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TRUNG TAM KHOA HOC TU NHIEN VA CONG NGHE QUGC GIA NATIONAL CENTRE FOR NATURAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF VIETNAM ISSN 0866-7160 tap chi He ee Journal of Biology TAP 24- S62 THANG 6-2002 HANOITAP CHI SINH HOC Téng bién tdp: BANGNGOC THANH Phé tong bién tap: NGUYEN TIEN BAN LE XUAN TU HOI DONG BIEN TAP NouvEN TAC AN, DAI DUY BAN, LY KIM BANG, NGUYEN TIEN BAN, DOAN CANH, VU QUANG CON, PHAM THI TRAN CHAU, NGUYEN LAN DUNG, NONG VAN HAI, TRUONG NAM HAL DANG HUY HUYNH, NGUYEN DANG KHOI, NGUYEN THI LE, PHAN KE LOC, TAI LUONG, LE THI MUOI, |HOANG DUC NHUAN NGUYEN NGUYEN HOU PHUNG, TRAN DUY QUY, NGO KE SUONG, DANG NGOC THANH, DUONG DUC TIEN, LE XUAN TU, VAN UYEN Thu kj toa sogn ; Trén Thanh Nga NGUYEN Tru sé: 70 Tran Humg Dao, Ha NQi - Day n6i : 942282524 (2): 1-8 ‘Tap chi SINH HOC 6-2002, HAI LOAI CUA MGI THUOC HO POTAMIDAE 6 VIET NAM Khi phan tich efe vat miu gip xéc nuée ngot thu duge tai suéi ving A Luéi thudc tinh Thita Thién-Hué va su6i ving Citic Phuong thugc tinh Ninh Binh trong nam 2001, chiing t6i i xéc dinh c6 hai loai cua méi thude ho Potamidae, trong dé 6 | gidng méi. Sau day la mo td hai lodi cua méi nay. 1. Vietopotamon gen. nov. Dac diém chin loai Mai rong ngang, hinh thang, canh bén truée vién mau rang. Mat truéc mai hoi phéng, mat sau phang. Mat trén tran sii si. Thuy sau tran ni 16. Chan ham III o6 dét ischium hinh chit nhat, sgi roi exopod dai. Dét bung VII cé hinh tam gidc, canh bén hoi 16m, déu vuét nhd. GOL con duc thanh, dét trudc ngon cé ph4n trén uén ra ngoai. Dét ngon hinh ngén tay, cong gap ra phia ngoai, du ngon ché doi thanh hai thity. GO2 6 phan ngon hinh soi dai. Nhan xét Ging méi khéc vé co bin vi gidng Tiwaripotamon Bott, 1970 6 c&u tao, binh ding G1 con duc efing nhu bé mat mai. Vietopotamon gen. nov. cting khéc v6i Ovipotamon Peter et Masatsune, 1992 & céc diém sau: 1, Mai rong ngang, hinh thang, khong cé hinh ovoid, phdn truéc mat mai si si, khong nan, Canh bén truéc cé vién ring, khong nhin, 2. Ischium chan ham III hinh chit nhat, khong vudng. 3. Dot bung VIL cé canh bén lom, khong thing 4, Dot ngon GOI con duc dai, cong gap ra phia ngoai, ngon ché dei. O Ovipotamon, dét DANG NGOC THANH, HO THANH HAL Vien Sinh thai va Tai nguyén sink vat nay ngén, chia thing Ién phia tren. Ngoai ra, vé phan b6, céc loai thude gidng Ovipotamon cho t6i nay chi duge thay & Philippin [5], c6 thé mang tinh chat giéng dac hitu cho ving dat nay. Loai chun: Vietopotamon aluoiensis sp. nov. Vietopotamon aluoiensis sp. nov. (Anh 1) Holotyp: 1 con duo; Allotyp: 1 con cdi, suéi 6 A Ludi (Thita Thién-Hué), thang 8/2001. luu gitt tai Vign Sinh thai va Tai nguyén sinh vat, Ha Noi, Viet Nam. Vat miu nghién ctu: 7 con duc, 5 con céi thu duge § sudi A Ludi (Thita Thién-Hué). Mota Mai rong ngang, hinh thang, canh ben trude vién mau rang. Mat truée mai hoi phéng, mat sau phng. Ving trén rong, canh truéc trén lion séng, géc ngoai gin vudng. Rang trén mang nhé, nom 13, géc 6 mat ngoai lén. Mat trén trén sii si. Thuy sau trén néi 13. Go sau trin va go sau 6 mat nom 16, ngan céch béi ranh sau. Nita tude mat mai (ving true vi va ving bén truéc) sii si. Nita sau mat mai (ving sau vi, ving mang, ving tim) nhin. Ranh din néng, rink bin nguyét nom 1d. Chan ham Il c6 dét ischium hin chi nhat, soi.roi exopod dai, Cang c6 mat trén carpus va ban sii si, gai ngon trong carpus 16n. Ngén dai hon ban. Chan bd dai via, nhdn. Dét bung VII cé hinh tam giéc, canh bén hoi J6m, ddu vust nhé. Dét VI hoi ngin hon dét VIL (5/6). GO1 con dyc thanh, d6t trude ngon cé phan trén udn ra ngoai. Dét ngon hinh ngén tay, cong gap ra phia ngoai, ddu ngon ché d0i thanh 2 thuy. GO2 cé phan ngon hinh soi dai.Anh 1: Vietopotamon aluoiensis sp. noy. (con duc) A. Nhin tir mat mg; B, Nhin tir mat bungHinh I: Vietopotamon aluoiensis nov. sp. (con dtc) ‘A: mat lung; B: mat trén; C: phdn bung; D: ischium chan him IIl; E: GOL‘Thong s6 do a Con Chiéu rong mai (L) (mm) 34 | 36 Chiéu dai mai (1) (mm) 44 | 47 Chiéu day mai (e) (mm) 19 | 20 ‘Chiéu rong trén (F) (mm) 12 | 15 on rong giud hai 6 mit 28 30 Chiéu dai carpus (mm) 2 | B Chiéu dai ban (mm) 28 | 18 Chiéu dai ngén (mm) 12 | 14 Chiéu cao dot bung VII(mm) | 06 | 08 Chiéu cao dét bung Vi(mm) | 05 | 07 Got on duc: d6t cudi/dor 02/08 2. Geothelphusa vietnamica sp. nov. (Anh 2) Dac diém chén toai Mai hinh bau duc, phéng to, géc bén true tron, Mat trén mai nhSn, cdc thuy thuong vi khong phat trién nhung nom 13. Dét bung VII hinh tam gic thap, canh bén thing, dai gdn bang d6t V1. Dét cusi GO! con dyc hinh que, chia thang, phn géc hoi to hon phén ngon, dai bang 1/4 dot truéc cudi, ddu cut 6 tim 16i nhd Sngon. Holotyp: 1 con duc; Allotyp: 1 con ci, sudi Qiic ‘Phuong, Ninh Binh-Vist Nam, thang 12/2001, uu gid tai Vien Sinh thai va Tai nguyén sinh vat, Ha Noi-Viet Nam. Vat mau nghién cfu: 3 con duc thu duge & su6i Cc Phuong, Ninh Binh- M6 ta Mai hinh bu duc, phéng to, géc ben trude trdn, g¥ bén truée manh chi thay & con non, khong thay 16 con truéng thanh. Mat trén mai nhén, cdc thuy thuong vj khong phét trién nhung nom 16. G& sau 6 mat khong nom 16. Céc rénh au, ranh ban nguyét, ranh chit H kém phat trién nhung nom rd. Canh truéc trén chia 2 thuy. Dot bung VII hinh tam gidc thép, canh bén thing, dai bing d6ét VI. Céc dét Ischium, merus cia 4 chan ham 3 déu hoi dai hon réng. GOL con dv 06 dét trudc cudi vuét nhé vé phfa ngon, cong 1 phia ngoai, canh trong thing, canh ngoai ln Dét cu6i hinh que, chia thing, phan géc hoi 1 hon phan ngon, dai bing 1/4 dot trude cuéi, da cut c6 tm Idi nhé & ngon. GO2 o6 phin ngo hinh sgi dai bang phén géc. nonse | & [Se Chigu rong mai (L) (mm) 38 | 4 Chiéu dai mai () (mm) s2 | 33 Chiéu day mai (e) (mm) a_| 22 Chigu rong tran (F) (mm) os | 09 City rong gid hai 6 mit] 4, | 4) Chiéu dai carpns (mm) 14 | 14 Chiéu dai ban (mm) 20 | 20 Chiéu dai ngén (mm) 1s [ 18 Chiéu cao dot bung Vit(mm) | 05 | 07 Chigu cao d6t bung VI(mm) | 06 | 10 Gor Gon ge: 46 ex6i864| gy Nhan xét Loai méi Geothelphusa vietnamica sp. nov 06 nhiing sai khéc véi cdc loai thude giéng Geothelphusa 43 biét hién nay trong khu vite ¢ GO] v6i dot cudi dai bang 1/4 dot trude cus (cae loai khdc chi bang 1/5-1/6). Chan ngue manh, rat dai. Day 1a loai dau tien thudc gidng Geothelphusa thay & phia bic Vigt Nam, trong Khi cdc loai Geothelphusa khdc & ving phia dong Chau A cho t6i nay chi méi thay & Nhat Ban, Dai Loan. TAILIEU THAM KHAO 1. Bott R.: 1970. Die SUsswasserkrabben von Europa Asien, Australien und ihre Stammesgeschichte. Abh. — Senckenber- gischen Nat. Ges., Frankfurt, 526: 1-338. 2. Dang Ngoc Thanh et al.: 1980. Dinh loai dong vat khong xuong séng nutéc ngot bic Vigt Nam. NXB Khoa hoc va Kj thuat.Anh 2: Geothelphusa vietnamica sp. nov. (con duc) A. Nhin t¥ mat lung; B. Nhin tit mat bungHinh 2: Geothelphusa vietnamica nov. sp. (con dite) ‘A: mat lung; B: mat trén; C: phan bung; D: ischium chan ham IIT; B: GO1; F: déu cut cla dét eudi GOI3. Dang Ngoc Thanh, Hé Thanh Hai, 2000: _Ping Yu, 1994: Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, Dong vat chi Viet Nam, Tap 5, Gidp xéc—-42(4): 781-846. nuée nggt. NXB Khoa hoe va Kj thuat, 5. Ng. P. K. L., Takeda M., 1992: Bull. Nat. 4. Jhy-Yun Shy, Peter K. L. Ng. Hsiang Sci. Tokyo Ser. A, 18(4): 149-166. TWO NEW CRAB SPECIES OF POTAMIDAE FOUND IN VIETNAM DANG NGOC THANH, HO THANH HAL SUMMARY Vietopotamon gen. nov. Diagnosis: Carapace transverse, trapejoid, anterolateral margins convexe, cristate. Anterior region rather swollen, rugose, posterior part smooth. Frontal margin sinuous. Cheliped III with rectangular merus. Fingers slightly longer than palm, Ambulatory legs rather short and smooth, Male abdoment VII segment triangular With concave lateral margins. GOI slender with terminal segment finger form in shape, outwardly curved. tip lobed. Remarks: ‘This new genus Vietopotamon gen. nov. differs from the known genera Tiwaripotamon Bott, 1970 and Ovipotamon Peter K. L. et M. Takeda, 1992 in several significant aspects: 1. Carpace transverse, trapejoid (not ovoid). Anterolacteral margins cristate, 2. Cheliped IIT ischium rectangular, not squarish 3, Male abdomen VII segment with concave lateral margins, not straight. 4. Terminal segment male GO1 long, finger form, outwardly curved, with a swollen tip, bilobed (not straight and with rounded tip). Besides, all species of Ovipotumon up to now only known from Philippine, probably as Philippine island endemic species. ‘Type species: Vietopotamon aluoiensis sp. nov. 1. Vietopotamon aluoiensis sp. nov. (Fig. 1) Holotype, | male; Allotype, 1 female, collected from the stream at the Aluoi district, Thuathienhue province, Vietnam, in August 2001, deposited in the Zoological Museum, Institute of Ecology and Biological resources, Hanoi-Vietnam. Diagnosis: Carapace transverse, trapejoid, anterolateral margins convexe, cristate. Anterior region rather swoblen, rugose. Pusterier part smooth, Frontal margin sinuous. Extemal angle squarish. Epibranchial tooth small, blunt, external orbital angle triangular. Epigastric lobes distinct, rugose, postfrontal and and postorbital cristae present, separated each other by broad notch. Cervical grooves shallow, semilunar groove distinct. Cheliped III with rectangular merus, exopod with well developed flagellum. Upper surface carpus and palm Tugose, inner distal spine well developed. Fingers slightly longer than palm. Ambulatory legs rather short and smooth. Male abdoment VII segment triangular with concave lateral margins. The VI segment shorter than the VII one. GO1 slender, with terminal segment finger form in shape, outwardly curved, tip bilobed. 2. Geothelphusa vietnamica sp. nov. (Fig. 2) Holotype, 1 male; Allotype, 1 female, collected from the stream at the Cucphuong National park, Ninh binh province, Vietnam, in December 2001, deposited in the Zoological Museum, Institute of Ecology and Biological resources, Hanoi- Vietnam.~ Diagnosis: The 7 th. abdomen segment low triangular, lateral margin straight. GOI in male with terminal segment stick-shaped, distal truncate with small hyaline crest length 1/4 times that of subterminal segment. Ambulatory legs slender, very long. Carapace oval elongate, strongly convex, dorsal surface smooth. Epigastrie lobes and ctista not developed, but well distinct. Cervical semilunar, H-shaped grooves moderately developed. Front anterior margin bilobed. Abdomen VII segment Jow triangular, lateral margin straight. Ischium, merus slightly long than wide. GO1 in male with subterminal segment gradually tapering from relatively broad base, slightly curved outwards. Outer border concave, while inner border straight. Terminal segment stick-shaped, tumed upwards, distal part truncate with small hyaline crest length 1/4 times that of subterminal segment. Ambulatory legs slender, very long. Remarks: This new species Geothelphusa vietnamica sp. nov. differs from the known species of Geothelphusa in the region nowadays in several significant aspects: GOI tured upwards, with small distal hyaline crest. Terminal segment length 1/4 times that of subterminal segment. While others 1/5-1/6. Ambulatory legs slender, very long. Abdomen VII segment low triangular. This species of Geothelphusa firstly found in the northem Vietnam while others species of Geothelphusa found only in eastern Asia, as Japan and Taiwan up to now. Nedy nh@n bai: 27 - 2 - 200224 (2): 9-14 Tap chi SINH HOC 6-2002 MOT GIONG MGI VA MOT LOAI MGI THUOC HO BALITORIDAE (CYPRINIFORMES) TIM THAY G HUYEN DIEN BIEN, TINH LAI CHAU Trong nhtng nim.cong téc tai huyén Dign Bien, tinh Lai Chau (1996-1998), chting toi da thu thap duge mot dang 4 Bam rat la & song Nam Nia thude hé théng song Me Cong. Két qua phan tich phan loai hoc cho thy day IA mot lodi méi thuge mOt giéng méi cia phan ho Balitorinae, ho Balitoridae, b@ Cypriniformes. Dienbienia V.H Nguyen & H.D. Nguyen gen. nov. Céc mu thu duge & Nam Nia, xi Noong Ludng, huyén Dién Bién nén chting toi dat tén giGng méi la gidng cd Bim Dign Bién. Dac diém chdn loal: than dep bing, huéng vé sau dep ben dan. Vién lung cong néng, vién bung thing bing. Chiéu cao than nhé hon chiéu rong than 1 rang. Ddu bet. Mém tdy tron, mé canh hoi méng. Miéng dudi, nhd, hinh cong nong. Méi cé nhiéu mau thit. Mau thit moi ten phat trién, mau m6i duéi nhé hon va déu x€p thanh mot hang. Truéc miéng cé m6t ranh mom va nép mom. Nép mom phan 3 thuy, gia céc thuy c6 2 d6i rau mm ngén. Géc miéng cé mot doi rau ngdn, thé. Mat nhé 6 phia trén va nira sau cia du. Khoang c4ch hai mat réng va bang. L6 mang rong mé rong xudng phia bung cia dau, Cac vay chan phat trién xod bing, cing v6i migng va mat bung tao thanh ban bam. Géc cdc vay déu cé chat thit phét trién; cdc tia khong phan nhénh hai bén déu cé nhiéu gai khia rang cua dé ting kha nang bam. Vay lung 06 12 tia khong phan nhénh, 13 tia phan nhénh, mit cu6i t6i ngang khéi diém vay lung. Vay bung 6 6 tia Khong phan nhénh, tia 13 phan nhénh; tia vay ben phai va bén tréi khong néi lién ma cd4ch NGUYEN VAN HAO Vién Nghién citu nudi trong thily sdn I NGUYEN HOU DUC Truong dai hoc Su pham Ha Noi nhau bing 1/3 chiéu rong than & noi 46. Vay dudi 16m, thuy duéi dai hon. Than phii vay nhd. Duong bén hodn todn chay gitta than. Mat bung Khong phi vdy kéo dai ti cim t6i nguc bung, két thiic & phén tém da hinh tam gide sau g6c vay byng. Nhan xét: Ho Balitoridae c6 hai phan ho 1a Gastromyzoninae c4c vay chin chi cé mot tia khorig phan nhénh va Balitorinae cdc vay chin 6 hai tia khong phan nhénh tro len. Gidng od méi thugc phan ho Balitorinae. Loai chudn: Dienbienia namnuaensis V.H Nguyen & H.D. Nguyen sp. nov. Phan ho Balitorinae c6 10 gidng thi cé 4 gi6ng céc vay chin xo’ bing, cling véi migng va mat bung tao thinh ban bém l& Dienbienia gen. nov., Sinohomaloptera Fang, 1930; Sinogastro- myzon Fang, 1930 va Metahomaloptera Chang, 1944, trong dé hai gidng dau cac tia bén phai va ben tréi cia vay bung khong n6i. fién nhau ma c4ch nhau mot khoang nhé hon chiéu rong than & 46. Ging cé méi khéc véi gidng Sinohomaloptera chi yéu Ja diy to, rong, ngén (chiéu dai dau nhé hon chiéu rong), miéng nhd hinh cong néng, m4u thit & moi kém phat trién, rau géc migng mot doi, Tia vay khong phan nhanh cia céc vay chin rat nhiéu (vay nguc 12 tia, vay bung 6 tia) va hai bén cdc tia vay déu cé gai c6 khia ring cua. Phén khong 06 vay & ngyc va bung kéo dai hét tim da hinh tam gidc & sau g6c vay bung. Can giéng kia ddu nhd, hep ngén (chigu dai ddu ln hon chiéu rong d4u). Miéng 16n so véi d4u, hinh cung sau ho’e hinh méng ngua; mAu thit & moi rat phét trién; rau géc migng hai doi. Tia vay khong phan nhénh cla 9vay chéin it hon (vay ngue 8 tia vA vay bung 3 tia) va céc tia déu khong c6 gai khia rang cua; Phin khong c6 viy & nguc vi bung chi kéo dai En trudc gOc vay bung [2, 9]. Khoa dinh loai cc gidng trong phan ho Balitorinae 1(6) Vay bung cé hai tia khong phan nhénh 2(3) Méi khong cé cde miu thit Gi6ng cé Bam 4 Homaloptera Hasselt, 1823 3(2) M6i c6 cdc mau thit phat trién 4(5) Than hinh tru, déu rat dep bing. Vay bung kéo dai qué hau mon. Hau mon gin g6éc vay bung hon vay hau mon. Vay nguc bit déu sau mat, c6 14 tia phan nhdnh véi 4 tia khong phan nhénh. Gidng c4 Bam than tru Balitoropsis Smith, 1945 5(4) Than va diu rat dep bing. Vay bung kéo dai khong t6i hau mon. Hau mén géin gée vay hgu mén hon géc vay bung. Vay nguc bat dau & dudi mat, c6 19 - 21 tia véi 8 - 10 tia khong phan nhanh. Ging ca Bam vay Balitora Gray, 1833 6(1) Vay bung cé tir 3 tia khong phan nhénh tre len. 7(8) Cén dudi dai; chiéu dai gtip hon 10 lan chigu cao cia né. Ging c4 B4m cin dudi dai Leuturichthys Regan, 1911 8(7) Cén dudi ngin; chiéu dai bing hode nhé hon 6 lan chiéu cao cud né 9(18) L6 mang kéo dai dén phia bung cia dau. 10(15) Vay ngue, vay bung xo’ bing vA cing véi mat bung 10 thanh mat bam. 11(12)Vay bung ¢6 g6c ben phai va ben tri 1n6i lién-nhau, khong c6 khoang hé. Ging cé Bam vay lién Sinogastromyzon Fang, 1930 12(11) Vay bung 6 g6c bén phai va bén tréi khong néi lién nhau ma céch mgt khoing nh6 hon chiéu réng than & noi dé. 10 13(14) Dau via phai, chiéu dai du lén hon chiéu rong déu. Miéng 1én hinh cung sau, m&u thit quanh moi phat trién; vay nguc cé 8 tia khong phan nhénh, vay bung 06 3 tia khong phan nhénh, cdc tia déu khong c6 gai khia ring cua & 2 ben; c6 hai d6i rtu géc miéng. Gi6ng c4 Bam Trung Hoa Sinohomaloptera Fang, 1930 14(13) Dau Ién, chiéu dai ddu nhé hon chiéu rong dau. Miéng rat nhd, hinh cung néng; mau thjt quanh méi kém phat trién; vay nguc 06 12 tia khong phan nhénh, vay bung cé 6 tia khong phan nhanh, céc tia déu c6 nhiéu gai khia rang cua & hai bén; 6 mot doi rau géc miéng. Giong c4 Bam Dién Bién Dienbienia V.A. Nguyen & H.D. Nguyen 15(10) Vay nguc va vay byng xod bing vi kh6ng tao thanh ban bim. 16(17) Vay du0i phan thiy stu, chiéu dai than bang hodc nhé hon chiéu dai vay dudi. Mat c&t cén dudi tron hodc hoi vudng. Gidng c& Bam vay duoi thuy sau Jinskaia Kottelat & Chu, 1988 17(16) Vay du6i phan thuy nong, chiéu dai than 1én hon 3,5 lan chiéu dai can duoi. Mat cit cn dudi hoi dep bén. Gidng c4 Bam vay duoi thuy nong Hemimyzon Regan, 1911 18(9) L8 mang dimg lai & phia tren goc vay ngue. Gidng cd Bam Meta Metahomaloptera Chang, 1944 Dienbienia namnuaensis V.H. Nguyen & H.D. Nguyen sp. nov. (Anh 1) ‘Ten Viet Nam: C4 bam Nam Niia, Holotyp: C4 thé duc, Ma s6: H.04.10.01.01. Noi thu: song Nam Nia tai xa Noong Lung, huyén Dien Bien, tinh Lai Chau. Ngay thu: 23/5/1997 ‘Nguti thu: Nguyén Vin Hao Noi luu mdu: Phong ti¢u ban cd, Vién NCNTTS 1 - Bic Ninh.Anh 1. C4 Bam Nam Nua Dienbienia namnuaensis V. H. Nguyen & H.D. Nguyen sp. nov. (L=63 mm, LO = 50 mm):.a) mat nghiéng, b) mat lung, c) mat bung Paratyp: 1 mau. Cé4 thé cdi. M& s6: H.04.10.01.02. Negay, noi va ngudi thu nhu mau Holotyp. Noi Iuu mau: Phong titu ban c4, Vién NCNTTS I - Bic Ninh. Kich thuée: L= 61-63 mm, Lo = 48-50 mm, D=3,7; A=IL5; P= 12,13; V=6,12; C= 1842. 7 L1=62 5+ 63. Vay mabe vay ling 16. Vay doc cén duoi 12 - 13. Vay quanh cén dudi 18. Lo = 5,65 - 6,25H = 4,29 - 4,35T. T = 4.6 - 4,670 =.1,75 - 1,7700. Céc sé dém va ty 1é hinh thai céc loat mau duge chi dn 6 bang 1. Mo ta: ‘Than dep bang, ngan va rong; chiéu cao than nhd hon chiéu rong 16 rang. Vién lung cong nong, vién bung bang thing. Phin duoi hoi dep ben. Déu dep diing, to, rong va ngan, chiéu dai nhé hon chiéu rong. Mém tay tron, canh mong, ngén, chiéu rong gap hai ldn chiéu dai. Lé mii dya sét nhau, 16 mai truéc nam trong cénh mii, céch vién mat bing 1/2 t6i mdt mdm. Mat hoi nhé & phia trén, chiéu dai mém Ién hon phan du sau mat. Khong céch hai mat rong va bing. Miéng duéi, rat nhd, hinh cung nong. M6i trén. va mOi du6i n6i lién & géc miéng va c6 nhiéu mdu thit. Mau thit moi trén phat trién hon, c6 10 chiéc Ién x€p thanh mot hang, xen gitta la céc mdéu thit nhé. Mau thit moi duéi nhd hon, x¢p mot hang khoang 12 chiéc. Ham trén va duéi hoi 1d ra ngoai va déu phan céch véi moi. True miéng 6 ranh mém va nép mém. Ranh mom s4u va rong, di vé hai bén hep va néng, vong vé phia trudc, dimg & géc rau géc miéng. Nép mom 6 3 thuy, thuy gitfa Ién va dai, thuy ben nhd va ngin; Gitta cdc thuy 6 2 doi rau mém, xép gin nhu mt dudng thing, rau trong ngén ti, rau ngoai dai hon va mit nhon. Gée miéng cé mot 46i rau ngfn, tho. Lé mang nhd, men theo géc vay ngyc, xu6ng mat bung cla déu, Eo mang rong bing 2/3 chiéu dai déu. Vay lung khOng cé gai cing, khéi diém sau khéi diém vay byng, gén mit mom hon géc vay dudi, vién sau bang, mét cu6i ngang voi hau mon. Vay hau mon cé gai cing manh, khéi diém t6i gc vay dudi bing t6i mit sau vay bung; mut cudi céch g6c vay dudi bing chiéu dai cha n6. Céc vay chan phat trién to, xbe bangcling véi migng va mat bung tao thanh ban bam; cdc tia vay khong phan nhénh déu cé khia rang cua & hai bén dé ting them kha nang bam. Vay nguc c6 khéi diém 6 duéi duing thing géc gitia truée mat va 16 mili; mit sau kéo dai t6i ngang khéi diém vay ug. Vay bung o6 khéi diém gén g6c vay dudi hon mut mém; cdc tia bén phai va ben tréi khOng néi lién ma cach mét khodng bang 1/3 chiéu rng than & noi d6; vién sau vay trdn, mult cu6i khéng dat t6i-hau mon; khoang cdch tia cui hai ben khong song song ma géc Ong, gitta thon va cu6i lai phinh to ra. Hau mon c4ch vay hau mon bing 1/3 t6i mut sau g6c vay bung. Vay dudi 16m sau, thuy duéi dai hon. Bang 1 Cae so dém va ty Ie s6 do hinh théi mu Holotyp va Paratyp cia Dienbienia namnuaensis V.H. Nguyen & H.D. Nguyen sp. nov. TT] Céc chi tiéu Holotyp Paratyp Pi | Chiéu dai ton than (L, mm) 63 61 2 | Chiéu dai than bd dusi (Lo, mm) 50 48 3. | S6 tia vay lung (D) 37 37 4 | S6tia vay hau mon (A) 15 1,5 5 | SO tia vay nguc (P) 12,13 12,13 6 | SS tia vay bung (V) 6,12 6,12 7 | SO tia vay duoi (C) 1842 1842 8 | Vay dudng bén (L.1) 63.75 62.75 9 | Vay truée vay mg 16 16 10 | Vay doc can du6i 13 12 11 | Vay quanh cén dui 18 18 12 | Chiéu dai than / Chiéu cao than 6,25 5,65 13. | Chiéu dai than / Chiéu dai du 435 429 14 | Chidu dai than / Khoang céch truéc vay Img 2,17 215 15 | Chiéu dai than / Khoang cach sau vay lmg 2,50 2,40 16 | Chiéu dai than / Chiéu dai cin duoi, 4141 11,43 17 | Chiéu dai than / Chiéu cao cén dudi 14,29 15,00 18 | Chiéu dai than / Chiéu day than 3,85 3,84 19 | Chiéu dai dau / Chiéu dai mom 2,09 2AL 20 | Chiéu dai dau / Dudmg kinh mat 4,60 4,67 21 | Chiéu dai dau / Phdn ddu sau mat 3,29 3,20 22. | Chiéu dai déu / Kho’ng céch mat 477 1,75 23 | Chiéu dai dau / Chiéu cao dau & gay 2,30 2,15 24 | Chiéu dai dau / cao déu & gitta mit 2,30 2,20 25 | Chiéu dai du / Chiéu rong dau 110 1,12 26 | Chiéu dai dau / Chiéu rong miéng 2,88 2,95 27 | Chiéu cao than / Chiéu day than 0,62 0,68 28 | Chiéu cao than / Chiéu cao cén dudi 2,29 2,66 29 | Khoang céch 2 mat / Dudng kinh mét 2,60 2,67 30 | Khodng cich PV / Khong céch VA 081 0,84 31 | Chiéu dai cén dudi / 1,29 131 32_| Chiéu dai vay dudi / Chiéu dai tia gita vay du6i 1,50 175Vay nhd. Dudng bén hodn to&n chay ty 15 trén mang, cong xu6ng ti ngang khdi diém vay ngyc, hoi cong én t6i miit sau vay nguc di vio gitta than va cén dudi. Phan nguc bung khong phi vay va kéo dai dén hét tim da hinh tam gic sau géc vay bung, khoang t6i 1/2 chiéu dai vay bung. Géc vay nguc va vay bung c6 chét thit phat trién, phfa trén khong phit vay. Phia trade mit va phia trén géc vay nguc 06 cdc hat tron tring xép theo. Mau séc: Than xém sdm, bung ving nhat. Doc lung c6 7-8 dm nau sdm. Doc than cé nhiéu vét den, khong qui tic. G gitta vay lung cée tia vay mau den, tgo thanh mét soc den rong. Vay du6i cé 3 vét den nhat ngang vay. 6 cae vay chéin mat lung cé phén géc ving, ngon x4m; mat bung g6c x4m, ngon trang nhat. Vay hgu mon vang nhat. Nhan xét: lodi c4 nay khic véi céc loai trong giéng Sinohomaloptera (8. kwangsiensis Fang, S. yaotanensis Fang va S. yaotanensis aculicauda Fang), chi: yéu vin Ia cdc dic diém sai khdc gitta hai giéng 4a trinh bay 6 phn 1. C4 song & cdc sdng sudi nude chiy xiét hoac théc nuéc va thudng sOng len Idi trong cdc khe 44, Cé o& nhé, khong c6 gid tri kinh 6. TAI LIEU THAM KHAO 1. Nguyén Hau Duc, 1995: Gép phan nghién citu khu hé c& nuée ngot Nam Trung BO Viet Nam. Luan én phé tién si sinh hoc - ‘Truéng DHSPI - Ha Noi: 88-90. 2. Vuong Di Khang, 1962: Ngu loai phan loai hoc. Nxb Nong thon Ha Noi: 261-273. 3. Nguyén Thai Ty, 1983: Khu h¢ of lw vy 7. Chevey _P. song Lam, Nghé An. Luan 4n phé tién si sinh hoc - Trung Dai hoc Tang hop Ha Noi: 70-71. 4, Mai Dinh Yen, 1978: Dinh loai ¢4 nuéc ngot cde tinh phia Bic Viet Nam. Nxb Khoa ge ky thugt Ha Noi: 203-223. 5. Mai Dinh Yén va cfng su, 1992: C4 nude ngot Nam BO Viet Nam. Nxb Khoa hoc kj thugt Ha Noi: 135-136. 6. Chen Yiyu, 1998: The fishes of the Hongduan mountain region. China (Chinese): 260- 275. & Lemasson J. 1937: Contribution & I’étude des poisson des eaux douces tonkinoises. Not. Inst. ocengr, Indochine, Hanoi: 97. 8. Chu Xinluo, Chen Yinrui et al, 1990: The fishes of Yunnan, China, part I: 83-113. 9. Fang P. W., 1930: Sinensia, 1 (3): 25-27. 10, Inger, R. F. & Chin P. K., 1962: The freshwater fishes of North Borneo, Chicago Natural History Museum: 104-114. 11. Kottelat, M., 1996: Fishes of the-Nam Theun and Xe Bangfai basins (Lao): 31-36. 12, Rainboth, W. J., 1996: Fishes of the Cambodian Mekong: 123-127. 13. Robert J. R., 1989: The freshwater fishes of Western Borneo (Kalimantan Barat, Indonesia). San Francisco, pp. 81 - 93. 14. Smith, H. M., 1945: The freshwater fishes of Siam or Thailand: 278-279. 15. Taki Y., 1974: Fishes of Lao Mekong basin: 163-164. A NEW GENUS AND A NEW SPECIES OF FRESHWATER FISH BALITORIDAE, CYPRINIFORMES FROM THE DIENBIEN DISTRICT, LAICHAU PROVINCE, VIETNAM NGUYEN VAN HAO, NGUYEN HUU DUC SUMMARY Dienbienia namnuaensis is a new species of the new genus Dienbienia belonging to Balitorinae - Balitoridae - Cypriniformes. This new genus Dienbienia was collected in the Namnua river, belonging to the Mekong river system, at the Dienbien district, Laichau province, North of Vietnam. In this. paper, 13-identification of the new genus was compared to similar genera of Balitorinae. The taxonomic key of the present genera of Balitorinae has been clearly set up. Specimens of this new species were stored in the Fisheries Museum of the Research Institute for Aquaculture I, Tuson, Bacninh. Dienbienia gen. nov. Generic diagnosis: Body flat, compressed. Height of body smailer than body width. Mouth is small, subterminal, slightly circular. Upper and lower lip lobate. Four short maxila barbels and one pair of small barbels at comer of mouth. Gill opening wide, laterally expanded. 12 simple rays and 13 branched rays in dorsal fin; 6 simple rays and 13 branched rays in pelvic fin, Pelvic fins are not continous. Pectoral fins are not continous. Pectoral and abdominal areas have no scale, Lateral line completes, Remarks: 4 of 10 genera of Baliforiane have even wide fins, laterally expanded and Dienhienia is one of them. Only the pelvic fins of Dienbienia and Sinohomaloptera are not continous. Dienbienia is different from Sinohomaloptera in the number of the simple ray of the even fins (Dienbienia has 12 in pectoral fins and pelvic fins, compared with 8 and 3 ones of Sinohomaloptera), The spiny rays of Dienhienia are serrated while the spiny rays of Sinohomalopteraare unserrated, Dienbienia has one pair of barbels at the corner of the mouth white Sinohomatoptera has two pairs. Type species: Dienbienia namnuaensis sp. nov. Dienbienia nammuaensis sp. nov, Holotype: Male, collected from the Mamnua river at the Noongluong village, Dienbien district, Laichau provinee, Victnam, deposited in the Fisheries museum of the Research Institute for Aquaculture No. 1, Tuson, Bacninh, Vietnam, Paratype: Female, Same data as the holotype. Description: Body flat, compressed. Caudal peduncule slender, slightly laterally flattened, height of body smaller than body width. Snout obtusely routunded. Width of snout is two times of its length. Nostril near eye, far from snout. Eye small, placed on upper part and half end of head side. Gill opens wide, laterally expanded. Preorbital length larger than postorbital. Interorbital distance large. Mouth small, subterminal, slightly circular. Supper and lower lip continously at the comer of the mouth. Upper and lower lip lobate. The upper lip lobate bigger than lower lip one; both of them arrange in a row, Four short maxillary barbels and one pair of small barbels at comer of mouth. Dorsal fin with 12 simple and 13 branched rays. Dorsal fin origin behind pelvic fin insertion; distance from dorsal fin origin to snout smaller than to caudal fin base. Anal fin with small spine. 6 simple and 13 branched rays in pelvic fin, Pelvic fins are not continous. Caudal fin is concave, the lower lip longer than ‘upper lip. Even fins big, laterally expanded, simple rays with laterally serrated. Anus near anal fin. Scales tiny, cycloid. Pectoral and abdominal area have no scale, Lateral line complete, Body grey. A row of 7-8 large black blotches along back. Irregular black pattern along body sides. Dorsal fin with a large darker bar; Caudal fin with 3 slightly darker bar. Anal fin pale yellow. Upper side of even fins are grey on top, yellow on base, while lower side of which are pale white on top, grey on base. Ngay nhdn bai: 14-2-2001 1424 (2): 15-21 Tap chi SINH HOC 6-2002 KET QUA NGHIEN CUU DOI 6 KHU VUC PU HOAT, TINH NGHE AN Khu vue Pd Hoat nim & 19°25"- 20°00" vi Bac; 104°37’ - 104°14" kinh Déng, thuge dia ban huyén Qué Phong, tinh Nghé An; dO cao thay 4éi tir 250 dén 2.452 m so voi myc nude bién, nhiéu dinh cao trén 1.700 m, cao nhat 14 dinh Pa Hoat (2.452 m). Khu vue nay hién c6 dién tich rimg nguyén sinh rat rong; bao gém nhiing c4nh ring diu nguén cha hon 40 dong sudi véi tng dign tich hon 100 km? va toan bo hé théng song CA Ou. Nam 1999, Pi Hoat cé téng dién tich 1a 67.934 ha; theo ké hoach thi dién tich cha Pi Hoat s€ ting Jén 200.000 ha vao nhing nam téi. Pi Hoat c6 nhiéu diéu kién ty nhién nhu: dja hinh, khi hau... rat thudin loi cho su sinh s6ng ela nhimg Joai dong, thyc vat. Két qua diéu tra nim 1997 (Vign Diéu tra Quy hoach Ring ph6i hop voi Uy ban Nhan dan tinh Nghé An) di ghi nhan duge 45 Joai thii, nhumg chia cé nhiéu ghi nhan vé céc loai thi nhé nhu gam nhém va doi [11]. Nhu vay, cho t6i truéc nim 1999, Pd Hoat da thiéu hin nhimg nghién cifu chuyén sau vé doi. Mién Trung Viet Nam 1a ving cé khi hau dién bién rit phitc tap. Mat khéc, hau hét cur dan sinh sOng Pa Hoat 18 dan t6c thiéu s6 nhu: Thanh, Théi, H’mong... véi ddi sng chi yéu dua vio cdc san phém khai théc duge ti ring, tir nwong rly. Diéu 46 din dén nhiéu hién tugng khai thic bat hop If tai nguyén rimg; dét, ph rimg dé lay dat canh téc ... van cdn t6n tai. Bé 1 nhimg nguyén nhan chinh cé tée dong nguy hai dén Pi Hoat. Vi vay, diéu tra va nghién ctu hién trang da dang sinh hoc cla Pi Hoat dé lam co sé cho viée thiét lap nhiing gidi phap bdo tén (Khai thc mét céch hop ly trén co so Khoa hoc, bao t6n va pht trién bén ving...) JA vie Lim cén thiét va cp bach. VO BINH THONG Vién Sinh thdi va Tai nguyén sinh vat Trong nim 1999, chting 16i 44 phOi hop véi Té chic Frontier-Vietnam nghién cifu chuyén su vé doi cia khu vyc Pa Hoat trong 3 giai doan: giai doan 1 tir thing 1 dén thang 3, giai doan 2 i théing 4 dén thdng 6, giai doan 3 tit thang 10 dén théing 12. I. PHUONG PHAP NGHIEN COU Ching t0i di sir dung phéi hop nhiéu phuong phép khée nhau nhu: dat bay, phéng van, quan sét tnutc tigp va gin tigp.... Trong dé, phuong phép chi yéu duge sit dung 1a dat bay dé truc tigp thu mau trong cée sinh canh cé doi sinh s6ng (hang dong, dudi tan cay...). Bay Thy Cm va céc loai lu6i m3 06 kich o& khéc nhau (9 m x 2,5 m; 6m x 2,5 m; 20 mx 2,5 m...) 44 duge sit dung. Chting c6 thé duge sit dung ring bigt hoc két hyp voi nhau (tuy thuge vao dia hinh) nb&m nang cao hiéu qué thu mau [9]. Co 2 cach sit dung ph6i hop bay Thy Cm va luéi mis ma chiing t6i da sir dung rét thinh cong trong thai gian digu tra Ia: + Dat by Thy Céim vu6ng géc v6i dung bay cla doi (16i mon, suéi nhé...) va ging ludi my 6 hal ben to thin ink piu tng do bay vio iy. + Dit bay Thy Cém nhu mo ta & tren, gitng lu6i m6 trudc va sau (mot chi thap vA mot cAi cao), méi luéi c&ch bay khodng 6-10 m. ‘Ta cd luéi m& va bay Thy Cam déu duge mo vao Ide mat di lan va déng lai Lic mgt tei moc, ching duge theo doi thuéng xuyén trong suét thai gian by. By Thu Cém dugc mé thau dém con lu6i md thu’ng duge déng Iai Ide gitta dém 15{khoang ti 23h00 dém dén 4h00 sdng hom sau) - d6 1a thoi gian thu mau dat két qua thap trong dém. Moi cé thé doi bj bat déu duce kiém tra cdc thong s6 can thiét nhu: gidi tinh, tuéi, tinh trang sinh ¥, chiéu dai cing tay, trong lung, vw... Méi loai duce gift Ii 1-2 m4u dai din; déng thai, nhimg cA thé cé nhing dic diém la hose dic diém nghi van cing duge gitt lai. Nhiing mau gitt lai sé duge xit ly bling cach: cho vio hép kin chita bong tim é-te (dé giét), sau 6 tiem cén 96° vao co thé (bp thit, ndi quan, so) r6i duge ngam trong cén 70°. Mot s6 ndi quan (gan, than) duge téch ra vA ngam vao trong cén 96° dé phan tich ADN sau nay (néu cn thiét) [9]. Tat cA nhing mau déu dugc phan loai so b9 tai hign trudng theo mot sé tai ligu hien cé [4, 5, 6, 7, 8], sau 46 duge luu gift va bdo quan tai Vien Sinh thai va Tai nguyén sinh vat - Ha Noi. Mot so mau duge giti di Bao ting Lich sir ty nhién Hungari, Bio ting Hoing gia Ontario-Canada, Vien Harrison-Anh, Bao tang Lich sir ty nhién London- Anh, vv... dé kiém dinh két qua. 1, KET QUA VA THAO LUAN 1. Thanh phn Lodi Can cit vao dic diém clia 369 cd thé bi bat tir lui ma va bay Thu Cfm, ching t6i 43 dinh loai duoc 23 loai thude 11 chi, 5 ho, 2 phan bo (Megachiroptera va Microchiroptera) (bing 2). Trong 46, ho Doi qua (Pteropodidae) cd 3 loti, ho Doi ma (Megadermatidae) 6 1 loai, ho Doi 14 mai (Rhinolophidae) cé 6 loai, ho Doi nép muti Cipposideridae) c6 4 loai va ho Doi mudi (Vespertilionidae) cé 9 loai. Hau hét céc loai duge bat tai bay Thu Cam, chi c6 3 loai Doi qua va 1 lodi Doi ma duoc bét & ludi m&. So voi khu hé doi cha m6t s6 Khu Bao tén thién nhién va ‘Vudn Quéc gia nhu: Bén En: 19 loai [2], Hoang Lien Son; 17 (1), Ba Bé: 6 [3]... thi thanh phiin céc loi doi dang sinh sng & khu vue Pi Hoat phong phti hon céc khu vye dé rét nhiéu, 2. Nhiing loai doi duge phat hién lin dau tien & Vigt Nam Theo “Danh luc cac loai thi Viét Nam” [8] va 16 “Tht Viet Nam” [6], trong s6 23 loai doi da ghi nhan duoc & khu vyc Pit Hogt, cé loai doi long mit (Myotis annectans) dugc phat hién [an déu Nam (bang 3) va nhiing ghi nhan vé Jodi doi qua ni cao (Sphaerias blanfordi) d& b6 sung tu ligu cho viéc khang dinh sy phan bd cia loai nay & Viet Nam. 3, Nhing loai doi quy hiém ghi nhan duge & khu vyc Pi Hoat Can ett vao Séch Dd Viet Nam nam 2000 [12] va Danh luc dé cia TUCN nam 2000 [13], khu yc Pd Hoat khéng cé loai doi nto duge ghi trong Sach Dd Viet Nam nim 2000. Hien chi c6 2 loai di duge ghi trong Danh luc dé cia IUCN nam 2000, bao gém: * Doi la to-ma (Rhinolophus thomasi). * Doi long mat (Myotis annectans) CA 2 obi trén déu duge xép & eaip do LR/nt. Diéu ding chi § 1a: két qua diéu tra chi ghi nhan dugce mot cé thé ciia loai doi long mat; nguge lai, lo’i doi to-ma da duge ghi nhdn rat thutng xuyén trong qué trinh diéu tra, trong hau hét cfc sinh canh nghién cttu. Mot cé thé thuge Iodi doi 14 t6- ma da bi bit 6 46 cao tren 1.250 m trong rimg po- mu thudn ching; day 1a ghi nhan dau tién & Viet Nam vé loai nay 6 d cao tren 1.200. m. 4. Sy phan bé cia doi 6 khu vue Pi Hoat (theo 6 cao ciia sinh cdnh) Can ctt vao vj tri ciia céc cé thé doi bi mic bay, ching t0i da chia sinh canh cita khu vue PD Hoat theo 3 cdip d9 cao 1a: duéi 500 m, 500-800 m va én 1.000 m (khong c6 cd thé ndo bi bat trong cde sinh cn thude ¢9 cao 800-1.000 m). C6 15 loai doi ghi nhin duge trong cdc sinh canh thuge 49 cao 500-800 m, 5 loai ghi nhan duge trong céc sinh canh thude d6 cao duéi 500 m va 7 loai ghi nhan dugc trong céc sinh canh thude 46 cao tren 1,000 m (bang 1, hinh 2). Cé 2 loai ghi nhan duoc trong cd 3 cap dO sinh canh néu trén 1a: doi 14 duoi (Rhinolophus affinis) va doi mii éng long chan (Murina tubinaris) (bang 2). 5. Van dé bao tn Trong cdc quin thé doi di phat hign dugc 6 khu vyc Pi Hoat, chi c6 quin thé loai doi 1d duoiBang I Sy phan bé cia doi ¢ khu vue Pi Hoat theo sinh cdnh thudc cdc d0 cao khée nhau DO cao cia sinh cinh S6loai ghi nhgn duge | TY !€ mae ea Todi cia <500m 5 435 500-800 m 15 65,22 > 1.000 m 7 30,43 S6 Joai 20 15) 10 | ° | om no: o% ~~ * Deal Thang 1-2 Thang 4-6 Thang 10 - 12 Hinh L. So sénh so'lugng va thanh phn Lodi doi bi bit vao cdc thang khdc nhau trong nam $6 oai 14! 12) 10. | " 6 2) Be 0 _ = 6 cao 600m. “00-800m 1000- 100m Hinh 2: M6i quan he gitta 6 Iugng lodi doi va do cao cia sinh c&nh 17x PERT YOUNUUIY, snjpisnd smydojoury| jon eftoq] OT x pest “wie smprday sno ayp-1d-3] PIO] 6 x x x €78I ‘PIOYSIOH syuifl> snydojouyay Tonp ¥1 oq a | | LZST “uossa’y aeprydorouryy nue BI lod OH x | SET UospoH{ 428:uap sosaprsoddiyy} énb nuriog) x [ 816] ‘uasiepuy puowod sosapisoddiy| quncinw eq) 9 x ELST PPYSIOR srypasy) sovaprsoddip wyx inuriog) —s x TLBI ‘Yosqog snunyzaxjo1s sno11asy| vieq tuted] LOST “Jn 2ePHapisoddy rout dgu jd OH eaaydoanpooTA, uu top oq wed x Test ‘sewoyy spsofunq soysanyds (ovo mu mb ied] € x TI6I ‘uasiapury “y smaugos snssoj80.120 yy] Up] voy Tu tog] = Z x L6LI THeA xunyds snsaidout | uy oud] | TZBT ‘hea aeprpodosyd enb 19d OW eraydoiypesoy) up] log Oq UeUd GEL ‘YDequeunig e19;dON1YD eq $a (Nond — [#000°1<[4 008 - o0s| Os > 204 BoUP] UAL WEN BIA URL Suen yuLL (09 uyyd ovo 6q Troy upud yuRyL, | z upg (6661) 38011 Ng 9H nUpH BNO yop Teo] 9e9 yes YUE 18“TOOz/E “(1) €z ‘90K HUNG sy de, Buon 9q Bugs sis Budo yr PIs Ov ANP EP (TEST ‘SeUIOY|]) PPANfunyy spLraDyds - ovD NU ENb Log (+) “WEN HOTA. © WOLY IY LOWE FeOT :C) 2 x OPST Youtumtuay, snddyond sprapscuops ]| anwd) €z x S16] ‘SeMOYL ZpRISNGO4 SHap2Ku0}K J] mq-o1 eq] ZZ WET x TLST ‘Wosqog sumzeuup suoKy| () ew Bug} tog) Iz fr )v6Ud]CUuc k!TCUTTCSC~«*dSCS GIST TUNG sransviskue sok | eugo rel od| Oz x OpaT ‘AeIQ Mjoruu snoKp| nyu Sung a] 6 x OPS] HOUMA, vsopdod pmonuiay| ——_wAeLuRYU INU G] I x VERI 'PPUSIOH In/IHpsDy DNoALAy] upqu mut tog] LI x x x 1881 ‘Atinog suupuqns outny| upyD Bug] Zug NWI IOq} 91 x TERI “Uosqod sHop2a DuLanyy| gn Tei Bu lod] SI Tz81 ‘Keagy aeprudoyysedsa, ynur yo OH x DIST ‘KoxyJ09H DAK] DuLiaposay| ee BUN IOG] pT TABI “TD PepHeutiepesayy eur 1d OH x Seg] “YomuULaL, pe0s swydojouny amr yetod) 1 x TSS1 “PIAYSIO puosuvad smydojounry| ‘ugxood Bf 104 waT x O61 “vasiopuy spuoys smydojouny ‘BU-94 PT TOT (NOMD —|“.0001 <|™ G08 - 00S] "OOS > 96y oupy UAL WEN IA UAL Buen qu 94 ueyd ovo Og Foy upyd yuu, 19(Rhinolophus affinisy) va di doi t6-ma (Rhinolophus thomasi) 1a dang sinh sing véi s6 long 16n (khoang hon 100 con/quén thé). Ching mic bay ngay cd trong nhimg ngay cb mua to, Ho Doi qua va ho Doi ma cé sé lugng 4 thé bj bat rat ft; chi e6 12 c& thé thuge ho Doi qua va 3c thé thudc he Doi ma bj bat trong sudt 3 giai doan 6 cdc sinh canh thudc ving trung tam cia hu vuc; dé 1a nhiing tidu khu rimg chua bi tac dong cia con ngudi hodc méi bj anh hutmg rét ft. ‘Thanh phan loai doi bat dugc 4 cde thang khéc nhau 1a khée nhau (théng 1 - (0 loai, thuge 7 chi, 5 ho; thdng 4 - 6: 11 loai thude 5 chi, 3 ho; thang 10 - 12: 16 loai thudc 9 chi, 5 ho) (hinh 1). ‘Su khéc nhau d6 c6 phén ign quan v6i diéu kign thai tiét va nguén thie an cho doi. Céc két qua nghién oifu vé khi hau, vé dong vat khong xuong s6ng ciia khu vc Pi Hoat da cho thay rang: tir cudi thang 6 dén thang 10 1a mia mua, diéu kien ciia cn tring va cdc loai dong vat khong xuong sOng khfc [11]. Nhu vay, sau mia mua thi lvong thtte an ciia doi da ting lén hon hin so véi céc thang khéc. Neudi dan dja phuong thing bat doi véi nhig muc dich rat khdéc nhau nhu: ngam rugu, lam thite ain cho ngudi, cho gia stic.... Ho ding canh cay, vot cdm tay, luéi... dé bat doi trong cdc hang déng nhé, trong céc khe, hém c6 doi sinh sOng; ding cung tén, nd dé ban doi tri ngu duéi tén cay, v.v.. Khoang 4.000 cé thé doi di bi giét hai trong nhiing ngay nghién ctu. D6 chi 1a sé lugng c4 thé ma chting ti da truc tip quan sét duoc trong qué trinh diéu tra, cdn cé bao nhigu c4 thé doi khéc da, dang va sé bi giét hai boi ngudi dan dia phutong? Vi cho tdi nay, khu vye Pb Hoat vin chua cé mot dy 4n hode chuong trinh nao nghién ctu chuyén sau vé cp do anh hudng cita cdc nhan t6 (san bat dong vat, khai thdc tre, g6...) 46i v6i ddi s6ng cha doi nén chua thé cé dan ligu thdi tiét thuan Igi cho su sinh truémg va phat trién dy di va chinh xée vé vn dé nay. Bang 3 Mot 86 dan ligu cia cé thé thudc loai doi long mat Thong s6 ‘Thdi gian 3 up) TA) E | HP | FA | TH ~~ ane | se] w | s | a s4| 48 | 14] | 47 | 7 | 56 | 19} of | 57 | 85] m| a | 2/2/1999 Ghi chi: ‘HB: chiéu dai au chiéu dai ngén tay ‘HF: chiéu dai ban chan S*P: chiéu dai ng6n S: gidi tinh than sau tayS TA: chiéu dai Fa shien daingéntay FA: chiéu daicdngtay —_‘W: trong lung A: tuéi dudi E: chiéu dai tai one chiéu dai ng6ntay4 =m: duc ‘TG: thdi gian thu mau a: trurémg thanh WL KET LUAN 2. G khu vuc Pu Hoat khong c6 loai ndo duge 1. 6 khu vuc Pi Hoat da xéc dinh duge 23 loai thuge-11 gidng, 5 ho, 2 phan bo doi trong nam 1999. Trong 46, 6 loai doi long mat (Myotis annectans) duge ghi nhan déu tien cho Viet Nam va loai doi qua nti cao (Sphaerias blanfordi) duge ghi nhan di b6 sung ur lidu dé khing dinh sit phan 6 ciia loai nay & Viet Nam. 20 ghi trong Sich Dé Viet Nam nam 2000; cé 2 loai duge ghi trong Danh luc dé ciia IUCN nam 2000 cap do LR/nt 1a: doi long mat (Myotis annectans) va doi Id t0-ma (Rhinolophus thomasi). 3. © khu vue Pa Hoat ¢6 15 loai doi sinh sng trong céc sinh canh & dO cao 500-800 m, 7 loai & d6 cao trén 1.000 m va 5 loai & d6 cao duéi 500 m.4. Chua 6 su quan tam dén vin dé bio t6n 6. Dieter Kock and Gerhard Storch, 1996: doi cia khu vec Pi Hoat. Vige sin bit doi cia Vietnamese. mammals: information pack on ngudi dan & Pi Hoat di va dang de doa nghiém Bats and Rodents. H.Z. M. England, trong d6i voi ddi séng cia doi. Khoang 4.000 cé . thé doi di bi ngudi dan giét hai trong thai gian 7” Lekagul Certain Bansko eek ne nghién cu. 8. Dang Huy Hujnh va cong sy, 1994: Danh luc TAI LIEU THAM KHAO cée loai thi (Mammalia) Vigt Nam. Nxb. KH&KT, Ha Noi. 1. Andrew Tordoff et al., 1999: Technical 9. Kate Barlow, 1999: Bats: Expedition Field Report No. 13. Hanoi, July. Techniques. Expedition Advisory Centre, 2. Andrew Tordoff et al., 2000: Technical London, UK. Report No. 15. Hanoi, August. 10. Pham Due Tien and Vu Dinh Thong, 1999: 3. Mike Hill et al, 1997: Technical Report No. Technical Report No. 15, Hanoi. 18. Hanoi, July. 11. Us Ban Nhan dan tinh Nghé An, 1997: Luan 4, Paul JJ Bates and David Harrison, 1997: Bat ching kinh té ky that Khu Bao tén thién nhién of the Indian Subcontinent. H. Z. M., 258ps. du kién Pi Hoat. 5. Corbet G. B and J. B. Hill, 1992: The 12. BO Khoa hoc, Cong nghe va Moi truong, Mammals of the Indomalayan Region: A 2000: Séch Dé Vigt Nam (téi bin). Nxb. KHKT systematic review. N. H. M. P. Oxford Univer- Ha Noi. sity Press. 13. IUCN, 2000: Red List of threatened animals. RESULTS OF THE BAT RESEARCH AT PUHOAT AREA, NGHEAN PROVINCE VU DINH THONG SUMMARY Puhoat proposed Nature Reserve (19°25'-20°00N; 104°37'-104°14'E) is situated in Quephong district, Nghean province in North-Central Vietnam. Altitudes vary from 250 m to 2,452 m above sea level, with many peaks above’ 1,700 m, one of which is Puhoat (2,452 m), the fourth highest mountain in Vietnam. It was first proposed as a Nature Reserve in 1997, by the Provincial People Committee of Nghean, in conjunction with the Forestry Inventory Planning Institute (FIP). Currently, the Proposed Reserve covers an area of 67.934 ha. There had not been any research on bats of Puhoat by 1998. In 1999, we conducted some bat surveys at the area in conjunction with Frontier-Vietnam and recorded 23 species, belonging to 11 genera, 5 families (Pteropodidae: 3 species, Megadermatidae: 1, Rhinolophidae: 6, Hipposideridae: 4 and Vespertilionidae: 9). According to the researches, there have existed some rare species such as Hill long-tongued fruit bat (Macroglossus sobrinus), Greater false vampire (Megaderma lyra); Great himalayan leaf-nosed bal (Hiposideros armiger) etc.; especially, two species of which were first found in Vietnam, including Mountain fruit bat (Sphaerias blanfordi) and Hairy- faced bat (Myotis annectans), two species are listed in the 2000 Red List of Threatened animals, including hairy- faced bat (Myotis annectans) and Thomas’ horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus thomasi). Based on the collected data, some conclusions of the up-to-date status of bats at Puhoat area have also been given. Negay nhn bai: 24 -8- 2001 i24 (2): 22-30 Tap chi SINH HOC 6-2002 DAN LIRU Vi THANH PHAN LOAI VA PHAN BO CUA VI TAO BIEN DOC HAISONG BAM TREN CAC RAN SAN HO 6 PHIA BAC VIET NAM Cac loai vi téo tiém tang doc hai séng day thudc Idp tao gidp (Dinophyceae) (tam goi tit Ia vi tho day doc hai (VTBDH)) thutng séng bam trén cdc gid thé & déy nhu rong bién, san hé chét, cat v.v. va chting 1a téc nhan gay ngo doc “ciguatera” [8], véi cdc tri¢u chimg vé than kinh va tiéu hod rat dac trmg. Doc 6 ciguatera do téo déy sn sinh ra, di t6i con ngudi thong qua viée ngudi ta sit dung mét s6 loai c4 ran san hO cé tap tinh an rong bién (thudc ho c4 Dudi gai - Acanthuridae, ho c& M6 - Serranidae v.v.) hodc cdc dng vat gidp x4c nhu cua, ghe d4 bi nhiém dc t6 ciguatoxin lam thuc phdm. Vi du vé ngo déc ciguatera gin day nhat xay ra 6 Héng Kong (1998), da lam khoang 100 ngudi bj ng doc sau khi an ca san hé [9]. Cée nghien cu lien quan t6i VIDDH & ving bién phia Bic Viet Nam bute déu cing da 6 mot s6 cong bé [14, 15, 16, 17]. Tuy nhién, chua cé cOng trinh nao dé cap sau vé thanh phin loai va phan b6 cla VTDDH 6 ving bin nay. Tir cdc dot diéu tra, nghién ctu vao céc nam 1998, 1999 va 2000, chiing toi da thu duge mot 86 din ligu buéc déu vé VTDDH 6 ving bién phfa Bic, Bai viét nay trinh bay vin tit két qua nghién citu dat duge. L PHUONG PHAP NGHIEN CUU 1, Doi tuong Bao g6m céc loai VIDDH thugc Iép do giép (Dinophyceae) da thu thap duge trén ran san hé thugc cac dio Bach Long V¥ (6 mat cit), ‘Cat Ba - Ha Long (5 diém), Long Chau (3 diém) vio céc nam 1998, 1999, 2000 (xem so dé thu mau). 2. Phuong phap 22 (CHU VAN THUOC Phan vién Hai duong hoc tai Hai Phong Sit dung phuong phép nghién citu tio d6c cla Andersen (1996) va Hallegraeff et al. (1995) [2, 8] do UNESCO fin hank, cdch lam cu thé nhu sau: a) Phuong phap khdo sat, thu mau & hign truemg Thu miu 4é dinh tinh VTDDH Thu tin rong bién (chit yéu 1a rong quat - Padina sp.) va tang san hé chét tai nhing vue nude tuong déi yén tinh (cc vung). Sau d6, dem ngam céc mau rong, san hé chét trong nude bién a loc qua luéi phi du va pha them dung dich formol & néng dO 1%, aé khoang 1 gid. Tiép theo cho céc mau rong va san h6 nhé vao lo va lac ky, d6i véi cdc tang san h6 Ién c6 thé ding ban chai dé chai. Loc nude mu qua lu6i phd du 20pm hoae c4c sang c6 kich thudéc mit tong duong dé thu vi tdo. C6 dinh mu vat bing dung dich formol (néng 46 3 - 4%) hod lugol (néng 462-4 mf). © Thu miu dinh lugng VIDDH Thu céc tan rong bién, dé réo nuée va can trong lugng cdc tin rong bién da thu dugc. Nga céc tan rong vio nuée bién loc da dutge b6 sung formol (néng do 1%) trong khodng 1 gid. Sau dé, cho céc tin rong vae Io va lic kf. Loc phén nude ngam miu rong va nude mau trong lo qua ludi phit du hodc sing thép 20 um dé thu vi tho. C6 dinh miu bing dung dich formol (néng 0 3-4%) hoac lugol (néng 49 2- 4 mi/l). b) Phuong phdp xit Ij va phan tich mdu trong hong thi nghiém Truée khi phan tich mfu, loc cdc mau tao day qua cdc ray (sing) véi cdc kich thuée mét ray khdc nhau (20, 38, 125 va 250 um) dé loaibé cde manh vun ciia rong, cét, bun.... Thong thutmg, ching toi sir dung hai e& sang: 20 va \_TRUNG Qu6k vieT NAM 125 pm dé loc vi hdu hét cdc loai tio day c6, kich thuée dao dong trong khodng nay. => Han Gai a KHU VU CAT BA -HA LONG 7 wen | Mei DAO BACH LONG V¥_ ‘Vung Cy Bang [prom 2 Sp Cyne auénedo Lone cHAU Long chau dng So dé céc diém thu mau tao day 6 ving nghién cu * Diém thu mau Phan tich cdc mau dinh tinh, dém so lugng tio day duéi kinh hién vi OLYMPUS (d6 phéng dai tir 100 dén 1000 lan) va kinh hién vi dio nguoc ding ky thuat tuong phan huynh quang LEICA (46 phéng dai 40 - 400 I4n) tai phdng thf nghiém cia Phan vién Hai duong hoc Hai Phong. Trong qué trinh phan tich, chting ti da sit dung m6t s6 tai ligu chuyén sau vé dinh loai VTDDH ctia céc tac gid: Adachi and Fukuyo (1979), Faust (1991), Faust et al. (1999), Fukuyo (1981), Fukuyo et al. (1990), Holmes (1998) (1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 11]. Mat cft thu miu U1. KET QUA VA THAO LUAN 1. Thanh phan loai VTPDH 6 ving nghién ei Tren co 86 cdc tai ligu cong bé tir trude dén nay vé thanh phan loai VTBDH thuge lép tio gidp (Dinophyceae) & trén thé gidi va céc nude trong khu vuc, tir két qua phan tich cde mau thu duge trén ran san h6 thudc cdc dio Bach Long Vj, Cat Ba - Ha Long, Long Chau, dua vao cde tigu chudn dinh Jogi vé hinh thai hoc, bude dau chiing t0i da xéc dinh duge 12 loai thuge nhém VTDDH nim trong 5 chi, 3 ho, 3 b9, 1 Iép tio 23giép (Dinophyceae). Trong s6 5 chi VIDDH da duge phat hign & ving nghien citu thi chi Prorocentrum gap nhiéu lodi nhat (cé 4 loai), tiép dé 18 chi Ostreopsis (3 lodi), hai chi Amphidinium va Gambierdiscus (m6i chi gtip 2 lodi), chi Coolia méi chi gap 1 loai (bang 1). Chic Todi to day va cde chi Amphidinium, Coolia, Gambierdiscus, Ostreopsis duuge phét hign trong nghién cifu nay Ia cdc din ligu méi, 6 sung cho khu hé vi téo bién mién Bac Viet Nam. Duéi day 1a mot s6 dae diém chung vé cc bd, ho va khoa xéc dinh cée loai VTDDH da phat hign & ving nghién ctu. BO GONYAULACALES TAYLOR TE bao 6 vd gidp, cae tim vd t6 bao sip xép Khong cn déi nhat Ia ving day va vung truée bung ciia té bao. Trinh tw sap xép tm vo té bao Ri: | phic hé 16 dinh (APC), 4 tm dinh, khong c6 cée tim trung gian, c6 6 tim true rink ngang, 6 tm ranh ngang, 6 tim sau rnh ngang, 1 tm trung gian day, | td ddy va 5 tam ranh doc. Ho Goniodomaceae Lindemann TE bio cila cdc Lodi thude ho nay cé 6 tim trudc ranh ngang, 6 tim ranh ngang, 5-7 tim sau rnh ngang, c6 3-4 tim dinh, Ranh doc c6 3-5 tim, Tam sau rnh doc ¢6 thé [a phan kéo ranh dgc kéo dai huéng xuéng duéi, khong cin déi hodc tao nén mét tm day ngoai ranh doc. Khoa xéc dinh loai ca hai chi Gambierdiscus, Coolia 1. Té bao hinh gén tron (nhin tit dinh) hose elip (nhin tir mt bung), duémg kinh 75-98 um, chiéu dai tung-bung 75-85 pm, day khoang 55 ym. Ranh ngang sau, hyp. Hui ddu rinh ngang gin tring nhau va két thiic & diém triing sau cia ranh doc. Trinh tr sp xép tm vd 1a: Po, 3', 7", 6c, 85, 6", 2”. APC 06 mot dau phdy hinh lu6i cau, xung quanh cé céc 16 nhé (38-43 16). Tam 2” hinh ti Bile, chiém phan 16n mat diy cha bao... «+++ es Gambierdiscus toxicus. la. Te ‘a0 tinh tnimg (nhin tix dinh) hogc tring hoi Iéch (nhin tir mat ben), duong kinh 45- 60 jm, chiéu dai lmg-bung 55-70 ym, day khoang 60 um. Ranh ngang nong. Hai dau cia 24 inh ngang Iéch nhau. Trinh ty sip xp tim vd la: Po, 3', 7", 6c, 6s, 5", 2"". APC co dau phay hinh Judi cau dai, xung quanh cé cdc 16 nho (khoang 34 16). Tam 2" hinh 5 canh, hai canh. bén song song...... Gambierdiscus yasumotoi. 2. Té bao hinh trig rong thuén din vé phia bung (nhin tir dinh) hoac tring Iéch sang tréi (ahin tir mat bung). Chiéu dai lung-bung 25-27 im, day khong 25 jum. Ranh ngang hep, sdu. Hai déu cita ranh ngang ech nhau mot khoting bang chiéu cao ciia ranh. Trinh ty sap xép tim ‘vo la: Po, 3,7", 5", Coolia monotis. Khoa xac dinh loai cia chi Ostreopsis 1. Té bao hinh tring rong, dai 45-50 um, rong nhét 35-45 um, phén dinh hoi nhon, phin day tron va phinh rong (nhin tit mat vd). Nhin tir phia bung, té bao khong hugn sng... . . - Ostreopsis siamensis. la. TE bao hinh tring rong, thuon dan vé phia bung (nhin tir mat v6), 06 kich thuée kha 16n, chiéu dai lung-bung 60-75 pm, rong nbét khoang 65pm. Nhin tir phfa bung, t€ bio luon song, . Ostreopsis lenticularis. Ib, Té bao hinh tring thuén nhon & d4u (nhin ti mat v6), cd kich thudc tir nhé dén trung binh, chiéu dai hmg-bung 55-60 um, rong nhat Khodng 40 ym. Bé mat tam vd 6 céc 16 tron phan b& . Ostreopsis ovata. BO GYMNODINIALES ASPTEIN Céc dai dign cia bd nay [a céc té bao trfin, khong 06 v8 gidp. TE bio kiéu dinokont c6 rinh ngang va ranh doc riéng biét. Té bao c6 howe khong cé digp luc, khong cé té bao cham, mat don hoic cdc efit tnic ben trong chifa silic. Ho Gymnodiniaceae (Bergh) Lankester Ho nay bao gém cdc loai tdo tran, khong c6 xuong va mat don, khong tao_quén thé gid (c6 nhiéu nhan trong mot té bao don). Ranh ngang nim theo huéng xich dao hoac tham tri tinh tién tdi cuc té bao, thudng gap la kiéu ranh ngang chay theo dutng xodn 6c tir it dén nhiéu lén (c6 thé téi 4 1én). Khoé xéc dinh loai cia chi Amphidinium 1. Té bao c6 hinh tring, dep lumg-bung, dai 12-15 wm, rong kho’ng 10 um, Phin tren(episome) ciia t€ bao thidng nh’, dai Kho’ng 2,5ym, 6 dang l6i hoae ludi li mp) la, TE bao hinh dang ging A. carterae nhung kich thuée Ién hon. Phan trén (episome) nhé, 6 dang luéi va cong vé phia trdi.. BO PROROCENTRALES LEMMERMANN TE bio c6 v6 gidp, kiéu desmokont, gém hai minh ghép lai véi nhau & phiin dai. Céc roi gn 6 mot dau cita té bao. Ving xudt phat cdc roi goi Ta ving quanh roi nim & phia trude cita té bio. ‘TE bio khéng cé ranh ngang va ranh doc, Ho Prorocentraceae Stein ‘Té bao dep bén, c6 hai manh vd Ién va khép lai v6i nhau bing mot dudng khép hinh ring cua. Hai roi khong giéng nhau, xuét phat tt ving 16m 6 phén trén cia manh vd ben phai. Khong co ith Toi, 06 hai gd thalp vi mot trong hai gévndy thutng phat trién tg0 thanh mot gai o phfa dinh hogc c6 mot ring xudt phat tit céc tam nhé quanh roi. Khéa xéc dinh loai cia chi Prorocentrum 1. TE bao hinh tring rong, dai 45-50 pm, tong 40-45 pm. Phan dinh té bao hinh tam gic, 16m xu6ng va khong cé gai. Phan trung tam t€ bao c6 mot hat tao bot khd lon, & gin mép dudi 6 mot nhan. Mép vd té bio day, khong 6 16, Mat v6 cé cae 16 nhé, triy khu trung tam khong 6. Prorocentrum concavum. la. TE bao hinh tring, dai khodng 40 pm, rong 25-26 jum. Phiin dinh té bao lm xuéng va kh6ng ¢6 gai. Phan trung t4m cé mét hat tao bot khé tron, phia dudi mép vd c6 mot nhan Jén, Mép mat v6 c6 mét hang 16 chay doc. Mat vd c6 cdc 16, trit phn trung tam khéng 6... : Peete eee eee eeeeees Prorocentrum lima. 1b. TE bao hinh tring rong, dai 30-35 um, Ong 25-30 um. Phéin dinh té bao lém sau xudng tao thanh khe hinh chit V. Hat tao bét va nhan. Khong 1. Mép vd c6 mot hang 16 thua. BE mat vd 06 cde 16 xép thanh tia phéng xa, trir phan trung tam. ...... Prorocentrum emarginatum. le. Té bao hinh trimg hoi Iéch, dai 30-32,5 um, rong 20-22,5 um. Phan dinh hoi 16m va co mot tm 16i len nhu mot gai ngan. Mép vo Khong c6 céc 16. 6 phan trén cla mat vd 66 cfc 16 phan b6 rai réc va & phéin du6i xp thanh tia hinh phéng xa..... Prorocentrum mexicanum. Bang I Danh myc loai vi tao d6c hai sOng dy trén cdc ran san ho 6 vung ven bién phia Bae Viet Nam (Sp xép theo he théng phan loai iia Fensome et al. 1993 [5]) Ten khoa hoc Ghi chi [Lop Dinophyceae Pascher BQ Gonyaulacales Taylor 5. | O.lenticularis FukuyoSIT Tén khoa hoc Ghi chi 6 O. siamensis Schmidt P. mexicanum Tafall Tio day, phd du | Két qua so sénh gitta thanh phan loai VIDDH 6 ving nghién cit véi mét s6 ving bién khic thude khu vye Tay Thai Binh Duong duge thé hién trong bang 2. Bang 2 ‘Thanh phén loai VIBBH 6 mot s6' visng bién thude Tay Thai Binh Duong Dia diém nghién ciu . Polynesia (Niu Dio . Vang bién Ten Lodi Caledoni), dio | Okinawa | Dl no Heron phia Bic Ryukyu (Nhat | (Nhat Ban) a 1 « auraglia) | Viet Bin) [6] (121 fo) Nam* Cong 1 10 7 5 12 Ghi cht: + Lodi cd mat > Lodi chute gp ¥Trong bai bao nayTir bang 2 cho thay, thanh phén loai VTDDH trén cdc ran san hd phia Bic Viet Nam khé phong phi, phan Idn cac lodi cé mat 8 ving nghién ctu phan bé tuong déi réng, cé thé gip ching & céc ving bién tit Nhat Ban cho téi Oxtraylia. 2. Phan b6 cia VTDDH 6 ving nghién city Két qua diéu tra cho thay, su phan b& cia VTDDH 6 céc khu vue nghién citu khong ging nhau, tham chi ngay trong mot khu vue cing cé sut sai khdc vé phan b6 cila céc loai (bing 3). Trong 3 Khu vuc 44 khdo sat thi Cét Ba - Ha Long la noi 6 s6 loai VTDDH phong phi nhat (12 lo’i), tiép 46 1a Long Chau (9 108i) va Bach Long V¥ (8 loai). Dui day 1a suv phan bé sO loai VIBDH & céc khu vue nghi¢n ctu. Dio Bach Long Vj da phét hi¢n 8 loai VTDDH, 86 loai gp 3 cde mat cit dao dong ti 4 d&n 7 lodi. Trong s6 8 loai cé mat & day thi Prorocentrum lima 1a loti chiém wu thé tai tat c& cde mat cit, tip d6 céc loai P. mexicanum, P. concavum, Ostreopsis ovata va O. siamensis ciing thuéng gap. Hai lodi Gambierdiscus toxicus va Coolia monutis moi chi gap & mot mat cét (bang 4). © quan dao Long Chau, 44 phat hién 9 loai VIDDH; diém Long Chau dong cé 36 loai phong phti nhét (9 loai), hon Vung Tau (6 loai) va vung Cay bang (5 loai). Hai Jodi Prorocentrum — emarginatum va Ostreopsis ovata phan b6 trén cd 3 diém khdo sét. Céc lodi con lai phan bé hep hon, chi gp & 2 hodc 1 diém (bang 5). Bang 3 Phan b6 cia VIDDH 6 ving nghién citu sIT Ten loai Khu vue Bach Long Vj | CétBa-HaLong | Long Chau Prorocentrum lima att _.|P. emarginatum a + . concavum. _ + + = ————- mnt + _Ostreopsis ovata _ _t O.lenticularis + O. siamensis + _t — — ent, a +. +. + | Amphidinium carterae _ _ + - | A. Klebsii + | . Cong 12 9 © Khu vue Cét Ba - Ha Long, di phat hién 12 loi VIDDH; diém Ba Tréi Dao c6 36 loai phong phii nhdt (gap 9 loai), tiep 46 I Cat CO (8 loai), Ang Tham (5 loai), it nhat 1 2 diém Bo Hung va Hang Trai, méi chi gap 2 loai tai méi diém. Céc loai Prorocentrum lima, P. emarginatum, Ostreopsis ovata, Gambierdiscus toxicus va Coolia monotis gip phé dign. Cac Todi con lai méi chi gap 6 1 hode 2 diém khio st (bang 6). 27Bang 4 Phan bé cia VIDH 6 ving bién dao Bach Long Vy Mat cat thu miu. MCIV MCV | MCVI | MCVID Ghi ché: +++ Lodi uu thé ++ Lodi thutmg gap + Lodi cé mat - Lodi chua gap Bang 5 Phan bé cha VIDDH 6 ving bién dao Long Chau . Tram thu mau SIT Ten loai Long Chau dong | Vung Cay Bang | Hon Vung Téu 1__| Prorocentrum emarginatum 2 | P.ti P. concavum opsis 0. siamensis_ __| Gambierdiscus toxicus Coolia monotis +++ 9 Vé phan bé mat dO cha VTDDH trén céc ran san h0, méi chi thu dugc mau dinh luong VTDDH bém trén rong quat (Padina sp.) 6 khu vite Long Chau. Két qua dém sé Intong to bing inh huynh quang cho thay, sy phan b6 mat do VTDDH & day khéng ging nhau. Diém Long Chau dong c6 mat dO cao nhdt (khodng 75 té bao/g rong bién tuoi) véi uu thé thudc vé céc 28 loti: Ostreopsis ovata (33 TB/g), Coolia monotis (32 TB/g), 86 con lai c6 mat do khong dang ké. Tiép theo la hon Vung Tau (49 TB/g), hai lodi Coalia monotis va Ostreopsis ovata cfing chiém uu thé vé s6 lugng véi mat dd tuong ing la 23 va 7 TB/g. Vung Cay Bang 6 mat d6 10 thap nhat, trung binh chi khoang 5 TB/g va Khong c6 loai nao chiém wu thé.Bing 6 Phan bé cia VIDDH 6 ving Cat Ba - Ha Long Tram thu mau SIT Ten lodi 7 Han CaCd | Ang Tham | BaTréiDao | BoHung | ‘poe | Gambierdiscus toxicus _t + - - G.yasumot : + - Prorocentrum lima _| P.emarginatum P. mexicanum. | Ostreopsis siamensis | Coolia monotis + | Amphidinium carter + 12. | A. klebsii + - - - - Cong] 8 5 9 2 2 I. KET LUAN VA KIEN NGHI Dai xéc dinh duge 12 loai VIDDH thude 5 chi, 3 ho, 3 b9 va 1 I6p tdo gidp (Dinophyceae) phan b6 trén cdc ran san ho Bach Long VY, Cat Ba - Ha Long, Long Chau, trong dé chi Prorocentrum gap 4 loki, Ostreopsis 3 lodi, 2 chi Amphidinium va Gambierdiscus méi chi g&p 2 Jodi, chi Coolia méi chi gap 1 Loai. C4é loai VIDDH va cic chi Amphidinium, Coolia, Gambierdiscus, Ostreopsis phét hign & ving nghién ci déu 1a din ligu méi, bé sung cho khu hé vi tho bién mién Bac Viét Nam. Trén day 18 mot s6 din ligu bude diu vé thanh phan loai va phan b6 cia VTDDH trén ran san hé ving bién phia Béc Viet Nam difa trén co s& nghién cau dic diém hinh thai. Dé khdng dinh vé tinh d9c céia cdc loai, trong thai gian t6i edn tign hinh cfc nghién ctu tiép theo nhu: phan tich doc 16, thir nghiém trén chu6t... ti vige phan lap va nudi sinh kh6i timg loai. Sy hign dign cia céc loai VIBDH 6 ving nghien citu c6 thé Ia nguy co tiém dn cia ngo déc ciguatera. Vi vay, vige didu tra VIBDH va céc doc t6 cia chiing cn dugc dura vio trong ndi dung nghién cifu, Kho sét cia cdc dé an nghién ctu da dang sinh hoc bién néi chung cfing nhu c4c chuong trinh kiém soat moi trudng bién, an toan thuc phdm néi riéng. TAI LIEU THAM KHAO 1. Adachi R. and Fukuyo Y., 1979: Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Scientific Fisheries, 45: 67-71. 2. Andersen P,, 1996: Design - and implementation of some harmful algal monitoring system, IOC Technical Series No. 44, UNESCO. 3. Faust M. A., 1991: J. Phycol., 28: 94-104. 4, Faust M. A. Larsen J. and Moestrup @.,1999: Potentially toxic phytoplankton, 3. Genus Prorocentrum (Dinophyceae). Intemational Council for the Exploitation of the Sea. 5. Fensome R. A, classification of et al, 1993: A living and __ fossil 29dinoflagellates, Micropaleontology, Special 12. Kotke K., Ishimazu T. and Murano M., Publication Number 7. Clearance Center, 1991: Nipp. Suis. Gakk., 57(12): 2261- Tne. Massachusetts. 2264. 6. Fukuyo Y., 1981: Bulletin of the Japanese 13. Lu C. K, and Chou H. N., 2000: Toxic Society of Scientific Fisheries, 47(8): 967 - dinoflagellates and toxin studies in Taiwan. 978. In Conference Abstracts & Participants of 7. Fukuyo Y. et al, 1990: Red tide the Ninth International Conference on organisms in Japan, An _ illustrated Harmful Algal Blooms (7-11 Feb. 2000), taxonomic guide. Uchida Rokakuho, Hobart, Tasmania, Autralia, pp. 168. Tokyo, Japan. 14. Chu Van Thuge va cs., 1998: Trong Tai 8 Hallegraeff G. M. et al., 1995: Manual on guyén vd Moi truéng bién, V: 155 - Harmful Marine Microalgae, IOC Manuals _166.Nxb Khoa hoe va Ky thugt, Ht Noi, and Guides No. 33. UNESCO. 15. Chu Van Thuge, 2000: Trong Tai nguyén 9. Harmful Algae News, 1999, No. 18: 1-3. vd Méi trudmg bién, VU: 207-213. Nxb JOC of UNESCO. Khoa hoe va KY thuat, Ha No 10. Heil C. A, Bird P. and Dennison W.C., 16. Yoshida M. et al., 2000a: In Fisheries 1998: Macroalgal habitat preference of Science, 66: 177-179. ciguatera dinoflagellates at Heron island, a 17. Yoshida M. et al., 2000b: The occurrence coral cay in the Southeastern Great Barrier of PSP and DSP causative dinoflagellates in Reef, Australia. In Harmful Algae (Eds. Northem Vietnamese coastal waters, In Reguera et al.), pp. 52-53. Xunta de Galacia Conference Abstracts & Participants of the and IOC of UNESCO. Ninth International Conference on Harmful 11, Holmes M, J., 1998: J. Phycol., 34: 661- Algal Blooms (7-11 Feb. 2000), Hobart, 668. Tasmania, Autralia. pp. 248. DATA ON THE SPECIES COMPOSITION AND THE DISTRIBUTION OF HARMFUL MARINE EPIPHYTIC MICROALGAE LIVING ON CORAL REEFS IN THE NORTH VIETNAM CHU VAN THUOC SUMMARY A total of 12 epiphytic species belonging to 5 genera, 3 families, 3 orders and 1 class of dinoflagellates (Dinophyceae) have been found on the coral reefs of Bachlongvy, Catba - Halong and Longchau islands. Among them, the genus Prorocentrum consisted of 4 species, Ostreopsis (3 sps.), Amphidinium and Gambierdiscus (2 sps. for each one) and Coolia had only 1 species. All of these species and some genera: Amphidinium, Coolia, Gambierdiscus and Ostreopsis are the new data recorded for the marine microalgal flora of North Vietnam. The distribution of marine epiphytic dinoflagellates at three surveyed sites was different. In which, the most abundant was Catba-Halong area (12 sps.) then was Longchau island (9 sps.) and the lowest one was Bachlongvy island (8 sps.). Ngay nhdnn bai: 24-6-2001 3024 (2): 31-36 Tap chi SINH HOC 6-2002, TAO DONG GIEN MA HOA a-AMYLAZA LANH TU VI KHUAN CHIU LANH PSEUDOALTEROMONAS HALOPLANCTIS 505 LE VAN TRUONG, TRUONG NAM HAI, LE TRAN BINH Vien Cong nghé sink hoc THOMAS SCHWEDER Vién Vi sinh va Sink hoc phén tt, Greifswald, CHLB Ditc Sinh vat wa lanh (psychrophs) va chiu Janh (psychrotrophs) moi duge nghién cif tir nhing nim cu6i thap nién séu muoi [1, 2]. Theo Morita, sinh vat ua lanh sinh trudmg t6t & nhiét dO duéi 15°C va khong phét trién duge 6 diu kién trén 20°C. Sinh vat chiu lanh sinh trudng t6t & nhiét dO dudi 20-25°C, nhung khong sinh trudng duoc 6 nhiét 6 tren 40°C [3]. Enzym duge tiét ra tit céc co thé sinh vat ua lanh va chin lanh c6 co ché xtic téc phan ting manh 6 nhiét d6 thip hon 30°C; diéu kién nhiét do cao hon 30°C c6 thé lam bign tinh céc enzym nay [4]. Dic tinh xtic tac & nhiet d6 thap cia céc enzym lanh rét c6 ¥ nghia kinh t€ so véi cic enzym phan lap tit céc co thé sinh vat mesophiles va thermophiles: tiét kiém dug nang lugng, chéng duge sy nhiém clla céc vi Khudn mesophiles, gitt dugc cdc huong vi va cdc vitamin trong nuéc qua ép khong bj phan huy bdi nhiet do[5]. Gin day, mot s6 gien ma hod cho enzym anh dang duge nhiéu nha khoa hoc trén thé giéi quan tam. Cummings va Black [6] da phan lap duoc vi khudn c6 kha nang phan huy xylan va xelluloza tir bin dat 3°C trén bién Nam cut. Georges Feller va cong sy [7] da tach dong dugc gien c-amylaza tir vi khudn Alteromonas haloplanctis, enzym nay hoat dong t6i mu & nhiét dO 30°C, pH t6i wu 1a 7,0 va bi bién tinh & 45°C. Ching vi khudn Pseudoalteromonas haloplanctis 505 duoc phan lap tir ving nuéc tren bé mat cla bién Nam cye, sinh trudng t6t & mhigt do tir O°C- 30°C [8]. Trong bai béo nay chiing 101 trinh bay Két qua tao dong gien o- amylaza tit ching vi khudn chiu lanh P. haloplanctis 505 phan lap ti bién Nam cuc. I. PHUONG PHAP NGHIEN CCU Ching P. haloplanctis 505 phan lap ti bién Nam cuc duge nudi cy trong moi tru’mg Zobell (pepton 5g/, cao ném men Ig/l, FePO4 0,01g/1, nude bién nhan tao 700 mil) (9]. Diéu kién nudi cay & 5°C trong 3 ngay, téc dO lac 200v/phiit. Ching E. coli DH-Sa duge ding cho thi nghiém phan lap gien. Moi trugmg LB duge ding lam m6i truémg nu6i cy. Ampixillin duge bd sung vao moi trudng voi néng do 100 pg/ml khi cain thiét. Céc enzym han ché, T4 ligase, Blocking reagent, chat cng hop khéng thé (antibody conjugates) va CDP star mua ti hang Boehringer Mainheim. Mang nilon ti hang Roche Diagnotis. Cc doan méi duge téng hop tir hang Phacmacia. Plasmid pUC18 va pCR2.1 duge sit dung dé tao ngan hang gien va phan lap gien. Enzym ngoai bao cia ching 505 duge thu nhan tir dich nuoi cdy sau 3 ngiy wen moi truémg Zobell Ing c6 bé sung 0.5% tinh bot. Dich nuoi cy duge ly tam 10000 rpm dé loai bd Cong trinh duge thyc hién tai Vién Marine Biotechnology, Greifswald, CHLB Dite voi su tai tro cia du dn hop téc giita Vién Cong nghé Sinh hoc voi Vign Vi sinh va Sink hoc phan tit CHLB Ditc. 31t€ Bao, phiin dich néi duge thu lay va ct git & 4°C cho céc thi nghiém xéc dinh hoat tinh amylaza. Hoat tinh amylaza duge dinh lugng dya vao su phat hién g6c duémg khit theo phuong phap cita Bernfeld [10]. 50 #1 dung dich enzym duge bd sung vio 450 Hi dung dich tinh bot 1% trong 50 mM dém phétphat voi pH khéc nhau. Phan img duge thyc hién & 30°C trong thoi gian 20 phiit, sau 46 bé sung 0,5 ml dung dich DNSA (dinitrosalycilic axit), dun s6i 10 phtit, am lank t6i nhiet d9 phdng va do 6 do hap phy 530 nm. Phuong php phan lap gien - Thiét ké dogn méi. Dua vao cdc ving bao thi tir céc trinh ty amino axit cla céc gien amylaza da biét, ching toi da téng hop 3 cap méi, cdc cap nay duge sit dung cho phin ting PCR dé nhan 3 doan gien nim gitta mi thuan (orward primer) vA mdi nghjch (reverse primer). - Téng hop mdu dd ADN (probe). Mau dd ADN duge téng hop tir bd kit téng hop (DIG- labelling kit) theo nu huéng dan cita hing. Sau khi téng hgp bing PCR, mau dd duge tach wen gel 0,8% agarosa, lam sach qua cot Gel- purification kit (QA-gel) va bio quin 6 -20°C cho c&c thi nghiém lai ADN. + Tao ngdn hang gien tit ADN genom. ADN genom cila ching 505 dugc cat khong hon toan bing enzym han ché Sau3A va téch trén gel 0,8% agarosa, Cac doan ADN kich thuse khoang 3-4 kb dugc thu nhan va gan vao plasmid pUCL8 qua diém BamHI. Phan tng gin dugc thuc hién qua dém 6 16°C, sau dé bién nap vao ching DH-S® bing phuong ph4p xung dién [LI]. Céc thé bién nap duoc chon loc trén moi trudng thach LB, cé b6 sung ampicillin néng do 100 g/ml va 50 HI dung dich 2% X-gal/dia, nudi qua dém @ 37°C. Cic khudn lac co mang doan ADN ngoai lai (mau tring) duge cdy chuyén sang 2 dia méi trudng LB cé bé sung ‘Amp, (50 khudn lac/dia). Mot dia dé phan lap plasmid ding cho thi nghiém lai ADN, dia cdn lai cat gitt & 4°C cho thi nghi¢m tiép theo. - Lai ADN. Gém 2 buée: lai nhém khudn tac tir dia va lai khudin lac riéng ré. Lai nhém khudn lac. Plasmid téch tit ngan hang gien dugc bién tinh & 95°C trong 10 phiit, lam lanh nhanh trong nude dé, sau d6 hit 5 #1 32 cilia méi mdu chéim lén ming nilon. Plasmid duge 6 dinh trén mang bang viéc chiéu tren den UV 260 nm trong 1 phiit. Thi nghiém lai dugc thuc hign trong 1d lai phan tir 6 68°C trong dem SSC 5x, 0,1% N-lauroylsacosine va 1% Blocking reagent vdi néng 46 mau dé thich hgp. Céc buéc rita va hién dude tién hanh nhu mo ta trong sdch “Nonradioactive In Situ Hybridization Application Manual” cia hing Boringer Manheim [12]. Lai khudn lac riéng ré. Sau khi lai nhém Khudn lac 4é tim ra nhém Khudn lac duong tinh, plasmid ti’ céc khudn lac don cia cic miu duong tinh duge phan lap dé lai khudn lac riéng 18. Céc bute lai dugc thuc hién nhu d6i véi lai nhém khudn lac. Plasmid tir nhimg khudn lac duong tinh dugc téch chiét dé doc tinh wy nucleotit va phan tich gien. Phan tich gien. Cac phin mém Blast va Clusta duge sit dung trong viée phan tich cdu triic gien. I. KET QUA VA THAO LUAN 1. Dac tinh thiy phan tinh bot cia amylaza ti ching P. haloplanetis 505 Ching vi khudn P. halopianctis 505 c6 kha nang sinh trudng & nhiét dO tir 0°C-30°C va 06 hoat tinh thuy phan tinh bét cao. Khi nudi cay ching nay & 5°C thi kha nang tiét amylaza 1 cao nhat, véi nhiét d6 nudi cay tang dén thi kha nang tiét amylaza bj gidm dan; 8 35°C, vi khudn 505 khong thé sinh truéng dugc. DE nghién cifu tinh chat ciia amylaza, dich enzym ngoai bao thu nhan tir moi truéng long sau nudi céy dyoc sit dung lam phan img voi tinh bot 1% trong dém ph6tphat nhu m6 ta trong phan phuong phép. Ket qua chi ra ring nhiet do 16i thich cho hoat tinh thu phan tinh bét cia enzym nay 1a 20°C, pH ti uu cla hoat tinh enzym 1a 7,5. Diéu déng quan tam Ia & 5°C hoat tinh thuy phan tinh bét cia enzym nay dat dugc 50% va mat hoat tinh hoan toan & 40°C, day Ia ac tinh dién hinh cia enzym anh (hinh 1). 2. So dé phan lap gien Cac bude phan lap gien duge mo ta én hinh 2. Trudc tién céc doan dic thi cho cu tric cau tit ving bao thi cia gien “-amylaza duge nhan len tir ADN genom cila chiing 505 bing PCR,120 ~~ 0 20 4 6 nhiet do (do C) o8SS888 hhoat tinh (%) Hinh 1. Anh hung ciia nhigt 9 (A) va pH (B) t6i hoat tinh amylaza ADN genom cia rome Plasmid pUCI8 ADN genom cia P. haloplanctis 505 P. haloplanctis 505 Cét khong hon todn (Ch bing Bamtit PCR trving bio bang Sau3A thi cia gien saa 8 musing —— Spine ‘Téng hop mix dd bang PCR Ligation 7 Bien 7 +0 Ecol Téch t Lai ADN (dot = ‘Khudn lac duong tinh vi mau do. Hinh 2. So d6 phan lap gien amylaza tit ching P. haloplanctis SOS sau dé gin vio véc to pCR2.1 dé doc tinh ty nucleotit, Doan gien nay s& duge phan tich tren chung trinh phan tich gien xem c6 phai IA gien amylaza hay khong. Sau khi da khang dinh doan gien nay 1a gien amylaza, bute tigp theo Ia téng hop miu dd va tg0 ngan hing gien ti ADN genom cla ching 505. Cudi ciing 1a lai mau do v6i ngan hing gien cha ching 505 4é tim ra Khun lac mang gien amylaza. 3. Nhan dogn gien amylaza ciia ching 505 tir ving bao thi: bing PCR Muén téng hop miu dd cho gien amylaza cia ching 505, truéc hét phai biét duoc trinh wy nucleotid mgt doan bét ky ten gien amylaza nay. Dé lam duge vige 46, chting t0i thiét ké 4 doan méi dya vio ving bio thi cla céc gien amylaza da biét dé nhan chting lén bing PCR. 33123M 450 kb 250 kb Anh. San phim PCR duge nhan len tit ving bao thi cla gien amylaza tir ching P. haloplanctis 505 Ghi chi: 1, 2, 3: doan gien duge nhan len tit ofc cap méi PlAmyF- P3AmyR, P2AmyF-P4AmyR va PLAmyF-P4AmyR. M: marker SPP/EcoRI ‘Trinh ty céc-doan méi nhw sau; PlAmyF: gatacgettattaaccat P2AmyF: cggtttgatgettctaaa P3AmyR: tgtttagaagcatcaaac P4AmyR: gtcgtgattgtctacaaa P1AmyF duoc thiét ké tir ving bao thi Iclia céc gien c-amylaza da biét, tuong ty P2AmyF va P3AmyR duoc thiét ké tir ving I, P4AmyR_ duge thiét ké tir vang IV. Cic cap PlAmyE- P4AmyR khi chay PCR sé nhan lén doan gien c6 dd dai khoing 450bp, cap PlAmyF- P3AmyR, P2AmyF-P4AmyR sé nhan lén doan gien c6 do dai khoang 250bp. PCR duoc thuc hién trong diéu kién sau: - Diéu kign bién tinh (denaturation): 94°C trong 30 giay - Diéu ki¢n bit c&p (annealing): 55°C, 1 phit = Diéu kign kéo dai chudi (prolongation): 72°C, 40 giay = $6 chu kj lap lai: 30 chu ky San phim PCR duoc kiém tra wén dién di agarosa 1% trong dem TBE (anh). Két qua tren hinh 3 cho thay cA 3 cap méi nay khi chay PCR déu nhan len cic doan ADN véi kich thuée 34 ding nhu dy kién ban déu. Chting toi chon doan gien dugc nhan len ti cap PlAmyF-P4AmyR (do dai Khodng 450bp) dé gin vao vector pCR2.1 va giti di doc trinh ny nucleotid ciia doan gien nay. Két qua phan tich trinh ty nucleotid tren chuong trinh phan tich gien da chi ra ring day chinh 1a doan gien amylaza (két qua khong tinh bay), Doan gien amylaza nay sé duge ding lam khu6n mau dé téng hop mau dé trong thi nghiém lai ADN. 4, Tao ngan hang gien va tng hop mau dd Ngan hang gien dugc tgo theo cdc bude nhu di mo td trong phn phuong phép, hon 5000 Khudn lac ¢6 mang ADN ngoai Iai duge téch plasmid dé ding cho thi nghiém lai ADN. Mau dd duge téng hgp bing phn tng PCR v6i soi Khuon 1a doan gien duge nhan tir ving bio thil. Céc dNTP duye dénh ddu bing dioxygenin (DIG). Sau khi téng hgp xong, mau dd duge lam sach va kiém tra néng d9 cling nhu d6 nhay tren phim X-quang 48 chon néng 49 thich hop cho thi nghi¢m lai ADN. 5. Lai ADN (Southern hybridiza ion) Hinh 3: Lai ADN cita ching P. halopianctis 505 ‘Mau durong tinh duoc chi bing mai ten Thi nghiém lai duge thuc hién & 68°C qua dem trong 10 lai phan tir nh da mo t& trong phan phuong phép. Do miu dd duge téng hop tir khuon mdu gien amylaza cla ching 505 voi 40 dai 450bp, nén kha nang bat cap véi gien nay rat 16n. Két qua lai cho thay nhimg miu lai cho tin hi¢u manh déu [a nhing m4u mang gien amylaza cla ching 505 (hinh 3). Sau hai budelai ADN, ching t0i 4% thm duge 2 khudn lac c6 tin higu manh v6i mu dd. Hai khudn lee nay duge téch plasmid va giti di doc trinh ty nucleotit. 6, Trinh tu nucleotit ciia gien amylaza phan lap tir ching P. haloplanctis 505 Trinh tir nucleotit cia gien amylaza tit chiing P. haloplanctis 50S duce trinh bay trén hinh 4, Gien nay 06 46 a 1431bp, ma hod cho mot protein c6 453 amino axit véi ma khéi déu a ATG. Doan peptit tin higu tiét o6 do dai 1A 24 amino axit va cft tai diém Ala-Thr. Khi so s4nh trinh tw amino axit cita gien nay v6i céc gien da biét, két qua cho thay chting thude vé dong gien o-amylaza. aagegttgaasgogcateatteatagagcttgctactnnaatgasct teacttaaatge teat tgecaageassagecacgeotantsnagstateagecgcoptsteatgscecetog chat gdocsaugegatttapasteaccaaceetgugtetiascanereaateeeasetan Svogeegsttatscagecetgegcaasqeatttvasteguacatgtsoattyceaagtca totaggevatctagtsataseqyecanrtacctattstacacecgearteapeecesae Zoateoactctoaatotagtattaaceactigeansrsstgcegesesseesteetscr at a5 coctesncagttigentcacacsctatgecactcaatasaataateaccancycaagttta e et ee ke agectaggatigetettacoga gta tGESaCigeTacyosceoceestTgtieettey Sb GLiLePstaArTATeE TTrrFVHDL ettpsstgacetigdaanpataenocaceacaatotgagcactace!apgacessaagye Pee ROD A ge ee a he ree saosetacagtacaggtctescegcctestaagcacattacsageagccaatgatggaca PASS aC aera rane Na a a egttetcagccagtaagttatgeactacaaagtcgtegeagseaceatocgcaat tate CT Or ee Peg sk Se RR Ort ancotaocaaatogctgtegtgcosctoguattaatat ttacettastavacttatcase Pv Re SR Oy eT yD EE tk catetagcegcaggeagtagcacasgcacasegogaattagetttggtaatoaaagcttt PR Re ee et Ae ne Pe Nek Se cotatttatapoceacaagatttteatgeuagttgeaccartaceagctetgectatoge Pee oe ree se htt ae oa abegutojetucopadttcnanstegtgeact gttsgacttsccastt ease tasonet MRT Ry Or C8 Ee on DE DT A toannctatgtacassataccattgeageatatatascoocttccaagctartogesta Sg eT RR Yd ke gk Ee saaggevttcgotttaatgettctonacatgttocegceagcostarccnaagtteaatg ee Dae ew YR AD Dt gg tM gctasagtanstgget sqceagt ppetteceasgaagtgatcgatcuacgeogoseage® ev Ne SPN Ee WT Do ee ea sbeggtacetotgastattaagcacaggtetagtaactgaat tasatatagcactses VOR SE TLS Te TEE eT ere cbtggtaacactettagaaacggctogcttgcatgectaagtoattstogcseongatea eT RR OS bn eben re te ogetttatgczeagotettctgesseagt tettotagataaccacoacaatceacatagt gee tagsepengen ge ceagvatan te topsgreaccacgsceatcuscgtg catogcageectagtaagtasttecctetgaqgatggcegcttatatgnct®agecast Mee GN ET Ee DG RL TD LAS stacttatgttagettaccestacsgttatceassaguasnstogagttatgetttocat Va Tor te Yb UR vn SS tp Et aguaatacaguigetagtagaceasatqeacegotacataacaatogtaacttagogtyt CD Ne ny Pe dN NG Nn Ee tagetagcanttggaagtytgagcatogctggteacatartqcanyonggategerttt Pe en RS Yr a eg ye agaaataacacycocqaonattgggeagtascnenctgetaggataacacanstentcea ee Te en nS atetontaeggeegaggeaget copgtentatggezartanceseguaguctcancactt TEE eee ee nner Re ee ogeseoectetgcneacoss tat gsesccasggcoatectatantazsttasaagacgea PT gt DNR Pee ey Eke eateagetgutgetanangttgtagespessggreateacgstcaattcesscastact SD A RS ee Ge rv NS De T actaatet tantet tagesettgosatscsatoscaattcateuasatgconasttaagt RE Tek deo HR Ed NR RL acaagescagegcentagcactgonagtoactagcqeasacgattatttttattostac <—— TS SAP acasacacaaagtggacaagatatgtt tttacgcugtagaatt gaccacgcttatgeasa cgcasatctgggtogaaattaccasacaagtaattitgagtgtgcaatgectattegtca tsateatttaasseacsteacaacaagecct -ggaaagcaaatgataactaccttgattg ghatggtatagaaaatgggcaaagtagcgaaccagaaggt tctgetaccgactggacaae geatgt ttgacctacaget tagagcactgasaaaacyctasacacagatggttttogtat aacactattasatatarggggcgaacactattggatgcttgatgtggatatggattgtag taaagegat taatggatggtt tgaactasaagcattcattasaaatggccaaggatagge gactgctattgctcaaaacastacacct tatacaagcactaatcatatagegeaat gcqa asaagttaataaatttgagtttaataattcaagtgtagtaat tcgtagtetttasaacta Hinh 4: Trinh ty nucleotit cba gien amylaza cia ching P. haloplanctis 508. Trinh ty promotor dug dénh s6 -35 , -10; Ving bam ciia ribosom ky hieu RBS, Trinh tw amino axit leader sequence dugc gach du6i, diém cat cca signal peptidase ky higu bing mihi tén.thang ding. BO ba két thic f& tag ke tiép 18 trinh ty lap lai cla terminator (mai tén nguge nhau). 357.So sénh glen amylaza cia chiing P. entia, 42: 1192-1197. haplanetis 505 voi cde gien amylazad& == 3. Morita RY, 1975: Bacteriol Rev., 39: 144- i 169. Chuong tinh BLAST va CLUSTA duge sit. 4. Charler Gerday et al., 2000; Cold-adapted dung dé so sénh gien amylaza nay vi cc gien enzym: from _ fundamentals to amylaza di biét. Két qud cho thfy trinh tr biotechnology. TIBTECH, Vol. 8. amino axit cla gien amylaza nay gidng 96% so 5. R. Margesin, F. shchinner, 1999: Cold- vi trinh ty amino axit cia gien a-amylaza ti Adapted Organisms. ching Alteromonas haloplanctis A23 (7). Diu 6. Cumming SP. and Black G. W., 1999: nay chiing t6 gien amylaza ndy chinh Ta gien o- Polymer hydrolysis in a cold climate. amylaza va ching P. haloplanctis 505 rd gén Extremophiles, 3: 81-87. Ui voi ching A. Aaloplanctis A23. 7. Georges Feller et al., 1992: Joumal of biological chemistry, 267(8): 5217-5221. 1. KET LUAN 8. Le Van Truong ct al., 2001: Cloning of Ching vi khudn chiu lanh P. haloplanctis two pectate lyase genes from the marine 505 c6 kha ning thuy phan tinh bot cao & nhiet Antarctic bacterium —Pseudoalteromonas 0 thudng, nhiét do ti un cho hoat tinh enzym haloplanctis strain ANT/S05— and 14. 20°C va bj bign tinh & 40°C; pH t6i wu 1a 7,5. characterization of the —_ enzymes. Gien o-amylaza cia ching P. haloplanctis 505 Extremophiles, 5: 35-44. 4% duge phan lap va nhan dng trong E. coli. 9, Weyland H., H. J. Ruger and H, Schwaz, Trinh ty amino axit cia gien nay ging 96% véi 1970: Veroff. Inst. Meeresf. Bremerh., 12: gien c-amylaza clia ching A. haloplanctis A23. 269-296. Hign nay, cdc nghien cfu tiép theo vé hoat tinh 10, Bernfeld P. 1955: Amylasa a and B. In: cha enzym nay cling nhu vi¢e biéu hien n6 trong Colowick SP, Kaplan NO (eds) Method in céc thé chi thich hop dang dugc tién hanh. enzymology. Academic, New York: 149- 155. TAL LIEU THAM KAO 11, Sambruck et al., 1989: Molecular cloning 1, Larkin JM and JL Stokes, 1966: J a laboratory manual, 2” edition. Bacteriol, 91: 1667-1671 12, Nonradioactive In situ Hybridization 2. Gounot A-M, 1986: Psychrophilic and Application Manual, 1996; Boehringer psychrotrophic microorganisms. Experi- Manheim Co. 2" edition. CLONING OF A GENE ENCODING COLD-ADAPTED «.-AMYLASE FROM THE PSYCHROTROPHIC BACTERIUM PSEUDOALTEROMONAS HALOPLANCTIS STRAIN 505 LE VAN TRUONG et al SUMMARY The marine antarctic psychrotrophic bacterium Pseudoalteromonas haloplanctis strain 505, isolated from the sea ice which covered the surface of the Southem Ocean, showed an amylolitic activity. The cold- adapted amylase from this strain 505 was characterized by a high activity at low temperature and its optimal temperature was 20°C and optimal pH was 7.5. The ci-amylase gene was cloned and sequenced. The open reading frame of this gene was 1431 bps and coded for a protein with 453 amino acids. This amylase contained a signal peptide of 24 amino acids. The amino acid sequence of this cloned gene showed 96% homology to the o.-amylase gene from the Alteromonas haloplanetis strain A23. Ngay nhdn bai: 27-2-2001 3624 (2): 37-42 Tap chi SINH HOC 6-2002, QUAN HE LIEN KET GIUA CAC LOCUS ISOZYM 6 CAY KHOAI MON LUGNG BOI (2n=2x) , COLOCASIA ESCULENTA (L.) SCHOTT Ban dé lién két c6 duge 6 bat cit loai nado cfing 1a m6t cong cy cé6 gid trj trong nhiéu Tinh vue cia di truyén thuc vat hoc va chon gidng. Phan tich di truyén cdc bién dj isozym da xdc dinh duge nhiéu gien mA hod cho céc enzym. Cac locus isozym da gép phin dang ké trong vide xay dung céc bin dé nbw thé & nhiéu loai cay tréng khéc nhau [8, 7]. Hon nita, viée sir dung mot céch cé higu qud cée gien chi thi (marker) trong nghién cfu chon gidng 12 phu thudc vao thong tin vé méi quan he lien két gitta cée gien marker. Nhiéu cong trinh phan tich di tuyén céc bien dj isozym, phat hien m6i quan he lien két gitta cfc locus isozym da dugc tién hanh va bin 6 lien két isozym cling da c6 duge & nhiéu Lodi cay tréng (6, 2]. Cay khoai m6n Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott 1a mét trong nhitng cay tréng lay ci quan trong & chau A va Thai Binh Duong [1]. Theo s liu ciia T6 chitc Luong thuc Thé gidi (FAO) thi dign tich tréng khoai mén trén thé gidi trong nam 1998 1a 1.070.000 ha va téng san luong, khoai mon ké ca khoai ming (Nanthosoma) dat 6.586.000 tan. Tuy nhien, c6 qué it cong trinh nghién ctu di wuyén d0i voi Colocasia esculenta, dic biét cho dén nay, vin chua cé c gang aghién citu nto nhim muc dich xay dung, mot ban d6 di truyén lien két & Jodi cay tréng ny. Isshiki_ va cong su (1995) da mo td 3 locus isozym cia 3 hé enzym: Asparat aminotran- saminaza, PhOtphoglucoisomeraza va Shikimat dehydrogenaza [3]. Theo bao céo nay thi khong 6 quan hé lin két duoc phat hign gitta céc locus isozym néi trén. Ching toi da tin hanh phan tich 13 he NGUYEN XUAN VIET Truéng dai hoc Su pham Ha Noi enzym tly dich nghién ciia 14 va di cong 66 két qui nghien ciu xéc dinh di truyén céc bién di isozym 6 loai khoai mon Colocasia esculenta (L) Schott (4, 5]. Trong bai béo nay tinh bay két qua phan tich quan hé lign két gitia cdc locus isozym da duge x4c dinh & Colocasia esculenta, phat hin cdc nhom lien két isozym va butée déu xay dung ban dé lien ket & 1oai cay trong nay. 1, PHUONG PHAP NGHIEN CUU 1. Vat ligu Cay khoai mon Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott thude chi khoai mon Colocasia, ho ray Araceae. 14 cay mon tréng va moc dai duge ding lim cay b6 me dé thu nhan céc quén thé ty thy phan va lai, Téng cOng ¢6 14 quén thé cay tu thy phan va 8 quén thé cy lai tao ra di duge sit dung dé phan tich sur di truyén cia céc bién di isozym [4, 5). Céc he enzym trong lé da dutge phan tich Ta: ‘Alcohol dehydrogenaza(ADH, E.C. 1.1.1.1), Diaphoraza(DIA, E.C. 1.6.99. ), Glutamat oxaloaxetat transminaza (F.C. 2.6.1.1), Shikimat dehydrogenaza(SKD, E.C.1.1.1.25), _Isoxitrat dehydrogenaza(IDH, E.C. 1.1.1.42), Superoxit dismutaza (SOD, EC. 1.15.11), Hexokinaza (HEX, EC. 2.7.1.1), Phétphoglucomutaza (PGM, E.C. 5.42.2), axit photphataza(ACP, E.C. 3.1.3.2), Loxin aminopeptidaza(LAP, E.C. 3.4.1.1), Esteraza (EST, EC. 3.1.1) va Phétphoglucoisomeraza (PGI, E.C. 5.3.1.9). 6 ligu phan ly déng thdi ciia céc cap locus tir 21 locus isozym da phat hi¢n duge ding cho ce phan tich lien két (bang 1 va 2). a72. Phuong phaép Phan tich di truyén céc bién dj isozym duge tin hanh theo phuong ph4p dd m6 tA trong céc fo cdo trudc (4, 5] Phuong phép thong ke: Tat ca nhing quén thé c6 s6 ligu phan ly déng thai vé céc c&p locus so sénh déu duoc ding dé phan tich lien két. D6i voi mot cap locus dugce phat hién IA c6 lien Két, gid tr t4i 66 hop va sai lech chudn, khoang tin cay s8 dugc uéc long bang phuong phép hop ly cuc dai. Tat cA cong viée tinh todn da duge thyc hién trén méy vi tinh sit dung chuong tinh phan teh lien két "LINKEM “cia Wowden va cong su, 1995 [9]. 1. KET QUA VA THAO LUAN Két qua phan tich di truyén cdc bien dj isozym da xc dinh duge 22 locus isozym thudc 13 he enzym 6 cay mon [4, 5]. ‘S6 locus da hinh va cfu tnic cila céc isozym trong 13 h¢ enzym da phan tich, dugc téng hop trong bang 1. Bang 1 Céc locus da hinh va edu tric cia cdc isozym 4 C. esculenta (L.) Schott Enzym SECM | Locus | so Aten | CAvutc Alcohol dehydrogenaza(ADH) EC LLL Adh-2 | 2 Dime Diaphoraza(DIA) E.C.16.99. | Dia-2 | 2(1 null) | Monome Isoxitrat dehydrogenaza(IDH) B.C.1.1.142 | dbz |3 Dime Photphogluconat dehydrogenaza(PGD) E.C.1.1.1.44 | Pgd- | 2(1 null) | Monome Shikimat dehydrogenaza(SKD) E.C.1.1.1.25 | seah |3 Monome Superoxit dismutaza(SOD) B.C.1.15.1.1 | sod-2 | 2(1 null) | Monome Sod-3 |2 Dime. Sod-4 | 3 Dime Glutamat oxaloaxétat transminaza(GOT) | E.C. 2.6.1.1 Got-l |2 Dime Got-5 |2 Dime Hexokinaza(HEX) E.C.2.7.1.1 | Hex-1 | 3(1 null) | Monome Ph6tphoglucomutaza(PGM) E.C.5.4.2.2 | Pgm-j | 3(1null) | Monome Pgm-2 | 2.(1 null) | Monome Pgm-3 | 2 Monome Axit phOtphataza(ACP) E.C.3.122 | Acp-4 }3 Monome Loin aminopeptidaza(LAP) E.C.3.4.111 | zap-1 | 3(1null) | Monome Esteraza(EST) EC311- | Eset |2 Monome Est-3 | 3 Dime Est-4 | 2(1 null) | Monome Est-8 |2 Monome Phétphoglucoisomeraza(PGI) BC.5.3.1.9 | pgi.3 | 3 Dime 3839 AT upyd naqy os oonp my Suotpy — ten wiry deo Buon sndoj Z yO 1OA Top Lay Bugp A] uEYM NaI] Os 99 94 URN Os eT BuRQ BuoN Ys AYO 9B :/9 YD z zz] z tiift ae ee -[- [ir fp- fz -[-/ir[itfsfe ~f-]- tite [rez efe~;efrt>r{ifri[st elefe~l[ez{fe][- fe l- fe ~f-)- Pp. Par}. )e te be be e,z~tefrfefilelr[ef czy - zetzfz;il[-|]-f-[-[elerl-fez -[-[-]- ToT Pey- a fe f - zttz7y7z{rfpte Tete [-[rfofrt>s|zfr zietetz{[e]{efel-felel-[elz{[-fe Ee zi}e;e7lri ry -[rl-tTets[rpefzfilsofz|o tertetrtry- fila tepey- Pepa - fife Peuyry-}-]- te pe prt pe pt pe fp -pa fi pa fata etetetry]-|-[Trl-fetvetpetel efit zfel ef] - e}eyetrl]-|-]-|-fe;-yTeletet-Tefe fetes POS) E-POS) Z-POS) UPYS| E-MBe| Z-MSd) T-wBd) [-PBd| 18d) 1-407) I-uPl| 72H] $-109| 1-105) 8-183] F-18q| €-asa] T-1sq| z-vId 394 U9HT 94 WEN Bs} WII 26np UK zost sno0] de- Kiém tra sy phan ly déng thdi di duge tién hanh d6i véi tt cd cdc c&p locus c6 thé c6 tir 21 locus gem phan tich. Trong 210 t6 hgp cap locus c6 thé tao ra, sO t6 hgp c&p locus 06 sO Jigu phan ly déng thoi 1 156 té hop, s6 quén thé 4a nghien ctu di voi méi cAp locus rieng bier duge chi ra trong bang 2. Trong 21 locus phan ly, ching t0i da phat hién dugc 14 locus cé biéu hién quan he lién két véi mitc ¥ nghia 0,05%. Gid tri tai t6 hop cla cc cap locus lién két va mitc ¥ nghia dugc chi ra trong bang 3. Bang 3 Gid tr] tdi t6 hop (r) + SE eda cdc cap locus isozym lien két " C§p locus isozym rtSE P Adh-2 1 Idh-1 0,24 + 0,080 0,02 Hex-2/ Lap-I 0,29 + 0,091 0,01 Est-1 | Lap-1 0,21 £0,049 < 0,0001 Est-I | Hex-2 0,15 £0,079 0,04 Est-81 Pgm-2 0,18 + 0,090 0,03 Est-8 1 Hex-2 0,23 + 0,076 0,04 Est-I1 Est-8 0,27 + 0,053 0,02 Lap-1 1 Got-5 0,17 £ 0,067 < 0,001 Est-4 | Sod-2 0,29 + 0,096 0.03 Lap-1 | Pgm-3 0,21 + 0,071 0,03 Lap-I | Pgm-1 0,28 +: 0,073 0,009 Pgm-1 | Pgm-3 0,15 + 0,064 0,002 Pgm-2 | Hex-2 0,27 +. 0,080 0,007 Pad-t / Pgi-3 0,22 + 0,125 0,04 Pgi-3 1 Pm 0,24 + 0,094 0,04 Sod-3 | Sod-4 0,18 + 0,058 < 0,0001 Céc locus c6 lién két da hinh thanh 4 nhém (Gy, G;, Gy va Gy hinh 1). Adh-2 lien két v6i Idh-I trong nh6m litn két G,, gid tri tai t6 hop gida 2 locus bing 0, 24:-0,080. Su lien két gitta Est-1 va Lap-1, Lap-I va Got-5 trong nhém lien két G, IA 06 mic ¥ nghia cao (P < 0,0001; bang 3). Tuy nhién, vi sO liu phan ly déng thdi cia Got-5 va Est-1 cting nhu cia Got-5 véi céc locus Khéc 44 khong thu dugc trong nghién cifu nay, do d6 vi tri cla locus Got-5 so v6i Est-1 va Lap- 71 chu thé x4c dinh chinh xéc. Tir sé liu lién két thu duoc, phén dodn vi tri c6 thé cla cfc locus gien nay 1a Hex-2, Est-1, Lap-I va Got-5. Mac dau sé ligu chi tiét khong néu ra trong bio. co nay, nhung ude lugng gid trj t4i té hop thu dugc tiy so ligu phan ly trong 2 quén thé cay lai khdc’nhau 46i véi cap locus Pgm-] / Pgm-3 la 40 Khéc nhau (r = 0, 2540,080 & mot quan thé va trong mot qué thé khac r = 0,150,064), Gi tri 1t4i t6 hgp gitta locus Lap-] va Pem-I Ia 0, 2840, 073; gitta locus Lap-I va Pgm-3 18 0, 2140,071 (bang 3). Do d6, c6 thé néi ring gid tri ti 16 hgp r = 0,150,064 gitta Pem-1 / Pem-3 06 thé 12 gid ti phd hop hon so voi gid wi r = 0, 2540,080. Su lien két 6 ¥ nghia phat hign thay chi 8 1 trong 6 quén thé 6 kiém tra litn két d6i v6i cap locus Est-8 / Est-1, cho thy ring quan he lign kéi néu c6 thi cling rét long léo. Pgm-2 lien két vOi Hex-2 (r= 0,2740,080) va véi Est-8 (r = 0,18:0,090), do d6 trat ty cdc locus gien trong nhém lien két 06 thé Ia: Pgm-2, Est-8, Hex-2, Est-1, Lap-1, Got-5, Pgm-3 va Pgm-1.Gid tri ti t6 hop gitta Est-4 va Sod-2 trong nhém lign két G, 14 0,29,.0,096. Trong nhém lien két G,, su két hop 66 ¥ nghia cao (P < 0,001) gitta Sod-3 va Sod-4 quan st thay trong ca 2 quén thé phan ly d6i véi cdc locus nay (bang 3). Gi tr) tai 16 hop ude lugng duge gitta Est-1 va Est-3 Ar = 0,26,.0,065 trong mot quan thé ty thy phdn, nhung trong mot qudn thé cay lai Khéc gid tri r nay dat t6i 0,400,048 (So lieu khong chi ra trong béo céo). Tuy nhién, khi hop nhat sO ligu, udc lugng thu duge IA r = 0,420,038 (p = 0,03), vi thé céc locus Est-] va Est-3 d& khong bao ham trong ban dé lien ket. G 24 G 27 29 28 ——_—+— + > +<—_——> <> Adh-2 dhe G. 29 3 —+—_l- —_— ey Bst4 Sod: gq lBy 5° proofreading exonuclease activity in Vent DNA Polymerase. Greater than 90%. of the polymerase activity remains after one hour incubation at 95°C. Because of these advantages, we want to apply Vent DNA Polymerase for the amplification of D17SS alleles by PCR. Our study showed that PCR conditions for Vent DNA Polymerase were rather different than for Taq DNA Polymerase. The amplification of D17S5 alleles with Vent DNA Polymerase was optimal with the following parameters: 1. A final concentration of MgSO, in PCR mixture of 2 mM. 2. An annealing temperature for the specific D17S5 primers of 62°C. 3. A final concentration of dNTPs of 200 BM. Ngay nhdn bai: 17-10-2001 5824 (2): 59-64 Tap chi SINH HOC 6-2002 NHAN GIONG IN VITRO CAY TRE TAU (SINOCALAMUS LATIFLORUS) VA TRE MANH TONG (DENDROCALAMUS ASPER) Tre 1a nguyén lieu, nhién ligu va thyc phim quan trong déi véi Viet Nam cing nhw nhiéu nuéc nhiét d6i khéc. Tre ¢6 dic tinh sinh hoc dac bigt 1 sau hang chye nam sinh trugng va phat trién, tham chi ca tram nam mdi ra hoa két qua mgt In nhung sau d6 bj chét hét. Vi vay viéc tdi tao ging hodc nhan ging bang hat rat kho khn. Phuong phép nhan giéng truyén thOng khong d4p ting dugc nhu cau cay giéng cho vigc tréng rimg hi¢n nay. Viée nhan gidng tre in vitro sé gép phén gidi quyét tinh trang thiéu te gidng. 1. PHUONG PHAP NGHIEN CCU Hai loai tre duge ding trong nghién cit nay la tre tau (Sinocalamus latiflorus) va tre manh tong (Dendrocalamus asper). Mau cay 14 hat tre. cia nhimg cay truéng thinh moc 6 rig bao tén Nam Cat Tien. Hat duge ria sach bing xa phong, sau d6 khir tring trong cén 70° va xtr ly lin uot trong hypoclorit canxi 3% trong 15 phit, HgCr, 0,05% trong 5 phut. Sau d6, mau duge rita nhiéu lan bang nudc vO tring va dugc dua vio nudi cay. Moi trudng nudi cay 1a Murashige-Skooge 1962 (MS) [7] c6 bé sung duing saccaroza 30g/l, agar 8g/l, t6 hop cdc chat diéu hda sinh truéng khéc nhau (BHST) gém 6-Benzyl adenin (BA); 6-Furfuro aminopurin (Kinetin-Kin); ~ Naphthalen axit axetic (NAA); indol butyric axit (IBA) va pH = 5,8 truéc khi hip vO tring. Nhigt 49 trong suét qué trinh thyc nghiém 12 28°C 1. Giai doan tgo va nhan chéi: cutng dQ anh séng 2000 lux, thdi gian chiéu sing 8 h/ngay. Céc chat DHST dugc sit dyng BA, Kin. VO NGOC PIIUONG, PHAM BUC TRE, DOAN THI Al THUYEN, TRINH VIET NGA, ‘TRAN XUAN DU, NGUYEN VAN UYEN Vién Sink hoe nhigt dé Giai doan tao ré: Khodng MS duge giam con mét nita, néng 46 dudmg 10 g/l. Cudng 46 chigu sng 4000 lux, théi gian chiéu séng 16 h/ngay. Cfc chat DHST duge sit dung NAA, IBA. Thi nghigm duge b6 tf theo kiéu ngdu nhién, 1p lai 3 lan. Cie s6 ligu duyc ghi nhan vio ngay thit 30 sau khi cd. Il. KET QUA VA THAO LUAN 1, Su hinh thanh chdi tir hat Hat 6 kich thuéc tir 1-3 mm duge gieo trén méi trudng khodng MS khéng ¢6 cht DHST, méi lan gieo 30 hat, lap lai 3 Min; sau mét tun. cay cao 5-7 cm. TY 1¢ hat ndy mdm 1a'50-60%, tuy mbi dot. C6 3-4% s6 cay bj bach tang va dug logi bd ngay. ‘Cay con durge téch ra va cay tren moi trudng long cé bé sung céc chat DHST: BA 1-5 mg/t va Kin 0,5-2 mg/l. Qua tai lieu va thi nghiém, cho thay auxin, nhat Ia NAA, kim ham sy dé chéi [8, 10}. Cc két qua & bang 1 cho thay néng do BA t6t nhét cho su hinh thinh chéi & cd hai lai trong giai doan nay 1a tir 2-3 mg/l. Tang BA lén 4 mg/l, s6 chéi hinh thanh ting nhung chéi nhd di. O ndng 40 5 mg/l, chéi rat bé va c6 ty 1é nhd mam bi chét. Két hgp Kin véi BA t6t hon khi chi sit dung BA. Kin gip tang kha nang 8 ch6i nhung cay khong bj bé Nhting cum chéi moe trén moi tung cé BA va Kin cho hé s6 nhin tuong duong trén m6i trudng c6 néng d9 BA cao nhat nhung khéng gay chét cum chéi. 59Bang I Anh huéng cita BA va Kin lén su hinh thanh chéi tit hat BA | Kinetin Tre thu Tre man tong me | mem | sensi | HE | ache | soonsi | Tiéecoo | 9, ene 1 oO 3 SS 0 5-7 20-30 oO 0 1 2 30 0 12 25 0 1 05 5 50 0 8-10 15 0 2 0 7 50 0 8-10 15, 0 2 1 8 45 0 | 10-12 15 0 0 2 4 50 0 3-5 25 0 3 0 15 30 10 15-20 15 10 3 1 17 25 10 15-20 15 10 4 0 20 15 80 17-20 10 0 4 1 20 15 80 17-20 10 0 5 0 - - 95 20 5 0 5 1 - - 95 20 5 i} Né&u ding BA va Kin riéng ré thi BA gay dé chéi t6t hon Kin, nhung chéi moc trén mdi trudng 06 Kin xanh, khée va cao hon chéi moe trén m6i trutng cé BA. Mam cé kich thudc 5-10 mm duoc cit va cdy truyén sang moi trudng mdi tot hon 1a mim 6 kich thuéc 25-30 mm. 2. So sénh kha nang sinh truéng cia hat Trong cing mOt mi trudng nhu nhau, tre manh tng dé chéi manh hon tre tau. Ngon tre manh tng khi cit roi va dy trén moi trudng, cho cum chéi chita tir 12-30 chéi, trong khi dé tre tau chi cho 8-10 chéi tir mot ngon. Tritng hop ly d6t gitia dé cy thi kha nang 8 ch6i kém hon’hin so véi d6t ngon. Diéu nay giGng va vi tri mdu nhan ging quan sét cd & tre tau lin tre manh téng. Bang2 Kha nang 4é chéi tir cdc dét khac nhau inti S6 chéi (tre tau ‘SO chéi (tre ton; BA (mg/) Kinetin ( ) chéi (tre manh tong) (eM) | tTungon | Tiract | Twgoc | Tingon | wast | Trg6e 1 0 3 2 3 6 2 4 2 0 6 3 4 8 3 5 0 1 3 2 2 5 2 3 0 2 5 2 3 6 2 5 1 0,5 6 2 4 12 3 6 2 1 8 3 5 22 4 6 3 1 10 3 6 25 4 7 60Kha nang dé chéi_ cha ngon tét hon céc dét khéc cho thy hudng lay miu tir cay trudng thanh dé nhan giéng in vitro. Nen tiép tyc nghién cttu theo huéng nhan ging truc tiép tit chéi cla cay truéng thanh dua trén nhiing két qua nhan gidng tir hat [9]. Céc két qua trong bang 2 goi ¥ nén lay m&u nudi cdy ban dau 1a cae ngon canh non thi x4c xuat thanh cong cao hon. Van dé gidng cting tuong ty, nudi cdy tre ‘tau khé hon 1a tre manh tong. C6 thé 06 méi tuong quan ndo 46 gitta nhan gi6ng bing chéi than (stem bud) cla cay in vitro va chéi than cia cay tuéng thanh. Vi vay nghién citu moi truémg nhan giéng chéi than in vitro sau 46 tng dung cho nudi cily & cay trudng, thanh 18 cén thiét. Viée Idy dugc hat tre dé hu gitt nguén gien va nhan gidng 1a co hoi hiém hoi, trong khi d6 viéc nhan giéng invitro tir mot méu cay ban dau kéo dai thudng khong tot (3, 4). 3. Thoi gian nuol cdy va hé s6 nhan han thay hign tugng 1a sau mot s6 Min edly truyén ban dau, sO chéi inh thanh tir mot cum chéi tuong d6i nhiéu, nhumg tc 49 nhan lai gidm dén (bang 3). Néng dQ chat BA lic méi to cum chéi tuong d6i cao tit 3-4 mg/l (bang 1). Sau 2 lin cfy truyén, néng 49 chat DHST t6i uu I 2 mg/l BA + 1 mg/l Kin. Té hop nay c6 thé ding dé hain rat nhigu thé hg. Vige ding BA va Kin & néng d9 cao 4-5 mg/l khong t6t vi Iam chét ch6i tirlin ody truyén thit 10 tré di. Tre tau dé chéi kém hon tre manh tong. Sau nhiéu ldn offy truyén, tre fu mat déin kha ning 48 chéi trong khi dé tre manh tong lai git nguyén tc do. Bang 3 cho thay két qua nhan chéi nhon qua 10 lan cay truyén, Cfc con s6 trong bang biéu thi hé sO nhan, 18 s6 chéi cia mot cum chéi dé tir 1 chéi ngon sau 3 tudn nudi cy, Trudng hop cay chét khong nhan chéi tiép tuc due thi trong bang biéu thi hé s6 nhan 1a bing 0. Bang 3 Anh hudng cia BA va Kinetin lén sy nhan chéi qua nhiéu ln cy truyén 86 chi sa 36 ln fy truyén BA | Kinetin Land Lén 2 Lin 3 Lén 10 (mei (med Tre tau ae Tre tau on Tre tau Te oe ‘Tre tau ari 1 [os | 6 12 12 2 10 [| 2 5 15 2/4 8 2 14 26 2 | 2 6 7 3 [4 10 25 10 | 27 7 24 0 20 4[4 20 23 0 30 0 0 0 s [| o| o 20 | 0 0 0 0 0 0 Diéu thi vj 18 cy tre ra hoa trén moi trutmg 6 BA (Anh 3). Tre tu ra hoa ngang than, tre manh tong ra hoa & g6c. Chua x4c dinh chinh xée cfc yéu 6 dé chi dong lam tre ra hoa in vitro [2, 5]: C6 thé BA cao gép phén kich thich sutra hoa 4. Tao ré Tren nguyén tic khi chuyén cay con sang méi tru’ng c6 bé sung auxin nhu IBA hodc NAA va khong c6 xytokinin, chiing sé phat trién thanh cay khée manh va cé ré [1]. Két qua & bang 4 va anh 4-5 cho théy ré moc t6t nha trén moi trudng c6 10 mg/l IBA va t6t hon NAA. Néu cy mot chéi nhd hodc chéi c6 dot than vao moi trudng ra ré, cay tre sé sinh trudng thnh cay hoan chinh va 06 bO ré khde manh. ‘Trong khi 46, néu cy cay 1én hoc cum chéi vao m6i trudng ra ré, cay sé ra ré kém, do 46 ty 1é sng sét ngoai vutm vom ciing gidm. D6i vi tre manh tong, nén gitt nhiing cum cAy cho nhig lin nhan gi6ng tiép theo. Con déi 61Anh 1. Hoa va hat tre manh tong; 2. Chéi tre manh tong trén moi trudmg c6 BA 2 mg/l vA Kin Img/l; 3. Tre tau ra hoa trong ong nghiém; 4. Cay tre tau chudn bi caly truyén sang méi truémg tao r@; 5. Cay tre manh tong con chudn bi tréng vio bau dat; 6. Cay tre manh tong 40 ngay tudi trong bau dat 62véi tre tau, kha nang dim chéi méi va hinh Khé nang tdi sinh cia d6t than tre tau phén thanh rt ge than rét kém cho nén chi ding — nao ly giai cho hé s6 nhan th4p hon so véi cum chéi ngon dé cay sang méi truémg tao cay hoan —_chéi tre manh t6ng trén méi trudng nhan chéi cb chinh. Tre tau chi ra ré trén moi trugmg c6 IBA. —_chtta BA ca Kin (bang 2 va 3). Bang 4 Anh huéng cia NAA va IBA Ién sura ré cia cum cay hode dét tre Ty} 1¢ ra 16 (%) S68 Chiu dai ré (mm) Tre tau ‘Tre manh ‘Tre tau Tre manh Tre tau. ‘Tre manh tong tong tong Cum cay +IBA Sppm 50 30 35 8-10 60-80 | 30-50 Cum cay +IBA 10ppm | 80 100 3-5 10-15 | 60-80 | 30-50 Cum cay +IBA 15ppm | 70 90 3-5 10-15 | 60-80 | 30-50 Cum cay + NAA3ppm. 0 15 0 35 60-80 | 30-50 D6t than + IBA Sppm 5 30 35 35 60-90 | 40-60 Dét thin + IBA 10ppm 10 100 3-5 35 60-90 | 40-60 Dét than + IBA 15ppm 8 90 3-5 35 60-90 | 40-60 D6t than + NAA 3ppm 0 7 0 35 0 30-50 Bing 4 cho thy tre manh tong ra ré t6t hon tre 2. Chambers S, M. et al., 1999: Plant Cell, Cu, Le man ong ln hon tong ki 6thin Tissue and Organ Culture, 27 45-48. (re tu to hon va thing hon. Khi trong ra dat, tre 3° pp Amato F,, 1986: taneous mutation manh tong dé sng hon tre tau (anh 6). and. somacional : Speen ‘cession Genetic variation from in vitro culture, in: ML KET LUAN Nuclear techniques and in vitro culture for plant improvement. Proceedings of C6 thé nhan giéng in vitro tre manh tng va symposium jointly organized by IAEA and tre tau theo céc buée sau: FAO, Vienna, 19-23 August: 3-10. 1. Tao ch6i tirhat tot wen moi tring MSO 4 Debergh P. C. and Zimmerman R. H., BA 3mg/l va Kinetin mg/l. 1991: Micropropagation technology and 2. Nhan chéi t6t tren moi tru’mg MS cé BA application. Kulwer Academic Press, mg/l va Kinetin Img/. Dordrecht, the Netherlands. 3. Chéi, cay con ra ré va sinh truémg thanh 5, John C. K and Nadgauda R. S., 1999: In cay hoan, chinh tt tren moi trudng c6 néng do vitro Cell Dev. Biol-Plant, 35: 309-315. Khong MS gidm 1/2 va cé IBA 10mg/l 6. McClure F. A., 1966: Them bamboos-a 4. He s6 nhan ging duge uée tinh 3" cay fresh perspective. Haward Universit Press, bau dat/ntim/! hat tre ban déu. Cambridge, Mass. i 1 7. Murashig T. and Skoog F., 1962: Physiol. TAI LIEU THAM KHAO Plant, 15: 473. 1. Arya S. et al., 1999: Plant Cell Reports, 18: 8. Prutpongse P. and Gavinlertvatana P., 879-882. 1992: Hort. Science, 27(5): 453-454. 639: Ravikumar R. et al., 1998: Plant Cell, 10. Saxena S., 1990: Plant Cell Report, 9: 431- Tissue and Organ Culture, 52: 189-192. 434, MICROPROPAGATION OF TWO BAMBOO SPECIES SINOCALAMUS LATIFLORUS AND DENDROCALAMUS ASPER BY TISSUE CULTURE ‘VU NGOC PHUONG et al, SUMMARY The micropropagation of two bamboo species Sinocalamus latiflorus and Dendrocalamus asper by tissue culture includes 4 steps: 1. Multishoot induction: Young shoots from germinating seeds. Basal MS salt medium supplemented with BA 3 mg/l and Kinetin 1 mg/l. 2. Multiple shoot propagation: MS medium supplemented with BA 2 mg/l and Kinetin 1 mg/l. 3. Induction of roots and full plantlets: Half-strength MS salt medium supplemented with IBA 10 mg/. 4. A high rate of micropropagation, 3” of potted plantles per year, could be attained, using this protocol. Negay nhdn bai:17-3-2001NATIONAL CENTRE FOR NATURAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF VIETNAM JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY VOLUME 24 - NUMBER 2 6 - 2002 CONTENTS Pages 1. DANG NGOC THANH, : Two new crab species of Potamidae found in Vietnam. 1-8 HO THANH HAI 2. NGUYEN VAN HAO, : A new genus and a new species of freshwater fish 9-14 NGUYEN HUU DUC Balitoridae (Cypriniformes) from the Dienbien district Laichau province, Vietnam. 3. VU DINH THONG. : Results of the bat research at Puhoat area, Nghean province 15-21 4, CHU VAN THUOC : Data on the species composition and the distribution of 22-30 harmful marine epiphytic microalgae living on coral reefs in the north Vietnam. 5. LEVAN TRUONG, ex al. : Cloning of a gene encoding cold- adapted c-amylase from 31-36 the psychrotrop hic bacterium —Pseudoalteromonas haloplanctis strain 505 6. NGUYEN XUAN VIET : Linkage relationship of isozyme loci in diploid taro 37-42 Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott. 7. HOANG NGOC ANH, : Isolation and preliminary study the scorpion neurotoxins 43-46 etal. Buthus sp. 8. PHAM THILE HA ct al. + Anti-fungal activity of irradiated chitosan against 47-50 Exobasidium vexans Massee. 9. PHAMTHINGOCLAN, Effect of the inoculation of phosphate solubilizing bacteria 51-55 TRUONG VAN LUNG ‘on some characteristics of the Khangdan rice cultivar. ). NGUYEN HOAI GIANG, . se cats sO GUYENHIANH HUG. + Applying of VENT DNA polymerase for the amplification 56-58 LE THI KIM TUYEN of Di 785 (YNZ22) alleles by PCR. 11. VU NGOC PHUONG : Microprop agation of two bamboo species Sinocalamus 59-64 etal. latiflorus and Dendrocalamus asper by tissue culture.TRUNG TAM KHOA HOC TUNHIEN VA CONG NGHE QUOC GIA 1, DANG NGQC THANE, HO THANH HAT 2. NGUYEN VAN HAO, NGUYEN HOU DUC 2 . VO DINH THONG & . CHU VAN THUOC a . LE VAN TRUONG, ‘TRUONG NAM HAI, LB TRAN BINH, ‘THOMAS SCHEWEDER a NGUYEN XUAN VIET a . HOANG NGQC ANH, PISKOREV B. E., BEREZIN B.B., YAMSKOV L A. = PHAM THILE HA TRAN THI THUY, LE HAL NGUYEN QUOC HIEN ). PHAM THI NGQC LAN, TRUONG VAN LUNG 2 10. NGUYEN HOAI GIANG, NGUYEN HANH PHUC, LE. THI KIM TUYEN 11. VO NGQC PHUONG, PHAM DUC TRI, DOAN THI AI THUYEN, ‘TRINH VIET NGA, ‘TRAN XUAN DU, _ NGUYEN VAN UYEN Chi s6: 12880 TAP CHi SINH HOC TAP 24-62 6 - 2002 MUC LUC : Hai loai cua méi thudc ho Potamidae & Vigt Nam. : Mot giGng méi va mot loai méi thuge ho Balitoridae (Cypriniformes) tim thay & huyén Dign Bién, tinh Lai Chau. : Két qua nghién ctu doi & khu vite Pa Hoat, tinh Nghé An. : D&n ligu vé thanh phin loai va phan b6 cilia vi tio bién dc hai sng bam trén céc ran san hé & phia Bic Viet Nam. : Tao dong gien mi héa g-amylaza lanh ti vi khudn chju anh Pseudoalteromonas haloplanctis 505. : Quan hé lign ket gitfa cdc locus isozym & cay khoai mon lung bOi (2n = 2x) Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott. : Tach va bude dau phan tich tinh chat cia céc notoxin tir ge cita Loai bd cap Buthus sp. : Kha ning diét ném phéng 14 ché (Exohasidium vexans Massee) ciia chitosan chiéu xa. : Anh hung cita sy lay nhiém vi khudn phan giai photpho khé tan vio dat dén mot s6 chi tiéu sinh ly cba gidng kia Khang dan. : Sir dung VENT DNA polymerase trong ky thuat PCR dé khuéch dai céc alen DI 785 (YNZ22). : Nhan ging in vitro cay tre tu (Sinocalamus latiflorus) va tre manh tong (Dendrocalamus asper). In tai Xudng I - Nha in Khoa hoc va Cong nghé S6 18 dudng Hoang Quéc Viet, Cau Gidy, Ha Noi In xong va nop Iuu chigu thang 7 - 2002 Trang 1-8 15-21 22-30 31-36 37-42 43-46 47-50 51-55