Department of Mechanical Engineering First- Pre final Examination (Session 2016-17) Fluid Machinery Systems-I (TME-310) Time: Ihr i MM: 20 Note: Attempt all questions QI. A jet of water having a velocity of 35 m/s enters on a series of moving vanes having velocity of 20 m/s, the jet makes 30° to the direction of motion of the vanes at inlet and leaves the vanes at 5 m/s. Draw the velocity triangles and find: @ Vane tip angles at inlet and outlet for a shock less flow Work done per kg of water iii, Efficiency i. Q2. A jet of water of diameter 50 mm, having a velocity of 20 m/s strikes a curved vane which is moving with a velocity of 10 m/s in the direction of the jet. The jet leaves the vane at an angle of 60 degree to the direction of motion of vane at outlet, Determine: i. The force exerted by the jet on the vane in the direction of motion ii. | Work done per second by the jet. / (4) Q3.A Pelton turbine is driven by two jets, generating 4.0 MW at 375 rev/min. The ‘effective head at the nozzles is 200 m of water and the nozzle velocity coefficient is 0.98. The wheel is 1.5 m in diameter. The relative velocity of the flow across the buckets is decreased by 15% and the water is deflected through an angle of 165°. Neglecting the losses, determine (4) (i The runner efficiency; (ii) The diameter of each j (Q4- A jt of water of diameter 60 mm moving with a velocity of 30 m/s impinges on a fixed curved plate tangentially at one end at an angle of 30° to the horizontal. Calculate the resultant force of the jet on the plate if the jet is deflected through an @) angle of 40°. GuHed QS. Explain the working and construction of various components of Francis turbine with aneat sketch and write an expression for Work done per unit weight of working fluid 6) IRE EE HSE EB HEED DIDI EIEIO SIO OIA IIAoO Department of Mechanical Engineering Second Pre-final Fluid Machinery Systems-II (TME-313) Time: 1 hr ‘Note: Attempt all questions. QI. A freon centrifugal compressor has the following data: Type of impeller: radial-tipped Speed: 8000 rpm Impeller tip diameter: 48 cm Eye tip diameter: 24 em Eye hub diameter 12m “@ Mass flow rate: Bke/s am Slip factor: 0.92 Stage efficiene 077 = 1.0 bar, To: =293 K, R= 95 Ske K, y= 1.182, ¢p ~ 616 Jkg K. wired to’, Entry conditior Determine the axig! velocity, total pregssre ratio developed and the power req © drive the compressor without IGVs. Q2. What is the basic difference between a rocket propulsion and jet propulsion? State the 6) advantages of a liquid propellant rocket over solid propellant rocket. ee coat Q3.In one stage of an axial flow compressor, the pressure ratio is to be 1.2 and the air inlet stagnation temperature is 288 K. If the stagnation temperature rise of the stages is,24 K. the rotor tip speed is 180 mvs, and the rotor rotates at 4500 rpm, calculate the stage Ce A and diometes pf tho rotor. (5) Q4, Explain the following terms in context of compressors: Q 42) 4" Work done factor —_— eS Ww Slip factor ea se Cras 6% way . TERE EEO EEO Er a Ea a EIDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Make up Examination Fluid Machinery Systems-II (TME-313) Uhr Yan om ‘MM: 20 Note: Attempt all questions. $ a single stage turbine and nozzle, and 280 K. the Time: QI.A turbojet unit consists of a single stage compressor, ‘The pressure and temperature at the inlet of the compressor is 0.8 bar pressure at the outlet of the compressor is 4 bat. Assuming the following data: 2) i. _Isentropic efficiency of the compressor = 80 % gor Pr vel Maximum temperature of cycle = $50 °C » web ( ae isentropic efficiency of the turbine = 85 % : Bo ra Isentropic efficiency of the nozzle= 90 % ye" aon pe AN v. Combustion efficiency of combustion chamber = 98 % cert — vi. Mechanical efficiency = 95 % = 1.35 for Take Coa =I kI/ kg K and Yq = 1.4 for ait, Cpg =1.2 kI/ kg K and ¥g Gilorific value of fuel used = 42000 ki/kg, static back pressure on nozzle = —~ gases, Y 0.6 bar, aircraft speed = 720 krv/hr, flow of air = 20 kg/s. find the following: va) Indicated power required to drive the compressor wf Y Air fuel ratio used 0 wy Dl \e) Thrust developed yho 74 oa _1@¥ Propulsion efficiency Q2.Draw the pressure volume flow rate curve for fans connected in series and parallel (4) combination. go: has an overall pressure ratio of 4.5:1, and a mean blade speed degree of reaction and the relative air angles are the is 158 m/s and is constant throughout the culate the number of stages required. vA Gn axial flow compressor of 245 mis. Each stage is of 50% 7 same (30°) for each stage. The axial velocity i stage. If the polytropic efficiency is 87%, cal ‘Assume Toi = 290 K. aaa (5) we vie Q4. Explain the working and construction of ajand show that roots efficiency of a roots blower, where 7, isthe pressure ratio is given by the expression; (5) ot ne oe commen ea(re |) i$ g (=) seuseseaneaveuneessevesneceecensanninasennenoesentenngeee e » soe| Department of Me chanical Enj ‘it College of Technology, Pantnagar TME-310, Fluid Mi , lachinery and Systems-I, , 1 Semester, Final Examination-2016-17 MM: 40 ' ‘Time: 2 hour 15 min fote: Ai i tempt all questions and assume suitable data wherever required. QI. State the conditions to be followed so that the model can predict 3) lowed s | ee ae @) 2. Hor istage Q2. How can multistage pumps be used to produce more discharge. Explain with neat figure. (3) Q3. Explain the working of a hydraulic lift with the help of neat sketch. @) Determine the rate of flow in and out of the air vessel on the delivery side in a single acting reciprocating pump of 200 mm bore and 300 mm stroke which is running 60 rpm at a crank angle of 60°. Also find the angle of crank rotation at which there is no flow into or out of the a) air vessel. QS. Determine the power of the motor to drive the plunger of a hydraulic press to lif, a load of 20 KN toa. height ‘of 2 m in 10 minutes, The area of the ram and plunger are 1.8 * 10? m? and 5 x 10 m° respectively. If the stroke of the plunger is 0.6 m, find the number of strokes required by the plunger. a) fhe available head and flow rate are 24.5 m and 10.1 m/s Q6. At a hydroelectric power plant site t -d to run at 4.0.revolution per second (rps) respectively. If the turbine to be installed is requires with an overall efficiency of 90%, then select suitable type of turbine for this site. @ eg Q7. Show that the percentage saving in work due to air vessels in a reciprocating pump is 84.8 % Ge e° for single acting pump. (6) der a gross head of 500 m. The water supply is through @ penstock of I m diameter of length 3 km. The friction factor is 0.024, The jet diameter is 160 a ore iid the jet is deflected by 165°. The relative velocity at exit js 0.85 of the value at inlet Ti bucket velocity is 0.45 times the jet velocity. Mechanical efficiency is 0.85. Determine: (i) power developed (ii) shaft power (li) hydraulic efficiency and (~) overall efficiency 2 . “i . “yes 7 2 (rake; a=) hye ort ye Jove >F ean Voie 6) ous xc 5020 (2 eV I 2% Qo, A centrifugal pump lifts water against a static head of 40 m, of which 4 m is suction lift. The 2 chotion and delivery pipes are both 150 mm diameter; the head loss in the suction pipe is 23 fu * si in the delivery pipe 7.4 m. The impeller is 420 mm diameter and 30 mm wide at the ‘mouth it revolves at 1200 rpm and its affective vane angle at exit is 5°, if manometric 3) efficiency) (Nnane) = 80 % and overall efficiency (na) = 70 %, determine the discharge delivered by the pump and power required to drive the pump. Also find the pressure head indicated at the ©) suction and delivery branches of the pump. a 2 Q8. A Pelton wheel is working un¢ FOL EERE En HEHE EERO REE ESRD EERE IEEE OEE oo, Vio pe ne BNEDepartment of Te Mechanical Ei sone ingineering, College of Technology Final Examination (I Semester, Session 2016-17) Fluid Machi ae luid Machinery and Systems-II (TME-313) Note: (a) Attempt all questio ; rinsed est fs questions and assume suitable data wherever required, ne? nl ()Attempt all te OL Write the car oat an bective type questions of QI, each is of one mark ' ‘ice for all ten questions in answersheet. (x10=10) 1, Optimum pressure ratio for m: i Cope teeuperature of 300 K .aximum specific output for ideal gas turbine plantoperating at initial and the maximum temperature of 1000 K is closer to a4 A c. 12 fi fe Consider the following features in elation to gas turbine plant . onli ii, Regeneration iii, Reheat ears following features increase (s) the work ratio . 3. The tes iii X b. iandiix c. iiandiiiy d. iandiii . ‘The usual value of power input factor in a centrifugal compressor is a b. 1.04 ce. 1d d. 1.25 4. A 50% degree of reaction in an axial flow compressor implies that ‘a. Work done in compression is least b. 50 % stages of the compressor are ineffective mee ‘after compression is optimum (“The compressor has symmetrical blades : 5, The compressor does not form apart of ‘ = bee gas turbine b, Turbojet ‘Ramjet d, Turboprop ‘compared to centrifugal compressors 6, The following statements refer to axial flow comPressO as than centrifugal compressors T Can be designed for higher pressure ratios \. Maximum efficiency higher than centrifuge ‘compressors but in narrow speed range ii More suitable for aviation ges turbines dui Jower frontal area Lighter in mass than centrifugal compressors Which of these statements are correct iii,iiandiv b. i, itandifi c. iianditi = di andiilt a 7. The wind speed is measured using an instrument called 'b, Anemometer iv. ‘a. Manometer c. Wind vane | 4. Pyranometer 8, According to fan laws the air pressure for Bonstant density apd impeller diameter is propotional to speed (n) a8: an, bow jo or . independent 9. ‘The velocity of air entering in arocket as compared to dh aircraft ig . a, Zero b. More’ = |G Les . Same . 10. Vaneless diffusers are suitable for me a. only low b. onlyhigh | ©. bot Iqw as @, No such criteria pressure rise pressure rise | high pfessureQ2. (@)Expiain the distribution of pressure/and velocity for different exit pressures in a nozzle and. the criteria for the design pressure rat o @ horizontal axis windmill with 10 m-diameter propeller is designed for @ rated wind city of 80 krw/hr. If its outpat is 8 kW determine (i) overall efficiency (ii) wind velocity through the propeller dise (iii) axial thrust.“Assume maximum power coefficient and take air sess 1.33 kg/m. % @ (Pein the blade camber angle and deviation angle in the compressor cascade nomenclature th the help of neat sketch 2 Pees having a chord length of 2.5 m and a span of 15 m moves at a velocity of 130 Ahrough standard atmospheric conditions. The angle of attack being 5", calculate the weight which the wing carries and the power requiredZio drive the aerofoil. Take corresponding to Angle of attack of 5; Cy=0.465, Cp=0.222 and density of air =1.25 kg/m>. ® (a)Somebody claims that at very high pressure ratios, the use of regeneration actually decreases the thermal efficiency ofa gas-turbine engine. Is there any truth in this claim? Explai @ Hin a gas turbine the compressor is driven by the high pressure turbine. The exhaust from the igh pressure turbine goes to a free low pressure turbine which runs the load. The ait flow rate is20.kg/s and the minimum and maximum temperatire are respectively 300 K and 1000 K. The yr 7~Compressor pressure ratio is 4. Calculate the pressure ratio of low pressure turbine and the temperature of exhaust gases from the unit, The compressor and turbine are isEntiopic. Take cy for air = 1 kl/kg K, y4=1.4 and neglect mass of fuel. @ pol —_ lone tp 7 » f ave an expression of lift on hovéreraft due to cushion of air a the help of neat sketch. @ \ ) In an axial flow compressor air enters the compressor at stagnation pressure and temperature 1 bar and 280K, respectively. The pressure ratio of the compressor is 8. If isentropic \ \efficiency of the compressor is 0.85, find the work of compression and the final temperature at ao. the outlet. Assume y= 1.4, and C,=1.005 ki/kg K. ¢ | Fah 9286 golQ) Es . vol ieee eet so aS age 7 01S a 4H we age17 +6 HLS Of atv c (0, 380 Mean A steal estion oF mach] Site tho mon non comarvainen ne it sh 0H conservative loading conditions, The fret af ant G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology Pantnagar ‘TME-450 Gas Dynamics and Jet P ropulsion 2017-18} B, Tech. Semester —Righth; Make up Exam (May 2018) Time: 1 hour, Total Marks [25] Department of Mechanical Engineering Note: Attempt all questions and all i i eaten questions are compulsory. Read the questions carefully F Qu1 For low-speed (nearly incompressib! i fom Bernoulli's equation as, ipressible) gas flow, the stagnation pressure can be computed ova Po= P+zPV™ (@) For higher subsonic speeds, show that the isentropic relation can be expanded in a power series as follows: po = p+dpv2{ +bMa? 425k Mat +- } 2 4 24 (b) Suppose that a pitot-static tube in air measures the pressure difference p.—p and uses the Bernoulli relation, with stagnation density, to estimate the gas velocity. At what Mach numbers will the error be 4 percent? (2+3=5) Q2patve an expression to show the relationship between control volume and system. (5] 3 what is normal shock wave. How itis produced ina convergent divergent noze ~ 5) Q4 A conical tank of half angle 6, with radius R and height H, drains through a hole of radius Re. The speed of liquid leaving the tank is approximately Ve = V(2gh) where h is the Tstantaneous height of the liquid free surface above the hole at time t. Find the rate of change of surface level in the tank at the instant when h-H/2, 63 [2 2, nt made o ‘AsO B) and the loadings TASTM 59 HO is oJ sting brn