1.

Cylinder conditions at the start of compression in an SI engine operating at WOT on an

air-standard Otto cycle are 60°C and 98 kPa. The engine has a compression ratio of 9.5:1
and uses gasoline with AF = 15.5. Combustion efficiency is 96%, and it can be assumed
that there is no exhaust residual. Calculate:
a) Temperature at all states in the cycle. [deg. C],
b) Pressure at all states in the cycle. [kpa],
c) Specific work done during power stroke. [kJ/kg],
d) Heat added during combustion. [kJ/kg],
e) Net specific work done. [kJ/kg],
f) Indicated thermal efficiency. [%]

Solutions :
 For a) and b)

T1 = 60℃ + 273 = 333K

P1 = 98 kPa

T2 = T1 × rc k−1

= (333 K) × (9.5)0.35 = 732K = 459℃

P2 = P1 × rc k

= (98 kPa) × (9.5)1.35 = 2047 kPa

QHV × ηC = (AF + 1) × cv × (T3 − T2 )

(43000 kJ⁄kg) × (0.96) = (15.5 + 1) × (0.821 kJ⁄kgK) × (T3 − 732K)

T3 = 3779K = 3506℃
 T3
P2 = P1 × ( )
T2

3779
= (2047 kPa) × ( ) = 10568 kPa
732

1 k−1
T4 = T3 × ( )
rc

1 0.35
= 3779 K × ( ) = 1719 K = 1446℃
9.5

1 k
P4 = P3 × ( )
rc

1 1.35
= 10568 kPa × ( ) = 506 kPa
9.5
(T4 − T3 )
𝑤3−4 = 𝑅 × [ ]
(1 − 𝑘)

(1719 K − 3779 K)
= (0.287 kJ⁄kgK) × [ ] = 1689 kJ⁄kg
(1 − 1.35)

𝑞𝑖𝑛 = 𝑐𝑣 × (T3 − T2 )

= (0.821 kJ⁄kgK) × (3779 K − 732 K) = 2502 kJ⁄kg

(T2 − T1 )
𝑤1−2 = 𝑅 × [ ]
(1 − 𝑘)

(732 K − 333 K)
= (0.287 kJ⁄kgK) × [ ] = −327 kJ⁄kg
(1 − 1.35)

𝑤𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑡 = 𝑤1−2 + 𝑤3−4

= −327 kJ⁄kg + 1689 kJ⁄kg = 1362 kJ⁄kg

𝑤𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑡
ηt =
𝑞𝑖𝑛

1362 kJ⁄kg
= = 0.545 = 54.5%
2502 kJ⁄kg