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Ɉɪɢɝɢɧɚɥɧɢɧɚɭɱɧɢɪɚɞ
ɍȾɄij
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ɇɟɛɨʁɲɚɉɨɪɱɢʄ
ɍɧɢɜɟɪɡɢɬɟɬɭȻɟɨɝɪɚɞɭ
Ɏɢɥɨɡɨɮɫɤɢɮɚɤɭɥɬɟɬ
Ɉɞɟʂɟʃɟɡɚɢɫɬɨɪɢʁɭ
ȾȼȺɉɍɇɈɆɈȶȳȺȼɈȳȼɈȾȿɋȺɇȾȺȴȺɏɊȺɇɂȶȺ
ɁȺɉɊɂȻɂɋȺȼȺɉɈɏȼȺɅɂȶȺ
,ɢɡɦɟɻɭɢɦɚɪɬɚɝɨɞɢɧɟ
,,ɨɤɬɨɛɚɪɝɨɞɢɧɟ
Ɇɟɻɭɫɚɱɭɜɚɧɢɯɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɚɬɚɜɨʁɜɨɞɟɋɚɧɞɚʂɚɏɪɚɧɢʄɚɨɛɥɚɫɧɨɝ
ɝɨɫɩɨɞɚɪɚʁɭɝɨɢɫɬɨɱɧɨɝɞɟɥɚɫɪɟɞʃɨɜɟɤɨɜɧɟɛɨɫɚɧɫɤɟɞɪɠɚɜɟɤɪɚʁɟɦ;,9
ɢɭɩɪɜɢɦɞɟɰɟɧɢʁɚɦɚ;9ɜɟɤɚɧɚɥɚɡɟɫɟɢɞɜɚɨɪɢɝɢɧɚɥɧɚɩɭɧɨɦɨʄʁɚɡɚ
ɩɨɫɥɚɧɢɤɚɉɪɢɛɢɫɚɜɚɉɨɯɜɚɥɢʄɚ1ɂɡʃɢɯɨɜɢɯɬɟɤɫɬɨɜɚɨɩɨɫɥɚɧɢɤɨɜɢɦ
ɡɚɞɚɰɢɦɚɦɨɠɟɫɟɫɚɡɧɚɬɢɬɟɤɬɨɥɢɤɨɞɚɫɭɭɨɛɚɧɚɜɪɚɬɚɩɨɞɪɚɡɭɦɟɜɚɥɢ
ɩɪɟɝɨɜɨɪɟ ɫɚ ɜɥɚɫɬɢɦɚ ɝɪɚɞɚ Ⱦɭɛɪɨɜɧɢɤɚ ɇɟɦɚ ɱɚɤ ɧɢ ɩɪɟɰɢɡɧɢɯ
ɯɪɨɧɨɥɨɲɤɢɯɩɨɞɚɬɚɤɚ±ɞɚɬɭɦɫɟʁɚɜʂɚɫɚɦɨɭʁɟɞɧɨɦɫɥɭɱɚʁɭɚɥɢɛɟɡ
ɧɚɜɨɻɟʃɚɝɨɞɢɧɟɂɩɚɤɡɚɯɜɚʂɭʁɭʄɢɛɟɥɟɲɤɚɦɚɨɞɚɬɭɦɭɩɪɢʁɟɦɚɤɨʁɟ
ɫɭɧɚɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɟɞɨɩɢɫɚɥɢɞɭɛɪɨɜɚɱɤɢɩɢɫɚɪɢɨɛɚɋɚɧɞɚʂɟɜɚɩɭɧɨɦɨʄʁɚ
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ȿɥɩɨɲɬɚQHERMVDSRUFLF#IEJDFUV
1
ɂɫɬɨɪɢʁɫɤɭ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬ ɋɚɧɞɚʂɚ ɏɪɚɧɢʄɚ ɧɟɞɚɜɧɨ ʁɟ ɦɨɧɨɝɪɚɮɫɤɢ ɨɛɪɚɞɢɨ
(Ʉɭɪɬɨɜɢʄ9HOLNLYRMYRGDERVDQVNL6DQGDOM+UDQLü.RVDþD6DUDMHYRɞɨɤɰɟɥɨɜɢɬ
ɩɪɢɤɚɡɠɢɜɨɬɚɢɞɟɥɚɬɧɨɫɬɢɉɪɢɛɢɫɚɜɚɉɨɯɜɚɥɢʄɚɞɨɧɨɫɢ$6PLOMDQLü3RþWHQLYLWH]
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21
ɇɟɛɨʁɲɚɉɨɪɱɢʄ
ɦɨɝɭɫɟɫɦɟɫɬɢɬɢɭɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɞɪɭɝɢɯɫɚɞɪɠɚʁɧɨɛɨɝɚɬɢʁɢɯɫɜɟɞɨɱɚɧɫɬɚɜɚ
ɨɨɞɧɨɫɢɦɚɢɡɦɟɻɭɞɜɟʁɭɫɬɪɚɧɚ
Ʉɪɚʄɟ ɢɡɜɨɪɧɨ ɧɟɞɚɬɢɪɚɧɨ ɩɭɧɨɦɨʄʁɟ ɧɨɫɢ ɤɚɨ ɞɚɬɭɦ ɩɪɢʁɟɦɚ
ɦɚɪɬɝɨɞɢɧɟɋɚɦɨɬɪɢɞɚɧɚɤɚɫɧɢʁɟɞɭɛɪɨɜɚɱɤɟɜɥɚɫɬɢɢɡɞɚɥɟ
ɫɭɩɢɫɚɧɭɩɨɬɜɪɞɭɨɬɨɦɟɞɚɢɦʁɟɉɪɢɛɢɫɚɜɉɨɯɜɚɥɢʄɧɚɫɬɭɩɚʁɭʄɢɫɚ
ɩɭɧɨɦɨʄʁɢɦɚɜɨʁɜɨɞɟɋɚɧɞɚʂɚɢʃɟɝɨɜɟɬɚɲɬɟɛɚɧɢɰɟȺɧɤɟɩɪɟɞɚɨɧɚ
ɱɭɜɚʃɟɞɜɚɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɤɨʁɢɦɚɜɨʁɜɨɞɚɢɛɚɧɢɰɚɨɛɟʄɚɜɚʁɭʁɟɞɧɨɞɪɭɝɨɦ
ɡɚʁɟɞɧɢɲɬɜɨɢɱɚɫɧɭʂɭɛɚɜɢɩɪɢʁɚɬɟʂɫɬɜɨ2ɉɪɜɨɩɭɧɨɦɨʄʁɟɉɪɢɛɢɫɚɜɭ
ɉɨɯɜɚɥɢʄɭɨɱɢɝɥɟɞɧɨɫɟɞɚɤɥɟɬɢɰɚɥɨɨɜɨɝɩɨɫɥɚɒɬɚɜɢɲɟɩɨɲɬɨʁɟ
ɋɚɧɞɚʂɟɜɚɢɡʁɚɜɚɨɩɪɢʁɚɬɟʂɫɬɜɭɫɚɛɚɧɢɰɨɦȺɧɤɨɦɫɚɱɭɜɚɧɚɢɩɨɲɬɨ
ɭʃɨʁɫɬɨʁɢɞɚʁɟɢɡɞɚɬɚɦɚɪɬɚɝɨɞɢɧɟɭɝɪɚɞɭɇɨɜɨɦɭɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ
Ⱦɪɚɱɟɜɢɰɢɦɨɠɟɫɟɡɚɤʂɭɱɢɬɢʁɨɲɢɬɨɞɚʁɟɩɭɧɨɦɨʄʁɟɦɨɪɚɥɨɧɚɫɬɚɬɢ
ɢɡɦɟɻɭɢɦɚɪɬɚɝɨɞɢɧɟɜɟɪɨɜɚɬɧɨɬɚɤɨɻɟɭɇɨɜɨɦɢɥɢʃɟɝɨɜɨʁ
ɨɤɨɥɢɧɢ
ɇɚɞɪɭɝɨɦɩɭɧɨɦɨʄʁɭɤɨʁɟɧɨɫɢɢɡɜɨɪɧɢɞɚɬɭɦɦɟɫɟɰɚɨɤɬɨɛɪɚ
ɞɚɧ ɧɚ ȴɭɛɨɦɢɪɭ ɫɬɨʁɢ ɡɚɛɟɥɟɲɤɚ ɞɚ ʁɟ ɩɪɢɦʂɟɧɨ ɨɤɬɨɛɪɚ
ɝɨɞɢɧɟɌɢɦɟɫɟɨɧɨʁɚɫɧɨɩɨɜɟɡɭʁɟɫɚɬɪɢɡɚɩɢɫɚɭɧɟɫɟɧɚɭɞɭɛɪɨɜɚɱɤɭ
ɤɚɧɰɟɥɚɪɢʁɫɤɭ ɤʃɢɝɭ ɢɡɦɟɻɭ ɨɤɬɨɛɪɚ ɢ ɧɨɜɟɦɛɪɚ ɢɫɬɟ ɝɨɞɢɧɟ
± ɩɪɜɢ ɨɞ ʃɢɯ ɛɟɥɟɠɢ ɞɚ ʁɟ ɉɪɢɛɢɫɚɜ ɉɨɯɜɚɥɢʄ ɧɚɫɬɭɩɚʁɭʄɢ ɭ ɢɦɟ
ɜɨʁɜɨɞɟ ɋɚɧɞɚʂɚ ɢ ɫɚ ʃɟɝɨɜɢɦ ɩɭɧɨɦɨʄʁɟɦ ɩɨɥɨɠɢɨ ɭ Ⱦɭɛɪɨɜɧɢɤɭ
2
Ʉȳɢɪɟɱɟɤɋɩɨɦɟɧɢɰɢɫɪɩɫɤɢɛɪ
Ɉ ɨɤɨɥɧɨɫɬɢɦɚ ɤɨʁɟ ɫɭ ɞɨɜɟɥɟ ɞɨ ɪɚɡɦɟɧɟ ɢɡʁɚɜɚ ɢɡɦɟɻɭ ɜɨʁɜɨɞɟ ɋɚɧɞɚʂɚ ɢ
ɛɚɧɢɰɟȺɧɤɟɜɢɞɟɬɢ(.XUWRYLü9HOLNLYRMYRGDERVDQVNL6DQGDOM±ɉɨɪɟɞɬɨɝɚɭ
ɜɪɟɦɟɉɪɢɛɢɫɚɜʂɟɜɨɝɩɨɫɥɚɧɫɬɜɚɢɡɭɨɞɧɨɫɢɦɚɢɡɦɟɻɭɋɚɧɞɚʂɚɢȾɭɛɪɨɜɧɢɤɚ
ɛɢɥɟɫɭɚɤɬɭɟɥɧɟʁɨɲɞɜɟɬɟɦɟ±Ⱦɭɛɪɨɜɱɚɧɢɫɭɦɚɪɬɚɨɞɥɭɱɢɥɢɞɚɭɩɭɬɟɜɨʁɜɨɞɢ
ɩɨɫɥɚɧɢɤɟɫɚɡɚɯɬɟɜɨɦɞɚɭɤɢɧɟɞɜɟɰɚɪɢɧɚɪɧɢɰɟɞɨɤɫɭɢɦɚɪɬɚɭɞɜɚɧɚɜɪɚɬɚ
ɪɟɲɢɥɢ ɞɚ ɨɞɛɢʁɭ ʃɟɝɨɜ ɡɚɯɬɟɜ ɡɚ ɭɫɬɭɩɚʃɟɦ ɞɜɟʁɭ ɝɚɥɢʁɚ ɡɚ ɩɪɟɜɨɡ ɛɚɧɢɰɟ Ⱥɧɤɟ ɢ
ʃɟɧɟ ɤʄɟɪɤɟ ɋɚɧɞɚʂɟɜɟ ɫɭɩɪɭɝɟ Ʉɚɬɚɪɢɧɟ ɞɨ Ɂɚɞɪɚ 1 ,RUJD 1RWHV HW H[WUDLWV SRXU
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ɏɟɪɰɟɝɇɨɜɢ±ɭɩȽɉȻ±ɉȾɪɚɝɢɱɟɜɢʄɢɅɟɤɫɢɤɨɧɝɪɚɞɨɜɚɢɬɪɝɨɜɚ
ɫɪɟɞʃɨɜɟɤɨɜɧɢɯ ɫɪɩɫɤɢɯ ɡɟɦɚʂɚ ɩɪɟɦɚ ɩɢɫɚɧɢɦ ɢɡɜɨɪɢɦɚ ɪɟɞ ɋ Ɇɢɲɢʄ Ȼɟɨɝɪɚɞ
±ɄɆɢɬɪɨɜɢʄɫɚɭɩɭɬɧɢɰɚɦɚɧɚɢɡɜɨɪɧɟɩɨɞɚɬɤɟɢɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɭ
ɉɨɫɥɚɧɫɬɜɨɤɨʁɟɫɭȾɭɛɪɨɜɱɚɧɢɧɚɦɟɪɚɜɚɥɢɞɚɭɩɭɬɟɋɚɧɞɚʂɭɦɚɪɬɚɬɪɟɛɚɥɨ
ʁɟ ɞɚ ɢɞɟ ɭ ɋɭɬɨɪɢɧɭ Ɍɚʁ ɧɚɡɢɜ ɨɡɧɚɱɚɜɚɨ ʁɟ ɨɛɥɚɫɬ ɨɤɨ ɢɫɬɨɢɦɟɧɟ ɪɟɱɢɰɟ ɧɟɤɨɥɢɤɨ
ɤɢɥɨɦɟɬɚɪɚɡɚɩɚɞɧɨɨɞɇɨɜɨɝɤɚɨɢɫɨɥɫɤɢɬɪɝɤɨʁɢʁɟɬɭɭɫɩɨɫɬɚɜʂɟɧ±ɭɩɅɟɤɫɢɤɨɧ
ɝɪɚɞɨɜɚ±ɄɆɢɬɪɨɜɢʄɈɛɥɢɫɤɨɫɬɢɞɜɟɥɨɤɚɰɢʁɟɫɜɟɞɨɱɢɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɢɡ
ɝɨɞɢɧɟɭɤɨɦɫɟɝɨɜɨɪɢɨɞɨɜɨɠɟʃɭɫɨɥɢɩɨɞɇɨɜɢɭɋɭɬɨɪɢɧɭɆɉɭɰɢʄɋɩɨɦɟɧɢɰɢ
ɫɪɩɫɤɢ , ɛɪ ɒɬɚɜɢɲɟ ɤɚɤɨ ɬɜɪɞɢ 0 9HJR 1DVHOMD ERVDQVNH VUHGQMHYMHNRYQH
GUåDYH6DUDMHYR±ɧɚɡɢɜɋɭɬɨɪɢɧɚɤɨɪɢɲʄɟɧʁɟɢɤɚɨɞɪɭɝɨɢɦɟɡɚɝɪɚɞɇɨɜɢ
22
Ⱦɜɚɩɭɧɨɦɨʄʁɚɜɨʁɜɨɞɟɋɚɧɞɚʂɚɏɪɚɧɢʄɚ
ɞɟɩɨɡɢɬ ɩɨɤɥɚɞ ɱɢʁɚ ʁɟ ɭɤɭɩɧɚ ɜɪɟɞɧɨɫɬ ɩɪɨɰɟʃɟɧɚ ɧɚ ɩɪɟɤɨ
ɞɭɤɚɬɚɢɩɪɟɰɢɡɢɪɚɭɫɥɨɜɟʃɟɝɨɜɨɝɩɨɞɢɡɚʃɚɞɪɭɝɢɩɢɫɚɧɪɭɤɨɦɫɚɦɨɝ
ɉɪɢɛɢɫɚɜɚ ɫɚɨɩɲɬɚɜɚ ɞɚ ɫɟ ɩɪɟɬɯɨɞɧɢ ɡɚɩɢɫ ɭɫɥɟɞ ɧɟɤɢɯ ɧɟɫɥɚɝɚʃɚ
ɩɨɧɢɲɬɚɜɚ ɞɨɤ ɬɪɟʄɢ ɞɨɧɨɫɢ ɧɨɜɢ ɭɫɚɝɥɚɲɟɧɢ ɬɟɤɫɬ ɨ ɢɫɬɨɦ ɩɨɫɥɭ
ɉɨɪɟɞ ɬɨɝɚ ɉɪɢɛɢɫɚɜ ʁɟ ɨɜɨɦ ɩɪɢɥɢɤɨɦ ɢɦɚɨ ɧɚʁɦɚʃɟ ʁɨɲ ʁɟɞɚɧ
ɡɚɞɚɬɚɤ±ɨɤɬɨɛɪɚɨɧʁɟɩɨɧɨɜɨɭɫɜɨʁɫɬɜɭɜɨʁɜɨɞɢɧɨɝɨɩɭɧɨɦɨʄɟɧɨɝ
ɢɡɚɫɥɚɧɢɤɚɭɫɬɭɩɢɨɞɭɛɪɨɜɚɱɤɨɦɜɥɚɫɬɟɥɢɧɭɌɟɨɞɨɪɭɉɪɨɞɚɧɱɢʄɭɧɟɤɟ
ɋɚɧɞɚʂɟɜɟɩɨɫɟɞɟɢɡɧɚɞɊɢʁɟɤɟȾɭɛɪɨɜɚɱɤɟ
Ɉɩɢɫɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɚɬɚ
ɈɪɢɝɢɧɚɥɩɭɧɨɦɨʄʁɚɢɡɝɨɞɢɧɟɧɚɥɚɡɢɫɟɭȾɪɠɚɜɧɨɦɚɪɯɢɜɭ
ɭȾɭɛɪɨɜɧɢɤɭɡɛɢɪɤɚ0LVFHOODQHD9XþHWLü0DVVD1HJULQL,ɛɪɌɟɤɫɬʁɟ
ɢɫɩɢɫɚɧɞɨɫɬɚɝɪɭɛɨɦɦɢɧɭɫɤɭɥɨɦɧɚɧɚɦɟɧɫɤɢɢɫɟɱɟɧɨɦɤɨɦɚɞɭɩɚɩɢɪɚ
ɜɢɫɢɧɟɨɤɨɢɲɢɪɢɧɟɨɤɨɦɦɦɚɫɬɢɥɨɦɱɢʁɚɫɟɞɚɧɚɲʃɚɛɨʁɚɦɨɠɟ
ɨɩɢɫɚɬɢɤɚɨɫɢɜɨɩɥɚɜɚɉɚɩɢɪʁɟɩɨɬɨɦɡɚɤɥɨɩʂɟɧɩɪɟɫɚɜɢʁɚʃɟɦɞɜɚɩɭɬ
ɩɨ ɜɢɫɢɧɢ ɢ ʁɟɞɧɨɦ ɩɨ ɲɢɪɢɧɢ ɧɚɤɨɧ ɱɟɝɚ ʁɟ ɫɚ ɝɥɚɬɤɟ ɫɩɨʂɧɟ ɫɬɪɚɧɟ
ɢɫɩɢɫɚɧɚɚɞɪɟɫɚɞɨɤɫɟɫɚɞɪɭɝɟɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɚɫɚɫɬɚɜɭɩɪɟɫɚɜɢʁɟɧɢɯɤɪɚʁɟɜɚ
ɧɚɥɚɡɢ ɨɬɢɫɚɤ ɦɚɥɨɝ ɬɢɩɚɪɚ ɭ ɨɛɥɢɤɭ ɭɫɩɪɚɜɧɨɝ ɨɜɚɥɚ ɢɥɢ ɨɫɦɨɭɝɥɚ
ɩɪɟɱɧɢɤɚɨɤɨɯɦɦɭɬɢɫɧɭɬɭɜɨɫɚɤɦɪɤɟɛɨʁɟɉɟɱɚɬɧɚɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɚ
ʁɟɞɨɫɬɚɨɲɬɟʄɟɧɚɚɥɢʁɚɫɧɨʁɟɞɚɫɟɪɚɞɢɨɢɫɬɨɦɨɧɨɦɪɟɲɟʃɭɤɨʁɟɫɟ
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ɋɚ ɨɜɚɤɜɢɦ ɨɛɟɥɟɠʁɢɦɚ ɋɚɧɞɚʂɟɜɢ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɢ ɢɡ ɢ
ɝɨɞɢɧɟɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜʂɚʁɭɫɟɤɚɨɬɢɩɢɱɧɢɩɪɢɦɟɪɰɢɩɨɫɥɚɧɢɱɤɢɯɩɭɧɨɦɨʄʁɚ
ɢɡ ɫɥɨɜɟɧɫɤɨɝ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɚ ɛɨɫɚɧɫɤɟ ɫɪɟɞʃɨɜɟɤɨɜɧɟ ɞɢɩɥɨɦɚɬɢɱɤɟ
ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢʁɟ Ⱦɨɞɭɲɟ ɨɜɚ ɝɪɭɩɚ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɚɬɚ ɛɪɨʁɢ ʁɨɲ ɫɚɦɨ ɨɫɚɦ
ʁɟɞɢɧɢɰɚɤɨʁɟɫɭɫɜɟɜɟɡɚɧɟɡɚɨɞɧɨɫɟɫɚȾɭɛɪɨɜɧɢɤɨɦɚɥɢɫɨɛɡɢɪɨɦɧɚ
ɬɨɞɚɩɨɬɢɱɭɨɞɪɚɡɥɢɱɢɬɢɯɚɭɤɬɨɪɚɢɡɚɯɜɚɬɚʁɭɪɚɡɞɨɛʂɟɨɞɛɥɢɡɭɫɬɨ
ɝɨɞɢɧɚ ɱɢɧɢ ɫɟ ɞɚ ɢɯ ʁɟ ɢɩɚɤ ɦɨɝɭʄɟ ɩɪɢɯɜɚɬɢɬɢ ɤɚɨ ɪɟɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɬɢɜɚɧ
ɭɡɨɪɚɤ12 ɋɜɟ ɬɟ ʁɟɞɢɧɢɰɟ ɬɚɤɨɻɟ ɫɭ ɩɪɢɪɟɻɟɧɟ ɤɚɨ ɡɚɬɜɨɪɟɧɚ ɩɢɫɦɚ
12
ɊɟɱʁɟɨɞɜɚɩɭɧɨɦɨʄʁɚɤɪɚʂɚɈɫɬɨʁɟɢɡɢɄȳɢɪɟɱɟɤɋɩɨɦɟɧɢɰɢ
ɫɪɩɫɤɢɛɪɢɩɨʁɟɞɧɨɦɤɪɚʂɚɌɜɪɬɤɚ,ɢɡȾȳɟɱɦɟɧɢɰɚȽɉȻ
Ⱦɜɚɩɭɧɨɦɨʄʁɚɜɨʁɜɨɞɟɋɚɧɞɚʂɚɏɪɚɧɢʄɚ
ɇɟɛɨʁɲɚɉɨɪɱɢʄ
ɉɪɨɫɨɩɨɝɪɚɮɫɤɢɩɨɞɚɰɢ
ɍɪɚɧɢʁɢɦɛɪɨʁɟɜɢɦɚȽɪɚɻɟɨɩɪɨɲɥɨɫɬɢȻɨɫɧɟɜɟʄɫɭɨɛʁɚɲʃɟɧɟ
ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢɜɨʁɜɨɞɚɋɚɧɞɚʂȽɉȻɢɩɪɟɦɚɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɢɦɚɢɩɨɫɥɚɧɢɤ
ɉɪɢɛɢɫɚɜɉɨɯɜɚɥɢʄȽɉȻɢɩɪɟɦɚɪɟɝɢɫɬɪɢɦɚɍɦɟɻɭɜɪɟɦɟɧɭɨ
ɨɛɨʁɢɰɢɫɭɫɟɩɨʁɚɜɢɥɟɩɨɫɟɛɧɟɫɬɭɞɢʁɟɜɢɞɟɬɢɧɚɩ
ɍɩ*ýUHPRãQLN%RVDQVNHLKXPVNHSRYHOMH±(.XUWRYLü9HOLNLYRMYRGD
ERVDQVNL 6DQGDOM ± ɢ ɇ ɂɫɚɢɥɨɜɢʄ ȼɥɚɞɚɪɫɤɟ ɤɚɧɰɟɥɚɪɢʁɟ ɭ ɫɪɟɞʃɨɜɟɤɨɜɧɨʁ
ȻɨɫɧɢȻɟɨɝɪɚɞ±ɧɟɨɛʁɚɜʂɟɧɚɞɨɤɬɨɪɫɤɚɞɢɫɟɪɬɚɰɢʁɚ
Ɇɚɞɚɦɭɩɢɫɚʃɟɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɚɬɚɧɢʁɟɛɢɥɨɨɫɧɨɜɧɚɞɭɠɧɨɫɬɉɪɢɛɢɫɚɜɉɨɯɜɚɥɢʄ
ʁɟɨɱɢɝɥɟɞɧɨɭɨɞɫɭɫɬɜɭɜɢɱɧɢʁɢɯɢɥɢɩɨɜɟɪʂɢɜɢʁɢɯɥɢɰɚɫɩɪɟɦɧɨɨɛɚɜʂɚɨɢɡɚɞɚɬɤɟ
ɬɟ ɜɪɫɬɟ ɉɨɪɟɞ ɞɜɚ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚ ɢɡ ɦɚɪɬɚ ɝɨɞɢɧɟ ʃɟɝɨɜɨɦ ɩɪɟɩɨɡɧɚɬʂɢɜɨɦ
Äɧɟɨɤɪɟɬɧɨɦ ɦɢɧɭɫɤɭɥɨɦ ɝɪɭɛɢɯ ɢ ɬɜɪɞɢɯ ɩɨɬɟɡɚ³ * ýUHPRãQLN %RVDQVNH L KXPVNH
SRYHOMHɧɚɩɢɫɚɧɚʁɟɢɋɚɧɞɚʂɟɜɚɩɨɜɟʂɚȾɭɛɪɨɜɧɢɤɭɢɡɝɨɞɢɧɟɫɧɢɦɚɤɭ
Ɋ ɉɨɩɨɜɢʄ ȽɉȻ ɤɚɨ ɢ ɜɟʄɢ ɛɪɨʁ ɛɟɥɟɠɚɤɚ ɧɚ ɦɚɪɝɢɧɚɦɚ ɞɭɛɪɨɜɚɱɤɢɯ
ɡɚɩɢɫɚɨɩɨɫɥɨɜɢɦɚɜɟɡɚɧɢɦɡɚɋɚɧɞɚʂɟɜɞɟɩɨɡɢɬɫɧɢɦɰɢɭɪɚɞɨɜɢɦɚɉȾɪɚɝɢɱɟɜɢʄɚ
±ȽɉȻȽɉȻȽɉȻ
Ƚɑɪɟɦɨɲɧɢɤ%RVDQVNHLKXPVNHSRYHOMHɡɚɤʂɭɱɢɨʁɟɞɚɫɟɩɢɫɚɪɨɜɨɝ
ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚÄɧɟɩɨʁɚɜʂɭʁɟɜɢɲɟɭɋɚɧɞɚʂɟɜɨʁɤɚɧɰɟɥɚɪɢʁɢɬɚɤɨɞɚɨɫɬɚʁɟɚɧɨɧɢɦɚɧ³
ɂɩɚɤ ɨɩɲɬɢ ɢɡɝɥɟɞ ɪɭɤɨɩɢɫɚ ɢ ɤɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɱɧɨ ɫɥɨɜɨ Ɇ ɫɚ ɩɪɨɞɭɠɟɧɢɦ ɫɪɟɞʃɢɦ
ɫɬɚɛɥɨɦ ɩɨɤɚɡɭʁɭ ɜɟɥɢɤɟ ɫɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɚ ɪɭɤɨɩɢɫɨɦ ɞɢʁɚɤɚ Ȼɪɚʁɚɧɚ ɤɨʁɢ ʁɟ ɤɚɨ ɱɥɚɧ
ʁɟɞɧɨɝ ɨɞ ɋɚɧɞɚʂɟɜɢɯ Äɞɟɩɨɡɢɬɫɤɢɯ³ ɩɨɫɥɚɧɫɬɚɜɚ ɮɟɛɪɭɚɪɚ ɝɨɞɢɧɟ ɢɫɩɢɫɚɨ
ɬɪɢɦɚɪɝɢɧɚɥɧɟɛɟɥɟɲɤɟɭɞɭɛɪɨɜɚɱɤɨʁɤɚɧɰɟɥɚɪɢʁɫɤɨʁɤʃɢɡɢ±ɭɩɫɥɢɤɟɭɪɚɞɨɜɢɦɚ
ɉȾɪɚɝɢɱɟɜɢʄɚ±ȽɉȻȽɉȻ
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ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɟɢɜɚɠɧɢʁɢɩɨʁɦɨɜɢ
Ɍɨɩɨɝɪɚɮɫɤɢɩɨɞɚɰɢ
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