Name: Noor Fatin Nadia Bt.

Othman
Class: 6 Berlian
Subject: Science
Teacher Name: Pn. Tengku Azelawati
CONTENTS

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No Title Pages
.
1. Introduction 1
2. Appreciation 2
3. Sources 3
4. Giant Panda 4-5
5. Polar Bear 6-7
6. Siberian Tiger 8-9
7. Elephant 10 - 11
8. Whale 12 - 13
9. Penguin 14 - 15
10. Leatherback Turtle 16 - 17
11. Hornbill 18 - 19
12. Rhinoceros 20 - 21
13. Orang Utan 22 - 23

INTRODUCTION

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 Endangered animals are animals that
are in danger of extinction because of their
low numbers in population in their natural
habitats. There are many animals known to be
endangered species, and some that have
extinct.

APPRECIATION
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 I want to say a million thanks to Pn.
Tengku Azelawati because helping me giving
me a little bit in formation about this project. I
also want to say thanks to my parents
because give me support to finish up this
project.

SOURCES
 Internet
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  Complete Science (Year 4, 5, 6)
 Science Texts Book Year 6

Giant Panda
Giant panda have black fur on their ears, around their
eyes, muzzle, legs and shoulders. The giant panda can
climb tree well. The giant panda has a very important
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thumb which allows it to pick up food. It is part of the
wrist. It also has five other fingers on each hands.
A giant panda height is about 5 feet tall. It also
weight about 250 pounds and lives almost 30 years.
The giant panda primary food source is bamboo.
They eat almost twelve hours a day and for the rest of
the day they sleep. In the course of a year they eat
almost 10, 000 pounds of bamboo. The panda usually
lives in solitary, except during mating season.
Historically pandas lived in both mountainous and
lowland regions of central-western and southwestern
China. They are now found only in the mountains of
central China, in Sichuan, Shaanxi and Gansu provinces.
Today, an estimated 2,000 pandas are found in the wild.
By the end of 2006, there were a reported 180 pandas in
captivity on mainland China and about 20 in other
countries.

Why giant panda is facing the threat of

extinction?
Panda are threatened by excessive logging, land
development, and illegal hunting.

How to prevent the giant panda from being

extinct?
 Organizing campaigns against illegal logging.
 Educate the public about the importance of
protecting and conserving giant panda.
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 Polar Bear
Polar bears are among the largest predators in the world.
They range in color from pure white after a molt to a
yellowish shade resulting from solar oxidation or staining
by oil from seal blubber. Polar bears’ long neck and
narrow skull aid in streamlining the animal in water, and
their large, flat and oar-like front feet make them strong
swimmers. Their fur is thicker than any other bears’ even
covering their feet, for warmth and traction on ice.
An average male polar bear weighs a half a ton. The
average female polar bear weighs a quarter of a ton. The
largest polar bear ever was a male that stood 11 feet tall
and weighed nearly a ton.
The polar bear is mostly carnivorous. They mainly eat
seals. They also eat walrus, beluga whale and bowhead
whale carcasses, birds, vegetation and kelp. The polar
bear usually lives in solitary, except during mating
season.
Polar bears are distributed throughout the arctic region
in 19 subpopulations. Alaska, Canada, Russia, Greenland
and Norway have polar bear populations. Today, The
World Conservation Union (IUCN) estimates that there are
between 20,000-25,000 polar bears in the world.

Why polar bear is facing the threat of

extinction?
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Polar bear are threatened by climate change, pollution,
land development and illegal hunting.

How to prevent the polar bear from being

extinct?
 Educate the public about the importance of
protecting and conserving polar bear.
 Enforcing the law and regulations.

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 Siberian Tiger
The tiger is the largest member of the cat family. They
sport long, thick reddish coats with white bellies and
white and black tails. Their heads, bodies, tails and
limbs have narrow black, brown or gray stripes. The
Siberian tiger are mostly active at night. They are also
very good swimmers and have been known to kill prey
while swimming.

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 An adult male Siberian tiger is usually 11 feet long
and 400 pounds, The female is a little smaller, about 8
feet and 300 pounds.
Siberian tigers are carnivorous which means they
only eat meat. The tiger may go for a week without
eating so they may eat up to 55 pounds at one meal.
Its main prey is deer, antelope, and wild pigs. It also
known to attack sloth bear, dogs, leopards, crocodiles
and pythons as well as monkeys and hares. The
Siberian tiger usually lives in solitary, except during
mating season.
Today, they are only found in South and Southeast Asia,
China and the Russian Far East. In the early 1900s, there
were around 100,000 tigers throughout their range.
Today, an estimated total of around 3,000-4,500 exist in
the wild.

Why Siberian tiger is facing the threat of

extinction?
Siberian tiger are threatened by illegal hunting and illegal
logging. Illegal logging causes the Siberian tiger habitats
destroyed.

How to prevent the Siberian tiger from being

extinct?
 Enforcing the law and regulations.
 Establish forest reserves and national parks.

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 Elephant
Elephants are the largest land-dwelling mammals on
earth. They are brown to dark gray in color and have
long, coarse hairs sparsely covering their bodies. They
have very thick skin that keeps them cool. Elephant
trunks serve as another limb. They also sport large ears
and thick tree-trunk-like legs to support their great
weight.

An elephant height is about 5 - 14 feet. It also weight

about 6, 000 pound and lives about 70 years. The
elephant is mostly a herbivore which mean they only eat
plants. Its main food is leaves, bamboo, bark and roots. It
also known to eat food like banana and sugarcane which
are grown by farmers. Adult elephants eat 300-400 lbs of
food per day. The elephant usually lives in groups.

African savannah elephants are found in savannah

zones in 37 countries south of the Sahara Desert. African
forest elephants inhabit the dense rain forests of west
and central Africa. The Asian elephant is found in India,
Sri Lanka, China and much of Southeast Asia. At the turn
of the 20th century, there were a few million African
elephants and about 100,000 Asian elephants. Today,
there are an estimated 450,000 - 700,000 African
elephants and between 35,000 - 40,000 wild Asian
elephants.

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Why elephant is facing the threat of
extinction?
Elephant are threatened by illegal logging and illegal
hunting. Human hunt elephant to get the ivory.

How to prevent the elephant from being

extinct?
 Enforcing the law and regulations.

 Avoid consuming or buying products made from

endangered species.

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 Whale
Like all mammals, whales breathe air into lungs, are
warm-blooded, feed their young milk and have some
(although very little) hair. Their bodies resemble the
streamlined form of a fish, while the forelimbs or flippers
are paddle-shaped. The tail fins, or flukes, enable whales
to propel themselves through the water. Most species of
whale have a fin on their backs known as a dorsal
fin.Beneath the skin lies a layer of fat called blubber. It
serves as an energy reservoir and also as insulation.
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Whales breathe through blowholes, located on the top of
the head so the animal can remain submerged. Baleen
whales have two blowholes,while toothed whales have
one.

A whale length is about 110 feet long. It also weight

about 150 tons and can lives about 80 years. The whale
is mostly a carnivore. It main food is shrimp like
crustaceans known as krill, which it eats during the
summer feeding season. The whale usually lives in
solitary.

The blue whale is found in all major oceans of the

world. Its populations have been severely depleted
throughout its range due to commercial whaling, which
ceased in 1964. There have been reports of increased
sightings in some areas, but in other areas the number of
blue whales remains low.

Why whale is facing the threat of extinction?

Whale is threatened by excessive hunting. Human hunt
whale for their fat.

How to prevent the whale from being extinct?

 Avoid consuming or buying products made from
endangered species.

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 Penguin
Penguins are birds that have adapted very well to life in
the water. Their wing bones are flipper-like and, while
useless for flying, are extremely well-suited to swimming.
All penguins are “countershaded”, which means that they
are darkly colored on their backs and white on their
bellies. Penguins can spend up to 75% of their lives in the
water. They do all of their hunting in the water. Their prey
can be found within 60 feet of the surface, so penguins
have no need to swim in deep water. They catch prey in
their beaks and swallow them whole as they swim. Some
species only leave the water for molting and breeding.

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 The fairy penguin is the smallest of the penguin
species at 16 inches tall. It weighs about 2.2 pounds. The
largest penguin species is the emperor penguin, which is
about 3.7 feet tall and weighs between 60 and 90
pounds. It can lives about 15 -20 years. The penguin is a
carnivore. The penguins eat krill, fish and squid.
In general, penguins closer to the equator eat more fish
and penguins closer to Antarctica eat more squid and
krill. The penguin usually lives in groups.

Penguins can be found on every continent in the

Southern Hemisphere from the tropical Galapagos Islands
(the Galapagos penguin) off South America to Antarctica
(the emperor penguin). Larger penguin species are found
in colder climates where their large body mass enables
them to cope with the conditions, while smaller penguins
inhabit warmer climates. The penguin species with the
highest population is the Macaroni penguin with
11,654,000 pairs. The species with the lowest population
is the endangered Galapagos penguin with between
6,000-15,000 individuals.

Why penguin is facing the threat of

extinction?
Penguins are threatened by climate change and land
development.

How to prevent the penguin from being

extinct?
 Enforcing the law and regulations.

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 Leatherback Turtle
The leatherback turtle is the largest of all living sea
turtles and the fourth largest modern reptile behind three
crocodilians. It can easily be differentiated from other
modern sea turtles by its lack of a bony shell. Instead, its
carapace is covered by skin and oily flesh. It also has
backwards spines in its throat to help it swallow food.
Leatherback turtles follow the general sea turtle body
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plan of having a large, dorsoventrally flattened, round
body with two pairs of very large flippers and a short tail.

Leatherback turtle adults average at around one to

two meters long and weigh from around 250 to 700
kilograms. The largest ever found however was over
three meters from head to tail and weighed 916
kilograms. The leatherback turtle can lives about 80
years. The leatherback turtle eat jellyfish, seaweed and
algae.

The leatherback turtle is a species with a cosmopolitan

global range. Of all the extant sea turtle species,
leatherback turtle has the widest distribution reaching as
far north as Alaska and Norway and as far south as the
Cape of Good Hope in Africa and the southern most tip of
New Zealand. The beach of Rantau Abang in Terengganu,
Malaysia, had once had the largest nesting population in
the world with 10,000 nests per year. However in 2008
only 2 leatherback turtles nested at Rantau Abang and
unfortunately the eggs where infertile.

Why leatherback turtle is facing the threat of

extinction?
Leatherback turtle are threatened by land development,
eggs collecting and pollution.

How to prevent the leatherback turtle from

being extinct?
 Educate the public about the importance of
protecting and conserving leatherback turtle.
 Enforcing the law and regulations.
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 Hornbill
Hornbills are a family of bird found in tropical and sub-
tropical Africa and Asia. They are characterized by a long,
down-curved bill which is frequently brightly-coloured and
sometimes has a casqued on the upper mandible. In
addition, they possess a two-lobed kidney. Hornbills are
the only birds in which the first two neck vertebrae are
fused together; this probably provides a more stable
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platform for carrying the bill. The largest assemblages of
hornbills form at some rossting sites, where as many as
2400 individual birds may be found.

Hornbills show considerable variation in size as a

family, ranging in size from the Black Dwarf Hornbill, at
102 grams (3.6 oz) and 30 cm (1 foot), to the Southern
Ground-hornbill, at up to 6.2 kg (13.6 lbs) and 1.2 m (4
feet). Hornbills are omnivorous birds, eating fruit, insects
and small animals.

The Bucerotidae include some 57 living species,

though a number of cryptic species may yet be split in
some insular forms. Their distribution ranges from Africa
south of the Sahara through tropical Asia to the
Philippines and Solomon Islands. Most are arboreal birds,
but the large ground-hornbills as their name implies, are
terrestrial birds of open Savanna. The remaining species
are found in dense forests.

Why hornbill is facing the threat of extinction?

Hornbill is threatened by excessive logging and illegal
hunting.

How to prevent the hornbill from being

extinct?
 Organizing campaign against excessive logging.

 Enforcing the law and regulations.

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 Rhinoceros
There are five species of rhinoceros two African and three
Asian. The African species are the White and Black
Rhinoceros. Both species have two horns. Asian
Rhinoceros include the Indian and the Javan, each with
one horn, and the Sumatran, which has two. As solitary
creatures, both male and female rhinos establish
territories. Males mark and defend their territories. Rhinos
use their horns not only in battles for territory or females
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but also to defend themselves from lions, tigers and
hyenas.
The white rhino is the second largest land mammal
next to the elephant. The five species range in weight
from 750 pounds to 8,000 pounds and stand anywhere
from four and a half to six feet tall. Biologists estimate
that wild rhinos live up to 35 years. In captivity, a rhino
may live 40 years. Rhinos are herbivores, meaning they
eat only plants. White rhinoceros, with their square-
shaped lips, are ideally suited to graze on grass. Other
rhinos prefer to eat the foliage of trees or bushes.
Rhinoceros are found in parts of Africa and Asia. The
population of White Rhinoceros is about 7,500 and Black
Rhinoceros is about 2,400. The population of Sumatran
Rhinoceros is 400. The Javan Rhinoceros is fewer than
100. Meanwhile, the population of Indian Rhinoceros is
more than 2,000.

Why rhinoceros is facing the threat of

extinction?
Rhinoceros is threatened by illegal hunting. Humans hunt
rhinoceros for their horn.

How to prevent the rhinoceros from being

extinct?
 Established forest reserves and national parks.

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 Avoid consuming or buying products from
endangered species.

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 Orang Utan
The orang utans are a species of great apes. Known for
their intelligence, they live in trees and they are the
largest living arboreal animal. Orang utans have thin,
shaggy, reddish-brown hair. They have long, powerful
arms and strong hands that they can use to manipulate
tools. Orang utans have the ability to make 13 to15
different types of vocalizations. Orang utans are arboreal
creatures, which means they spend most of their lives
slowly walking, swinging and climbing through dense rain
forests.
Most orang utans are four to five feet long some can
reach a length of six feet. Adult males weight between
100 and 200 pounds and adult females weigh between 65
and 100 pounds. Orang utans have an arm spread of
about five feet. In the wild, orangutans live for about 35
to 40 years. Orang utans is a herbivores. Orang utans
feed mainly on fruits, especially wild figs. They also eat
other kinds of vegetation, insects, small vertebrates and
birds eggs. Orang utans usually lives in groups.
Orang utans are only found on the islands of Sumatra
and Borneo in Southeast Asia. An estimated 19,000 to
25,000 orang utans live in the wild. Another 900 live in
captivity.

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Why orang utan is facing the threat of
extinction?
Orang utan is threatened by excessive logging.

How to prevent the orang utan from being

extinct?
 Organizing campaign against excessive logging.

 Reforestation.

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