DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES, IIT (BHU)

ODD SEMESTER 2019-20

MA102 – ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS-II
TUTORIAL 2

(1) Let V = {(a1 , a2 ) | a1 , a2 ∈ R}. For (a1 , a2 ), (b1 , b2 ) ∈ V and c ∈ R, define

(a1 , a2 ) + (b1 , b2 ) = (a1 + b1 , a2 + b2 ) and
(
(0, 0), if c = 0
c(a1 , a2 ) = a2


ca1 , c , if c 6= 0.
Is V a vector space over R with these operations?

(2) Let V = {(a1 , a2 ) | a1 , a2 ∈ R}. For (a1 , a2 ), (b1 , b2 ) ∈ V and c ∈ R, define

(a1 , a2 ) + (b1 , b2 ) = (a1 + 2b1 , a2 + 3b2 ) and
c(a1 , a2 ) = (ca1 , ca2 ).
Is V a vector space over R with these operations?

(3) Which of the following are subspaces of R3 ?

(a) W1 = {(x1 , x2 , x3 ) ∈ R3 | x1 − 2x2 + 3x3 = 0}.
(b) W2 = {(x1 , x2 , x3 ) ∈ R3 | x1 = 3x2 and x3 = −x2 }.
(c) W1 = {(x1 , x2 , x3 ) ∈ R3 | x1 = x3 + 5}.

(4) Which of the following are subspaces of Mn (R)?

(a) W1 = {A ∈ Mn (R) | A is diagonal}.
(b) W2 = {A ∈ Mn (R) | tr(A) = 0}.
(c) W1 = {A ∈ Mn (R) | det(A) = 0}.

(5) Does the vector (3, −1, 0, −1) belong to the subspace of R4 spanned by the vectors
(2, −1, 3, 2), (−1, 1, 1, −3) and (1, 1, 9, 5)?

(6) Let u = (1, 3, 5) and v = (−3, 5, 0), and W = {au + bv | a, b ∈ R}. Is W a subspace
of R3 ?

(7) In the vector space R3 , consider the vectors u = (4, 3, 5), v = (0, 1, 3), w = (2, 1, 1)
and z = (4, 2, 3).
(a) Is u a linear combination of v and w?
(b) Is v a linear combination of w and z?
(8) Determine whether the following sets are linearly dependent.
   
1 −3 −2 6
(a) , in M2 (R).
2 4 4 −8
(b) {x3 + 2x2 , −x2 + 3x + 1, x3 − x2 + 2x − 1} in P3 (R).
(c) {(1, −1, 2), (2, 0, 1), (−1, 2, −1)} in R3 .
(d) {(2, 3, 1, 4), (3, 2, 1, 4), (1, 1, 1, 1)} in R4 .
(9) Determine k so that S = {(k, 1, −1), (0, k, 1), (1, 1, k)} is linearly dependent in R3 .