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The Cage of Melancholy Identity and Metamorphosis in the Mexican Character Roger Bartra Translated by Christopher J. Hall ka Rutgers University Press New Brunswick, New Jersey 12. Toward Metamorphosis Over the ancient sorrow, over the “old tear" of the Mexican people, a light of hope has begun to shine. Pedro Henriquez Urefia, Estudios mexicanos Thee they are—miserable and ragged, the /pero and his Maria scratching at the borders of the cloth covering the long tables at the sumptuous banquet of history. They have been condemned to immerse themselves in their own indifference and to get drunk in the filth of the carth. Under the table they roll around in sexual promiscuity with those of theit kind. Suddenly the ragged troop’s camp follower stands up, a huge figure ‘made pregnant by the forces of progress. Her stooping Adam, in peasant Clothes and sporting a revolutionary moustache, reveals Promethean mus- culature. The Mexican soil has received the new seed, and the Revolution explodes against the Mexico of courtesy and dissemblance, to open the way forthe “brutal, glittering face of fiesta and death, of brawling and bullets, of carnival and love,” as Octavio Paz puts it.' The Revolution is an impressive spectacle for the intelligentsia: Oddly, those who appeared destined to live with their heads bowed down manage somehow to rebel and are transformed. At the bottom of the well of the Mexican spiric is not only sadness, but also an unexpected potential for Violence. Itis possible, according to many, to harness this energy in order to

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