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IEC 61850 Standard Application Examples of Substation Automation PDF
IEC 61850 Standard Application Examples of Substation Automation PDF
The IEC 61850 standard has been defined in cooperation with manufactu-
rers and users to create a uniform, future-proof basis for the protection,
LSP2870.eps
and maintenance.
§ Reduction of costs: IEC 61850 replaces wiring between feeders, control
switches, and signaling devices.
§ More reliability: You only use one communication channel for all data –
in real time, synchronized via Ethernet.
LSP2872.eps
Switchgear Interlocking
with IEC 61850-G00SE 3
Reverse Interlocking Using
the GOOSE of IEC 61850 7
Beneficial Engineering
of IEC 61850 Substation
Automation Systems 13
Innovative Solutions for
Substation Control with
IEC 61850 21
Seamless Migration 27
Ethernet Topologies with
IEC 61850 31
IEC Interoperability,
Conformance and
Engineering Experiences 37
IEC Browser-
A Powerful Test Tool for
IEC 61850 43
Ó Siemens AG 2007
Switchgear Interlocking
Switchgear Interlocking
with IEC 61850-G00SE
Coupler
n 1. Introduction
SS = Busbar
Fast communication directly between protec-
tion devices and bay control units according
to IEC 61850-GOOSE can be used to imple-
ment switchgear interlocking across bays
(substation interlocking). GOOSE stands for
“generic object-oriented substation event”
and is an especially fast communication ser-
vice that functions independently of commu-
nication between the server (bay control Fig. 1 Double busbar system with 2 feeders
unit) and client (centralized station control-
ler).
2) Preparation of the CFC charts for gener-
And, as the system configurator software ating the new messages and adding to the
provides a view across devices, simple engi- CFC charts for the switchgear interlocking
neering of the substation interlocking is pos-
3) Creation of the IEC 61850 substation and
sible independent from the station level.
configuration of communication (defining
GOOSE subscribers, assigning IP addresses,
n 2. Task
creating the GOOSE application)
In the simple example described here, the
coupler and the two feeders of a double 4) Routing of the GOOSE information items
busbar system exchange the information of the subscribers
items necessary for substation interlocking In the first step, it is expedient to look at the
(Fig. 1). single-line diagram (Fig. 1). This is the substa-
The information to be exchanged for substa- tion view and definition of the information
tion interlocking are the following: transmitted and received by the devices.
In our simple example, the following informa-
1) From the coupler to the feeders: tion is required in the three bays:
Information that the coupler is closed.
C01: Transmitted information:
If this condition is met, the disconnectors Both busbar disconnectors in
may always be operated in the feeder bays bay C01 closed
(even if the circuit-breakers of the feeders
are closed). Received information:
Coupler closed
2) From the feeders to the coupler:
Information that the busbars are connec- C02: Transmitted information:
ted via the disconnectors. As soon as the Coupler closed
two busbar disconnectors are closed in at Received information:
least one bay, coupler C02 can no longer Busbar disconnectors in bay C01 closed
be opened because otherwise it would no
longer be permissible to operate the dis- Busbar disconnectors in bay C03 closed
connectors in the feeders. This function C03: Transmitted information:
is called a coupler switch blocking. Each Both busbar disconnectors
feeder sends this information to the in bay C03 closed
coupler bay.
Received information:
n 3. Solution with SIPROTEC and DIGSI Coupler closed
Configuration of the substation interlocking These information items are created in a new
is best performed in four steps: group called “GOOSE” in the DIGSI matrix (see
1) Creation in the DIGSI matrix of the addi- Fig. 2 on the following page, example of the
tional GOOSE information items that are coupler unit in C02).
required
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been created, the CFC charts can also be
added for the switchgear interlocking (second
step). This is done by including the additional
Fig. 2 GOOSE information items in the DIGSI matrix (example of coupler C02). information in the release of the busbar
disconnectors (bays C01 and C03) and/or the
coupler circuit-breaker (bay C02).
The third step is to close the DIGSI device en-
gineering and create an IEC 61850 substa-
tion. This is done in the DIGSI manager in the
same way as creating a device. A new “house”
icon appears with the text “IEC 61850 substa-
tion” (Fig. 4).
This icon can be used to start the system
configurator, which manages the IP ad-
dresses of the subscribers and permits config-
uration of GOOSE communication. First, the
subscribers of the GOOSE communication are
defined. For this purpose, the substation is
opened with the right mouse button (via “Ob-
ject properties”) and the “Subscribers” tab is
selected (see Fig. 5 on the following page).
The upper area shows all available devices
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As soon as the device parameter sets have
been updated (triggered on the “Update” tab
of the window in Fig. 5), the device parame-
ter sets can be loaded. This update causes the Fig. 5 Selection of the subscribers of a IEC 61850 substation
GOOSE information to be written into the
parameter sets.
After that, the parameters sets can be loaded
into the SIPROTEC devices in the usual way.
Again using a right mouse click on the substa-
tion, “Export IEC 61850 substation” can now
be selected. The SCD file is then stored with
all information for IEC 61850 communicati-
on. This can then be imported by a client, for
example SICAM PAS. In our example, only the
information report is routed to the client via
the interface; the information required for
the interlocking across bays is handled solely
directly between the devices using GOOSE. LSP2854en.eps
Voltage at the BI
of the infeed
1
Cyclic GOOSE Cyclic GOOSE Spontaneous GOOSE Spontaneous GOOSE Cyclic GOOSE
I> picked up = 0 I> picked up = 0 I> picked up = 1 I> picked up = 0 I> picked up = 0
Transmitted
telegram
1 2 ms 4 ms 8 ms 1 2 ms t
LSA4765.eps
Cyclic repeat time e.g. 0,5 s 12 ms First repetition
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is selected (Fig. 5). Settings for the time zone
and daylight-saving/standard time switchover
can be set for a specific region. With this set-
ting, the device queries the SNTP timer about Fig. 4 Setting of the communication parameters
once a minute. The IP address of the time
server is set in a standardized way for all devi-
ces in the system configurator and does not
have to be configured separately in each
device.
In the network topology (see Section 5), the
devices works with an integrated switch in
the optical ring. Under “Communication” ->
“Ethernet on device”, “Switch” mode must be
chosen for the optical module (Fig. 6). This
setting must be made in the optical ring for
each device. This dialog box also allows you
to check the set IP address later.
In the routing matrix, the signals to be trans-
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mitted as the destination via the system inter-
face S are configured. Because the I> picked
up indication is defined as a mandatory mes-
sage in the IEC 61850 standard, it is already Fig. 5 Time setting dialog box in DIGSI
routed to S and cannot be unrouted by the
user. With a right-mouse click on the message,
it is possible to view the IEC 61850 message
text under “IEC 61850” (PROT/PTOC6/Str).
This information is also seen as plain text in
the protocol and will later be required in the
system configurator (see Fig. 7 on the follow-
ing page). After that, the unit is saved and
DIGSI automatically creates all the data of the
device that is necessary for IEC 61850 config-
uration.
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LSP2859en.eps
is routed to the CFC as the source because
the blocking is mapped there by logic blocks.
Moreover, a further message is created in the
Fig. 7 Routing of the pick-up message on system interface GOOSE group that generates an alarm if
IEC 61850 message text in “Object properties” window there is a disturbance in the GOOSE link
(GO-alarm). This information can, for exam-
ple, be routed to an LED, a contact, or the sys-
tem interface as the destination and used as
an alarm in the substation control unit.
GOOSE.
Blocks of category “SI_Get_Status (Decoder)”
Configured IEC 61850 message text are inserted and each is connected to the
Fig. 8 Settings in the device of the incoming feeder in the routing matrix pick-up signals of the right-hand margin
(sources) (see Fig. 9). Such a block has a
Left margin with Right margin “Value” output that indicates the ON/OFF
pick-up signals with DMT/IDMT state of the message at the input. The “NV”
received via I>> blk and GOOSE output stands for “not valid”. If a GOOSE sig-
GOOSE Status- alarm
blocks OR gate nal is no longer received, this output is set.
The pick-up signals are connected to an
“OR block” whose output goes to the blocking
of the I>> stage on the right-hand margin.
The NV outputs are connected with the GOOSE
alarm via an OR block. Depending on the
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Fig. 9 Formation of the blocking I>> stage and the GOOSE alarm in the CFC
LSP2862en.eps
addresses, which are normally accepted. Note
that network addresses of other devices, for
example, the time server, the PAS, and the
switches must be set with the configuration Fig. 10 Configuration of the signal connections in the system configurator
software of these devices. Only the IP ad-
dresses of SIPROTEC units are configured with
DIGSI. Moreover, the system configurator
does not show all devices. To avoid network
conflicts due to duplicate IP addresses, it is
advisable to draw up a list of all network de-
vices.
The next step is switchover to the connection
view. The system configurator offers a de-
fault GOOSE application that is renamed in
the right-hand “Properties” window (Reverse
Interlocking) and is set to high priority. This
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means that the GOOSE messages are repeat-
ed cyclically and spontaneously with high
frequency: every 0.5 s cyclically, starting with
Fig. 11 Updating of the devices with the IEC 61850 configuration
1 ms repetition on a spontaneous change to a
message.
4.6 Loading of the configuration data
The devices are listed with their signals on into the devices
the left-hand side below. For each device, the Under “Properties” (right mouse click on
protection pick-up must now be inserted as IEC 61850 station) and “Update” the parame-
the source signal in the connection view. It is ter sets of the devices are now updated with
helpful if the familiar SIPROTEC texts are dis- the IEC 61850 relevant data. The devices only
played along with the IEC 61850 standard have to be initialized once via the front serial
text (e.g. Fdr1.PROT.PTOC6.str.general). On interface. Then they are assigned with net-
the right, the destination signals are available work addresses and IEC 61850 configuration
that have been configured as “External single data. Further updates can be performed via
point indications” in the device of the incom- the Ethernet interface (Fig. 11).
ing feeder. In the connection view, a “Source”
is now connected to the “Target”. This is equi-
valent to conventional wiring of a contact to
a binary input. A source signal can also be
connected to multiple destinations, although
this is not required in this case.
When configuration has been completed, it is
saved and the system configurator is closed.
A configuration file of the station (SCD file)
is then generated automatically, which is in
conformance with the IEC 61850 standard
part 6.
Beneficial Engineering of
IEC 61850 Substation Automation
Systems
Engineering Activities
Control
System Levels Center
HMI Station Unit
Application (HMI)
Station
Level
Communication (CC-Interface)
Engineering Activities
Functional &
operational
requirements Tools Archive
Changes,
extensions
Fig. 2 The principles of SCL-centered engineering. ICDs = IED Capability Description files,
SCDs = Substation Configuration Description files.
tion and makes it easier to focus on the ap- f) Commissioning and operation
plication itself. The standardized and technology-oriented
• Built-in quality management. The built-in data model of the IEC 61850 standard, when
support of revision tags in SCL allows more combined with a tool that supports object-
effective detection of changes in configura- oriented templates, opens various benefits
tion files. In addition, the provided tools for current and future systems. In addition,
validate the IED model against the standard the comprehensive IED data models provide
and check its consistency. valuable information for the utility.
Bibliography
[1] K.-H. Schwarz “Impact of IEC 61850 on [5] IEC 61850-8-1, "Communication
system engineering, tools, peopleware, networks and systems in substations –
and the role of the system integrator”, Part 8-1: Communication Service
Proceedings of Distributech, San Diego, Mapping (SCSM) – Mappings to MMS
USA, Feb. 2007. (ISO 9506-1 and ISO 9506-2) and to
ISO/IEC 8802-3", Ed. 1, May 2004.
[2] IEC 61850-7-1, "Communication
networks and systems in substations – [6] IEC 61850-9-2, "Communication
Part 7-1: Basic communication structure networks and systems in substations –
for substation and feeder equipment – Part 9-2: Specific Communication Service
Principles and models", Ed. 1, Jul. 2003. Mapping (SCSM) – Sampled values over
ISO/IEC 8802-3", Ed. 1, Apr. 2004.
[3] IEC 61850-7-3, "Communication
networks and systems in substations – [7] IEC 61850-7-2, "Communication
Part 7-3: Basic communication structure networks and systems in substations –
for substation and feeder equipment – Part 7-2: Basic communication structure
Common data classes", Ed. 1, May 2003. for substation and feeder equipment –
Abstract communication service interface
[4] IEC 61850-7-4, "Communication
(ACSi)", Ed. 1, May 2003.
networks and systems in substations –
Part 7-4: Basic communication structure [8] IEC 61850-6, "Communication networks
for substation and feeder equipment – and systems in substations –
Compatible logical node classes and data Part 6: Configuration description
classes", Ed. 1, May 2003. language for communication in electrical
substations related to IEDs", Ed. 1,
March 2004.
[9] IEC 61850-4, "Communication networks
and systems in substations –
Part 4: System and project management",
Ed. 1, Jan. 2002.
CB ON
Ring line
Seamless Migration
LSP2864.eps
pliant interfaces. A rounded portfolio must
offer flexible options to meet the different
requirements of the applications and Fig. 1 400 kV outdoor switchgear
configurations. Basically two variants can be
selected. Either devices are coupled with a
-103 interface by means of serial hubs or mo-
dems or direct coupling to a bay control unit
is used. If a serial hub or modem is used,
Ethernet is the communication medium for
packing the telegrams according to
IEC 60870-5-103 into Ethernet containers
and for unpacking them again in the control
system, allowing the control system to de-
code the familiar -103 telegrams. If local
coupling via a bay control unit is used, the
IEC 60870-5-103 addresses are assigned to
a corresponding IEC 61850 address. In this
case, Ethernet as the communication me-
dium is not only means of transport; data is
also converted.
AK 1703 ACP
SICAM PA5
IEC 61850
TCP/IP Ethernet
BC 1703 ACP
Serial hub
TM 1703 ACP
Star Star
coupler Serial hub Serial hub coupler
n 4. Coupling the control center But solutions for each company’s own precur-
Another important aspect of migration is the sor systems are not the only requirement;
assignment of data models and communica- flexible configurations that include proprieta-
tion services of IEC 61850 to the telecontrol ry de-facto standards from the past must be
protocol per IEC 60870-5-101/-104 or DNP3.0 included in the overall solution.
for communication with the network control Only products and systems that support the
center. IEC’s technical committee TC 57 is cur- different protocol environments that are
rently working on a technical specification to necessary can permit efficient migration to
deal with this topic. The implementation of IEC 61850 solutions in the retrofitting busi-
this recommendation in products and engi- ness.
neering systems enables an efficient ap-
proach in each respective project and also n 6. Step-by-step introduction of the
avoids costly project-specific solutions. IEC 61850 into a substation
Compliance with such an IEC technical speci- The existing communication protocols are
fication ensures that all suppliers design the not the only important constraint that applies
interface in the same way and that a system in practical use.
control center knows exactly what IEC 61850
Above all, in refurbishment projects, where
object is behind a 101/104 information item,
substations are usually equipped with the
irrespective of which manufacturer actually
latest technology on a bay-by-bay basis, con-
installed the switchgear. Siemens AG is also
cepts are required to permit parallel, hetero-
providing decisive input for this standardiza-
geneous operation of the substation.
tion project and implementing it in products
For example, let us take a case of a substation
early on.
in which the interlockings in the existing
equipment were conventionally implemented
n 5. Migration to company-specific
by wiring while the interlockings in the new
precursor systems
equipment make use of the GOOSE mecha-
To achieve standardization, only solutions are nism.
dealt with that are based on communication
protocols that comply with the IEC standard. To prepare the interlocking logic for the final
Every manufacturer is required to provide mi- expansion stage in the re-equipped bays
gration methods from the company-specific while also providing the functionality of inter-
protocols previously used for substation auto- locking across bays during the conversion
mation or for the remote parameterization phase, position indications from the hard-
interface. wired part of the substation must be taken
into account in the new substation part du-
ring conversion. If a flexible coupling element
LSP2869.eps
migration step provides solutions that are
homogeneous, high-performance, and
future-proof (Fig. 3). Fig. 3 Upgrading an existing IED with IEC 61850 communication
n 4. Summary
Station unit
Hardware and software requirements for typi-
cal redundancy architectures were discussed
and advantages of the different design were
explained. The described configurations are
100 Mbit/s electrical Switch recommended because they are successfully
tested in comprehensive test scenarios by our
RS485 serial
IEC 60870-5-103
Siemens Test laboratory.
The highest benefit will be achieved with the
Serial hub optical Ethernet modules when working in
switch mode in one or more ring structures.
Field devices For this configuration just two or a few exter-
nal switches are necessary. All SIPROTEC de-
vices are automatically connected in a ring
Fig. 5 Connecting non-IEC61850 IEDs to the station bus structure to the network with both connec-
tions in active mode.
3.4 Connecting non-IEC61850 IEDs The integrated switch function of the optical
with serial interfaces Ethernet modules in the SIPROTEC device re-
If non-IEC 61850 IEDs need to be connected duce the required number of external devi-
to the station unit, then it is advisable to use ces, which decreases the configuration effort
a serial hub. In the station unit these IEDs to a minimum and makes the configuration
may then be configured to the same interface as simple as possible.
(e.g. communication port 3). Even in redun- In the event of errors or failures in the ring,
dant station unit configurations serial hubs reconfiguration times are between a very fast
can be integrated. In the master station unit 20 and 30 milliseconds.
this interface will be enabled and in the
standby station unit this interface will be dis-
abled. Once switchover occurs, these inter-
faces will be toggled. At first the interface
of the master station unit will have to be
switched off, subsequently the interface of
the standby station unit will have to be
enabled. Communication to the relevant IEDs
will have to be interrupted for a short period
of time. It will be necessary to use the auto-
mation and OPC interface for this implemen-
tation.
Serial hubs can also be used if you want to
configure a non-IEC 61850 SIPROTEC device
with DIGSI via the Ethernet. In this case the
path of communication is implemented in the
DIGSI PC with virtual COM ports. This virtual
COM port is assigned to the IP address of the
serial hub in the network. In this way you
have a kind of point-to-point connection be-
tween DIGSI and the SIPROTEC device. The bit
stream of the serial connection will be wrapp-
ed up in the Ethernet frames; every Ethernet
frame acts as a container for transporting the
information. At the receiver side, the infor-
mation will be unloaded out of the Ethernet
frames and reorganized for a serial connec-
tion to destination. All serial communication
will be “tunnelled” through the Ethernet.
IEC Interoperability,
Conformance and
Engineering Experiences
n 1. Overview
The interoperability tests carried out in the
past and the numerous customer projects
highlight the special importance of the stand-
ardized configuration language SCL (Substa-
tion Configuration Description Language).
IEC 61850 is the global communications stand-
ard for station automation. The conditions
that must be fulfilled so that the engineering
functions perfectly not only in equipment
from one manufacturer but also in so-called
mixed configurations can be identified in the
interoperability tests carried out in various
regions of the world.
n 2. Introduction
The last part of the IEC 61850 standard series,
the part relating to the requirements for con-
formity with the standard, was published in
May 2005. But even before this date, in
November 2004, the first IEC 61850-compli-
ant substation in the world with equipment
from Siemens went into service in
Winznauschachen (ATEL Switzerland).
By the end of 2007 Siemens carried out pro-
jects for more than 300 switching stations
with IEC 61850-compliant communication
between devices.
The advantages of IEC 61850 were already LSP2865.eps
apparent in these first substations. It was also
clear that certain preconditions had to be
met, for example conformity with standards
and standardized engineering.
Conformity of the communications interfaces
Fig. 1 Conformity certificate for SIPROTEC 4 device 7SJ64
of the individual device types with the stand-
ard is checked and certified (Fig. 1) on behalf
of the manufacturers by an independent test of the products and of the certification pro-
laboratory, for example KEMA in the Nether- cesses.
lands, see bibliography on page 41,
reference [1]. Another step for ensuring interoperable solu-
tions is the implementation of so-called inter-
This tests laboratory was accredited by the operability tests which are initiated, for
international user organization of the instance, by the user organization UCA inter-
IEC 61850, the UCA international, see biblio- national or by individual users, that is to say
graphy, ref. [2]. It works according to test electric utilities. Important tests included the
plans that have been drawn up jointly with interoperability demonstrations at the CIGRE
the user organization. Valuable experience 2004 and 2006 in Paris and in the exhibition
has been gathered in the first tests and certif- on the occasion of the Western Protective
ications of equipment with IEC 61850 inter- Relay Conference in Spokane (USA) in
face which indicates an extremely high quality October 2005; see Fig. 2 on next page.
LSP2866.eps
Fig. 2 CIGRE in Paris
n 3. IEC 61850-6 engineering process The file generated by the system configura-
Part 6 of standard IEC 61850 defines the Sub- tion tool is then re-imported the IED configu-
station Configuration Description Language ration tools. The individual IED configuration
(SCL) for a station automation system (SAS) tools read out the configuration parameters
[3]. This is the core element of the engineer- that are needed for the particular device.
ing according to IEC 61850. The SCL language The advantage of the engineering procedure
is not a programming language like Java, C++ described consists in the vendor-neutral and
or Assembler but is a system description lan- automated exchange of the configuration
guage based on XML . This means that a way data of both the IEDs (importing of the IED
has been found of describing the communi- file into the system configuration tool) and
cations and object model of a station auto- the communication system (importing the
mation system in machine-readable form system file back into the IED configuration
using the XML instruction set, see bibliogra- tools). Since vendor-specific tools are used
phy on page 41, ref. [4]. here as a general rule, it goes without saying
The IED and the system configuration of a that only SCL-compliant files can be process-
station automation system are implemented ed without error.
in the engineering process in accordance with
IEC 61850-6.
The actual parameterization of the selected
IEDs (Intelligent Electronic Devices) is imple-
mented with the vendor- and equipment-
specific IED configuration tools (IED Configu-
ration Tools). The DIGSI 4 tool is used for
SIPROTEC bay controllers and protection de-
vices. This tool is also used to create and
adapt the ICD (IED capability description)
files, see bibliography, ref. [5].
The description files of the IEDs are further
processed by a system configuration tool in
the system engineering. The result of the
engineering in the system configuration tool
is a description file for the configuration of
the station automation system (SCD -
Substation Configuration Description).
LSP2867.eps
Fig. 3 IEC 61850 system configuration tool in DIGSI 4 tool
LSP2868en.eps
For installation the IEC browser freeware is
available free of charge on the DIGSI program
CD (V 4.80 and newer).
Fig. 1
First import the ICD files of the individual de-
vices of an IEC 61850 station. Then connect
to the devices that are connected to the same The IEC browser is a powerful tool for analyz-
network. Even more conveniently, you can ing and testing the IEC 61850 client – server
load the completely configured station, i.e. its communication. This program is free of
SCD files. Here, all IP addresses are stored, of charge for every DIGSI user. It can be oper-
course, and clicking “Connect” is all you need ated in parallel to DIGSI so that changes to
to do to establish the connection. the IEC 61850 parameterization are directly
traceable in the browser.
It is easy to find what you are looking for: the
IEC 61850 data objects are clearly organized
and displayed in a tree structure together
with their familiar descriptions from the de-
vice context. In AutoRefresh mode, changes
to the IEC 61850 object list are displayed im-
mediately without manual triggering.
Furthermore, it is possible to configure dynam-
ic reports that are then spontaneously sent to
the browser by the device, if data objects
have changed. These reports can be changed
or deleted directly from the IEC browser with-
out first having to create them in the system
configurator. But the reports and the GOOSE
applications that were configured in the sys-
tem configurator are also displayed by the
browser in online mode. You can change con-
trollable data objects using the IEC browser:
This makes it possible for commands to be
transferred to the device as a test.
Exclusion of liability
We have checked the contents of this manual
for agreement with the hardware and soft-
ware described. Since deviations cannot be
precluded entirely, we cannot guarantee that
the applications described will function cor-
rectly in any system.
Copyright
Copyright Siemens AG 2007.
All rights reserved
The reproduction, transmission or use of this
document or its contents is not permitted
without express written authority. Offenders
will be liable for damages. All rights, includ-
ing rights created by patent grant or regi-
stration of a utility model or design, are
reserved.
Registered trademarks
SIPROTEC, SICAM and DIGSI are registered
trademarks of SIEMENS AG. The other names
appearing in this manual may be trade names
the use of which by third parties for their own
purposes may infringe the rights of the
owners.
The information in this document contains general descriptions of the technical options available, which do not always have to be present in individual cases.
The required features should therefore be specified in each individual case at the time of closing the contract.