History of Jazz 10/9/18

REVIEW:
 What are the 3 spheres of influence on the growing popularity of
jazz?
o Commercial, Sociological, Musical
 Who was the first band leader to have TWO saxes instead of one
in their band?
o Art Hickman
 What is the definition of “symphonic jazz”?
o The fusion of European art-music sensibilities and African
folk art
 Who was the first “king of jazz” pop star?
o Paul Whiteman
 Which band leader started the “big band” model in terms of
having 15-16 members in the band?
o Fletcher Henderson
 Who was the first singer to be hired full time with the Paul
Whiteman band?
o Bing Crosby
 Louis Armstrong joined which band as the third trumpet player in
1924?
o Fletcher Henderson
 Stride pianists would play at what parties often?
o Rent parties
 Duke Ellington played what instrument?
o Piano
 Who is known as the “Father of Stride Piano”?
o James P. Johnson
 Why did Louis Armstrong leave the first couple of bands he
performed with?
o They did not allow him to sing
 What were the names of the small bands that Armstrong
recorded 65 tunes with?
o The Hot Fives and Hot Sevens
 The Hot Fives and Sevens were important recordings for what
reasons?
o The move from embellishment to improvisation and breaks
to full chorus solos
 What is the tune that showcased an intro-cadenza played by Louis
Armstrong?
o West End Blues
 Who was the pianist that Armstrong eventually made several
recordings with such as “Weather Bird”?
o Earl Hines
 What was Louis Armstrong’s nickname?
o Satchmo
 Swing was bounded by which two events?
o The Great Depression and WW2
 What is the name of the famous dance that was created to swing
music?
o Lindy Hop
 What band leader created the “band within a band” concept?
o Benny Goodman
 Which band leader was Benny Goodman’s chief rival?
o Artie Shaw
 Who was the musical genius in Andy Kirk’s band?
o Mary Lou Williams
 Boogie-woogie took influences from what style?
o Blues and stride
 The Tune “Walkin’ and Swingin’” had a riff that Thelonious Monk
based what composition on?
o Rhythm-a-ning
 The only instrument a woman could play in a band and not be
discriminated against was what?
o The piano
 Head Arrangements are?
o Created and passed down orally
 Who became Duke Ellington’s most important soloist in the early
years?
o Johnny Hodges
 Who wrote the tune “Take the A Train” for Ellington’s band?
o Billy Strayhorn (gay)
 What was Billy Strayhorn’s nickname?
o ‘Swee’ Pea (gay)

1. Why were recordings influential on the youth of America in

regards to jazz?
2. What is Tin Pan Alley and why is it so important to the
history of jazz?
3. What was Duke Ellington’s influence on jazz/swing?
4. What was Louis Armstrong’s influence on jazz/swing?
 Listening
Anita O’Day “Let’s Fall in Love” Sarah Vaughan “Honeysuckle
Intro Rose”
A Intro
A 1. melody A
B A 1. melody
A B
A A
A 2. Melodic variation A 2. stop time

melody
B A
A B
A 3. scat solo A
A TAG
B 3. melody
A
TAG

Inst: Piano, bass, drums Inst: Piano, bass, drums

Solo: Scat Solo: none