ANNA LINA LIMOS BAFM

What Are Human Rights?

Human rights are rights inherent to all human beings, regardless of race, sex,
nationality, ethnicity, language, religion, or any other status. Human rights include the
right to life and liberty, freedom from slavery and torture, freedom of opinion and
expression, the right to work and education, and many more. Everyone is entitled to
these rights, without discrimination.

How do human rights help you?

Human rights are relevant to all of us, not just those who face repression or
mistreatment.
They protect you in many areas of your day-to-day life, including:

 your right to have and express your own opinions

 your right to an education
 your right to a private and family life
 your right not to be mistreated or wrongly punished by the state

 Marriage and Family. Every grown-up has the right to marry and have a
family if they want to. Men and women have the same rights when they are
married, and when they are separated.
 The Right to Your Own Things. Everyone has the right to own things or
share them. Nobody should take our things from us without a good reason.

 Freedom of Thought. We all have the right to believe in what we want to

believe, to have a religion, or to change it if we want.

 Freedom of Expression. We all have the right to make up our own minds, to
think what we like, to say what we think, and to share our ideas with other
people.

 The Right to Public Assembly. We all have the right to meet our friends and
to work together in peace to defend our rights. Nobody can make us join a
group if we don’t want to.
 The Right to Democracy. We all have the right to take part in the
government of our country. Every grown-up should be allowed to choose their
own leaders.
  Social Security. We all have the right to affordable housing, medicine,
education, and childcare, enough money to live on and medical help if we are
ill or old.

 Workers’ Rights. Every grown-up has the right to do a job, to a fair wage for
their work, and to join a trade union.

 The Right to Play. We all have the right to rest from work and to relax.

 Food and Shelter for All. We all have the right to a good life. Mothers and
children, people who are old, unemployed or disabled, and all people have
the right to be cared for.

 The Right to Education. Education is a right. Primary school should be free.

We should learn about the United Nations and how to get on with others. Our
parents can choose what we learn.

 Copyright. Copyright is a special law that protects one’s own artistic

creations and writings; others cannot make copies without permission. We all
have the right to our own way of life and to enjoy the good things that art,
science and learning bring.

 A Fair and Free World. There must be proper order so we can all enjoy
rights and freedoms in our own country and all over the world.

 Responsibility. We have a duty to other people, and we should protect their

rights and freedoms.

What are Civil Rights? The Basics

Before you can protect your civil rights, you must recognize and know what they
are. Civil rights are an expansive and significant set of rights that are designed to
protect individuals from unfair treatment; they are the rights of individuals to
receive equal treatment (and to be free from unfair treatment or discrimination) in
a number of settings -- including education, employment, housing, public
accommodations, and more -- and based on certain legally-protected
characteristics.

Historically, the "Civil Rights Movement" referred to efforts toward achieving true
equality for African Americans in all facets of society, but today the term "civil
rights" is also used to describe the advancement of equality for all people
regardless of race, sex, age, disability, national origin, religion, or certain other
characteristics. In the United States this has included not only the African
 American civil rights movement, but also movements that were inspired by the
civil rights movement such as the American Indian Movement and the Chicano
Movement which occurred during the same time.

Civil Rights Act, (1964), comprehensive U.S. legislation intended to

end discrimination based on race, colour, religion, or national origin. It is often
called the most important U.S. law on civil rights since Reconstruction (1865–77)
and is a hallmark of the American civil rights movement. Title I of the act
guarantees equal voting rights by removing registration requirements and
procedures biased against minorities and the underprivileged. Title II
prohibits segregation or discrimination in places of public accommodation
involved in interstate commerce. Title VII bans discrimination by trade unions,
schools, or employers involved in interstate commerce or doing business with the
federal government. The latter section also applies to discrimination on the basis
of sex and established a government agency, the Equal Employment Opportunity
Commission (EEOC), to enforce these provisions. The act also calls for the
desegregation of public schools (Title IV), broadens the duties of the Civil Rights
Commission (Title V), and assures nondiscrimination in the distribution of funds
under federally assisted programs (Title VI).

Political Rights Law and Legal

Political rights are the rights exercised in the formation and administration of a
government. They are given to citizen by the constitution. These rights give the citizen
power to participate directly or indirectly in the administration.

Political rights are the right to political participation. Political participation can take
many forms; the most notable form is the right to vote. The right also covers the
right to join a political party; the right to stand as a candidate in an election; the
right to participate in a demonstration; and freedom of association.

Civil and political rights

Are a class of rights that protect individuals' freedom from infringement
by governments, social organizations, and private individuals. They ensure one's
entitlement to participate in the civil and political life of the society
and state without discrimination or repression.
Civil rights include the ensuring of peoples' physical and mental integrity, life,
and safety; protection from discrimination on grounds such as race, gender, sexual
orientation, national origin, color, age, political affiliation, ethnicity, religion,
and disability;[1][2][3] and individual rights such as privacy and the freedom
of thought, speech, religion, press, assembly, and movement.
Political rights include natural justice (procedural fairness) in law, such as the rights of
the accused, including the right to a fair trial; due process; the right to seek redress or
a legal remedy; and rights of participation in civil society and politics such as freedom of
association, the right to assemble, the right to petition, the right of self-defense, and
the right to vote.
Civil and political rights form the original and main part of international human
rights.[4] They comprise the first portion of the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human
Rights (with economic, social, and cultural rights comprising the second portion). The
theory of three generations of human rights considers this group of rights to be "first-
generation rights", and the theory of negative and positive rights considers them to be
generally negative rights.

Economic, social and cultural rights

are socio-economic human rights, such as the right to education, right to housing, right
to adequate standard of living, right to health, victims' rights and the right to science and
culture. Economic, social and cultural rights are recognized and protected in
international and regional human rights instruments. Member states have a legal
obligation to respect, protect and fulfil economic, social and cultural rights and are
expected to take "progressive action" towards their fulfilment.
The Universal Declaration on Human Rights recognizes a number of economic, social
and cultural rights and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural
Rights (ICESCR) is the primary international legal source of economic, social and
cultural rights. The Convention on the Rights of the Child and the Convention on the
Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women recognizes and protects
many of the economic, social and cultural rights recognized in the ICESCR in relation to
children and women. The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial
Discrimination prohibits discrimination on the basis of racial or ethnic origin in relation to
a number of economic, social and cultural rights. The Convention on the Rights of
Persons with Disabilities also prohibits all discrimination on the basis of the disability
including refusal of the reasonable accommodation relating to full enjoyment of
economic, social and cultural rights.
Economic, social, and cultural rights include the human right to work, the right to an adequate
standard of living, including food, clothing, and housing, the right to physical and mental health,
the right to social security, the right to a healthy environment, and the right to education.

Social equality. For example, sex, gender, race, age, sexual orientation, origin, caste or class,
income or property, language, religion, convictions, opinions, health or disability must absolutely
not result in unequal treatment under the law and should not reduce opportunities unjustifiably.