Project Management

An Introduction

Subject: Industrial Project Management

Metallurgy and MaterialsDepartment
Faculty of Engineering – Universitas Indonesia
2018

Dr. Sri Bramantoro Abdinagoro

bram@metal.ui.ac.id
What is Project?
 Project is “an organized effort”
◦ Finishing Engineering Graduate Program
◦ Looking for Job
◦ Building a Plant
◦ Buying a Company
◦ …
◦ Designing and manufacturing Car
◦ Landing a man at planet Mars
What is Project? (2)
“A temporary endeavor undertaken to create a
unique product or service.”*
Te rm Me a n s th a t a P ro je c t
temporary Has a beginning and end
endeavor Involves effort, work
to create Has an intention to produce something
(project "deliverables"
unique One of a kind, rather than a collection of
identical items
product Tangible objects, but could include things like
computer software, film or stage works
service Might include the establishment of a day-care
center, for instance, but not its daily
operations.

Project Management is “Art and Science” discipline

*2000 PMBOK Guide (p. 4).
Product Development Lifecycle
• Product Spec.
• Marketing
• Manufacturing

Prototype

• New Spec.
• Marketing
New Product • New Technology

Product II
 What is Project Management?
• A method to organize works/duties
• A regularly framework to help the group work
productively
• A tool for assisting in the task sequence, dependency
analysis, resource allocation, scheduling, etc.
• A tool for tracking the progress to the plan
 Why we need the Project Management?
 The complexity of the project requires:
 Many people
 Many resources (laboratories, equipment, etc.)
 Many tasks - some tasks must precede other
 Many of the points decision - approval
 Expenditure of funds in stages
 Matching people / resources to tasks
Why we need Project Management?
 Need of POAC
◦ Planning
◦ Organizing
◦ Actuating
◦ Controlling
 Many future activity is activity oriented
team and/or multi-organization
◦ How to help the team work together
◦ Starting a business planning / new business
The purpose of Project Management
 Achieve the project objectives
 Working Thesis - on time
 Making customers happy
 Keeping the team focused on goals
 Gives confidence that the team members worked well
 Everyone shares the load
 …

Scope, Resources,
Schedule & Customers
 General Stages
Pre-
Feasibility
Study Feasibility
Study

idea

Detailed
Engineering
Design

Close-out
Project
Commissioning Execution
and Project
Operation
Evaluation
Tender
Process
Stages of a project
 Stage 1: idea & (pre) feasibility – identifying
project objectives / set up project brief

 Stage 2: design (detailed engineering

design) – develop further project brief / develop concept
& schematic design / Undertake detailed design & detailing /
prepare cost plan & budget

 Stage 3: tendering – issue tender documents /

prepare & submit tender / evaluation of tender / award tenders
/ prepare contract documents

10
Stages of a project

 Stage 4: construction / execution – site

possession & mobilization / undertake procurement
fabrication, installation, construction / carry out contract
admin
 Stage 5: close out (handover &
maintenance) – undertake all testing,
commissioning & training / obtain CF / handover project to
owner /carry out necessary maintenance / Defect
rectification / etc
Project Management Process
 Planning
◦ Project Definition, Scope of works
 The mechanism of joint planning
◦ Tools: Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)
◦ GANTT, PERT, etc. charts - computerized
 Implementation Plan Progress
◦ Communicate and follow-up
 Completing the Project
◦ Managing and controlling
Project Management
Project Management

Project Planning Execution Management

• Define objective • Get objective signed-off
• Define work/tasks • Track plan progress
• Identify resources • Communicate within team
• Plan schedule • Customer communications
• Iterate • Secure resources
• Plan modification • Project discipline

Technical People
How to Start?
 Starting with the core of what do you want to do
 Draw a block diagram of your system
 "Architecture"
 Create a more detailed flow chart
 Identifying modules/workgroups
 Create a benchmark of the final result
 A list of all tasks that may be required in order to
materialize
 Organizing tasks
 Do some or all of the above-mentioned
Planning mechanism
 Set project objectives
 Define work breakdown structure (WBS)
◦ Identify tasks and sub-tasks - report / product
◦ Bottom elements - separate work package
 Identify the relationship between task
 Identify risks that may arise
 Estimate the works (people, time, etc..)
 Create an initial schedule
 Write planning
 Documentation
 Task Dependences and Critical Path
• Sometimes the task B can not start before the
completion of the task A
• Another obstacle types - calendar, delays, etc.
• Critical path - much to the overall project delay
• Useful for knowing what tasks are on the critical path
• Useful for trying to shorten the critical path
Ex: WBS - Buy A House

BuyHouse WBS 2/24/01

` BUY A HOUSE

LOCATION FINANCING FIND HOUSE

- Determine
1 - Criteria 3 6 - Type of House 11
affordability

- Determine
- Visit - Find Real
2 4 mortgage 7 12
Locations Estate Agent
provider

- Lockup
- Look for
5 mortgage 8 13
House
commitment

10 - Closing

Top Down Decomposition, Elemental Tasks

Network Diagrams
TASK PREDECESSOR 5
1-criteria 3 4
3
2-visit loc. 1
1
3-affordability
4-mortgage co 3 6
5-mortg lock 4 2 7
6-type of hse 1 8
7-real est agent 2, 6 9
10
8-look for hse 7
9-offer, P&S 5, 8
10-closing 9

Scheduling Techniques
• PERT – Program Evaluation and Review techniques
• CPM – Critical Path Method
 Buy a House
ek 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4
ID Task Name M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T F S S M T W T
1 BUY HOUSE 2/5
2 LOCATION 2/5
3 Determine location criteria

4 Visit key locations

5 FINANCING 2/5
6 Determine affordability

7 Assess Mortagg Provider

8 Secure Mortagg Commitmt 2/14

9 FIND HOUSE 2/5
10 Type of House

11 Find RealEstate Agent

12 Look for House

13 Make Offer, P&S Agreement

14 Closing 2/24

Simple Gantt Chart View

Some Considerations
 Completeness to assign tasks and its relations
 Time for meetings and communicate
 Range capability of team members
 Experience with similar job / task
 Learning time for new equipment or software
 The availability of specific facilities
Closing
 Project Management – Leading the journey
 Planning is the map that give directions, especially
for a team
◦ The technique is relatively easy and helpful
 Most management is about human
◦ Purpose, discipline, communication
 Risk can not be avoided, planning will eliminate it
 Experience be calculated..
◦ An assessment of the scope of work, time, and risk
QUESTION??????