‫لتحميل المزيد من الكتب والمراجع باللغة العربية‬

‫تابعونا على‬

‫صفحة موسوعة الهندسة الكهربية على الفيس بوك‬

‫‪Electrical Engineering Encyclopedia-Arabic‬‬
‫‪www.facebook.com/EEE.Arabic‬‬
‫‪-------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫جروب موسوعة الهندسة الكهربية على الفيس بوك‬
‫‪EEE-Arabic‬‬
‫‪www.facebook.com/groups/EEE.Arabic‬‬
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬‫א‬
EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬

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  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
،،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ 
 W
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫؛‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬     ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، ‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 ?EF ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫?א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   
    ‫א‬  ? ‫א‬ ? 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬          ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫؛‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬

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  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬

 ‫א‬
‫א‬
 ١    

 ٢  ‫א‬  

 ٤    

 ٥  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٧  ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٠ ‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٤ ‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٨  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٢٣ ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٢٨  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ٣٠ ‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ٣٤ ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ٣٨  ‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬
 ٤٢  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ W‫א‬‫א‬

٢
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
 ٤٤ ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ٥٠ ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٥٦  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٥٨
 ‫א‬‫א‬  
‫א‬‫א‬
 ٦٢  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 ٦٦
 ‫א‬  
 ٧٠  ‫א‬‫א‬  

٣
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬   K‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   EElectrical MotorsF ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬      ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬
‫א‬ E‫א‬F ‫א‬  K‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
(DC  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،  ‫א‬ 
 KEAC SupplyF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Supply)
 

‫א‬   EPower Electronic CircuitsF ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ،‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ،‫א‬     ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EElectrical MachinesF‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬   K‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬    ‫א‬   ‫א‬ 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬ W‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
٤
 EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 
 

٥
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

  W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١
K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   K٢
K
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  K٤
 K‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  K٥
K‫א‬‫א‬
 
 

٦
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J١
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٢
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٣
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٤
 

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬ 
 W،‫א‬‫א‬
 

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 K‫א‬‫א‬ J١
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٢
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٣
 K‫א‬‫א‬ J٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٥
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٦
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٧
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٨
 

٧
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬ J
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J١
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٢

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J١
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٢
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٣

 W‫א‬ J
KEOscilloscopeF‫א‬‫א‬ J١
KETachometerF‫א‬ J٢
KEMultimeterF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٣

 EFW‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ K٢
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫ א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
 ‫א‬ 

٨
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬   ،‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬    K٣
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٤
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬      K٥
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٦
 ‫א‬‫ א‬K٧
  W‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٨
 W
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٤
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٥
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٦
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٧
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 ‫א‬‫א‬ J
 ‫א‬‫א‬ J
 ‫א‬‫א‬ J
 
٩
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬  J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J
 

 W‫א‬
 
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١ J٢F
 ‫א‬‫א‬

١٠
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ECircuit BreakerF S K١

 EArmatureF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
 ‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
‫א‬E٢F K٤
 ‫א‬E٢F K٥
‫א‬E٢F K٦
L‫א‬ K٧
  K٨

W‫א‬
 E١F K١
 E٢F K٢
 ‫א‬E١F K٣
 EOscilloscopeF‫א‬‫א‬E١F K٤

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١
Armature TerminalsE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬A2, A1 
Field Terminals‫א‬‫א‬F2, F1 
αZ١٨٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

 ‫א‬‫א‬ 

  EArmatureF ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   K٢
KEArmatureF‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ If‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
‫א‬

١١
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬F AC ‫א‬‫א‬  S‫א‬ K٤

E αZ١٨٠‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬EF، αZ١٨٠‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٥
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Ia‫א‬
αZ١٥٠‫א‬
    ،EArmatureF ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   K٦
K‫א‬‫א‬Va‫א‬
  N ‫א‬  ،EArmatureF  Ia ‫א‬ Va ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  K٧
K‫א‬E١ J٢F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬E١ J٢F‫א‬‫א‬ α‫א‬‫א‬ K٨
‫א‬‫א‬Va‫א‬
 
E١ J٢F

 ٠ ٣٠ ٤٥ ٦٠ ٩٠ ١٢٠ ١٥٠ ١٨٠  EFα‫א‬‫א‬

                 EvFVa‫א‬

                 EAFIa‫א‬

                 Er.p.mFN ‫א‬
 
αZ١٨٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٩
AC ‫א‬‫א‬ S‫א‬‫ א‬K١٠
‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K١١
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١٢

Va  I a R a

KI f
 

١٢
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 EFW‫א‬
 W‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  K١
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
‫א‬‫א‬ (Armature)
(Ia ،N) ، (Va ،N) ، (N ،α) ، (Va ،α) ‫א‬ K٣
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٤
‫א‬‫ א‬K٥
W‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٦
 W
‫؟‬‫א‬،N‫א‬ α‫א‬‫א‬‫ حدد نوع א‬K١
 ‫؟‬
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬L‫א‬ K٢
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
  ‫؟‬Freewheeling Diode‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٤
‫؟‬α =٠ ‫ وليس بقيمة‬α =١٨٠ ‫ لماذا يتم البدء بزاوية إشعال‬،‫אء التجربة عمليا‬ K٥

 
 
 

١٣
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬
 

W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ J
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
Va‫א‬α‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
N‫א‬ α‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
N‫א‬Va‫א‬‫א‬ 
N‫א‬ Ia‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ECircuit BreakerF S K١

 EArmatureF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
 ‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
‫א‬E٤F K٤
‫א‬E٤F K٥
L‫א‬ K٦
  K٧
 

 
١٤
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 W‫א‬
 E١F K١
 E٢F K٢
 ‫א‬E١F K٣
 EOscilloscopeF‫א‬‫א‬E١F K٤

 W‫א‬
 

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١ J٣F
  ‫א‬‫א‬

 

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١
Armature TerminalsE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ A2, A1 
Field Terminals‫א‬‫א‬F2, F1 
αZ١٨٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

 ‫א‬‫א‬ 

١٥
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

  EArmatureF ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   K٢
KEArmatureF‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ If‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K٣
‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬ F AC‫א‬ ‫א‬    S ‫א‬  K٤
EαZ١٨٠‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬EF، αZ١٨٠‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٥
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Ia‫א‬
αZ١٥٠‫א‬
    ،EArmatureF ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   K٦
K‫א‬‫א‬Va‫א‬
  N ‫א‬  ،EArmatureF  Ia ‫א‬ Va ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  K٧
K‫א‬E١ J٣F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬E١ J٣F‫א‬‫א‬ α‫א‬‫א‬ K٨
 ‫א‬‫א‬Va‫א‬
E١ J٣F
 

 ٠ ٣٠ ٤٥ ٦٠ ٩٠ ١٢٠ ١٥٠ ١٨٠  EFα‫א‬‫א‬

                 EvFVa‫א‬
                 EAFIa‫א‬
                 Er.p.mFN ‫א‬
αZ١٨٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٩
AC‫א‬‫א‬S‫א‬‫ א‬K١٠
‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K١١
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١٢
Va  I a R a
  
KI f

١٦
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 EFW‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  K١
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ .٢
‫א‬‫א‬ (Armature)
(Ia ،N) ، (Va ،N) ، (N ،α) ، (Va ،α)‫א‬ .٣
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٤
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٥
 E‫א‬‫א‬F
‫א‬‫ א‬K٦
W‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٧
 W
‫א‬،E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ K١
  ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
   ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬  K٢
  ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫؟‬‫א‬Ia‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
  ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٤
  ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L‫א‬ K٥

 
 

١٧
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 W‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

W‫א‬
 

 

 ‫א‬‫א‬E١ J٤F
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

١٨
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ECircuit BreakerFS K١
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
 ‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
 ‫א‬E٤F K٤
‫א‬E٤F K٥
‫א‬‫א‬ K٦
 L‫א‬ K٧
  K٨

W‫א‬
 E١F K١
 E٢F K٢
 ‫א‬E١F K٣
 EOscilloscopeF‫א‬‫א‬E١F K٤

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١
Armature TerminalsE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬A2, A1 
Field Terminals‫א‬‫א‬F2, F1 
αZ١٨٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

 ‫א‬‫א‬ 

  EArmatureF  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   K٢
KEArmatureF‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ If‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬F AC ‫א‬‫א‬ S  K٤
E αZ١٨٠‫א‬‫א‬
١٩
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬EF
  αZ١٥٠١٨٠‫א‬‫א‬ K٥
 EArmatureF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٦
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬N‫א‬،EArmatureFIa‫א‬Va ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٧
K‫א‬E١ J٤F‫א‬
٧،٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١ J٤F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٨
‫א‬
αZ١٨٠‫א‬‫א‬ K٩

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬EF
‫ كما في‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ D ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬   K١٠
‫مخطط التوصيل‬
‫א‬   ،‫א‬ EF ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ٨ ،٧ ،٦ ،٥ ‫א‬‫א‬   K١١
‫א‬E٢ J٤F
αZ١٨٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١٢
AC ‫א‬‫א‬S ‫א‬‫ א‬K١٣
‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K١٤
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١٥

Va  I a R a

KIf
 

‫א‬‫א‬E١ J٤F

 ٣٠  ٤٥  ٦٠  ٩٠ ١٢٠ ١٥٠ ١٨٠  EFα‫א‬‫א‬

               EvFVa‫א‬

               EAFIa‫א‬

               Er.p.mFN‫א‬
 

٢٠
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬E٢ J٤F

 ٣٠  ٤٥  ٦٠  ٩٠ ١٢٠ ١٥٠ ١٨٠  EFα‫א‬‫א‬

               EvFVa‫א‬

               EAFIa‫א‬

               Er.p.mFN‫א‬
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬E١٥٠F‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬،

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،E١٥٠F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬KEArmatureF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 EFW‫א‬
 W‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  K١
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
‫א‬‫א‬ (Armature)
(Ia ،N) ، (Va ،N) ، (N ،α) ، (Va ،α)‫א‬ K٣
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٤
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٥
‫א‬‫ א‬K٦
٢١
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٧
 W
  ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫ ما فائدة‬K١
  ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
  ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
  ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٤
F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٥
 ‫ واكتب مالحظاتك عليھا‬،E‫א‬

٢٢
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ K١
  ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٢
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
Va ‫א‬α‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
N‫א‬ α‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
N‫א‬ Va‫א‬‫א‬ 
N ‫א‬Ia‫א‬‫א‬ 

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ECircuit BreakerF S  K١
،EDual switchF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
    ،‫א‬   B ‫א‬   A ‫א‬  
 ٢‫א‬‫א‬ ،E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬S2 S1
 EArmatureF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
 ‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
A‫א‬E٤F K٤
 B‫א‬E٤F K٥
A‫א‬E٤F K٦
B‫א‬E٤F K٧

٢٣
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

L‫א‬ K٨
 K٩
 W‫א‬
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١ J٥F
 ‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬
 E١F K١
 E٢F K٢
 ‫א‬E١F K٣
 EOscilloscopeF‫א‬‫א‬E١F K٤
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١
Armature TerminalsE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ A2, A1 
Field Terminals‫א‬‫א‬ F2, F1 

٢٤
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

αZ١٨٠‫א‬B‫א‬A‫א‬‫ א‬
 B‫א‬A‫א‬‫א‬ 

  EArmatureF ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   K٢
KEArmatureF‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ If‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K٣
‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬ F AC ‫א‬ ‫א‬   S  K٤
EαZ١٨٠‫א‬B‫א‬A‫א‬
 

 WA‫א‬EF
EαZ١٨٠‫א‬B‫א‬‫א‬F
   A ‫א‬ α ‫א‬‫א‬EF‫ א‬K٥
αZ١٥٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Ia‫א‬
    ،EArmatureF ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   K٦
K‫א‬‫א‬Va‫א‬
  N ‫א‬  ،EArmatureF  Ia ‫א‬ Va ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  K٧
K‫א‬E١ J٥F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬E١ J٥F‫א‬‫א‬A α‫א‬‫א‬ K٨
‫א‬‫א‬Va‫א‬
 

A‫א‬E١ J٥F

 ٠ ٣٠ ٤٥ ٦٠ ٩٠ ١٢٠ ١٥٠ ١٨٠  EFα‫א‬‫א‬

                 EvFVa‫א‬

                 EA) Ia‫א‬

                 Er.p.mFN ‫א‬
 

٢٥
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

A‫א‬ ،E١ J٥F‫א‬‫א‬ K٩

αZ١٨٠‫א‬
 
 

 WB‫א‬EF
 

 EαZ١٨٠ ‫א‬ A‫א‬ ‫א‬F

A ‫א‬  ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ S EDual switchF
S1 ‫א‬   ،E‫א‬ ‫א‬ F ‫א‬   B  ‫א‬ 
‫א‬S2‫א‬
‫א‬ ٥‫א‬F B EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١٠
E٢ J٥F‫א‬،E٩
 

B‫א‬E٢ J٥F

 ٠ ٣٠ ٤٥ ٦٠ ٩٠ ١٢٠ ١٥٠ ١٨٠  EFα‫א‬‫א‬

                 EvFVa‫א‬

                 EAFIa‫א‬

                 Er.p.mFN ‫א‬
 

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ،B  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  K١١
αZ١٨٠‫א‬B‫א‬ A
AC‫א‬‫א‬S2‫א‬‫ א‬K١٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K١٣
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١٤

Va  I a R a

KI f
 
 

٢٦
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
:(Dual Converter)‫א‬
‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J١
BA‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٢
 K‫א‬‫א‬،E αZ١٨٠‫א‬‫א‬
 
 EFW‫א‬
 W‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  K١
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
‫א‬‫א‬ (Armature)
(Ia ،N) ، (Va ،N) ، (N ،α) ، (Va ،α)‫א‬ K٣
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٤
‫א‬‫ א‬K٥
W‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٦
 W
 ‫؟‬‫א‬B‫א‬A‫א‬ ‫ قارن بين‬K١
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٤
 ‫؟‬
٢٧
 EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
‫א‬‫א‬  
 
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

٢٨
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

  W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   K١
K‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   K٢
K
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   K٣
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬         ، ‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K٤
 ‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   
 K‫א‬

٢٩
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬
     ‫א‬  J
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
Va‫א‬α‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
N‫א‬α‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
N‫א‬Va‫א‬‫א‬ 
N‫א‬ Ia‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 
 

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ECircuit BreakerFS K١
 EArmatureF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
 ‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
‫א‬E٣F K٤
‫א‬E٣F K٥
L‫א‬ K٦
  K٧

W‫א‬
 E٢F K١
 E٢F K٢

٣٠
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬E١F K٣
 EOscilloscopeF‫א‬‫א‬E١F K٤

W‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١ J٦F
 ‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١
Armature TerminalsE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ A2, A1 
Field Terminals‫א‬‫א‬ F2, F1 
αZ١٨٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

 ‫א‬‫א‬ 

  EArmatureF  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   K٢
KEArmatureF‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ If‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K٣
‫א‬
٣١
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬FAC ‫א‬‫א‬S ‫א‬ K٤

EαZ١٨٠‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ EF، αZ١٨٠‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٥
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ Ia ‫א‬ 
αZ١٥٠‫א‬
،EArmatureF‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ K٦
K‫א‬‫א‬Va‫א‬
 N‫א‬،EArmatureF Ia‫א‬ Va ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٧
K‫א‬E١ J٦F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬E١ J٦F‫א‬‫א‬α‫א‬‫א‬ K٨
‫א‬‫א‬Va‫א‬
 
E١ J٦F

 ٠ ٣٠ ٤٥ ٦٠ ٩٠ ١٢٠ ١٥٠ ١٨٠  EFα‫א‬‫א‬

                 EvFVa‫א‬

                 EAFIa‫א‬

                 Er.p.mFN ‫א‬

αZ١٨٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٩
AC‫א‬‫א‬S ‫א‬‫ א‬K١٠
‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K١١
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١٢

Va  I a R a

KI f
 
 
٣٢
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J١
 ‫א‬‫א‬   ، ‫א‬   ، ‫א‬   
K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٢
‫א‬      ، ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ،‫א‬
K،‫א‬،

 EFW‫א‬
 W‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  K١
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬    .٢
‫א‬‫א‬ (Armature)
(Ia ،N) ، (Va ،N) ، (N ،α) ، (Va ،α)  ‫א‬ .٣
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٤
‫א‬      ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   K٥
 E‫א‬‫א‬F
‫א‬‫ א‬K٦
W‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٧
 W
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K١
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Va‫א‬ K٢
  ‫؟‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ N‫א‬ K٣
  ‫؟‬

٣٣
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ J
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
Va‫א‬α‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
N ‫א‬α‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
N‫א‬Va‫א‬‫א‬ 
N ‫א‬Ia‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J


 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ECircuit BreakerFS ‫ مفتاح‬K١

 EArmatureF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
 ‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
‫א‬E٣F K٤
‫א‬E٣F K٥
‫א‬E٣F K٦
L‫א‬ K٧
  K٨

٣٤
 EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬
 E١F K١
 E٢F K٢
 ‫א‬E١F K٣
EOscilloscopeF‫א‬‫א‬E١F K٤
 

W‫א‬
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١ J٧F
‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١
Armature TerminalsE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ A2, A1 
Field Terminals‫א‬‫א‬F2, F1 
αZ١٨٠‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
٣٥
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬ 
  EArmatureF  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   K٢
KEArmatureF‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬If‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K٣
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬F AC ‫א‬‫א‬ S‫א‬  K٤
EαZ١٨٠‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ EF   ، α Z١٨٠ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫ א‬K٥
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Ia‫א‬
αZ١٥٠‫א‬
    ،EArmatureF ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   K٦
K‫א‬‫א‬Va‫א‬
  N ‫א‬  ،EArmatureF  Ia ‫א‬ Va ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  K٧
K‫א‬E١ J٧F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬E١ J٧F‫א‬‫א‬ α‫א‬‫א‬ K٨
‫א‬‫א‬Va‫א‬
 

E١ J٧F

 ٠ ٣٠ ٤٥ ٦٠ ٩٠ ١٢٠ ١٥٠ ١٨٠  EFα‫א‬‫א‬

                 EvFVa‫א‬

                 EAFIa‫א‬

                 Er.p.mFN‫א‬

αZ١٨٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٩
AC‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K١٠
‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K١١
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١٢

٣٦
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

Va  I a R a

KI f
 W‫א‬
‫א‬E٣F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J
‫א‬  EDCF     ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ E٣F
 ERippleF ‫א‬     ‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ‫א‬    
 ‫א‬
 ١٢٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J
 

 EFW‫א‬
 W‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  K١
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬    K٢
‫א‬‫א‬ (Armature)
(Ia ،N) ، (Va ،N) ، (N ،α) ، (Va ،α)  ‫א‬ K٣
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٤
‫א‬       ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   K٥
 E‫א‬‫א‬F
‫א‬‫ א‬K٦
W‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٧
 W
  ‫א‬‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١
  ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٣
  ‫א‬،E‫א‬

٣٧
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

  F ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬    ‫א‬  K٤
 ‫؟‬،E‫א‬

 

٣٨
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 
W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ J
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
Va ‫א‬α‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
N‫א‬α‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
N‫א‬Va‫א‬‫א‬ 
N‫א‬ Ia‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬        ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬    J

‫א‬        ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   -


 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ECircuit BreakerFS K١
 EArmatureF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
 ‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
‫א‬E٦F K٤
‫א‬E٦F K٥
L‫א‬ K٦
  K٧

٣٩
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬
 E١F K١
 E٢F K٢
 ‫א‬E١F K٣
 EOscilloscopeF‫א‬‫א‬E١F K٤

 W‫א‬
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١ J٨F
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١
Armature TerminalsE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬A2, A1 
Field Terminals‫א‬‫א‬ F2, F1 
αZ١٨٠‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ 

  EArmatureF  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   K٢
٤٠
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

KEArmatureF‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ If‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K٣
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬F AC ‫א‬‫א‬S‫א‬  K٤
EαZ١٨٠‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬EF ، αZ١٨٠‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٥
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Ia ‫א‬
αZ١٥٠‫א‬
    ،EArmatureF ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   K٦
K‫א‬‫א‬Va‫א‬
  N ‫א‬  ،EArmatureF  Ia ‫א‬ Va ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  K٧
K‫א‬E١ J٨F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬E١ J٨F‫א‬‫א‬ α‫א‬‫א‬ K٨
‫א‬‫א‬Va‫א‬
E١ J٨F

 ٠ ٣٠ ٤٥ ٦٠ ٩٠ ١٢٠ ١٥٠ ١٨٠  EFα‫א‬‫א‬

                 EvFVa‫א‬

                 EAF Ia‫א‬

                 Er.p.mFN‫א‬

αZ١٨٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٩
AC‫א‬‫א‬S‫א‬‫ א‬K١٠
‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K١١
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١٢
Va  I a R a

KI f

٤١
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 EFW‫א‬
 W‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  K١
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
‫א‬‫א‬ (Armature)
(Ia ،N) ، (Va ،N) ، (N ،α) ، (Va ،α)  ‫א‬ .٣
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٤
‫א‬       ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   K٥
E‫א‬‫א‬F
‫א‬        ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   K٦
E‫א‬‫א‬F
‫א‬‫ א‬K٧
W‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٨
 W
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫ ھل‬K١
 W‫א‬‫ א‬K٢
 E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 ‫א؟‬‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 

٤٢
 EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

‫ א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

٤٣
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

  W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
    ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬   K١
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   K٢
‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  K٣
K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٤
 K‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬

٤٤
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ J
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
Va‫א‬Ef‫א‬Fk‫א‬‫א‬ 
N‫א‬Ef ‫א‬Fk‫א‬‫א‬ 
N‫א‬Va‫א‬‫א‬ 
N‫א‬Ia‫א‬‫א‬ 

‫א‬  ‫א‬ DC‫א‬‫א‬ DC Chopper ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬DC‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ DC    ON-OFF  ‫א‬ (PT)
 K‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
:‫א‬

EPulse Width ModulationFPWM‫א‬ K١

f‫א‬‫א‬Ton‫א‬‫א‬

EPulse Frequency ModulationFPFM‫א‬ K٢

Ton‫א‬‫א‬f‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬EPWM‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 

٤٥
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١ J٩F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬ECircuit BreakerF SE١F K١

 ‫א‬DC
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬  DC    K٢
 EArmatureF
‫א‬‫א‬DC .٣

 E ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ FMOSFET  IGBT  ‫א‬ E١F  K٤
‫א‬
‫א‬EPWM‫א‬F K٥
‫א‬EPFM ‫א‬F K٦
‫א‬E١F K٧
٤٦
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

L‫א‬ K٨
  K٩

W‫א‬
 E١F K١
 E٢F K٢
 ‫א‬E١F K٣
EOscilloscopeF‫א‬‫א‬E١F K٤
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١
Armature TerminalsE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬A2, A1 
Field Terminals‫א‬‫א‬ F2, F1 
kZ0PWM‫א‬‫ א‬
fZ0PFM‫א‬‫ א‬
 Q‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

  EArmatureF  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   K٢
KEArmatureF‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ If‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K٣
‫א‬

 PWM‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 

kZ0‫א‬PWM‫א‬‫א‬ K٤
fZ2 kHz ‫א‬PWM‫א‬‫ א‬K٥
‫א‬‫א‬DC‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬S ‫א‬ K٦
    kZ0 ‫א‬   ‫א‬     ‫ א‬K٧
     ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  Ia  ‫א‬  
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ،kZ0.2 ‫א‬  ‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬Va‫א‬،EArmatureF
٤٧
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬N‫א‬،EArmatureFIa‫א‬Va‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٨
K‫א‬E١ J٩F‫א‬
‫א‬E١ J٩F‫א‬‫א‬ k‫א‬  K٩
‫א‬‫א‬Va‫א‬
kZ0‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١٠
K‫א‬‫א‬fZ0‫א‬

E١ J٩F

1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.2  k ‫א‬

                 EvFVa‫א‬

                 EAF Ia‫א‬

                 Er.p.mFN‫א‬

 PFM‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 

fZ0‫א‬ PFM ‫א‬‫א‬ K١١

kZ0.5PWM ‫א‬‫ א‬K١٢
fZ0‫א‬PFM ‫א‬‫ א‬K١٣
     ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  Ia  ‫א‬  
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ،fZ100Hz   ‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬Va‫א‬،EArmatureF
‫א‬N‫א‬،EArmatureFIa‫א‬Va‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١٤
K‫א‬E٢ J٩F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ F  ،E٢ J٩F  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ f ‫א‬    K١٥
E‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬Va‫א‬‫א‬
 

٤٨
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

E٢ J٩F

5000 3000 2000 1500 1000 800 400 100  EHzFf‫א‬

                 EvFVa‫א‬

                 EAFIa‫א‬

                 Er.p.mFN‫א‬
 

kZ0‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١٦
K‫א‬‫א‬ fZ0‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬DC ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬S‫א‬‫ א‬K١٧
‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K١٨
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١٩

 Va = (Ton*f) Vs = k*Vs

Ton
 Va  Vs 
T
Va  I a R a
  
KI f
 EFW‫א‬
 W‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  K١
‫א‬
،‫א‬ ،f ‫א‬  ،k ‫א‬   
     .٢
‫א‬‫א‬ (Armature) ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
(Ia ،N) ، (Va ،N) ، (N ،k) ، (Va ،k)  ‫א‬ .٣
(Ia ،N) ، (Va ،N) ، (N ،f) ، (Va ،f)  ‫א‬ .٤
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٥
‫א‬‫ א‬K٦

٤٩
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٧
 W
  ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K١
  ‫؟‬‫א‬D‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
PWM‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
  ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫؟‬PFM‫א‬
  ‫؟‬‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٤

٥٠
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J
  ‫א‬  J
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
Tb ‫א‬k‫א‬‫א‬ 
Tb‫א‬Va‫א‬‫א‬ 
Tb‫א‬Rb‫א‬‫א‬ 

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 S3,S2 ,S1‫א‬ECircuit BreakerFE٣F K١
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬  DC   K٢
 EArmatureF
 ‫א‬‫א‬ DC K٣
‫א‬  E‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ F MOSFET  IGBT  ‫א‬ E٢F  K٤

Q2 ،Q1‫א‬EPWM‫א‬F‫א‬E٢F K٥
Q2،Q1‫א‬EPFM‫א‬F‫א‬E٢F K٦
‫א‬E١F K٧
،E‫א‬F٢٣٠٠ K٨
٥١
 EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬Ia
L‫א‬ K٩
 K١٠

W‫א‬
 E١F K١
 E٢F K٢
 ‫א‬E١F K٣
 (Stop-Watch) E١F K٤
EOscilloscopeF‫א‬‫א‬E١F K٥

 W‫א‬
 
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١ J١٠F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

٥٢
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١
Armature TerminalsE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬A2, A1 
Field Terminals‫א‬‫א‬F2, F1 
PFM‫א‬    ،PWM‫א‬    ‫ א‬
fZ0 kZ0, Q1 ,Q2‫א‬
Q2, Q1‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 S3‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ERb =2300 ΩF‫א‬‫א‬ 

  EArmatureF  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   K٢
KEArmatureF‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ If‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  K٣
‫א‬
kZ0.5  PWM‫א‬  ،Q2 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫ א‬K٤
f =500 HzPFM‫א‬
f =2 kHz‫א‬Q1‫א‬ PFM ‫א‬‫ א‬K٥
  Q1‫א‬ PWM ‫א‬ ‫א‬ K٦
kZ0‫א‬
 
  Tb‫א‬k‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬

D‫א‬‫א‬ S2‫א‬ K٧
‫א‬‫א‬DC ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ S1‫א‬ K٨
kZ0 ‫א‬   Q1‫א‬ PWM ‫א‬     ‫ א‬K٩
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Ia ‫א‬  
‫א‬‫א‬،kZ0.2‫א‬ PWM ‫א‬
‫א‬EArmatureF‫א‬‫א‬
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  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

K‫א‬E١ J١٠F‫א‬‫א‬N‫א‬،Va‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١٠

E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬ ،‫א‬ K١١

  ،E‫א‬‫א‬DC‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬FS1 ‫א‬‫ א‬
   ERb‫א‬ Q2‫א‬‫א‬FS3 ‫א‬ 
  D E‫א‬‫א‬FS2‫א‬‫ א‬
   ‫א‬ES2F‫א‬Tb‫א‬ 
kZ0Q1‫א‬PWM‫א‬‫ א‬K١٢
 ‫א‬(S3) ‫א‬‫ א‬K١٣
Q1‫א‬k ‫א‬E١ J١٠FTb‫א‬ K١٤
k ‫א‬   ‫א‬ E٩ ‫א‬F   E١٤  ٧F  ‫א‬‫א‬  K١٥
‫א‬E١ J١٠F‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ،‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  K١٦
kZ0Q1‫א‬PWM ‫א‬
 

E١ J١٠F
k‫א‬
1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.2
 Q1‫א‬
                 EvFVa‫א‬

                 Er.p.mFN ‫א‬

                 Tb‫א‬
 

  Tb ‫א‬Rb‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
،E‫א‬F  Rb  ‫ א‬K١٧
(S3)‫א‬‫א‬E٢ J١٠F‫א‬
D‫א‬‫א‬ S2 ‫א‬ K١٨
‫א‬‫א‬DC‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ S1‫א‬ K١٩
٥٤
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 kZ0‫א‬ Q1 ‫א‬ PWM ‫א‬‫ א‬K٢٠

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Ia‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬،kZ0.5‫א‬ PWM‫א‬
‫א‬EArmatureF‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٣١٠F‫א‬‫א‬ K٢١
‫א‬‫א‬Rb‫א‬E٢ J١٠FTb‫א‬ K٢٢
   ‫א‬  Rb    E٢٢  ١٧F  ‫א‬‫א‬  K٢٣
E٢ J١٠F‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ،‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  K٢٤
kZ0‫א‬Q1‫א‬ PWM ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬DC ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ S1‫א‬‫ א‬K٢٥
‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٢٦
Q2, Q1 ‫א‬EPFM‫א‬ PWM‫א‬F‫א‬‫ א‬K٢٧
fZ0kZ0

E٢ J١٠F

 EΩFRb ‫א‬

                 EvFVa‫א‬

                 Er.p.mFN‫א‬

                 Tb‫א‬
 

EN‫א‬Va ‫א‬F،E٢ J١٠F‫א‬

 kZ0.5Q1 ‫א‬ PWM‫א‬
 

 
 
 
٥٥
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 EFW‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 Va‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬،f‫א‬،k ‫א‬  K٢
‫א‬‫א‬ (Armature) ‫א‬‫א‬
E١ J١٠F‫א‬ (Tb،N) ، (Tb ،Va) ، (Tb ،k)  ‫א‬ K٣
E٢ J١٠F‫א‬(Tb ،Rb)  ‫א‬ K٤
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٥
‫א‬‫ א‬K٦
W‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٧
 W
 ‫؟‬،Tb‫א‬k‫א‬‫א‬ ‫ ما‬K١
 ‫؟‬،Tb‫א‬Rb‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
‫א‬   ‫א‬ ،‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬      K٣
  ‫א‬

٥٦
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

٥٧
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

  W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫ א‬K٢
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   K٣
K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  K‫א‬
 

٥٨
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ J
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
V1 ‫א‬α‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
n‫א‬α‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
n‫א‬V1‫א‬‫א‬ 
n ‫א‬I1‫א‬‫א‬ 

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ECircuit BreakerF SE١F K١
 
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
  ‫א‬E٦F K٣
  ‫א‬E٦F K٤
 ‫א‬ K٥
W‫א‬
 E١F K١
 E١F K٢
 ‫א‬E١F K٣
  EOscilloscopeF‫א‬‫א‬E١F K٤

٥٩
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١ J١١F
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١
  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
αZ١٨٠‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٣
‫א‬‫א‬ K٤
‫א‬‫א‬F AC‫א‬‫א‬S K٥
E α =١٨٠‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬EF، αZ١٨٠‫א‬ ‫א‬‫ א‬K٦
 ،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ Ia‫א‬  
αZ١٥٠‫א‬
٦٠
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 V1 ‫א‬     ،‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   K٧
K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬n‫א‬،I1‫א‬V1‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٨
K‫א‬E١ J١١F
‫א‬E١ J١١F‫א‬‫א‬ α‫א‬‫א‬ K٩
‫א‬‫א‬V1‫א‬
α =١٨٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١٠
AC‫א‬‫א‬ S‫א‬‫ א‬K١١
‫א‬‫ א‬K١٢

E١ J١١F

 ٠ ٣٠ ٤٥ ٦٠ ٩٠ ١٢٠ ١٥٠ ١٨٠  EFα‫א‬‫א‬

                 EvFV1‫א‬

                 EAF I1‫א‬

                 Er.p.mFn ‫א‬

 EFW‫א‬
 W‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  K١
  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ،‫א‬  ،‫א‬ ‫א‬  
     .٢
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  (I1 ،n) ، (V1 ،n) ، (n ،α) ، (V1 ،α)‫א‬ .٣
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٤
  ‫א‬‫ א‬K٥

٦١
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

  W‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٦
 W
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ K٢
  ‫א‬‫א‬α‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٤

 

٦٢
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ J
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
V1‫א‬α‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
n ‫א‬ α‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
n‫א‬V1‫א‬‫א‬ 
n‫א‬I1 ‫א‬‫א‬ 

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ECircuit BreakerF SE١F K١
 
  ‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٦F K٣
‫א‬  E‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ F MOSFET  IGBT  ‫א‬ E٦F  K٤
  ‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬EPFM‫א‬F K٥
  ‫א‬‫א‬EPWM‫א‬F K٦
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٦F K٧
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬L‫א‬ K٨
 ‫א‬ K٩
٦٣
 EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

  

٦٤
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

W‫א‬
 E١F K١
 E١F K٢
 ‫א‬E١F K٣
  EOscilloscopeF‫א‬‫א‬E١F K٤

 W‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١ J١٢F
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 (Pulse Frequency Modulation)PFM
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١
‫א‬‫א‬ PFM‫א‬‫ א‬K٢
  fZ0

٦٥
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  PWM ‫א‬    ‫ א‬K٣
  kZ0
‫א‬     ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   K٤
  K‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬AC‫א‬‫א‬S ‫א‬ K٥
‫א‬‫א‬PWM‫א‬‫ א‬K٦
  kZ0.5 
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  PFM ‫א‬     ‫ א‬K٧
‫א‬  ‫א‬  Ia  ‫א‬       f=0 ‫א‬
‫א‬،f=100Hz‫א‬‫א‬
  K‫א‬‫א‬V1‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬   n ‫א‬  ، I1 ‫א‬ V1 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  K٨
  K‫א‬E١ J١٢F‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ f ‫א‬    K٩
،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬F،E١ J١٢F
 V1 ‫א‬     ‫א‬  E‫א‬    
  ‫א‬‫א‬
 

E١ J١٢F

5000 3000 2000 1500 1000 800 400 100  EHzFf‫א‬

                 EvFV1‫א‬

                 EAFI1‫א‬

                 Er.p.mFn‫א‬
 

kZ0‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١٠
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ fZ0‫א‬
  AC‫א‬‫א‬ S‫א‬‫ א‬K١١
٦٦
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

fZ0‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K١٢
  kZ0
  ‫א‬‫ א‬K١٣

 EFW‫א‬
 W‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  K١
  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ،f ‫א‬   
     K٢
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  (I1 ،n) ، (V1 ،n) ، (n ،f) ، (V1 ،f) ‫א‬ K٣
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٤
  ‫א‬‫ א‬K٥
  W‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٦
 W
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ K١
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬

٦٧
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬   J
  ‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
V2‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬α‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
n‫א‬α‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
n‫א‬V2‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 

 W‫א‬
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١ J١٣F
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٦٨
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬ECircuit BreakerF S E١F K١٠

 
  ‫א‬ K١١
  ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬E٦F K١٢
  ‫א‬E٦F K١٣
  ٢٠٠٠ K١٤
  ‫א‬ K١٥

W‫א‬
 E١F K١
E١F K٢
 E١F K٣
 ‫א‬E١F K٤
 EOscilloscopeF‫א‬‫א‬E١F K٥

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K١
  αZ١٨٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٣
  K‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬AC‫א‬‫א‬S‫א‬ K٤
 ، α Z١٥٠  ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫ א‬K٥
‫א‬  V2 ‫א‬     ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
  K‫א‬
  IR‫א‬، VR ‫א‬ n‫א‬،V2‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K٦
٦٩
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

  K‫א‬E١ J١٣F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬    K٧
‫א‬  V2 ‫א‬    ،٦  ‫א‬  E١ J١٣F 
  ‫א‬

E١ J١٣F

٠ ٣٠ ٤٥ ٦٠ ٩٠ ١٢٠ ١٥٠  α‫א‬

               EvFV2‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

               Er.p.mFn ‫א‬

              VR‫א‬

               IR‫א‬
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٨
  αZ١٨٠
  AC‫א‬‫א‬ S‫א‬‫ א‬K٩
  ‫א‬‫ א‬K١٠
 
 EFW‫א‬
 W‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  K١
  ‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ،α ‫א‬ ‫א‬     .٢
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  (V2 ،n) ، (n ،α) ، (V2 ،α) ‫א‬ .٣
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٤
٧٠
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

  ‫א‬‫ א‬K٥
  W‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٦
 W
 ‫א‬‫א‬V2،α‫א‬‫א‬ K١
 ‫א‬‫א‬n،α‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
 ‫א‬R‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٣
 K٣،٢،١‫א‬‫ א‬K٤
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٥

 

٧١
  EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬
 

 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
Austin Hughes, Heinemann Newnes, Electric Motor and Drives: Fundamentals,
1990 Types and Applications
Gopal K. Dubey Prentice Hall, 1989
Power Semiconductor Controlled Drives
ISBN:0-13-686890-8
M. H. Rashid, Prentice Hall, 1994 Power Electronics: Circuits, Devices and
ISBN:81-203-0869-7 applications
W. Shepherd, L. M. Hulley, and D. T.
Power Electronics and Motor Control
W. Liang, Cambridge, 1995
 L  ‫א‬‫א‬

 

٧٢