Suhardi

Jr. Production Engineer

Tarakan, November 2015
 Knowledge’s will Shared:

• Artificial Lift Basic Concepts

• Part list and How its works: SRP, ESP, HJP, PCP, GL
• Artificial Lift Selection

2
 Knowledge’s will Shared:

• Artificial Lift Basic Concepts

• Part list and How its works: SRP, ESP, HJP, PCP, GL
• Artificial Lift Selection

3
Global Artificial Lift

4
 Artificial Lift Concept

Well Head Gas Pressure

0 Pwh Pr

Liquid

Separator

Pump

PIP

Depth
DP

Reservoir Fluid

Reservoir

5
 Artificial Lift Concept

Pt Pressure
0 Pwh Pr
Gas
Gas

(ΔP)trav Two Phase

Depth
GLV Reservoir Fluid

Pwf

Reservoir

6
 Reservoir Fluids Production Concept

0 Pwh
Pressure
Pr IPR Curve

Pr

2
PIP
Pwf
Depth

DP

Reservoir Fluid

Pwf
QAOF
qL
7
 Knowledge’s will Shared:

• Artificial Lift Basic Concepts

• Arlift System and How its Works:

SRP, ESP, HJP, PCP, GL

• Artificial Lift Selection

8
Sucker Rod Pump

9
Sucker Rod Pump

10
Electric Submersible Pump

11
 Electric Submersible Pump

Impeller

12
Hydraulic Jet Pump

13
Hydraulic Jet Pump

PIP

14
Progressive Cavity Pump

15
Gas Lift

Pressure
0 Pwh Pgi Pr

Gas

Two Phase

Depth
GLV Reservoir Fluid

16
Gas Lift

17
 Knowledge’s will Shared:

• Artificial Lift Basic Concepts

• Arlift System and How its Works: SRP, ESP, HJP, PCP, GL

• Artificial Lift Selection

18
 CAPITAL COST OF THE ARTIFICIAL
LIFT METHODS

Sucker PCP ESP Hydraulic Hydraulic Continuo- Intermitte Plunger

Rod Reciproca Jet us -nt Lift
Pumping ting Systems Gas Lift Gas Lift
Pumping
Low to Low: Relatively Varies but competiti Well Same as Very Low:
moderate: Increase Low often ve with Equipment continuous only cost
Increase with depth capital competitiv rod costs low flow gas well
with depth and larger cost if but lines lift equipment
e with rod pumps.
and larger rates. commerci and if no
pumps. Cost compressi
unit. al electric compresso
Multiple increases on cost
power r required
well, central with higher may be
available.
systems horse high.
Costs
reduce cost power
increase Central
per well but
as horse compressi
is more
power on system
complicate
increase reduces
d.
cost per
well
 OPERATING COSTS OF THE
ARTIFICIAL LIFT METHODS

Sucker PCP ESP Hydraulic Hydraulic Continuo- Intermitte- Plunger Lift

Rod Reciprocat Jet us nt
Pumping ing Systems Gas Lift Gas Lift
Pumping
Very Low Potentially Varies: Often higher Higher Well costs Same as Usually
for shallow Low: but capital than rod power cost low. continuous Very Low:
to medium short run cost if pump even owing to Compressi flow gas lift
depth (< life on horse for free horse on cost
7500 ft) stator or power is systems. power vary
land rotor high, Short run requiremen depending
locations frequently energy life t. Low on fuel cost
with low reported. costs are increases pump and
production high. High total maintenanc compressor
(< 400 pulling operating e cost maintenanc
BFPD) costs costs. typical with e. Key is to
result from properly inject as
short run size d deeply as
life. Often throath and possible
repair nozzle. with
costs are optimum
high. GLR.
 EFFICIENCY (OUTPUT HP/INPUT HP)
OF THE ARTIFICIAL LIFT METHODS

Sucker PCP ESP Hydraulic Hydraulic Continuo- Intermitte- Plunger Lift

Rod Reciprocat Jet us nt
Pumping ing Systems Gas Lift Gas Lift
Pumping
Excellent Excellent : Good for Fair to good: Fair to Fair: Poor: Excellent
total may exceed high rate not as good poor. Increases for flowing
Normally
system rod pumps wells but as rod for wells wells. No
decrease Max requires a
Efficiency, for ideal significantly
pumping efficiency that require high input
full pump cases. for < 1000 owing to only 30 %. small injection energy
fillage Reported BFPD. GLR, friction Heavily injection gas volume/ required
efficiency system Typical total and pump influenced GLR’s. Low barrel fluid. because it
typically efficiency efficiency is wear. by power for wells Typical Lift uses the
about 50 – 50% to 70% about 50% Efficiencies requiring energy of
fluid plus efficiency is
60 % More for high rate range from high GLR’s. the well.
well, but for production 5 % to 10 %.
feasible if operating < 1000
30% to 40% gradient. Typical Improve Good event
well is not data BFPD, with GLR > Typical efficiencies with when small
over pump needed. efficiency 100; may be operating of 20% but plunger. supplemant
typically < higher with efficiencies range from ary gas
40 %. lower GLR. of 10 % to 5% to 30 %. added.
20 %.
 FLEXIBILITY OF THE ARTIFICIAL LIFT
METHODS

Sucker PCP ESP Hydraulic Hydraulic Continuo- Intermitte- Plunger Lift

Rod Reciprocat Jet us nt
Pumping ing Systems Gas Lift Gas Lift
Pumping
Excellent: Fair: Poor: Good/ Good to Excellent: Good: Good for
Can alter Can alter Pumps Excellent. Excellent. Gas Must adjust low volume
stroke speed. usually run Can vary Power fluid injection injection wells. Can
speed and Hydraulic at fixed power fluid rate and rate varies time and adjust
length, unit speed. rate and pressure to change cycle injection
plunger provides Requires speed of adjusts the rates. frequency time and
size, and additional careful downhole production Tubing frequency.
run time to flexibility sizing. pump. rate and lift need to be
control but at Must size Numerous capacity. sized
production added cost. pump pump sizes Selection of correctly
rate. properly. and pump / throat and
engine ratio nozzle
adapt to sizes
production extend
and depth range of
needs. volume and
capacity.
 MISCELLANEOUS PROBLEMS OF
THE ARTIFICIAL LIFT METHODS

Sucker PCP ESP Hydraulic Hydraulic Continuo- Intermitte- Plunger Lift

Rod Reciprocat Jet us nt
Pumping ing Systems Gas Lift Gas Lift
Pumping
Stuffing May have Requires a Power fluid More A Highly Labor Plunger
box leakage limited highly solids control tolerant of reliable intensive to hangup or
may be service in reliable essential. power fluid compressor keep fine sticking
Need 15 ppm
messy and some area. electric of 15-µm
solids; 200 with 95% tuned; may be a
potential Because power particle size ppm of 25- run time otherwise, major
hazard. this is a system. max to avoid µm particle required. poor problem.
newer Method excessive acceptable. Gas must performanc
method, sensitive engine wear. Power be e.
field to rate Must add water dehydrated Maintaining
knowledge changes. surfactant to a (fresh, properly to steady gas
water power
and fluid for
produced, avoid gas flow often
experience lubricity. or freezing. causes
are limited. Triple plunger seawater) injection
leakage acceptable. gas
control measureme
required. nt and
operating
problems.
 RELIABILITY OF THE ARTIFICIAL LIFT
METHODS

Sucker PCP ESP Hydraulic Hydraulic Continuo- Intermitte- Plunger Lift

Rod Reciprocat Jet us nt
Pumping ing Systems Gas Lift Gas Lift
Pumping
Excellent: Good: Varies: Good with a Good with a Excellent if Excellent if Good if well
correctly proper compressio there is an production
Run time Normally Excellent
designed throat and n system adequate is stable.
efficiency > overpumpin for ideal lift supply of
95% if good g and lack cases; and nozzle properly injection gas
operating of poor for operated sizing for design and and an
practices experience problem system. the maintained adequate low
are decreases areas. Very operating pressure
followed run time. sensitive conditions. storage
Must avoid volume for
and if to
operating in injection gas.
corrosion, operating System must
wax, temperatur cavitation be designed
asphaltenes es and range of jet for unsteady
, solids, electrical pump gas flow
deviations malfunctio throat; rates.
etc. are ns.
controlled.
 SALVAGE VALUE OF THE ARTIFICIAL
LIFT METHODS

Sucker PCP ESP Hydraulic Hydraulic Continuo- Intermitte- Plunger Lift

Rod Reciprocat Jet us nt
Pumping ing Systems Gas Lift Gas Lift
Pumping
Excellent : Fair/poor: Fair: Fair market Good: Fair: Same as Fair:
Easy Easy Some for triple Easy Some continuous Some trade
moved and moved and trade in pumps. moved. market for flow gas lift in value.
good some value. Poor Good values Some trade good used Poor open
market for current open for wellsite in value. compressor market
used market for market system that Fair market s and some value.
equipment. used values. can be for triplex trade in
equipment. moved pump. value for
easily. mandrels
and valves.
 DEPTH LIMIT OF THE ARTIFICIAL LIFT
METHODS
Sucker PCP ESP Hydraulic Hydraulic Continuo- Intermitte- Plunger Lift
Rod Reciprocat Jet us nt
Pumping ing Systems Gas Lift Gas Lift
Pumping
Good: Poor: Usually Excellent: Excellent: Controled Usually Typically <
Rods or Limited to limited to Limited by Similar by system limited by 10,000 ft
structure relatively motor power-fluid limits as injection fallback;
may limit shallow horse pressure reciprocatin pressure few wells >
rate at depths power or (5000 psi) or g pump. and fluid 10,000 ft
depth. possibly temperatur horsepower. Practical rates.
Effectively, 5000 ft. e Low-volume depth of Typically,
about 500 Practical / high-lift 20,000 ft. for 1000
B/D at 7500 depth head pumps B/D with 2.5
ft and 150 about operating at in normal
B/D at 10,000 ft depths to tubing,
15,000 ft 17,000 ft. 1440 psi lift
system, and
1000 GLR,
has an
injection
depth of
about
10,000 ft
 LOW VOLUME LIFT CAPABILITY OF
THE ARTIFICIAL LIFT METHODS
Sucker PCP ESP Hydraulic Hydraulic Continuo- Intermitte- Plunger Lift
Rod Reciprocat Jet us nt
Pumping ing Systems Gas Lift Gas Lift
Pumping
Excellent: Excellent Generally Fair: Fair: > 200 Fair: Good: Excellent:
Most For <100 Poor: Not as good BFPD from Limited by Limited by for low flow
4000 ft. heading and rates of 1 to
commonly BFPD Lower as rod efficiency
slippage. 2 BFPD
used shallow efficiencie pumping. Avoiding
and
method for wells that s and high Typically economic with high
unstable flow
wells do not operating 100 to 300 range. limit. GLR’s.
producing < pump off. costs for BFPD from Typically Typically ½
100 BFPD rates < 400 4000 to lower limit is to 4
BFPD 10,000 ft; > 200 BFPD bbl/cycle
BFPD for 2 “
75 BFPD with up to
tubing
from 12,000 without
48 cycles/D
ft possible. heading; 400
B/D for 2.5 “
and 700 B/D
for 3” tubing.
 HIGH- VOLUME LIFT CAPABILITY OF
THE ARTIFICIAL LIFT METHODS
Sucker PCP ESP Hydraulic Hydraulic Continuo- Intermitte- Plunger Lift
Rod Reciprocat Jet us nt
Pumping ing Systems Gas Lift Gas Lift
Pumping
Fair: Poor: Excellent: Good: Excellent: Excellent: Poor: Poor:
Restricted Restricted Limited by Limited by Up to Restricted by Limited by Limited by
needed HP 15,000 tubing size
to shallow to tubular and cycle number of
and can be BFPD with and injection
depths relativelly restricted by
HP. Typically gas rate and
volume and cycles
using large small rates. 3000 BFPD adequate number of Possible
casing size. depth.
plungers. Possibly In 5.5” from 4000 ft flowing Depending on possible 200 BFPD
Maximum 2000 BFPD casing, can and 1000 bottom reservoir injection from 10,000
rate about from 2000 ft produce BFPD from hole pressure and cycles. ft.
4000 BFPD and 200 4000 BFPD 10,000 ft pressure, PI, with 4 in, Typically
from 4000 ft tubular nominal
from 1000 ft BFPD from with 3500 about 200
with 240 HP. size, and tubing, rates
ft and 1000 5000 ft. Tandem
psi system. of 5000 B/D
BFPD from
BFPD from HP. 10,000 ft
motors can from 10000 ft
5000 ft. be used but feasible with with < 250
will increase 1440 psi psi pump
cost. injection gas intake
and GLR of pressure.
1000.
 TEMPERATURE LIMITATION OF THE
ARTIFICIAL LIFT METHODS
Sucker PCP ESP Hydraulic Hydraulic Continuo- Intermitte- Plunger Lift
Rod Reciprocat Jet us nt
Pumping ing Systems Gas Lift Gas Lift
Pumping
Excellent : Fair: Limited: to Excellent: Excellent: Excellent: Same as Excellent.
Current Limited to < 250 F for Standard Possible to Typical continuous
used in stator standard materials to operate to maximum flow gas lift
thermal elastomer. and < 325 300 F and to 500 F with of about
operational At present F with 500 F special 350F, need
s ( 550 oF) normally special feasible with material. to know
below 250 motors special temperatur
F. and cable. materials. es to
design
bellows
charged
valves.
 HIGH VISCOSITY FLUID HANDLING CAPABILITY OF
THE ARTIFICIAL LIFT METHODS
Sucker PCP ESP Hydraulic Hydraulic Continuo- Intermitte- Plunger Lift
Rod Reciprocat Jet us nt
Pumping ing Systems Gas Lift Gas Lift
Pumping
Excellent : Excellent Fair: Good: > 8 Good/ Fair: Same as Normally
Good for < for high Limited to
oAPI Excellent: Few continuous not
200 cp high about 200 Production Production problems flow gas lift applicable.
fluids and viscosity cp. with < 500 with up to for > 16 API
low rates fluids with Increase cp possible. 800 cp or below 20
(400b/d). no stator / horse Power fluid possible. cp
Rod fall rotator power and can be used Power oil of viscosity.
problem for problem reduce to dillute > 24o API Excellent
high rates. head. low- gravity and < 50 cp for high
High rates Potential production. or water water cut
may require solution is power fluid lift even
diluent to to use reduces with high
lower “core friction viscosity
viscosity. Flow” with loss. oil.
20 % water.
 CORROSION / SCALE HANDLING ABILITY OF THE
ARTIFICIAL LIFT METHODS
Sucker PCP ESP Hydraulic Hydraulic Continuo- Intermitte- Plunger Lift
Rod Reciprocat Jet us nt
Pumping ing Systems Gas Lift Gas Lift
Pumping
Good to Good: Fair : Good / Good / Good: Same as Fair:
Excellent : Batch Batch Excellent: Excellent: Inhibitor in continuous Normal
Batch treating treating Batch or Inhibitor the flow gas lift production
treating inhibitor inhibitor continuous with power injection cycle must
inhibitor down only to treating fluid mixes gas and / or be
down annulus intake inhibition with batch interrupted
annulus feasible. unless can be produced inhibiting to batch
used shroud is circulated fluid at down treat the
frequently used. with power entry of jet tubing well.
for both fluid for pump feasible.
corrosion effective throat. Steps must
and scale control. Batch treat be taken to
control. down avoid
annulus corrosion
feasible. in injection
gas lines.
 CROOKED / DEVIATED HOLES OF THE ARTIFICIAL
LIFT METHODS
Sucker PCP ESP Hydraulic Hydraulic Continuo- Intermitte- Plunger Lift
Rod Reciprocat Jet us nt
Pumping ing Systems Gas Lift Gas Lift
Pumping
Fair: Poor to Good: Few Excellent: If Excellent: Excellent: Same as Excellent:
Increase Fair: problems. tubing can Short jet Few continuous
load and Increased Limited be run in the pump can wireline flow gas lift
wear load and experience well, pump pass problems
problems. wear in normally will through up to 70o
High angle problems. horizontal pass doglegs up deviation
deviated Currently, wells. through the to 24o/100 for wireline
holes ( > very few Requires tubing. Free ft. In 2-in retrievable
70o) and known long radius pump nominal valves.
horizontal installation wellbore retrieved tubing.Sam
wells are s. bends to without e
being get pulling conditions
produced. through. tubing. as
Some Feasible hydraulic
success in operation in reciprocatin
pumping horizontal g pump.
15o/100 ft wells.
using rod
guides.
 GAS HANDLING ABILITY OF THE ARTIFICIAL LIFT
METHODS
Sucker PCP ESP Hydraulic Hydraulic Continuo- Intermitte- Plunger Lift
Rod Reciprocat Jet us nt
Pumping ing Systems Gas Lift Gas Lift
Pumping
Good if can Poor Poor: for Good / Fair Simmilar to Excellent: Same as Excellent:
vent and if must free gas ( concentric Hydraulic Produced continuous
use natural pump any i.e. > 5 % fixed pump reciprocatin gas flow gas lift
gas anchor free gas. through or parallel g pump. reduces
with pump). free permits Free gas gas need
properly Rotary gas gas venting reduces for injection
designed separators with suitable efficiency gas.
pump. Poor helpful if downhole but help lift.
if must solid not gas Vent free
pump > 50 produced. separator gas if
% free gas. bellow pump possible.
intake. Use gas
Casing free anchor.
pump
limited to
low GLR’s.
 OFFSHORE APPLICATION OF THE ARTIFICIAL LIFT
METHODS
Sucker PCP ESP Hydraulic Hydraulic Continuo- Intermitte- Plunger Lift
Rod Reciprocat Jet us nt
Pumping ing Systems Gas Lift Gas Lift
Pumping
Poor: Poor Good Fair: Good: Excellent: Poor in Excellent:
Must May have Must Feasible Most wells for correct
design for some provide operation in Common needing application.
unit size, special electrical highly method if sand
weight, and application power and deviated adequate control.
pulling offshore. service wells. injection Use of
space. Most However pulling Requires gas standing
wells are pulling unit unit. deck space available. valve risky.
deviated needed. for treating Heading
and tanks and causes
typically pump. operating
produces problems.
sand.
 PARAFFIN HANDLING CAPABILITY OF THE
ARTIFICIAL LIFT METHODS
Sucker PCP ESP Hydraulic Hydraulic Continuo- Intermitte- Plunger Lift
Rod Reciprocat Jet us nt
Pumping ing Systems Gas Lift Gas Lift
Pumping
Fair / Good Fair Fair Good / Same as Good: Same as Excellent:
Hot water / tubing may Hot water Excellent: hydraulic Mechanical continuous cuts
oil treating need /oil Circulate reciprocatin cutting flow Gas paraffin and
end /or use treatment. treatments. heat to g pump. sometime Lift. removes
of Rod Mechanical down hole required. small
screppers scrapper cutting, pump to Injection deposits.
possible not used. batch minimize gas may
but they Possible to inhibition buildup. aggrevate
increase unseat possible. Mechanical an existing
operating pump and cutting and problem.
problems circulate inhibition
and costs. hot fluid. possible.
Soluble
plugs
available.
Free pump
can be
surfaced on
a schedule
 SOLIDS/ SAND HANDLING ABILITY OF THE
ARTIFICIAL LIFT METHODS
Sucker PCP ESP Hydraulic Hydraulic Continuo- Intermitte- Plunger Lift
Rod Reciprocati Jet us nt
Pumping ng Pumping Systems Gas Lift Gas Lift

Poor / Fair: Excellent: Poor: Poor: Fair / Good: Excellent: Fair: Sand can
For low Up to 50% Requires Requires < 10 Jet pump Limit is Standing stick
viscosity ( < sand with <200 ppm ppm solids are inflow and valve may plunger;
10 cp) high solids. power fluids operating surface cause however,
production. viscosity Improved for good run with 3% problems. problems plunger
Improved (>200cp) wear life. Also sand in Typical limit wipes
performanc crude. resistant produced produced is 0.1% tubing
e for high Decreases materials fluids mush fluid. Power sand for clean.
viscosity ( > to <10% available have low fluid to jet inflow and
200cp) sand for at solids (< 200 pump can outflow
cases. May water premium ppm of 15- tolerate 200 problems.
be able to producer. cost. µm particles) ppm of 25-
handle up for µm particle
to 0.1% reasonable size. Fresh
sand with life. Use fresh water
special water treatment
pump. injection for for salt
salt buld up buildup
problems. possible.
 SLIM HOLE COMPLETIONS ( 2 7/8 IN PRODUCTION
CASING STRING OF THE ARTIFICIAL LIFT METHODS
Sucker PCP ESP Hydraulic Hydraulic Continuo- Intermitte- Plunger Lift
Rod Reciprocat Jet us nt
Pumping ing Systems Gas Lift Gas Lift
Pumping
Feasible for Feasible if Not Known Possible but Same as Feasible Same as Good:
low rates (< low rates, installation may have hydraulic but can be continuous Similar to
100 B/D) low GOR’s, high friction reciprocatin trouble flow. casing lift
and low and shallow losses or g pump. some and but must
GOR (<250). depths but gas inefficient. have
Typically no known problems. adequate
are used installation Suitable for formation
with 1.5 in s. low rates gas.
nominal and low
tubing. GLR’s.
 DUALS APPLICATION OF THE ARTIFICIAL LIFT METHODS

Sucker PCP ESP Hydraulic Hydraulic Continuo-us Intermitt Plunger Lift

Rod Reciprocat Jet Gas Lift e-nt
Pumping ing Systems Gas Lift
Pumping
Fair for Not Known Not Known Fair: three Same as FAIR: Same as No know
parallel 2 x installation instalation. strings non hydraulic Dual gas lift continuou installation
2 in, low Larger vented reciprocatin common but s flow.
rates duas casing applications g pump good operating
of dual lift
feasible would be have been except can
complicated
inside 7-in needed. made with possibly and inefficient
casing. Possible completed handle resulting in
Duals run and isolation of higher reduced rates.
inside 5.5 in pull production GLR’s but Parallel 2 x 2 in
casing problems. and power at reduced . Nominal
currently fluid from efficiency. tubing inside 7-
in casing and
not in favor. each zone.
3x3 in tubing
Gas is a Limited to inside 9 5/8 in
problem low GLR’s casing feasible.
from lower and
zone. moderate
Increased rates.
mechanical
problems.
 CASING SIZE LIMITS (RESTRICS TUBING SIZE) OF THE
ARTIFICIAL LIFT METHODS
Sucker PCP ESP Hydraulic Hydraulic Continuo-us Intermitt Plunger Lift
Rod Reciprocat Jet Gas Lift e-nt
Pumping ing Systems Gas Lift
Pumping
Problems Fair:* Limited:* Excellent:* Excellent: * The use of 4.5 Small Small
only in high Limited to to < 250 F Standard Possible to and 5.5 in. casing casing
rate wells stator for materials to operate to casing with (4.5 – 5.5 suitable for
requiring elastomer. standard 300 F and to 500 F with 2in nominal in) this low
large At present and < 325 500 F special tubing normally volume lift.
plunger normally F with feasible with material. normally is not a Annulus
pumps. below 250 special special limits rates to problem must have
Small F. motors materials. < 1000 B/D. for this adequate
casing and cable. For rates > relatively gas storage
sizes (4.5 – 5000 B/D use low volume.
and 5.5-in) > 7 in casing volume
may limit and > 3.5 in lift.
free gas tubing
separation. needed.
 INTAKE CAPABILITIES OF THE ARTIFICIAL LIFT METHODS

Sucker PCP ESP Hydraulic Hydraulic Continuo-us Intermitt Plunger Lift

Rod Reciprocat Jet Gas Lift e-nt
Pumping ing Systems Gas Lift
Pumping
Excellent : Good: Fair: Fair: Poor to fair. Poor: Fair: Good:
< 25 psig < 100 psi If little free Not as good > 350 psig Restricted by when bottom hole
feasible provided gas (i.e. > as rod to 5000 ft the gradient used pressures <
provided adequate 250 psi pumping. with low of the gas without 150 psi at
adequate displaceme pump Intake GLR. lifted fluids. chamber. 10,000 ft for
displaceme nt and gas intake pressure < Typically Typically PIP> 250 low-rate,
nt and gas venting. pressure). 100 psi design moderate rate psi for high GLR
venting. Poor if usually target is is limited to 10,000 ft wells.
Typically pump must results in 25% about 100 psi well.
about 50 to handle > frequent submergen /1000 ft Good
100 psig. 5% free pump ce. injected when
gas. repairs. Free depth. Thus, used with
gas reduces the back chamber.
efficiency pressure on PIP of
and service 10,000 ft well <250 psi
life. may be > feasible
1000 psig. at 10,000
ft.
 NOICE LEVEL OF THE ARTIFICIAL LIFT METHODS

Sucker PCP ESP Hydraulic Hydraulic Continuo-us Intermitt Plunger Lift

Rod Reciprocat Jet Gas Lift e-nt
Pumping ing Systems Gas Lift
Pumping
Fair: Good: Excellent: Good: well Same as Low at well Same as Low.
moderately surface low noice. noice low. hydraulic but noisy continuou
high for prime Often Wellsite reciprocatin compressor s
urban mover preferred power –fluid g pump.
areas. provides in urban units can be
the only areas if sound
noice production proofed.
high.
 OBSTRUCSIVENESS OF THE ARTIFICIAL LIFT METHODS

Sucker PCP ESP Hydraulic Hydraulic Continuo-us Intermitt Plunger Lift

Rod Reciprocat Jet Gas Lift e-nt
Pumping ing Systems Gas Lift
Pumping
Size and Good: Good: Fair to good: Same as Good low Same as Good
operation is Low-profile Low profile Wellhead hydraulic profile; but continuou
are surface but equipment reciprocatin must provide s
drawback equipment. requires has low g pump: for
in transforme profile. compressor
populated r bank. Requires safety
and farming Transform surface precautions
areas. er may treating and must be
Special low requires high taken for high
profile units problems pressure pressure gas
are in urban pumping line.
available. areas. equipment.
 PRIME MOVER FLEXIBILITY OF THE ARTIFICIAL LIFT
METHODS
Sucker PCP ESP Hydraulic Hydraulic Continuo-us Intermitt Plunger Lift
Rod Reciprocat Jet Gas Lift e-nt
Pumping ing Systems Gas Lift
Pumping
Good : Good: Fair: Excellent: Same as Good: Same as None
both engine Both Requires a Prime mover hydraulic Engines, continuou normally
and motors engines or good can be reciprocatin turbine, or s required.
can be used motors can power electric g pump: motors can
easily be used. sources motor, gas, be used for
(motors without or diesel- compression.
more spikes or fired
reliable and interruptio engines or
flexible) ns. Higher motors.
voltage s
can
reduces
I2R losses.
 SURVEILLANCE OF THE ARTIFICIAL LIFT METHODS

Sucker PCP ESP Hydraulic Hydraulic Continuo-us Intermitt Plunger Lift

Rod Reciprocat Jet Gas Lift e-nt
Pumping ing Systems Gas Lift
Pumping
Excellent: Fair: Fair: Good/fair: Same as Good/ Fair: Good:
Can be Analysis Electrical Down hole hydraulic excellent: can Complicat depends on
easily based on ckecks but pump reciprocatin be analyzed ed by good well
analyzed production special performance g pump. easily. standing test and
based on and fluid equipment can be Bottom hole valve and well
well test, levels only. needed analyzed pressure and fallback. pressure
fluid level, Dynamomet otherwise. from surface production chart.
etc. ers and power fluid log surveys
analysis pump-off rates and easily
improved cards not pressure, obtained.
by use of possible to speed, and Optimization
dynamomet use. producing and computer
er and rate. control being
computers. Bottomhole attempted.
pressure
obtained
with free
pump.
 TESTING OF THE ARTIFICIAL LIFT METHODS

Sucker PCP ESP Hydraulic Hydraulic Continuo-us Intermitt Plunger Lift

Rod Reciprocat Jet Gas Lift e-nt
Pumping ing Systems Gas Lift
Pumping
Good : Good: Good: Fair: Same as Fair: Poor: Well testing
Well testing Well testing Simple Well testing hydraulic Well testing Well simple with
is simple simple with with few standard reciprocatin complicated testing few
with few few problems. individual g pump: by injection complicat problems.
problems problems High-water well units Three-stage gas ed by
using – cut and presents few production volume/rate. injection
standard high-rate problems. test can be Formation gas
available wells may Well testing conducted GLR obtained volume /
equipment require a with a by by rate.
and free water central adjusting subtracting Measure
procedures. knock-out. system production total ment of
more step rates, produced gas both
complex; pressured from injected input and
requires recorder in gas. Gas outflow
accurate place to measurement gas a
power fluid monitor error problem.
measureme intake common
nt pressure.
Artificial Lift Selection

46