05 - General Studies & Eng. Aptitude ESE-2018 Prelium Paper - 06-01-2019 Updated PDF

Detailed Solution
General Studies
& Engineering Aptitude
SET - C
1. A committee of 4 is to be formed from among Putting these values in (i), it is verified hence
4 girls and 5 boys. What is the probability that (c) is the correct option.
the committee will have number of boys less
than number of girls? 3. Polar form of the Cauchy-Riemann equations
is
2 4
(a) (b) u v v u
9 9 (a) = r and = r
r  r 
4 1
(c) (d) u 1 v v 1 u
5 6 (b) = and = 
r r  r r 
Ans. (d)
u 1 v v u
Sol. No. of girls = 4 (c) = and = r
r r  r 
No. of boys = 5
u v v 1 u
The committee shall have 4 members. (d) = r and = 
r  r r 
Probability that the committee will have less
Ans. (b)
number of boys than girls
Sol. It is the standard result.
5
C0  4 C4  5C1  4 C3
= 9 4. If f(z) has a pole of order n at z = a, then
C4 Residue of function f(z) at a is
1 1  5  4 21 4  3  2  1 1 1  dn1 
=
9!
=
9876
=
6 (a) Res f(a) = 
(n)  dzn1

(z  a)n1f(z) 
z  a
5! 4!
1  dn1 
u 
n1
(b) Res f(a) = (n  1)  n1 (z  a) f(z)
dz

2. The solution of initial value problem; =  z a
x
u 1  dn1 
2
t
 u, where u(x, 0) = 6e–3x is
(c) Res f(a) = 
(n)  dzn1

(z  a)n f(z) 
z  a
(a) u = 6e–3x+t (b) u = 6e–(2x+2t)
1  dn 1 
(c) u = 6e–(3x+2t) (d) u = 6e–(3x–2t)
(d) Res f(a) = 
(n  1)  dzn1

(z  a)n f(z) 
Ans. (c) z  a
Ans. (d)
u u
Sol. Given DE:  2 u …(i) Sol. If z = z0 is a pole of order ‘m’
x t
then
Using option (c), u = 6 e (3x  2t)
1  dm1 
Res f(z)   (z  z 0 )m f(z) 
u u m  1  dzm 1
 18 e(3x  2t) ,   12 e(3x  2t) z  z0  z  z0
x t
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Detailed Solution
General Studies
Put z0 = a and m = n Ans. (b)
Sol. Project Management is the process which
1  dn1 n  includes initiating the project, developing a
Res f(z)   n1 (z  a) f(z)
za n  1  dz  plan, executing the project as per approved
za
plan, monitoring and controlling the project,
handing over the output of the project to the
5. Consider following diagram : AC is a diameter
client and finally closing the project.
of the large circle and AB = BC.
Product Management is responsible to
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A B
oversee all the aspects of product’s production
is set a product vision and strategy that is
differentiated and delivers unique value based
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on customer demand, define what product will
D C deliver and timeline for implementation,
provide cross functional leadership, most
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The ratio of areas of the large circle to the notably between engineering team, stores,
small circle of a square is distribution, sales, marketing and support.
(a) 4 : 1 (b) 1 : 4 Commertial Management is identification and
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development of business opportunities and
(c) 2 : 1 (d) 1 : 2
profitable management of projects and
Ans. (c) contracts from inoption to completion.
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Sol. Venture management is a discipline that
f ocuses on being both innovativ e and
A x B
challenging in the realm of introducing what
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could be a completely new product or entering

2x x a promising new emerging market.
7. The lowest Eigen value of the 2 × 2 matrix

D C
4 2
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  is
Diameter of large circle (AC) = 2x 1 3
Dia of small circle = x (a) 1 (b) 2

Ratio of area of large circle to small circle = (c) 3 (d) 5
Ans. (b)
( 2x)2
= 2 : 1. Sol. Characteristic equation is given as :
x2
4   2 
6. Which term refers to a single person having   =0
 1 3  
authority to oversee all aspects of a product’s
production scheduling, inventory, dislocation  (4   )(3   )  2 = 0
and sales?
(a) Project management  12  4  3   2  2 = 0
(b) Product management  2  7  10 = 0
(c) Commercial management
(d) Venture management  2  5  2  10 = 0
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Detailed Solution
General Studies
 (  5)  2(  5) = 0 Ans. (b)
Sol. Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) is also know as creslan
  = 2 and 5
61 is a synthetic polycrystaline organic
So, the lowest Eigen value = 2. polymer with linear formula (C3H3N)n.
8. Consider the following statements : It is carbon fibre reinforced polymer.

1. Mobile cranes are sophisticated machines 11. Which of the following measures is/are correct
which are designed for lifting efficiently. for using Mobile Equipment Working Platform
2. Mobile cranes are a versatile and reliable (MEWP)?
means of lifting on site.
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1. Tyres are properly inflated and air filled.
Which of the above statements is/are correct? 2. SW L to be marked in platforms as
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only identification for carrying loads.
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(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 (a) 1 only (b) 2 only
Ans. (b) (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
9. Which of the following statements are correct Ans. (c)

for portable step-ladders?
12. Ozone layer present in the atmosphere
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1. Used on working platforms to gain height protects life on earth by not permitting harmful
above the protected edge
radiations present in the sunlight to penetrate
2. Used in the fully opened position through it. Ozone layer is formed by the
3. Should be of a length that ensures a reaction of
person’s feet are not positioned any higher (a) Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) on oxygen
than the second top rung
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(O2)
Select the correct answer using the codes (b) Chlorine (Cl) on oxygen (O2)
given below :
(c) Solar Ultraviolet rays on oxygen (O2)
(a) 2 and 3 only (b) 1 and 3 only
(d) Chlorine nitrate (ClNO3) on oxygen (O2)
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(c) 1 and 2 only (d) 1, 2 and 3

Ans. (c)
Ans. (b)
Sol. UV-rays are involved in both formation and
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10. Consider the following Repeat Unit Structure : destruction of ozone layer solar UV-rays
H H
strikes on oxygen molecule and atomic oxygen
| | is released, when this atomic oxygen
—C — C— combines with any collisional molecule in
| |
H C—— presence of UV rays then triatomic oxygen/
—N
O3/ozone is formed.
What is the above polymer?
13. The insert command is used in ‘Auto CAD’ to
(a) Poly (amide – imide) insert
(b) Polyacrylonitrile (a) Objects in the current file
(c) Polybutadiene (b) Objects in any file
(d) Polyethylene
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Detailed Solution
General Studies
(c) Blocks in any drawing file Sol. Deming’s systems of profound knowledge
(d) Blocks and wblocks in the current drawing consists of four parts:
Ans. (d) 1. Appreciation of a system –
Sol. The INSERT command is used to insert a understanding the overall processes
block and wblocks from within the current inv olving suppliers, producers, and
drawing (or) and entire drawing file as a block. customers of goods and services.
2. Knowledge of variation – the range and
14. A cone resting on its base in horizontal plane
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causes of variation in quality and use of
(HP) is cut by a plane inclined to the axis and
parallel to one of its generators, the sectional statistical sampling in measurements.
view will be 3. Theory of knowledge – the concepts
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(a) Ellipse (b) Parabola explaining knowledge and the limits of
what can be known.
(c) Hyperbola (d) Circle
4. Knowledge of psychology – concepts
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Ans. (b) of human nature.
Sol. Parabola: A parabola is formed when the
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16. Consider the following statements :
cutting plane is parallel to one of the generator
i.e. ‘    ’ as shown below.. 1. Greenfield Privatization or Incremental
Privatization denotes encouragement to
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Axis private sector in areas hitherto reserved
Parabola for Public Enterprises
Cutting plane 
 2. Cold Privatization refers to measures
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taken to distance Public Enterprises from

  the Government.
W hich of the above statement(s) is/are

correct?
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(a) 1 only (b) 2 only

15. Consider the following components :
(c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2
1. Knowledge of psychology
Ans. (c)
2. Knowledge of the theory of variation
Sol. Greenfield Privatization means private sector
3. Knowledge of process
is allowed to come and compete in areas
4. Knowledge of the system and the theory hitherto reserved for public sector.
of optimization
Cold Privatization means granting greater
Which of the above components comprise the autonomy to Public Enterprises by making
basis of Deming’s Systems of Profound
them sign Memorandum of Understanding in
Knowledge?
order to distance them from the Government.
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only (b) 1, 3 and 4 only
(c) 1, 2 and 4 only (d) 2, 3 and 4 only 17. Which of the following steps are involved in
the product improvement cycle?
Ans. (a)
1. Sell it in the market
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Detailed Solution
General Studies
2. Determine quality of performance chooses a box from an hour’s production, the
probability of it being non-conforming is
3. Design the product based on customer
needs (a) 0.02 (b) 0.10
4. Test it in the laboratory (c) 0.005 (d) 0.05

Ans. (c)
Select the correct answer using the codes
Sol. Probability of being non-conforming
given below :
20
(a) 1 and 3 only (b) 2 and 4 only =  0.005
400
(c) 1, 3 and 4 only (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
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20. Which of the following are relevant factors
Ans. (d) regarding quality in service sectors?
Sol. The product improvement cycle consists of 1. Timeliness of service
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following steps: 2. Customer participation
1. Design the product 3. Company personnel motivation
2. Manufacture the product and test it in the 4. Company culture
laboratory.
3. Sell the product.
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given below :
4. Test the product in service and through (a) 1, 3 and 4 only (b) 1, 2 and 3 only
market research to find out what users
(c) 1, 2, 3 and 4 (d) 2, 3 and 4 only
think about it and why non-users have
not bought it. Ans. (c)
Sol. Service should be provided in a timely manner.
18. W ho is responsible f or establishing,
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The customer should give their feedback and

documenting and maintaining procedures for based on that customised services can be
post-production handling functions such as provided. The service staff should be trained
storage, packaging and delivery? and motivated to provide good quality
(a) Production Manager services. Further, service quality also depends
on the organisation culture.
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(b) Marketing Manager

21. W hich one of the following is a viable
(c) Vendor
alternative to term-loans and are instruments
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(d) Quality Supervisor for raising debt finance by large publicly traded
Ans. (c) firms?
(a) Shares (b) Debentures
Sol. As per ISO 9000-2 clause 4.15, the supplier/
v endor shall establish and maintain (c) Asset loans (d) Gold loans
documented procedures for handling storage, Ans. (b)
packaging, preservation and delivery of Sol. A debenture is a long-term debt instrument
product. that is not secured by physical assets or
collateral and is used by governments and
19. A unit produces packing boxes. Out of hourly
large public traded companies to obtain funds.
production of 4,000 boxes, 20 were found to
It is a certificate of agreement of loans given
be non-conforming. If the inspector randomly
under the company’s stamp.
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Detailed Solution
General Studies
It has an undertaking that holder of debenture Ans. (a)
will get a fixed return and the principal amount
on the maturity of debenture. 26. W hen two or more chemically different
monomers are polymerized to form a cross
22. Which one of the following makes the design, link polymer along with some byproduct such
assembly and operation of complex systems as water, the process is known as
feasible and practical? (a) Crystallographic polymerization
(a) System Architecture (b) Addition polymerization
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(b) Modularization (c) Copolymerization
(c) Standardization (d) Condensation polymerization
(d) Composition
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Ans. (d)
Ans. (b) Sol. It is the formation of polymers by stepwise
Sol. Systems are designed and assembled from inter molecular chemical reaction. There is
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subsystems that themselves are designed and visually a small molecular weight of product
assembled from subsystems and so on. This area as water.
practice, called modularisation, is what makes
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the design, assembly and operation of 27. The number of atoms per unit length whose
complex systems feasible and practical. centres lie on the direction vector for a specific
crystallographic direction is called
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23. Which one of the following schedules shows (a) Linear density
the specific activities necessary to complete
an activity or work package? (b) Theoretical density
(c) Atomic density
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(a) Project schedule (b) Master schedule

(c) Task schedule (d) Internal schedule (d) Avogadro number
Ans. (a) Ans. (a)

No. of atoms in
24. In a stable ceramic crystal structure, a cation that direction
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is surrounded by three anions in the form of Sol. Linear density =

Length of direction
a planar equilateral triangle. The ratio of the vector
cation-anion radius for the crystal is nearly
28. Which of the following features of atoms
(a) 0.16 (b) 0.24
determine the degree to which the solute
(c) 0.32 (d) 0.41 atoms dissolve in the solvent atoms ?
Ans. (a) 1. Atomic size factor
Sol. Limiting radius ratio for planner triangle is lie 2. Crystal structure
in between 0.155-0.225 so, answer is (a).
3. Electronegativity
25. During tensile testing of a material, if cross- (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 1 and 3 only
sectional area of the specimen is doubled,
(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
the load required to produce the same
elongation shall be Ans. (d)
(a) Double (b) Half Sol. It is Hume–Rothery rules which require all 3-
options along with one more.
(c) Same (d) Four times
Option: metal dissolve a metal of higher
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Detailed Solution
General Studies
valency to a greater extent one of lower (a) 0.9 (b) 0.7
valency. (c) 0.5 (d) 0.3
29. A state of ionic compounds wherein there is Ans. (c)
the exact ratio of cations to anions as Sol. The atomic packing fraction or factor of simple
predicted by the chemical formula is cubic is 0.52.
(a) Electroneutrality (b) Stoichiometry
33. Which of the following are the advantages of
(c) Equiliometry (d) Frankel defect coding audiovisual objects?
Ans. (b) 1. It allows interaction with the content
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Sol. Frankel defect is a stoichiometry defect and 2. It improves reusability and coding the
stoichiometry define the electrical neutrality. content
3. It allows content-based scalability
30. The capacity of a material to absorb energy
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when it is deformed elastically and then, upon (a) 1 and 2 only (b) 1 and 3 only
unloading, to have this energy recovered is (c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
called
Ans. (d)
(a) Ductility (b) Tensile strength Sol. Advantages of coding Audio-Visual objects
(c) Elasticity (d) Resilience are: Interaction, Scalability and Reusability.
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Ans. (d)  Coding allows interactivity with the audio-
Sol. Resilience: Ability of the material toa bsorb visual content.
energy when deformed elastically and to  Coding allows reusability of both data and
release the energy when unloaded. Used for tools.
spring. Coding allows scalability to match band-

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Elasticity: Ability of material to region is width etc.

original shape and size instantaneously often
the deformation when unloaded. 34. The transmission of real-time streams across
networks uses Bandwidth Allocation
31. In which one of the f ollowing phase Mechanism (BAM), which is based on
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transformations, there are two compositional (a) Stream peak rate (b) Bucket rate
alternations ?
(c) Token bucket depth(d) Packet size
(a) Incongruent transformations
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Ans. (a)
(b) Congruent transformations
Sol. Transmission of real-time streams over
(c) Non-equilibrium transformations networks is required in multimedia
(d) Equilibrium transformations applications. The streams have variable
bandwidth requirements. This create problem
Ans. (b) when such streams are deliv ered over
Sol. In congruent transformation there is no networks especially internet. To solve this
compositional alternation. problem, differentiated services which uses
bandwidth allocation mechanism (BAM) based
32. In a simple cubic structure, atomic power on stream peak rate can be used.
factor is nearly
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Detailed Solution
General Studies
35. The quality of service provided in a computer 38. The protocol (http), the DNS name of the host,
network is and the file name is identified through
(a) Presentation layer issue (a) Uniform Resource Locator
(b) Session layer issue (b) Web Browser
(c) Network layer issue (c) Web Server
(d) Data link layer issue (d) IP address
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Ans. (c) Ans. (a)
Sol. Quality of Service (QoS) refers to any Sol. URL (Uniform Resource Locator) represents
technology that manages data traffic to reduce an address of a certain file on the TCP/IP
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latency, packet loss and jitter on the network. network and leads a user to a file on any
QoS controls and manages network resources computer connected to the Internet anywhere
by setting priorities for specific types of data in the world.
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on the network. The format is standardized as <the method of
protocol to be used://domain name/the
36. The Pre-echo PE distortions in audio signal
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directory name/the file name>
represents the
Example: <http://www.gmu.edu/departments/
(a) Theoretical limit on compressibility of telecomm/special.html>
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particular signals
 http: – protocol to be used to search for
(b) Imaginary components of a signal the other protocols such as ftp, telnet,
(c) Critical band analysis of signal gopher
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(d) Histogram of the signals  www.gmu.edu – the domain or host name,

the name of the network or the computer
Ans. (a)
you are trying to contact, should be unique
Sol. Pre-echo sometimes called a forword echo in the world
is a digital audio compression artifact where
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 departments/telecomm/ – indicates there

a sound is heard before it occurs. It is most
is a f older or a directory named
noticeable in impulsiv e sounds f rom
department and subdirectory named
percussion instruments such as castanets or
telecomm on the web site’s computer disk,
cymbals. It represents a theoretical limit on should be connected with a slash (/)
the compressibility of particular signal.
 special.html – the file name in the
37. In a computer network, a point-to-point directory, could end with such as html,
transmission, with one sender and receiver is htm, cgi, etc.
called
39. The traditional way to handle forms and other
(a) Unicasting (b) Multicasting interactive Web pages is a system called
(c) Broadcasting (d) Internetworking (a) Graphical User Interface
Ans. (a) (b) Common Gateway Interface
Sol. A point-to-point transmission in a computer (c) Text Based User Interface
network with one sender and one receiver is
(d) Command Line Interface
called unicasting.
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Detailed Solution
General Studies
Ans. (a) and categories in a subject area or domain
Sol. A graphical user interface (GUI) is an interface that shows their property and the relations
through which a user interacts with electronic between them.
devices such as computers, hand-held devices Epistemology: The theory of knowledge,
and other appliances. especially with regards to its methods, validity,
scope and the distinction between justified
40. Pretty Good Privacy (PG) which encrypts the belief and opinion or the philosophical study
data by using a block cipher is used in of beliefs and knowledge.
(a) FTP security Entomology: The study of insects and their
(b) e-mail security relationship to humans, encironment and other
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organisms.
(c) Browser security
Etymology: The origin of a word and the
(d) Bluetooth security
historical development of its meaning.
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Ans. (b)
43. One branch of ethical philosophy claims that
Sol. Pretty good privacy (PGP) is an end-to-end
it is possible to know right from wrong or good
encryption and decryption software. It provides
from bad in a very clear and objective manner,
cryptographic privacy and authetication.
is called
It is used for encrypting and decrypting tests,
(a) Non-Cognitivism (b) Ethical Pluralism
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emails, files, directories and whole disk
partitions and to increase the security of e- (c) Cognitivism (d) Utiliarianism
mail communication. Ans. (c)
41. The core elements of high-level programming Sol. Non-cognitivism: It is a meta-ethical view that
languages are ethical sentences do not express propositions
and thus can not be true or false in an
(a) Keywords, Expressions and Punctuation
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objective manner.
(b) Functions, Keywords and Operators
Ethical pluralism: It is the idea that there are
(c) Keywords, Operators and Punctuation many theories about what is ‘right’ and ‘wrong’
(d) Functions, Expressions and Operators (moral norms) which may be incompatible with
one’s own personal moral norms.
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Ans. (c)
It respects the diversity of ethical norms based
Sol. High-level languages, such as BASIC, C, C++,
on diversity of different societities and their
COBOL, FORTRAN, Ada, and Pascal has a
culture.
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unique set of syntax for organizing program

instructions. Core elements are Punctuation, Cognitivism: It claims that moral judgements
Keywords and Operators. are capable of being objectively true. It is the
meta-ethical view that ethical sentences
42. The philosophical study of beliefs and express propositions and therefore can be true
knowledge is better known as or false. It is based on the philosophy of moral
(a) Ontology (b) Epistemology naturalism.
(c) Entomology (d) Etymology Utilitarianism: It is a consequentialist
philosphy which states that goodness of an
Ans. (b) action depends upon its consequences on the
Sol. Ontology: The branch of metaphysics dealing principle of “greatest happiness of the greatest
with the nature of being or a set of concepts numbers”.
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Detailed Solution
General Studies
Its main proponents were Jeremy Bentham Bomboozing: Alternate prouounciation of
(Act utilitarianism and Hedonism) and John Bamboozling which means to cheat or fool
Stuart Millm (Rule utilitarianism). somebody.
Hoodwinking: To receive or trick somebody
44. Consider the following statements regarding
especially by false appearance or to close
‘Engineering Ethics’.
one’s eye with an obstable to restrict the actual
1. It is the activity of understanding moral reality.
values
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46. Consider the following steps for an individual
2. It resolves the moral issue and justifies
regarding preparation for disclosure of
moral judgements
unethical behavior :
3. It would refer to the set of specifically
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1. Study and document the f acts and
moral problems and issues related to
formulate a plan for an appeal
Engineering.
2. Take up the matter with higher
Which of the above statements are correct ?
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management.
(a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 1 and 2 only
3. Discuss the matter with immediate
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 2 and 3 only supervisor
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Ans. (a) 4. If the internal appeal does not resolve the
Sol. Engineering Ethics as an area of activity conflict, then he should notify the company
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which deals with what ought to be the standard that he intends to continue with an
external review of the problem
moral/ethical behaviour of an engineer as a
professional. hence, statement-1 is correct. What is the correct sequence of order of
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the above steps :

Engineering ethics helps in decision making
with respect to engineering projects and issues (a) 2, 3, 1 and 4 (b) 1,3, 2 and 4
involving a moral/ethical dilemma. Hence, (c) 3, 2, 4 and 1 (d) 1,2, 3 and 4
statement-2 is also correct.
Ans. (b)
Engineering ethics as a branch of applied
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Sol. The chronological steps should be:

ethics which deals with specific controversial
issue of engineering hav ing a moral 1. Study and document the f acts and
dimension. Hence, statement-3 is also correct. formulate a plan for an appeal.
(To back up arguments and strengthen
45. A situation where very high prices are charged the case).
from customers for a limited period of time is
known as 3. Discuss the matter with immediate
supervisor.
(a) Gouging (b) Zipping
2. Take up the matter with higher
(c) Bamboozling (d) Hoodwinking management.
Ans. (a) (The appeal should go through a
Sol. Gouging: An act of engaging in swindling (to systematic communication channel and
deprive some one of money or posessious) competetive authority in order to be
through over charging. solved.)
Zipping: An act of proceeding swiftly and 4. If the internal appeal does not resolve the
energetically. conflict, then he should notify the company
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Detailed Solution
General Studies
that he intends to continue with an Sol. Statement-I and Statement-II corresponds to
external review of the problem. the principle of openness and honesty.
(It is the formal and final step for the case Integrity refers to purity of character i.e. a
to become a case of internal whistle personality trait which is infact irrespective of
blowing). the quantum of the self-interest involved.
47. Which of the following are the attributes of a Independence from secondary interests with
profession ? other parties helps in taking unbiased
1. The work requires sophisticated skills, use decisions leading to justice.
of judgement and exercise of discretion Statement-3 corresponds to the principle of
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2. Membership in the profession does not competence i.e., one should always practice
require extensive formal education as well a profession in his/her domain of competency
as practical training intems of basic skills and discretion as public
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3. There are set standards for admission to interests at large are at stake.
the profession and conduct for members. Statement-4 Discretion-care with communications
4. Significant public good results from is a soft-skill which require proper handling of
practice of the profession issues regarding communications which are
not planned earlier, as if may lead to conflicts
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given below : in the organization.
(a) 1, 2 and 3 only (b) 1, 2 and 4 only 49. When should whistleblowing be attempted?
(c) 1, 3 and 4 only (d) 2, 3 and 4 only 1. There must be a clear and greater harm
Ans. (c) that can be avoided
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Sol. Statement-II is incorrect, as the membership 2. The whistleblower must be in a clear

in the profession does require extensive formal position to report on the problem
education as well as practical training. 3. The whistleblower must hav e a
48. What are the core qualities of a professional reasonable chance of success in stopping
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practitioner ? the harmful activity

1. Integrity both with themselves and with 4. The whistleblower feels that all other lines
others of action within the context of the
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2. Independence-to be free of secondary organization have been explored and shut

interests with other parties off
3. Competence Select the correct answer using the codes

given below :
4. Discretion-care with communications
(a) 1, 2, 3 and 4 (b) 1, 2 and 4 only
given below : (c) 1, 3 and 4 only (d) 2 and 3 only
(a) 1, 2, 3 and 4 (b) 1, 2 and 3 only Ans. (a)
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 3 and 4 only Sol. Statement-I refers to the “Need” aspect of
Ans. (a) Whistleblowing.
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Detailed Solution
General Studies
Statement-2 refers to the “capability” aspect 51. Statement (I) : All projects have constraints
of Whistleblowing. or limitations that inhibit their ability to reach
Statement-4 refers to the “Last resort” aspect goals and objectives.
of Whistleblowing.
Statement (II) : Time and money are universal
Statement-3 refers to a practical approach constraints in projects.
towards Whistleblowing, so that the interests
of Whistleblower also remains intact. Ans. (b)
Sol. All projects have constraints which are limiting
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50. Which of the following are the salient features factors or holding back elements that decide
of the Patent Act 1970 ? upon the boundaries of project which also
1. It codifies inventions which are not inhibit their ability to reach goals and
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patentable objectives.
2. It provides for endorsement of patent with Time and money are universal constraints in
the words ‘license of right’. projects as various models of constraints in
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3. It provides for revocation of patents in projects are:
public interest.
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Scope
4. It has provision for validity period also for
the patents.
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given below :
Cost Time
(a) 1, 2, 3 and 4 (b) 1, 2 and 4 only
Performance Quality
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(c) 1, 3 and 4 only (d) 2 and 3 only

Ans. (a)
Sol. All the given statements are the salient
features of Indian Patent Act, 1970. Cost Time Cost Time
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Directions: Specification Goal
Each of the next Ten (10) items consists of two

statements, one labelled as the ‘Statement (I)’ and
the other as ‘Statement (II)’. You are to examine
these two statements carefully and select the answers Cost Time Cost Time
to these items using the codes given below :
52. Statement (I) : Training should be conducted
Codes: among the line and low management for
(a) Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are ensuring the importance of environmental
individually true and Statement (II) is the correct protection plan.
explanation of Statement (I).
Statement (II) : Environmental science is a
(b) Both Statement (I) and Statement (II) are
dev eloping subject and the people
individually true but Statement (II) is not the
implementing environment strategies should
correct explanation of Statement (I)
remain up to date with the environmental
(c) Statement (I) is true but Statement (II) is false control process.
(d) Statement (I) is false but Statement (II) is true. Ans. (a)
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Detailed Solution
General Studies
Sol. Environmental science is the study of the Ans. (b)
effects of natural /unnatural processes, and
Sol. In branch side polymer are connected to main
the interactions of the physical components
branch not in crosslinked polymer.
of the planet on the environment.
It is developing is nature and is still evolving. 56. Statement (I) : Abrasive ceramics are used
So the scientists, researchers and other to wear, grind, or cut away other material,
people who are implementing v arious which necessarily is softer.
environment strategies and procedures
Statement (II) : The prime requisite for
should be given training; especially persons
abrasive ceramic group of materials is
working in low management.
hardness or wear resistance and a high
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Training and guidance should be given about degree of toughness is essential to ensure
all the environmental control processes and that the abrasive particles do not easily
the importance of environmental protection
fracture.
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plan.
Ans. (a)
It will enhance the efficiency of the people
implementing various environment protection Sol. Abrasive ceramics should have high wear
plan and also improve its implementation. resistance, high degree of toughness so that
they do not shatter during cutting and
53. Statement (I) : Metals having same crystal refractoriness to withstand high temperature
AS
structure will have greater solubility. during cutting.
Statement (II) : Differences in crystal structure
limits the solid solubility. 57. Statement (I) : The prevention costs increase
with the introduction of a quality system and
Ans. (a) may be a significant proportion of the total
Sol. We are using phase stabilizer in alloy based quality costs.
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on the statement-I. Ni is a austenitic stabilizer

Statement (II) : Cross associated with
because of its FCC structure. Likewise Cr is
education and training are not included in the
ferritic stabilizer because of its BCC structure.
prevention costs.
54. Statement (I) : The tie line is constructed Ans. (c)
across the two-phase region at the
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temperature of the alloy. Sol. Prevention costs include the costs associated
with planning, education and training.
Statement (II) : The overall allow composition
Cost of quality = Prevention cost + Appraisal
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is located on the tie line.

cost + Internal failure cost + External failure
Ans. (b)
cost
Sol. Both of the statements are related to lever
Rule for finding the composition of each 58. Statement (I) : An emulator is not a mixture
alloying element in binary phase diagram. of hardware and software and it cannot be
used to test and debut the hardware and
55. Statement (I) : Cross linked polymers may software of an external system.
be synthesized in which side-branch chains
are connected to the main ones. Statement (II) : Part of the hardware of an
emulator is a multiwire cable which connects
Statement (II) : Linear polymers are those in
the host system to the system being
which the repeat units are joined together end
to end in single chains. developed.
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Detailed Solution
General Studies
Ans. (d) Its main objectives are to:
Sol. A emulator is a hardware device or software (a) Predict environmental impacts at an early
program that enables one computer system stage in project planning and design,
(host) to behave like another computer system (b) Find ways and means to reduce adverse
(guest). impacts,
It enables the host system to run software or (c) Shape projects to suit t he local
use peripheral device designed for the guest environment and
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and system. (d) Present the predictions and options to
decision-makers.
59. Statement (I) : Agency-loyalty is acting to fulfill
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EIA assists to achieve both environmental and
one’s contractual duties to an employer.
economic benefits. For e.g. reduced cost and
Statement (II) : Agency-loyalty is entirely a time of project implementation and design,
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matter of actions, whatever its motives. avoided treatment/clean-up costs and impacts
Ans. (b) of laws and regulations.
ASS
Sol. Agency loyalty: It is acting to fulfill one’s Thus, both statements are correct but
Statement (II) is not the reason behind
contractual duties to an employer. There are
statement I. Both are the objectives of
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specified interms of particular tasks for which
Environment Impact Assessment.
one is paid. It is a matter of “Actions”
irrespective of motives. 61. Which of the following is not a component of
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Hence, both the statements are individually ‘Capital Receipts’ ?

correct but statement-II is not the correct (a) Market borrowings including special bonds
explanation of statement-I. (b) External loans raised by the Central
Government from abroad.
60. Statement (I) : An EIA is study of the probable
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changes in socioeconomic and bio-physical (c) Receipts from taxes on property and
capital transactions
characteristics of the environment that may
result from a proposed action. (d) Provident Funds (State Provident Funds
and Public Provident Fund)
Statement (II) : The purpose of an EIA is to
help design projects, which do not disturb the Ans. (c)
quality of the environment by examining Sol. Capital receipts refer are the receipts which
alternatives. are a liability to the government or leads to
reduction in the assets of the government.
Ans. (b)
All kinds of borrowings made by the
Sol. As per the definition provided by UNEP,
government are capital receipts.
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a
But, any kind of tax received by the
tool used to identify the environmental, social
Government is not a capital receipt as it does
and economic impacts of a project prior to
not result in creation of any liability.
decision-making.
Hence, (c) is the answer.
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Detailed Solution
General Studies
62. Which of the following statement is correct process of industrialization, they begin to
with respect to the ‘societal development’. resemble each other more closely.
(a) Behavior grows into habits, habits into The convergence theory became popular in
tradition and tradition becomes custom 1960’s. The main proponent of this theory was
(b) Customs grow into mores and mores grow “Clark Kerr”.
into custom.
64. With respect to the conduct and performance
(c) Behaviours grow into customs and of a company, ‘perfect competition’ refers to
customs grow into traditions
(a) Large number of small firms producing
(d) Folkways grow into tradition and traditions differentiated products
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grow into customs
(b) Complete freedom in economics life and
Ans. (a) absence of rivalry among firms
Sol. Societal development refers to a process by (c) Many companies selling similar products
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which the members of the society and society with free entry
as a whole progress towards a more mature
(d) Sole producer selling a distinct product
state of being. In this process various social
institutions (social facts) are established, Ans. (c)
altered over time based on values (within and Sol. Sole produces selling a distinct product is
beyond the realer of morals/ethics) due to the “Monopoly”.
AS
following process.
Small numbers of large firms having most or
Behaviour
Repeated
Habits
Practiced
Traditions all the sales of distinct products is termed as
Number by many
of times ‘oligopoly’.
Accepted by
the society as Large number of small firms producing
positive morality diff erentiated products may lead to
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Monopolistic competition in future.

Custom
Hence, option (a) and option (d) are wrong.
63. Which one of the following statement is correct Option (b) is also wrong as absence of rivalry
with respect to ‘the convergence theory’ on will lead to monopoly.
social change ?
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Whereas option (c) is correct as “perfect

(a) The societal adaptive culture is changing competition” refers to a situation prevailing in
more slowly market in which buyers and sellers are so
numerous and well informed so that there is
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(b) As societies become modernized, they

begin to resemble one another more freedom of choice.
closely
65. The cheapest method of marketing of
(c) The developed countries show more securities with the only cost incurred being on
growth in social changes than the less sending ‘letters of rights’ to existing holders is
developed countries
(a) Public issue through prospectus method
(d) Strong opposition by old people retards
(b) Offer for sale method
the social change
(c) Rights issue
Ans. (b)
(d) Subscription by inside coterie method
Sol. The ‘convergence theory’ on social change
states that as societies modernize through the Ans. (c)
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Detailed Solution
General Studies
Sol. Rights issue is the most economical method (ii) Creation of resources f or Credit
of raising fresh capital because it includes no Enhancement/Guarantee Facility
underwriting and brokerage costs. (iii) Portfolio Credit Guarantee
Under this method, the shares of an existing (iv) Micro industries
company are off ered to its existing
shareholders and letters of rights are send to
them.
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66. ‘Fiscal policy’ means
(a) Balancing the revenue collection and
expenditure
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(b) Establishing equilibrium between demand
and supply of goods and services
(c) Use of taxtation, public borrowing and
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public expenditure by Government for
purposes of ‘stablization’ or ‘development’
ASS
(d) Deficiency as an instrument of growth
Ans. (c)
Sol. Fiscal policy assists a government to adjust
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its spending levels and tax rates to monitor
and influence the economy of a country. 68. Which of the following is/are the key reasons
Its objective is to maintain the condition of full for encouraging start up Entrepreneurship?
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employment, economic stability and to stabilize 1. Innovations

the rate of growth.
2. Focusing on service industry
67. W hich of the following come under the 3. Bringing the values of proactivity into the
offerings of ‘MUDRA’ Bank? society
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1. Portfolio Credit Guarantee Select the correct answer using the codes
2. Credit for large industries given below:
3. MUDRA Card (a) 1 only (b) 2 only
4. Credit Enhancement (c) 1 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3
Select the correct answer using the codes Ans. (c)
given below: Sol. Key reasons f or encouraging startup
(a) 1,2 and 3 only (b) 1, 3 and 4 only entrepreneurship:
(c) 1, 2 and 4 only (d) 2, 3 and 4 only (i) Innovations
Ans. (b) (ii) New jobs and economic growth
Sol. Product/Offerings of MUDRA: (iii) Bringing new competitive dynamics into
the economic system
(i) MUDRA Card is a debit card, issued
against the MUDRA loadn account which (iv) Promoting the research-innovation system
provides working capital facility as a cash (v) Bringing the values of proactivity into the
credit arrangement. society
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Detailed Solution
General Studies
69. Which of the following are the main objectives From the figure,
of Gold Monetization Scheme launched in the
BD = 70 km
country?
1. To monetize gold holdings in the country
 CD = BC – BD = 110 – 70 = 40 km
OD = AB = 30 km
2. To increase export of gold from the country
3. To reduce India’s import bill OC = OD2  CD2
4. To meet the targets of reduction in fiscal [  ODC is a right angled triangle]
deficit
Select the correct answer using the codes = 302  402 = 50 km
R
given below:
Speed of person = 10 km/hr
(a) 1 and 4 only (b) 2 and 4 only
50
(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1 and 3 only  Time required = = 5 hrs.
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10
Ans. (d)
Sol. The main objectives of Gold Monetization 71. A student purchases some books for Rs. 1600.
Scheme are: If he had bought 8 more books for the same
amount, each book would cost Rs. 10 less.
(i) To mobilise gold held by households and
The number of books he buys is
institutions of the country and facilitate its
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use for produtive purposes. (a) 30 (b) 32
(ii) To reduce country’s reliance on the import (c) 34 (d) 36
of gold. Ans. (b)
70. A person travelled by car 70 km towards north Sol. Let the number of books purchased = x
to A then covered 30 km turning left to B. Rate of each book = R
Again he turned towards left and travelled 110
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km to C. Then he cycled at the rate of 10 km/ Given, x × R = 1600

hour towards the starting point. The time taken 1600
by him to reach the starting point from C will  R = ...(i)
x
be (x + 8) (R – 10) = 1600 …(ii)
(a) 3 hours (b) 5 hours
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Putting the value of R in equation (ii)

(c) 7 hours (d) 21 hours
 1600 
Ans. (b) (x  8)   10  = 1600
x
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 
Sol. The moment of the person can be shown in
the figure below.  (x + 8) (1600 – 10x) = 1600x
30 km  1600x – 10x2 + 12800 – 80x = 1600x
B A N
 –10x2 – 80x + 12800 = 0
W E  x2 + 8x – 1280 = 0
110 km S  x2 + 40x – 32x – 1280 = 0

D O  x(x + 40) – 32(x + 40) = 0
 (x – 32)(x + 40) = 0
C  x = 32 or x = –40 (discarded)
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Detailed Solution
General Studies
72. A hemisphere depression is cut out from one Sol.
face of the cubical wooden block such that x y
the radius r of the hemisphere is equal to half
of the edge of the cube. What will be the
surface area of the remaining solid? Let the length of the rod = l = x + y
Here, x  smaller portion
(a) 2r 2   + 24  (b) r 2   + 24 
y  larger portion
(c) 2r 2   + 36  (d) r 2   + 36 
So, according to question
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Ans. (b)
y
5x  < l
Sol. a 2
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y
r
 5(l  y)  < l
2
a y
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 5l  5y  < l
2
9
Surface area of remaining solid y
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 4l <
2
= (Surface area of 5 remaining square faces)
8
+ (Hemisperical area exposed) + (Area of the  y> l
9
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6th – Square face after cutting the hemisphere)
2 2 2 2
 0.88 l
= 5a  2r  (a  r )
Comparing the options, only option (a) is
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Since, a = 2r greater than this value.
 5  4r 2  2r 2  (4r 2  r 2 ) 9
Hence, y > l.
10
 20r 2  2r 2  4r 2  r 2
74. Which of the following conditions hold good
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 24r  r 2 2 for a train which crosses the bridge of length

l in time t1 and crosses another bridge of
 r 2 (24  ) l
length in time t2?
2
73. A rod of length l is to be divided into two t1
parts, such that if 5 times the smaller portion 1. t2  2. 2t 2  t1
2
is added to half of the larger portion, it will t1
always be less than l . This can be achieved 3. t2 
2
by taking length of the larger portion more
l
than 4. Speed of train is if t1 – t2 = 5
10
9 7 Select the correct answer using the codes
(a) l (b) l given below:
10 8
6 5 (a) 1 and 4 only (b) 2 and 4 only
(c) l (d) l
7 6 (c) 1 and 3 only (d) 2 and 3 only
Ans. (a) Ans. (b)
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Detailed Solution
General Studies
Sol. Suppose length of train = l 0 km/h and the rest by cycle at 10 km/h. Average
speed of the tourist during the journey is
Length of longer bridge = l
(a) 36 km/h (b) 33 km/h
l (c) 24 km/h (d) 18 km/h
Length of shorter bridge =
2
Ans. (c)
Assume speed of train = V0
Total distance
Time to cross longer bridge Sol. Vavg =
L1 L2 L3
 
Total length travelled V1 V2 V3
=
Speed of train L
R
L1 = Journey covered by train @ 60 km/h =
l0  l 2
t1 = V0 ...(i) L
L2 = Journey covered by bus @ 30 km/h =
4
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l L
l0  L3 = Journey covered by cycle @ 10 km/h =
Similarly, t2 = 2 ...(ii) 4
V0
L 1
Now, from eqn. (i) and (ii) Vavg = =
L L L 1 1 1
2 4 4  
l 120 120 40
60 30 10
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(t1 – t2) = 2V
0
Vavg  24 km/h
l
V0 = 2  (t  t ) 76. In a lake, the tip of a bud of lotus is seen 10
1 2
cm above the surface of water. Forced by the
l wind, it gradually moved, and just submerged
V0  (if t1 – t2 = 5 sec)
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10 at a distance of 30 cm. The depth of water at

the root of the lotus plant will be
Again, from eqn. (i) and (ii) (a) 40 cm (b) 50 cm
l l (c) 60 cm (d) 70 cm
t2 l0 
= 2 = 1 2
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t1 Ans. (a)
l0  l (l0  l )
Sol.
t2 1 Bud
l
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t1  l0  Water Due to wind

2 1   level 10 cm
 l 
B 30 cm C
 
 1 1
t2 1   
t1
>   l0  2 
2  2 1  l   (D + 10)
    D
2t 2  t1 Ans.
75. A tourist covers half of his journey by train at

60 km/h, half of the remainder by bus at 30
A
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Detailed Solution
General Studies
AC2 = AB2 + BC2 (a) 13 cm (b) 41 cm
2 2
(D + 10) = D + 3 2 (c) 52 cm (d) 75 cm
D2 + 100 + 20D = D2 + 302 Ans. (b)
Sol.
D  40 cm
77. A man sold a chair and a table together for 40cm 40cm
Rs. 7,600, thereby making a profit of 25% on C
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the chair and 10% on the table. By selling 9cm
R
A
them together for Rs. 7,500 he would make a 9cm
profit of 10% on the chair and 20% on the
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table. Then the cost price of chair and table
will be
(a) Rs. 3000 and Rs. 4000
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AC2 = AB2 + BC2
(b) Rs. 3500 and Rs. 4000
R2 = 92 + 402
(c) Rs. 3000 and Rs. 3500
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R = 41 cm.
(d) Rs. 3500 and Rs. 3500
79. Professionals who breach the ‘duty of care’
Ans. (c)
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are liable for injuries their negligence causes.
Sol. Cost price of chair = Rs. x
This liability is commonly referred to as
Cost price of table = Rs. y
(a) Professional offense
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Case (1) :
(b) Professional negligence
Selling price for chair = Rs. x × (1 + 0.25)
(c) Professional misdeed
Selling price for table = Rs. y × (1 + 0.1)
(d) Professional malpractice
Total selling price = 1.25x + 1.1y
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Ans. (b)
1.25x + 1.1y = 7600 (given) ...(A)
Sol. It Tort law, a duty of care is a legal obligation
Case (2) :
which is imposed on an individual requiring
Selling price for chair = Rs. x(1 + 0.1)
adherence to a standard of reasonable care
Selling price for table = Rs. y(1 + 0.2) while performing an act that could foreseeably
Total selling price = 1.1x + 1.2y harm others. It is called “Prof essional
1.1x + 1.2y = 7500 (Given) ...(B) negligence”.
Solving equation (A) and (B) 80. Information used in a business, generally
x = Rs. 3000 unknown to the public, that the company has
taken strong measures to keep confidential is
y = Rs. 3500
called
78. In two concentric circles, a chord length 80 (a) A patent (b) A copyright
cm of larger circle becomes a tangent to the
smaller circle whose radius is 9 cm. The radius (c) A trade secret (d) A trage mark
of the larger circle will be Ans. (c)
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Detailed Solution
General Studies
Sol. A trade secret refers to a confidential 83. What is the break-even sale for the following
information, unknown to public at large, which products?
has a direct impact on the business of a
commercial entity. Eg. the Google search
algorithm. The trade-secret may cov er
following areas :
 Research & Development information
 Software algorithm
 Inventions (a) Rs. 90,000 (b) Rs. 80,000
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 Designs (c) Rs. 60,000 (d) Rs. 40,000
 Formulas Ans. (d)
 Ingredients
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Sol. Break even point
 Devices
Total fixed expenses
 Methods, etc. =
Weighted average selling price –
Weighted average variable expences
81. Which one of the following tests can be
resorted to in order to check the structural Weighted average selling price
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soundness conformance to the specified
standards, when all other tests fail? 5000 6000 4000
=  10   15   18
(a) Destructive (b) Non-destructive 15000 15000 15000
(c) Full scale load (d) Masonry = 14.133
Ans. (c) Unit variable price
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Sol. As per IS-456 if sample test get fail in all the

5000 6000 4000
test full scale test is used. = 6 4  13
15000 15000 15000
82. Which of the following are the sources of = 7.067
v ariation in quality control process in
Break even point (no. of units)
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construction?
1. Material 20000
=  2831
2. Operator 14.133  7.067
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3. Inspection activity  Break even point in rupees

= 2831 × 14.133
given below:
= Rs. 400010  Rs. 40000.00
(a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 1 and 2 only
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 2 and 3 only 84. Which of the following approaches are correct
Ans. (b) regarding total quality?
Sol. The sources of variation in the construction 1. Opportunity to improve
quality may be the variations in the input raw
material and the variable workforce. Inspection 2. Adoption requires little change
is done to check the quality. 3. React to competitive threats
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Detailed Solution
General Studies
Select the correct answer using the codes 86. BOD of a waste water sample is estimated to
given below: be 180 mg/ l . Assuming 4 mg/ l BOD can be
(a) 1 and 2 only (b) 1 and 3 only consumed in the BOD bottle, the volume of
(c) 2 and 3 only (d) 1, 2 and 3 undiluted sample to be added to a 300 ml
bottle is nearly
Ans. (b)
(a) 6.7 ml (b) 5.6 ml
Sol. TQM involves continuous improvement. It
(c) 4.4 ml (d) 3.3 ml
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requires a complete change in company
culture and management. TQM is a Ans. (a)
continuous improvement for excellence by Sol. BOD = 180 mg/l
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creating the right skills and attitudes in people BOD consumed = 4 mg/l
to make prevention of defects possible and As,
satisfy the customers totally at all times. TQM
BOD = BOD consumed × Dilution factor
T
is an organisation-wide activity that has to
reach every individual within an organisation. Volume of diluted sample
Dilution factor =
Volume of undiluted sample
ASS
TQM should be adopted as it gives an
oppoturunity to improve and it helps in 300
=
profitable survival in reaction to competitive V
MA
threat. 300
 180 = 4 ×
V
85. Which of the following are constraints to the
V  6.67 mg / l
S M

use of TQM in construction process?
1. A transient labour force 87. Venturi scrubber, a device used to remove
particulate matter from the atmosphere, works
2. The construction process is relatively short
on the principle of
in duration
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(a) Settling by gravitational force

3. Hierarchical and vertical organization
(b) Removal by centrifugal force
structure
(c) Removal by electrically charged particles
4. The construction proccess has not
(d) Removal by atomized water vapour
focused on the detailed needs of the
customer Ans. (d)
Sol. Venturi Scrubber uses the differential between
high streaming (velocities) gases and water
given below: flowing in it to produce droplets (atomized
(a) 1 and 4 only (b) 2 and 3 only wat er v apour) which captures the
contaminants and pollutants (Particulate
(c) 1 and 2 only (d) 3 and 4 only
Matter). Thus, pollutants are removed from
Ans. (a) the atmosphere based on the principle of
atomized water vapour.
Sol. The variable and transient nature of workforce
is a major constraint in achieving quality in 88. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is
construction sector. aimed to help
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Detailed Solution
General Studies
(a) Estimate future needs of the society Select the correct answer using the codes
given below:
(b) Smooth implementation of a project
(a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 1 and 2 only
(c) Cope with rapid increase in population
(c) 1 and 3 only (d) 2 and 3 only
(d) Resource conservation
Ans. (b)
Ans. (d)
Sol. Statement 3 is not a limitation of solar energy.
Sol. One of the objectives of Environment Impact It is the advantage and application of solar
Assessment is to protect and conserve the energy. Therefore statement 3 is incorrect.
productivity and capacity of natural system, The first two statements are the limitations of
R
resources and the ecological processes. solar energy.
89. Which one of the following is a terrestrial type 91. Acid rain results when gaseous emissions of
TE
of ecosystem? Sulfur oxides (SOx) and nitrogen oxides (NOx)
interact with water vapour and
(a) Limnetic (b) Estuary
(a) Moonlight, and are chemically converted
(c) Prairie (d) Reefs
to strong acidic compounds such as
Ans. (c) sulfuric acid (H2SO 4) and nitric acid
AS
(HNO3)
Sol. Limnetic is a photic zone in zentic ecosystems
like lake and ponds. (b) Sunlight, and are chemically converted to
strong acidic compounds such as sulfuric
 Estuary is zone and transition between
acid (H2SO4) and nitric acid (HNO3)
river and marine ecosystem.
(c) Moonlight, and are chemically converted
 Prairie is temperate grassland/Terrestrial to weak acidic compounds such as sulfuric
M
type of ecosystem found in great plains acid (H2SO4) and nitric acid (HNO3)
of North America.
(d) Sunlight, and are chemically converted to
 Reefs are found in nestic zone of marine weak acidic compounds such as sulfuric
ecosystem. acid (H2SO4) and nitric acid (HNO3)
S
Ans. (b)
90. What are the limitations of solar energy?
Sol. Acid rain results when gaseous emissions and
1. Collecting solar energy over large areas
SOx (Sulfur oxides) and Nitrogen oxides (NOx)
IE
and converting it to other forms that can interact with water vapour and sunlight.
be conveniently transported, stored and Sunlight releases more moisture into the
used in existing equipment is not atmosphere resulting into acid rain. Acid rain
economical whose main component is sulfuric acid and
2. Low density of solar energy as compared nitric acid is so strong that it can convert lakes
to coal, oil and gas into graveyard of fishes, chlorosis, Necresis
and finest death.
3. Its major applications are photo-thermal
conversion, solar water heating, green 92. The ‘Minamata Tragedy’ was caused by the
housing technology and photo voltaic eating of fish growing in the Minamata Bay
conversion. contaminated with
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Detailed Solution
General Studies
(a) Peroxy alylnitrate The biggest problem is the use of wood and
(b) Methyl isocyanate other plant material for fuel may mean
deforestation, denuding forest, soil erosion and
(c) Potassium cyanide ground water contamination so it is ecological
(d) Methylmercury not highly safe.
Ans. (d) 94. Consider the following data for a domestic
Sol. The release of Methylmercury as industrial biogas plant:
waste that enters into aquatic food chain
RR
Number of cows = 5
(Algae  Zooplanktons  Small fishes 
Retention time = 20 days
Large fishes) through biomagnification and
bioconcentration. Temperature = 30°C
TEE
The cocnentration of Methylmercury was high Dry matter consumed = 2 kg/day
in fishes in minamata bay of Japan. Thus, Biogas yield = 0.24 m3/kg
T
eating these contaminated fishes leads to Efficiency of burner = 60%
Minamata Tragedy/Minamata disease.
Methane proportion = 0.8
ASS
93. What are the advantages of Biomass as a Heat of combustion of Methane = 28 MJ/m3
source of energy?
Density of dry material in fluid = 50 kg/m 3
1. Its storage and transportation is possible The power available from the digester will be
MA
2. It is ecologically safe and is inoffensive nearly
3. Can be developed with present man and (a) 16.2 MJ/day (b) 24.3 MJ/day
S M
material abilities (c) 32.3 MJ/day (d) 48.6 MJ/day

4. Low capital input required Ans. (c)
Select the correct answer using the codes Sol. Power available from the digestor:
given below:
Volume of biogas = Biogas yield × Total mass
IEIES
(a) 1, 2, 3 and 4 (b) 1, 2 and 3 only of dry matter consumed

(c) 1, 3 and 4 only (d) 2, 3 and 4 only (Vbiogass) = 0.24 × 2 × 5 = 2.4 m 3/day
Ans. (c)
P = burner Hmethane  Methane proportion× Vbiogas
Sol. The biomass as a source of energy includes
wood products, dried v egetation, crop = 0.6 × 28 × 0.8 × 2.4
residues, aquatic plants and organic matter
P  32.256 MJ/day
(stored energy) of plants. The organic matter
of plants has stored energy and can be easily
95. The best tool to ensure that there is neither
transferred through the food chain to animal
piling up of stocks nor shortage of materials
bodies and their wastes/excreta that also
in a project to run it economically is
behaves as a source of energy. Biomass has
become one of most commonly used (a) Economic order quantity
renewable sources of energy due to its low (b) ABC analysis
cost and indigenous nature and can be (c) Inventory control and management
developed with present man and material
(d) Gantt chart method
abilities.
SCROLL DOWN
Detailed Solution
General Studies
Ans. (a) (a) Rs. 12,435 (b) Rs. 9,945
Sol. EOQ is the order size at which the sum of (c) Rs. 4,975 (d) Rs. 2,487
carrying cost and ordering cost is minimum. Ans. (a)
Thus, it ensures that neither there is excessive
5000 5000 5000
stock nor there is too less stock.
96. A machine is expected to generate cash Sol. 1 2 3

saving (after-tax) of Rs. 50,000 per annum
over a period of 5 years. Salvage value of P
machine is 40% of the original cost. If Present value of annuity will be
R
accounting rate of return is 20%, cost of two
such machines will be (1  i)n  1
P= A
(a) Rs. 78,125 (b) Rs. 1,56,250 i (1  i)n
TE
(c) Rs. 3,12,500 (d) Rs. 6,25,000  i = 10% per year and n = 3 yrs
Ans. (c)
1.13  1
Sol. Average saving (after-tax) per annum = Rs. P = 5000 
50000.00 0.1 1.13
Salvage value of machine after 5 years = 40% P = 12424.26
AS
Consider initial value/cost of machine = x P = 12435
Note: We can elliminate obtain C and D as
(x  0.4x)
 Depreciation per year =  0.12x they are very small values. If we approximate
5
by binomial theorem.
Average accounting profit = 50000.00 –
1.3  1
M
Depreciation P = 5000   11538.46 (1  x)n  1  nx 

0.1 1.3  
= 50000.00 – 0.12x
 Ans will be on higher side option (a) will
Accounting rate of return
be the ans.
Average accounting profit
S
=  100 98. In a project lif e cycle, the maximum

Initial investment
percentage of effort is done in
50000.00  0.12x (a) Concept phase
IE
  100  20
x (b) Definition phase
 0.32x = 50000.00 (c) Planning and organizing phase
 x = 156250.00 (d) Implementation phase
Cost of 2 machine Ans. (d)
 2x = 2 × 156250.00 = 312500.00 Sol. Cost and staffing levels are low at the start of
97. It is expected to receive Rs. 5,000 annually the project, it increases progressively during
for 3 years with each receipt occurring at the planning phase, reaches to peak in execution
end of the year. With a discount rate of 10%, phase (or Implementation phase). Finally
the present value of the annuity will be nearly drops in closing phase.
SCROLL DOWN
Detailed Solution
General Studies
Ans. (a)
Initiation
phase Planning Execution Implementation Closing
Phase Phase Phase Phase
100. In principle, the network should not be made
Cost and Staffing Level
complex. No control system, for that matter,

can operate unless it is kept simple. This
principle is called
(a) CPM (b) PERT
RR
Project Project Accepted Archived
(c) KISS (d) GERT
Charter Management Deliverables Project
Plan Documents Ans. (c)
Project Time
Sol. KISS stands for “keep it simple, stupid”. It is
TEE
99. In progress of a project, the percentage of a design principle invented by V.S. Navy. It
error will be less in states that most ystem work best if they are
T
(a) Definitive cost estimate kept simple rather than made complicated,
(b) Detailed estimate therefore simplicity should be a key goal in
design and unnecessary complexity should
ASS
(c) Preliminary estimate
be avoided.
(d) Study estimate
MA
S M
IEIES
SCROLL DOWN

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Detailed Solution

could be a completely new product or entering

7. The lowest Eigen value of the 2 × 2 matrix

Dia of small circle = x (a) 1 (b) 2

8. Consider the following statements : It is carbon fibre reinforced polymer.

9. Which of the following statements are correct Ans. (c)

(c) 1 and 2 only (d) 1, 2 and 3

taken to distance Public Enterprises from

W hich of the above statement(s) is/are

(a) 1 only (b) 2 only

4. Test it in the laboratory (c) 0.005 (d) 0.05

The customer should give their feedback and

(b) Marketing Manager

(a) Project schedule (b) Master schedule

Ans. (a) Ans. (a)

is surrounded by three anions in the form of Sol. Linear density =

Elasticity: Ability of material to region is width etc.

(d) Histogram of the signals  www.gmu.edu – the domain or host name,

 departments/telecomm/ – indicates there

unique set of syntax for organizing program

the above steps :

Sol. The chronological steps should be:

Sol. Statement-II is incorrect, as the membership 2. The whistleblower must be in a clear

practitioner ? the harmful activity

2. Independence-to be free of secondary organization have been explored and shut

3. Competence Select the correct answer using the codes

(c) 1, 3 and 4 only (d) 2 and 3 only

Directions: Specification Goal

Each of the next Ten (10) items consists of two

on the statement-I. Ni is a austenitic stabilizer

is located on the tie line.

Hence, both the statements are individually ‘Capital Receipts’ ?

Monopolistic competition in future.

Whereas option (c) is correct as “perfect

(b) As societies become modernized, they

employment, economic stability and to stabilize 1. Innovations

km to C. Then he cycled at the rate of 10 km/ Given, x × R = 1600

Putting the value of R in equation (ii)

110 km S  x2 + 40x – 32x – 1280 = 0

Since, a = 2r greater than this value.

 24r  r 2 2 for a train which crosses the bridge of length

10 at a distance of 30 cm. The depth of water at

t1  l0  Water Due to wind

75. A tourist covers half of his journey by train at

Sol. As per IS-456 if sample test get fail in all the

3. Inspection activity  Break even point in rupees

(a) Settling by gravitational force

material abilities (c) 32.3 MJ/day (d) 48.6 MJ/day

(a) 1, 2, 3 and 4 (b) 1, 2 and 3 only of dry matter consumed

96. A machine is expected to generate cash Sol. 1 2 3

Depreciation P = 5000   11538.46 (1  x)n  1  nx 

=  100 98. In a project lif e cycle, the maximum

complex. No control system, for that matter,

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