Basic Guide to APA Citing and Referencing
General Format
Note: Your essay should be typed, double-spaced on standard-sized paper (A4) with 25 mm margins on all
sides. You should use 10-12 pt. Times New Roman font.
In-Text Citing
When using APA format, follow the author-date method of in-text citation. This means that the author's last
name and the year of publication for the source should appear in the text either at the end or at the beginning.
Example 1 (end citation)
A complete reference list should appear at the end of the paper (Jones, 1998).
Example 2 (beginning citation)
According to Jones (1998), a complete reference list should appear at the end of the paper.
Full References
1. Chapter/Section of a Web document or Online Book Chapter
Format Style
Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Date of publication). Title of article. In Title of book or larger document
(chapter or section number). Retrieved month, day, year, from http://www.someaddress.com/full/url/
Example
Engelshcall, R. S. (1997). Module mod_rewrite: URL Rewriting Engine. In Apache HTTP Server
Version 1.3 Documentation (Apache modules.) Retrieved 03/10/2006, from
http://httpd.apache.org/docs/1.3/mod/mod_rewrite.html
2. Article from an Online Periodical
Format Style
Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Date of publication). Title of article. Title of Online Periodical, volume number
(issue number if available). Retrieved month, day, year, from http://www.someaddress.com/full/url/
Example
Bernstein, M. (2002). 10 tips on writing the living Web. A List Apart: For People Who Make Websites,
149. Retrieved 05/02/2006 from http://www.alistapart.com/articles/writeliving
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3. Wikis
Example
OLPC Peru/Arahuay. (n.d.). Retrieved 05/01, 2008 from the OLPC Wiki: http://wiki.laptop.
org/go/OLPC_Peru/Arahuay
4. Audio Podcast
For all podcasts, provide as much information as possible; not all of the following information will be available.
Possible addition identifiers may include Producer, Director, etc.
Example
Bell, T. & Phillips, T. (2008, May 6). A solar flare. Science @ NASA Podcast. Podcast retrieved
10/16/2015 from http://science.nasa.gov/podcast.htm
5. Video Podcasts
Example
Scott, D. (Producer). (2007, January 5). The community college classroom [Episode 7]. Adventures in
Education. Podcast retrieved 10/16/2015 from http://www.adveeducation.com
6. Books
Basic Format Style for Books
Author, A. A. (Year of publication). Title of work: Capital letter also for subtitle. Location: Publisher.
Example
Calfee, R. C., & Valencia, R. R. (1991). APA guide to preparing manuscripts for journal publication.
Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
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Reference List/Works Cited (Example)
Note: Arrange all of your references in alphabetical order from A to Z at the end of your paper. If your
reference is longer than one line, your second line and thereafter must have a hanging indent of at least
0.7 cm.
Borich, G. D. (2000). Effective teaching methods. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall.
Bourdieu, P. & Passeron, J.C. (1990). Reproduction in Education, Society and Culture. London: Sage
Publications.
Clair, N. & Adger, C.T. (1999). Professional Development for Teachers in Culturally Diverse Schools,
Online Resources: Digests, EDO-FL-99-08. Retrieved 6/25/2007 from
http://www.cal.org/resources/digest/profdvpt.html.
Scott, D. (Producer). (2007, January 5). The community college classroom [Episode 7]. Adventures in
Education. Podcast retrieved 10/16/2015 from http://www.adveeducation.com
Shulman, L.S. (2004). Essays on teaching, learning, and learning to teach. San Francisco:
Jossey-Bass.
Wikipidia. (2007) The Internet Retrieved 10/08/2009 from http://schools-wikipedia.org/wp/i/Internet.htm
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