6

Module
43

MATH
FINDING A MISSING TERM IN A
PROPORTION

A DepEd-BEAM Distance Learning Program supported by the Australian Agency for International Development
 To the Learner

Hello! Dear learner. Did you enjoy writing ratios and

proportions in colon and fraction forms? Today, you are
going to learn about finding a missing term in a proportion.
Are you ready?

Let’s Learn This

This module will discuss on how to find the missing

terms in a proportion.
A proportion is a statement of the equality of two
ratios.
6=2
3 1

Extremes
6: 3 = 2 :1
means
In the proportion 6:3 = 2:1, 6 and 1, the first and
fourth terms, are the extreme while 3 and 2, the second and
third terms, are called the mean.
The product of the means is equal to the product of the
extremes.

11
 Let’s Try This

Directions: Write true or false to describe each equality.

__________1.) 3:6 = 1:2 ___________4.) 3:15 = 1:5

__________2.) 8:4 = 2:3 ___________5.) 2 = 1
__________3.) 9:4 = 2:5 8 9

Let’s Study This

Cesar had 4 seedlings of squash and 6 seedlings of

tomatoes, while Renato had 8 seedlings of squash and 12
seedlings of tomatoes.
What is the ratio of squash seedlings to tomato
seedlings each boy had?
For Cesar, the ratio of squash to tomatoes seedlings is
4:6. for Renato, the ratio of squash to tomato seedlings is
8:12.

12
 Express each ratio in simplest form.

4=2 8=2
6 3 12 3
2
Since both ratios have the simplest form 3, then we say
that the ratios are equal.
An equation stating that two ratios are equal is called
proportion. Therefore, 4 = 8 is a proportion.
6 12
Another way to write their proportion is 4:6 = 8:12. the
numbers 4,6,8 and 12 are the terms of the proportion. The
first and fourth terms, 4 and 12 are called the extremes. The
second and the third terms, 6 and 8, are the means.

Extremes
4: 6 = 8:12
Means

Suppose we take the product of the means and the

product of the extremes.
4 x 12 = 48
4 = 8
6 12 4: 6 = 8:12

6 x 8 = 48

The above illustrates the law of proportion, which

states that the product of the means is equal to the product
of the extremes. We can use their law to solve the missing
term in a proportion.

13
 Examples:
Solve for n.

1.) 2 = 4
3 n

2xn=3x4
2 x n = 12
n = 12/2
n =6
Therefore, 2 = 4
3 6

2.) 6:2 = n:3

2xn=6x3
2 x n = 18
n = 18/2
n=9
Therefore, 6:2 = 9:3

Let’s Do This

Directions: Find the missing term in a proportion.

1.) 4 = 20 4.) 2:3 = n:66

5 n
2.) 2 = 6 5.) 9:n = 3:4
n 21
3.) n = 5
15 3

14
 Let’s Do More

Direction: Complete each proportion by solving for n.

1.) 3 = n
5 20

2.) 6 = 8
9 n

3.) n = 5
12 6

4.) 4:n = 10:25

5.) 2:3 = n:42

Let’s Remember This

Proportion is a statement of equality of two ratios. In a:b = c:d, b

and c are the means, while a and d are the extremes.
The law of proportion states that the product of the mean is
equal to the product of the extremes.

15
 Let’s Test Ourselves

A. Find the missing terms.

1.) 3 = n
2 12

2.) 4 = 5
n 20

3.) 4:16 = n:8

4.) 27:n = 9:15

5.) 15:n = 10:8

B. Solve each problem. Show you solution inside the box.

1. The Garden Store is selling 3 packs of pomelo

seeds for P15.00. Alice wants to buy only 2 packs
of pumelo seeds. How much will she pay?

2. If a car travels 312km. in 6 hours, how long would

it take to go 416km. at the same speed?

16
3. Sandy used 2m of cloth to make handkerchiefs.
How many handkerchiefs can be made 10m of
cloth?

4. It takes Milo 10 minutes to solve 8 problems in

Mathematics. How long will it take him to solve 16
problems?

5. If the ratio of teacher to pupils is 1:45, how many

pupils are there in 8 teachers?

17
 Let’s Consider This

If your score is 8-10, proceed to the next module.

If your score is 5-7, “Let’s Enrich Ourselves.”
If your score is below 5, review the whole module.

Let’s Enrich
Ourselves

Direction:
A. Solve to find the missing term.

1.) 9:6 = 18:___

2.) ___:5 = 32:4

3.) 4 = ____
3 48

B. Solve the following problems.

1. Ms. Supera can type 250 words per minute at this

rate, how long will it take her to type 750 words?
2. Mother bought 3 eggs for P15.00. How much would
the 9 eggs cost?

18
 Answer Key

Let’s Try This

1.) true 4.) true

2.) false 5.) false
3.) false

Let’s Do This

1.) 4 x n = 20 x 5 4.) 2:3 = n:66

4 x n = 100 3 x n = 2 x 66
n = 100/4 3 x n = 132
n = 132/3
n = 25
n = 44

2.) 2 =6
n 21
6 x n = 21x 2 5.) 9:n = 3:4
6 x n = 42 3xn=9x4
n = 42/6 3 x n = 36
n = 36/3
n=7
n = 12
3.) n = 1
15 3
3 x n = 15 x 1
3 x n = 15
n = 15/3

n=5

19
Let’s Do More

1.) 3 = n
5 20
5 x n = 20 x 3
5 x n = 60
n = 60/5

n = 12

2.) 6 = 8 4.) 4:n = 10:25

9 n 10 x n = 4 x 25
6xn=9x8 10 x n = 100
6 x n = 72 n = 100/10
n = 72/6
n = 10
n = 12

3.)n = 5 5.) 2:3 = n:42

12 6 3 x n = 2 x 42
6 x n = 12 x 5 3 x n = 84
6 x n = 60 3 x n = 84/3
n = 60/6
n = 28
n = 10

Let’s Test Ourselves

A.
1.) 3 = n 3.) 4:16 = n:8
2 12 16 x n = 4 x 8
2 x n = 12 x 3 16 x n = 32
2 x n = 36 n = 32/16
n = 36/2
n=2
n = 18

4.) 27:n = 9:15

20
 9 x n = 27 x 15
9 x n = 405
n = 405/9
2.) 4 = 5
n 20 n = 45
5 x n = 20 x 4
5 x n = 80
n = 80/5

n = 16

5.) 15:n = 10:8

10 x n = 15 x 8
10 x n = 120
n = 120/10

n = 12

B.
1.) 3 = 2 4.) 10 = n
P15.00 n 8 16
3 x n = P15.00 x 2 8 x n = 10 x
16
3 x n = P30.00 8 x n = 160
n = P30.00/3 n = 160/8

n = P 10.00 n =20

2.) 312 = 416 5.) 1 = 8

6 n 45 n
312 x n = 416 x 6 1x n = 45 x 8
312 x n = 2,496 1 x n = 360
n = 2,496/312 n = 360/1

n=8 n = 360

21
 3.) 2 = 10
20 n
2 x n = 20 x 10
2 x n = 200
n = 200/2

n = 100

Let’s Enrich Ourselves

A.
1.) 12
2.) 40
3.) 64

B.
1.) 250 = 750
1 n
250 x n = 750 x 1
250 x n = 750
n = 750/250

n=3

2.) 3 =9
P15.00 n
3 x n = P15.00 x 9
3 x n = P 135.00
n = P135.00/3

n = P45.00

22