Professional Documents
Culture Documents
• EGR Misfires
• Case Studies
Important
p Terms to Know
• Open Loop-Normal
Loop Normal
• Open Loop
Loop-Fault
Fault
• Open Loop-Drive
• Closed Loop-Normal
• Closed Loop-Fault
Open
p Loop-Normal
p
• Open loop fuel system status
status,
oxygen sensor is not being
usedd as ffeedback
db k ffor ffuell
control
• Ford Motor Company has
d fi d th
defined the various
i lloop status
t t
that are listed here
Open Loop-Normal
Open
p Loop-Fault
p
Decel Enleanment
Closed Loop-Normal
p
• LTFT = +12%
12%
• STFT
STFT= +2%
• What is the total fuel trim
correction on this vehicle?
• Is this vehicle running rich or
lean?
Fuel Trim Example
p
•WWouldld th
the ttailpipe
il i readings
di on
this vehicle be acceptable
p
based on today’s standard?
• What
Wh t d do you thi
think
k th
the air
i ffuell
ratio or Lambda might g be on
the gas analyzer?
Fuel Trim Diagnostics
www.atsnm.com
2007 Chevrolet Impala
2002 Lincoln LS
Fuel Trim Exercise
MIL iis O
On
Downstream goes up
Single
g Cylinder
y Ignition
g
Misfire Theory
• The pre-oxygen sensor will
eventually begin to switch again
due to this compensation
Single
g Cylinder
y Ignition
g
Misfire Theory
• LTFT will begin to increase in an
effort to bring STFT as close to
zero as possible
• Post oxygen sensor voltage will
be high indicating that the vehicle
is running rich
STFT is increasing to compensate
Single Cylinder Ignition
Mi fi Theory
Misfire Th
• STFT may show a minimal impact
as a result of the single cylinder
i iti misfire.
ignition i fi
• LTFT may show a noticeable
impact as a result of the single
cylinder ignition misfire ranging
from single to dual digit positive
values
Single
g Cylinder
y Ignition
g
Misfire Theory
• A possible
ibl endd result
lt may show
h
appre oxygen
yg sensor that is
switching and in fuel control
• A post oxygen sensor that is
slightly higher in sensor voltage
• This is what you may see in the
service bayy
PCM Rich Running
Engine Interpretation
Cylinder 6
Cylinder 3
A Closer Look
Fuel Trim Readings
ACE Misfire Software
Secondary Ignition
Waveforms
Cylinder #3
Upstream O2
Downstream O2
20 inches of mercury
39 PSI measured
Cylinder
on cylinder#
#3 3
20 inches of mercury
Synch on cylinder # 2
V
Vacuum L
Levels
l
Engine
g Running
g Vacuum Reading:
g 7 Inches Mercury
y
ECM
• Show actual schematic of the system
Power Output Stage
ECM
I iti C
Ignition Coilil
Activation Checking
Signal from PCM
Disconnect the 5 wire connector from the PCM side
of the Power Output Stage
PCM side
PCM side
• Cylinders 1,2,3
1 2 3 and 4 showed good
open circuit PCM ignition trigger
patterns
Note: You must check unloaded
as well as loaded conditions to
get a good idea of the electrical
integrity
Cylinder 2
The PCM is working as designed, but the Power
Stage Output needs to be replaced
1999 Volkswagon
g Passat