE VERBS Helity i hoff ! ina te [ital 4 Hl Nbltesult ‘iauaalth be linndalll ull Fpl [abet i |tt Pe [ea2 al ba uous at : i a eel was HEL Aa belt saell till iilsnalaulenedeglalalld indtladtaltt lif iilsssbealanadeatteddl sinltalesstesl ttl! iets Wea ee: sisluilestaal till ak fle fs [ettfaa |. dat es sx (|| ilssultalesatealal eselnaloneltsltitltt ill tltaltijeestes i ouleslenstualuteltalitill Honctttlanedldllill) edalalestttledel dlatalll Hacabualateltaiil! etolas/erefesittelttletalty Lilsustuslenadeal stslitlenelusludeledfetelty Hlestusleredas veolsleretesttinltilenstiil © ails 4 | Tillin lnk ete [ts ide (eileaE et ai a8 etaltalanedaaletaltdlerstar vialuslataladlatiltilaasti HbabbilatetUdjatel lll esttt ebelisleaalta{utelttlates ilneelteenedaaletelttl atic eaakeilarslanteeteiler ter isC. LETTER WRITING RESPONSES, Del Vayo le gradecen inno i intcin que se hon dig [Peer el rover Ge cst a0 recepcon de! sominga 19 1. FORMAL INVITATIONS AND RESPONSES your kind invitation. We sal be honored to atand the re 19h, Jorge Frndndes y Sra-—Tenen esto de participa o Uy fom primo enlace rational de au hj Carmen con eS son So lnvtan aa Ceremonia que se veritears eno gen ce Nuss Seba le Merce, of da 6 de os cornetes. las 6 dela freA co fel pe nee lee Rte es none al les convayertes Garis tendon! honor de acu 0 come dels sePores oles eolidorcoriaiment ‘Guca wil be honored to have dinner with Mz and Mrs res. Goro regan os shores Suber se svar rei los gar cinta y (a exresin desu sentiment of ho poder talarse comprometidos con anterivia. Me and Mrs George Fernandez tale plesive in announcing the of heir auger Carmen 0 Wun Gara and ite yout te a {eh ofthis month at © Tere wil be a reception forte new fs thank Mr and Mr. Suez for hr Kn vitation stewards af the reidence ofthe bie parents. oe they ae rable 1 cane owing to a prevus engagenent Las sefores Sues otecen ss respetos ols setores Gry les YOU NOTE gor ‘iene dex con oles ef anes pein EN tiensh Me and Mee. Suires present thor respects to Mand Ms. Gul would be honoted to have ther company at ine’ next Mondo loc {5 con a fn de slur y dort las gracias po et precoso has erage de regal. Lo he calcodoencina de! para y 0 Los seoresSudrez yNavorosaludon ofctosomente als se ee coca sectce ayo y es regan que les Ronen ostendo 0 la recepcn ie hee ee anor des bye Mara, domingo 19 de marzo, 0 for neve de cxisoce ss bor er conpotio de los tos. Nossros in novedod. Te Me and Mrs, Sure y Navarro coal greet Hr. and Ms Del VO ae request te honor of the presence atthe party ave in honor ‘augnter Maria on Suncay evening, March 19, at rine ochalo 6 Co. ne ety March 125 Paseo de Gracia Serceara—Span This is jst to say hel and aso tet you trom tat | eng ‘ot 2, 2008 ul vase you sent me as ag Ive put Xen the pane and yon can ine te beast tec. "i hope to see you at Carman’ party ear hnk very ely ata 7 "hope your fami is wel. Everyone her ise eset o nvoccing to you the bere ofthis esa. Me one of cur lesen. ho tng the principal ties Necdess to say, wo snl fealyapprecate ary courtesy Fn (' nediess to ay t0 you tat we shal conser any 3. BUSINESS LETTERS Jeni hin a a personal fave”) Tharking yu in aovance, we Very ty yous Aran 8 Ca Deano & Ca. oreo 8e rc, 125 Burcioneespare 2 ce obi ce 2003 Presser: onal jos Madi Espana May sebores ovesvoe os es orate presentres a! potador de In present, Sr Cor Fuente, nse var, quen se popoe tals pnw: cos ragin.Ne recesitamos deciles que clique otencin ue le Consderoramos come un fer personal. Aricpdndee os C0. Shesroment, ‘rane & Ca.3 8 moze de 2003 ime Pemarete gra ecb esti corto. Ane todo done means ski. He Scio prt hacer vile «Mest, doe os Aes a he cect Pesto mio cleo encanta lea de conocer eee Ine be por onray cto gue contr bxena et “ dig estuve con Antonio y me pregunt6 port re veservrnes un habtocn ene) Nacenal. qe 110 ‘Srase encontrar acto un cheque de $5 por un ofo oe sty laces de sv gn areceion, Ponta Doe mis recuerdos o Een yrelbe un obazo de tu Antone on Marie Peas oe Perera ‘Aparodo 98 Poname, Porn PO. Box 98 Php o get your at eter Fst of alt me give you the big Panam, Reoubic of Panama aly decided fo rake 8 ip to Mada, where | expect © March 3, 200% with me. She is extemy happy tobe able meet te ‘see Me hin Prez {ed now and | hope wl stay tat way (thatthe good 0, Box 22 ie). sam Bory the cher dey and he asked re about ‘Buenos ies sertna your trying reserve oom for vs the “National” (Ge my regards to Helen Dew Se Enclosed piace fn a check for $5.00 fo a yeas subecripon magazine Very wu yourseLosnes, +. SALUTATIONS: ‘Setar Sotor ‘Seton: May ser mi: Estinodo sete: May cetirgudo seo May setores nuestros Sefer proesr: Extmado omigo Querds amiga on Antonio (gue). ‘oa Mari (de Suter. Stor Lowe (Suterh, (ero Loura, ‘nada mia ends ma FORMS OF SALUTATIONS AND COMPLIMENTARY TARY CLOSINGS. FORMAL panto re" sein a cur “Very shcerty yous” ORAL, e Mada: ‘Mectoratly yous, Ms Sreeey yours Dear Sir Srcrey yous Gertemen: ‘Ateciorsily yours, Dew Sr = ‘Atocirstty Dew Sr ‘Afecionate, ees que eave. ‘Afecaaty 5 ‘ow lvng auger enteen: (aa My dear Protec Win ove, Dese Sr: (Your Exelon) Dear Fran Dear Fre: OF THE Lert: INFORMAL, FORMAL My dear Mrs Suse My dea Mis Suarez, tony Dear Lara es My bloves, : My deny beloved incearete, (Breer yours) 201ure an (Dearton) (econate) 4 COMMON FORMULAS: Begining letter Tees grt ais obo oe su atrial 8 del arent. Teng oe “Ths et ackroniedge esp f your ter ofthe th of his am gad ‘hr en pode su prec carta de acho 10 6 a0 "have rected yur let of Mach 08h Enconteonin a en cx In anowerto yur eta of yesterday De crema cons rat In accordance wih your eter of (Con reer 34am en La Mec” hoy In efrence to your ad in toga’ ese of The Nation, Fora presse me deo Us pu ‘Telomere Nore gos aurcare 2 ‘We re pleased to announce tat Hees rot recor 8 oS. Itai pear in eammancg 0 you Mc6. FORM OF THE ENVELOPE Cale de Zurern,6 Naor (eM M Nero Suber San tart, 820 gerne Setonta Gran Via de Gears, 63 Valores setor Don Fado Ft, ‘paras 5042 FETERERES sores Paseo de Cassa cis Espare (ald Sol 2 Me GLOSSARY! pspnprer?